# Patent

## Title
Color photographic material

## Abstract

A color photographic material is described containing a compound of formula (I) wherein, if n=1, R1 is, inter alia, a radical of formula (II), and, if n=2, R1 is unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl- or hydroxy-substituted phenylene or naphthylene; or —R12—X—R13—, and other residues are as defined in claim 1. The compound of formula (I) is effective as scavenger of the oxidized form of the developer (Dox scavenger), especially when contained in an interlayer between light sensitive layers. Selected compounds of this class can also be used as additives, for example as dye stabilizer, in color photographic materials, or as an antioxidant for organic materials.

## Background
The present invention relates to colour photographic material comprising a certain lactone (benzofuran-2-one) type compound, to the use of this compound as an additive to photographic material, especially as scavenger for the oxidised form of the developer (Dox-scavenger), to some new compounds of the benzofuran-2-one class, and their use as stablisers for organic material against oxidative, thermal and/or light-induced degradation.
It is well known that one of the problems associated with colour photography is the diffusion of the oxidised colour developer away from the light sensitive silver halide emulsion layer in which it is formed into another silver halide emulsion layer, which can result in the formation of unwanted dyes at undesired places. For instance, while being generated in the green sensitive layer and forming a magenta dye through a coupling reaction with the incorporated magenta coupler, the oxidised developer can also diffuse to the red sensitive layer thereby producing unwanted cyan dye or to the blue sensitive layer thereby producing unwanted yellow dye. This kind of colour formation in the wrong layers will damage the colour balance of the photographic image and thus result in poor colour reproduction. One way of circumventing this problem is to incorporate oxidised developer scavengers in interlayers between the light sensitive silver halide emulsion layers. These scavengers should have additional properties such as low tendency to migrate, good stability towards aerial oxidation and high solubility in photographic oils.
Several classes of compounds that are useful as scavengers for oxidised developers are known in literature, e.g. specific derivatives of hydroquinone (EP-A-560198), or compounds of the classes sulphonamidophenol, gallic acid, resorcinol, catechol, aminophenol or aminonaphthol; or natural antioxidants such as vitamin E or vitamin C.
Some compounds of the class benzofuran-2-one are described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,611,016 or U.S. Pat. No. 5,814,692 and publications cited therein. Photographic material containing a certain type of benzofuran-2-one is mentioned in U.S. Pat. No. 3,615,521 (use as precursors of photographic developing agent) and in U.S. Pat. No. 4,336,240 (hydroxy substituted compounds as electron donor precursors for reducible colour providing compounds). EP-A-871066 mentions the use of a symmetrically substituted 3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-benzofuran-2-one in the interlayer of a colour photographic material.
It has now been found that certain compounds of the 3-aryl-benzofuran-2-one class are especially useful as additives to photographic material. They are effective in a number of applications and find utility, for example, as scavengers for the oxidised developer (also termed hereafter Dox scavengers), as dye stabilisers, as antioxidants or as antifoggants. Liquid compounds of the below formula I can also be used as a photographic oil. These compounds are especially stable towards aerial oxidation, diffusion fast and also exhibits a good solubility in high boiling photographic oils. They are well suited for use in photographic elements containing pyrazolotriazole couplers as magenta dye providing compounds, since they are harmless to the light fastness of magenta images obtained from such pyrazolotriazole couplers when compared to hydroquinones.
Primary subject of the invention is a process for preventing migration of the oxidised developer in a colour photographic material from one colour sensitive layer to another by incorporating a compound of the formula I into said material




wherein, if n=1,

    
    
        R1 is a cyclic residue selected from naphthyl, phenanthryl, anthryl, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2-naphthyl, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1-naphthyl, thienyl, benzo[b]thienyl, naphtho[2,3-b]thienyl, thianthrenyl, dibenzofuryl, chromenyl, xanthenyl, phenoxathiinyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, indolizinyl, isoindolyl, indolyl, indazolyl, purinyl, quinolizinyl, isoquinolyl, quinolyl, phthalazinyl, naphthyridinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cinnolinyl, pteridinyl, carbazolyl, β-carbolinyl, phenanthridinyl, acridinyl, perimidinyl, phenanthrolinyl, phenazinyl, isothiazolyl, phenothiazinyl, isoxazolyl, furazanyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, fluorenyl or phenoxazinyl, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by C1–C4alkyl, C1–C4alkoxy, C1–C4alkylthio, hydroxy, halogen, amino, C1–C4alkylamino, phenylamino or di(C1–C4-alkyl)amino; or R1 is a radical of formula II
    
    






and, if n=2,

    
    
        R1 is unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl- or hydroxy-substituted phenylene or naphthylene; or —R12—X—R13—;
        R2, R3, R4 and R5 are each independently of one another hydrogen; chloro; hydroxy; C1–C25alkyl; C7–C9phenylalkyl; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted phenyl; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted C5–C8cycloalkyl; C1–C18alkoxy; C1–C18alkylthio; C1–C4alkylamino; di(C1–C4-alkyl)amino; C1–C25alkanoyloxy; C1–C25alkanoylamino; C3–C25alkenoyloxy; C3–C25alkanoyloxy which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or
    
    






    
    
         C6–C9cycloalkylcarbonoyloxy; benzoyloxy or C1–C12alkyl-substituted benzoyloxy; or R2 and R3, or R3 and R4, or R4 and R5, together with the linking carbon atoms, form a benzene ring;
        or R4 is —CmH2m—COR15, —O—(CvH2v)—COR′15, —O—(CH2)q—OR32, —OCH2—CH(OH)—CH2—R′15, —OCH2—CH(OH)—CH2—OR32, or —(CH2)qOH;
        or, if R3, R5 and R6 are hydrogen, R4 is additionally a radical of formula III
    
    






    
    
         wherein R1 is as defined above for n=1;
        R6 is hydrogen, or, when R4 is hydroxy, R6 can also be C1–C25alkyl or C3–C25alkenyl;
        R7, R8, R9, R10 and R11 are each independently of one another hydrogen; halogen; hydroxy; C1–C25alkyl; C2–C25alkyl which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or
    
    






    
    
         C1–C25alkoxy; C2–C25alkoxy which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or
    
    






    
    
         C1–C25alkylthio; C3–C25-alkenyl; C3–C25alkenyloxy; C3–C25alkynyl; C3–C25alkynyloxy; C7–C9phenylalkyl; C7–C9phenylalkoxy; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted phenyl; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted phenoxy; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted C5–C8cycloalkyl; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted C5–C8cycloalkoxy; C1–C4alkylamino; di(C1–C4alkyl)amino; C1–C25alkanoyl; C3–C25alkanoyl which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or
    
    






    
    
         C1–C25alkanoyloxy; C3–C25alkanoyloxy which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or
    
    






    
    
         C1–C25alkanoylamino; C3–C25alkenoyl; C3–C25alkenoyl which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or
    
    






    
    
         C3–C25alkenoyloxy; C3–C25alkenoyloxy which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or
    
    






    
    
         C6–C9cycloalkylcarbonyl; C6–C9cycloalkylcarbonyloxy; benzoyl or C1–C12alkyl-substituted benzoyl; benzoyloxy or C1–C12alkyl-substituted benzoyloxy;
    
    






    
    
         or
    
    






    
    
         or, in formula II, R7 and R8, or R8 and R11, together with the linking carbon atoms, form a benzene ring;
        R12 and R13 are each independently of the other unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted phenylene or naphthylene;
        R14 is hydrogen or C1–C8alkyl;
        R15 and R′15 independently are hydroxy;
    
    






  
    [
    
      
        —O
        -
      
      ⁢
      
        1
        r
      
      ⁢
      
        M
        
          r
          +
        
      
    
    ]
  
  ;




    
    
         C1–C20alkoxy; C3–C20alkoxy interrupted by O and/or substituted by a radical selected from OH, phenoxy, C7–C15alkylphenoxy, C7–C15alkoxyphenoxy; or are C5–C12cycloalkoxy; C7–C17phenylalkoxy; phenoxy;
    
    






    
    
         or a group of the formula IIIa or IIIb
    
    






    
    
        R16 and R17 are each independently of the other hydrogen, CF3, C1–C12alkyl or phenyl, or R16 and R17, together with the linking carbon atom, are a C5–C8cycloalkylidene ring which is unsubstituted or substituted by 1 to 3 C1–C4alkyl;
        R18 and R19 are each independently of the other hydrogen, C1–C4alkyl or phenyl;
        R20 is hydrogen or C1–C4alkyl;
        R21 is hydrogen; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted phenyl; C1–C25alkyl; C2–C25alkyl which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or
    
    






    
    
         C7–C9phenylalkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted at the phenyl moiety by 1 to 3 C1–C4alkyl; C7–C25phenylalkyl which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or
    
    






    
    
         and which is unsubstituted or substituted at the phenyl moiety by 1 to 3 C1–C4alkyl; or R20 and R21, together with the linking carbon atoms, form a C5–C12cycloalkylene ring which is unsubstituted or substituted by 1 to 3 C1–C4alkyl;
        R22 is hydrogen or C1–C4alkyl;
        R23 is hydrogen; C1–C25alkanoyl; C3–C25alkenoyl; C3–C25alkanoyl which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or
    
    






    
    
         C2–C25alkanoyl which is substituted by a di(C1–C6alkyl)phosphonate group; C6–C9cycloalkylcarbonyl; thenoyl; furoyl; benzoyl or C1–C12alkyl-substituted benzoyl;
    
    


















    
    
         or
    
    






    
    
        R24 and R25 are each independently of the other hydrogen or C1–C18alkyl;
        R26 is hydrogen or C1–C8alkyl;
        R27 is a direct bond; C1–C18alkylene; C2–C18alkylene which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or
    
    






    
    
         C2–C18alkenylene; C2–C20alkylidene; C7–C20phenylalkylidene; C5–C8cycloalkylene; C7–C8bicycloalkylene; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted phenylene;
    
    






    
    
         or
    
    






    
    
        R28 is hydroxy,
    
    






  
    [
    
      
        —O
        -
      
      ⁢
      
        1
        r
      
      ⁢
      
        M
        
          r
          +
        
      
    
    ]
  
  ,




    
    
         C1–nC18alkoxy or
    
    






    
    
        R29 is oxygen or —NH—;
        R30 is C1–C18alkyl or phenyl;
        R31 is hydrogen or C1–C18alkyl;
        R32 is C1–C18alkanoyl; C1–C8alkanoyl substituted by phenyl or C7–C15alkylphenyl; C3–C18alkenoyl; cyclohexylcarbonyl; or naphthylcarbonyl;
        L is a linking group of valency (k+1) and is as a divalent group —O—; Q—C2–C12alkylene-Q; —O—CH2—CH(OH)—CH2—O—; —Q—C2–C12alkylene-Q—CO—CvH2v—O—; —O—C2–C12alkylene-O—CH2—CH(OH)—CH2—O—; Q-interrupted Q—C4–C12alkylene-Q; Q-phenylene-Q or Q-phenylene-D-phenylene-Q with D being C1–C4alkylene, O, S, SO or SO2;
        L as a trivalent group is Q-capped C3–C12alkanetriyl, a trivalent residue of a hexose or a hexitol, or a group (—O—CH2)3C—CH2OH; —Q—CaH2a—N(CbH2b—Q—)—CcH2c—Q—; —Q—C3–C12alkanetriyl(—Q—CO—CvH2v—O—)2; —O—C3–C12alkanetriyl(—O—CH2—CH(OH)—CH2—O—)2; and
        L as a tetravalent group is a tetravalent residue of a hexose or a hexitol; —Q—C4–C12alkanetetryl(—Q—CO—CvH2v—O—)3; —O—C4–C12alkanetetryl(—O—CH2—CH(OH)—CH2—O—)3; Q-capped C4–C12alkanetetryl; a group
    
    






    
    
         or a group
    
    






    
    
        M is an r-valent metal cation;
        Q is oxygen or —NH—;
        X is a direct bond, oxygen, sulphur or —NR31—;
        Z is a linking group of valency (k+1) and is as a divalent group C2–C12alkylene; Q-interrupted C4–C12alkylene; phenylene or phenylene-D-phenylene with D being C1–C4alkylene, O, S, SO or SO2;
        Z as a trivalent group is C3–C12alkanetriyl, a trivalent residue of a hexose or a hexitol, a group (—CH2)3C—CH2OH, or a group —CaH2a—N(CbH2b—)—CcH2c—; and
        Z as a tetravalent group is a tetravalent, carbon-ended residue of a hexose or a hexitol, C4–C12alkanetetryl, a group
    
    






    
    
         or a group
    
    






    
    
        a, b, c and k independently are 1, 2 or 3;
        m is 0 or a number from the range 1–12, preferably 1–6;
        n is 1 or 2;
        q is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6;
        r is 1, 2 or 3; and
        s is 0, 1 or 2;
        v is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8, preferably 1 or 2;
        provided that, when R7 is hydroxy, alkanoyloxy or alkanoyloxy interrupted by O, S or N(R14) and R9 is hydrogen, R10 is not identical with R4; and when R9 is hydroxy, alkanoyloxy or alkanoyloxy interrupted by O, S or N(R14) and R7 is hydrogen, R8 is not identical with R4.
    
    


Of certain technical interest is a process, where in the compound of formula I R2, R3, R4 and R5 are each independently of one another hydrogen, chloro, hydroxy, C1–C25alkyl, C7–C9phenylalkyl, unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted phenyl; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted C5–C8cycloalkyl; C1–C18alkoxy, C1–C18alkylthio, C1–C4alkylamino, di(C1–C4-alkyl)amino, C1–C25alkanoyloxy, C1–C25alkanoylamino, C3–C25alkenoyloxy; C3–C25alkanoyloxy which is interrupted by oxygen, sulfur or




C6–C9cycloalkylcarbonyloxy, benzoyloxy or C1–C12alkyl-substituted benzoyloxy; or R2 and R3, or R3 and R4, or R4 and R5, together with the linking carbon atoms, form a benzene ring; or R4 is —CmH2m—COR15 or —(CH2)qOH or, if R3, R5 and R6 are hydrogen, R4 is additionally a radical of formula III; and

    
    
        R15 is hydroxy,
    
    






  
    [
    
      
        —O
        -
      
      ⁢
      
        1
        r
      
      ⁢
      
        M
        
          r
          +
        
      
    
    ]
  
  ,




    
    
         C1–C20alkoxy,
    
    






    
    
         or a group of the formula IIIa.

R1 is preferably a radical of formula II. These preferred compounds of formula I advantageously carry at least one hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radical R2, R3, R4, R5, R7, R8, R9, R10 and/or R11, where the total number of carbon atoms in all radicals together is at least 3. More preferred compounds comprise one or more substituents among R2–R5 and R7–R11, wherein the total number of carbon atoms in all substituents together is 4–35, especially 7–30.

    
    


In preferred compounds of formula I, R7 and R9 are each independently of one another hydrogen; halogen; C1–C25alkyl; C2–C25alkyl which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or




C2–C25alkoxy which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or





C1–C25alkylthio; C3–C25alkenyl; C3–C25alkenyloxy; C3–C25alkynyl; C3–C25alkynyloxy; C7–C9phenylalkyl; C7–C9phenylalkoxy; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted phenyl; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted phenoxy; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted C5–C8cycloalkyl; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted C5–C8cycloalkoxy; C1–C4alkylamino; di(C1–C4alkyl)amino; C1–C25alkanoyl; C3–C25alkanoyl which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or





C1–C25alkanoylamino; C3–C25alkenoyl; C3–C25alkenoyl which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or





C6–C9cycloalkylcarbonyl; benzoyl or C1–C12alkyl-substituted benzoyl;





    
    
         or
    
    






more preferably, R7 and R9 are hydrogen; halogen; C1–C25alkyl; C2–C25alkyl which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or





C3–C25-alkenyl; C3–C25alkynyl; C7–C9phenylalkyl; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted phenyl; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted C5–C8cycloalkyl;

    
    
        most preferably, R7 and R9 are hydrogen; halogen, C1–C25alkyl; C3–C25-alkenyl; C3–C25alkynyl; C7–C9phenylalkyl; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted phenyl; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted C5–C8cycloalkyl; especially hydrogen, chloro or C1–C18alkyl.
    
    


R8, R10 and R11 are often as defined above for R7 and R9 in the preferred compounds of formula I, or one of these residues, especially R11, is OH, C1–C25alkoxy, phenyl, di(C1–C4alkylamino, C1–C25alkanoyloxy, or




Further objects of the invention are the use of a compound of the formula I in colour photographic material, especially as Dox-scavenger, and a photographic material containing a compound of the formula I, especially as herein defined below, e.g. of formula IV.
R1 may be, for example, the cyclic residue defied above which is unsubstituted or substituted by C1–C4alkyl, C1–C4alkoxy, C1–C4alkylthio, hydroxy, halogen, amino, C1–C4alkylamino, phenylamino or di(C1–C4alkyl)amino. Examples and preferred meanings are as given in U.S. Pat. No. 5,814,692, column 6, line 9, until column 7, line 20; these passages are hereby incorporated by reference.
Halogen is typically chloro, bromo or iodo. Chloro is preferred.
Alkanoyl of up to 25 carbon atoms is a branched or unbranched radical, typically formyl, acetyl, propionyl, butanoyl, pentanoyl, hexanoyl, heptanoyl, octanoyl, nonanoyl, decanoyl, undecanoyl, dodecanoyl, tridecanoyl, tetradecanoyl, pentadecanoyl, hexadecanoyl, heptadecanoyl, octadecanoyl, eicosanoyl or docosanoyl. Alkanoyl of 2 to 18, in particular of 2 to 12, e.g. of 2 to 6, carbon atoms is preferred. Acetyl is particularly preferred. Examples for alkanoyl or alkanoyloxy (oxygen-capped alkanoyl) as well as alkanoyl interrupted by O, S or NR14, and preferred meanings are as given in U.S. Pat. No. 5,814,692, column 7, lines 31–48, and column 8, lines 14–38; these passages are hereby incorporated by reference.
Alkenoyl of 3 to 25 carbon atoms is a branched or unbranched radical, typically propenoyl, 2-butenoyl, 3-butenoyl, isobutenoyl. Alkenoyloxy is oxygen-capped alkenoyl. Examples and preferred meanings for alkenoyl(oxy) as well as alkenoyl interrupted by O, S or NR14 are as given in U.S. Pat. No. 5,814,692, column 7, line 48, until column 8, line 13; these passages are hereby incorporated by reference.
Examples and preferred meanings for C6–C9cycloalkylcarbonyl or C6–C9cycloalkylcarbonyloxy, C1–C12alkyl-substituted benzoyl or benzoyloxy, C1–C25alkyl, C3–C25alkenyl, C3–C25alkenyloxy, C3–C25alkynyl such as propargyl (—CH2—C≡CH), alkynyloxy (oxygen capped alkynyl), C2–C25alkyl interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or NR14; C7–C9phenylalkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted or interrupted; phenylalkoxy such as benzyloxy; alkyl substituted phenyl or phenoxy; C5–C8cycloalkyl or cycloalkoxy which is unsubstituted or substituted by alkyl; C1–C25alkoxy or O, S or NR14-interrupted C2–C25alkoxy; alkylthio; alkylamino or di(C1–C4alkyl)amino; alkanoylamino; or divalent residues such as C1–C4alkyl substituted C5–C12cycloalkylene, interrupted C2–C18alkylene, C2–C9alkenylene, C2–C20alkylidene, phenylalkylidene, C5–C8cycloalkylene, C7–C8bicycloalkylene, unsubstituted or alkyl substituted phenylene or naphthylene, or alkyl substituted cycloalkylidene are as given in U.S. Pat. No. 5,814,692, column 8, line 39, until column 12, line 22; these passages are hereby incorporated by reference.
One of the preferred meanings of R2 and R4 is, for example, C1–C18alkyl. A particularly preferred meaning of R4 is C1–C4alkyl. One of R2 and R4 is preferably a branched radical; especially preferred are both R2 and R4 branched radicals.
A mono-, di- or tri-valent metal cation is preferably an alkali metal cation, alkaline earth metal cation or aluminum cation, typically Na+, K+, Mg++, Ca++ or Al+++.
Preferred are compositions containing a compound of formula I, wherein

    
    
        R2, R3 and R5, independently, are H, Cl, hydroxy, C1–C25alkyl, C7–C9phenylalkyl, unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted phenyl; C1–C18alkoxy, C1–C25alkanoyloxy, C3–C25alkenoyloxy; and where
        R4 is Cl, hydroxy, C1–C25alkyl, C7–C9phenylalkyl, unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted phenyl; C1–C18alkoxy, C1–C25alkanoyloxy, C3–C25alkenoyloxy or is a group —CmH2m—COR15, —O—(CvH2v)—COR′15, —O—(CH2)q—OR32, —OCH2—CH(OH)—CH2—R′15, —OCH2—CH(OH)—CH2—OR32, or where R3, R5 and R6 are H, R4 may be a residue of formula III, or where R8 or R10 are other than H, R4 may also be hydrogen;
        R6 is H,
        R7 and R9 are each independently of one another hydrogen; halogen; C1–C25alkyl; C2–C25alkyl which is interrupted by oxygen, sulfur or
    
    






    
    
         C3–C25-alkenyl; C3–C25alkynyl; C7–C9phenylalkyl; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted phenyl; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted C5–C8cycloalkyl;
        R8, R10 and R11 independently are H, halogen, hydroxy, C1–C25alkyl, O interrupted C2–C25alkyl; C1–C25alkoxy, O interrupted C2–C25alkoxy, C3–C25alkenyl, C3–C25alkenyloxy, C7–C9phenylalkyl, C7–C9phenylalkoxy, unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted phenyl; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl substituted phenoxy; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl substituted C5–C8cycloalkyl; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl substituted C5–C8cycloalkoxy; C1–C4alkylamino, di(C1–C4-alkyl)amino, C1–C25alkanoyl; C1–C25alkanoyloxy; C6–C9cycloalkylcarbonyl, C6–C9cycloalkylcarbonyloxy, benzoyl or C1–C12alkyl-substituted benzoyl; benzoyloxy or C1–C12alkyl substituted benzoyloxy;
    
    






    
    
         or
    
    






    
    
         or where in formula II R7 and R8 or R8 and R11 together with the carbon atoms, they are bonded to, form a phenyl ring;
        R15 and R′15 independently are C1–C18alkoxy; C3–C20alkoxy interrupted by O and/or substituted by a radical selected from OH, phenoxy, C7–C15alkylphenoxy, C7–C15alkoxyphenoxy; or are C5–C12cycloalkoxy; C7–C17phenylalkoxy; phenoxy; or —NR23R24; or a group of formula IIIa or IIIb;
        R16 and R17 independently are H, CF3, C1–C12alkyl or phenyl; or R16 and R17 together with the bonding carbon atom form an unsubstituted or 1–3 C1–C4alkyl-substituted C5–C8cycloalkylidene ring;
        R18 and R19 independently are H, C1–C4alkyl or phenyl;
        R20 is H or C1–C4alkyl;
        R21 is H, unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl substituted phenyl; C1–C25alkyl, unsubstituted or on the phenyl ring 1–3 C1–C4alkyl-substituted C7–C9phenylalkyl;
        R22 is H or C1–C4alkyl;
        R23 is H, C1–C25alkanoyl, C3–C25alkenoyl; di(C1–C6alkyl)phosphonate-substituted C2–C25alkanoyl; C6–C9cycloalkylcarbonyl, thenoyl, furoyl, benzoyl or C1–C12alkyl-substituted benzoyl;
    
    


















    
    
         or
    
    






    
    
        R24 and R25 independently are H or C1–C18alkyl;
        R26 is H or C1–C8alkyl; R27 is a direct bond, C1–C18alkylen, C2–C18alkenylen, C7–C20phenylalkyliden, C5–C8cycloalkylen, unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted
    
    






    
    
         or
    
    






    
    
        R28 C1–C18alkoxy or
    
    






    
    
        R29 is O or —NH—;
        R30 is C1–C18alkyl or phenyl;
        M a metal cation of the valency r;
        X a direct bond, O, S or —NR31—;
        n is 1 or 2;
        m is a number from the range 1–8;
        q 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6;
        r 1, 2 or 3; and
        s is 0, 1 or 2.
    
    


More preferred for use according to present invention is a compound of the formula IV




wherein

    
    
        R2 is H or C1–C20alkyl;
        R3 is H or C1–C18alkyl;
        R4 is C1–C8alkyl, H, C1–C6alkoxy or a group —CmH2m—COR15; —O—(CvH2v)—COR15, —O—(CH2)q—OR32; —OCH2—CH(OH)—CH2—R15; —OCH2—CH(OH)—CH2—OR32; or a group of the formula III;
        R5 is H or C1–C18alkyl;
        R7 and R9 are each independently of one another hydrogen; halogen; C1–C25alkyl; C3–C25alkenyl C3–C25alkynyl; C7–C9phenylalkyl; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted phenyl; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted C5–C8cycloalkyl;
        R8, R10 and R11 independently are H, OH, chloro, C1–C18alkyl, C1–C18alkoxy, di(C1–C4alkyl)amino, C7–C9phenylalkyl; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted phenyl; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted C5–C8cycloalkyl; C2–C18alkanoyloxy, C3–C18alkoxycarbonylalkoxy or
    
    






    
    
         especially wherein at least 2 of the residues R7, R8, R9, R10, R11 are H;
        R15 is C1–C18alkoxy; C3–C20alkoxy interrupted by O; or are cyclohexyloxy; C7–C17phenylalkoxy; phenoxy; or a group of formula IIIa or IIIb;
        R16 and R17 independently are H, C1–C12alkyl or phenyl; or R16 and R17 together with the bonding carbon atom form a C5–C8cycloalkylidene ring;
        R20, R21 and R22 independently are H or C1–C4alkyl;
        R23 is H, C2–C16alkanoyl or a group
    
    






    
    
        R26 is C1–C4alkyl;
        R32 is C1–C18alkanoyl; C1–C8alkanoyl substituted by phenyl or C7–C15alkylphenyl; C3–C18alkenoyl; cyclohexylcarbonyl; or naphthylcarbonyl;
        L is a divalent group —O—; Q—C2–C12alkylene-Q; —O—CH2—CH(OH)—CH2—O—; —Q—C2–C12alkylene-Q—CO—CvH2v—O—; —O—C2–C12alkylene-O—CH2—CH(OH)—CH2—O—;
        Q is oxygen;
        Z is C2–C12alkylene;
        k is 1;
        m is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6;
        v is 1 or 2; and
        s is 0, 1 or 2. Groups of formulae III, IIIa and IIIb are as defined above for formula I.
    
    


R4 is preferably not H, most preferably not H and not OH. Especially preferred is a compound wherein R4 is C1–C6alkyl, especially tertiary C4–C6alkyl, or a group —CmH2m—COR15, —O—(CvH2v)—COR15, —O—(CH2)q—OR32, —OCH2—CH(OH)—CH2—R15, —OCH2—CH(OH)—CH2—OR32, or a group of the formula III, especially —CmH2m—COR15 or a group of the formula III.
Most preferred for use according to present invention is a compound of the formula IV wherein

    
    
        R2 is C1–C20alkyl;
        R3 is H or C1–C18alkyl;
        R4 is C1–C6alkyl, C1–C6alkoxy or a group —CmH2m—COR15 or a group of the formula III;
        R5 is H or C1–C18alkyl;
        R7 and R9 independently are H, chloro, C1–C18alkyl;
        R8, R10 and R11 independently are H, OH, chloro, C1–C18alkyl, C1–C18alkoxy, di(C1–C4alkyl)amino, phenyl, C2–C18alkanoyloxy or
    
    






    
    
        R15 is C1–C18alkoxy or a group of the formula IIIa;
        R20, R21 and R22 are H;
        R23 is H, C2–C18alkanoyl or a group
    
    






    
    
        R26 is C1–C4alkyl;
        Q is oxygen;
        Z is C2–C12alkylene;
        k is 1;
        m is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 and
        s is 0, 1 or 2.
    
    


Of special interest are those compounds of formula IV wherein R7 is H and R9 is H or methyl.
More interesting is a process where in the compound of formula I, if n=1, R1 is phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted in para-position by C1–C18alkylthio or di(C1–C4-alkyl)amino; mono- to penta-substituted alkylphenyl containing together a total of at most 18 carbon atoms in the 1 to 5 alkyl substituents; naphthyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, phenanthryl, anthryl, fluorenyl, carbazolyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, phenothiazinyl or 5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthyl which are unsubstituted or substituted by C1–C4-alkyl, C1–C4alkoxy, C1–C4alkylthio, hydroxy or amino.
Also preferred compositions contain compounds of the formula I wherein the bonding atom in R2 is a secondary or tertiary carbon atom, especially wherein R2 is secondary C6–C22 alkyl or tertiary C4–C22alkyl or phenyl or substituted phenyl or alkyl or alkoxy interrupted by COO; R4 is secondary C6–C22 alkyl or tertiary C4–C22alkyl or a group of formula III or alkyl or alkoxy interrupted by COO; and R11 is H or methyl or phenyl or alkyl or alkoxy interrupted by COO. Of special technical interest are compounds whose residues R2, R4 or R11 contain an ester group.
Especially preferred are compounds of the formula IV wherein

    
    
        R2 is H or C1–C20alkyl;
        R3 is H or C1–C18alkyl;
        R4 is C1–C6alkyl, —(CH2)p—COR15 or —C(CH3)2—(CH2)p—COR15;
        R5 is H or C1–C18alkyl;
        R7, R8, R9, R10 and R11 independently are H, C1–C18alkyl, C1–C18alkoxy or
    
    






    
    
         especially wherein at least 2 of the residues R7, R8, R9, R10, R11 are H;
        R15 is C1–C18alkoxy;
        R20, R21 and R22 are H; and
        p is 2 or 3.
    
    


Compounds of the formula I or IV can be obtained according to methods known in the art, e.g. as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,814,692 or publications cited therein, or, like compounds of formula V and VI, in analogy to those methods. Some compounds of the formula I are commercially available.
Lactones of present formula I are preferably used to trap the oxidised form of a developer having the following general structure:




where

    
    
        A=C1–C6-alkyl;
        n=1–6;
        X=Hydrogen, hydroxy, C1–C8-alkoxy, COR15, NHSO2R30, where R15 and R30 are as defined for formulae I or IV;
        Y=C1–C8alkyl, C1–C8alkoxy, halogen; m=0–4.
    
    


In the above structure the preferred substituents are A=—CH2CH3 and n=2, X=hydrogen or —NHSO2CH3 or —OH or —OCH3, Y=hydrogen or —CH3 and m=1.
Examples of these are 4-amino-N,N-diethylaniline, 3-methyl-4-amino-N,N-diethylaniline, 4-amino-N-ethyl-N-α-hydroxyethylaniline, 3-methyl-4-amino-N-ethyl-N-α-hydroxyethylaniline, 3-methyl-4-amino-N-ethyl-N-α-hydroxyethylaniline, 3-methyl-4-amino-N-ethyl-N-α-methanesulphonamidoethylaniline, 3-methyl-4-amino-N-ethyl-N-α-methoxyethyl-aniline, 3-α-methanesulphonamidoethyl-4-amino-N,N-diethylaniline, 3-methoxy-4-amino-N-ethyl-N-α-hydroxyethylaniline, 3-methoxy-4-amino-N-ethyl-N-α-methoxyethylaniline, 3-acetamido-4-amino-N,N-diethylaniline, 4-amino-N,N-dimethylaniline, N-ethyl-N-α-[α′-(α′′-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl-3-methyl-4-aminoaniline, N-ethyl-N-α-(α′-methoxyethoxy)ethyl-3-methyl-4-aminoaniline, and also the salts of such compounds, for example sulphates, hydrochlorides or toluenesulphonates.
The photographic materials according to this invention comprise a support bearing at least one layer of a light-sensitive silver halide emulsion.
Examples of colour photographic materials according to this invention are colour negative films, colour reversal films, colour positive films, colour photographic paper, colour reversal photographic paper, colour-sensitive materials for the dye diffusion transfer process or the silver dye bleach process.
Of especial interest is a colour photographic recording material comprising, on a base, at least one blue-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer containing at least one yellow dye providing compound, at least one green-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer containing at least one magenta dye providing compound, at least one red-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer containing at least one cyan dye providing compound, and customary (non light sensitive) top layer(s) and interlayers separating the light-sensitive layers. The layers of the colour photographic material can be arranged in various orders as is well known in the art.
The compound of the formula I or IV can be contained in any of the layers of the photographic material, i.e. in any of the light sensitive silver halide emulsion layers or in a non light sensitive layer. For use as a Dox scavenger, the compound of the formula I is preferably contained in one or more non light sensitive layers. In this case, the light sensitive layers may contain a lower concentration of the compound of the formula I or none.
Compounds of formula I are preferably incorporated in an interlayer adjacent to the green-sensitive layer containing a magenta coupler. Preferred colour photographic materials within this invention are those wherein the magenta coupler is of the pyrazolo-azole type, e.g. as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,538,840, column 49, line 51, until column 69, line 27, and publications cited therein; this section of U.S. Pat. No. 5,538,840 is hereby incorporated by reference. Also preferred is a colour photographic material, wherein the silver halide emulsion contains at least 95 mol-% AgCl.
In general, the compounds of the formula I or IV are contained in the photographic material in an amount from 10 to 1000 mg/m2, especially from 30 to 500 mg/m2.
The lactones of formula I or IV can be milled with polymers (e.g. PVS, polyester, polyvinyl alcohol etc.) and placed in a layer thus preventing their migration to adjacent layers. Also, the benzofuranones containing a suitable functional group (e.g. ester, hydroxy) can be reacted with a polymer, e.g. a polyvinyl alcohol or polyester, in order to attach them chemically. This form will reduce their migrating tendency.
Typical bases for the photographic material include polymeric films and paper (including polymer-coated paper). Details regarding supports and other layers of colour photographic recording materials can be found in Research Disclosure, Item 36544, September 1994.
Essential constituents of the photographic emulsion layers are binders, silver halide particles and colour couplers. Details regarding the constituents of the light sensitive layers and other (non light sensitive) layers such as top layers and interlayers separating the silver halide emulsion layers can be found in Research Disclosure, Item 38957, September 1996.
The invention therefore also pertains to a colour photographic material comprising a compound of the formula I or IV, and to the use of a compound of the formula I or IV as an additive in a colour photographic material.
Preferred compounds of the formula I or IV in the colour photographic material of the invention or the corresponding use are as described for the process of the invention.
Compounds of present invention are of special advantage when incorporated into photographic materials containing magenta couplers of the pyrazolotriazole class.
Examples for especially suitable yellow, magenta and cyan couplers to be used in combination with compounds of the present invention are as given in U.S. Pat. No. 5,538,840, column 33, line 3, until column 73, line 34, and publications cited therein. These passages of U.S. Pat. No. 5,538,840 are hereby incorporated by reference.
The compounds of the formula (I) which can be used in the context of this invention can be incorporated into the colour photographic recording material, on their own or together with the colour coupler and with or without further additives, by pre-dissolving them in high-boiling organic solvents. Preference is given to the use of solvents which boil at higher than 160° C. Typical examples of these solvents are the esters of phthalic acid, phosphonic acid, citric acid, benzoic acid or of fatty acids, and also alkylamides and phenols.
Further details on the structure of the colour photographic material of the invention, and the components or further additives which can be employed in the novel material, can be found, inter alia, in U.S. Pat. No. 5,538,840, column 27, line 25, to column 33, line 2; and further in U.S. Pat. No. 5,538,840 from column 74, line 18, to column 106, line 16; and in U.S. Pat. No. 5,780,625, column 12, line 6, until column 57, line 6, and the publications cited in these 2 references; these passages of U.S. Pat. No. 5,538,840 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,780,625 are hereby incorporated by reference. Other useful information, how compounds of the formula I can be used in photographic material, can be taken from EP-A-871066, page 10, line 10, until page 11, line 32, especially the references cited therein.
The photographic layers in the material of this invention may also include UV absorbers, which screen out the UV light and therefore protect the dyes, the couplers or other components against photodegradation. Benzofuran-2-ones compounds according to this invention may be contained in those layers where UV absorbers are present.
UV absorbers preferably to be used in the novel material or within the process of present invention include benzotriazoles, 2-hydroxybenzophenones, oxanilides, cyanoacrylates, salicyclic esters, acrylonitrile derivatives, thiazolines and 2-hydroxyphenyltriazines.
GB-A-2319523 describes from page 49, line 21, until page 73, line 2, further details of the colour photographic material, especially couplers (page 52, line 1, until page 56, line 22), UV absorbers (page 56, line 25, until page 68, line 1) and dark stablisers (page 68, line 2, until page 73, line 2). Preferred UV absorbers of the 2-hydroxyphenyltriazine class are also described in detail, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 5,668,200, column 1, line 30, until column 7, line 55, and as specific examples from column 26, line 31, until column 32, last line, and, together with some advantageous UV absorbers of the benzotriazole class, in U.S. Pat. No. 5,300,414, column 2 to column 10, line 54. These sections of U.S. Pat. No. 5,668,200 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,300,414 are hereby incorporated by reference.
The compounds of formula I may be used in combination with any known Dox scavengers such as hydrazines, hydrazides, hydroquinones of e.g. formula HQ-1 or HQ-2; 6-hydroxychromanes of e.g. formula A-3 or hydroxylamines of e.g. formula A-4:




As silver halide emulsions it is possible to use customary silver chloride, silver bromide or silver iodide emulsions or mixtures thereof, such as silver chlorobromide and silver chloroiodide emulsions, in which the silver halides may have all known crystal forms. The use of silver chloride emulsions is accorded particular importance in the material of this novel process. The preparation of such emulsions and their sensitization are described in research disclosure, Item 307105, November 1989.
Besides their use in colour photographic materials, compounds of formula (I) or especially (IV) can also find utility in other recording materials, such as digital recording materials, for example, those for pressure-sensitive copying systems, microcapsule photocopier systems, heat-sensitive copier systems and ink-jet printing. By such materials are meant, for example, those described in Research Disclosure, Item 31429, 1990. Preparation and details of non-silver halide recording material of the invention especially for ink-jet printing can be taken from U.S. Pat. No. 5,686,633, column 6, line 55, until column 8, line 6, and U.S. Pat. No. 5,073,448, column 6, line 43, until column 11, line 57; these sections of U.S. Pat. No. 5,686,633 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,073,448 are hereby incorporated by reference. The inks according to the invention preferably contain 0.01–30% by weight, in particular 0.1–20% by weight, of a compound of the formula (I) or (IV).
Some of the compounds of the formula I are new compounds. Thus, the invention also pertains to a compound of the formula V or VI




wherein

    
    
        R4 is —(CH2)s—COR′15 or —CH(CH3)—COR15 or —CtH2t—COR15, wherein CtH2t is a straight chain or branched alkylene moiety; or R4 is —O—(CvH2v)—COR15; —O—(CH2)q—OR32; —OCH2—CH(OH)—CH2—R15; or —OCH2—CH(OH)—CH2—OR32;
        R′7 is C1–C4alkyl and R′8 is hydrogen or C1–C4alkyl;
        R15 is hydroxy;
    
    






  
    [
    
      
        —O
        -
      
      ⁢
      
        1
        r
      
      ⁢
      
        M
        
          r
          +
        
      
    
    ]
  
  ;




    
    
         C1–C20alkoxy; C3–C20alkoxy interrupted by O and/or substituted by a radical selected from OH, phenoxy, C7–C15alkylphenoxy, C7–C15alkoxyphenoxy; or R15 is C5–C12cycloalkoxy; C7–C17phenylalkoxy; phenoxy;
    
    






    
    
         or a group of formula IIIa or IIIb;
        R′15 is C3–C20alkoxy interrupted by O and/or substituted by a radical selected from OH, phenoxy, C7–C15alkylphenoxy, C7–C15alkoxyphenoxy; or R15 is C5–C12cycloalkoxy; C7–C17phenylalkoxy; phenoxy; or a group of formula IIIa or IIIb;
        R32 is C1–C18alkanoyl; C1–C8alkanoyl substituted by phenyl or C7–C15alkylphenyl; C3–C18alkenoyl; cyclohexylcarbonyl; or naphthylcarbonyl;
        L is a linking group of valency (k+1) and
        L is as a divalent group —O—; Q—C2–C12alkylene-Q; —O—CH2—CH(OH)—CH2—O—; —Q—C2–C12alkylene-Q—CO—CvH2v—O—; —O—C2–C12alkylene-O—CH2—CH(OH)—CH2—O—; Q-interrupted Q—C4–C12alkylene-Q; Q-phenylene-Q or Q-phenylene-D-phenylene-Q with D being C1–C4alkylene, O, S, SO or SO2;
        L as a trivalent group is Q-capped C3–C12alkanetriyl, a trivalent residue of a hexose or a hexitol, or a group (—O—CH2)3C—CH2OH; —Q—CaH2a—N(CbH2b—Q—)—CcH2c—Q—; —Q—C3–C12alkanetriyl(—Q—CO—CvH2v—O—)2; —O—C3–C12alkanetriyl(—O—CH2—CH(OH)—CH2—O—)2; and
        L as a tetravalent group is a tetravalent residue of a hexose or a hexitol; —Q—C4–C12alkanetetryl(—Q—CO—CvH2v—O—)3; —O—C4–C12alkanetetryl(—O—CH2—CH(OH)—CH2—O—)3; Q-capped C4–C12alkanetetryl; a group
    
    






    
    
         or a group
    
    






    
    
        v is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8, preferably 1 or 2;
        Q is oxygen or —NH—,
        Z is a linking group of valency (k+1) and is as a divalent group C2–C12alkylene, Q-interrupted C4–C12alkylene, phenylene or phenylene-D-phenylene with D being C1–C4alkylene, O, S, SO or SO2;
        Z as a trivalent group is C3–C12alkanetriyl, a trivalent residue of a hexose or a hexitol, a group (—CH2)3C—CH2OH, or a group —CaH2a—N(CbH2b—)—CcH2c—; and
        Z as a tetravalent group is a tetravalent residue of a hexose or a hexitol, C4–C12alkanetetryl, a group
    
    






    
    
         or a group
    
    






    
    
        a, b, c and k independently are 1, 2 or 3,
        m is 0 or a number from the range 1–12, preferably 1–6;
        s is 1 or 2;
        and t is a number from the range 3–12, preferably 3–6;
        and all other residues are as defined for formula I if n is 1.
    
    


Preferred compounds of the formula V are, within the limits given, as defined for formulae I or IV above. Also preferred are compounds of formula V, wherein R3 and R5 are H and R2 is C1–C8alkyl, especially tert.butyl or tert.pentyl. Groups of formulae III, IIIa and IIIb are as defined above for formulae I or IV. Where R15 or R′15 contains a group of formula IIIa or IIIb (di-, tri- or tetrameric benzofuranones of formula V), those compounds having symmetrical linking moieties are preferred.
Preferred compounds of the formula VI are those wherein R′7 is methyl or isopropyl and R′8 is hydrogen or methyl.
Compounds of the formulae V and VI are also useful as stabilisers for organic material against degradation by light, oxygen and/or heat. Application of these compounds and methods of stabilising are generally as described in GB-A-2322861; examples for organic material which can be stabilized are listed, for example, in GB-A-2319523 from page 15, line 11, until page 20, line 25; possible costabilizers are as listed, for example in GB-A-2319523 from page 21, line 16, until page 32, bottom line. Examples for organic materials which can be stabilized as well as methods of stabilization are also listed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,668,200, from column 8, line 18, to column 11, line 25, and from column 18, line 29, to column 22, line 53, and additionally in column 25, lines 29–67; possible costabilizers and their dosage are as listed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,668,200, column 11, line 51, to column 18, line 28, and column 22, line 54, to column 25, line 28, and in column 26, lines 9–15; these passages of U.S. Pat. No. 5,668,200 are hereby incorporated by reference. Compounds of the formula V or VI are used for this application preferably in an amount of 0.0005 to 5%, especially 0.01 to 1%, based on the weight of the organic material to be stabilised. The invention also pertains to a composition comprising (a) an organic material which may be subject to degradation by light, oxygen and/or heat, and (b) as stabilizer against these harmful effects a compound of the formula V and/or VI. Most preferred organic materials to be stabilized are synthetic organic polymers and organic dyes, especially thermoplastic polymers such as polyolefin, photographic or materials or coating materials.
Examples for compounds of the formula I to be used within this invention are:






















a) These products may additionally contain minor amounts of other structural isomers in accordance with the substitution at the phenyl ring in 3-position of the benzofuran-2-one. For example, compound 7 comprises the 2 isomers




The synthetic methods used for the preparation of the benzofuran-2-ones shown above are described e.g. in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,607,624 and 5,814,692. Examples for the synthesis of some new compounds among the above are given below from example 8 onwards.
Percentages given in the following examples are by weight if not otherwise indicated. Room temperature denotes a temperature in the range 20–25° C. Abbreviations:

    TCP tricresyl phosphate;
    RH relative humidity;
    m.p. melting point or range;
    NMR nuclear magnetic resonance of 1H;








EXAMPLE 1
To evaluate compounds of this invention with respect to their ability as interlayer scavengers for oxidised developing agent, three layer photographic test elements are prepared by providing layers in the order indicated on a polyethylene-coated paper support:
Test Element 1 (Reference Sample)
(1) A layer containing:

    
    
        1800 mg.m−2 of gelatin
        180 mg.m−2 of dibutylphthalate
        2-sulphonate-4,8-diisobutyl-naphtalene, sodium salt surface active agent
    
    


(2) An interlayer containing:

    
    
        1800 mg.m−2 of gelatin
        300 mg.m−2 of tricresylphosphate
        2-sulphonate-4,8-diisobutyl-naphtalene, sodium salt surface active agent
    
    


(3) A photosensitive layer containing:

    
    
        260 mg.m−2 (based on silver) of an unsensitized silver bromide emulsion
        1800 mg.m−2 of gelatin
        300 mg.m−2 of magenta-dye-forming coupler M-1
        300 mg.m−2 of tricresylphosphate
        2-sulphonate-4,8-diisobutyl-naphtalene, sodium salt surface active agent
        2-hydroxy-4,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine, potassium salt hardener
        7-methyl-5-hydroxy-1,3,8-triazaindolizine antifoggant.

Test Element 2 (Check Sample)

    
    


(1) A layer containing:

    
    
        1800 mg.m−2 of gelatin
        272 mg.m−2 of cyan-dye-forming coupler C-1
        180 mg.m−2 of dibutylphthalate
        2-sulphonate-4,8-diisobutyl-naphtalene, sodium salt surface active agent
    
    


(2) An interlayer having the same composition as the interlayer of test element 1
(3) A photosensitive layer having the same composition as the photosensitive layer of test element 1.
Test Elements 3–8
(1) A layer having the same composition as the first layer of test element 2
(2) An interlayer containing:

    
    
        1800 mg.m−2 of gelatin
        0.056×10−3 mol.m−2 of oxidised developer scavenger as indicated in table 1 below
        300 mg.m−2 of tricresylphosphate
        2-sulphonate-4,8-diisobutyl-naphtalene, sodium salt surface active agent
    
    


(3) A photosensitive layer having the same composition as the photosensitive layer of test element 1.
The test elements are imagewise exposed through a step wedge with density increment 0.15 and thereafter subjected to the AGFA P-94 developing process.
Within test elements 2–9, cyan dye can only be formed by the wandering of the oxidised developer from the layer in which it is formed (i.e. the uppermost layer) to the bottom layer containing the cyan-dye-forming coupler. The ability of an interlayer scavenger to prevent oxidised developer from diffusing into the bottom layer can thus be assessed by determining the cyan density at any chosen exposure amount.
The cyan density at the exposure amount giving a magenta density of 2 is reported in table 1. The cyan density in the test element containing no cyan coupler in the bottom layer (test element 1) arises exclusively from the side absorption of the magenta dye in the red part of the visible spectrum.









TABLE 1







Cyan density



Interlayer
at a magenta


Test element
scavenger
density of 2







1 (reference)
none
0.268


2 (check)
none
0.400


3
Compound 1
0.320


4
Compound 2
0.278


5
Compound 3
0.349


6
Compound 4
0.313


7
Compound 5
0.327


8
Compound 6
0.319









Any cyan density inferior to that observed in sample 2 indicates scavenging of the oxidised developer. It is thus clear from the data in table 1 that compounds within the scope of this invention are very effective in preventing the oxidised developer from wandering and forming dye in the wrong layer.
EXAMPLE 2
Three layer photographic test elements are prepared by providing layers in the order indicated on a polyethylene-coated paper support:
Test Element 9 (Reference Sample)
Same as test element 1 of example 1
Test Element 10 (Check Sample)
(1) A layer containing:

    
    
        1800 mg.m−2 of gelatin
        272 mg.m−2 of cyan-dye-forming coupler C-2
        180 mg.m−2 of dibutylphthalate
        2-sulphonate-4,8-diisobutyl-naphtalene, sodium salt surface active agent
    
    


(2) An interlayer having the same composition as the interlayer of test element 9
(3) A photosensitive layer having the same composition as the photosensitive layer of test element 9.
Test Elements 11–14
(1) A layer having the same composition as the first layer of test element 10
(2) An interlayer containing

    
    
        1800 mg.m−2 of gelatin
        30 mg.m−2 of oxidised developer scavenger as indicated in table 2 below
        300 mg.m−2 of tricresylphosphate
        2-sulphonate-4,8-diisobutyl-naphtalene, sodium salt surface active agent
    
    


(3) A photosensitive layer having the same composition as the photosensitive layer of test element 9.
The test elements are exposed and processed in the same manner as in example 1. The cyan density at the exposure amount giving a magenta density 2 is reported in table 2.









TABLE 2







Cyan density



Interlayer
at a magenta


Test element
scavenger
density of 2







9 (reference)
none
0.264


10 (check)
none
0.372


11
Compound 7
0.284


12
Compound 8
0.308


13
Compound 9
0.300


14
 Compound 24
0.302









According to the data in table 2, the compounds of this invention used in the test elements 11–14 are very effective oxidised developer scavengers.
EXAMPLE 3
Three layer photographic test elements are prepared by providing layers in the order indicated on a polyethylene-coated paper support:
Test Element 15 (Check Sample)
(1) A layer containing:

    
    
        1800 mg.m−2 of gelatin
        272 mg.m−2 of cyan-dye-forming coupler C-2
        180 mg.m−2 of dibutylphthalate
        2-sulphonate-4,8-diisobutyl-naphtalene, sodium salt surface active agent
    
    


(2) An interlayer containing:

    
    
        1800 mg.m−2 of gelatin
        300 mg.m−2 of tricresylphosphate
        2-sulphonate-4,8-diisobutyl-naphtalene, sodium salt surface active agent
    
    


(3) A photosensitive layer containing:

    
    
        260 mg.m−2 of an unsensitized silver bromide emulsion
        1800 mg.m−2 of gelatin
        2-sulphonate-4,8-diisobutyl-naphtalene, sodium salt surface active agent
        2-hydroxy-4,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine, sodium salt hardener
        7-methyl-5-hydroxy-1,3,8-triazaindolizine antifoggant.

Test Elements 16–27

    
    


(1) A layer having the same composition as the first layer of test element 15
(2) An interlayer containing:

    
    
        1800 mg.m−2 of gelatin
        30 mg.m−2 of oxidised developer scavenger as indicated in table 3 below
        300 mg.m−2 of tricresylphosphate
        2-sulphonate-4,8-diisobutyl-naphtalene, sodium salt surface active agent
    
    


(3) A photosensitive layer having the same composition as the photosensitive layer of test element 15.
The test elements are given a stepped exposure and processed as in example 1.
Cyan dye formation within the above described test elements will again only result from the wandering of the oxidised developer from the photosensitive layer to the layer containing the cyan-dye-forming coupler. The ability of an interlayer scavenger to prevent oxidised developer from diffusing into the bottom layer can thus be assessed by measuring the cyan density at any given exposure.
As the above described samples contain no dye-forming coupler in the photosensitive layer, there is almost no consumption of the oxidised developer within the latter and the flux of oxidised developer through the interlayer towards the layer containing the cyan coupler is thus markedly increased as compared to the samples of examples 1 and 2.
In table 3, (Dcyan)1.35 is the cyan density at the exposure amount obtained behind the 1.35 density step of the step wedge. The smaller the (Dcyan)1.35 value, the more effective the scavenging of the oxidised developer.









TABLE 3






Interlayer



Test element
Scavenger
(Dcyan)1.35







15 (check)
none
0.405


16
Compound 7 
0.282


17
Compound 10
0.250


18
Compound 11
0.309


19
Compound 12
0.292


20
Compound 13
0.318


21
Compound 14
0.324


22
Compound 15
0.335


23
Compound 16
0.300


24
Compound 18
0.314


25
Compound 19
0.335


26
Compound 20
0.344


27
Compound 21
0.314









From the data in table 3, it can be seen again that 3-aryl-3H-benzofuran-2-ones according to this invention exhibit outstanding scavenging ability, as evidenced by much smaller cyan density values in the test elements 16–27 as compared to the check sample.
EXAMPLE 4
Three layer photographic test elements are prepared by providing layers in the order indicated on a polyethylene-coated paper support:
Test Element 28 (Reference Sample)
(1) A layer containing:

    
    
        1800 mg.m−2 of gelatin
        180 mg.m−2 of dibutylphthalate
        2-sulphonate-4,8-diisobutyl-naphtalene, sodium salt surface active agent
    
    


(2) An interlayer containing:

    
    
        1800 mg.m−2 of gelatin
        300 mg.m−2 of tricresylphosphate
        2-sulphonate-4,8-diisobutyl-naphtalene, sodium salt surface active agent
    
    


(3) A photosensitive layer containing:

    
    
        260 mg.m−2 of an unsensitized silver bromide emulsion
        1800 mg.m−2 of gelatin
        2-sulphonate-4,8-diisobutyl-naphtalene, sodium salt surface active agent
        2-hydroxy-4,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine, sodium salt hardener
        7-methyl-5-hydroxy-1,3,8-triazaindolizine antifoggant.

Test Element 29 (Check Sample)

    
    


Same as test element 15 of example 3 except that the cyan coupler used was C-1 instead of C-2.
Test Elements 30–33
(1) A layer having the same composition as the first layer of test element 29
(2) An interlayer containing:

    
    
        1800 mg.m−2 of gelatin
        Oxidised developer scavenger as indicated in table 4 below
        300 mg.m−2 of tricresylphosphate
        2-sulphonate-4,8-diisobutyl-naphtalene, sodium salt surface active agent
    
    


(3) A photosensitive layer having the same composition as the photosensitive layer of test element 29.
The test elements are given a stepped exposure and processed as in example 1.
In table 4, (Dcyan)1.05 is the cyan density at the exposure amount obtained behind the 1.05 density step of the step wedge. The smaller the (Dcyan)1.05 value, the more effective the scavenging of the oxidised developer.












TABLE 4








Interlayer





Test element
Scavenger
Concentration
(Dcyan)1.05









28 (reference)
none
—
0.080



29 (check)
none
—
0.482



30
Compound 7
30 mg · m−2
0.390



31
Compound 7
60 mg · m−2
0.313



32
Compound 7
90 mg · m−2
0.202



33
Compound 7
120 mg · m−2 
0.127










From the data in table 4, it can be seen that compound 7 according to this invention effectively prevents the formation of cyan dye, and that the Dox scavenging effect increases in proportion to the amount of added compound.
EXAMPLE 5
Three layer photographic test elements with a light sensitive layer on the bottom are similarly prepared, by providing layers in the order indicated onto a polyethylene coated paper support:
Test Element 34 (Reference Sample)
(1) A photosensitive layer containing:

    
    
        260 mg.m−2 (based on silver) of an unsensitized silver bromide emulsion
        1875 mg.m−2 of gelatin
        250 mg.m−2 of magenta-dye-forming coupler M-2
        250 mg.m−2 of tricresylphosphate
        2-sulphonate-4,8-diisobutyl-naphtalene, sodium salt surface active agent
        7-methyl-5-hydroxy-1,3,8-triazaindolizine antifoggant.
    
    


(2) An interlayer containing:

    
    
        1800 mg.m−2 of gelatin
        300 mg.m−2 of tricresylphosphate
        2-sulphonate-4,8-diisobutyl-naphtalene, sodium salt surface active agent
    
    


(3) A layer containing:

    
    
        1800 mg.m−2 of gelatin
        180 mg.m−2 of dibutylphthalate
        2-sulphonate-4,8-diisobutyl-naphtalene, sodium salt surface active agent
        2-hydroxy-4,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine, potassium salt hardener

Test Element 35 (Check Sample)

    
    


(1) A photosensitive layer having the same composition as the photosensitive layer of test element 34
(2) An interlayer having the same composition as the interlayer of test element 34
(3) A layer containing:

    
    
        1800 mg.m−2 of gelatin
        272 mg.m−2 cyan-dye-forming coupler C-2
        180 mg.m−2 of dibutylphthalate
        2-sulphonate-4,8-diisobutyl-naphtalene, sodium salt surface active agent
        2-hydroxy-4,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine, potassium salt hardener

Test Elements 36–42

    
    


(1) A photosensitive layer having the same composition as the photosensitive layer of test element 34
(2) An interlayer containing:

    
    
        1800 mg.m−2 of gelatin
        20 mg.m-2 of oxidised developer scavenger as indicated in table 5 below
        300 mg.m−2 of tricresylphosphate
        2-sulphonate-4,8-diisobutyl-naphtalene, sodium salt surface active agent
    
    


(3) A layer having the same composition as the top layer of test element 35.
The test elements are imagewise exposed through a step wedge with density increment 0.15 and thereafter subjected to the AGFA P-94 developing process.
Upon processing of the test elements, some oxidised developer migrates from the bottom layer to the top layer, thereby producing unwanted cyan dye.
The cyan density at the exposure amount giving a magenta density 2 is reported in table 5.









TABLE 5







Cyan density



Interlayer
at a magenta


Test element
scavenger
density of 2







34 (reference)
none
0.290


35 (check)
none
0.372


36
Compound 3 
0.324


37
Compound 5 
0.328


38
Compound 7 
0.324


39
Compound 12
0.326


40
Compound 16
0.331


41
Compound 25
0.315


42
Compound 27
0.328









EXAMPLE 6
Three layer photographic test elements are prepared by providing layers in the order indicated on a polyethylene-coated paper support:
Test Elements 46–73
(1) A layer containing:

    
    
        1800 mg.m−2 of gelatin
        an oxidised developer scavenger as indicated in table 6 below
        300 mg.m−2 of tricresylphosphate
        2-sulphonate-4,8-diisobutyl-naphtalene, sodium salt surface active agent
    
    


(2) A photosensitive layer containing:

    
    
        260 mg.m−2 (based on silver) of an unsensitized silver bromide emulsion
        1800 mg.m−2 of gelatin
        a magenta-dye-forming coupler as indicated in table 6
        a magenta dye light stabiliser as indicated in table 6
        tricresyl phosphate (TCP) as a high boiling solvent in the amount indicated in table 6
        2-sulphonate-4,8-diisobutyl-naphtalene, sodium salt surface active agent
        7-methyl-5-hydroxy-1,3,8-triazaindolizine antifoggant.
    
    


(3) A layer containing:

    
    
        1800 mg.m−2 of gelatin
        an oxidised developer scavenger as indicated in table 6
        300 mg.m−2 of tricresylphosphate
        2-sulphonate-4,8-diisobutyl-naphtalene, sodium salt surface active agent
        2-hydroxy-4,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine, potassium salt hardener.
    
    


The test elements are imagewise exposed through a step wedge with density increment 0.30, and thereafter subjected to the AGFA P-94 developing process.
In order to evaluate them for light fastness, the stepped magenta images obtained in this manner are irradiated through an ultraviolet filter in an Atlas device equipped with a 3500 W Xenon lamp.
In a second experiment, magenta images obtained in the above described way are stored in the dark at 60° C., 95% relative humidity (RH) for 72 hours prior to light exposure in the Atlas device.
In all cases the light fastness of the magenta image is evaluated based on the percentage of the residual dye density after 30 kJ/cm2 of light exposure (initial density=1). The results are given in table 6.











TABLE 6











Residual dye after



Middle layer components

exposure (%)














Coupler1
Stabiliser1
Solv.1
Dox
no dark
72 h dark


Test element
(mg · m−2)
(mg · m−2)
(mg · m−2)
scavenger1
storage
storage





46
M-1
S-1
TCP
none
75
75


control
(300)
(225)
(300)


47
M-1
S-1
TCP
HQ-1
74
60


comparison
(300)
(225)
(300)
(80)


48
M-1
S-1
TCP
HQ-2
71
45


comparison
(300)
(225)
(300)
(80)


49
M-1
S-1
TCP
Cpd. 7
76
77


invention
(300)
(225)
(300)
(80)


50
M-1
S-1
TCP
Cpd. 12
77
74


invention
(300)
(225)
(300)
(80)


51
M-1
S-1
TCP
Cpd. 21
75
75


invention
(300)
(225)
(300)
(80)


52
M-1
S-3 + S-4
TCP
none
68
60


control
(300)
(130 + 120)
(300)


53
M-1
S-3 + S-4
TCP
HQ-1
69
41


comparison
(300)
(130 + 120)
(300)
(120)


54
M-1
S-3 + S-4
TCP
HQ-2
65
12


comparison
(300)
(130 + 120)
(300)
(120)


55
M-1
S-3 + S-4
TCP
Cpd. 7
71
56


invention
(300)
(130 + 120)
(300)
(120)


56
M-2
S-3 + S-4
TCP
none
75
69


control
(250)
(100 + 100)
(250)


57
M-2
S-3 + S-4
TCP
HQ-1
72
37


comparison
(250)
(100 + 100)
(250)
(120)


58
M-2
S-3 + S-4
TCP
HQ-2
66
16


comparison
(250)
(100 + 100)
(250)
(120)


59
M-2
S-3 + S-4
TCP
Cpd. 7
74
63


invention
(250)
(100 + 100)
(250)
(120)


60
M-2
S-2 + S-4
TCP
none
71
66


control
(250)
(100 + 100)
(250)


61
M-2
S-2 + S-4
TCP
HQ-1
68
33


comparison
(250)
(100 + 100)
(250)
(120)


62
M-2
S-2 + S-4
TCP
HQ-2
61
22


comparison
(250)
(100 + 100)
(250)
(120)


63
M-2
S-2 + S-4
TCP
Cpd. 7
70
64


invention
(250)
(100 + 100)
(250)
(120)


64
M-2
S-2 + S-4
TCP
none
78
75


control
(250)
(200 + 200)
(250)


65
M-2
S-2 + S-4
TCP
HQ-1
75
45


comparison
(250)
(200 + 200)
(250)
(120)


66
M-2
S-2 + S-4
TCP
HQ-2
70
35


comparison
(250)
(200 + 200)
(250)
(120)


67
M-2
S-2 + S-4
TCP
Cpd. 7
76
70


invention
(250)
(200 + 200)
(250)
(120)


68
M-2
S-2 + S-4
TCP
Cpd. 8
74
70


invention
(250)
(200 + 200)
(250)
(120)


69
M-3
S-5 + S-6
TCP
none
91
98


control
(300)
(50 + 50)
(600)


70
M-3
S-5 + S-6
TCP
HQ-1
88
87


comparison
(300)
(50 + 50)
(600)
(120)


71
M-3
S-5 + S-6
TCP
HQ-2
87
68


comparison
(300)
(50 + 50)
(600)
(120)


72
M-3
S-5 + S-6
TCP
Cpd. 7
91
97


invention
(300)
(50 + 50)
(600)
(120)


73
M-3
S-5 + S-6
TCP
Cpd. 24
90
96


invention
(300)
(50 + 50)
(600)
(120)





1The coated amounts (mg · m−2) are indicated in brackets. For the oxidised developer scavenger, the indicated amounts are for each of the two scavenger-containing layers.






Components used in test elements 46–73:
TCP=Tricresylphosphate







M-1: see above.

From the data in table 6, it can be seen that the oxidised developer scavengers according to this invention are not detrimental to the light stability of the magenta layer, whether the samples are subjected to a preliminary dark storage period at 60° C., 95% RH, or not. In contrast, the comparison hydroquinone scavengers HQ-1 and especially HQ-2 clearly impair the light fastness of the magenta image, especially in test elements that are left under a high temperature and humidity for 72 hours prior to exposure in the Atlas.
EXAMPLE 7
Test element 74 is prepared by providing on a polyethylene-coated paper support a light-sensitive silver halide layer containing:

    
    
        260 mg.m−2 (based on silver) of an unsensitized silver bromide emulsion
        5150 mg.m−2 of gelatin
        305 mg.m−2 of magenta-dye-forming compound M-1
        305 mg.m−2 of tricresylphosphate
        2-sulphonate-4,8-diisobutyl-naphtalene, sodium salt surface active agent
        2-hydroxy-4,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine, potassium salt hardener
        7-methyl-5-hydroxy-1,3,8-triazaindolizine antifoggant
    
    


Test elements 75 and 76 are prepared identically to test element 74, except that the emulsion layer additionally contains 30 mg.m−2 and 75 mg.m−2 of compound 7, respectively.
Test element 77 is prepared by providing on a polyethylene-coated paper support a light-sensitive silver halide layer containing:

    
    
        520 mg.m−2 (based on silver) of an unsensitized silver bromide emulsion
        5150 mg.m−2 of gelatin
        417 mg.m−2 of magenta-dye-forming compound M-4
        208 mg.m−2 of tricresylphosphate
        2-sulphonate-4,8-diisobutyl-naphtalene, sodium salt surface active agent
        2-hydroxy-4,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine, potassium salt hardener
        7-methyl-5-hydroxy-1,3,8-triazaindolizine antifoggant
    
    


Test element 78 is prepared identically to test element 77, except that the emulsion layer additionally contains 105 mg.m−2 of compound 7.
The prepared test elements are imagewise exposed through a step wedge with density increment 0.30 and thereafter subjected to the AGFA P-94 developing process.
The stepped magenta images obtained in this manner are irradiated through an ultraviolet filter in an Atlas device equipped with a 3500 W Xenon lamp.
The light fastness of the magenta image is evaluated based on the percentage of the residual dye density after 15 kJ/cm2 of light exposure (initial density=1). The results are given in table 7.









TABLE 7







Residual dye after 15 kJ · cm−2 of


Test element
Benzofuranone
Atlas exposure (%)







74 (control)
none
31


75
compound 7
48



(30 mg · m−2)


76
compound 7
77



(75 mg · m−2)


77 (control)
none
67


78
compound 7
75



(105 mg · m−2) 









As compared to a layer without added benzofuranone, magenta layers containing compound 7 are more stable to light. The benzofuranone derivatives according to this invention can therefore find utility as light stabilisers for photographic dyes, especially for those dyes that result from pyrazolone or pyrazolo-azole couplers.

Synthesis of New Compounds of Formula I
EXAMPLE 8
5,7-Di-tert-pentyl-3(4-isopropylphenyl)-3H-benzofuran-2-one (Compound No. 26)
a) 2,6-Di-tert-pentylphenol (161.4 g), glyoxylic acid (122.3 g of the 50% b.w. solution in water) and 1.3 g of p-toluene sulphonic acid are heated in 500 ml of ethylenechloride under nitrogen at reflux temperature in an apparatus designed for the removal of water. After 3.5 hours the reaction mixture is cooled to room temperature, washed 3 times with 25 ml water, dried over magnesium sulphite and evaporated under reduced pressure to give 214.3 g of: 5,7-di-tert-pentyl-3-hydroxy-3H-benzofuran-2-one as an orange coloured oil.
b) 29.6 g of the product obtained under (a) are heated together with cumane (150 ml) and an acid earth catalyst (Fulcat® 22 B, supplied by Laport, GB) under nitrogen to reflux. After 2 hours, the reaction mixture is filtered hot. Evaporation of the filtrate gives 35.1 g of raw product, which is subjected to chromatography on silica gel using hexane/ethyl acetate (4:1) as eluant. 26.7 g of the title product (compound No. 26) are obtained as an orange coloured oil. NMR (CDCl3) 3-H: 5.29 ppm.
EXAMPLE 9
Preparation of 7-Isopropyl-5-(4-methoxycarbonyl-1,1-dimethylbutyl)-3,4-dimethylphenyl-3H-benzofuran-2-one (Compound No. 23)
a) 5-Methyl-5-(4-hydroxy-3-isopropyl phenyl)-hexanoic acid methyl ester (10.0 g), glyoxylic acid (6.4 g of the 50% solution in water) and p-toluene sulphonic acid (40 mg) are heated in 40 ml of ethylene chloride under nitrogen at reflux in an apparatus designed for the removal of water. After 5 hours the reaction mixture is cooled to room temperature, washed two times with 25 ml water, dried over magnesium sulphate and evaporated under reduced pressure to give 13 g of 7-isopropyl-5-(4-methoxycarbonyl-1,1-dimethylbutyl)-3-hydroxy-3H-benzofuran-2-one as a yellow oil.
b) 13 g of the above product (a), o-xylene (50 ml) are heated together with an acid earth catalyst (see example 8b) under nitrogen at reflux for 2.5 hours. The reaction mixture is filtered hot and the filtrate evaporated to give 16.6 g of a yellow oil. This is chromatographed over silica gel using hexane/ethylacetate 20:5 as eluant. 10.4 g of the mixture of the 2 isomers 7-isopropyl-5-(4-methoxycarbonyl-1,1-dimethylbutyl)-3,4-dimethylphenyl-3H-benzofuran-2-one and 7-isopropyl-5-(4-methoxycarbonyl-1,1-dimethylbutyl)-3-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)-3H-benzofuran-2-one as a slightly brown resin is obtained. NMR (CDCl3) 3-H: 4.80 ppm.
EXAMPLE 10
Preparation of 7-Isopropyl-5-(4-methoxycarbonyl-1,1-dimethylbutyl)-3-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)-3H-benzofuran-2-one (Compound No. 22)
The product obtained in example 9a (14.35 g), p-xylene (50 ml) and an acid earth catalyst (see example 8b) are treated as described in example 9b to give 9.52 g of the title product (compound No. 22) as a slightly orange resin. NMR (CDCl3) 3-H: 5.05 ppm.
EXAMPLE 11
Preparation of Compound No. 19
a) 3(7-.tert.-Butyl-2-oxo-3-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-5-yl)-propionic acid 122.3 g (0.55 mol) 3-(3-tert.-butyl-4-hydroxy-phenyl)-propionic acid (CAS Nr. 107551-67-7) and 92.1 g (0.61 mol) mandelic acid are melted together and then stirred under nitrogen at 200° C. during 4 h. The mixture is then cooled to room temperature, dissolved in toluene and chromatographed on silica gel with dichloromethane-ethyl acetate (3:1) to afford 103 g of the title compound as a pale yellow resin. 1H-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): 7.4–6.9 m (7 ArH), 4.83 s (1H), 3.00–2.54 m (4H), 1.42 s (t-Bu).
b) 23.7 g (0.07 mol) of the product from example 11a, 4.2 g (0.035 mol) 1,6-hexanediol and 0.3 g p-toluene sulphonic acid are refluxed in 250 ml of xylene under Dean-Stark water separator during 6 h. The mixture is then cooled to room temperature, washed with water, dried with MgSO4 and evaporated under vacuum. Chromatography of the residue on silica gel with dichloromethane-hexane (19:1) affords the 14.8 g of the compound No. 19 as a pale yellow oil. 1H-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): 7.4–6.9 m (14 ArH), 4.82 s (2H), 4.08–3.96 m (4H), 2.98–2.51 m (8H), 1.61–1.26 m (4H), 1.42 s (t-Bu).
EXAMPLE 12
Preparation of 7-Tert.butyl-5-(2-methoxycarbonylethyl)-3-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)-3H-benzofuran-2-one (Compound No. 24)
a) 3-(4-hydroxy-3-tert.butylphenyl) propionic acid methyl ester (10.0 g), glyoxylic acid (7.4 g of the 50% solution in water) and p-toluene sulphonic acid (40 mg) are heated in 40 ml ethylene chloride under nitrogen at reflux for 3 hours distilling off all water present and formed during the reaction. The reaction mixtures is washed with water, dried over magnesium sulphate and evaporated under reduced pressure to give 13.0 g of 7-tert.butyl-5-(2-methoxycarbonylethyl)-3-hydroxy-3H-benzofuran-2-one.
b) 13 g of the product from the above example 12a, 50 ml of p-xylene and an acid earth catalyst (see example 8b) are heated under nitrogen at reflux for 2.5 hours. The reaction mixture is filtered hot and the filtrate evaporated under reduced pressure to give 17.0 g of an orange oil. This is purified by column chromatography over 350 g silica gel using hexane/ethylacetate 4:1 as eluant to give the title product, which solidifies after two days. Recrystallization from hexane gives a colourless solid, mp 80°. NMR (CDCl3) 3-H: 4.98 ppm.
EXAMPLE 13
Preparation of Compound No. 29
a) 2.40 g 2-(3-tert.Butyl-4-hydroxyphenoxy)-acetic acid methyl ester is heated 8 hrs. in 100 ml toluene at reflux with 0.34 g pentaerythritol in the presence of 0.1 g p-toluenesulphonic acid. The resulting methanol is distilled off using a Hickmann apparatus. The reaction mixture is cooled to room temperature, washed with water, dried over magnesium sulphate and evaporated under reduced pressure. The residue (2.24 g) is treated with glyoxylic acid (1.62 g of the 50% solution in water) and p.toluene sulphonic acid (0.1 g) and heated in 20 ml. ethylene chloride under nitrogen at reflux for 3.5 hrs., distilling off all water present and formed during the reaction. The reaction mixture is washed with water, dried over magnesium sulphate and evaporated under reduced pressure to give 2.80 g of compound X of the formula:




b) 2.8 g Of the above compound X, 25 ml. of cymene and an acid earth catalyst (see example 8b) are heated under nitrogen at reflux for 4 hrs. The reaction mixture is filtered hot and the filtrate evaporated under reduced pressure to give 3.50 g of impure product. This is purified by column chromatography over 160 g silica gel using hexane/ethyl acetate 4:1 as eluant to give purified compound No. 29 as a colourless resin.
EXAMPLE 14
Preparation of Compound No. 30
a) 3.50 g 2-(3-tert-Butyl-4-hydroxyphenoxy)-propionic acid octyl ester is heated 3 hrs. under nitrogen with glyoxylic acid (1.62 g of the 50% solution in water) and p-toluene sulphonic acid (0.1 g) in 20 ml ethylene chloride at reflux, distilling off the water present and formed during the reaction. The reaction mixture is washed with water, dried over magnesium sulphate and evaporated under reduced pressure to give 4.05 g of the below intermediate XII as a colourless oil:




b) 4.05 g of the above intermediate XII, 25 ml. cymene and an acid catalyst (see example 8b) are heated under nitrogen at reflux for 3 hrs. The reaction mixture is filtered hot and the filtrate evaporated under reduced pressure to give 4.91 g of the title product XIII. This is purified by column chromatography using 150 g silica gel and hexane/ethyl acetate 4:1 as eluant to give purified compound No. 30 as a colourless oil.
EXAMPLE 15
Preparation of Compound No. 31
a) 3.00 g 1-Butoxy-2-hydroxy-3-(3-tert.butyl-4-hydroxyphenoxy)-propane is treated with glyoxylic acid (1.62 g of a 50% solution in water) and p-toluene sulphonic acid (0.1 g) and heated in 20 ml ethylene chloride under nitrogen at reflux for 2.5 hrs., distilling off all the water present and formed during the reaction. The reaction mixture is washed with water, dried over magnesium sulphate and evaporated under reduced pressure to give 3.62 g of crude intermediate XIV:




b) This was heated under nitrogen with an acid catalyst (see example 8b) in 25 ml refluxing tert.butylbenzene for 2.5 hrs. The reaction mixture is filtered hot and the filtrate evaporated under reduced pressure. The residue is purified by column chromatography over 150 g silica gel using hexane/ethylacetate 4:1 as eluant to give compound No. 31 as a colourless oil.
EXAMPLE 16
Preparation of Compound No. 32
Proceeding as in example 15, but using 2.92 g of compound XVI of formula




in step (a) instead of 1-butoxy-2-hydroxy-3-(3-tert.butyl-4-hydroxyphenoxy)-propane one obtains compounds No. 32 as a slightly yellow resin.

## Claims

1. A process for preventing the migration of oxidised developer in a colour photographic material from a light sensitive silver halide emulsion layer in which it has been formed into another silver halide emulsion layer containing colour couplers comprising the steps of:
incorporating a compound of the formula I





wherein, if n=1,
R1 is a cyclic residue selected from naphthyl, phenanthryl, anthryl, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2-naphthyl, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1-naphthyl, thienyl, benzo[b]thienyl, naphtho[2,3-b]thienyl, thianthrenyl, dibenzofuryl, chromenyl, xanthenyl, phenoxathiinyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, indolizinyl, isoindolyl, indolyl, indazolyl, purinyl, quinolizinyl, isoquinolyl, quinolyl, phthalazinyl, naphthyridinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cinnolinyl, pteridinyl, carbazolyl, β-carbolinyl, phenanthridinyl, acridinyl, perimidinyl, phenanthrolinyl, phenazinyl, isothiazolyl, phenothiazinyl, isoxazolyl, furazanyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, fluorenyl or phenoxazinyl, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by C1–C4alkyl, C1–C4alkoxy, C1–C4alkylthio, hydroxy, halogen, amino, C1–C4alkylamino, phenylamino or di(C1–C4-alkyl)amino; or R1 is a radical of formula II





and, if n=2,
R1 is unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl- or hydroxy-substituted phenylene or naphthylene; or —R12—X—R13—;
R2, R3, R4 and R5 are each independently of one another hydrogen; chloro; hydroxy; C1–C25-alkyl; C7–C9phenylalkyl; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted phenyl; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted C5–C8cycloalkyl; C1–C18alkoxy; C1–C18alkylthio; C1–C4alkylamino; di(C1–C4-alkyl)amino; C1–C25alkanoyloxy; C1–C25alkanoylamino; C3–C25alkenoyloxy; C3–C25alkanoyloxy which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or




 C6–C9cycloalkylcarbonoyloxy; benzoyloxy or C1–C12alkyl-substituted benzoyloxy; or R2 and R3, or R3 and R4, or R4 and R5, together with the linking carbon atoms, form a benzene ring;
or R4 is —CmH2m—COR15, —O—(CvH2v)—COR′15, —O—(CH2)q—OR32, —OCH2—CH(OH)—CH2—R′15, —OCH2—CH(OH)—CH2—OR32, or —(CH2)qOH;
or, if R3, R5 and R6 are hydrogen, R4 is additionally a radical of formula III




 wherein R1 is as defined above for n=1;
R6 is hydrogen or, when R4 is hydroxy, R6 can also be C1–C25alkyl or C3–C25alkenyl;
R7 and R8 are each independently of one another hydrogen; halogen; C1–C25alkyl; C2–C25alkyl which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or




 C1–C25alkylthio; C3–C25-alkenyl; C3–C25alkenyloxy; C3–C25alkynyl; C3–C25alkynyloxy; C7–C9phenylalkyl; C7–C9phenylalkoxy; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted phenyl; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted phenoxy; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted C5–C8cycloalkyl; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted C5–C8cycloalkoxy; C1–C4alkylamino; di(C1–C4alkyl)amino; C1–C25alkanoyl; C3–C25alkanoyl which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or




 C1–C25alkanoylamino; C3–C25alkenoyl; C3–C25alkenoyl which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or




 C3–C25alkenoyloxy; C3–C25alkenoyloxy which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or




 C6–C9cycloalkylcarbonyl; C6–C9cycloalkylcarbonyloxy; benzoyl or C1–C12alkyl-substituted benzoyl; benzoyloxy or C1–C12alkyl-substituted benzoyloxy;




 or




R8, R10 and R11 are each independently of one another hydrogen; halogen; hydroxy; C1–C25alkyl; C2–C25alkyl which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or




 C1–C25alkoxy; C2–C25alkoxy which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or




 C1–C25alkylthio; C3–C25-alkenyl; C3–C25alkenyloxy; C3–C25alkynyl; C3–C25alkynyloxy; C7–C9phenylalkyl; C7–C9phenylalkoxy; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted phenyl; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted phenoxy; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted C5–C8cycloalkyl; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted C5–C8cycloalkoxy; C1–C4alkylamino; di(C1–C4alkyl)amino; C1–C25alkanoyl; C3–C25alkanoyl which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or




 C1–C25alkanoyloxy; C3–C25alkanoyloxy which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or




 C1–C25alkanoylamino; C3–C25alkenoyl; C3–C25alkenoyl which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or




 C3–C25alkenoyloxy; C3–C25alkenoyloxy which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or




 C6–C9cycloalkylcarbonyl; C6–C9cycloalkylcarbonyloxy; benzoyl or C1C12alkyl-substituted benzoyl; benzoyloxy or C1–C12alkyl-substituted benzoyloxy;




 or




 or, in formula II, R7 and R8, or R8 and R11, together with the linking carbon atoms, form a benzene ring;
R12 and R13 are each independently of the other unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted phenylene or naphthylene;
R14 is hydrogen or C1–C8alkyl;
R15 and R′15 independently are hydroxy;





  
    [
    
      
        —O
        -
      
      ⁢
      
        1
        r
      
      ⁢
      
        M
        
          r
          +
        
      
    
    ]
  
  ;



 C1–C20alkoxy; C3–C20alkoxy interrupted by O and/or substituted by a radical selected from OH, phenoxy, C7–C15alkylphenoxy, C7–C15alkoxyphenoxy; or are C5–C12cycloalkoxy; C7–C17phenylalkoxy; phenoxy;




 or a group of the formula IIIa or IIIb




R16 and R17 are each independently of the other hydrogen, CF3, C1–C12alkyl or phenyl, or R16 and R17, together with the linking carbon atom, are a C5–C8cycloalkylidene ring which is unsubstituted or substituted by 1 to 3 C1–C4alkyl;
R18 and R19 are each independently of the other hydrogen, C1–C4alkyl or phenyl;
R20 is hydrogen or C1–C4alkyl;
R21 is hydrogen; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted phenyl; C1–C25alkyl; C2–C25alkyl which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or




 C7–C9phenylalkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted at the phenyl moiety by 1 to 3 C1–C4alkyl; C7–C25phenylalkyl which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or




 and which is unsubstituted or substituted at the phenyl moiety by 1 to 3 C1–C4alkyl; or R20 and R21, together with the linking carbon atoms, form a C5–C12cycloalkylene ring which is unsubstituted or substituted by 1 to 3 C1–C4alkyl;
R22 is hydrogen or C1–C4alkyl;
R23 is hydrogen; C1–C25alkanoyl; C3–C25alkenoyl; C3–C25alkanoyl which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or




 C2–C25alkanoyl which is substituted by a di(C1–C6alkyl)phosphonate group; C6–C9cycloalkylcarbonyl; thenoyl; furoyl; benzoyl or C1–C12alkyl-substituted benzoyl;




 or




R24 and R25 are each independently of the other hydrogen or C1–C18alkyl;
R26 is hydrogen or C1–C8alkyl;
R27 is a direct bond; C1–C18alkylene; C2–C18alkylene which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or




 C2–C18alkenylene; C2–C20alkylidene; C7–C20phenylalkylidene; C5–C8cycloalkylene; C7–C8bicycloalkylene; unsubstitued or C1–C4alkyl-substituted phenylene;




 or




R28 is hydroxy,





  
    [
    
      
        —O
        -
      
      ⁢
      
        1
        r
      
      ⁢
      
        M
        
          r
          +
        
      
    
    ]
  
  ,



 C1–C18alkoxy or




R29 is oxygen or —NH—;
R30 is C1–C18alkyl or phenyl;
R31 is hydrogen or C1–C18alkyl;
R32 is C1–C18alkanoyl; C1–C8alkanoyl substituted by phenyl or C7–C15alkylphenyl; C3–C18alkenoyl; cyclohexylcarbonyl; or naphthylcarbonyl;
L is a linking group of valency (k+1) and is as a divalent group
—O—;
Q—C2–C12alkylene-Q;
—O—CH2—CH(OH)—CH2—O—;
—Q—C2–C12alkylene-Q—CO—CvH2v—O—;
—O—C2–C12alkylene-O—CH2—CH(OH)—CH2—O—;
Q-phenylene-Q or
Q-phenylene-D-phenylene-Q with D being C1–C4alkylene, O, S, SO or SO2;
L as a trivalent group is Q-capped C3–C12alkanetriyl, a trivalent residue of a hexose or a hexitol, or a group (—O—CH2)3C—CH2OH; —Q—CaH2a—N(CbH2b—Q—)—CcH2c—Q—;
—Q—C3–C12alkanetriyl(—Q—CO—CvH2v—O—)2;
—O—C3–C12alkanetriyl(—O—CH2—CH(OH)—CH2—O—)2; and
L as a tetravalent group is a tetravalent residue of a hexose or a hexitol;
—Q—C4–C12alkanetetryl(—Q—CO—CvH2v—O—)3;
—O—C4–C12alkanetetryl(—O—CH2—CH(OH)—CH2—O—)3; Q-capped C4–C12alkanetetryl; a group




 or a group




M is an r-valent metal cation;
Q is oxygen or —NH—;
X is a direct bond, oxygen, sulphur or —NR31—;
Z is a linking group of valency (k+1) and is as a divalent group C2–C12alkylene; Q-interrupted C4–C12alkylene; phenylene or phenylene-D-phenylene with D being C1–C4alkylene, O, S, SO or SO2;
Z as a trivalent group is C3–C12alkanetriyl, a trivalent residue of a hexose or a hexitol, a group (—CH2)3C—CH2OH, or a group —CaH2a—N(CbH2b—)—CcH2c—; and
Z as a tetravalent group is a tetravalent, carbon-ended residue of a hexose or a hexitol, C4–C12alkanetetryl, a group




 or a group




a, b, c and k independently are 1, 2 or 3;
m is 0 or a number from the range 1–12;
n is 1 or 2;
q is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6;
r is 1, 2 or 3; and
s is 0, 1 or 2;
v is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8;
provided that, when R7 is hydroxy, alkanoyloxy or alkanoyloxy interrupted by O, S or N(R14) and R9 is hydrogen, R10 is not identical with R4; and when R9 is hydroxy, alkanoyloxy or alkanoyloxy interrupted by O, S or N(R14) and R7 is hydrogen, R8 is not identical with R4, into an interlayer between the light sensitive silver halide emulsion layers thus scavenging the oxidized form of developer when migrating from the light sensitive silver halide emulsion layer in which it has been formed to the interlayer.

2. Process according to claim 1, wherein in the compound of formula I R7 and R9 are each independently of one another hydrogen; halogen; C1–C25alkyl; C2–C25alkyl which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or




C2–C25alkoxy which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or




C1–C25alkylthio; C3–C25alkenyl; C3–C25alkenyloxy; C3–C25alkynyl; C3–C25alkynyloxy; C7–C9phenylalkyl; C7–C9phenylalkoxy; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted phenyl; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted phenoxy; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted C5–C8cycloalkyl; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted C5–C8cycloalkoxy; C1–C4alkylamino; di(C1–C4alkyl)amino; C1–C25alkanoyl; C3–C25alkanoyl which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or




C1–C25alkanoylamino; C3–C25alkenoyl; C3–C25alkenoyl which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or




C6–C9cycloalkylcarbonyl; benzoyl or C1–C12alkyl-substituted benzoyl;



 or

3. Process according to claim 1 wherein in the compound of formula I R1 is naphthyl, phenanthryl, anthryl, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2-naphthyl, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1-naphthyl, thienyl, benzo[b]thienyl, naphtho[2,3-b]thienyl, thianthrenyl, dibenzofuryl, chromenyl, xanthenyl, phenoxathiinyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, indolizinyl, isoindolyl, indolyl, indazolyl, purinyl, quinolizinyl, isoquinolyl, quinolyl, phthalazinyl, naphthyridinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cinnolinyl, pteridinyl, carbazolyl, □-carbolinyl, phenanthridinyl, acridinyl, perimidinyl, phenanthrolinyl, phenazinyl, isothiazolyl, phenothiazinyl, isoxazolyl, furazanyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, fluorenyl or phenoxazinyl, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by C1–C4alkyl, C1–C4alkoxy, C1–C4alkylthio, hydroxy, halogen, amino, C1–C4alkylamino, phenylamino or di(C1–C4-alkyl)amino, or R1 is a radical of formula II




and, if n=2,
R1 is unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl- or hydroxy-substituted phenylene or naphthylene; or —R12—X—R13—;
R2, R3, R4 and R5 are each independently of one another hydrogen, chloro, hydroxy, C1–C25-alkyl, C7–C9phenylalkyl, unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted phenyl; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted C5–C8cycloalkyl; C1–C18alkoxy, C1–C18alkylthio, C1–C4alkylamino, di(C1–C4-alkyl)amino, C1–C25alkanoyloxy, C1–C25alkanoylamino, C3–C25alkenoyloxy; C3–C25alkanoyloxy which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or




 C6–C9cycloalkylcarbonoyloxy, benzoyloxy or C1–C12alkyl-substituted benzoyloxy; or R2 and R3, or R3 and R4, or R4 and R5, together with the linking carbon atoms, form a benzene ring; or R4 is —CmH2m—COR15 or —(CH2)qOH or, if R3, R5 and R6 are hydrogen, R4 is additionally a radical of formula III




 wherein R1 is as defined above for n=1;
R6 is hydrogen or, when R4 is hydroxy, R6 can also be C1–C25alkyl or C3–C25alkenyl;
R7, R8, R9, R10 and R11 are each independently of one another hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy, C1–C25alkyl; C2–C25alkyl which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or




 C1–C25alkoxy; C2–C25alkoxy which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or




 C1–C25alkylthio, C3–C25-alkenyl, C3–C25alkenyloxy, C3–C25alkynyl, C3–C25alkynyloxy, C7–C9phenylalkyl, C7–C9phenylalkoxy, unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted phenyl; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted phenoxy; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted C5–C8cycloalkyl; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted C5–C8cycloalkoxy; C1–C4alkylamino, di(C1–C4alkyl)amino; C1–C25alkanoyl; C3–C25alkanoyl which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or




 C1–C25alkanoyloxy; C3–C25alkanoyloxy which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or




 C1–C25alkanoylamino, C3–C25alkenoyl; C3–C25alkenoyl which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or




 C3–C25alkenoyloxy; C3–C25alkenoyloxy which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or




 C6–C9cycloalkylcarbonyl, C6–C9cycloalkylcarbonyloxy, benzoyl or C1–C12alkyl-substituted benzoyl; benzoyloxy or C1–C12alkyl-substituted benzoyloxy;




 or




 or, in formula II, R7 and R8, or R8 and R11, together with the linking carbon atoms, form a benzene ring,
R12 and R13 are each independently of the other unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted phenylene or naphthylene,
R14 is hydrogen or C1–C8alkyl,
R15 is hydroxy,





  
    [
    
      
        —O
        -
      
      ⁢
      
        1
        r
      
      ⁢
      
        M
        
          r
          +
        
      
    
    ]
  
  ,



 C1–C20alkoxy,




 or a group of the formula IIIa




R16 and R17 are each independently of the other hydrogen, CF3, C1–C12alkyl or phenyl, or R16 and R17, together with the linking carbon atom, are a C5–C8cycloalkylidene ring which is unsubstituted or substituted by 1 to 3 C1–C4alkyl;
R18 and R19 are each independently of the other hydrogen, C1–C4alkyl or phenyl,
R20 is hydrogen or C1–C4alkyl,
R21 is hydrogen, unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted phenyl; C1–C25alkyl; C2–C25alkyl which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or




 C7–C9phenylalkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted at the phenyl moiety by 1 to 3 C1–C4alkyl; C7–C25phenylalkyl which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or




 and which is unsubstituted or substituted at the phenyl moiety by 1 to 3 C1–C4alkyl, or R20 and R21, together with the linking carbon atoms, form a C5–C12cycloalkylene ring which is unsubstituted or substituted by 1 to 3 C1–C4alkyl;
R22 is hydrogen or C1–C4alkyl,
R23 is hydrogen, C1–C25alkanoyl, C3–C25alkenoyl; C3–C25alkanoyl which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or




 C2–C25alkanoyl which is substituted by a di(C1–C6alkyl)phosphonate group; C6–C9cycloalkylcarbonyl, thenoyl, furoyl, benzoyl or C1–C12alkyl-substituted benzoyl;




 or




R24 and R25 are each independently of the other hydrogen or C1–C18alkyl,
R26 is hydrogen or C1–C8alkyl,
R27 is a direct bond, C1–C18alkylene; C2–C18alkylene which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or




 C2–C18alkenylene, C2–C20alkylidene, C7–C20phenylalkylidene, C5–C8cycloalkylene, C7–C8bicycloalkylene, unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted phenylene,




 or




R28 is hydroxy,





  
    [
    
      
        —O
        -
      
      ⁢
      
        1
        r
      
      ⁢
      
        M
        
          r
          +
        
      
    
    ]
  
  ,



 C1–C18alkoxy or




R29 is oxygen or —NH—,
R30 is C1–C18alkyl or phenyl,
R31 is hydrogen or C1–C18alkyl,
M is an r-valent metal cation,
Q is oxygen or —NH—,
X is a direct bond, oxygen, sulphur or —NR31—,
Z is a linking group of valency (k+1) and is as a divalent group C2–C12alkylene, Q-interrupted C4–C12alkylene, phenylene or phenylene-D-phenylene with D being C1–C4alkylene, O, S, SO or SO2;
Z as a trivalent group is C3–C12alkanetriyl, a trivalent residue of a hexose or a hexitol, a group (—CH2)3C—CH2OH, or a group —CaH2a—N(CbH2b—)—CcH2c—; and
Z as a tetravalent group is a tetravalent residue of a hexose or a hexitol, C4–C12alkanetetryl, a group




 or a group




a, b, c and k independently are 1, 2 or 3,
m is 0 or a number from the range 1–12,
n is 1 or 2,
q is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6,
r is 1, 2 or 3, and
s is 0, 1 or 2;
provided that, when R7 is hydroxy, alkanoyloxy or alkanoyloxy interrupted by O, S or N(R14) and R9 is hydrogen, R10 is not identical with R4.

4. Process according to claim 1, wherein in the compound of formula I
R2, R3 and R5, independently are H, Cl, hydroxy, C1–C25alkyl, C7–C9phenylalkyl, unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted phenyl; C1–C18alkoxy, C1–C25alkanoyloxy, C3–C25alkenoyloxy; and where R4 is Cl, hydroxy, C1–C25alkyl, C7–C9phenylalkyl, unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted phenyl; C1–C18alkoxy, C1–C25alkanoyloxy, C3–C25alkenoyloxy or is a group —CmH2m—COR15, —O—(CvH2v)—COR′15, —O—(CH2)q—OR32, —OCH2—CH(OH)—CH2—R′15, —OCH2—CH(OH)—CH2—OR32, or where R3, R5 and R6 are H, R4 may be a residue of formula III, or where R8 or R10 are other than H, R4 may also be hydrogen;
R6 is H,
R7 and R9 are each independently of one another hydrogen; halogen; C1–C25alkyl; C2–C25alkyl which is interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or




 C3–C25alkenyl; C3–C25alkynyl; C7–C9phenylalkyl; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted phenyl; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted C5–C8cycloalkyl;
R8, R10 and R11 independently are H, halogen, hydroxy, C1–C25alkyl, O interrupted C2–C25alkyl; C1–C25alkoxy, O interrupted C2–C25alkoxy, C3–C25alkenyl, C3–C25alkenyloxy, C7–C9phenylalkyl, C7–C9phenylalkoxy, unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted phenyl; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl substituted phenoxy; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl substituted C5–C8 cycloalkyl; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl substituted C5–C8cycloalkoxy; C1–C4alkylamino, di-(C1–C4-alkyl)amino, C1–C25alkanoyl; C1–C25alkanoyloxy; C6–C9cycloalkylcarbonyl, C6–C9cycloalkylcarbonyloxy, benzoyl or C1–C12alkyl-substituted benzoyl; benzoyloxy or C1–C12alkyl substituted benzoyloxy;




 or




 or where formula II R7 and R8 or R8 and R11 together with the carbon
 atoms, they are bonded to, form a phenyl ring;
R15 and R′15 independently are C1–C18alkoxy; C3–C20alkoxy interrupted by O and/or substituted by a radical selected from OH, phenoxy, C7–C15alkylphenoxy, C7–C15alkoxyphenoxy; or are C5–C12cycloalkoxy; C7–C17phenylalkoxy; phenoxy; or —NR23R24; or a group of formula IIIa or IIIb;




R16 and R17 independently are H, CF3, C1–C12alkyl or phenyl; or R16 and R17 together with the bonding carbon atom form an unsubstituted or 1–3 C1–C4alkyl-substituted C5–C8cycloalkylidene ring;
R18 and R19 independently are H, C1–C4alkyl or phenyl;
R20 is H or C1–C4alkyl;
R21 is H, unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl substituted phenyl; C1–C25alkyl, unsubstituted or on the phenyl ring 1–3 C1–C4alkyl-substituted C7–C9phenylalkyl;
R22 is H or C1–C4alkyl;
R23 is H, C1–C25alkanoyl, C3–C25alkenoyl; di(C1–C6alkyl)phosphonate-substituted C2–C25alkanoyl; C6–C9cycloalkylcarbonyl, thenoyl, furoyl, benzoyl or C1–C12alkyl-substituted benzoyl;




 or




R24 and R25 independently are H or C1–C18alkyl;
R26 is H or C1–C8alkyl;
R27 is a direct bond, C1–C18alkylen, C2–C18alkylen, C7–C20phenylalkyliden, C5–C8cycloalkylen, unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted phneylene,




 or




R28 C1—C18alkoxy or




R29 is O or —NH—;
R30 C1–C18alkyl or phenyl;
M a metal cation of the valency r;
X a direct bond, O, S or —NR31—;
n 1 or 2;
m is a number from the range 1–8;
q 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6;
r 1, 2 or 3; and
s is 0, 1 or 2.

5. Process according to claim 1 wherein the compound of formula I corresponds to the formula IV




wherein
R2 is H or C1–C20alkyl;
R3 is H or C1–C18alkyl;
R4 is C1–C8alkyl, H, C1–C6alkoxy or a group —CmH2m—COR15; —O—(CvH2v)—COR15, —O—(CH2)q—OR32; —OCH2—CH(OH)—CH2—R15; —OCH2—CH(OH)—CH2—OR32; or a group of the formula III;




R5 is H or C1–C18alkyl;
R7 and R9 are each independently of one another hydrogen; halogen; C1–C25alkyl; C3–C25alkenyl; C3–C25alkynyl; C7–C9phenylalkyl; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted phenyl; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted C5–C8cycloalkyl;
R8, R10 and R11 independently are H, OH, chloro, C1–C18alkyl, C1–C18alkoxy, di(C1–C4alkyl)amino, C7–C9phenylalkyl; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted phenyl; unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl-substituted C5–C8cycloalkyl; C2–C18alkanoyloxy, C3–C18-alkoxycarbonylalkoxy or




R15 is C1–C18alkoxy; C3–C20alkoxy interrupted by O; or are cyclohexyloxy; C7–C17phenylalkoxy; phenoxy; or a group of formula IIIa or IIIb;




R16 and R17 independently are H, C1–C12alkyl or phenyl; or R16 and R17 together with the bonding carbon atom form a C5–C8cycloalkylidene ring;
R20, R21 and R22 independently are H or C1–C4alkyl;
R23 is H, C2–C18alkanoyl or a group




R26 is C1–C4alkyl;
R32 is C1–C18alkanoyl; C1–C8alkanoyl substituted by phenyl or C7–C15alkylphenyl; C3–C18alkenoyl; cyclohexylcarbonyl; or naphthylcarbonyl;
L is a divalent group —O—; Q—C2–C12alkylene-Q; —O—CH2—CH(OH)—CH2—O—; —Q—C2–C12alkylene-Q—CO—CvH2v—O—; —O—C2–C12alkylene-O—CH2—CH(OH)—CH2—O—;
Q is oxygen;
Z is C2–C12alkylene;
k is 1;
m is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6;
v is 1 or 2; and
s is 0, 1 or 2.

6. Process according to claim 5 wherein in the compound of formula IV
R2 is C1–C20alkyl;
R3 is H or C1–C18alkyl;
R4 is C1–C6alkyl, C1–C6alkoxy or a group —CmH2m—COR15 or a group of the formula III




R5 is H or C1–C18alkyl;
R7 and R9 independently are H, chloro, C1–C18alkyl;
R8, R10 and R11 independently are H, OH, chloro, C1–C18alkyl, C1–C18alkoxy, di(C1–C4alkyl)amino, phenyl, C2–C18alkanoyloxy or




R15 is C1–C18alkoxy or a group of the formula IIIa




R20, R21 and R22 are H;
R23 is H, C2–C18alkanoyl or a group




R26 is C1–C4alkyl;
Q is oxygen;
Z is C2–C12alkylene;
k is 1;
m is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 and
s is 0, 1 or 2.

7. Process according to claim 5 wherein in the compound of formula IV, R4 is C1–C6alkyl, or a group of —CmH2m—COR15, —O—(CvH2v)—COR15, —O—(CH2)q—OR32, —OCH2—CH(OH)—CH2—R15, —OCH2—CH(OH)—CH2—OR32, or a group of the formula III.

8. Process according to claim 1, wherein the compound of formula I is incorporated into the colour photographic material in an amount from 10 to 1000 mg/m2.

9. Process according to claim 1, wherein the compound of formula I is concentrated in one or more interlayers separating light sensitive layers of the colour photographic material.

10. Process according to claim 9, wherein a green-sensitive layer containing a magenta coupler of the pyrazolo-azole class is adjacent to an interlayer containing the compound of formula I.

11. A colour photographic material or digital recording material containing a compound of the formula IV




wherein
R2 is H or C1–C20alkyl;
R3 is H or C1–C18alkyl;
R4 is C1–C8alkyl, C1–C6alkoxy or a group —CmH2m—COR15; —O—(CvH2v)—COR15, —O—(CH2)q—OR32; —OCH2—CH(OH)—CH2—R15; —OCH2—CH(OH)—CH2—OR32; or a group of the formula III;




R5 is H or C1–C18alkyl;
R7 and R9 independently are H, chloro, C1–C18alkyl or phenyl;
R8, R10 and R11 independently are H, OH, chloro, C1–C18alkyl, C1–C18alkoxy, di(C1–C4alkyl)amino, phenyl, C2–C18alkanoyloxy, C3–C18-alkoxycarbonylalkoxy or




R15 is C1–C18alkoxy; C3–C20alkoxy interrupted by O; or are cyclohexyloxy; C7–C17phenylalkoxy; phenoxy; or a group of formula IIIa or IIIb;




R16 and R17 independently are H, C1–C12alkyl or phenyl; or R16 and R17 together with the bonding carbon atom form a C5–C8cycloalkylidene ring;
R20, R21 and R22 independently are H or C1–C4alkyl;
R23 is H, C2—C18alkanoyl or a group




R26 is C1–C4alkyl;
R32 is C1–C18alkanoyl; C1–C8alkanoyl substituted by phenyl or C7–C15alkylphenyl; C3–C18alkenoyl; cyclohexylcarbonyl; or naphthylcarbonyl;
L is a divalent group —O—; Q—C2–C12alkylene-Q; —O—CH2—CH(OH)—CH2—O—; —Q—C2–C12alkylene-Q—CO—CvH2v—O—; —O—C2–C12alkylene-O—CH2—CH(OH)—CH2—O—;
Q is oxygen;
Z is C2–C12alkylene;
k is 1;
m is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6;
v is 1 or 2 and
s is 0, 1 or 2.

12. Compound of the formula V




wherein
R4 is —O—(CvH2v)—COR15; —O—(CH2)q—OR32; —OCH2—CH(OH)—CH2—R15; or —OCH2—CH(OH)—CH2—OR32;
R15 is hydroxy,





  
    [
    
      
        —O
        -
      
      ⁢
      
        1
        r
      
      ⁢
      
        M
        
          r
          +
        
      
    
    ]
  
  ,



 C1–C20alkoxy; C3–C20alkoxy interrupted by O and/or substituted by a radical selected from OH, phenoxy, C7–C15alkylphenoxy, C7–C15alkoxyphenoxy; or R15 is C5–C12cycloalkoxy; C7–C17phenylalkoxy; phenoxy;




 or a group of the formula IIIa or IIIb;




R32 is C1–C18alkanoyl; C1–C8alkanoyl substituted by phenyl or C7–C15alkylphenyl; C3–C18alkenoyl; cyclohexylcarbonyl; or naphthylcarbonyl;
L is a linking group of valency (k+1) and is, as a divalent group, —O—; Q—C2–C12alkylene-Q; —O—CH2—CH(OH)—CH2—O—; —Q—C2–C12alkylene-Q—CO—CvH2v—O—; —O—C2–C12alkylene-O—CH2—CH(OH)—CH2—O—; Q-phenylene-Q or Q-phenylene-D-phenylene-Q with D being C1–C4alkylene, O, S, SO or SO2;
L, as a trivalent group, is Q-capped C3–C12alkanetriyl, a trivalent residue of a hexose or a hexitol, or a group (—O—CH2)3C—CH2OH; —Q—CaH2a—N(CbH2b—Q—)—CcH2c—Q—; —Q—C3–C12alkanetriyl(—Q—CO—CvH2v—O—)2; —O—C3–C12alkanetriyl(—O—CH2—CH(OH)—CH2—O—)2; and
L, as a tetravalent group, is a tetravalent residue of a hexose or a hexitol; —Q—C4–C12alkanetetryl(—Q—CO—CvH2v—O—)3; —O—C4–C12alkanetetryl(—O—CH2—CH(OH)—CH2—O—)3; Q-capped C4–C12alkanetetryl; a group




 or a group




Q is oxygen or —NH—;
Z is a linking group of valency (k+1) and is as a divalent group C2–C12alkylene, Q-interrupted C4–C12alkylene, phenylene or phenylene-D-phenylene with D being C1–C4alkylene, O, S, SO or SO2;
Z, as a trivalent group, is C3–C12alkanetriyl, a trivalent residue of a hexose or a hexitol, a group (—CH2)3C—CH2OH, or a group —CaH2a—N(CbH2b—)—CcH2c—; and
Z, as a tetravalent group, is a tetravalent residue of a hexose or a hexitol, C4–C12alkanetetryl, a group




 or a group




a, b, c and k independently are 1, 2 or 3,
m is 0 or a number from the range 1–12,
s is 1 or 2,
v is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8;
and all other residues are as defined in claim 1 for formula I if n is 1.

13. Process for stabilizing an organic material against deterioration by light, oxygen and/or heat, which process comprises incorporating a compound of the formula V according to claim 12 as stabilizer into said organic material.