FEDERAL JUDICIAL CENTER

Salaries and Expenses

SUMMARY STATEMENT OF ACCOUNT REQUIREMENTS

Fiscal Year 2023 Enacted Appropriation 

Fiscal Year 2024 Requested Appropriation

Requested Increase from Fiscal Year 2023 Enacted Appropriation

APPROPRIATION LANGUAGE

FEDERAL JUDICIAL CENTER

SALARIES AND EXPENSES

$34,261,000

$35,082,000

$821,000

For necessary expenses of the Federal Judicial Center, as authorized by Public 

Law 90-219, [$34,261,000]$35,082,000; of which $1,800,000 shall remain 

available until September 30, [2024]2025 , to provide education and training to 

Federal court personnel; and of which not to exceed $1,500 is authorized for 

official reception and representation expenses.

(P.L. 117-328 - Financial Services and General Government Appropriations Act, 2023) 

9.1
Fiscal Year 2024 Resource Requirements:

FTEs Amount

Fiscal Year 2023 Assumed Obligations................................................................................................ 128 34,570 

 Reimbursements from Federal Accounts and FJC Foundation..................................................................... - (309)

Fiscal Year 2023 Enacted Appropriation........................................................................................... 128 34,261 

Page Adjustments to Base to Maintain Current Services:

No.

A. PERSONNEL

Pay and Benefit Adjustments

9.10 1. Proposed 2024 pay adjustment (5.2% for nine months) - 908 

9.10 2. Annualization of 2023 pay adjustment (4.6% for three months)............................................................. - 287 

9.10 3. Promotions and within-grade increases......................................................................................... - 205 

9.10 4. Benefits increases

a. Health benefits........................................................................................................... - 96 

b. FICA adjustment........................................................................................................... - 16 

9.11 5. One additional compensable day................................................................................................... - 101 

FEDERAL JUDICIAL CENTER

SALARIES AND EXPENSES

(Dollar amounts in thousands)

SUMMARY OF REQUEST

FISCAL YEAR 2024

9.2
B. OTHER ADJUSTMENTS FTEs Amount

General Inflationary Adjustments

9.11 - 208 

9.11 - (1,000)

Subtotal, Adjustments to Base to Maintain Current Services.................................................................. - 821 

Total Current Services Appropriation Required ................................................................................. 128 35,082 

Total Fiscal Year 2024 Appropriation Required.................................................................................... 128 35,082 

 Total Appropriation Increase...................................................................................................... - 821 

Financing the Fiscal Year 2024 Request:

Total Appropriation Required, Fiscal Year 2024................................................................................... 128 35,082 

9.11 - 280

Total Estimated Obligations, Fiscal Year 2024.................................................................................... 128 35,362 

FISCAL YEAR 2024

8. Estimated reimbursements from federal accounts and the FJC Foundation...............................................

FEDERAL JUDICIAL CENTER

(Dollar amounts in thousands)

SALARIES AND EXPENSES

6. Inflationary increases in charges for contracts, services, supplies, and equipment.....................................

7. Reduction to base for the non-recurring Workplace Conduct Study with NAPA........................................

SUMMARY OF REQUEST

9.3
Fiscal Year 2022 Fiscal Year 2023 Fiscal Year 2024

Offsetting Offsetting Offsetting

Activity Direct Collections Total Direct Collections Total Direct Collections Total

Education & Training 19,434 233 19,667 22,919 309 23,228 24,288 280 24,568

Research 6,255 - 6,255 7,442 - 7,442 6,620 - 6,620

Program Support 4,393 - 4,393 3,900 - 3,900 4,173 - 4,173

Total Obligations 30,082 233 30,315 34,261 309 34,570 35,082 280 35,362

Unobligated Balance, Start of Year:

Judiciary Information Technology Fund (974) - (974) (987) - (987) (987) - (987)

Deposits and Other Adjustments:

Judiciary Information Technology Fund (270) - (270) - - - - - -

Unobligated Balance, End of Year:

Judiciary Information Technology Fund 987 - 987 987 - 987 987 - 987

Subtotal, Other Obligations (257) - (257)

Direct Obligations 29,825 233 30,058 34,261 309 34,570 35,082 280 35,362

Unobligated Balance, End of Year (annual & multi-year) 60 - 60 - - - - - -

Less Offsetting Collections - (233) (233) - (309) (309) - (280) (280)

Available Appropriation 29,885 - 29,885 34,261 - 34,261 35,082 - 35,082

Salaries and Expenses

Obligations by Activity ($000)

Actuals Assumed Request

9.4
FEDERAL JUDICIAL CENTER

Salaries & Expenses

Obligations by Object Class ($000)

Fiscal Year 2022 Fiscal Year 2023 Fiscal Year 2024

Offsetting Total Offsetting Total Offsetting Total

Direct Collections Oblig. Direct Collections Oblig. Direct Collections Oblig.

1100 Personnel compensation 16,894 112 17,006 18,275 112 18,387 19,776 112 19,888

1200 Personnel benefits 6,062 28 6,090 6,307 28 6,335 6,419 28 6,447

1300 Personnel Payouts 1 - 1 0 - 0 0 - 0

2100 Travel 3,439 93 3,532 5,196 132 5,328 5,321 140 5,461

2200 Transportation of things 40 - 40 66 - 66 68 - 68

2300 Communications, utilities & misc 542 - 542 638 - 638 653 - 653

2400 Printing and reproduction 52 - 52 56 - 56 57 - 57

2500 Other services2 1,207 - 1,207 2,539 37 2,576 1,576 - 1,576

2600 Supplies and materials 922 - 922 789 - 789 808 - 808

3100 Equipment 396 - 396 395 - 395 404 - 404

9100 Judiciary Info Tech. Fund 270 - 270 - - - - - -

Direct Obligations 29,825 233 30,058 34,261 309 34,570 35,082 280 35,362

 257 - 257 - - - - - -

30,082 - 30,315 34,261 - 34,570 35,082 - 35,362

1

At year-end closing on September 30, 2022, the Center's FY 2022 obligations consisted of FY 2021/2022 carryforward and FY 2022 funds for programs executed in FY 2022. Note, the Center 

also obligated $1,307,192 of FY 2022/2023 funds for programs that are executed in FY 2023, which will be reported in the FY 2023 actuals. 

Assumed Request

Other Obligations (JITF Obligations)

Description

Actuals1

Total Obligations

2

The Center's FY 2023 appropriation request was $33,261,000. However, Congress provided the Center with an additional $1,000,000 to contract with the National Academy of Public 

Administration on the judiciary workplace conduct study. This additional $1,000,000 is a one-time FY 2023 funding allocation, and it is not included in the Center's baseline for the FY 2024 

budget request reflected in the above table. 

9.5
FEDERAL JUDICIAL CENTER

Salaries & Expenses

Relation of Obligations to Outlays ($000)

FY 2022 FY 2023 FY 2024 Difference

Actual Assumed Request (+) or (-)

Total Obligations 30,058 34,570 35,362 792

Obligated balance, start of year 2,791 4,909 4,898 (11)

Adjustment of prior year activity 0 0 0 0

Obligated balance, end of year (4,909) (4,898) (4,954) (56)

Total Outlays 27,940 34,581 35,306 725

Less Offsets (233) (309) (280) 29

Net Outlays 27,707 34,272 35,026 754

9.6
FEDERAL JUDICIAL CENTER

Salaries and Expenses

 Full Time Equivalents by Activity

Activity Direct

Offsetting 

Collecs. Total Direct

Offsetting 

Collecs. Total Direct

Offsetting 

Collecs. Total

Education & Training 85 0 85 90 0 90 90 0 90

Research 28 0 28 28 0 28 28 0 28

Program Support 10 0 10 10 0 10 10 0 10

Total, Full Time Equivalents 123 0 123 128 0 128 128 0 128

Fiscal Year 2022 Fiscal Year 2023 Fiscal Year 2024

9.7
9.8

GENERAL STATEMENT AND INFORMATION

This appropriation request is for the salaries and operating expenses of the Federal Judicial Center (the Center), which was established 

by P.L. 90-219 (81 Stat. 664) on December 20, 1967. This statute directs the Center “to further the development and adoption of 

improved judicial administration” in the federal courts.

The fiscal year (FY) 2024 request for the Federal Judicial Center totals $35,082,000 to support the operations of the Center. 

Functional Responsibilities of the Center

The Center’s functions are outlined in statute, especially 28 U.S.C.§§ 620(b) and 623(a). Pursuant to those mandates, it teaches judges 

and other Judicial Branch personnel about legal developments and efficient litigation management and court 

administration. Examples include various educational programs that teach judges and court legal staff about new laws and emerging 

issues; programs that help judges and court executives promote efficiency in the just resolution of cases and in court administration; 

and programs that educate court staff on effective court operations. Center programs for judges, executives, and all court staff also 

address ethics, cybersecurity, and workplace conduct. The Center uses a combination of virtual programs (e-learning, web 

conferences, videos, and more) and in-person travel-based programs that provide opportunities to meet with colleagues from across 

the country. 

The Center also conducts empirical research into court operations and activities. The Center is an independent agency and does not 

make policy recommendations. Most Center research is performed at the request of the Judicial Conference of the United States to 

provide objective and rigorous research to inform policy decisions of the Conference. Center research also contributes to improved 

judicial administration by assessing the efficacy of case and court management procedures. For example, it continues to assess case 

management tools for complex litigation. (The Center’s statute also assigns its other duties regarding state-federal judicial relations, 

assistance to foreign judiciaries, and federal judicial history, which it also performs.) Program planning is coordinated among the 

Center, the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts (AO), and the U.S. Sentencing Commission to maximize efficiency in meeting 

their distinct responsibilities.” 
9.9

Duties of the Board

A Board of nine supervises the Center. The Chief Justice of the United States is the Board Chairman. The Board includes two judges 

of the U.S. Courts of Appeals, three judges of the U.S. District Courts, one bankruptcy judge, and one magistrate judge; each elected

by the Judicial Conference of the United States for a four-year term. The Director of the AO is an ex-officio Board member. By 

statute, the Board is responsible for developing overall policy to guide the Center’s operations and approving the Center’s 

appropriations requests. The Board appoints a Director and a Deputy Director, who are responsible for supervising the Center’s staff

and carrying out the Center's programs. The Center coordinates as necessary with the Judicial Conference’s Budget Committee and 

the AO in developing the Center’s appropriation requests. 

FISCAL YEAR 2023 APPROPRIATIONS 

The judiciary built the FY 2024 budget request for the Federal Judicial Center on the enacted FY 2023 enacted appropriation of

$34,261,000. This amount funds current services in FY 2023 and a non-recurring program increase of $1,000,000 for the Center to 

contract with the National Academy of Public Administration (NAPA) on the required workplace conduct report. For bill language, 

the judiciary used the language from P.L. 117-328, Financial Services and General Government Appropriations Act, 2023. 
9.10 

JUSTIFICATION OF CHANGES

The Federal Judicial Center’s FY 2024 appropriation request is 

$35,082,000 an increase of $821,000 (2.4 percent) over the 

enacted FY 2023 appropriation of $34,261,000. The total 

requested increase is for adjustments to base to maintain 

current services. The request will support the Center’s robust 

schedule of in-person programs complemented, as always, by 

virtual programs and other educational resources, as well as the 

Center’s research, federal judicial history, and international 

judicial relations missions.

ADJUSTMENTS TO BASE TO MAINTAIN CURRENT 

SERVICES

A. PERSONNEL

Pay and Benefit Adjustments

1. Proposed 2024 pay adjustment

Requested Increase: $908,000

The judiciary is assuming federal pay rates will increase by 5.2 

percent in January 2024. The requested increase provides for 

the cost of nine months of the anticipated pay raise in FY 2024, 

from January 2024 to September 2024. (If the pay adjustment 

included in the President’s FY 2024 budget request is different 

from this 5.2 percent guidance, the judiciary will revise this 

line item in its FY 2024 budget re-estimate.)

2. Annualization of 2023 pay adjustment

Requested Increase: $287,000

The requested increase provides for the annualized costs of a 

2023 pay adjustment for Employment Cost Index (ECI) and 

locality pay. As a result of an ECI and locality adjustment, 

federal pay rates are assumed to increase by an average of 4.6 

percent, effective as of January 2023. The requested increase 

provides for the cost of three months (from October 2023 to 

December 2023). 

3. Promotions and within-grade increases

Requested Increase: $205,000 

The requested increase provides for promotions and withingrade increases for personnel. The salary plan for judiciary

support personnel provides for periodic within-grade increases 

for staff who receive at least a satisfactory performance rating.

4. Benefits increases

a. Health benefits

Requested Increase: $96,000 

Based on information from the Office of Personnel 

Management, health benefit premium contributions are 

projected to increase by an average of 6.6 percent in 
9.11 

January 2023 and January 2024. The requested increase 

annualizes the 2023 premium increase and includes a ninemonth provision for the increase anticipated for FY 2024. 

b. FICA adjustment

Mandatory Increase: $16,000 

Based on information from the Social Security Administration, 

employer contributions to the Old Age, Survivor, and 

Disability Insurance (OASDI) portion of the FICA tax will 

increase in 2023. The salary cap for OASDI increased from 

$147,000 to $160,200 in January 2023. The requested amount 

is needed to pay the Center’s contribution in FY 2024. 

5. One additional compensable day

Requested Increase: $101,000 

There is one additional compensable day in FY 2024 than in 

FY 2023. The requested increase adjusts for personnel 

compensation and benefits associated with the additional 

compensable day. 

B. OTHER ADJUSTMENTS

General Inflationary Adjustments

6. Inflationary increases in charges for contracts, services,

supplies, and equipment

Requested Increase: $208,000 

Consistent with guidance from the Office of Management and 

Budget, this requested increase is required to fund inflationary 

adjustments of 2.4 percent for operating expenses such as 

travel, communications, printing, contractual services, supplies 

and materials, and furniture and equipment. 

7. Reduction to base for non-recurring Workplace

Conduct Study with NAPA

Requested Decrease: ($1,000,000) 

The requested decrease of $1,000,000 is for a non-recurring

FY 2023 requirement for the Workplace Conduct Study with 

NAPA.

FINANCING THE FISCAL YEAR 2024 REQUEST

OFFSETTING COLLECTIONS 

8. Estimated reimbursements from federal accounts and

the FJC Foundation

Estimated Reimbursement: $280,000 FTE: 0 

The Center enters into reimbursable agreements to provide 

additional services to, or to allow economizing by, the 

Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts (AO), the courts, and 

non-judicial federal entities. For example, on occasion, the AO 

will add on to scheduled Center programs additional training 

days for judges and thereby avoid incurring duplicative 

transportation costs for such efforts. In addition, pursuant to 28 

U.S.C.§ 629, the Center receives support from occasional 

donations to the Federal Judicial Center Foundation, which the 
9.12 

Center uses to conduct additional educational programs for 

judges. The Center estimates that $280,000 will be reimbursed 

to it in FY 2024.