FILED U.S. COURT OF AP P EALS E LEV EN T HC IRC U IT APR 9, 2007 THOMAS K. KAH

N CLERK [ DO NO T P UB L I S H] I N THE UN I TE D STATE S C OU RT OF APPE ALS F O R T H E E L E V E N T H C IR C U IT

________________________ N o. 06- 15817 N on -A rgum entC al endar

________________________ D. C . Do c k e tNo . 0 6 - 0 1 4 0 2 - C V- OR L - 3 1 - J GG H U G H J O H N S O N E N T E R P R I S E S , I N C ., d o in g b u s in e s s a s C lu b H a r e m , P la in tif f - A p p e lla n t, v ersu s C I T Y O F W I N T E R P A R K , F L O R I D A , D e f e n d a n t- A p p e lle e .

________________________ A pp ea l fr om the U ni t ed S t at es D i stri ctC ou rt f orthe M i ddl e D i s tr i c tof F l or i da

_________________________ ( A p r i l9, 2007) B efo re T JO F L A T , B IR C H an d H U L L , C i rcu i tJu d g es. P E R C U R I A M: H ugh J ohns on E nt e rpr i s e s , I nc . , d/b/ aC l ub H a r e m , appe a l s the di s m i s s a l of2

i t s c om pl ai ntas no tbei ng ri pe for a dj ud i ca t i on and l ac ki ng subj ec t -m att er j u r i s d i c t i o n . We A F F I R M. I . B AC KG RO UN D C l ub H a r e m , ow ne d a nd ope r a t e d by H ugh J ohns on E nt e rpr i s e s , I nc . , i s the onl y l i c e ns e d a dul t - e nt e r t a i nm e nte s t abl i s hm e nti n W i nt e rP a rk, F l or i da . T he pr ope r ty on w hi c h the c l ub i s l oc a t e d ha s be e n us e d f ora dul te nt e r t a i nm e nt , nonob sc ene e rot i c danci ng , for app roxi m at el y thi rty y ea rs . P re vi ou sl y, C l ub H ar em w a s lic e n s e d b y O r a n g e C o u n ty a n d o p e r a te d u n d e rits a d u lt- e n te r ta in m e n t c o d e . I n 2 0 0 3 , th e C ity o f

W in te rP a rk a n n e x e d th e p r o p e r ty o n w h ic h C lu b H a r e m is lo c a te d a n d o th e rp r o p e r tie s o n L e e R o a d w e s t to I n te r s ta te 4 . O n M a r c h 17, 2006, C l ub H a r e m w a s r a i de d by W i nt e rP a rk pol i c e . V a r i ous arre st s of patrons and em pl oyee s occ urre d. T here af t er , C l ub H ar em ’ s a tt orney cont ac t ed the att orney f or the C i ty of W i nt erP ark t o asc ert ai n w hether the ci ty w as c o n te m p la tin g o rin te n d in g to in itia te lic e n s in g p e n a ltie s a g a in s t th e n ig h tc lu b . F o llo w in g r e q u e s ts f

o rd o c u m e n ts , c o u n s e l f o rC lu b H a r e m le a rn e d th a t ( 1 ) a t a m ee t i ng atW i nt erP ark p ol i ce headqu art er s on D ec em ber 22, 20 05 , a det ec t i ve had st at ed th atth e ci ty w o u l d l i k e t o p rev en tC l u b H arem fro m d o i n g fu tu re b u si n ess by ha vi ng i t s l i c e ns e r e voke d, ( 2) a doc um e nti ns truc t e d tha ta de t e rm i na t i on of w he the rC l ub H a r e m ’ s c i ty oc c upa t i ona l l i c e ns e c oul d be r e voke d be m a de , a nd ( 3)3

a r e s pons e l e tt e rda t e d S e pt e m be r5, 2006, f r om the a s s i s t a ntc i ty a tt orne y t o C l ub H a r e m ’ s c ouns e l ’ s l e tt e ra s ki ng i f the c i ty i nt e nde d t o pur s ue a l i c e ns i ng a c t i on a g a in s t th e n ig h tc lu b , s ta te s in p e r tin e n t p a r t: P l e a s e be a dvi s e d tha tthe r e i s no pe ndi ng pr oc e e di ng t o r e voke C l ub H a r e m ’s lic e n s e . H o w e v e r , th e C ity o f W in te rP a rk w ill c o n tin u e to s e e k t o e nf

or c e a l l of

i t s l a w s , or di na nc e s , orr e gul a t i ons a ga i ns ta ny p a r ty w h o ap p e a r s t o b e i n v i o l a t i o n o f th e m. A s s uch, i f C l ub H ar em i s i n v i ol at i on of any of the C i ty of W i nt erP ark’ s l aw s, ordi nances , or re gu l at i on s, the C i ty of W i nt er P a rk r e s e rve s a l l of

i t s r i ght s t o t a ke the appr opr i a t e e nf or c e m e nt a c tio n . R 1-1 atT ab C (e m ph as i s a dd ed). R ather than face the l oss of i t s l i ce nse und eran a l l e ge dl y unc ons t i tut i ona l or di na nc e , C l ub H a r e m s oughta de c l a r a t ory j udgm e nt a nd i nj unc t i on, w hi c h w oul d de c i de tha tthe W i nt e rP a rk A dul tE nt e r t a i nm e nt C od e, se ct i on s 14-50 (S uspensi on ) a nd 14 -51 (R evocat i on ), ar e uncon st i tut i on al an d u n en fo rceab l e. T h e d i stri ctj u d g e g ran t ed W i n t er P ark ’ s m o t i o n t o d i sm i ss u n d erF ed er al R u le o f C iv il P ro ce d u re 1 2 (b )( 6 ) a n d co n clu d ed th at C lu b H ar em ’s ac t i on w as no tri pe for a dj ud i ca t i on and thatthe courtl ac ked subj ec t -m att er j ur i s di c t i on. T hi s appe a l e ns ue d. I I . DI S CUS S I ON W e r e vi e w the gr a nt i ng of a m ot i on t o di s m i s s unde rR ul e 12( b) ( 6) de novo a nd appl y the s a m e l e ga l s t a nda r d us e d by the di s tr i c tc our t . H of f m a n- P ugh v. R a m s e y , 3 1 2 F .3 d 1 2 2 2 , 1 2 2 5 ( 1 1 C ir . 2 0 0 2 ) . “‘W h e n c o n s id e r in g a m o tio n to th4

di s m i s s , a l l f

a c t s s e tf or th i n the pl a i nt i f

f’ s c om pl a i nta r e t o be a c c e pt e d a s true a nd the courtl i m i t s i t s c on si dera t i on t o the pl ea di ng s a nd exhi bi t s a tt ac hed there t o. ’ ” T haet erv. P al m B ea ch C ou nty S heri ff ’ s O ff i ce , 44 9 F . 3d 13 42 , 13 52 (11 C i r. th 20 06 ) ( ci t at i on om i tt ed). B as ed on the fa ct s a s s t at ed i n the com pl ai ntand att ac hed ex h i b i t s, th e th resh o l d d eci si o n i s ri p en ess. T he U ni t e d S t a t e s C ons t i tut i on l i m i t s the j ur i s di c t i on of f e de r a l c our t s by pe rm i tt i ng the m t o c ons i de ronl y di s put e s tha tr i s e t o the l e ve l of be i ng “ C a s e s ” or “C o n tr o v e r s ie s .” U .S . C o n s t. a r t. I I I , § 2 ; N a tio n a l A d v e r . C o . v . C ity o f M ia m i, 402 F . 3d 1335, 1338 ( 11 C i r . 2005) ( pe rc ur i a m ) ( c i t i ng L uj a n v. D e f e nde r s of th W i l dl i f e , 504 U . S . 555, 559- 60, 112 S . C t . 2130, 2136 ( 1992) ) , c e r t . de ni e d, __ U . S . __, 126 S . C t . 1318 ( 2006) . “ T he r i pe ne s s doc tr i ne pr ot e c t s f e de r a l c our t s f

r om engagi ng i n specul at i on or w as t i ng thei r r es ou rc es throu gh the re vi ew of po t ent i al orabs tr a c tdi s put e s . ” D i gi t a l P r ope r t i e s , I nc . v. C i ty of P l a nt a t i on, 121 F . 3d 586, 589 ( 11 C i r . 1997) . T he tw o- s t e p “ r i pe ne s s i nqui ry r e qui r e s a de t e rm i na t i on of

th (1) the fi tness of the i ss ues f or j ud i ci al deci si on , and (2) the hardshi p t o the part i es of w i thh ol di ng courtconsi dera t i on . Id. T he courtm ustdet erm i ne “ ‘ w hether there is s u f f ic ie n t in ju ry to m e e t A r tic le I I I ’s r e q u ir e m e n t o f a c a s e o rc o n tr o v e r s y a n d , if s o, w he the rthe c l a i m i s s uf f i c i e nt l y m a tur e , a nd the i s s ue s s uf f i c i e nt l y de f

i ne d a nd concret e, t o p erm i tef

fe ct i ve deci si on m aki ng by the court . ’ ” I d. (c i t at i on om i tt ed).5

T he pl a i nt i f

f c orpor a t i on i n D i gi t a l P r ope r t i e s s oughtt o ope n a n a dul tbook and v i deo st ore, al tho ug h D i gi t al had o bt ai ned p ri or l egal advi ce thatthe m un i ci pal zoni ng code di d n otal l ow adul tbo ok and v i deo st ores anyw here i n the ci ty. B as ed on the r a t i ona l e tha tthe r e s tr i c t i on m a de the z oni ng c ode unc ons t i tut i ona l a nd un enforce abl e, D i gi t al fi l ed i n federa l courta c as e c hal l engi ng the m un i ci pal z oni ng s c he m e a s unc ons t i tut i ona l . T he c i ty f i l e d a m ot i on t o di s m i s s f orl a c k of s ubj e c t - m a tt e rj ur i s di c t i on unde rthe r i pe ne s s doc tr i ne , a nd the di s tr i c tj udge grant ed the m ot i on i n p artbecause D i gi t al ’ s “ rush t o the courtho use w as pr e m a tur e . ” I d. O n appe a l , w e c onc l ude d tha tD i gi t a l ha d f a i l e d t o pr e s e nta r i pe c l a i m f or re vi ew , because i tdi d n otpu rs ue i t s c l ai m w i th the re qu i si t e di l i gence t o sho w that a m atu re claim o r c o n tro v er sy ex isted . Id . at 5 9 0 . W e r ea so n ed “th at D ig it al’s pres um pt i on of const i tut i on al i nfi rm i ty bre d i m pat i ence and p rom pt ed i tt o fi l e a n u n r i p e c l a i m, ” w h e n th e r i p e n e s s d o c tr i n e r e q u i r e s a f o rma l i z e d d e c i s i o n f

r o m a gove rnm e nt a l a uthor i ty , “ a nd i t s e f f e c t s [ m us tbe ] f

e l ti n ac onc r e t e w a y by the c ha l l e ngi ng pa r t i e s . ” I d. ( quot i ng A bbottL abs . v. G a r dne r , 387 U . S . 135, 148- 49, 87 S . C t . 15 07 , 15 15 (196 7)). W e e xp l ai ned that“ D i gi t al ’ s i m pat i ence prec l ud ed th e f o rm a tio n o f

a c o n c r e te c a s e o rc o n tr o v e r s y ” ; b e c a u s e th e r e w a s n o ta n g ib le c o n tr o v e r s y , th e f

e d e r a l c o u r ts w e r e w ith o u t a u th o r ity to a c t. I d . ( e m p h a s is a d d e d ) .The c ity has argued that Club Harem has confuse d an occupational licensefor a 1 bu sin e ss withan adult- entertainm ent l ic ens e . Its c ontenti on is t hat th ere ferenc eto a

bu sin e ss lic ens ein C lubHa

rem’ s c or re sp on denc ewith t

hec ity ’satto rn eys, attac he d a s e xhibits to it s complaint, means a

n occupational license rather than a n adult-entertainment license . Counsel for Club Harem re futes this assertion in his reply brief. Reply

Br . at 5-6. B eca

use Club Harem is theonly

lic ens e d adult entertainm ent bus ine ss in Winter P ark , w ec on c ludetha t th ebu sin e ss license that Club Harem is challeng ing in its complaint for de claratory judgment and injunctive re lie f i s it s li c ens efo r adult entertainm ent a nd no t it s o c cup atio nal li c ens ere quire d f or all businesses. 6 T h e r e f o r e , w e c o n c lu d e d th a t D ig ita l’s “a n tic ip a te d b e lie f ” th a t th e c ity w o u ld i nt e rpr e ti t s c ode i n a w a y tha tvi ol a t e d D i gi t a l ’ s r i ght s w a s i ns uf f i c i e ntt o m e e tthe r i pe ne s s s t a nda r d; c ons e que nt l y , the r e w a s no s ubj e c t - m a tt e rj ur i s di c t i on ove rthe di s put e . I d. W e ha ve r e c ogni z e d tha t , t o c ha l l e nge the c ons t i tut i ona l i ty of gove rnm e nta c t i on, a pr opone ntha s the obl i ga t i on t o obt a i n a c onc l us i ve a nd de f i ni t i ve gove rnm e ntde c i s i on r e ga r di ng the a l l e ge d unc ons t i tut i ona l appl i c a t i on of the l egi sl at i on qu es t i on ed. N at i on al A dv er . , 40 2 F . 3d at13 40 (c i t i ng D i gi t al 1 P r o p e r tie s , 1 2 1 F .3 d a t 5 9 0 ) . T h e W in ter P ar k A d u ltE n tertain m en t C o d e, attach ed to C lu b H ar em ’s c o m p la in t, s ta te s th e p r o c e d u r e s f o rs u s p e n s io n a n d r e v o c a tio n o f a n a d u lt en t ert ai n m en tl i cen se i n sect i o n s 1 4 -5 0 an d 1 4 -5 1 . A n ad u l t -en t ert ai n m en tl i cen se m a y be s us pe nde d f

orthi r ty ( 30) da y s f

or“ thr e e orm or e vi ol a t i ons of a r t i c l e V I of th e O r a n g e C o u n ty A d u lt E n te r ta in m e n t C o d e ” w ith in a tw o - y e a rp e r io d , if th e r e is a co n v i ct i o n . W i n t er P ark A d u l tE n t ert ai n m en tC o d e § 1 4 -5 0 (c)(1 ). A ft er a fi rst s u s p e n s io n , th e n a n o th e rc o n v ic tio n c a n r e s u lt in a n in e ty - d a y s u s p e n s io n . I d . a t §7

1 4 - 5 0 ( c ) ( 2 ) . F in a lly , if

a lic e n s e h a s b e e n s u s p e n d e d f o rn in e ty d a y s , a n d th e r e is w i thi n tw o y e a r s of

the c onvi c t i on l e a di ng t o tha ts us pe ns i on a nothe rc onvi c t i on, th en th e l i cen se can b e su sp en d ed fo r 1 8 0 d ays. Id . at§ 1 4 -5 0 (c)(3 ). A b sen tfal se i nf orm a t i on i n the appl i c a t i on pr oc e s s , a n a dul t - e nt e r t a i nm e ntl i c e ns e c a n be re vo ked o nl y i f, w i thi n tw o yea rs of the conv i ct i on thatl ed t o the 18 0-day s u s p e n s io n , th e r e is a n o th e rc o n v ic tio n . I d . a t § 1 4 - 5 1 ( b ) ( 1 ) . C l ub H a r e m ha s nota l l e ge d tha tthe r e ha ve be e n a ny s us pe ns i ons or c onvi c t i ons unde rthe W i nt e rP a rk A dul tE nt e r t a i nm e ntC ode . A l l tha tC l ub H a r e m ’s c o m p la in t a lle g e s is th a t th e C ity o f W in te rP a rk h a s a n in c h o a te d e s ir e to us e the c i ty ’ s A dul tE nt e r t a i nm e ntC ode t o r e voke C l ub H a r e m ’ s l i c e ns e ba s e d on a c om m e ntby ade t e c t i ve of the W i nt e rP a rk P ol i c e D e pa r tm e nttha the w oul d l i ke t o s e e the r e voc a t i on pr oc e s s oc c ur . A bs e ntf r om the c om pl a i nti s a ny a l l e ga t i on th a t th e c ity h a s ta k e n id e n tif iab le s te p s to r e v o k e C lu b H a r e m ’s lic e n s e . M o r e o v e r , in r e s p o n s e to in q u iry b y C lu b H a r e m ’s c o u n s e l, th e a s s is ta n t c ity att orney r es po nd ed thatno re vo ca t i on proceedi ng re gardi ng C l ub H ar em w as p e n d in g . C o n s e q u e n tly , th e c ity h a s ta k e n n o c o n c r e te o rc o g n iz ab le a c tio n to s u s p e n d o rr e v o k e C lu b H a r e m ’s lic e n s e . B e c a u s e it h a s s u f f e r e d n o a c tio n to s u s p e n d o rr e v o k e its lic e n s e w h a ts o e v e rf r o m W in te rP a rk th r o u g h its a d u lt e nt e r t a i nm e ntor di na nc e , C l ub H a r e m ’ s c ha l l e nge t o the c ons t i tut i ona l i ty of the8

W in te rP a rk A d u lt E n te r ta in m e n t C o d e is p r e m a tu r e a n d u n r ip e f o ra d ju d ic a tio n . T here fore , the di stri ctj ud ge prop er l y di sm i ss ed C l ub H ar em ’ s c om pl ai ntun der R ul e 12(b)(6). I I I . CONCL US I ON C l ub H a r e m ha s appe a l e d the di s m i s s a l of i t s c om pl a i ntc ha l l e ngi ng the c o n s titu tio n a lity o f

th e W in te rP a rk A d u lt E n te r ta in m e n t C o d e . B e c a u s e th e c ity has t aken no st eps t o suspend or re vo ke C l ub H ar em ’ s a du l tent ert ai nm entl i ce nse, C l ub H ar em ’ s r equestfor pre l i m i naryconst i tut i on al adj ud i ca t i on of the ordi nance i s notri pe, and subj ec t -m att erj uri sdi ct i on i s l ac ki ng . A cc ordi ng l y, the di stri ct j u d g e’ s d i sm i ssal o f C l u b H arem ’ s co m p l ai n ti s A FFI R M ED .