Presidential Documents

3853

Federal Register

Vol. 66, No. 11

Wednesday, January 17, 2001

Title 3—

The President

Executive Order 13186 of January 10, 2001

Responsibilities of Federal Agencies To Protect Migratory

Birds

By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the

laws of the United States of America, and in furtherance of the purposes

of the migratory bird conventions, the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (16 U.S.C.

703–711), the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Acts (16 U.S.C. 668–668d),

the Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act (16 U.S.C. 661–666c), the Endangered

Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531–1544), the National Environmental

Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321–4347), and other pertinent statutes,

it is hereby ordered as follows:

Section 1. Policy. Migratory birds are of great ecological and economic

value to this country and to other countries. They contribute to biological

diversity and bring tremendous enjoyment to millions of Americans who

study, watch, feed, or hunt these birds throughout the United States and

other countries. The United States has recognized the critical importance

of this shared resource by ratifying international, bilateral conventions for

the conservation of migratory birds. Such conventions include the Convention

for the Protection of Migratory Birds with Great Britain on behalf of Canada

1916, the Convention for the Protection of Migratory Birds and Game Mammals-Mexico 1936, the Convention for the Protection of Birds and Their

Environment- Japan 1972, and the Convention for the Conservation of Migratory Birds and Their Environment-Union of Soviet Socialist Republics 1978.

These migratory bird conventions impose substantive obligations on the

United States for the conservation of migratory birds and their habitats,

and through the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (Act), the United States has

implemented these migratory bird conventions with respect to the United

States. This Executive Order directs executive departments and agencies

to take certain actions to further implement the Act.

Sec. 2. Definitions. For purposes of this order:

(a) ‘‘Take’’ means take as defined in 50 C.F.R. 10.12, and includes both

‘‘intentional’’ and ‘‘unintentional’’ take.

(b) ‘‘Intentional take’’ means take that is the purpose of the activity in

question.

(c) ‘‘Unintentional take’’ means take that results from, but is not the

purpose of, the activity in question.

(d) ‘‘Migratory bird’’ means any bird listed in 50 C.F.R. 10.13.

(e) ‘‘Migratory bird resources’’ means migratory birds and the habitats

upon which they depend.

(f) ‘‘Migratory bird convention’’ means, collectively, the bilateral conventions (with Great Britain/Canada, Mexico, Japan, and Russia) for the conservation of migratory bird resources.

(g) ‘‘Federal agency’’ means an executive department or agency, but does

not include independent establishments as defined by 5 U.S.C. 104.

(h) ‘‘Action’’ means a program, activity, project, official policy (such as

a rule or regulation), or formal plan directly carried out by a Federal agency.

Each Federal agency will further define what the term ‘‘action’’ means

with respect to its own authorities and what programs should be included

3854 Federal Register / Vol. 66, No. 11 / Wednesday, January 17, 2001 / Presidential Documents

in the agency-specific Memoranda of Understanding required by this order.

Actions delegated to or assumed by nonfederal entities, or carried out by

nonfederal entities with Federal assistance, are not subject to this order.

Such actions, however, continue to be subject to the Migratory Bird Treaty

Act.

(i) ‘‘Species of concern’’ refers to those species listed in the periodic

report ‘‘Migratory Nongame Birds of Management Concern in the United

States,’’ priority migratory bird species as documented by established plans

(such as Bird Conservation Regions in the North American Bird Conservation

Initiative or Partners in Flight physiographic areas), and those species listed

in 50 C.F.R. 17.11.

Sec. 3. Federal Agency Responsibilities. (a) Each Federal agency taking actions

that have, or are likely to have, a measurable negative effect on migratory

bird populations is directed to develop and implement, within 2 years,

a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with the Fish and Wildlife Service

(Service) that shall promote the conservation of migratory bird populations.

(b) In coordination with affected Federal agencies, the Service shall develop

a schedule for completion of the MOUs within 180 days of the date of

this order. The schedule shall give priority to completing the MOUs with

agencies having the most substantive impacts on migratory birds.

(c) Each MOU shall establish protocols for implementation of the MOU

and for reporting accomplishments. These protocols may be incorporated

into existing actions; however, the MOU shall recognize that the agency

may not be able to implement some elements of the MOU until such time

as the agency has successfully included them in each agency’s formal planning processes (such as revision of agency land management plans, land

use compatibility guidelines, integrated resource management plans, and

fishery management plans), including public participation and NEPA analysis, as appropriate. This order and the MOUs to be developed by the

agencies are intended to be implemented when new actions or renewal

of contracts, permits, delegations, or other third party agreements are initiated

as well as during the initiation of new, or revisions to, land management

plans.

(d) Each MOU shall include an elevation process to resolve any dispute

between the signatory agencies regarding a particular practice or activity.

(e) Pursuant to its MOU, each agency shall, to the extent permitted by

law and subject to the availability of appropriations and within Administration budgetary limits, and in harmony with agency missions:

(1) support the conservation intent of the migratory bird conventions

by integrating bird conservation principles, measures, and practices into

agency activities and by avoiding or minimizing, to the extent practicable,

adverse impacts on migratory bird resources when conducting agency actions;

(2) restore and enhance the habitat of migratory birds, as practicable;

(3) prevent or abate the pollution or detrimental alteration of the environment for the benefit of migratory birds, as practicable;

(4) design migratory bird habitat and population conservation principles,

measures, and practices, into agency plans and planning processes (natural

resource, land management, and environmental quality planning, including,

but not limited to, forest and rangeland planning, coastal management planning, watershed planning, etc.) as practicable, and coordinate with other

agencies and nonfederal partners in planning efforts;

(5) within established authorities and in conjunction with the adoption,

amendment, or revision of agency management plans and guidance, ensure

that agency plans and actions promote programs and recommendations of

comprehensive migratory bird planning efforts such as Partners-in-Flight,

U.S. National Shorebird Plan, North American Waterfowl Management Plan,

North American Colonial Waterbird Plan, and other planning efforts, as

well as guidance from other sources, including the Food and Agricultural

Federal Register / Vol. 66, No. 11 / Wednesday, January 17, 2001 / Presidential Documents 3855

Organization’s International Plan of Action for Reducing Incidental Catch

of Seabirds in Longline Fisheries;

(6) ensure that environmental analyses of Federal actions required by

the NEPA or other established environmental review processes evaluate

the effects of actions and agency plans on migratory birds, with emphasis

on species of concern;

(7) provide notice to the Service in advance of conducting an action

that is intended to take migratory birds, or annually report to the Service

on the number of individuals of each species of migratory birds intentionally

taken during the conduct of any agency action, including but not limited

to banding or marking, scientific collecting, taxidermy, and depredation

control;

(8) minimize the intentional take of species of concern by: (i) delineating

standards and procedures for such take; and (ii) developing procedures

for the review and evaluation of take actions. With respect to intentional

take, the MOU shall be consistent with the appropriate sections of 50 C.F.R.

parts 10, 21, and 22;

(9) identify where unintentional take reasonably attributable to agency

actions is having, or is likely to have, a measurable negative effect on

migratory bird populations, focusing first on species of concern, priority

habitats, and key risk factors. With respect to those actions so identified,

the agency shall develop and use principles, standards, and practices that

will lessen the amount of unintentional take, developing any such conservation efforts in cooperation with the Service. These principles, standards,

and practices shall be regularly evaluated and revised to ensure that they

are effective in lessening the detrimental effect of agency actions on migratory

bird populations. The agency also shall inventory and monitor bird habitat

and populations within the agency’s capabilities and authorities to the extent

feasible to facilitate decisions about the need for, and effectiveness of, conservation efforts;

(10) within the scope of its statutorily-designated authorities, control the

import, export, and establishment in the wild of live exotic animals and

plants that may be harmful to migratory bird resources;

(11) promote research and information exchange related to the conservation

of migratory bird resources, including coordinated inventorying and monitoring and the collection and assessment of information on environmental

contaminants and other physical or biological stressors having potential

relevance to migratory bird conservation. Where such information is collected

in the course of agency actions or supported through Federal financial

assistance, reasonable efforts shall be made to share such information with

the Service, the Biological Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey,

and other appropriate repositories of such data (e.g, the Cornell Laboratory

of Ornithology);

(12) provide training and information to appropriate employees on methods

and means of avoiding or minimizing the take of migratory birds and conserving and restoring migratory bird habitat;

(13) promote migratory bird conservation in international activities and

with other countries and international partners, in consultation with the

Department of State, as appropriate or relevant to the agency’s authorities;

(14) recognize and promote economic and recreational values of birds,

as appropriate; and

(15) develop partnerships with non-Federal entities to further bird conservation.

(f) Notwithstanding the requirement to finalize an MOU within 2 years,

each agency is encouraged to immediately begin implementing the conservation measures set forth above in subparagraphs (1) through (15) of this

section, as appropriate and practicable.

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(g) Each agency shall advise the public of the availability of its MOU

through a notice published in the Federal Register.

Sec. 4. Council for the Conservation of Migratory Birds. (a) The Secretary

of Interior shall establish an interagency Council for the Conservation of

Migratory Birds (Council) to oversee the implementation of this order. The

Council’s duties shall include the following: (1) sharing the latest resource

information to assist in the conservation and management of migratory birds;

(2) developing an annual report of accomplishments and recommendations

related to this order; (3) fostering partnerships to further the goals of this

order; and (4) selecting an annual recipient of a Presidential Migratory

Bird Federal Stewardship Award for contributions to the protection of migratory birds.

(b) The Council shall include representation, at the bureau director/administrator level, from the Departments of the Interior, State, Commerce, Agriculture, Transportation, Energy, Defense, and the Environmental Protection

Agency and from such other agencies as appropriate.

Sec. 5. Application and Judicial Review. (a) This order and the MOU to

be developed by the agencies do not require changes to current contracts,

permits, or other third party agreements.

(b) This order is intended only to improve the internal management of

the executive branch and does not create any right or benefit, substantive

or procedural, separately enforceable at law or equity by a party against

the United States, its agencies or instrumentalities, its officers or employees,

or any other person.

THE WHITE HOUSE,

January 10, 2001.

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[FR Doc. 01–1387

Filed 1–12–01; 8:45 am]

Billing code 3195–01–P