II 

Calendar No. 475 

116TH CONGRESS 

2D SESSION H. R. 192 

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 

JANUARY 11, 2019 

Received; read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations 

JUNE 3, 2020 

Reported by Mr. RISCH, with an amendment 

[Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed in italic] 

AN ACT 

To establish an interagency program to assist countries in 

North and West Africa to improve immediate and longterm capabilities to counter terrorist threats, and for 

other purposes. 

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 

4 This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Trans-Sahara Counter5 terrorism Partnership Act’’. 

6 SEC. 2. SENSE OF CONGRESS. 

7 It is the sense of Congress that— 


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1 (1) the Trans-Sahara Counterterrorism Part2 nership, launched in 2005, is an interagency pro3 gram to assist partner countries in the Sahel and 

4 Maghreb regions of Africa on their immediate and 

5 long-term capabilities to address terrorist threats 

6 and prevent the spread of violent extremism; 

7 (2) armed groups and violent Islamist terrorist 

8 organizations, such as Al Qaeda in the Islamic 

9 Maghreb, Boko Haram, the Islamic State of West 

10 Africa, and other affiliated groups, have killed tens 

11 of thousands of innocent civilians, displaced popu12 lations, destabilized local and national governments, 

13 and caused mass human suffering in the affected 

14 communities; 

15 (3) it is in the national security interest of the 

16 United States to combat the spread of radical 

17 Islamist extremism and build partner countries’ ca18 pacity to combat these threats in Africa; 

19 (4) extremist movements exploit vulnerable and 

20 marginalized communities suffering from poverty, 

21 lack of economic opportunity (particularly among 

22 youth populations), and weak governance; and 

23 (5) to address critical security, political, eco24 nomic, and humanitarian challenges in these regions 

25 of Africa, a coordinated, interagency approach is 


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1 needed to appropriately allocate resources, share re2 sponsibility, de-conflict programs, and maximize the 

3 effectiveness of United States defense, diplomatic, 

4 and development capabilities. 

5 SEC. 3. TRANS-SAHARA COUNTERTERRORISM PARTNER6 SHIP. 

7 (a) TRANS-SAHARA COUNTERTERRORISM PARTNER8 SHIP.— 

9 (1) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary of State, 

10 in consultation with the Secretary of Defense and 

11 the Administrator of the United States Agency for 

12 International Development, shall establish a partner13 ship, to be known as the ‘‘Trans-Sahara Counterter14 rorism Partnership’’ (TSCTP), to coordinate all 

15 United States programs, projects, and activities in 

16 North and West Africa that are conducted for any 

17 of the following purposes: 

18 (A) To build the capacity of foreign mili19 tary and law enforcement entities in such re20 gions to conduct counterterrorism operations. 

21 (B) To improve the ability of foreign mili22 tary and law enforcement entities in such re23 gions to cooperate with the United States and 

24 other partner countries on counterterrorism ef25 forts. 


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1 (C) To enhance the border security capac2 ity of partner countries in such regions, includ3 ing the ability to monitor, restrain, and inter4 dict terrorists. 

5 (D) To strengthen the rule of law in such 

6 countries, including access to justice, and the 

7 ability of the law enforcement entities of such 

8 partner countries to detect, disrupt, respond to, 

9 investigate, and prosecute terrorist activity. 

10 (E) To monitor and counter the financing 

11 of terrorism. 

12 (F) To further reduce any vulnerabilities 

13 among affected populations in such regions to 

14 recruitment or incitement of terrorist activities 

15 through public diplomacy efforts, such as sup16 porting youth employment, promoting meaning17 ful participation of women, strengthening local 

18 governance and civil society capacity, and im19 proving access to economic opportunities and 

20 education. 

21 (G) To support independent, local-lan22 guage media, particularly in rural areas, to 

23 counter media operations and recruitment prop24 aganda by terrorist organizations. 


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1 (2) CONSULTATION.—In coordinating programs 

2 through the TSCTP, the Secretary of State shall 

3 also consult, as appropriate, with the Director of 

4 National Intelligence, the Secretary of the Treasury, 

5 the Attorney General, the Chief Executive Officer of 

6 the United States Agency for Global Media (for7 merly known as the Broadcasting Board of Gov8 ernors), and the heads of other relevant Federal de9 partments and agencies. 

10 (3) CONGRESSIONAL NOTIFICATION.—Not later 

11 than 15 days before obligating amounts for an activ12 ity coordinated by the TSCTP pursuant to para13 graph (1), the Secretary of State shall submit a no14 tification, in accordance with the requirements of 

15 section 634A of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 

16 (22 U.S.C. 2394–1), that includes the following: 

17 (A) The foreign country and entity, as ap18 plicable, whose capabilities are to be enhanced 

19 in accordance with the purposes specified in 

20 paragraph (1). 

21 (B) The amount, type, and purpose of sup22 port to be provided. 

23 (C) An assessment of the capacity of the 

24 foreign country or entity to absorb the assist25 ance to be provided. 


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1 (D) The estimated cost and anticipated im2 plementation timeline for assistance. 

3 (E) As applicable, a description of the ar4 rangements to sustain any equipment provided 

5 by the activity beyond the completion date of 

6 such activity, if applicable, and the estimated 

7 cost and source of funds to support such 

8 sustainment. 

9 (F) The amount, type, statutory authoriza10 tion, and purpose of any United States security 

11 assistance provided to such foreign country dur12 ing the three preceding fiscal years pursuant to 

13 authorities under title 10, United States Code, 

14 the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 

15 2151 et seq.), or any other ‘‘train and equip’’ 

16 authorities of the Department of Defense. 

17 (b) COMPREHENSIVE STRATEGY FOR COUNTERTER18 RORISM EFFORTS.— 

19 (1) DEVELOPMENT.—Not later than 180 days 

20 after the date of enactment of this Act, the Sec21 retary of State, in consultation with the Secretary of 

22 Defense and the Administrator of the United States 

23 Agency for International Development, shall submit 

24 to the appropriate congressional committees a com25 prehensive, interagency strategy that— 


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1 (A) states the objectives of the United 

2 States counterterrorism effort in North and 

3 West Africa with respect to the use of all forms 

4 of United States assistance to counter violent 

5 extremism; 

6 (B) includes a plan by the Secretary of 

7 State for the manner in which programs shall 

8 be coordinated by the TSCTP pursuant to sub9 section (a)(1), including which agency or bu10 reau of the Department of State, as applicable, 

11 will be responsible for leading and coordinating 

12 each such program; and 

13 (C) outlines a plan to monitor and evaluate 

14 TSCTP programs and identifies the key indica15 tors that will be used to measure performance 

16 and progress under the strategy. 

17 (2) SUPPORTING MATERIAL IN ANNUAL BUDG18 ET REQUEST.—The Secretary of State shall include, 

19 in the budget materials submitted in support of the 

20 budget of the President (submitted to Congress pur21 suant to section 1105 of title 31, United States 

22 Code) for each fiscal year beginning after the date 

23 of the enactment of this Act, a description of the re24 quirements, activities, and planned allocation of 

25 amounts requested by the TSCTP. 


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1 (c) MONITORING AND EVALUATION OF PROGRAMS

2 AND ACTIVITIES.— 

3 (1) MONITORING AND EVALUATION.—The Sec4 retary of State, in consultation with the Secretary of 

5 Defense and the Administrator of the United States 

6 Agency for International Development, shall monitor 

7 and evaluate the programs coordinated by the 

8 TSCTP pursuant to subsection (a)(1) in accordance 

9 with the plan outlined pursuant to subsection 

10 (b)(1)(C). 

11 (2) REPORT.—For the 5-year period beginning 

12 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, 

13 the Secretary of State shall submit to the appro14 priate congressional committees an annual report on 

15 monitoring and evaluation efforts pursuant to para16 graph (1) that describes— 

17 (A) the progress made in meeting the ob18 jectives listed in the strategy required by sub19 section (b)(1), including any lessons learned in 

20 carrying out TSCTP programs and activities 

21 and any recommendations for improving such 

22 programs and activities; 

23 (B) the efforts taken to coordinate, de-con24 flict, and streamline TSCTP programs to maxi25 mize resource effectiveness; 


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1 (C) the extent to which each partner coun2 try has demonstrated the ability to absorb the 

3 equipment or training provided in the year pre4 vious under TSCTP programs, and where appli5 cable, the ability to maintain and appropriately 

6 utilize such equipment provided; 

7 (D) the extent to which each partner coun8 try is investing its own resources to advance the 

9 goals described in subsection (a)(1) or dem10 onstrated a commitment and willingness to co11 operate with the United States to advance such 

12 goals; and 

13 (E) the actions taken by the government of 

14 each partner country receiving assistance 

15 through programs coordinated by the TSCTP 

16 to combat corruption, improve transparency 

17 and accountability, and promote other forms of 

18 good governance. 

19 (d) FORM.—The strategy required by subsection 

20 (b)(1) and the report required by subsection (c)(2) shall 

21 be submitted in unclassified form but may include a classi22 fied annex. 

23 (e) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DE24 FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congres25 sional committees’’ means— 


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1 (1) the Committee on Armed Services, the 

2 Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on 

3 Appropriations, and the Permanent Select Com4 mittee on Intelligence of the House of Representa5 tives; and 

6 (2) the Committee on Armed Services, the 

7 Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on 

8 Appropriations, and the Select Committee on Intel9 ligence of the Senate. 

10 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 

11 This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Trans-Sahara Counter12 terrorism Partnership Program Act of 2020’’. 

13 SEC. 2. SENSE OF CONGRESS. 

14 It is the sense of Congress that— 

15 (1) terrorist and violent extremist organizations, 

16 such as Al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb, Boko 

17 Haram, the Islamic State of West Africa, and other 

18 affiliated groups, have killed tens of thousands of in19 nocent civilians, displaced populations, destabilized 

20 local and national governments, and caused mass 

21 human suffering in the affected communities; 

22 (2) poor governance, political and economic 

23 marginalization, and lack of accountability for 

24 human rights abuses by security forces are drivers of 

25 extremism; 


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1 (3) it is in the national security interest of the 

2 United States to combat the spread of terrorism and 

3 violent extremism and build the capacity of partner 

4 countries to combat these threats in Africa; 

5 (4) terrorist and violent extremist organizations 

6 exploit vulnerable and marginalized communities suf7 fering from poverty, lack of economic opportunity 

8 (particularly among youth populations), corruption, 

9 and weak governance; and 

10 (5) a comprehensive, coordinated interagency ap11 proach is needed to develop an effective strategy to ad12 dress the security challenges in the Sahel-Maghreb, 

13 appropriately allocate resources, de-conflict programs, 

14 and maximize the effectiveness of United States de15 fense, diplomatic, and development capabilities. 

16 SEC. 3. STATEMENT OF POLICY. 

17 It is the policy of the United States to assist countries 

18 in North and West Africa, and other allies and partners 

19 active in those regions, in combating terrorism and violent 

20 extremism through a coordinated interagency approach 

21 with a consistent strategy that appropriately balances secu22 rity activities with diplomatic and development efforts to 

23 address the political, socioeconomic, governance, and devel24 opment challenges in North and West Africa that contribute 

25 to terrorism and violent extremism. 


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1 SEC. 4. TRANS-SAHARA COUNTERTERRORISM PARTNER2 SHIP PROGRAM. 

3 (a) TRANS-SAHARA COUNTERTERRORISM PARTNER4 SHIP PROGRAM.— 

5 (1) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary of State, 

6 in consultation with the Secretary of Defense and the 

7 Administrator of the United States Agency for Inter8 national Development, shall establish a partnership 

9 program, to be known as the ‘‘Trans-Sahara Counter10 terrorism Partnership (TSCTP) Program’’ to coordi11 nate all programs, projects, and activities of the 

12 United States Government in countries in North and 

13 West Africa that are conducted for any of the fol14 lowing purposes: 

15 (A) To improve governance and the capac16 ities of countries in North and West Africa to de17 liver basic services, particularly with at-risk 

18 communities, as a means of countering terrorism 

19 and violent extremism by enhancing state legit20 imacy and authority and countering corruption. 

21 (B) To address the factors that make people 

22 and communities vulnerable to recruitment by 

23 terrorist and violent extremist organizations, in24 cluding economic vulnerability and mistrust of 

25 government and government security forces, 

26 through activities such as— 


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1 (i) supporting strategies that increase 

2 youth employment opportunities; 

3 (ii) promoting girls’ education and 

4 women’s political participation; 

5 (iii) strengthening local governance 

6 and civil society capacity; 

7 (iv) improving government trans8 parency and accountability; 

9 (v) fighting corruption; 

10 (vi) improving access to economic op11 portunities; and 

12 (vii) other development activities nec13 essary to support community resilience. 

14 (C) To strengthen the rule of law in such 

15 countries, including by enhancing the capability 

16 of the judicial institutions to independently, 

17 transparently, and credibly deter, investigate, 

18 and prosecute acts of terrorism and violent extre19 mism. 

20 (D) To improve the ability of military and 

21 law enforcement entities in partner countries to 

22 detect, disrupt, respond to, and prosecute violent 

23 extremist and terrorist activity while respecting 

24 human rights, and to cooperate with the United 


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1 States and other partner countries on counterter2 rorism and counter-extremism efforts. 

3 (E) To enhance the border security capacity 

4 of partner countries, including the ability to 

5 monitor, detain, and interdict terrorists. 

6 (F) To identify, monitor, disrupt, and 

7 counter the human capital and financing pipe8 lines of terrorism. 

9 (G) To support the free expression and op10 erations of independent, local-language media, 

11 particularly in rural areas, while countering the 

12 media operations and recruitment propaganda 

13 of terrorist and violent extremist organizations. 

14 (2) ASSISTANCE FRAMEWORK.—Activities carried 

15 out under the TSCTP Program shall— 

16 (A) be carried out in countries where the 

17 Secretary of State, in consultation with the Sec18 retary of Defense and the Administrator of the 

19 United States Agency for International Develop20 ment, determines that there is an adequate level 

21 of partner country commitment, and has consid22 ered partner country needs, absorptive capacity, 

23 sustainment capacity, and efforts of other donors 

24 in the sector; 

25 (B) have clearly defined outcomes; 


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1 (C) be closely coordinated among United 

2 States diplomatic and development missions, 

3 United States Africa Command, and relevant 

4 participating departments and agencies; 

5 (D) have specific plans with robust indica6 tors to regularly monitor and evaluate outcomes 

7 and impact; 

8 (E) complement and enhance efforts to pro9 mote democratic governance, the rule of law, 

10 human rights, and economic growth; 

11 (F) in the case of train and equip pro12 grams, complement longer-term security sector 

13 institution-building; and 

14 (G) have mechanisms in place to track re15 sources and routinely monitor and evaluate the 

16 efficacy of relevant programs. 

17 (3) CONSULTATION.—In coordinating activities 

18 through the TSCTP Program, the Secretary of State 

19 shall also consult, as appropriate, with the Director 

20 of National Intelligence, the Secretary of the Treas21 ury, the Attorney General, the Chief Executive Officer 

22 of the United States Agency for Global Media (for23 merly known as the Broadcasting Board of Gov24 ernors), and the heads of other relevant Federal deVerDate Sep 11 2014 00:45 Jun 04, 2020 Jkt 099200 PO 00000 Frm 00015 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6203 E:\BILLS\H192.RS H192

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1 partments and agencies, as determined by the Presi2 dent. 

3 (4) CONGRESSIONAL NOTIFICATION.—Not later 

4 than 15 days before obligating amounts for an activ5 ity coordinated through the TSCTP Program pursu6 ant to paragraph (1), the Secretary of State shall sub7 mit a notification to the appropriate congressional 

8 committees, in accordance with the requirements of 

9 section 634A of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 

10 (22 U.S.C. 2394–1), that includes the following: 

11 (A) The foreign country and entity, as ap12 plicable, whose capabilities are to be enhanced in 

13 accordance with the purposes specified in para14 graph (1). 

15 (B) The amount, type, and purpose of sup16 port to be provided. 

17 (C) An assessment of the absorptive capac18 ity of the foreign country to effectively imple19 ment the assistance to be provided. 

20 (D) The anticipated implementation 

21 timeline for the activity. 

22 (E) As applicable, a description of the plans 

23 to sustain any military or security equipment 

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1 tivity, and the estimated cost and source of funds 

2 to support such sustainment. 

3 (b) INTERNATIONAL COORDINATION.—Efforts carried 

4 out under this section shall take into account partner coun5 try counterterrorism, counter-extremism, and development 

6 strategies and, to the extent practicable, shall be aligned 

7 with such strategies. Such efforts shall be coordinated with 

8 counterterrorism and counter-extremism activities and pro9 grams in the areas of defense, diplomacy, and development 

10 carried out by other like-minded donors and international 

11 organizations in the relevant country. 

12 (c) STRATEGIES.— Not later than 180 days after the 

13 date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, 

14 in consultation with the Secretary of Defense and the Ad15 ministrator of the United States Agency for International 

16 Development and other relevant Federal Government agen17 cies, shall submit to the appropriate congressional commit18 tees the following strategies: 

19 (1) A COMPREHENSIVE FIVE-YEAR STRATEGY

20 FOR THE SAHEL-MAGHREB.—A comprehensive five21 year strategy for the Sahel-Maghreb, including details 

22 related to whole-of-government efforts in the areas of 

23 defense, diplomacy, and development to advance the 

24 national security, economic, and humanitarian inter25 ests of the United States, including— 


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1 (A) efforts to ensure coordination with mul2 tilateral and bilateral partners, such as the Joint 

3 Force of the Group of Five of the Sahel, and with 

4 other relevant assistance frameworks; 

5 (B) a public diplomacy strategy and ac6 tions to ensure that populations in the Sahel7 Maghreb are aware of the development activities 

8 of the United States Government, especially in 

9 countries with a significant Department of De10 fense presence or engagement through train and 

11 equip programs; 

12 (C) activities aimed at supporting demo13 cratic institutions and countering violent extre14 mism with measurable goals and transparent 

15 benchmarks; 

16 (D) plans to help each partner country ad17 dress humanitarian and development needs and 

18 to help prevent, respond to, and mitigate inter19 communal violence; 

20 (E) a comprehensive plan to support secu21 rity sector reform in each partner country that 

22 includes a detailed section on programs and ac23 tivities being undertaken by relevant stakeholders 

24 and other international actors operating in the 

25 sector; and 


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1 (F) a specific strategy for Mali that in2 cludes plans for sustained, high-level diplomatic 

3 engagement with stakeholders, including coun4 tries in Europe and the Middle East with inter5 ests in the Sahel-Maghreb, regional governments, 

6 relevant multilateral organizations, signatory 

7 groups of the 2015 Agreement for Peace and Rec8 onciliation in Mali, and civil society actors. 

9 (2) A COMPREHENSIVE FIVE-YEAR STRATEGY

10 FOR TSCTP PROGRAM COUNTERTERRORISM EF11 FORTS.—A comprehensive five-year strategy for the 

12 TSCTP Program that includes— 

13 (A) a clear statement of the objectives of 

14 United States counterterrorism efforts in North 

15 and West Africa with respect to the use of all 

16 forms of United States assistance to combat ter17 rorism and counter violent extremism, including 

18 efforts to build military and civilian law en19 forcement capacity, strengthen the rule of law, 

20 promote responsive and accountable governance, 

21 and address the root causes of terrorism and vio22 lent extremism; 

23 (B) a plan for coordinating programs 

24 through the TSCTP Program pursuant to sub25 section (a)(1), including an identification of 


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1 which agency or bureau of the Department of 

2 State, as applicable, will be responsible for lead3 ing and coordinating each such program; 

4 (C) a plan to monitor, evaluate, and share 

5 data and learning about the TSCTP Program in 

6 accordance with monitoring and evaluation pro7 visions of sections 3 and 4 of the Foreign Aid 

8 Transparency and Accountability Act of 2016 

9 (Public Law 114–191); and 

10 (D) a plan for ensuring coordination and 

11 compliance with related requirements in United 

12 States law, including the Global Fragility Act of 

13 2019 (title V of division J of Public Law 116– 

14 94). 

15 (d) SUPPORTING MATERIAL IN ANNUAL BUDGET RE16 QUEST.—The Secretary of State shall include in the budget 

17 materials submitted to Congress in support of the Presi18 dent’s annual budget request (submitted to Congress pursu19 ant to section 1105 of title 31, United States Code) for each 

20 fiscal year beginning after the date of the enactment of this 

21 Act and annually thereafter for five years, a description 

22 of the requirements, activities, and planned allocation of 

23 amounts requested by the TSCTP Program. 

24 (e) MONITORING AND EVALUATION OF PROGRAMS AND

25 ACTIVITIES.—Not later than one year after the date of the 


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1 enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter for five 

2 years, the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Sec3 retary of Defense and the Administrator of the United 

4 States Agency for International Development, shall submit 

5 to the appropriate congressional committees a report that 

6 describes— 

7 (1) the progress made in meeting the objectives 

8 of the strategies required under paragraphs (1) and 

9 (2) of subsection (c), including any lessons learned in 

10 carrying out TSCTP Program activities and any rec11 ommendations for improving such programs and ac12 tivities; 

13 (2) the efforts taken to coordinate, de-conflict, 

14 and streamline TSCTP Program activities to maxi15 mize resource effectiveness; 

16 (3) the extent to which each partner country has 

17 demonstrated the ability to absorb the equipment or 

18 training provided in the previous year under the 

19 TSCTP Program, and where applicable, the ability to 

20 maintain and appropriately utilize such equipment; 

21 (4) the extent to which each partner country is 

22 investing its own resources to advance the goals de23 scribed in subsection (a)(1) or is demonstrating a 

24 commitment and willingness to cooperate with the 

25 United States to advance such goals; 


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1 (5) the actions taken by the government of each 

2 partner country receiving assistance under the 

3 TSCTP Program to combat corruption, improve 

4 transparency and accountability, and promote other 

5 forms of democratic governance; 

6 (6) the assistance provided in each of the three 

7 preceding fiscal years under this program, broken 

8 down by partner country, to include the type, statu9 tory authorization, and purpose of all United States 

10 security assistance provided to the country pursuant 

11 to authorities under title 10, United States Code, the 

12 Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151 et 

13 seq.), or any other ‘‘train and equip’’ authorities of 

14 the Department of Defense; and 

15 (7) any changes or updates to the Comprehensive 

16 Five-Year Strategy for the TSCTP Program required 

17 under paragraph (2) of subsection (c) necessitated by 

18 the findings in this annual report. 

19 (f) FORM.—The strategies required under paragraphs 

20 (1) and (2) of subsection (c) and the report required by sub21 section (e) shall be submitted in unclassified form but may 

22 include a classified annex. 

23 (g) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DE24 FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congres25 sional committees’’ means— 


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1 (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the 

2 Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on Ap3 propriations, and the Select Committee on Intel4 ligence of the Senate; and 

5 (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Com6 mittee on Armed Services, the Committee on Appro7 priations, and the Permanent Select Committee on 

8 Intelligence of the House of Representatives. 


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Calendar No. 475 

116TH CONGRESS 

2D SESSION H. R. 192 

AN ACT 

To establish an interagency program to assist counrorist threats, and for other purposes. diate and long-term capabilities to counter ter- tries in North and West Africa to improve immeJUNE 3, 2020 

Reported with an amendment 


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