FEDERAL JUDICIAL CENTER

Salaries and Expenses

SUMMARY STATEMENT OF ACCOUNT REQUIREMENTS

Fiscal Year 2022 Assumed Appropriation 

Fiscal Year 2023 Requested Appropriation

Requested Increase from Fiscal Year 2022 Assumed Appropriation

APPROPRIATION LANGUAGE

FEDERAL JUDICIAL CENTER

SALARIES AND EXPENSES

$32,151,000

$33,455,000

$1,304,000

 For necessary expenses of the Federal Judicial Center, as authorized by 

Public Law 90-219, [$32,151,000]$33,455,000; of which $1,800,000 shall 

remain available until September 30, [2023]2024 , to provide education and 

training to Federal court personnel; and of which not to exceed $1,500 is 

authorized for official reception and representation expenses.

(H.R 4502 - Financial Services and General Government Appropriations Act, 2022) 

9.1
Fiscal Year 2023 Resource Requirements:

FTEs Amount

Fiscal Year 2022 Assumed Obligations................................................................................................ 128 32,556

 Reimbursements from Federal Accounts and FJC Foundation..................................................................... - (155) 

 Utilization of Judiciary Information Technology Fund............................................................................ - (250)

Fiscal Year 2022 Assumed Appropriation........................................................................................... 128 32,151

Page Adjustments to Base to Maintain Current Services:

No.

A. PERSONNEL

Pay and Benefit Adjustments

9.10 1. Proposed 2023 pay adjustment (4.6% for nine months) - 831 

9.10 2. Annualization of FY 2022 pay adjustment (2.7% for three months)....................................................... - 157 

9.10 3. Promotions and within-grade increases......................................................................................... - 185 

9.10 4. Benefits increases

a. Health benefits........................................................................................................... - 37 

b. FICA adjustment........................................................................................................... - 15 

9.11 5. One less compensable day......................................................................................................... - (95) 

SUMMARY OF REQUEST

FISCAL YEAR 2023

FEDERAL JUDICIAL CENTER

SALARIES AND EXPENSES

(Dollar amounts in thousands)

9.2
B. OTHER ADJUSTMENTS FTEs Amount

General Inflationary Adjustments

9.11 - 174

Subtotal, Adjustments to Base to Maintain Current Services.................................................................. - 1,304 

Total Current Services Appropriation Required ................................................................................. 128 33,455 

Total Fiscal Year 2023 Appropriation Required.................................................................................... 128 33,455

 Total Appropriation Increase...................................................................................................... - 1,304 

Financing the Fiscal Year 2023 Request:

Total Appropriation Required, Fiscal Year 2023................................................................................... 128 33,455

9.11 - 250

Total Estimated Obligations, Fiscal Year 2023.................................................................................... 128 33,705

SUMMARY OF REQUEST

FISCAL YEAR 2023

7. Estimated reimbursements from federal accounts and the FJC Foundation............................................

FEDERAL JUDICIAL CENTER

(Dollar amounts in thousands)

SALARIES AND EXPENSES

6. Inflationary increases in charges for contracts, services, supplies, and equipment.....................................

9.3
Fiscal Year 2021 Fiscal Year 2022 Fiscal Year 2023

Offsetting Offsetting Offsetting

Activity Direct Collections Total Direct Collections Total Direct Collections Total

Education & Training 16,105 - 16,105 22,502 155 22,657 23,415 250 23,665

Research 5,770 - 5,770 6,048 - 6,048 6,293 - 6,293 

Program Support 4,083 - 4,083 3,851 - 3,851 3,747 - 3,747 

Total Obligations 25,958 - 25,958 32,401 155 32,556 33,455 250 33,705

Less Judiciary Information Technology Fund Obligations - - - (250) - (250) - - -

FJC Direct Obligations 25,958 - 25,958 32,151 155 32,306 33,455 250 33,705

Unobligated Balance, Start of Year:

Judiciary Information Technology Fund (824) - (824) (974) - (974) (724) - (724)

Federal Judicial Center (multi-year carryover) (1,610) - (1,610) (1,503) (1,503) (1,753) (1,753)

Deposits and Other Adjustments:

Judiciary Information Technology Fund (150) - (150) - - - - - -

Transfer to Salaries & Expenses 1,451 - 1,451 - - - - - -

Unobligated Balance, End of Year:

Judiciary Information Technology Fund 974 974 724 724 724 - 724 

Federal Judicial Center (expiring annual & multi-year) 1,714 1,714 - - - - - -

Federal Judicial Center (unexpired multi-year) 1,503 - 1,503 1,753 - 1,753 1,753 - 1,753 

Available Appropriation 29,015 - 29,015 32,151 155 32,306 33,455 250 33,705

Offsetting Collections

 Reimbursable programs - - - - (155) (155) - (250) (250)

Direct Appropriation 29,015 - 29,015 32,151 - 32,151 33,455 - 33,455 

FEDERAL JUDICIAL CENTER

Salaries and Expenses

Obligations by Activity ($000)

Actuals Assumed Obligations Request

9.4
FEDERAL JUDICIAL CENTER

Salaries & Expenses

Obligations by Object Class ($000)

Fiscal Year 2021 Fiscal Year 2022 Fiscal Year 2023

Offsetting Total Offsetting Total Offsetting Total

Direct Collections Oblig. Direct Collections Oblig. Direct Collections Oblig.

1100 Personnel compensation 16,753 - 16,753 17,394 112 17,506 18,372 112 18,484

1200 Personnel benefits 5,763 - 5,763 6,044 28 6,072 6,196 28 6,224

1300 Personnel Payouts 1 - 1 0 - 0 0 - 0

2100 Travel 458 - 458 5,872 15 5,887 5,989 110 6,099

2200 Transportation of things 12 - 12 51 - 51 52 - 52

2300 Communications, utilities & misc 373 - 373 542 - 542 553 - 553

2400 Printing and reproduction 10 - 10 56 - 56 57 - 57

2500 Other services 1,130 - 1,130 1,018 - 1,018 1,038 - 1,038

2600 Supplies and materials 739 - 739 899 - 899 917 - 917

3100 Equipment 569 - 569 275 - 275 280 - 280

9000 S&E Transfer - - 0 - - - - - -

9100 Judiciary Info Tech. Fund 150 - 150 - - - - - -

Direct Obligations 25,958 - 25,958 32,151 155 32,306 33,455 250 33,705

 - - - 250 - 250 - - -

25,958 - 25,958 32,401 - 32,556 33,455 - 33,705

1

Fiscal Year (FY) 2021 Although the Center reduced its original FY 2021 budget request by $2,100,000 in anticipation that the pandemic would require cancellation of some travel and in-person 

programs, we did not anticipate that the pandemic ultimately would overturn our in-person programming plans for the entire fiscal year. As a result, the Center incurred only $8,458 in travel 

expenses (FY 2021 funds). In addition, the Center obligated $275,768 (FY 2021/2022 funds) for programs that were scheduled in the first quarter of FY 2022, which now have been cancelled, 

and applicable cancellation fees will draw from these obligations. The Center concluded FY 2021 with a surplus of funds, which include $448,972 (FY 2021 funds) and $1,502,692 (FY 

2021/2022 carryforward funds). 

Assumed Obligations Request

Other Obligations (JITF Obligations)

Description

Actuals1

Total Obligations

 9.5
FEDERAL JUDICIAL CENTER

Salaries & Expenses

Relation of Obligations to Outlays ($000)

FY 2022

FY 2021 Assumed FY 2023 Difference

Actual Obligations Request (+) or (-)

Total Obligations 25,958 32,306 33,705 1,399

Obligated balance, start of year 3,537 2,791 4,446 1,655

Adjustment of prior year activity 0 0 0 0

Obligated balance, end of year (2,791) (4,446) (4,998) (552)

Total Outlays 26,704 30,651 33,153 2,502

Less Offsets 0 (155) (250) (95)

Net Outlays 26,704 30,496 32,903 2,407

9.6
FEDERAL JUDICIAL CENTER

Salaries and Expenses

 Full Time Equivalents by Activity

Activity Direct

Offsetting 

Collecs. Total Direct

Offsetting 

Collecs. Total Direct

Offsetting 

Collecs. Total

Education & Training 88 0 88 90 0 90 90 0 90

Research 27 0 27 28 0 28 28 0 28

Program Support 10 0 10 10 0 10 10 0 10

Total, Full Time Equivalents 125 0 125 128 0 128 128 0 128

Fiscal Year 2021 Fiscal Year 2022 Fiscal Year 2023

9.7
9.8 

GENERAL STATEMENT AND INFORMATION

This appropriation request is for the salaries and operating expenses of the Federal Judicial Center (the Center), which was established 

by P.L. 90-219 (81 Stat. 664) on December 20, 1967. This statute directs the Center “to further the development and adoption of 

improved judicial administration” in the federal courts.

The fiscal year (FY) 2023 request for the Federal Judicial Center totals $33,455,000 to support the operations of the Center. 

Functional Responsibilities of the Center

The Center’s functions are outlined in statute, especially 28 U.S.C.§§ 620(b) and 623(a). Pursuant to those mandates, it teaches judges 

and other Judicial Branch personnel about legal developments and efficient litigation management and court administration. 

Examples include various educational programs that teach judges and court legal staff about new laws and emerging issues; programs 

that help judges and court executives promote efficiency in the just resolution of cases and in court administration; and programs that 

educate court staff on effective court operations. Over 80 percent of Center training participants attend the training in their home 

cities through in-court seminars, Center video programs, manuals, web-based conferences, and interactive computer programs. 

The Center also conducts empirical research into court operations and activities. Most Center research is performed at the request of 

the Judicial Conference of the United States in order to inform policy decisions of the Conference. Center research also contributes to 

improved judicial administration by assessing the efficacy of case and court management procedures. For example, it continues to 

assess case management tools for complex litigation. (The Center’s statute also assigns its other duties regarding state-federal judicial 

relations, assistance to foreign judiciaries, and federal judicial history, which it also performs.) Program planning is coordinated 

among the Center, the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts (AO), and the U.S. Sentencing Commission to maximize efficiency in 

meeting their distinct responsibilities. 

Duties of the Board

A Board of nine supervises the Center. The Chief Justice of the United States is the Board Chairman. The Board includes two judges 

of the U.S. Courts of Appeals, three judges of the U.S. District Courts, one bankruptcy judge, and one magistrate judge; each elected 

by the Judicial Conference of the United States for a four-year term. The Director of the AO is an ex-officio Board member. By 

statute, the Board is responsible for developing overall policy to guide the Center’s operations and approving the Center’s 
9.9 

appropriations requests. The Board appoints a Director and a Deputy Director, who are responsible for supervising the Center’s staff

and carrying out the Center's programs. The Center coordinates as necessary with the Judicial Conference’s Budget Committee and 

the AO in developing the Center’s appropriation requests. 

FISCAL YEAR 2022 APPROPRIATIONS 

In the absence of an enacted FY 2022 appropriation, the judiciary built the FY 2023 discretionary budget request for the Federal

Judicial Center on an assumed FY 2022 appropriation of $32,151,000, which is the FY 2022 Fall re-estimate level. 

For bill language for this account, the judiciary used the relevant language from H.R. 4502, which includes the House-passed version of 

the Financial Services and General Government Appropriations Act, 2022, as the closest approximation of eventual enacted FY 2022 

appropriations language, updated with the assumed funding level as described above.

After full-year fiscal year 2022 appropriations are enacted, the judiciary will re-estimate its fiscal year 2023 budget request and 

transmit to the Appropriations Committees any changes to fiscal year 2023 appropriations requirements and bill language. 
9.10

JUSTIFICATION OF CHANGES

The Federal Judicial Center’s FY 2023 appropriation request is 

$33,455,000, an increase of $1,304,000 (4.1 percent) over the 

assumed FY 2022 appropriation of $32,151,000. The total 

requested increase is for adjustments to base to maintain 

current services. The request will support the Center’s robust 

schedule of in-person programs complemented, as always, by 

virtual programs and other educational resources, as well as the 

Center’s research, federal judicial history, and international 

judicial relations missions. 

ADJUSTMENTS TO BASE TO MAINTAIN CURRENT 

SERVICES

A. PERSONNEL

Pay and Benefit Adjustments

1. Proposed 2023 pay adjustment

Requested Increase: $831,000

The judiciary is assuming federal pay rates will increase by 4.6

percent in January 2023. The requested increase provides for 

the cost of nine months of the anticipated pay raise in FY 2023, 

from January 2023 to September 2023. (If the pay adjustment 

included in the President’s FY 2023 budget request is different 

from this 4.6 percent guidance, the judiciary will revise this 

line item in its FY 2023 budget re-estimate.)

2. Annualization of 2022 pay adjustment

Requested Increase: $157,000

The requested increase provides for the annualized costs of a

2022 pay adjustment for Employment Cost Index (ECI) and 

locality pay. As a result of an ECI and locality adjustment, 

federal pay rates increased by an average of 2.7 percent, 

effective as of January 2022. The requested increase 

provides for the cost of three months (from October 2022 to

December 2022).

3. Promotions and within-grade increases

Requested Increase: $185,000

The requested increase provides for promotions and withingrade increases for personnel. The salary plan for judicial

support personnel provides for periodic within-grade increases

for staff who receive at least a satisfactory performance rating.

4. Benefits increases

a. Health benefits

Requested Increase: $37,000

Based on information from the Office of Personnel 

Management, health benefit premium contributions are 

projected to increase by an average of 2.4 percent both in 
9.11

January 2022 and January 2023. The requested increase 

annualizes the 2022 premium increase and includes a ninemonth provision for the increase anticipated for FY 2023.

b. FICA adjustment

Requested Increase: $15,000

Based on information from the Social Security Administration, 

employer contributions to the Old Age, Survivor, and 

Disability Insurance (OASDI) portion of the FICA tax will 

increase in 2022. The salary cap for OASDI increased from 

$142,800 to $147,000 in January 2022. The requested amount 

is needed to pay the Center’s contribution in FY 2023. 

5. One less compensable day

Requested Decrease: ($95,000)

There is one less compensable day in FY 2023 than in FY 

2022. The requested decrease adjusts for personnel 

compensation and benefits associated with one less 

compensable day.

B. OTHER ADJUSTMENTS

General Inflationary Adjustments

6. Inflationary increases in charges for contracts, services,

supplies, and equipment

Requested Increase: $174,000

Consistent with guidance from the Office of Management and 

Budget, this requested increase is required to fund inflationary 

adjustments of 2.0 percent for operating expenses such as 

travel, communications, printing, contractual services, supplies 

and materials, and furniture and equipment.

FINANCING THE FISCAL YEAR 2022 REQUEST 

OFFSETTING COLLECTIONS 

7. Estimated reimbursements from federal accounts and

the FJC Foundation

Estimated Reimbursement: $250,000 FTE: 0 

The Center enters into reimbursable agreements to provide 

additional services to, or to allow economizing by, the 

Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts (AO), the courts, and 

non-judicial federal entities. For example, on occasion, the AO 

will add on to scheduled Center programs additional training 

days for judges and thereby avoid incurring duplicative 

transportation costs for such efforts. In addition, pursuant to 

Title 28, Section 629, the Center receives support from 

occasional donations to the Federal Judicial Center Foundation, 

which the Center uses to conduct additional educational 

programs for judges. The Center estimates that $250,000 will 

be reimbursed to it in FY 2023.