## a3

**OFFICE OF**  **THE ATTORNEY**  **GENERAL OF**  **TEXAS AUSTIN** 

lonorablo too. 1). Dart oount Attorney lend@ 1 oaunty I noertm, T'rxrr

iollovm1

**r th0**  PO~OO iin ea the Jurtiaa l thd b0r0m l m.ttb to and 10 per aent oom~Irslon on
C. S. authorlcmr the Justiae ior aonterpt 0r oourt.

c. ?. 917, rent. of a J&ice of thm **Peaoe** ehall **read1** rote forth hor thm {$8X;. 

## the atats 0r Texas 

## recover 0r the

## derendant the iin0 andcoLaa,etc.’ AndArt. 919 provider for the i8ruancr 0r an sxsoutlon ror the collection 0r the 

## fine and c0h. Art. 950 C. C. P’.prorid.8 that the CountyAttorney shall be l ntltled&omblo Joe. l

. hrt, ?ago 2

to t0a per 0-t or all 

### rin08, r0rrdtu~0 

### 0~ m0a0ym 001100t0d r0r us btm 09 ani7 0-w, upon judgmoatoroaovore4 **br hlr.**  Art. 1068 provl4eo that tho rttornrr re noantlng tho btatm mhall reaeive 0 roe 0r P5.00 on a plea 0r guilty brror80 JuotioeCoort. 

### 9h0 0rm00 0r aontempt 

### 0r ootrrt 

### ~anot be lotked on oo aaflhing but l orlainol aooa, sad It appearsto ma that theJustice should proceed ao In my other arlrlaal moo and require paynent of tho aoats. OnUorch 6, 1941, wevroto you requootlag l ddltlonal Lpioromtlon rslrtlro to the quootlons stated l bovo, and In aomgee thorovlth, on April 5, 1941, rou vroto, la port, QOrolvhlo vu0 oaoo IO. 1904, in Justice court Ib. Oae?reolact, Kendall County.
*Oct. 26th, 1950, John Cohn vao arrested la Kond~ll County for huntIag vlthout a llaease* Vhe aomploint vao ill84 by 8111 Oarntt, Qu, **Vardaa,** and the a888 vao docketed as fa. l87G oa the Justice **Doakot** at Praciaat lo. oaa. herertter 8 varmnt vao loouod and ooat to A. 1. Hitrrel4er, OaaeVardea la Boxsr oouaty. Nr. lklttrrlder rem04 tha warrant but 4ld aot take boa4 from Oohnor brlq hln to Booma, la Euotloo Proolaat So. Oao, but aoorpto4Cohn80promIs* to appear b0r0m the Juotlao

l t ODOI.

llothlng morevao hear4 or Mr. Cohnuatll lOM tiw In lob-v, 1951, vhen llr. Oarrett request&d oa l lloo vorroat. Hr. Utofeldor m&decontact olth HF. Cohn and Nr. Cohnlmmediatel~ oue up to Boerno o.ndplead guilty to the ohm-go. In tho oouroe or the oonvoroatloa Cohavoo token to **task** by **the** Juotlao, Hon. t. **A.** Dreloo, oad Oohnendeavored to argue vlth the Court, oa the question or Cohnto failure to keep his promise in the hunting vlthout lloonoo oaoe.

‘Be juotloe, not viohlng to hear the.

gaorablo Joe. L Dart, ?rgo 3

orgummato,(this V&O aa orgumoat bard oa Cohn’s ooatoatloa that ho ho4 dono all hm rho8114 40 la thepremloeo) toldOohn that ho hh4n.t ohovn rmohroopeot for thm oourt 

### vhmahmrdhd **to** appmar briorm 

### and that that amt oouplm4vlth hlo attomt to argue the queotloa ooaotituted aoatempt 0r oourt ~4abm~5~~~4~ t0 

### riab hir r0r **00ntmt**

. Art1010 2386, Yeraoato Annotated Civil 8tmtutem reads, 

### inpart,as r0ii~0:

“JUtlaeo of the pee08 shall oloo have 

### paver:

“1. 30 punish say party guilt7 of a oontempt of oourt by tine not to exoeod tveatyfive dolloro and by tiprttooa8eat not **rxaeed lag**  **oao 4a.I.** **’ Oontempto** or oourt are olooolflm4 as direot and lo lndirect or aoaotruotlve, the test being vhethe~ the ooateapt voo orfarad vlthla or out of tho preoonam Of th0 oourt. this dirtlnatloa lo **lnportant** from the proomdurol 8toadpolatI dlreot oontewto armpunlohoblo oumorIl~, vhIle oonotruotlve ooatellpto require a dlttwaat and looo draotloproomoo. **3** 8. Y. (24) **4061**Lx parto, Robertson, (rtx art0 mtiirr, 11 8. W. **6693.**
A oonterpt aorritted In thmprmoeaoo of thm aourt lo 4onoainatod

### a directooatempt. A ooaotruotlvm aoaterpt IO o8Id t0h pil

0t 40~0,not in th0 P~OO~O~ 0~ h4bwng 0r th0 00wt, but at l dietonce, an aat vhloh tmndoto belittle, to degrade, **or obotruat,**  **interrupt,** prevent or **ombarraoo**the admlnlotratlon or juotlce. **182** 9. w. **313**

I llx pa-to Vogler, **9** 8. Y. (2d) **7331**Ex pa-to Dunoan,

. Under another clao@itlc8tIoa, contempt8 are regarded as civil or orlrlnal. Thooo proceedings inotltuted oolol~ ror the purpooo of vlndIaatlng the dIgnIt of the oourt are orimlnal.

Fromthe facto etated In your letter It lo apparent that the oontompt vao oomnitted la the presence of the oourt, therefore, earningvlthin the dsflnltloa of a direct contempt. It further oppeoro that the oontempt proceeding voo instituted solely ror the purpose of rlndloatlng the dignity 05 the court andvould br olooolfIed lo a crialnol contoqpt l loo.fonorrble Joe, 

### l

. krt, hgo 4

VI quot. rm Tmxrm Jurlopru4eacr, Vol. **9, 9.**  **618,** noa. **33,** l0 r0uo+0f

'Coat-t proome4lago are ewrtlr rmgarded am0rIalnal la their nrtwo won vhmn

### l rlolag ln olvll rotlano. It Ia mid that oven in romrdlrl contuo9to 0r the mildest 

### oharaoter

**thorr** 

### is**the** 

### l

ooeatial 14~ 

### 0r coattmocy, vllful dloobedlonor of ordora and daore00 rde in th0 rdminiotration 0r juotioe. mm 0rrra00 10 against the oAmlnlotration 0r justloo ma4rgelnot 

### l oolmtf, aa hmom It lr9lleo arimla8lltp. Onthis theory tho prooeedlngo should ooaSormas nurly oo pooolblo to prooeedlngo in erlrlnol aooeo. l l 

### l

. But oontempt procoedlage 8~ not oriminal oooeo vithia all the rule8 end drllnltlono 

### 0r crlainal lav. They ai’8 arid to be of a orlmlnal aotur4 beomuor they ore not properly oivll suits, andbecause they lnvolvo the idea of thr punishment of unauthorlomd sots. They bra netters au1 gemrio. lor is b oon

### ttmpt of oourt M ofreaoe vlthln the moaning 0r the pens1 oode.* rho oaoa 0r Casey vs. state, **25** tex. **Rep. 381,**  **uoag** othrr things, holds la efroot thmt a ooatmt or oourt lm not UL orrmaoe vithin the ~ouhg 0r the ?o~l code. Oontmmptm 8ro rttmro oui geaerlo, sad not orirlrul oaooo In the omnme ln vhiah orlmoo are treated b7 vrltmro upon ori8laoJ lrv. Whmy armma14tobe of a orhlaal natarm, bmcauaoThor uo not pro9erly oIvll oulto, and booauoo thq involvm thmIdea of the pualohment or uaauthorlred mote.

we quota from the above nontloaed ~008 08 rOllOV8C
l4 + +, Ifa contempt, then, IO not an QffeaOo rithia the meaning of the panol oodc, Che lava vh:ch regulate It are not repmlod by the **code** of criminal procedure. Ybat, then, 1s an ofrenso? As defined by the penal oode, it $10 III act or omlsslon forbidden by poaltive law, and to vhich lo annexed, on oonvlction, my punishment prescribed in this oode,’ A ooatempt oonnot COBO vithln this definltloa beoause no pualohaeat IO preoarlbed f’orit In thmoodm. BeoIdeo thlm, l oontellpt lo defined. loaonbl. 800. 8. D’rt, **Puo** 5

to k ‘a villful 4lom l 4 or 4loobo4lonoo of b pub110 authorltT. 

## 4 m0 b 0r 00at0m 4000 Zvhk Zih%0 pwvim 0r

l it&r 0r tha 004m0. ft r00t0 uponits ovn9oaullmlty’, u&4vhllr it OUI not be o&l4to bo otrlotlf vlthla **thm** mngr of thm 01~11la+, it lo 

### equal44lotlnat fwm lam nlat Toa mats. Trtu v. to orlmbr aad ptmlahSlag, 9 JahBm.395: 9h0 otatutos lm l llont sagudlng the praao4uro upon adtmmat ior oonte&, It lo said that **swrormnoo uot**  **bo ha4**  to the oomon Iav an4 ouch lodifloatlono amarmroua4 in the pnoedont l

vallablo. Whenone lo 

## l dJu4gm4**to bo**  ln oonte@, the hot of aoatroveroy should be booortalno4 and drttmmiaa4, and thlo adju4laatlon should bo l aterod In the rinut.8 of the Oourt, and a vrit or oomltment looue4 thereon, ror it has bman unlronly held that I8prloonment tor contempt vi11 not bo tolorated oa a nre vrrbol order of the judge. g, p, 632; Rx (tax, Jur., Vol. loo 8, w. 376.P

arte MaOrav, 277 **8. Y.**  **6$91 Xx**  parto Andrevs,
Theordinary fom Ofju4gmimtlo that the p8rty be cdttwl to jail until the fine an4 oooto are paid. Robertson, 11 8. W, 669). (Rx part0 Hovever,Artlole 2386, l upra, the statute under vhlah the procording vao brought door not authorirr the taxing of ooato la ouoh prooae4ing0, nor no othrr statute that ve have been l bla to find l

uthorlo~o tha taxing or oooto vhen the prooeedlng lo under Artlole 2386. Therefore, ve onover your first qumatlon in the aog~tlva.

**As** above **stats&** a oontmpt of oourt **IO not**  ‘aa **oiroaoe** rlthln the ama* Of the Penal Cod., aad thm l tbtuteo Oi the **Oode** of Crlmlnal Procedi~ro oitrd in your letter, prwl4ing ror aomloolono, ire8 ror the attorney repreoentlqg the btatm, rtc. are not applicable, because they provide compensation ror oertsln **oerrlceo** rendered **in c~oeo**  involving oftenses vlthin the rsanlng 0r th0 PIMI ~040. mmreroro, Tour second quaotlon lo **reopcct** fully onavered in the nogatlre.

TruotLng that the ioNgoing fully anovoro your inquiry, ve are

APPROVEI-APR12, 1941 **Yours very**  **truly**
**ATTORREY**OBRERU O? Tlixk8

ATTORNEY GEWRAL Or' TEXAS
**AWRB**