[DO NOT PUBLISH]

IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE ELEVENTH CIRCUIT

________________________ No. 15

- 13876 Non

- Argument Calendar

________________________ D.C. Docket No. 0:15

- cr - 60052

- BB

- 1

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Plaintiff

- Appellee,

versus STEPHANIE LORRAINE PRENDERGAST, Defendant

- Appellant.

__________ ______________ Appeal from the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida

________________________ ( August 31, 2017 ) Before TJOFLAT , WILLIAM PRYOR, and ANDERSON , Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM:

Case: 15-13876 Date Filed: 08/31/2017 Page: 1 of 42 Stephanie Prendergast appeals her convictions for making a false claim of United States citizenship with the intent to obtain a state benefit, 18 U.S.C. § 1015(e), and using or attempting to use a false, forged, counterfeited, or altered passport, 18 U.S.C. § 1543. On appeal, Prendergast asserts that the distri ct court erred by denying her post

- verdict motion for a new trial, arguing that the district court improperly applied the materiality standard under Brady v. Maryland , 373 U.S. 83 (1963), rather tha n the materiality standard under Giglio v. United States , 405 U.S. 150 (1972). She contends that she was entitled to a new trial under Giglio because the government withheld or suppressed the existence of a fake or fraudulent passport with similar biographical information on it as the one involved in her case, which, if it had been disclosed, would have shown that the testimony of two witnesses was false. We review the district court’s denial of a new trial motion asserting a Brady

or Giglio claim for abuse of discretion. See United States v. Vallejo , 297 F.3d 1154, 1163 (11th Cir. 2002). We review a district court’s factual findings for clea r error and its legal conclusions de novo

. United States v. Moya , 74 F.3d 1117, 1119 (11th Cir. 1996). And we may affirm for any reason supported by the record, even if not relied upon by the district court. United States v. Al

- Arian , 514 F.3d 1184,
118 9 (11th Cir. 2008). To prove a Brady violation, the defendant must establish that: Case: 15-13876 Date Filed: 08/31/2017 Page: 2 of 43 (1) the government possessed favorable evidence to the defendant; (2) the defendant does not possess the evidence and could not obtain the evidence with any reasonable di ligence; (3) the prosecution suppressed the favorable evidence; and (4) had the evidence been disclosed to the defendant, there is a reasonable probability that the outcome would have been different. United States v. Stein , 846 F.3d 1135, 1146 (11th Cir. 2017) (quoting Vallejo , 297 F.3d at 1164). Giglio errors, which are a “species” of Brady errors, require the defendant to establish that: (1) the prosecutor knowingly used perjured testimony or failed to correct what he subsequently learned was false test imony; and (2) such use was material i.e. , that there is any reasonable likelihood that the false testimony could have affected the judgment.
Stein , 846 F.3d at 1147 (quoting Ford v. Hall , 546 F.3d 1326, 1331

- 32 (11th Cir. 2008)). Like Brady errors, new trials are not required whenever “a combing of the prosecutors’ files after the trial has disclosed evidence possibly useful to the defense but not likely to have changed the verdict[.]” Giglio , 405 U.S. at 154 (quoting United States v. Keogh , 391 F.2d 13 8, 148 (2d Cir. 1968)). Furthermore, “the suggestion that a statement may have been false is simply insufficient; the defendant must conclusively show that the statement was actually false.” Maharaj v. Sec’y for Dep’t of Corr. , 432 F.3d 1292, 1313 (11th Cir. 2005); see also Stein , 846 F.3d at 1150. But the Giglio materiality standard “is more defense

- friendly than Brady ’s,” becau s e Giglio requires a new trial unless the district court finds

Case: 15-13876 Date Filed: 08/31/2017 Page: 3 of 44 that the false testimony was harmles s beyond a reasonable doubt. Stein , 846 F.3d
at 1147.

No error occurred as to the district court’s ch oice of materiality standard because Prendergast failed to establish the materiality prong under any relevant standard

. Prendergast also failed to establish that the government suppressed the existence of the Suresh Benny case or any in formation related to the case because it disclosed both Suresh Benny’s name and his offense’s potential relation to Prendergast’s charged offense before trial. Lastly , Prendergast failed to establish that Williams or Vila presented false testimony. Neither Williams nor Vila suggested that they possessed any k nowledge about what happened to Prendergast’s passport after Williams gave it to her supervisor. AFFIRMED

. Case: 15-13876 Date Filed: 08/31/2017 Page: 4 of 4