T hi s di s pos i t i on i s notappr opr i a t e f orpubl i c a t i on and i s notpr e c e de nt * e xc e pta s pr ovi de d by 9th C i r . R . 36- 3.

T he pa ne l una ni m ous l y c onc l ude s thi s c a s e i s s ui t abl e f orde c i s i on ** w ith o u t o r a l a r g u m e n t. See F ed. R . A pp . P . 34 (a )( 2).

T he H on orabl e N ancyG ertner, D i stri ctJudg e f or the U . S . D i stri ct ** * C our tf orM a s s a c hus e tt s , B os t on, s i tt i ng by de s i gna t i on.

NOT F OR P UB L I CAT I ON UN I TE D STATE S C OU RT OF APPE ALS FOR T HE NI NTH CI RC UI T MI GU E L P E DR OZ A, P et i t i on er , v. E R I C H . H O L D E R , J r ., A tto rn e y G e n e r a l, R e s p o n d e n t. N o. 08- 73266 A ge nc y N o. A 095- 584- 542 ME MOR AN DU M *

O n P e t i t i on f

orR e vi e w of

a n O r de rof

the B o a r d o f I m m ig r a tio n A p p e a ls S ubm i tt e d M a y 1, 2011 ** S a n F r a n c is c o , C a lif

o rn ia B ef ore: B . F L E T C H E R and T H O M A S , C i rc ui tJudg es , and G E R T N E R , D i stri ct Judg e. *** M i gu el P edroza, a nat i ve and ci t i ze n o f M exi co, pet i t i on s f or re vi ew of an order by the B oard of Im m i grat i on A pp ea l s ( “ B IA ”) denyi ng hi s m ot i on t o reopen 

# FI LED JU N 03 2011 M OLLY C. DW Y ER, CLERK U . S. C O U R T OF APPE ALS- 2-

a l l e g i n g i n e f

f e c t i v e a s s i s t a n c e o f

c o u n s e l . We g r a n tth e p e t i t i o n f o rr e v i e w. B e c au s e th e p a r t i e s a r e f a m i l i a rwi th th e f

a c tu a l a n d p r o c e d u r a l b a c k g r o u n d , we need no tre coun ti there . I T h e B I A e rr e d w h e n it h e ld th a t P e d r o z ah a d n o t s a tis f ie d th e r e q u ir e m e n ts of M at te rof L oz ada , 19 I . & N . D e c . 637 ( B I A 1988) . I n L oz ada , the B I A he l d tha ta n a l i e n a l l e gi ng i ne f f e c t i ve a s s i s t a nc e of

c ouns e l m us t : ( 1) s u b m it a n a f

f id a v it e x p la in in g in d e ta il th e a g r e e m e n t th a t w a s e n te r e d in to w i th pr i orc ouns e l r e ga r di ng l e ga l r e pr e s e nt a t i on, ( 2) s ubm i te vi de nc e tha the ha s i nf orm e d pr i orc ouns e l of

the a l l e ga t i ons of

i ne f f e c t i ve a s s i s t a nc e a nd pr ovi de d the a tt orne y w i th a n oppor tuni ty t o r e s pond, a nd ( 3) i f vi ol a t i on of ethi ca l or l egal re spon si bi l i t i es i s a l l eged, fi l e acom pl ai ntw i th p roper di s c i pl i na ry author i t i e s ore xpl a i n w hy s uc h ac om pl a i ntha s notbe e n f i l e d. P u g a v . Ch e r to

ff , 488 F . 3d 812, 816 ( 9th C i r . 2007) ( c i t i ng L oz ada , 19 I. & N . D ec . a t639) . W he r e , a s he r e , “ the r e c or d s how s ‘ ac l e a ra nd obvi ous c a s e of i ne f f e c t i ve as sistan ce ,’ ” w e h av e “n o t req u ired strict co m p li an ce w ith [th e] L oz ada re qu i re m ent s. ” I

d. ( quot i ng Ro dr i

g u ez -La r i

zv . I NS , 28 2 F . 3d 12 18 , 12 27 (9th C i r. 2002) ) . P e dr oz aha s c om pl i e d w i th L oz ada and the B IA abused i t s di sc re t i on w hen i tconcl ud ed otherw i se . T h e B I A s ta te d o n ly th a t P e d r o z a“f a ile d to e s tab lis h th a t h e p r o v id e d h is f o rm e ra tto rn e y w ith n o tic e o f th e a lle g a tio n s a g a in s t h im o ra n o p p o r tu n ity to re spon d. ” T o the contra ry , P edroza’ s m ot i on t o reopen st at ed thathe had- 3-

“ i nf orm e d [ H ol l i s t e r ] of

[ hi s ] c l a i m , a nd [ ga ve ] hi m a n oppor tuni ty t o r e s pond, by s e rvi ng hi m w i th ac opy of [ the ] m ot i on. ” N e i the rthe B I A i n i t s de c i s i on northe g o v e rn m e n t o n ap p e a l p r o v id e s a n y m e a n in g f u l r e a s o n w h y th is d o e s n o t c o n s titu te

“ evi dence thatcoun se l w as i nform ed of the al l egat i on s and al l ow ed t o res po nd . ” R e y e s v . A s h c r o

ft , 358 F . 3d 592, 598 ( 9th C i r . 2004) ( quot a t i on om i tt e d) . T he g o v e rn m e n t a d d itio n a lly a r g u e s th a t P e d r o z a ’s a tta c h in g th e S ta te B a ro f C a lif o rn ia C om pl ai ntF orm agai nstH ol l i st eras an exhi bi tt o h i s m ot i on t o reopen w as i n su ffi ci en tt o sat i sfy L oz ada ’ s thi r d r e qui r e m e nt , butthi s i s c l e a r l y “ a n i ndi c a t i on thata c om pl ai nthas bee n l od ged w i th the bar. ” I d. (quo t at i on om i tt ed). T he B IA ab u sed i t s d i scret i o n w h en i th el d th atP ed ro za d i d n o tsat i sfy L oz ada ’s req u i rem en t s. II A f t e ri s s ui ng i t s de c i s i on i n P e dr oz a ’ s c a s e , the B I A c onc l ude d i n M at te rof Zm i j ew ska , 24 I. & N . D ec . 87 (B IA 20 07 ) thatthe bar on cancel l at i on of re m ov al in 8 U .S .C . § 1 2 2 9 c ( d ) ( 1 ) d o e s n o t ap p ly w h e r e th e “a lie n , th r o u g h n o f au lt o f h is o rh e ro w n , is u n a w a r e o f th e v o lu n ta ry d e p a r tu r e o r d e r .” 2 4 I . & N . D e c . a t 9 4 . T he B IA further c on cl ud ed thati neff ec t i ve as si st ance of coun se l m ea ntthat Z m i j ew ska “ di d n ot‘ vo l un t ar i l y’ fa i l t o d epartw i thi n the peri od of vo l un t ary departure. ” I

d. a t95.O nl y a f t e rthe A tt orne y G e ne r a l i s s ue d hi s de c i s i on i n M at te rof C om pe an , 1 24 I . & N . D e c . 710 ( A . G . 2 0 0 9 ), w as th e B IA req u i red t o sen d “ co u rt esy co p i es” o f its f in a l d e c is io n s d ir e c tly to r e s p o n d e n ts , in a d d itio n to th o s e c o p ie s s e n t to resp o n d en t s’ l aw yers.

- 4- P edroza qual i fi es for thi s e xcept i on . W hi l e the B IA m ayhave prov i ded P e dr oz a ’ s a tt orne y w i th w r i tt e n not i c e of i t s de c i s i on, i tw a s noti t s pr a c t i c e a tthe t i m e t o al so prov i de al i ens w i th such n ot i ce , and P edroza dec l ar ed thathi s a tt orney 1

“ ne ve rs poke orm e tw i th [ hi m ] dur i ng” the r e l e va ntt i m e w he n he m i ghtha ve l e a rne d of

the B I A ’ s gr a ntof

vol unt a ry de pa r tur e , thi s c our t ’ s t e m por a ry s t a y , a nd the l i f t i ng of tha ts t a y w he n thi s c our t ’ s m a nda t e i s s ue d. O urc our t ’ s de c i s i on i n G rana do s- O segu era v. Mukasey , 546 F . 3d 1011 ( 2008) i s di s t i ngui s habl e . A s i n the c a s e a tba r , i n G ra n a do s-O seg u era the pe t i t i one rs oughtr e vi e w of the B I A ’ s de ni a l of

a n i ne f f e c t i ve a s s i s t a nc e - ba s e d m ot i on t o reopen i n p artbecause the pet i t i on erhad o vers t ay ed hi s vol un t ary d e p a r tu r e d e a d lin e . I

d. a t 1 0 1 3 . H o w e v e r , in th a t c a s e , th e p e titio n e rw a s b y a ll ac coun t s aw ar e of the B IA ’ s dec i si on and the re l evantdeadl i nes f or vo l un t ary departure, bu tar gu ed thathe re l i ed on hi s c ou nsel ’ s a ss urances thathi s overs t ay w o u ld b e e x c u s e d . I

d. a t 1 0 1 4 . H e r e , b yc o n tr a s t, P e d r o z aa lle g e s th a t a s ar e s u lt of H ol l i s t e r ’ s i ne f

f e c t i ve a s s i s t a nc e he ne ve rr e c e i ve d not i c e of the B I A ’ s de c i s i on, and w as un aw ar e of the vo l un t ary departure deadl i ne. T he G ra n a do s-O seg u era- 5-

ob se rvat i on thatthe B IA i s s t atut ori l y r equi re d t o d eny am ot i on t o reopen w hen the pe t i t i one rha s ove r s t a y e d the vol unt a ry de par tur e pe r i od, 546 F . 3d a t1015–16, i s i napp l i cabl e w here , as here , pet i t i on er ’ s argum enti s thathi s i neff ec t i ve coun se l i s s ol el y r es po nsi bl e f

or the ov er st ay , w hi ch there fore i s not“ vo l un t ary. ” See Zm i j ew ska , 24 I . & N . D e c . a t94–95. A c c o r d in g ly , w e r e m a n d to a llo w th e B I A to c o n s id e rP e d r o z a ’s m o tio n to re op en i n l i gh tof Zm i

j e w s ka.

P E T I T I ON GR AN T E D; RE MAND E D.