# U ni te d S ta te s Co ur t of A pp ea ls For the Eig hth Circu it

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__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ _ Uni te d S ta te s o f Am eri ca,
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ff - App el le e ,

v.
Jo se Carl os Mo nt oya-Eche ve rri a,
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an t - Ap pe ll an t

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__ __ __ __ __ __ App eal fro m

Uni te d S ta te s Di st ric t Co ur t fo r th e Nor th ern Dis tri ct of I owa - Sio ux Cit y

__ __ __ __ __ __ Su bm it te d: Octo be r 6, 2 01 4 Fil ed : Ap ril 13 , 20 15 [Un pu bl is he d]

__ __ __ __ __ __ Befo re LOKEN, BEAM, and COLLOTON, Cir cu it Ju dg es

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__ __ __ __ __ __ PER CURI AM.

Jo se Mo nt oya-Eche ve rri a pl ead ed gu il ty t o un la wfu l reen try to th e Uni te d St at es aft er a pr ev io us rem ov al , in vi ol at io n of 8 U.S.C. § 13 26 (a)( 1)

. The di st ric tco ur t se nt en ced h i m t o 41 m on th s in pr is on

. Mo nt oya-Eche ve rri a ap pe al s hi s 1

se nt en ce, an d we a ffi rm

.

In cal cu la ti ng th e ad vi so ry se nt en ci ng gu id el in e ran ge fo r Mo nt oyaEch ev erri a’s of

fen se , th e di st ric t co ur t ap pl ie d a si xt een -le ve l sp eci fic of fen se ch arac t eri st ic be cau se th e de fen da nt pr ev io us ly was de po rte d aft er a co nv ic ti on fo r
a cri m e of v i o le nc e. Se e USSG § 2L1 .2(b )(1 )(A). The co ur t de te rm in ed th at Mo nt oya-Eche ve rri a’s co nv ic ti on s f or do m es ti c ab us e as sa ul t un de r Io wa Co de § 70 8.2 A(2 )(c) an d fir st de gr ee ha ras sm en t un de r Io wa Co de § 70 8.7 (2 ) qu al ifi ed as cri m es of vi ol en ce. As a res ul t, th e co ur t de te rm in ed an ad vi so ry gu id el in e ran ge of 41 to 51 m on th s’ im

pr is on m en t, an d s en te nc ed th e d efen da nt to 41 m on th s.

The co ur t ex pl ai ne d, al te rn at iv el y , th at ev en if th ere were no si xt een -le ve l in crea se fo r rem ov al aft er a cri m e of vi ol en ce, th e co ur t wou ld ha ve im po se d th e sa m e
se nt en ce ba se d o n th e fact s th at le d to Mo nt oya-Eche ve rri a’s pr io r co nv ic ti on s fo r do m e s t i c a bu se as sa ul t an d fir st de gr ee ha ras sm en t. In th at in ci de nt , Mo nt oyaEch ev erri a wen t to th e ho m e of a wom an wit h who m he sh ares a ch il d an d qu es ti on ed he r a b o u t he r bo y fri en d. W he n sh e refu se d to an swe r, he be ga n to ch ok e he r, th en di sp la y ed a fir earm , fo rced it in to he r m ou th , an d as ke d whe th er sh e was read y to di e. W he n s he di d n ot res po nd , he r em ov ed th e g un an d d ep art ed

.

M o n t oya-Eche ve rri a arg ue s on ap pe al th at th ere was pr oc ed ur al erro r in cal cu la ti ng th e ad vi so ry gu id el in e ran ge be cau se hi s co nv ic ti on s fo r do m es ti c ab us e
as sa ul t an d fir st de gr ee ha ras sm en t were no t cri m es of vi ol en ce. Eve n as su m in g fo r t he sa ke of an al y si s th at hi s arg um en t ha s m eri t, th e di st ric t co ur t was cl ear th a t i t

wou ld ha ve im

po se d th e sa m e se nt en ce ba se d on 18 U.S.C. § 35 53 (a), reg ard le ss of th e gu id el in e cal cu la ti on an d USS G § 2 L1.2 . Any erro r in cal cu la ti ng th e ad vi so ry

The Hon or ab le Mar k W

. Ben ne tt , Uni te d St at es Dis tri ct Ju dg e fo r th e 1 Nor th ern Dis tri ct of I owa

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-ran ge was th eref or e ha rm le ss

. Uni te d St at es v. Sa yl es , 67 4 F.3 d 10 69 , 10 72 (8 th Ci r. 20 12 ); Uni te d S ta te s v. Hen so n , 55 0 F .3d 73 9, 7 41 (8t h C ir. 2 00 8)

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The jud gm en t o f th e d is tri ct co ur t i s af fir m ed

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