The judiciary’s appropriation request for fiscal year (FY) 2023 totals $9,408,997,000 (including $767,119,000 in 

appropriations and $8,641,878,000 in discretionary appropriations). The judiciary’s discretionary request is a $57

percent) above FY 2022 assumed discretionary appropriations. 

Mandatory Discretionary Total

FY 2022 Assumed Appropriation 761,330 8,065,075 8,826,405FY 2023 Adjustments to Base 5,789 441,634 447,423FY 2023 Program Increases 135,169 - 135,169

FY 2023 Total Increases 5,789 576,803 582,592

FY 2023 Total Request 767,119 8,641,878 9,408,997

($000)

Summary of FY 2023 Request

Fiscal Year 2022 Appropriations In the absence of enacted full FY 2022 appropriations, the judiciary made assumptions to construct an FY 2023 b

specific assumption for each account is detailed below in each section of this Congressional Budget Summary as 

chapter of the full Fiscal Year 2023 Congressional Budget Justification. For bill language, the judiciary used the language from H.R. 4502, the House-passed FY 2022 Financial Services Government appropriations bill, updated with the FY 2022 assumed funding level, as the closest approximation oFY 2022 appropriations language. After full year FY 2022 appropriations are enacted, the judiciary will re-estimate its FY 2023 budget request and Appropriations Committees any changes in appropriations requirements and language. 
Adjustments to Base (Mandatory Appropriations) An increase of $5.8 million is requested for mandatory judiciary appropriations for FY 2023, as follows: 1. An increase of $18.6 million is for pay and benefit adjustments for Article III judges for the Supreme Court; 

for the Federal Circuit; the Court of International Trade; and active, senior, and retired Article III judges and within the courts’ Salaries and Expenses account, including the annualization of the FY 2022 pay adjustment judges and an assumed additional 4.1 percent pay adjustment for judges effective January 2023.

2. For the courts’ Salaries and Expenses account, an increase of $8.0 million is associated with an additional 14 

judge FTE (based on an assumption of 45 confirmations), an additional 6 senior judge FTE, and an additionaFTE.

3. A decrease of $20.8 million is necessary for the Judiciary Retirement Trust Funds account based on requirem

independent actuary.

Adjustments to Base (Discretionary Appropriations) Of the requested $576.8 million increase in discretionary appropriations, $441.6 million (77 percent) will provide 

inflation, and other adjustments to base necessary to maintain current services. Base adjustments include: 

1. An increase of $235.2 million will provide for inflationary pay and benefit increases for magistrate and Cour

judges, judges’ staff, and other judiciary personnel. This includes an assumed 4.6 percent federal pay adjustm

2023, annualizing the January 2022 pay adjustment (2.2 percent for magistrate and Court of Federal Claims cpercent for staff), changes in benefit costs, one less compensable day, and a wage rate adjustment for court se

(CSOs).

2. A net increase of $52.5 million in information technology (IT) requirements for the courts’ Salaries and Expe

to: an increase of $29.6 million for Court Administration and Case Management Systems, an increase of $12.4 million for Administrative and Management Systems,

 an increase of $5.7 million for the IT Court Reimbursable Program,
 an increase of $4.1 million for the Telecommunications Program, an increase of $1.2 million for Infrastructure and Collaboration Tools, an increase of $0.4 million for Judicial Statistical and Reporting Systems, an increase of $0.3 million for Court IT allotments, and a decrease of $1.2 million for contractor insourcing savings.

3. A net increase of $52.1 million in financing adjustments is necessary to maintain current services due to chan

of carryforward balances and/or non-appropriated resources, composed of: a decrease of $37.2 million for the courts’ Salaries and Expenses account, an increase of $64.3 million for the Defender Services account, an increase of $15.8 million for the Fees of Jurors and Commissioners account, an increase of $7.9 million for the Court Security account, and an increase of $1.3 million for the Administrative Office (AO) account.The judiciary will keep the Appropriations Subcommittees informed of any change in this estimate. 

4. A net increase of $44.4 million is associated with changes in the judiciary’s space program, including:

 a net $42.4 million is attributed to the court’s Salaries and Expenses account:

o an increase of $10.6 million for new space expected to be delivered in FY 2023,o an increase of $22.5 million for inflationary adjustments to building operations and GSA space rental 

o an increase of $54.2 million for tenant improvements,o a decrease of $1.0 million in savings associated with the space reduction program, ando a decrease of $44.0 in non-recurring space adjustments.

 a net $2.0 million is associated with increases of $1.3 million, $0.4 million, $0.2 million, and $0.1 millio

Services, Supreme Court, Court of International Trade, and Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit acco

5. An increase of $39.3 million will provide for increases in contract rates and other standard inflationary increa

$0.6 million is for the Vaccine Injury Compensation Trust Fund.
6. An increase of $17.9 million is for the annualization of positions funded in FY 2022, including:

 62 federal public defender organization (FPDO) positions (31 FTE), 16 community defender organization 

positions (16 FTE) related to the Supreme Court decision in McGirt v. Oklahoma, 24 national positions (

reimbursable positions for the Defender Services account;

 28.5 CSO and 9 USMS positions (4 FTE) for the Court Security account; and 7 positions (3.5 FTE) for the AO account.

7. An increase of $16.4 million is for chambers staff associated with the additional active and senior Article III j

bankruptcy judges (noted above in the mandatory adjustments to base section), specifically, 79 FTE for cham

Article III judges, 28 FTE for senior judges, and 37 FTE for bankruptcy judges.

8. An increase of $4.2 million is for estimated increases in Federal Protective Service (FPS) security charges.9. An increase of $2.6 million is associated with the annualization of the Judiciary Vulnerability Management P

Security account.

10. An increase of $2.4 million is associated with adjustments to security systems and equipment requirements in 

account.

11. A decrease of $19.5 million is associated with a change in panel attorney representations based on FY 2023 c

the Defender Services program.

12. A decrease of $5.7 million is associated with a projected net change in juror requirements based on FY 2023 Program Changes (Discretionary Appropriations) The remaining $135.2 million (23 percent) of the requested increase is for program enhancements, including: 

1. A net increase of $30.0 million is associated with an increase of 564 positions (282 FTE) in court support sta

Salaries and Expenses account due to changes in projected caseload.

2. An increase of $20.0 million in the Court Security account is to support hardening courthouses against attemp

facilities and disrupt the judicial process.
3. An increase of $15.9 million for the Supreme Court Buildings and Grounds account will fund the remaining 

project at the Supreme Court.

4. An increase of $10.5 million is to support the Court Security equipment modernization and cyclical replacem

video management systems (VMS).

5. An increase of $9.9 million is for security upgrades at the Supreme Court, including:

 $1.3 million for security cameras for the Supreme Court Salaries and Expenses account, $1.0 million for building and grounds access controls for the Supreme Court Salaries and Expenses accou $0.7 million for police radio upgrades for the Supreme Court Salaries and Expenses account, $4.2 million to re-request physical security upgrades for Supreme Court Building and Grounds assumed t

2022, and

 $2.8 million for additional physical security upgrades for the Supreme Court Building and Grounds accou

6. An increase of $9.2 million is for information technology, cybersecurity and IT modernization requirements 

Services account, including: $8.0 million for enhancements and modernization related to five cybersecurity and IT initiatives:

o data center migration;o cybersecurity support;o Defender Services Office networks, governance, and services modernization;o data security management and improvements; ando application upgrades.

 $1.1 million for expanding capacity/licenses for existing systems related to three IT initiatives:

o online document review platform,o cloud content repositories and file sharing services, ando cybersecurity software.
7. An increase of $5.4 million in the Court Security account is for 86 CSO positions to complete the implement

CSO staffing standards.

8. An increase of $4.9 million in the Defender Services account is for 44 positions (22 FTE) for requirements re

Supreme Court decision in McGirt v. Oklahoma.

9. An increase of $3.8 million in the courts’ Salaries and Expenses account is for the internal controls evaluation 

10. An increase of $2.8 million in the courts’ Salaries and Expenses account will fund 30 reimbursable positions 

FTE) at the AO to support critical information technology initiatives, including: 27 reimbursable positions/13.5 reimbursable FTE for cybersecurity, and 3 reimbursable positions/1.5 FTE for Probation and Pretrial Services Automated Case Tracking System (

11. An increase of $2.7 million in the Court Security account is associated with infrastructure security requireme

courthouse projects in Fort Lauderdale, FL, and Toledo, OH.

12. An increase of $2.7 million is for 16 positions (8 FTE) and 3 contractors at the USMS for the Court Security 

 4 new USMS positions (2 FTE) to support the equipment modernization and cyclical replacement strateg

 6 positions (3 FTE) for operational and administrative support to district judicial security inspectors,

 4 positions (2 FTE) for contract support, 1 position (0.5 FTE) and three contractors for ensuring contract compliance, and

 1 position (0.5 FTE) for the CSO radio communications program.

13. An increase of $2.7 million in the courts’ Salaries and Expenses account will fund 4 additional full-time mag

and conversions of 2 part-time magistrate judge positions (5 FTE), 21 support staff (16 FTE), and associated 

14. An increase of $2.6 million in the courts’ Salaries and Expenses account will fund 20 FTE to establish a natio

program, which will help provide needed relief to district courts experiencing significant caseload challenges cases and a shortage in Article III judges.
15. An increase of $2.5 million in the Court Security account will fund 10 additional contract hours per CSO pos

portion of previous reductions to CSO contract hours in FY 2016 and FY 2017.

16. An increase of $2.0 million for the courts’ Salaries and Expenses account will support the implementation of 

across the judiciary.

17. An increase of $1.8 million for the Supreme Court Salaries and Expenses account will fund an education assi

provide student loan repayment and tuition assistance benefits to Court police officers and other employees.

18. An increase of $1.8 million in the Court Security account is associated with increasing preventive maintenan

barriers (AVBs) to mitigate AVB breakdowns.

19. An increase of $1.3 million in the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit account is associated with the repl

public elevator used by judges and staff at the Howard T. Markey National Courts Building.

20. An increase of $1.1 million in the Court Security account will support the court unit emergency management 

provides emergency management supplies and training to court units.

21. An increase of $1.0 million in the Court Security account will fund 16 CSO positions related to increased req

of the Supreme Court decision in McGirt v. Oklahoma.

22. An increase of $1.0 million in the Defender Services account is for 9 national positions (4.5 FTE), including:

 8 national positions (4 FTE) for the national litigation support team, and 1 national position (0.5 FTE) for Defender IT systems.

23. An increase of $0.7 million will fund 8 reimbursable positions within the Defender Services account to suppo

financial analysis, legal and policy support, program operations, training, and implementation of Criminal Ju

policies approved by the Judicial Conference.

24. An increase of $0.5 million in the Court Security account will support 7 additional CSO positions at new cou

be open in FY 2023 or early FY 2024.
25. An increase of $0.3 million and 3 FTE for the courts’ Salaries and Expenses account will allow bankruptcy c

additional temporary law clerks to assist with the anticipated increase in bankruptcy filings over the next 6 to 

of the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and to supplement resources available to districts facing cases or other workload challenges.

26. An increase of $0.3 million for the Supreme Court Salaries and Expenses account will fund 2 senior IT positi27. An increase of $0.2 million for the AO account will fund 2 positions (1 FTE) for the contractor suitability/ba

investigation program in the AO’s Human Resources Office.

28. An increase of $0.1 million for the AO account will fund 1 position (0.5 FTE) to support the Office of Comp29. A decrease of $2.4 million and 9 FTE for the Defender Services account is for 22 fewer FDO staff (18 FPDO 

4 CDO positions) based on current caseload projections.
The Judiciary

Summary of Appropriation Request for Fiscal Year 2023 ($000)

FY 2021 FY 202

Enacted 1 Change 

Mand. Discret. Total Available Mand. Discret. Total Available Mand. Discret. Total 

Supreme Court

Salaries and Expenses 2,729 94,690 97,419 2,789 98,338 101,127 107 8,815 8,922 

Building and Grounds - 10,618 10,618 - 10,309 10,309 - 23,203 23,203 

Total, Supreme Court 2,729 105,308 108,037 2,789 108,647 111,436 107 32,018 32,125 

Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit 3,103 33,500 36,603 3,241 34,006 37,247 115 2,442 2,557 

Court of International Trade 1,753 20,000 21,753 2,189 20,766 22,955 122 639 761 

Courts of Appeals, District Courts and 

Other Judicial ServicesSalaries and Expenses - Direct 445,033 5,393,701 5,838,734 480,511 5,651,379 6,131,890 26,245 321,946 348,191 

Vaccine Injury Fund - 9,900 9,900 - 9,850 9,850 - 600 600 

 Total, Salaries and Expenses 445,033 5,403,601 5,848,634 480,511 5,661,229 6,141,740 26,245 322,546 348,791 

Defender Services - 1,316,240 1,316,240 - 1,343,338 1,343,338 - 118,373 118,373 Fees of Jurors and Commissioners - 32,517 32,517 - 35,157 35,157.00 - 10,520 10,520.00 

Court Security - 664,011 664,011 - 704,824 704,824 - 80,765 80,765 

Subtotal (CADCOJS) 445,033 7,416,369 7,861,402 480,511 7,744,548 8,225,059 26,245 532,204 558,449 

Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts - 95,675 95,675 - 104,128 104,128 - 7,133 7,133 

Federal Judicial Center - 29,015 29,015 - 32,151 32,151 - 1,304 1,304 

Judicial Retirement Funds 262,300 - 262,300 272,600 - 272,600 (20,800) - (20,800) 

Sentencing Commission - 19,965 19,965 - 20,829 20,829 - 1,063 1,063 

Direct, Total 714,918 7,709,932 8,424,850 761,330 8,055,225 8,816,555 5,789 576,202 581,991 

Vaccine Injury Fund, Total - 9,900 9,900 - 9,850 9,850 - 600 600 

Grand Total 714,918 7,719,832 8,434,750 761,330 8,065,075 8,826,405 5,789 576,802 582,591 

1 FY 2021 mandatory levels reflect actuals. 

 FY 2022 mandatory levels represent FY 2022 assumed financial plan levels.

FY 2022

Assumed 1
FY 2021 FY 2022 FY 

Authorized 

Positions

Amount 

($000)

Authorized 

Positions

Amount 

($000)

Authorized 

Positions Mand.

Supreme Court 9 2,729 9 2,789 - 10Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit 12 3,103 12 3,241 - 11Court of International Trade 9 1,753 9 2,189 - 12Courts of Appeals, District Courts and Other Judicial Services 1,189 445,033 1,189 480,511 - 26,24Judicial Retirement Funds - 262,300 - 272,600 - (20,80

 

Total 1,219 714,918 1,219 761,330 - 5,78

1 FY 2021 mandatory levels reflect actuals  FY 2022 mandatory levels represent FY 2022 assumed financial plan levels.

The Judiciary

Summary of Mandatory Costs

 Actual 1 Estimate 1 Change 
Summary of Personnel

FY 2021 FY 2022 FY 2023 

 Full Time Equivalents by Account Actual Estimate Increase 

FTEs FTEs FTEs 

Direct PositionsSupreme Court

Salaries and Expenses 503 535 1 

Building and Grounds 43 50 - 

Court of Appeals for the Fed. Circuit 144 152 - Court of International Trade 65 77 - 

Courts of Appeals, District Courts and 

Other Judicial ServicesSalaries and Expenses 27,648 27,951 501 

Defender Services 3,101 3,383 76 

Fees of Jurors and Commissioners - - - Court Security 65 84 12 

Subtotal 30,814 31,418 589 

Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts 602 643 5 

 Reimbursable From: Salaries and Expenses 489 594 53 

 Eleactonic Public Access 74 85 

 Defenders Services 33 46 8 

 Court Security 9 24 5 Federal Judicial Center 125 128 - 

Payment to Judicial Retirement Funds - - - 

Sentencing Commission 95 95 - 

Grand Total 32,995 33,847 661 

Reimbursable PositionsSupreme Court

Salaries and Expenses - - - 

Buildings and Grounds - - - 

Court of Appeals for the Fed. Circuit - - - 

Court of International Trade - - - 

Courts of Appeals, District Courts and - - - 

Other Judicial Services - - - 

Salaries and Expenses (Vaccine Injury) 44 48 - 

Defender Services - - - 

Fees of Jurors and Commissioners - - - 

Court Security - - - 

Subtotal 44 48 - 

Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts - - - 

Federal Judicial Center - - - 

Judicial Retirement Funds - - - 

Sentencing Commission - - - 

Grand Total 44 48 - 
Retir

FTE ($000) FTE ($000) FTE ($000) FTEs ($000) FTE ($000) FTE ($000) FTE ($000) 

FY 2022 Assumed Appropriation Level - Mandatory 9 2,789 12 3,241 9 2,189 1,876 480,511 - - - - - - 

FY 2022 Assumed Appropriation Level - Discretionary 576 108,647 140 34,006 68 20,766 29,542 7,744,548 643 104,128 128 32,151 95 20,829 

 AO Reimbursable FTE - - - - - - - - 749 - - - - - 

FY 2022 Assumd Appropriation 585 111,436 152 37,247 77 22,955 31,418 8,225,059 104,128 1,392 128 32,151 95 20,829 

FY 2023 Adjustments to Base Judges: 

- Annualization of 2022 pay adjustment (2.2% for three months - 15 - 19 - 16 - 3,527 - - - - - - 

- Pay and benefits adjustments - 92 - 96 - 106 - 20,813 - - - - - - 

 - Increase in average number of filled Article III judgeships - - - - - - 93 12,705 - - - - - - 

 - Increase in average number of senior judges - - - - - - 34 4,420 - - - - - -  - Increase in average number of filled bankruptcy judgeships - - - - - - 48 7,248 - - - - - - 

 - Payments to judiciary retirement trust funds - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 

 Court Personnel and Other Programs: 

- Annualization of 2022 pay adjustment (2.7% for three months - 484 - 116 - 49 - 28,046 - 540 - 157 - 127 

- Pay and benefits adjustments - 2,673 - 731 - 340 - 168,735 - 4,215 - 973 - 806 - Annualization of 2022 panel attorney capital rate - - - - - - - 532 - - - - - - 

- Annualization of 2022 panel attorney non-capital rate - - - - - - - 6,307 - - - - - - 

- Annualization of FY 2022 increase in positions (including McGirt - - - - - - 59 15,091 3.5 703 - - - - 

- Annualization of FY 2022 increase of court security officer (CSO) positions - - - - - - - 1,263 - - - - - - 

- Annualization of FY 2022 increase of USMS positions - - - - - - 4 882 - - - - - - 

- Annualization of FY 2022 increase for vulnerability management program - - - - - - - 2,625 - - - - - - 

- FY 2023 CSO contract and wage rate adjustments (3%) - - - - - - - 14,279 - - - - - - 

 - Funding necessary to maintain current services (financing adjustment - - - - - - - 50,795 - 1,257 - - - -  - Inflation (including law books and computer assisted legal research) - 619 - 160 - 63 - 37,411 - 112 - 174 - 130 

 - Space related costs (includes inflation for space rental rates) - 369 - 141 - 178 - 43,695 - - - - - -  - Vaccine Injury Compensation Trust Fund adjustment - - - - - - - 600 - - - - - - 

 - Information technology requirements - - - - - - - 52,520 - - - - - -  - Change in projected panel attorney workload - - - - - - - (19,518) - - - - - - 

 - Change in available jurors - - - - - - - (5,746) - - - - - - 

 - FPS security service charges - - - - - 9 - 4,144 - - - - - - 

- Adjustments to base for security systems and equipmen - - - - - - - 2,378 - - - - - - 

 Subtotal, FY 2023 Adjustments to Base - 4,252 - 1,263 - 761 238 452,753 3.5 6,827 - 1,304 - 1,063 

Total Adjustments to Base, Mandatory - 107 - 115 - 122 31 26,245 - - - - - - 

Total Adjustments to Base, Discretionary - 4,145 - 1,148 - 639 207 426,508 3.5 6,827 - 1,304 - 1,063 

 AO Reimbursable FTE changes - - - - - - - - 47 - - - - - 

FY 2023 Adjusted Base 585 115,688 152 38,510 77 23,716 31,656 8,677,812 110,955 1,443 128 33,455 95 21,892 

FY 2023 Program Changes Judges:  - Magistrate judges and staff - - - - - - 21 2,677 - - - - - - 

 Court Personnel and Other Programs:  - Police radio equipment upgrades at Supreme Court - 683 - - - - - - - - - - - - 

 - Security cameras at Supreme Court - 1,266 - - - - - - - - - - - -  - IT security positions at Supreme Court 1 255 - - - - - - - - - - - - 

 - Buildings and grounds access control at Supreme Court - 969 - - - - - - - - - - - - 

 - Education assistance program at Supreme Court - - - - - - 1,800 - - - - - - -  - Physical security upgrades at Supreme Court - - - - - - 4,200 - - - - - - -  - Additional Physical security upgrades at Supreme Court - - - - - - 2,800 - - - - - - -  - Courtyard restoration at Supreme Court - - - - - - 15,900 - - - - - - -  - Replacement of judges' elevator at Court of Appeals for the Federal Circui - - - 1,294 - - - - - - - - - - 

 - Infrastructure costs for new courthouse construction projects - - - - - - - 2,700 - - - - - - 

 - FY 2023 court support staffing due to workload changes - - - - - - 282 30,038 - - - - - -  - Temporary Bankruptcy Law Clerk Program - - - - - - 3 292 - - - - - - 

 - National court law clerk program - - - - - - 20 2,599 - - - - - -  - Internal controls evaluation system - - - - - - - 3,791 - - - - - - 

 - Additional IT positions - - - - - - - 2,831 - - - - - -  - Information technology standardization - - - - - - - 2,000 - - - - - -  - Continued implementation of the FDO staffing formula - - - - - - (9) (2,431) - - - - - -  - Defender Services national positions - - - - - - 5 995 - - - - - - 

 - Defender Services McGirt positions - - - - - - 22 4,862 - - - - - -  - Defenders Services reimbursable positions - - - - - - - 669 - - - - - - 

 - Defender Services IT, cybersecurity, and IT modernization requirements - - - - - - - 9,167 - - - - - - 

 - CSOs for new courthouse construction projects - - - - - - - 476 - - - - - -  - CSOs for McGirt requirements - - - - - - - 1,011 - - - - - - 

 - Court unit emergency management program - - - - - - - 1,088 - - - - - - 

 - Courthouse hardening - - - - - - - 20,000 - - - - - - 

 - Video management systems replacement - - - - - - - 10,500 - - - - - - 

 - USMS staffing positions - - - - - - 8 2,680 - - - - - - 

 - Phased implementation of CSO staffing standards - - - - - - - 5,431 - - - - - - 

 - CSO hours restoration - - - - - - - 2,520 - - - - - - 

 - Active vehicle barrier preventive maintenance - - - - - - - 1,800 - - - - - - 

 - Contractor suitability at AO - - - - - - - - 1 204 - - - - 

 - Office of Compliance and Risk at AO - - - - - - - - 0.5 102 - - - - 

 Subtotal, FY 2023 Program Changes 1 27,873 - 1,294 - - 352 105,696 1.5 306 - - - - 

Total Program Changes, Mandatory - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 

Total Program Changes, Discretionary 1 27,873 - 1,294 - - 352 105,696 1.5 306 - - - - 

 AO Reimbursable FTE changes - - - - - - - - 19.0 - - - - - 

Total Mandatory Increases - 107 - 115 - 122 31 26,245 - - - - - - 

Total Discretionary Increases 1 32,018 - 2,442 - 639 559 532,204 5 7,133 - 1,304 - 1,063 

 AO Reimbursable FTE changes - - - - - - - - 66 - - - - - 

 Subtotal, FY 2023 Total Increases 1 32,125 - 2,557 - 761 590 558,449 71 7,133 - 1,304 - 1,063 

FY 2023, Total Mandatory Appropriation 9 2,896 12 3,356 9 2,311 1,907 506,756 - - - - - - 

FY 2023, Total Discretionary Appropriation 577 140,665 140 36,448 68 21,405 30,100 8,276,752 648 111,261 128 33,455 95 21,892 

 AO Reimbursable FTE - - - - - - - - 815 - - - - - 

FY 2023, Total Judiciary 586 143,561 152 39,804 77 23,716 32,007 8,783,508 111,261 1,463 128 33,455 95 21,892 

 1 Includes Salaries and Expenses, Defender Services, Fees of Jurors and Commissioners, and Court Security accounts.

Total

CADCOJS 1

Supreme 

Court

Federal 

Circuit

International 

Trade

Administrative 

Office

Fed. Judicial 

Center

 Sentencing 

Commission

FY 2023 Summary of Requested Mandatory & Discretionary Changes
Fees of Jurors and 

Commissioners

FTE ($000) FTE ($000) ($000) FTE ($000) FTE ($000)

FY 2022 Assumed Appropriation Level - Mandatory 1,876 480,511 - - - - - 1,876 480,5

FY 2022 Assumed Appropriation Level - Discretionary 26,075 5,661,229 3,383 1,343,338 35,157 84 704,824 29,542 7,744,5

 AO Reimbursable FTE - - - - - - - - - 

FY 2022 Assumd Appropriation 27,951 6,141,740 3,383 1,343,338 35,157 84 704,824 31,418 8,225,0

FY 2023 Adjustments to Base

Judges:- Annualization of 2022 pay adjustment (2.2% for three months - 3,527 - - - - - - 3,5

 

- Pay and benefits adjustments - 20,813 - - - - - - 20,8

- Increase in average number of filled Article III judgeship 93 12,705 - - - - - 93 12,7

- Increase in average number of senior judges 34 4,420 - - - - - 34 4,4

 

- Increase in average number of filled bankruptcy judgeships 48 7,248 - - - - - 48 7,2

 

- Payments to judiciary retirement trust fund - - - - - - - - 

 

Court Personnel and Other Programs:

- Annualization of 2022 pay adjustment (2.7% for three months - 24,182 - 3,774 - - 90 - 28,0

 

- Pay and benefits adjustments - 143,550 - 26,532 - - (1,347) - 168,7

 

- Annualization of 2022 panel attorney capital rate - - - 532 - - - - 5

 

- Annualization of 2022 panel attorney non-capital rate - - - 6,307 - - - - 6,3

 

- Annualization of FY 2022 increase in positions (including McGirt - - 59 15,091 - - - 59 15,0

- Annualization of FY 2022 increase of court security officer (CSO) position - - - - - - 1,263 - 1,2

 

- Annualization of FY 2022 increase of USMS positions - - - - - 4 882 4 8

 

- Annualization of FY 2022 increase for vulnerability management program - - - - - - 2,625 - 2,6

 

- FY 2023 CSO contract and wage rate adjustments (3%) - - - - - - 14,279 - 14,2

 

- Funding necessary to maintain current services (financing adjustment - (37,199) - 64,318 15,800 - 7,876 - 50,7

 

- Inflation (including law books and computer assisted legal research - 29,794 - 6,782 466 - 369 - 37,4

 

 - Space related costs (includes inflation for space rental rates) - 42,402 - 1,293 - - - - 43,6

 - Vaccine Injury Compensation Trust Fund adjustment - 600 - - - - - - 6

 

- Information technology requirement - 52,520 - - - - - - 52,5

- Change in projected panel attorney workload - - - (19,518) - - - - (19,5

- Change in available jurors - - - - (5,746) - - - (5,7

 

 - FPS security service charges - - - - - - 4,144 - 4,1

 

- Adjustments to base for security systems and equipmen - - - - - - 2,378 - 2,3

 

Subtotal, FY 2023 Adjustments to Base 175 304,563 59 105,111 10,520 4 32,559 238 452,7

Total Adjustments to Base, Mandatory 31 26,245 - - - - - 31 26,2

 

Total Adjustments to Base, Discretionary 144 278,318 59 105,111 10,520 4 32,559 207 426,5

 AO Reimbursable FTE - - - - - - - - - 

FY 2023 Adjusted Base 28,126 6,446,303 3,442 1,448,449 45,677 88 737,383 31,656 8,677,8

FY 2023 Program ChangesJudges: - Magistrate judges and staff 21 2,677 - - - - - 21 2,6

 

 Court Personnel and Other Programs: - - 

 - Police radio equipment upgrades at Supreme Court - - - - - - - - 

 

 - Security cameras at Supreme Court - - - - - - - - 

 

 - IT security positions at Supreme Court - - - - - - - - 

 

 - Buildings and grounds access control at Supreme Court - - - - - - - - 

 

 - Education assistance program at Supreme Court - - - - - - - - 

 

 - Physical security upgrades at Supreme Court - - - - - - - - 

 

 - Additional Physical security upgrades at Supreme Court - - - - - - - - 

 

 - Courtyard restoration at Supreme Court - - - - - - - - 

 

 - Replacement of judges' elevator at Court of Appeals for the Federal Circui - - - - - - - - 

 

 - Infrastructure costs for new courthouse construction projects - - - - - - 2,700 - 2,7

 

 - FY 2023 court support staffing due to workload changes 282 30,038 - - - - - 282 30,0

 - Temporary Bankruptcy Law Clerk Program 3 292 - - - - - 3 2

 

 - National court law clerk program 20 2,599 - - - - - 20 2,5

 

 - Internal controls evaluation system - 3,791 - - - - - - 3,7

 

 - Additional IT positions - 2,831 - - - - - - 2,8

 

 - Information technology standardization - 2,000 - - - - - - 2,0

 

 - Continued implementation of the FDO staffing formula - - (9) (2,431) - - - (9) (2,4

 

 - Defender Services national positions - - 5 995 - - - 5 9

 

 - Defender Services McGirt positions - - 22 4,862 - - - 22 4,8

 

 - Defenders Services reimbursable positions - - - 669 - - - - 6

 

 - Defender Services IT, cybersecurity, and IT modernization requirements - - - 9,167 - - - - 9,1

 

 - CSOs for new courthouse construction projects - - - - - - 476 - 4

 

 - CSOs for McGirt requirements - - - - - - 1,011 - 1,0

 

 - Court unit emergency management program - - - - - - 1,088 - 1,0

 

 - Courthouse hardening - - - - - - 20,000 - 20,0

 

 - Video management systems replacement - - - - - - 10,500 - 10,5

 

 - USMS staffing positions - - - - - 8 2,680 8 2,6

 

 - Phased implementation of CSO staffing standards - - - - - - 5,431 - 5,4

 

 - CSO hours restoration - - - - - - 2,520 - 2,5

 

 - Active vehicle barrier preventive maintenance - - - - - - 1,800 - 1,8

 

 - Contractor suitability at AO - - - - - - - - 

 

 - Office of Compliance and Risk at AO - - - - - - - - 

 

Subtotal, FY 2023 Program Changes 326 44,228 18 13,262 - 8 48,206 352 105,6

Total Program Changes, Mandatory - - - - - - - - 

 

Total Program Changes, Discretionary 326 44,228 18 13,262 - 8 48,206 352 105,6

 AO Reimbursable FTE - - - - - - - - 

 

Total Mandatory 31 26,245 - - - - - 31 26,2

 

Total Discretionary 470 322,546 77 118,373 10,520 12 80,765 559 532,2 AO Reimbursable FTE - - - - - - - - 

 

 Subtotal, FY 2023 Total Increases 501 348,791 77 118,373 10,520 12 80,765 590 558,4

FY 2023, Total Mandatory Appropriation 1,907 506,756 - - - - - 1,907 506,7

FY 2023, Total Discretionary Appropriation 26,545 5,983,775 3,459 1,461,711 45,677 96 785,589 30,100 8,276,7

 AO Reimbursable FTE - - - - - - - - 

 

FY 2023, Total Judiciary 28,452 6,490,531 3,459 1,461,711 45,677 96 785,589 32,007 8,783,5

FY 2023 Summary of Requested Mandatory & Discretionary Changes - Courts of Appeals, District Courts, and Other Judicial Services (CADCOJS) Details

Salaries 

and Expenses

Defender 

Services

Court 

Security

Total 

CADCOJS
THE JUDICIARY

COMPARATIVE SUMMARY OF OBLIGATIONS BY OBJECT CLASSIFICATION

Object Classification FY 2021 Actual FY 2022 Estimate FY 2023 Reque

Personnel Services and benefits11 Personnel compensation 3,485,300 3,621,623 3,87

 

12 Personnel benefits 1,247,482 1,383,758 1,42

 

13 Benefits for former personnel 12,539 14,770 1

 

 Total personnel services and benefits 4,745,320 5,020,151 5,31

 

21 Travel 43,969 95,381 9

 

22 Transportation of things 5,132 6,620 

23 Rental payments to GSA 1,114,628 1,209,729 1,23

 

23 Rental payments to others 37,217 49,979 5

 

23 Communications utilities & misc. charges 58,664 69,226 7

 

24 Printing and reproduction 7,182 8,899 

25 Other services 1,655,465 2,085,235 2,02

 

26 Supplies and materials 17,293 20,241 2

 

91 Financial Transfers 509,251 511,635 52

 

 Total contractual services and supplies 3,448,802 4,056,944 4,04

 

Acquisition of capital assets31 Equipment 96,714 109,059 13

 

32 Lands and Structures 76,339 107,533 13

 

42 Claims and Indemnities 191 

 Total acquisition of capital assets 173,243 216,592 26

 

Grants and fixed charges41 Grants, subsidies and contributions 173,497 197,282 20

 

42 Insurance claims and indemnities - 46 

43 Interest and dividends - - 

 Total grants and fixed charges 173,497 197,328 20

 

91 Undefined Disbursements 338 5,193 

Total obligations 8,541,200 9,496,209 9,83

 

Unobligated balance, start-of-year (398,914) (524,207) (18

 

Unobligated balance, end-of-year 541,497 190,332 

Fee Availability (148,345) (163,627) (21

 

Transfer to other acconts 1,460 65,050 

Anticipated Financial Plan savings (1,383) - 

Other Adjustments to Budgetary Resources (100,763) (237,352) (3

 

Appropriation, Assumed 8,434,750 8,826,405 9,40

 

Detailed tables by fiscal year and appropriation follow
THE JUDICIARY

COMPARATIVE SUMMARY OF OBLIGATIONS BY OBJECT CLASSIFICATION ($000)Fiscal Year 2021

Object Classification Supreme Court

Ct of Appeals 

Federal Cir.

Ct. of Intn'l 

Trade

Salaries and 

Expenses

Defender 

Services

Fees of 

Jurors Court Security

Direct 

Program 1

Reimbursable 

Program 1

Federal Judicial 

Ctr

Judicia

Retireme

Funds

Personnel Services and benefits11 Personnel compensation 56,517 17,270 7,952 2,881,369 385,463 16,609 7,780 164,663 (80,241) 16,753 

12 Personnel benefits 21,773 4,353 2,344 1,038,625 140,996 - 298 57,894 (28,587) 5,763 

13 Benefits for former personnel 11 31 - 8,821 678 - 2,956 51 (11) 1 

 Total personnel services and benefits 78,302 21,654 10,296 3,928,815 527,137 16,609 11,035 222,608 (108,839) 22,517 

21 Travel 577 22 8 23,065 4,742 13,527 1,452 44 (3) 458 

22 Transportation of things 95 35 28 4,620 254 - 44 138 (97) 12 

23 Rental payments to GSA - 6,424 8,737 1,047,411 45,528 - 6,528 - - - 

23 Rental payments to others - - - 36,130 1,084 - 3 - - - 23 Communications utilities & misc. charges 3,325 349 25 40,608 10,708 1,880 1,359 513 (500) 373 

24 Printing and reproduction 390 9 3 6,548 66 - - 103 (102) 10 

25 Other services 16,306 5,107 1,989 385,596 430,357 372 548,958 3,705 (2,789) 1,130 262,

26 Supplies and materials 2,701 81 26 8,834 1,618 975 2,227 135 (75) 739 91 Financial Transfers 504,887 4,214 150 

 Total contractual services and supplies 23,394 12,027 10,816 2,057,700 494,358 16,754 560,572 8,852 (3,566) 2,872 262,

Acquisition of capital assets31 Equipment 7,558 926 97 45,432 24,183 - 15,865 792 (649) 569 

32 Lands and Structures 2,723 - - - - - 73,616 - - - 

42 Claims and Indemnities - - - - - - 191 - - - 

 Total acquisition of capital assets 10,281 926 97 45,432 24,183 - 89,671 792 (649) 569 

Grants and fixed charges41 Grants, subsidies and contributions - - - - 173,497 - - - - - 

42 Insurance claims and indemnities - - - - - - - - - - 43 Interest and dividends - - - - - - - - - - 

 Total grants and fixed charges - - - - 173,497 - - - - - 

91 Undefined Disbursements2 - - 455 - - - - 1,500 (1,617) - 

FY 2021 Total Obligations 111,977 34,607 21,664 6,031,946 1,219,175 661,278 33,363 233,752 (114,671) 25,958 262,

Unobligated balance, start-of-year (23,533) - - (332,117) (21,373) (19,457) - - - (2,434) 

Unobligated balance, end-of-year 19,593 536 89 352,797 126,718 18,812 18,648 - - 4,190 

Fee Availability - - (148,345) - - - - - - 

Other Adjustments to Budgetary Resources - - 1 (52,570) (8,279) (444) (15,915) (23,406) - (150) Transfers to other acconts - 1,460 - (3,077) - 1,626 - - - 1,451 

Anticipated financial plan savings - - - - - (1,383) - - - 

Vaccine Injury Compensation Trust Fund - - - (9,900) - - - - - - Reimbursable Program 1 - - - - - - - (114,671) 114,671 - 

FY 2021 Appropriation, Available 108,037 36,603 21,753 5,838,734 1,316,240 664,011 32,517 95,675 - 29,015 262,

FY 2021 Appropriation, Enacted 108,037 36,603 21,753 5,838,734 1,316,240 664,011 32,517 95,675 - 29,015 262,

1 More information on AO reimbursable program obligations is included in section 8. 

2 Deposited into the JITF fund.

Administrative Office
THE JUDICIARY

COMPARATIVE SUMMARY OF OBLIGATIONS BY OBJECT CLASSIFICATION ($000)Fiscal Year 2022

Object Classification Supreme Court

Ct of Appeals 

Federal Cir.

Ct. of Intn'l 

Trade

Salaries and 

Expenses Defender Services Fees of Jurors Court Security

Direct 

Program 1

Reimbursable 

Program 1

Federal Judicial 

Ctr

Personnel Services and benefits11 Personnel compensation 59,327 18,974 9,300 2,949,054 431,264 25,368 10,442 181,582 (94,013) 17,506 

 

12 Personnel benefits 24,240 5,115 2,347 1,156,403 156,336 - - 63,615 (35,133) 6,072 

 

13 Benefits for former personnel 6 71 - 11,080 668 - 2,932 23 (10) - 

 

 Total personnel services and benefits 83,573 24,160 11,647 4,116,538 588,268 25,368 13,374 245,220 (129,156) 23,578 

 

Contractual services and supplies21 Travel 1,423 50 130 47,755 15,625 22,913 639 1,382 (580) 5,887 

 

22 Transportation of things 92 37 50 5,893 403 - 48 139 (97) 51 

 

23 Rental payments to GSA 6,606 - 8,919 1,137,424 48,938 - 7,842 - - - 

 

23 Rental payments to others - - - 48,829 1,150 - - - - - 

 

23 Communications utilities & misc. charges 4,014 215 30 47,755 12,081 2,825 1,633 585 (480) 542 

 

24 Printing and reproduction 449 14 4 8,064 123 - - 158 (98) 56 

 

25 Other services 19,721 5,637 1,907 636,884 546,341 1,448 595,216 4,784 (1,797) 

1,018 

26 Supplies and materials 3,225 107 46 11,355 2,130 1,403 409 997 (487) 899 

 

91 Financial Transfers 509,633 2,002 - 

 Total contractual services and supplies 28,924 12,666 11,086 2,453,593 626,791 28,589 605,787 10,047 (3,539) 8,453 

Acquisition of capital assets31 Equipment 5,931 421 222 55,633 25,315 - 19,145 1,696 (878) 275 

 

32 Lands and Structures 6,200 - - - - 101,333 - - - - 

 

 Total acquisition of capital assets 12,131 421 222 55,633 25,315 120,478 - 1,696 (878) 275 

 

Grants and fixed charges41 Grants, subsidies and contributions - - - - 197,282 - - - - - 

 

42 Insurance claims and indemnities - - - - - - 46 - - - 

 

43 Interest and dividends - - - - - - - - - - 

 

 Total grants and fixed charges - - - - 197,282 - 46 - - - 

 

91 Undefined Disbursements2 2,508 - 915 - - - 101 - - - 

 

FY 2022 Total Assumed Obligations 124,627 39,755 23,870 6,625,763 1,437,656 53,957 739,786 256,963 (133,573) 32,306 

Unobligated balance, start-of-year (17,712) (4,342) (1,082) (352,797) (126,718) (18,812) (101) - - (974) 

Unobligated balance, end-of-year 4,521 1,887 200 150,000 30,000 3,000 - - - 724 

 

Fee Availability - - - (163,627) - - - - - - 

 

Transfers - - - 32,400 32,400 - - - 250 

 

Other Adjustments to Budgetary Resources - (53) (33) (150,000) (30,000) (2,988) (34,861) (19,262) - (155) 

 

Vaccine Injury Compensation Trust Fund - - - (9,850) - - - - - - 

 

Reimbursable Program 1 - - - - - - - (133,573) 133,573 - 

 

FY 2022 Appropriation, Assumed 111,436 37,247 22,955 6,131,890 1,343,338 35,157 704,824 104,128 - 32,151 

FY 2022 Appropriation, Assumed 111,436 37,247 22,955 6,131,890 1,343,338 35,157 704,824 104,128 - 32,151 

2 Deposited into the JITF fund.

Administrative Office

1 More information on AO reimbursable program obligations is included in section 8. 
THE JUDICIARY

COMPARATIVE SUMMARY OF OBLIGATIONS BY OBJECT CLASSIFICATION ($000)Fiscal Year 2023

Object Classification

Supreme 

Court

Ct of

Appeals 

Federal Cir.

Ct. of Intn'l 

Trade

Salaries and 

Expenses

Defender 

Services

Fees of 

Jurors

Court 

Security

Direct 

Program 1

Reimbursable 

Program 1

Federal 

Judicial Ctr

Personnel Services and benefits11 Personnel compensation 19,902 62,154 9,733 3,153,125 22,972 462,157 13,425 200,169 (104,702) 18,484 

12 Personnel benefits 26,904 5,149 2,425 1,192,448 163,338 - - 67,462 (39,556) 6,224 

13 Benefits for former personnel 52 - 6 12,307 685 - 3,988 23 (10) - 

 Total personnel services and benefits 25,103 89,065 12,158 4,357,880 22,972 626,180 17,413 267,654 (144,268) 24,708 

Contractual services and supplies21 Travel 1,448 100 149 48,786 19,916 15,961 652 1,415 6,099 (780) 

22 Transportation of things 39 98 51 7,026 421 - 48 142 (99) 52 

23 Rental payments to GSA 6,747 - 9,097 1,163,425 51,056 - 7,912 - - - 

23 Rental payments to others - - - 49,896 1,177 - - - - - 

23 Communications utilities & misc. charges 4,551 225 31 49,677 2,881 15,639 1,648 599 (489) 553 

24 Printing and reproduction 458 15 4 8,823 127 - - 162 (100) 57 

25 Other services 19,590 5,740 1,949 572,769 544,500 624,619 1,477 4,898 (3,083) 

1,038 

26 Supplies and materials 3,325 120 47 13,326 1,431 2,245 413 1,021 (560) 917 91 Financial Transfers 524,335 

 Total contractual services and supplies 29,470 12,986 11,328 2,438,063 631,126 25,705 635,292 8,237 (5,111) 8,717 

Acquisition of capital assets31 Equipment 1,715 9,176 230 59,665 30,261 - 27,110 1,736 (984) 280 

32 Lands and Structures 12,900 - - - - 120,774 - - - - 

 Total acquisition of capital assets 22,076 1,715 230 59,665 30,261 147,884 - 1,736 (984) 280 

Grants and fixed charges41 Grants, subsidies and contributions - - - - 204,144 - - - - - 

42 Insurance claims and indemnities - - - - - - - - - - 

43 Interest and dividends - - - - - - - - - - 

 Total grants and fixed charges - - - - 204,144 - - - - - 

91 Undefined Disbursements 2 - - - - - - - - - - 

FY 2023 Total Obligations 140,611 39,804 23,716 6,855,607 1,491,710 48,677 800,589 277,627 (150,363) 

33,705 

Unobligated balance, start-of-year (4,521) - (150,000) - (3,000) (30,000) - - - - 

Unobligated balance, end-of-year 7,471 - - - - - - - - - 

Fee Availability - - (215,076) - - - - - - (250) 

Other Adjustments to Budgetary Resources - - - - - (15,000) - (16,003) - Vaccine Injury Compensation Trust Fund - - - (10,450) - - - - 

Reimbursable Program 1 - - - - - - (150,363) - 150,363 - 

FY 2023 Appropriation, Available 143,561 39,804 23,716 6,480,081 1,461,711 45,677 785,589 111,261 - 

33,455 

1 More information on AO reimbursable program obligations is included in section 8. 

2 Deposited into the JITF fund. 9,024,858

Administrative Office
 Appropriation FY 2021 FY 2022 FY 2023

Supreme Court Discretionary 91,226 97,174 106,12

 Mandatory 2,729 2,789 2,89

 Total, Salaries and Expenses 93,955 99,963 109,02

 Buildings and Grounds 14,217 19,622 28,56

Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit Discretionary 31,635 33,416 36,07 Mandatory 3,103 3,241 3,35

 Total, Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit 34,738 36,657 39,43Court of International Trade Discretionary 18,113 19,021 19,71 Mandatory 1,753 2,189 2,31

 Total, Court of International Trade 19,866 21,210 22,02

Courts of Appeals, District Courts, and Other Judicial Services: Salaries and Expenses - Discretionary 5,269,190 5,964,356 6,164,44

 Salaries and Expenses - Mandatory 445,033 480,511 506,75

 Total, Salaries and Expenses 5,714,223 6,444,867 6,671,20

 Defender Services 1,186,796 1,385,060 1,540,43

 Fees of Jurors & Commissioners 31,485 53,527 46,62

 Court Security 663,264 678,332 709,43

Total, Courts of Appeals, District Courts, and Other Judicial Services 7,595,768 8,561,786 8,967,70

Administrative Office of the United  States Courts 95,675 104,538 111,94

Federal Judicial Center 26,704 30,496 32,90

Judicial Retirement Funds (Mandatory) 262,300 272,600 251,80

Sentencing Commission 19,590 21,199 22,37

 Subtotal, Discretionary 7,447,895 8,406,742 8,818,64

 Subtotal, Mandatory 714,918 761,330 767,11

 Total 8,162,813 9,168,072 9,585,76

Outlays - FY 2021 to FY 2023