! !" 




#


$%
&

		

	
		
	
	
	
	





  	 
  
 	 

	














	






	

 


  
 
    

  

  	  


  

 !  


"


	

		

	
		
	
	
	
		

	
		
	
	
	



 
	  



	









 	 	


		  !	  "


	 
  #

$

 

 	  
  #

"%%%	& '

		

	 (



			 )

  *


+,+


	   "

 
  #


	 	  '

 	  *

	-		  "%

	
$	 
			 "

 
"

 "#

  ."'

 
/"0

		 1/1$	 			"(


 
2  "*



	  "3

4
	  "3


 
	  #*


 !
	


	



















	


























	 
!





 









	
"


#
 $%



	











&!%"'

	

(

'	)

&!%"




*

	



 
%
) %*



''+,,-!&././..,




0

























	



 






	




	








	













1




	

	







	
2



1



	











	

	
 






 
%


1













3

4 
"





5
6





















 



7
&8	

5	
!	 
"



9+

/...

4 

#
:






$
	






















!

;



 
"



%,

/...

4 

$

 
	
 


"
:










+.














 

<:

!$
(


%=8
>8




 
"

 

	

#
?/...

4 
 	


&


 	



!




!









+@













1



 

<

'

"!



 	


 
<'

	



"



+A/...

	



	

	
		









	
	

	
	



		

	
		
	
	
	




	

 


/.	



 
%
) %*1










	

















 %



















































	

&


 %B

/@






@	


@.



+.	







	
 %




	











0

0








 %




	
 %








 


 

 










B
C
1













 
 













'

	!

'	

	 
$


;

1%
















3<<



<
	

 
 



 

)9.+*??A+9D@%





+,-+








	



3<<

<
<
E












	
 %

	












0


	

	
	









/...
	6








	






	













	





/...

	







@

	

	


1	


	









	


 




	









6







"
!





$

:
F%



!






(








G

	



G


	 














G
	

	






	

























1







1






6


	

	
		
	
	
	






	


	










	





 




8

5




8

%
8

 ;




$1

















G



	
	











"


'
	G	











G


1	




	



 






&	

	0	




	






	















	








G






G






	














	G








		
C

B




%


C



1


0	














	



	







%		


		



0	




	






	

	




	




%


C




	
1 





















	

















C



0







	


	





;







	

	



	


	




1










	

















	








C


6











	





	





















	


1

C






C6



	








C



C



	




	

		

	
		
	
	
	

!		"

#	


	

%







	6

 %









	




















$
	&
B8

$
)$&8*

	


"


#




&

	2
)&2*


&

	2
%
)&2%*


	





	 
!



 






 %









	











6



%


 
!
)% !*




%


 
 
)% * $%



F


 


!
)F !*



6





6
















 %


1

1



0
 


$






	



 

:

	
) :*

$		"





!


















	
 %B



	



0








	

 













	























	










H



	
 :+)
* :9)




	*





B


















	




























	



 $%


 %
&2







%












H



	

	




	











	


%


	

H





	






	



















	H

	




	
	
 %






	H




	



 
 






	



 
 

 



		

	
		
	
	
	


		

	
		
	
	
	

	

&







	

/...






+.

+,,,




+./



	






1














C



+,,.



C


+,,,




+./




+.

	











C


+..


	





+,,/

A@
+,,9AA


;



+,,,
	
B









	












C








+,,."




+,,,/...
+.	







/9

2











@	

+.




	


	







+,,/+,,9) 


+*






+,,,

/... 
		

	
		
	
	
	

;

















/.	











	


















	











	 $%




+,,,;



	












	




















6
%





	










+.	














	






	













/..+


/...



D?






9-



) 
/*%









@,












@













&







9.











A











+

	




	






9






		

	
		
	
	
	






"



+./



,A






@
	




+.





/.../
C




	




	





G/









1


	




1
	
	








	


G/



1




C
G/





1


	

1	
	

1











G/


!




1










The average years of

experience for a firefighter that

died in 2000 was 15 1/2.

Table 1.

Multiple Firefighter

Fatality Incidents

Year

2000

1999

1998

1997

1996

Number

of

Incidents

Total

Number

Deaths

5

6

10

8

3

10

22

22

17

8


		

	
		
	
	
	


 













/...+-/...





D








)/













+-*



C



+,,,



















1


	

1	


	

1










G9



1













	


G/





1





+


1


1


1
0









0&



	










C
=


>G+

1


C

















1







1


C

G+

1







1












	



1G+




1


G+

1
	




%
F

)%F*








(


1




B


1







	






%F

Table 2.

Firefighter Deaths Associated with

Wildland Fire Fighting

Year

2000

1999

1998

1997

1996

Total

Number

Deaths

18

28

13

9

5


		

	
		
	
	
	

	 


/...A/
	











	


A+



+./


) 
9*












	




	











	






	



9.
)/,



*



	





















	
%@	























		





9

In 2000, ten firefighters were

killed while working on the

scene of arson-caused fires.

Table 3.

Emergency Duty

Firefighter Deaths

Year

2000

1999

1998

1997

1996

Percentage

of all

Deaths

71%

87%

77%

81%

72%


		

	
		
	
	
	





		

	





/...
?


	

 
?%

	


















?+







?./








@?

+,,,?D



+,,-??

+,,A&
?+




	

+9)+?*



1








&






-
	C
,

D


/



)*&
















		
	


+




C


!F%)
1
*
























	






	



	






	



+,,9/...+D

+,

























Table 4.

2000 Firefighter Deaths by Type of Duty

Type of Duty

Fireground Operations

Responding/Returning

from Alarm

Other On-Duty

Training

Non-Fire Emergencies

After an Incident

Total

Number

of

Percent

of Deaths

41

19

16

13

11

2

102

40.2%

18.6%

15.7%

12.7%

10.8%

2%

100%

	
		

	
		
	
	
	

&
+,











+9

0
D




1
0



9






















G+

1





0



1


G+



1




	


1




G+



1



H




11	
GD





1




G+



1
















D





1

















1

	








	
G+






1




1

G+






1
























G+


C



1






	
1














+D





	






A






1

	





+







	






1
















/





1





	


1










&




1



1























0	%



	

1




1	

%:



 
 )%: *








+



1




1






















1&










=


>


/...+9



C




	



C




+,,,



/...
A


13 





1
	

In 2000, twelve firefighters

died while responding to

incidents and seven died while

returning from incidents.

Table 5.

Firefighter Deaths While

Responding to or Returning

from an Accident

Year

2000

1999

1998

1997

1996

Total

Number

Deaths

19

26

14

20

22



		

	
		
	
	
	



+






1+






	

+	



1










G+


	








G+



1
1
)

*



G

+

1

1
0








0&




1


;%




















1









0


'



















	
2
1





1
D








/...













	


1












G+






1












G+






1










G+






1




C






C



G+






1
	

















&

























9





1





	

1	













+





!F%)
1
*







	





/...







&



















0



0











B
//	

0	&







1













Table 6.

Firefighter Deaths

During Training

Year

2000

1999

1998

1997

1996

Number of

Firefighter

Deaths

13

3

12

5

6


		

	
		
	
	
	


%&	
%

 

'

	 


 
@










		

	;































C


	




















/.../@




























,A








-










		

	
		
	
	
	
















	






		











	

















	









	








	




















)




*






















	( 


C	







	




	



	







0

















































)









* 
D








1




	















	


 	




1




++




'+







+
!F%)
1
*












		

	
		
	
	
	


	


")

%
	

=

0	>






1








	
0	






0	>







0	










	






%0		
















/...










%







1





1

1






1

0	




0	


=1	
>





0	
=>

	



	














=<
>	










=>









 :	



 
A



	



0	

G
A



C


Table 7.

Cause of Fatal Injury - 2000

Table 7.

Cause of Fatal Injury - 2000

Cause

Stress or

Overexertion

Collision

Caught or Trapped

Struck by

Fell or Jumped

Assault

Contact with

Total

Cause

Stress or

Overexertion

Collision

Caught or Trapped

Struck by

Fell or Jumped

Assault

Contact with

Total

Number Percent

45

21

16

9

6

3

2

102

45

21

16

9

6

3

2

102

44.1%

20.6%

15.7%

8.8%

5.9%

2.9%

2.0%

100%

44.1%

20.6%

15.7%

8.8%

5.9%

2.9%

2.0%

100%


		

	
		
	
	
	

%


	





	






C



	
??+













+,,A


?/D
	
B









 

C

	

	
11
	






		





	















1&
?@



/...?+






1/

!F%B)
1
*

/















C


=

>
















0





	





1


/...


	



++


+,,,	














+,,,





-
/...



	





/...


&





!





C
%




1

 


C

%








1





	





11







1
/...













1











	









G9














1




G+

1




%F









1



G+






1




G@




























0
/...







+D


Table 8.

Deaths Caused by Stress

Or Overexertion

Year

2000

1999

1998

1997

1996

Number

Percentage

of all

Deaths

45

54

42

40

47

41%

49%

46%

42.6%

50.0%

The median age of a firefighter

killed as the driver in a collision

was 29; the median age for all

firefighter deaths was 47.


		

	
		
	
	
	

&

	


/...







0




C








	






B



1
%


C



1








































&













G+















1
G+

























1


	





	






G?





1








	




G/



1










H1	






G


1



H

















C








	










!





!



























8
1	
0









0
/...



,




	?



1
	


1








+



1	









	
&


1




1	%: 








%: 

G+

11
	














;%





G+



1


1	




+/...

1
C






G+

1




1	











2
1







1






C




	

0





Table 9.

Deaths Caused by Being

Caught or Trapped

Year

2000

1999

1998

1997

1996

Number

Percentage

of all

Deaths

16

11

16

11

7

15.7%

10%

18%

11.7%

7.4%


		

	
		
	
	
	






1





	




1









&













0
G









10	2









&








0












0	G
0	






	


&













1
0



C

G+

1







	
1














1











1

	









	








	




1






	
&


1



=


>



%




	





















1


	





C

















%












1	


	

1







		

	
		
	
	
	

#

	


")


+. 
-





+./
	




0	








/...


1


?+






 
,




1




1		

	 







1





D







D













	







	






+,,,1







C


+,,-




1




	


+





Table 10.

Nature of Fatal Injury - 2000

Nature

Heart Attack

Internal Trauma

Asphyxiation

Burns

CVA/Stroke

Electrocution

Internal Hemorrhage

Pneumonia

Total

Number Percent

41

36

13

6

2

2

1

1

102

40%

35%

13%

6%

2%

2%

1%

1%

100%


		

	
		
	
	
	















9D




++

1



G-



1

GA



1	




G?

1
	
G/















G+







G+











G+

1	






1
G+

1	









0	

%	C















+9
)




+/*





/...

C












	C
&



	C


/

C







+





"

 









	C


/...3+


1






+




	
C


	













Table 11.

Internal Trauma

Firefighter Deaths

Year

2000

1999

1998

1997

1996

Number of

Firefighter

Deaths

36

25

27

32

32

Table 12.

Firefighter Deaths

Due to Asphyxiation

Year

2000

1999

1998

1997

1996

Number of

Firefighter

Deaths

13

16

15

15

5

	
		

	
		
	
	
	

*+

 
+.





	





0	I









1
	




0


0


















	























1
!F%
	/...@/ 






1!F%


/A


-.%



 
+.









?+?@

	/...@.@.



	

1
!F%


0	
	C
&








	

1
!F%

0	
	C


		

	
		
	
	
	



	

								

									

										 

,$	
-	!




 







/@


/...




















+9







	C


	
%
	




















/+



+?













@	
:





	

A.
-.
















	


2
	

H
	






















	+
.



+@ 
++
	







?+








	



3?+
+./



Table 13.

Structural Fire Fighting Deaths

By Fixed Property Use

Fixed Property Use

Residential

Commercial

Manufacturing

Number Percent

21

3

1

84%

12%

4%

Table 14.

Firefighter Deaths in

Residential Occupancies

Year

2000

1999

1998

1997

1996

Number of

Firefighter

Deaths

21

23

17

16

19
		

	
		
	
	
	



0
























1



'



+9



1





G+



G+

C



	

1


1



1

C

	
1




























1

	















	




1









	





&







1




	
G+














G+

1


%F














%

1




1	


	1







	


	%










	
	0	














 




1
?










 




1


	




	1
















	




G/


C



1







G+







C



1

1
)

*







 






1






1	1

	

1










G+



1


6


	










G;	




1













=
>


	




Table 16.

Firefighter Deaths in Fire

Attack/Advancing Hoselines

Year

2000

1999

1998

1997

1996

Number of

Firefighter

Deaths

13

16

18

21

9

Table 15.

Type of Activity - 2000

Nature

Advancing Hoselines/

Fire Attack

Support Duties

Flying Aircraft

Water Supply

Cutting Fire Breaks

(Wildland)

Ventilation

Search and Rescue

Other

Total

Number Percent

13

7

5

5

4

3

2

2

41

32%

17%

12%

12%

10%

7%

5%

5%

100%

		

	
		
	
	
	

F


	



	9




/...%
C














G








1

















C








1

	







% 













	













8




	

















	



	%




!


	
C




1

C







1


G

7
1	



!F%)
1
*















	")




/...









	

0	




 
+/)











*






 !"#$
%$"$&'


&
 (


		

	
		
	
	
	

	
	
/


 
+9



	


	


 



1
%+@
&







0


















		

	
		
	
	
	

!



0	







	



+A	

$

:




+

	
C






++


	$
	- 
+?






	






	












 
+?





































;


	

	
			





		
	

		
		

				


		

	
		
	
	
	














	
/...

+
	-'
10
1!''
$













8


!


=>






/@..
	




:

	
	





	


1




	










	
!
8

















		

	
		
	
	
	

 






	

	











 

C






6
	









	








	





6






























	





	











/...










































	





Table 18.

Firefighter Deaths by Coverage Area Type

Firefighter

Deaths

Urban/

Suburban

Federal or State

Parks/Wildland Rural Total

48 42 12 102

Table 17.

2000 - States with On-Duty

Firefighter Fatalities

State Number

of Deaths

Alabama

Alaska

Arizona

Arkansas

California

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

Florida

Georgia

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan

Mississippi

Missouri

Nevada

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New Mexico

New York

North Carolina

Ohio

Oklahoma

Pennsylvania

South Dakota

Tennessee

Texas

Utah

Vermont

Virginia

West Virginia

Wyoming

Puerto Rico

Total

2

1

1

1

4

1

4

1

3

2

5

2

3

1

4

1

1

1

1

3

1

5

1

1

3

1

5

6

3

4

8

1

2

11

3

1

1

1

1

1

102


		

	
		
	
	
	

#2-!"#!


	
/...

	





%
B


+./

/...











++/



+,,,2









F






/...



(


	1



















%

	







+.



/...%

1













%
	









-

/...



	










+.


 %











3

%/@




	




@	


%@.




	




+.	





1





/...G


1







?+


	
/...

&

@	

1


1
/+9




H1



































C





1


1














1






















'	





1




	




















	

0	



6









C


1








	




$%




'	

C











		

	
		
	
	
	

	

3(+0++4!






	






1

	




#	++,,D


"


9+/...

2
11

?



	+.





	
@	

/+9







1


?9



?,?











	
		

	
		
	
	
	







1
@	





/?
,.










	

1

@9	
+
/-	

2
1



1





 
+,,D
/...
1

	

	








	C


)







//+
	C

*




3

+


5


&




11




















	 
	
1




	









C

	


1 








0
	








1







C


	









B
	







1

In 2000, thirteen firefighters who

died of heart attacks had a

previous history of heart disease,

heart attacks, or bypass surgery.



		

	
		
	
	
	

 
+,,D
/...A9







1








		








1














	


0







	



&	
3

+


5 



2
11










+?D


DA








1
+,,D
/...







?D



	





9-





	
















05

	+	


3



 


%


%
2
%

)%2%*






1




1


1

1



3

56

 






+@





)
*







1
1
%




	
C
	?/




+,D@2




	




	





1




1



1



7
 7
28

2

















	




































	





1



8













1





1








1


		

	
		
	
	
	

$79




1






	

1
		
	




1

	












15


		




9.
@.





















7

%


%













+@.
'C



	






5:

"

	


	







	









+.
%
%

@


%





1








	































0
	



















 

 	

$




$








&



	2
)&2*







1
3

+&
+	4






?@

1
!



	%
	"

)!%"*$



	
	
!%"


1

47$
:


2








1








		

	
		
	
	
	

3	
3

+


5'

$.
















1



%




	
	













1





6




4


	





1











1
%2%


%2%


	







3<<





%2%










=&

7>$

















	1

C
	+@




	




	

%2%




	



	


	




I

%2%




	




	
1





	





	








	

	


















1












%2%








!

%






%2%









9:;


1
	



	


	




	

	




	



C








	1




	





&




1




1

	








1
















%




H
	 $%

+@-/	






















	


C




	










		

	
		
	
	
	




1

	
1









	








		











	H







		

%




1

H
	




H
	


	
	





H
	



1






B


%

C

H



	9

	




/,
G




	/	




9.
9,G



		




?.

%

	




C



 $%+@-/

H






C























H












	



C













6

 $%+@..











H














6






1


H









1









%






1
H




	
















	
	








2






1

6
3
%
!




	
%
5%



!





6










%



J
1%
$




%
5%
















6










1







1





























=
1

>

In 2000, 32 of the 102

firefighters that died had never

been given a departmentsponsored medical exam.


		

	
		
	
	
	









H
1<
1






+	



1

 


1




1



C
	

1







1

+@	

1





7


'
	

1












C




		

	

















/..


)<*









15





/?.<



1%+.
























	




	9.



%







/?.<


1
	


1









/..<I











	


	






	






C
9.
?.
9


1







	
	





	







%










	














%2%%
	








%2%











3<<




<


<
0

$797

 $%+@..
H








	










H












	



 $%+@-9












H











	









		

	
		
	
	
	


	










	


%


 
!


)% !*


%


 


 
)% *



1
















!












% !!







% 



% 

5:47$
:


51





	

















C










	




%
"



%










	




%2%

!	
3

+


5

"	

	

"

+
	




/...






C


1

	




6
	














	

	
1



 








1




1





1


1






	






'	

1

	





	










	

'	



1





1



66







	









		







	


	









1











	










	







1




1

%
C




K



	


1









1





K





%
2
!
8






'	2
%1!
$


)'2%!*!










		

	
		
	
	
	

!		+
	
"	

	






-..%!/9?@






5

+A.+
8





%
CF%//9++

-..9?//9-9







4


!



A/A/(


%



"LA@/9+

-..%2%%+







2:

+-?.8
	


I
1I+..+,

-..@-D?-A/




424.$ $2"%%<47$8

47
:



"


2
2





&

"

$


2
$




:

A9-(2
2
	8

/..



%

;

;
"!/./.+

/.//.@-@-9



<
	


<



=	

7=

?./@ :
"


 CF%//.99/-D-





		

	
		
	
	
	


=	
	7


+A@.
I
1%

;

;
"!/...D




746
$
78

%
2
!



$"
	;
!

	!
	


8

"/+//,

?+.9D-9/..





"( "+("$++0(+!

'
		





1
























C







H

	
/...






	



C




C



	
1








	












	









/...




	




























"( "+("$++0(+678!(+9(2

-!(






/...

'	






	1













































39











/...


		

	
		
	
	
	













6







0







/...A











1










0


 




3

1


















%

	






'


















H



	

	




$



	



















	







"( "+("$++0(+68$+!! (&"(

-!(





/...

%$%


	










B














B!8%
























































	





H
$%



G




H
	 $%+@..










$%





	









!

8
%)!8%*


G


$%




	







!8%&
$%










!8%
	


	


G



1





)*

$%





'	











	
$%


=
>

	
		

	
		
	
	
	






/...














	
$%




'



	1









	



$%






:

	







%$%










	

















		

$%













$%





	

1
&
$




)&$*
	
$%





=
>







!8%


1

$%


1











1
3

%
&$
H







$%




!8%










	














&$

'
	





	






$%






$%







1
















$%








$%


=
>




























$%














$%



	





%


$%







!8%

"( "+("$++0(+6:8!2 #

 



/...

F















0













	
	









		

	
		
	
	
	












%




1











&@
























D.@.+



1





	





	


	1













3

;


)




*

"






	




H


1








1















M




B




















1









1












"( "+("$++0(+6;8(!!+# 9/

 



/...

 

C

	6
	


1





6



6










	












C













	






 $%+@..
H













	









H
	








'

	



	



C







H1






	




















	





H





	














$$>

/. 	"%%%









	











;



	
1












2	
1














C

1

C




























C



#	-/...

2$:
+$:8 8

18


%
@AF








 
!
	&


$&

<

$	















$&

<

$	1








1;





1
1


1





1




	$&

<



$	










/.





	




#	++/...

/? @+	

7=

%
9DF






F


 
!
	
&

#

	

 %!
&6
















11

;

1



 %!
&61




	


+N

 %!
&6


	












 

%!
&6






1













;


 %!
&61


1%
	


 %!
&6








	





%	
C
 %!
&6


1






!
B








1

		

	
		
	
	
	

!"#
#	++/...

2

+	
=7


%
@-F




:"
 
"&1

 












B1	



C


 









1!$:





		






 











:"
F


 
"



#	+//...

/5
?+	
=7


%
?-F




	F


 
"




 

#




		
	








 

#


















		







	%



 

#




1


 

#




%






!$:

"









 

#










1 

#




!







+,,.,-
	



;
!
	 

#





?-	










	

	





%


	


D




#	+@/...

&26
+
+	
=7


%
9AF




:

1
;

F


 
"


!


 

81








1H	



1


C
	



 

81







B



	

%















	
	
1

+@



%




1 

81


G












 

81


&




	







1

 

81



C
	//

 



81






	





"








 

81





























%




	

&2 
 
 	



 /...++

		

	
		
	
	
	

!"$
#	+D/...


?7.:+	
=7
1
:

%
@/F




87
F


 
"

O
/D$
	

 

<

I


















	



 

I














1+?


C


% 

I











 

I




C
	+.

1



















"





	







 

I


#	+A/...













%




	

&2 
 
 	



 /....A

#	+A/...

?+	

7=

%
?AF




2	 
P:




!
%





1
)

*







:





	



	



!
%













	



!
%

1


0









B



















!
%

H


























	

%




	

&2 
 
 	



 /...+-

		

	
		
	
	
	

!"%
#	+A/...

?:&5
2+
8

%
@9!



%
 
"


C

!"
5







2














C
"1!"
5



1
1


,++	


!$:






'







!"
5




	

)
1*

%




	

&2 
 
 	



 /...+/

#	/A/...


49&+
8

%
A?F





	F


 
"


C

!(


















1











%!

 
!



1
1
1








!(





	






!(



















1


	












!(





























C









!

:



):*
















!(!(


H




	
$%




$%

=
>

!(


+-











!(






C
	/.













1







-.



0	

%




	

&2 
 
 	



 /....,

		

	
		
	
	
	

!"&
#	/A/...

/5
A+	
=7


%
@,F




;


1 
"

!



 

7























 

















5
/













 

7


1
12








1








 

7














2













 

7



	







 
	D/...

:&
9+
 ==


%
?/F





	!	5 	


F


 
"




&



1








2


































&









1

1

	






%









&








1

$
	







	%
5

)%5*





+A







&






	












	
	













C

	

%




	

&2 
 
 	



 /...+?

		

	
		
	
	
	

!"'
 
	++/...

$::
8
+	
=7


%
/DF




2

F


 
"

!


 

!

























;






























 

!




















B









	

1

































1

1

 

!






















0

2




	




C
 

!









8








	2



%


%





C
 

!









2









 
	+?/A	



 

!












%




	

&2 
 
 	



 /...+A

 
	+9/...

/7 B86+2:

%
?-!



 
!
 
"

7
1	

5

10







5

1H




1



1

?

	















5

1





1










1




		

	
		
	
	
	

!"(
 
	+?/...

2B9++	
=7


%
??!



2

 
"


C

A5
7+	
=7


%
9.!



2

 
"


C

 

	
 




'
!
	AD

























"
B





?39.'


!
	AD











'
AD





-




D














	



C


	












1


























'
AD



0

	





1




%?3@/























1










9.










1











'
AD













%


H

@3./







%









%@3/A



1	






	













1

1



%$%





1
















1


1

 

	




















!8%

	





2













"













(






1
 















	

 





C
	A3+9D
























	

!8%

















		

	
		
	
	
	

!"
8




	C


1

 

	
B


C	







/D





 






@/







	
	

0





	


 










/
9@	


%




	

&2 
 
 	



 /...+9

 
	+,/...

?&
+	
=7
!

%
@@F


K$$

!	
"

 
P:

&


 

'(

















 

'(



1

	









 

'(
















 

'(




1




G1

1 












 

'(







	




	







	
	







 
	/+/...

9/
:@+


%
@9!



$

:
 
"

$

:




:

6








	




:

60



	




1





	%







	1
1












		

	
		
	
	
	

!"
 
	/,/...

/5
?==
?6+	
=7


%
9@F




2
	F


 
"

%
1&1

 

#1







	

 

#1








H


	


1% 

#1


















%








1

C
	/@-











1
1

 

#1









	









	



1


 

#1



 

#1
B





9.9@









A.





%














2
	F




 
"


	
















	




















		

	
		
	
	
	

!")
?/...

9$::+	
=7


%
/AF




 
"


$
	

 












	





1

;

	


































 















$











%















	










	






1













1







 









	



 







H






!8%









;






















	



;













8













	










!8%
 







	


















!8%








 








!8%






!8%














8










 














	C

0



0


6

D















)*

















C












/	

%




	

&2 
 
 	



:

 /...+D

		

	
		
	
	
	

!"#
D/...

/5
:7
+	
=7


%
D/F




"

F


 
"


"1


 

8























	


6












	
?.




	




2




1











	
C



	



 

8
 

8




	







	






 

8



	




D.
-.



	

+D/...%






 

8






H










0


%




	

&2 
 
 	



 /...//

D/...

/+
7=

%
@.F




2
1 
$


"


%!
;




















C




2
0















2


	



 




%!
;



1"




%

!
;









A/...

?


88+
 ==


%
@DF




&1	F


 
"

&1

&
!















	





&
!










11










		






&
!







++/...

		

	
		
	
	
	

!"##
-/...

6
+$
9

%
?-!



87	
8+

?9
2
+2:

%
?+!




 
"







'
@@





	5

5
$
81



















'
@@










1

5

5









6





		













1$
81






1







H



'
@@









6

























0











	%


1



	




5

5








5

5







$
81











8


1
	




%








C











	

B
%
	

1


5

5
B
1



	+,AA5

5






1






	


2











1
	










 
"




,++

		

	
		
	
	
	

!"#$
+9/...

?2.-5+	

7

%
@?;!




C 




C

 

	
IB8




)

*
9@



1







	


 

	
IB8




+,-@2
/@.%
F

)%F*



	


 



 






	
%F









 

	
IB8




% 

	
IB8





%F







1% 

	
IB8









	11




%FB
1 


 

	


IB8
H1	
	



&


H1	

 

	
IB8
B










"














 

	
IB8


%A/...










0


%%
:


:



	
 









 



%F

H


)

 

	


IB8
B%F
	
H
H
*G
1






G



H

1

1
G













1%FG











%F

 

	
IB8

 
!


7	
 
"



+@/...

67
+	

7=

%
??!



;


F


 
"

!


!












!

	
<



	



"
!







1




		



!







9+/...

		

	
		
	
	
	

!"#%
+A/...

9
78++	
=7
1


%
9+!



 	


 
<'

	

"


!


 

<'















+,,9$

%
+..




1







	










1




	 

<'

!



%






 

!








1
	







%







0



 

!





1










1%


















1







1%




1
 

<'

!








 

<'

!













12















 

<'







;



 

<'

B








1
	
1
	








9.



0




%




	

&2 
 
 	



 /...+,

+-/...

	

62
+	
$ ==


%
ADF





$
 
"


I
1

 
$

&
8










%



C
	



 
$

&
8








 
$

&
8



1
 








%
'C
"

)%'"*



1

%




!$:
 
$

&
8




 
$

&
8




2







%/?/...

		

	
		
	
	
	

!"#&
/A/...

A9	

7:6+
9

7=

%
?-!



!
: 
"




"!


1





2









1



B'



1






2














2









1






B'



1
"!


1B






	








,++




H











"







	







"!


1


1

/-/...

7C6D/:E:+	

7=

%
9.F




!	
 
"

(



 
!
J





"





/N




2


1!
J








11

	!
J











% 

<'




	!
J








	2





C
	?@







		

	
		
	
	
	

!"#'
9+/...

A 
+	
=7
1

%
9D$
!

5	
!	 
"



 

<'8	


















 

<'8	B



1




1












C







1
1

@










 

<'8	

















C
















1
1





	







	




























	



%

0












	




%














%












B













1


























	 

<'8	








	

	

%
























 

<'8	






C












	






 

<'8	%

























	










	




















































%







 

<'8	B$%










1















	 

<'8	 

<'8	

1













2!8%	




	











1
	





2

$%



=
>

 

<'8	


	


















		

	
		
	
	
	

!"#(
 

<'8	


















	



 

<'8	









	








1









C


 

<'8	B


C	









/@










	


















	





 

<'8	



&









0



	





C





B


%




	

&2 
 
 	



 /.../9

%?/...

97+
8

%
9-F





 
"




!














1





%










1











1



	




1
 





H










!











1



1

!










C
	,




1

!




	
2





9

	
2











	












%A2


1




C
	/39.
%-



	








	






	














	







	




		

	
		
	
	
	

!"#
%A/...

?&
==7+	
=7
1
 ==


%
/@F




;

F


 
"




 

<&
(





















1


	


	


1




+/...






1




C



1














1
	






















1

	%








1



	
C



 

<&
(1
	

1		














1
	

C





,..





++?







%

1

1








0
%	

1





1














%



	


&2 
 
 	



 /.../@

		

	
		
	
	
	

!"#
%++/...

7/:7+	
=7


%
?D$
!

;
 
<:

&


 

89.

























H






!8%














C
1
%



C



C
	/.


 

8

	


!8%


















C



;











C

 

8















%







 

8
	

 


 

8




!$:


	









%







H
%5









1
 

8



 

8





	



/


	




:











	


9.


 

8










!

	)


*K
	

 

8
	




2


1








1


	




	










=.>









1


	



6



1


%









H



%




	

&2 
 
 	



 /.../?

		

	
		
	
	
	

!"#)
%/./...

/6299+	
=7
1$

%
99!



!

$
 
<:

%

 

<$
"















	












	
1











 












)








*








%










%







 

<$


"
1










&

	







	





	





















C











 

<$
"

66











	








%


 

<$
"
















&






 

<$
"



01














 



































 


 

<$
"











	










%1








	







 

<$
"2










%5






	2


	





	82






	












	

)
0
*

C	







 

<$
"B


@

2






	



	



+/
+@




 

<$
"















 

<$
"




	
!

$
 
<:



		

	
		
	
	
	

!"$
%/D/...

/5

B
+?
+2:

%
?9!



8

 
"

;
F

5

8






	










5

8










	

%



1







+N
	





5

8


1






1







%


9D.


1






5

8




	





1




















5

8



1
!8%

1


	








5

8










	


5

8

C



1


	











	

2
1



1



<







	


<


1
5

8


1	

5

8








	






&








	

5

8
B

5

8
B





H



%5



2













	


8

:

H5

8






	





	?/...










	
	



%




	

&2 
 
 	



 /...9?

		

	
		
	
	
	

!"$#
%/,/...

9?72+6F:8


%
/-;$


8

5

%1 


%1


1
0
5

	






0






2





0

"

0

	
1
0
5
B





9...



'

	





		




1
0




	




1
0
5
B






)



*0
%
1
0


%1





/















6
=




>






	











	


1
0
5
B

1
0
5







	




	

	




"
















)










*

	











	


1
0
5




	

8

5



?.	


%/,/...

2


+2:

%
?9!



!
 
"




5





1
	





5


















1



	





	11



5






1










	









5



















1
	











 










0









!
 
"

!


H

	

5




















11









		

	
		
	
	
	

!"22
%9./...


678++
7=

%
/AF




(



F


 
!
	Q+"



%!
81









<









	





%







	















	

%







C












































	;

66






C















C	


%!
81










	
	






%








%!
81


	

=


>



;

C


%!
81



















%








%!
81




1



;








C





	




%!
81



	


%
































%!
81
%














$%








%!
81

	































%!


81








2


	










	C


%0

:






 
B&


























%!
81
B





3

%!
81




















C


















	

	



	




%!
81
























G

	



















		

	
		
	
	
	

!"$%




6





	
	%!
81

	





















	



	A/...


/$+$

%
DD;$


$	
 	







"








C

 



51
C

$
$	
0










 

1

C


%
%-./%%


$
$	





)/-.

9+.

*



@


1







$
$	








	G







1








!













1







$
$	












0



$
$	

	
/...




	
	




C
	

2


	
















%






	





	

8
%


 ;..%+?/

	-/...

A7?+	
$ ==


%
-.F




2
F


 
!
	$
	

 
$

&
#



















&









1














;



C
 
$

&
#








 
$

&
#





66	


2











1


















2

,++




 
$

&
#

B





!$:"






 
$

&
#




1

		

 
  
 
 
 

A-24
	+9/...


7:
+?
+
85


%
A@F




;1

F


 
"

$
	

!
	





1






	

H


	+@/...

2A8+
6$

%
?,;!
$


!

	%
!
!
K
!




 







:?5+
&
:8:8
9


%
?A;!





 



5

 

%



C


%%1$
7


%(














1
	
	






%




!
99A!%
C
	D

1

1
1





	











1


%
!	
%


	














































%








	





	8
%




"'..(%.-,

		

	
		
	
	
	

!"$'
	/A/...

97
6+	
=7


%
/AF






 
$


"


 

1



















H
+...

1



,..










% 

1



















%









 

1







1




















 

1




0



 

1















 

1


	



















%




	

&2 
 
 	



 /...99

	9+/...

2?7+	
=7


%
?DF




!
 
"

7

 



+,-?#

!#A



1


H

C

H



















0
 


















1B







%







1















1






1












%












0

 




0
















0


	









 









C


C	
)


*



C

H











		

	
		
	
	
	

A-26
#
?/...

&
CD:
+	
=7
1/


=$

%
?-;!



 
"

 

	

 

<:

!$
8


 
	
 
2










C
	+N




1




C
1


1
;














1

1












	1



	


%























+,DD8
2+)/.@*

%






	





	

8
%


%..(%+-?

#
/@/...

7
7+?
+
8

%
DDF




'
$
F


 
!
	Q/(

!



!










	






!




B
	
















	




1

1


1


%






H
!





1





&



!$:%
'C
"



)%'"*

%'"




	!







	
2







!






1





+,,A%

%'"


	




	










%'"B	





!






1




'
8







	

?+

	





+,,9

		

	
		
	
	
	

!"$
#	//...

7
B$
+	
=7


%
+AF




5
	
F


 
"

:

%

$
	

 

$






















2


















%


















 

$


B










1
	




 

$





1

1








1










B








	0
 

$


 




















0

	5
	





%


 

$



C


	






 

$



















#	+@/...

$78/+	
=7


%
@/F




2


F


 
"




 

:+N







	







	+,+A


















%

1
 

:





1 



:	


F




		

	
		
	
	
	

A-28
#	+-/...

9;+
8

%
?A!




 
"




!;




1








%

!;






1




!;






0









1	
	




!;
B?A	

%



	





!;


















!;














!;







	




	

$












	

;


!;
0










C



0



1

!;















!;
B





!;






	


2


%,/...









	








	










1
	




























 














	

%




	

&2 
 
 	



 /...9A

		

	
		
	
	
	

!"$)
%//...

/76+5:
8

%
D/F




F


 
:

!
	$
	

!1















	





	

















	!1




!B%




C



1


	





6















6








!1"








!1B
	



!1


%9/...

$78
7:
C$8D

+	
=7


%
/,;




$1

51



:


%



 

!



8
:
















!

%












	


















1
1







 

!




	0


	




















0


 

!











%




	









	8






5%L..(%/-D

		

	
		
	
	
	

A-30
%D/...


$
+	
=7
1$

%
/A!



!
!	 
"




 

<$
$


/?






	







 

<

$
$





1

"
 

<$


$








	

%





1
 

<$
$




1&








6








 

<

$
$






B!
!




%,/...

2	B+	
=7


%
9.F




'
 
:


!


 

 



















%


H















'







	 

 








@.
	









 

 









	
C




	



 

 





	





,.

	 

 

	





		

	
		
	
	
	

!"%#
%++/...

?:
+
	



%
@+;!



"


%
 

	

&1

 




/..." 


8









0
&1

1

	



 




2






 



5
&%//...












&1






	


=7
B8>
;	
" 


8
B












%" 


8


6







=
>" 


8



















" 


8





	6






	





" 


8







0	" 


8


2

&1"




%
 

	



	








%+//...

2	+
7=

%
@+!



26 
"

7
1	

%!
 

	


2
1

1





	









12


	

%+9/...

2
27
6+	/
8

%
@9;!


':%%
51
!
5
K



8

5




1!



 :!1
1
$
1



 

2



8
?+/














1












	1









% :!1






,.





)

*























 :!1

1
	

		

	
		
	
	
	

A-32
%+9/...

G?
H7+$
9

%
/-!




 
"



$


C


H	$



	






A.



$









/	
$



	











	!$:










$




H

$




	











$



















H1	



0



C




%




	

&2 
 
 	



 /...9-

%+9/...

&
	
6+	

7=

%
?,F




!
 
"

$
	

 %!
1





























H

	


%




	 %!
1




1&







 

%!
1


2


	

		

	
		
	
	
	

!"33
%+?/...

?/5
/=
+
7=

%
?AF




"!
	 
P:




C

%!
:










/?.










2

1






C
	D



























1










%!
:























'








%!
:




 









!$:
%!
:








	


"









%!
:























%!
:


'H




!	


" 
"















	

		

	
		
	
	
	

A-34
%+A/...

/5


:8+	
=7


%
9A!



"

 
"

!




 

!


H
	


	








	
	
	 

!

















%








/N



/




%





1















1

	1
1
















1























1

	








D?







H
		



 

!







	

6




B

8












%
	



	


 

!

	


!6






























 

!

%
C
	@
 

!B
	

	












	
2






		

	
		
	
	
	

A-35
%/./...

?7$:C?$D$
7+
+	



B
7=

%
@D!

K;

 

	!

;

!
	

 

	!
!
$









	























)


	 

	!
!
$
*


1







1


%



1













6
	

















1














1







%


















B







	































%



 

	!
!
$














F	








1
2




	









18	
















2




6




	6

2





















 

	!
!
$



C



+@

 

	!
!
$








C
























2









1
1


 

	!
!
$




	

















0
2


	


C

	



9/...


1
0	


















6


 

	!
!
$




H










!
	!

'C
B


	



 

	

!




H




<









C

 

	!
!
$

1
	





0








H



!
	5



	

/--












	


		

	
		
	
	
	

A-36
%/9/...

778+	
=7


%
/A;$


 
(
2

$


//
7B+	
=7


%
/D;$


 
(
2

$


 

8 

8





/.

	
/






	

?.


51
!	







	








1





1


C
	++3/@

%0


H
C

 

8 



8








1
%


	


6





88






1





	





H





51















 

88





	







0
'

	


!$:



0











	


"





88




























%/D/...

?E:+?
+	
=7


%
9-!



;
	 
"

!



 

J







	

1

	1


= 
8

>


"	
	%

"






 

J




	








&




'




 

J


	0
"






	





	'















 

J



0










1







+@










 

J

BR

		

	
		
	
	
	

A-37



+/...

5
2,
+?
+2:

%
D9F




!

F


 
"


C

5

F






























%














	15

F
B







 






















5

F


5

F

















C














0


5

F
















5

F


















//...

?7
+2:

%
?D!



!	 
"

7
1	

5



	








5





















1





5





1


	









%




5















1




"





5







@



!F%)
1
*

		

	
		
	
	
	

A-38



?/...

  :+2:

%
?,!



:


 
"


#

	

5

&
	


	

;


5

&
	








 





5

&
	



5

&
	





%
C
	D



5

&
	











5

&
	

6

















	




?/...

4.6+2

8


%
/+!

	


!
%
I%6


5
!

I1



1

%
:

 


 )%: *

%





%







1	

%: 

1
%








	
C









5


!

I1



&





@/...

4B,4+
7=

%
DAF




%F


 
"


!


%!
F2
	




C




	










%
C
	+N


C



%!
F2
	







1

!$:


		



%!
F2
	





2




	
%!
F2
	B


8	







		

	
		
	
	
	

A-39



A/...

7/5
	+

B
7=

%
?@;!




!
"

 

:




97B+$

%
?.;!




!
"

 

:




!
!
 

$










+,A?

2+22
	


%



8(
	




















	







1


/.













	



















!
!
 

$







	

%






	





	

8
%


%..(%/D?

		

	
		
	
	
	

A-40



++/...

7A7.7
:+	
=7
$

%
9/!




!
	 
"

 


 

$
I;%





;%




1
 

$
I


















B









%



	









C

























9-





1


1














1











1 

$
I


	



&





 

$
I
'











!
	




%5




 

$
I









%




1










(
C

	
1





1





























"



 

$
I




+//... 



$
I


1
@










+A/...

/5
4:87
+	
=7


%
D/F




	5
F


 
!
		

 

2
	



















2
1





	










	




% 

2
	



6

1 


















 

2
	

 

2
	










	




 

2
	

	
	











		

	
		
	
	
	

A-41



+,/...

&
9:
+
7=

%
?AF





F


 
"


C

%!
8









1





H

C
%!
8






B



1





C





	



1





	
%!
8







1&



!$:

	%!
8














/
%

!
8




	
0






/+/...


G$H+	
$
8

%
A.F




;


 
"


I
1

 
$

!


1








%





 
$

!
1
1




1


	0






&






	


 
$

!


1
!$:

%

	





%
1









 
$

!

















		

	
		
	
	
	

A-42



/?/...

A9475
+	
=7
1


%
9DF





5

F


 
"


C

 

<

	2




















 





1







	
C



1

















 

<

	2
















%


 

<

	2










	

 

<

	2


!8%







1








/A/...

$:24:5+
+	
=7


%
99!





 
:

"

%

 

2




	










C







0
%














	 

2






 

2













2







B








	









	




	






 

2



	
2










 

2
1












0


%




	

&2 
 
 	



 /...?+

		

	
		
	
	
	

A-43
&

+/...

7&&6B6+
8

%
@@F





	$1F


 
"




!(
1
1


	














%





	






1






	










!(
1
1













1
!(
1
1


1




2
1


	







C




12










1






!(
1
1%






!(
1
1


	









+,.+

&

-/...

5
/
CD/75:+	
=7


%
D,F





F


 
"

;	


 

:


	



1

%



=
>











 

:





 

:





	
 

:




(


	!







?.



	








+.

 

:


1


"






0
 

:




-/...










	




 

:










	





 

:



1



	
1














		

	
		
	
	
	

A-44
&

+./...

/7?2

+
8

%
@9!



 

 
"

"

!


!5
!


	
D


"



1	

!5
!

1
	

	




	


!5
!


C	








&

+9/...

9
	@
+	
=7


%
D9!






 
"




 

 6


	














	1 

 6






1





@@
















/%








 

 6







2











	



1&









 

 6



	









&

+D/...

A7
+
8

%
D@F




!
!
F


 
!
	F

!

1


/N













	





!








	
	







66
!




	'










2











1


	


		

	
		
	
	
	

A-45
&

/D/...

?/9+
8

%
D,F









8	!
	 
$


"


!:












%





!:







H
&



	!:



















B1
)

*







!:
1

1
1
11








1




















!:
"






!:









&

9+/...

/5
+	
=7
1$

%
@/$


:<

 
"

8




!




 

<$



	
			





1

1%
?.





 

<$











%





2





C	









C



%5







G

 

<$














 

<$













	




		

	
		
	
	
	

A-46



//...

?



6+	
=7


%
+,F




8

 
$


"%1

 

!
1




1	


1



















 

!
1





1




&


	






 

!
1















H


&








1

B1






1
1%



1





	





0

1



B

;





1
1





1


	



1





0









1%


1
1

B










1



1
11


1














1

	



B





1
1






 

!
1









 

!
1






%

















1 

!
1






1




 







 

!
1B



H

%





A
 

!
1





2













 

!
1B





	

#





		

	
		
	
	
	

A-47



//...

&2,:6+	
=7


%
?+F




&


 
"



 

F%1



1
)

*







1
	 

F%1
B
/...


1




%





1

1















	




	

1

1









%
1











1	
1


C

1








1














 





















8





C






	




C


1
9.

0












1





 

F%1








0
G







	C


 

F%1



	

	








,/...

?&4+
+	
=7
1= ==


%
DAF




"

F


 
"


C

 

<
	&
2


















 

<
	&
2
































	
1









 

<
	&
2












;





	
 

<
	&
2




12







1



		

	
		
	
	
	

A-48



+@/...

A7A

+	
=7


%
??!



 
"

!	

I
1
I
1

 

7






	0









C
	%


 

7















;

	


H


 

7









1








2





	












		



 

7



1




+D/...

A4
6+	
=7


%
+,F




(
F


 
"

7
1	

 

2
1


+@..



1
)

*







1+A	





 



2
1








%
1








B






	

 

2
1








1








2







	



1













 

2
1	
0










	
0







 

2
1










	


2






C
	+











	0





+D/...

$78B7+
9
1 8




%
?,!



"


"


 
"

 
$

 
(
 
'

	



(



"
<&

'


2










1


C

%

1




"
<&

'








6
 









C











"
<&

'













1

		

	
		
	
	
	

A-49



+A/...

7?4@@+	
$2:

%
D,F




1
1
F


 
!
	$
	

 
$

5

266



















;










 
$

5



266








	
%



















1









1






 
$

5

266

1

















1B






















 
$

5

266



1

 




 
$

5

266
1!$:


















"









	

 
$

5



266

















 
$

5

266B





	














/@/...

9:
7B+$
=	
=7


%
9.!



$

 
"

 


 

8










	















	





1



C
	@.





 

8



0













%


	








 






	








6




2















%








C









	




















 

8





	




 



8

%











 

8





2
	


C
	


2



	








1

1









	C


1



C	






 

8

B

D,@












1



C




















		

	
		
	
	
	

A-50



/D/...

A+	
=7


%
/+F




!
$1 
"


#

	

 

7








2



	


	


	

1

%













 

7
























 









C
 

7


 



7










2


	












/,/...

BE:+	
=7


%
DAF





F


 
!
	$
	

 

J















%






 

J




C



1




	
















%

'





0







 

J


	









 



J




C	





C

















	
%


"



/...
	


F


 
!
	






H


		

	
		
	
	
	

A-51
"


+/...

&
4
@+	
=7


%
-.F




;

F


 
"

!



 

!
6

1


















%





 

!
6











'





2














1


%






 

!
6
B

%'"

 



!$:
'


 

!
6


















	
"


+ 

!
6
B@.



	2













"


++/...

B/:+	
=7


%
9,F




8

F


 
"

F



 

:
	

1













 

:









0



	












H


%

	





 

:1

	11




A.

2
1


	

%
	1






0








1
































C






C


		

	
		
	
	
	

A-52
"


+A/...


742:5
+?
+



%
@@F





 
"


I
1

!


5







0







B!
!


5




1

















2








1





0	

!


5









"


/?/...

"


+A/...

A7$$:
+	
=7


%
?AF





 
"


I
1

 

$













%

 

$




	












&






	!$:
%5









	




 
"

 

$







C
	










1

 

$





1


	



2






 

$
	




!

B

!	

		

	
		
	
	
	

A-53
"


/9/...

9
+	
=7


%
?9!





 
"


2


 

%







	







	


 



1











 

%















	









	



%
/.



 

%

















 






	 



%



	







 



%



1



	
+?+A


1



+A	


	










	



%






C









		

	
		
	
	
	

A-54
"


/9/...

$&+2:

%
9A!



!
 
"




5

(



1
	
















C
	























1







%




5

(
1


1
1





	
	

%5

(
1











	

1




5

(






1

5

(









2














2

+.






15

(












B

2



1








0




5

(








0




1





!




H

	=








>

		

	
		
	
	
	

A-55
%



	








C








;

1












C




	












	$


+8
	$1

$&8
C,+.+

J	%.//D,

)D+A*AA.9...

3<<


:=
 :8=47G 4H

 
 
 	

$


$


+.,@;

:



$+-.



;F/D@.@/---

3<<
<
<



)-..*9@&2


8
=

%
%
"


3<<
<8<J
	

)

8%






*

		

	
		
	
	
	

A-56