The Judiciary 

FY 2017 

Congressional Budget Summa

PREPARED BY 

THE ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICE OF THE U.S. COURTS 

WASHINGTON, DC 

February 2016

i 

Overview 

The Judiciary’s FY 2017 discretionary budget request of $7.0 billion is a 3.2 percent increase over the Judiciary’s FY 2016 enacted discretionary appropriations level of $6.8 billion. 

FY 2016 Priorities 

The Judicial Conference is grateful for the continued support of Congress in this difficult and constrained fiscal environment. The FY 2016 funding levels will enable the Judiciary to maintain current services across the Judiciary, and will enable investment in important new or upgraded program initiatives needed to support judicial operations. During FY 2016, the court units will be able to maintain onboard staffing levels and continue to fill critical vacancies needed to meet workload demands. In addition, funding will support much needed information technology (IT) initiatives that will enhance the judicial process and/or produce cost savings and avoidance. The Judiciary plans to use $19.0 million on a multi-year effort to implement enterprise hosting and cloud computing for the courts that will improve IT security and continuity of operations capabilities, and $7.0 million of FY 2016 funding and available FY 2015 balances will be used to replace the Judiciary’s outdated email system. The Judiciary continues to strengthen its cyber security initiatives in the wake of the Office of Personnel Management’s cyber incident. This series of events brought to the forefront both the importance of cyber security and how a 

lapse in IT security can expose sensitive iJudiciary plans to strengthen its cybersecu

FY 2016. The Judiciary will continue to improve its and offender supervision practices througspending approximately $15.0 million on pretrial services program to expand its ev

and Staff Training Aimed at Reducing ReThese resources will assist with reducing offenders under supervision in the commuIn FY 2016, federal defender organizationto continue backfilling staff vacancies and 

staff to meet workload demands, as called developed staffing formula for FDOs. FY allows panel attorneys to receive cost-of-l(COLA) to their hourly rate for work in crepresentations, and an above-COLA incrcapital rate from $128 to $129 per hour ef2016. This is the first increase above infl

FY 2010.Additionally, the FY 2016 enacted approp

for improved security at our courthouses. funding for additional court security officpart of the first year of a phased, multi-yenew staffing standards recommended by tService. Finally, FY 2016 enacted fundinprojected need for petit and grand jurors. 

Foreword 
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 FY 2017 Budget Request 

The FY 2017 budget request will maintain current services across the Judiciary and sustain progress on several major initiatives initiated in FY 2016. For the courts’ Salaries and Expenses account, the Judiciary requests $5.1 billion, an increase of $127 million in discretionary appropriations over the FY 2016 enacted level. This request includes funding to support the court staffing levels needed to meet workload requirements, including additional staff for post-conviction supervision of 6,000 drug offenders released from prison as a result of the July 2014 decision of the U.S. Sentencing Commission to apply retroactively a sentencing guideline reduction for federal drug crimes. For the Defender Services account, the Judiciary requests $1.1 billion, an increase of $51 million over the FY 2016 enacted level which includes sufficient funding to support the projected number of representations for FY 2017 and to continue hiring staff as called for in the new FDO staffing formula to meet workload requirements. The request also includes funding for panel attorneys to receive COLAs and for a $6 per hour aboveCOLA increase to the non-capital panel attorney hourly rate (from $131 per hour to $137 per hour) to close the gap between the current rate and the statutorily authorized maximum. The Judiciary’s request also includes $565.4 million for Court Security, an increase of $27.2 million over the enacted FY 2016 level to protect judges, court staff, and the public at court facilities. This funding level will support security-related IT maintenance and enhancements and provides $3.6 million for additional CSO positions as part of the second year of a 

phased, multi-year implementation of the standards. For the Fees of Jurors account, the Judiciamillion, a decrease of $0.5 million from thlevels due to declining jury trials; howevefund all projected juror requirements. Thincludes $3.8 million for a $10 increase to attendance fee (from $40 to $50), effectivcompensate jurors more adequately for thjuror fee has not been increased since Decthough the cost of living has increased sig

time. 

Cost Containment 

The Judiciary’s aggressive cost-containmachieved cost savings and cost avoidance 

will continue to do so. These efforts focumay have the greatest impact on long-term 

GSA space rent, personnel expenses, infoand operating expenses. 

 The Judiciary continues to make s

of reducing its space footprint by end of FY 2018. Approximately 4space has already been removed frThis represents about 50 percent ospace reduction target. 

 The Judiciary continues to update 

measurement formulas on a regulabest practices, shared administratiimprovements in information tech
iii 

efficiencies. In September 2015, the Judicial Conference approved new staffing formulas for probation and pretrial services offices, and the first ever staffing formula for FDOs. 

During FY 2015, the Government Accountability Office (GAO) conducted a study, at the request of Senator Charles Grassley, on sequestration and cost containment in the Judiciary. This comprehensive study examined the Judiciary’s current methodology for calculating savings and cost avoidance and provided recommendations for the Judiciary to further strengthen its cost savings estimates and reporting. In November 2015, the GAO issued a final report and the Judiciary is determining how it will respond to the report’s recommendations. Courthouse Construction and Capital Security Improvements Because the Judiciary lacks independent real property authority, the Judiciary’s courthouse construction and capital security projects are funded from the General Services Administration’s (GSA) budget. 

The Judiciary is extremely grateful to Con$948 million in FY 2016 to GSA for the ccourthouses on the Judiciary’s Courthous(CPP) plan. These resources will fully fucourthouse projects on the CPP. For FY 2017, the Judiciary requests that C

GSA $26 million for additional capital seameliorate security deficiencies in existinbuildings where physical renovations are construction of a new courthouse. The st

funding of these projects is crucial to addsecurity risks that threaten the safety of th

public. 

Summary 

The Judiciary’s FY 2017 discretionary bubillion is summarized in the following padescription of the Judiciary’s FY 2017 req

requests for courthouse construction and crequirements can be found in The Judiciafor FY 2017, Congressional 

Julia S. Gibbons James C. Duff United States Circuit Judge Director, Administrative Office 

 for the Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals of the United States Courts Chair, Budget Committee of the Secretary, Judicial Conference of the Unit Judicial Conference of the United States 
iv 
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TABLE OF CONTENTS 

Foreword............................................................................................................................Overview of the Judiciary......................................................................................................FY 2017 Budget Summary - Details of Request...........................................................................Summary Tables 

Judiciary Appropriation Funding.......................................................................................Summary of FTE for FY 2015 - FY 2017..............................................................................FY 2017 Summary of Requested Changes ...........................................................................Outlays for FY 2015 – FY 2017 .......................................................................................

FY 2017 Request Summary by Appropriation 

Supreme Court of the United States 

Salaries and Expenses................................................................................................Care of the Building and Grounds.................................................................................

United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit...............................................................United States Court of International Trade...........................................................................Court of Appeals, District Courts and Other Judicial Services 

Salaries and Expenses................................................................................................Defender Services......................................................................................................Fees of Jurors and Commissioners.................................................................................Court Security.........................................................................................................

Administrative Office of the United States Courts.....................................................................Federal Judicial Center...................................................................................................Judicial Retirement Funds................................................................................................United States Sentencing Commission.................................................................................Judiciary Appropriations Language....................................................................................Title III Administrative Provisions – The Judiciary..................................................................Title VI General Provisions.............................................................................................

Judiciary Space Priorities for FY 2017 Budget Request 

Courthouse Construction................................................................................................Capital Security Program................................................................................................
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1 

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The organization of the judiciary, the distboundaries, the places of holding court, afederal judges are established by laws passigned by the President. The number of fdistrict and in the courts of appeals is authon the basis of workload. In addition to the adjudication of cases, osuch as the provision of criminal defense supervision of offenders, are prescribed bfollowing sections provide a brief overviecourts and other related activities of the JuUnited States Supreme Court The United States Supreme Court consistof whom is appointed as Chief Justice of The Supreme Court is the final arbiter in system. United States Courts of Appeals There are 13 courts of appeals and 179 aucourt judgeships nationwide. Twelve of thave jurisdiction over cases within a regioThe twelve regional courts of appeals revUnited States district courts and the Uniteand orders and decisions from a number oadministrative agencies. 

Overview of The Judiciary

The Federal Judiciary

United States Supreme Court 

U.S Court of Appeals 

12 Regional Circuit Courts of Appeals 

1 U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal 

Circuit 

Trial Courts 

U.S District Courts 

U.S. Bankruptcy Courts 

U.S. Court of International Trade 

U.S. Court of Federal Claims 

Other Judiciary Entities/Programs 

Probation and Pretrial Services 

Defender Services 

Court Security 

Fees of Jurors and Commissioners 

Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts 

Federal Judicial Center 

Judiciary Trust Funds 

United States Sentencing Commission 
2 

The United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit The United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit has exclusive national jurisdiction over a large number of diverse subject areas, including international trade, government contracts, patents, trademarks, certain money claims against the United States government, federal personnel, and veterans’ benefits. Appeals to the court come from all 94 federal district courts, as well as the United States Court of Federal Claims, the United States Court of International Trade, and the United States Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims. There are 12 authorized Article III circuit judgeships nationwide. United States District Courts There are 94 district courts in the 50 states, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and the territories of Guam, the U.S. Virgin Islands and the Northern Mariana Islands. The U.S. District Courts are the courts of general jurisdiction in the federal court system, and most federal cases are initially tried and decided in these courts. There are 677 authorized Article III district court judgeships nationwide. The Federal Magistrates Act of 1968 created the office of magistrate judge to assist the district court judges. Magistrate judges are non-Article III judges appointed by the district judges, and they serve for a term of years rather than a lifetime appointment. Full-time magistrate judges serve a term of eight years and may be reappointed. 

United States Bankruptcy Courts The bankruptcy courts are separate units oFederal courts have exclusive jurisdiction cases. This means that a bankruptcy case 

state court. United States bankruptcy jud

judges appointed by the courts of appeals rather than a lifetime appointment. They years and may be reappointed. United States Court of International TrThe Court of International Trade, with ninhas exclusive nationwide jurisdiction of cthe United States, its agencies and officeractions brought by the United States, arisi

transactions and the administration and enfederal customs and international trade laUnited States Court of Federal Claims The Court of Federal Claims has nationwcertain types of claims against the federal 

judges are appointed for a term of 15 yearwith the advice and consent of the Senatethe Court of Federal Claims are authorizethe constitution and do not have the tenurprotections of Article III judges. 
3 

Probation and Pretrial Services Federal probation and pretrial services officers protect the public through the investigation and supervision of defendants and offenders within the federal criminal justice system. A pretrial services officer supervises defendants awaiting trial who are released into our communities and provides a source of information upon which the court can determine conditions of release or detention while criminal cases are pending adjudication. In support of sentencing determinations, which require both uniformity of practice and attention to individual circumstances, probation officers provide the court with reliable information concerning the offender, the victim, and the offense committed, as well as an impartial application of the sentencing guidelines. Probation officers supervise offenders sentenced to probation, as well as offenders coming out of federal prison who are required to serve a term of supervised release. Defender Services The federal judiciary oversees and administers the federal defender and appointed counsel program, which provides legal representation and other services to persons financially unable to obtain counsel in criminal and related matters in federal court. The Sixth Amendment to the Constitution guarantees that “[i]n all criminal prosecutions the accused shall enjoy the right...to have the assistance of counsel for his defense.” The Criminal Justice Act provides that courts shall appoint counsel from federal public and community defender organizations or from a panel of private attorneys (“panel attorneys”) established by the court. 

Court Security The judiciary’s Court Security appropriatguard services and security systems and eStates courthouses and other facilities houoperations. These services are contracted the Department of Justice’s United States with additional guard services provided bHomeland Security’s Federal Protective SFees of Jurors and Commissioners The judiciary receives funding to provide and allowances of federal grand and petit 

compensation of land commissioners. Administrative Office of the U.S. CourtThe Administrative Office of the U.S. Cosupport entity for the judicial branch. It h

oversight of the court security program, thpretrial services program, and the defende

It supports the Judicial Conference of the 

determining judiciary policies; develops nsystems, and programs for conducting the federal courts efficiently and economicallsupports the application of technology; costatistics on the business of the federal coplanning and decisions about resource neefinancial management services and personsupport; and conducts audits and reviews continued quality and integrity of federal 
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Federal Judicial Center The Federal Judicial Center is the judiciary’s research and education agency. The Center undertakes research and evaluation of judicial operations and procedures for both the committees of the Judicial Conference and the courts themselves. It provides judges, court personnel, and others orientation, continuing education and training through seminars; curriculum units for in-court use; monographs and manuals; and audio, video, and interactive media programs. Payment to Judicial Retirement Funds This appropriation finances annuity payments to retired bankruptcy judges and magistrate judges, U.S. Court of Federal Claims judges, and spouses and dependent children of deceased judicial officers. United States Sentencing Commission The U.S. Sentencing Commission promulgates sentencing policies, practices, and guidelines for the federal criminal justice system. The Chair, three Vice Chairs, and three other voting commissioners are appointed by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate.
5 

The judiciary’s appropriation request for FY 2017 totals $7,582,995,000 (includes mandatory and discretionary), an increase of $239,222,000, or 3.3 percent over the FY 2016 enacted appropriations. Of that increase, $25,552,000 is for mandatory appropriations (4.5 percent increase) and $213,670,000 is for discretionary appropriations (3.2 percent increase). Adjustments to Base (Mandatory Appropriations) A $25.6 million increase is requested for mandatory judiciary appropriations, as follows: 1. An increase of $12.9 million is required for the judiciary 

retirement trust funds accounts based on requirements calculated by an independent actuary. 

2. An increase of $7.2 million is for pay adjustments for 

Article III and bankruptcy judges for the Supreme Court, the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, the Court of International Trade, and the S&E account, including the annualization of the FY 2016 pay adjustment, a proposed January 2017 pay adjustment, and changes in benefits costs. 

3. An increase of $5.5 million is associated with an additional 

11 senior judges FTE, an additional 6 active Article III judges FTE, and an additional 8 bankruptcy judges FTE. 

Adjustments to Base (Discretionary ApA total of $179.7 million (84.1 percent) omillion discretionary increase will providinflation and other adjustments to base necurrent services. Base adjustments include: 4. An increase of $87.4 million will prov

pay and benefit rate increases for mag

judges, judges’ staff, and supporting pincludes annualizing the January 2016 

proposed January 2017 pay adjustmencosts, cost-of-living rate increases for wage rate adjustment for court securit

5. A net increase of $57.4 million is nec

appropriated sources of funds used to requirements in FY 2016 with direct ajudiciary will keep the Appropriations informed of any change in this estima

6. A net increase of $18.2 million is requ

new space delivered in FY 2016, the cexpected to be delivered in FY 2017, 

inflation, and other space-related adju

Budget Summary – Details of Request 
6 

7. An increase of $14.0 million will provide for increases in 

contract rates and other standard inflationary increases. 

8. An increase of $11.9 million is associated with an 

additional 37 senior judges’ staff, an additional 30 Article III judges’ staff, and an additional 28 bankruptcy judges’ staff. 

9. An increase of $10.7 million is associated with adjustments 

to security systems and equipment requirements. 

10. An increase of $8.4 million is associated with a projected 

increase in panel attorney capital and non-capital representations. 

11. An increase of $6.3 million will provide for annualizing 28 

federal defender organization positions, 2 case budgeting positions, 4 staff at the U.S. Sentencing Commission and 69 additional court security officer positions initially funded in FY 2016. 

12. An increase of $5.0 million will provide for estimated 

increases in Federal Protective Service (FPS) security charges, based on rates established by FPS. 

13. A net decrease of $27.8 million is due to reduced 

information technology requirements in FY 2017. 

14. A decrease of $5.2 million is for a temporary reduction to 

the court security officer (CSO) program due to high CSO vacancy rates. 

15. A decrease of $2.2 million is associate

costs for new judges in FY 2016. 

16. A decrease of $1.8 million is associate

costs associated with the technology fCourt (-$0.6 million) and projects funCourt’s Care of the Building and Groumillion). 

17. A decrease of $1.7 million is associate

requirements associated with the revieJustice Act (CJA) program. 

18. A net decrease of $0.6 million is asso

projected net change in available juro

19. A decrease of $0.2 million is associate

savings in panel attorney costs in the D

account as a result of the addition of tbudgeting attorney positions in FY 20

Program Increases (Discretionary AppThe remaining $34.0 million (15.9 percenincrease is for program enhancements inc20. An increase of $11.5 million is reques

the continued implementation of the nformula. 
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21. An increase of $6.7 million will provide for 73 FTE for 

probation and pretrial services offices to meet projected increases in workload. 

22. An increase of $4.8 million will provide for the design and 

construction costs for the continuation of the exterior stone restoration project at the Supreme Court. 

23. An increase of $3.8 million is requested to increase the 

daily juror attendance fee by $10 (from $40 to $50) for grand and petit jurors, effective January 2017. 

24. An increase of $3.6 million is requested to hire an 

additional 69 CSOs for the second year of the phased implementation of the new CSO staffing standards. 

25. An increase of $1.9 million will provide for a $6 hourly 

rate increase above inflation, from $131 to $137 per hour, for non-capital cases, effective January 2017. 

26. An increase of $1.5 million will provi

and maintain the Facilities Access Cait moves from the implementation phaphase. 

27. An increase of $1.3 million is request

magistrate judges (2 FTE), six supporassociated operating costs for DenverFalls, TX or Fort Worth, TX. 

28. An increase of $1.0 million will provi

system requirements and conduct systplanning for replacing the Judicial Sec

and Reporting Tool (JSMART), whicinformation technology system for USfacilities. 

29. A decrease of $2.0 million is associate

decline in caseload for circuit units an

9 FTE) and district courts (-15 FTE). 
8 

 Appropriation Account Mandatory1 Discretionary Total Mandatory1 Discretionary Total Mandatory 

Supreme Court Salaries and Expenses 2,527 74,967 77,494 2,562 75,838 78,400 2,611 

 Building and Grounds - 11,640 11,640 - 9,964 9,964 - 

 Total, U.S. Supreme Court 2,527 86,607 89,134 2,562 85,802 88,364 2,611 

Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit 2,663 30,212 32,875 2,922 30,872 33,794 2,965 

Court of International Trade 1,176 17,807 18,983 2,005 18,160 20,165 2,044 

Courts of Appeals, District Courts, and Other Judicial Services: Salaries and Expenses 396,725 4,846,818 5,243,543 402,733 4,918,969 5,321,702 415,254 

 Vaccine Injury Trust Fund - 5,423 5,423 - 6,050 6,050 - 

 Total, Salaries and Expenses 396,725 4,852,241 5,248,966 402,733 4,925,019 5,327,752 415,254 

 Defender Services - 1,016,499 1,016,499 - 1,004,949 1,004,949 - 

 Fees of Jurors & Commissioners - 52,191 52,191 - 44,199 44,199 - 

 Court Security - 513,975 513,975 - 538,196 538,196 - 

 Subtotal, CADCOJS 396,725 6,434,906 6,831,631 402,733 6,512,363 6,915,096 415,254 

Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts - 84,399 84,399 - 85,665 85,665 - 

Federal Judicial Center - 26,959 26,959 - 27,719 27,719 - 

Judicial Retirement Funds 143,600 - 143,600 155,400 - 155,400 168,300 

United States Sentencing Commission - 16,894 16,894 - 17,570 17,570 - 

 Total Direct 546,691 6,692,361 7,239,052 565,622 6,772,101 7,337,723 591,174 

 Vaccine Injury Trust Fund - 5,423 5,423 - 6,050 6,050 - 

 Total, Judiciary 546,691 6,697,784 7,244,475 565,622 6,778,151 7,343,773 591,174 

1 FY 2015 mandatory levels reflect actuals, with the exception of Supreme Court which reflects the FY 2015 financial plan level. FY 2016 mandatory levels represent FY 

 THE JUDICIARY 

Judiciary Appropriation Funding ($000)

FY 2015 Enacted FY 2016 Enacted 
9 

 Appropriation Account Mandatory Discretionary Total Mandatory Discretionary Total Mandatory DSupreme Court Salaries and Expenses 9 488 497 9 488 497 9 

 

 Building and Grounds - 41 41 - 50 50 - 

 

 Total, U.S. Supreme Court 9 529 538 9 538 547 9 

 

Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit 12 125 137 12 139 151 12 

 

Court of International Trade 9 47 56 9 71 80 9 

 

Courts of Appeals, District Courts, and Other Judicial Services: Salaries and Expenses 1,786 26,093 27,879 1,793 26,319 28,112 1,818 

 

 Vaccine Injury Trust Fund - - - - - - - 

 

 Total, Salaries and Expenses 1,786 26,093 27,879 1,793 26,319 28,112 1,818 

 

 Defender Services - 2,568 2,568 - 2,784 2,784 - 

 

 Fees of Jurors & Commissioners - - - - - - - 

 

 Court Security - 57 57 - 72 72 - 

 Subtotal, CADCOJS 1,786 28,718 30,504 1,793 29,175 30,968 1,818 

 

Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts - 579 579 - 621 621 - 

 

Federal Judicial Center - 127 127 - 132 132 - 

 

Judicial Retirement Funds - - - - - - - 

 

United States Sentencing Commission - 93 93 - 95 95 - 

 

 Total Direct 1,816 30,218 32,034 1,823 30,771 32,594 1,848 

 

 Reimbursables, AO - 401 401 - 474 474 - 

 

 Total, Judiciary 1,816 30,619 32,435 1,823 31,245 33,068 1,848 

 

Summary of FTE

The Judiciary

FY 2015 Actual FY 2016 Estimate 
10 

Supreme Federal International Salaries Defender Fees of Jurors and Court Administrative Fed. Judic

Court Circuit Trade and Expenses Services Commissioners Security Subtotal Office Center 

FTE ($000) FTE ($000) FTE ($000) FTE ($000) FTE ($000) ($000) FTE ($000) FTEs ($000) FTE ($000) FTE ($0

FY 2016 Enacted Appropriation Level - Mandatory 9 2,562 12 2,922 9 2,005 1,793 402,733 - - - - - 1,793 402,733 - - - 

 

FY 2016 Enacted Appropriation Level - Discretionary 538 85,802 139 30,872 71 18,160 26,319 4,918,969 2,784 1,004,949 44,199 72 538,196 29,175 6,506,313 621 85,665 132 27

 

 FY 2016 Vaccine Injury Trust Fund - - - - - - - 6,050 - - - - - - 6,050 - - - 

 

 Reimbursable FTE 474 

FY 2016 Available Appropriation 547 88,364 151 33,794 80 20,165 28,112 5,327,752 2,784 1,004,949 44,199 72 538,196 30,968 6,915,096 1,095 85,665 132 27,

 

FY 2017 Adjustments to Base

Judges:- Pay and benefit cost adjustments - 49 - 43 - 39 - 9,485 - - - - - - 9,485 - - - 

 

- Additional senior judges - - - - - - 48 6,869 - - - - - 48 6,869 - - - 

 

- Increase in average number of filled Article III judges - - - - - 36 5,597 - - - - - 36 5,597 - - - 

 

- Increase in average number of filled bankruptcy judges - - - - - - 36 4,924 - - - - - 36 4,924 - - - 

 

- Non-recurring costs of new FY 2016 judges - - - - - - - (2,239) - - - - - - (2,239) - - - 

 

- Payments to judiciary retirement trust funds - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 

 

Court Personnel- Pay and benefit cost adjustments - 1,134 - 334 - 261 - 59,127 - 13,733 - - (2,765) - 70,095 - 1,892 - 

 

- Annualization of FDO positions added in FY 2016 - - - - - - - - 14 3,197 - - - 14 3,197 - - - 

 

- Annualization of positions funded in fiscal year 2016 - - - - - - - - 1 215 - - - 1 215 - - - 

 

- Change in projected panel attorney caseload - - - - - - - - - 8,380 - - - - 8,380 - - - 

 

Other Changes- Funding necessary to maintain current services - - - - - - - 50,322 - 11,078 (4,096) - - - 57,304 - 103 - 

 

- Inflation (non-space-related) - 370 - 102 - 41 - 9,843 `` 2,522 406 - 126 - 12,897 - 88 - 

 

- Vaccine Injury Trust Fund adjustment - - - - - - - 210 - - - - - - 210 - - - 

 

- Space related costs (includes inflation for space rental rates) - - - - - (8) - 17,321 - 778 - - 97 - 18,196 - - - 

 

- Information technology requirements - - - - - - - (27,808) - - - - - - (27,808) - - - 

 

- Change in available jurors - - - - - - - - - - (580) - - - (580) - - - 

 

- Adjustments to base (non-recurring requirements) - (570) - (1,200) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 

 

- FPS security service charges - - - - - 8 - - - - - - 4,946 - 4,946 - - - 

 

- FY 2017 court security officer wage adjustments - - - - - - - - - - - - 10,439 - 10,439 - - - 

 

- Annualization of court security officer positions (69) - - - - - - - - - - - - 2,757 - 2,757 - - - 

 

- Temporary reduction to CSO program due to high vacancy rates - - - - - - - - - - - - (5,209) - (5,209) - - - 

 

- Adjustments to base for security systems and equipment - - - - - - - - - - - - 10,701 - 10,701 - - - 

 

- Savings related to case-budgeting positions - - - - - - - - - (215) - - - - (215) - - - 

 

- Non-recurring costs associated with the CJA Review - - - - - - - - - (1,700) - - - - (1,700) - - - 

 

 Subtotal, FY 2017 Adjustments to Base - - 983 (721) - 341 120 133,651 15 37,988 (4,270) - 21,092 135 188,461 - 2,083 - 

 

Total Adjustments to Base, Mandatory - 49 - 43 - 39 25 12,521 - - - - - 25 12,521 - - - 

 

Total Adjustments to Base, Discretionary - 934 - (764) - 302 95 121,130 15 37,988 (4,270) - 21,092 110 175,940 - 2,083 - 

 

FY 2017 Adjusted Base 547 89,347 151 33,073 80 20,506 28,232 5,461,403 2,799 1,042,937 39,929 72 559,288 31,103 7,103,557 1,095 87,748 132 28,

 

FY 2017 Program IncreasesJudges:- Magistrate judges and staff - - - - - - 8 1,258 - - - - - 8 1,258 - - - 

 

Court Personnel and Programs:- Interior Courtyard Stone Cleaning and Restoration - 4,800 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 

 

- Change in appellate and district court support staff - - - - - - (24) (2,039) - - - - - (24) (2,039) - - - 

 

- Change in probation and pretrial court support staff - - - - - - 73 6,677 - - - - - 73 6,677 - - - 

 

- Implementation of the FDO staffing formula - - - - - - - - 50 11,531 - - - 50 11,531 - - - 

 

- Non-Captital panel attorney hourly rate increase (from $131 to $137) - - - - - - - - - 1,858 - - - - 1,858 - - - 

 

- Increase to juror daily rate (from $40 to $50) - - - - - - - - - - 3,794 - - - 3,794 - - - 

 

- Phased implementation (second year) of new CSO staffing standards - - - - - - - - - - - - 3,600 - 3,600 - - - 

 

- Judicial Security Management and Reporting Tool replacement - - - - - - - - - - - - 1,000 - 1,000 - - - 

 

- Facility Access Card (FAC) sustainment - - - - - - - - - - - - 1,500 - 1,500 - - - 

 

 Subtotal, FY 2017 Program Increases - 4,800 - - - - 57 5,896 50 13,389 3,794 - 6,100 107 29,179 - - - 

 

Total Program Increases, Mandatory - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 

 

Total Program Increases, Discretionary - 4,800 - - - - 57 5,896 50 13,389 3,794 - 6,100 107 29,179 - - - 

 

Total Mandatory Increases - 49 - 43 - 39 25 12,521 - - - - - 25 12,521 - - - 

 

Total Discretionary Increases - 5,734 - (764) - 302 152 127,026 65 51,377 (476) - 27,192 217 205,119 - 2,083 - 

 

Total Increases Requested, FY 2017 - 5,783 - (721) - 341 177 139,547 65 51,377 (476) - 27,192 242 217,640 - 2,083 - 

 

Total Mandatory 9 2,611 12 2,965 9 2,044 1,818 415,254 - - - - - 1,818 415,254 - - - 

 

Total Discretionary 538 91,536 139 30,108 71 18,462 26,471 5,052,045 2,849 1,056,326 43,723 72 565,388 29,392 6,717,482 1,095 87,748 132 28,

 

 Reimbursable FTE 474 

FY 2017 Appropriation Request 547 94,147 151 33,073 80 20,506 28,289 5,467,299 2,849 1,056,326 43,723 72 565,388 31,210 7,132,736 621 87,748 132 28,

 

COURTS OF APPEALS, DISTRICT COURTS, AND OTHER JUDICIAL SERVICES

FY 2017 Summary of Requested Changes
11 

 Appropriation FY 2015 FY 2016 FY 2017 YR 1 YR 2 Supreme Court Discretionary 72,469 75,581 76,576 80% 20% 

 Mandatory 2,527 2,562 2,611 100% 0% 

 Total, Salaries and Expenses 74,996 78,143 79,187

 Buildings and Grounds 9,000 11,063 17,087 68% 12% 

Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit Discretionary 26,178 31,400 30,220 80% 20% 

 Mandatory 2,663 2,922 2,965 100% 0%  Total, Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit 28,841 34,322 33,185

Court of International Trade Discretionary 16,123 18,319 19,202 95% 5%  Mandatory 1,176 2,005 2,044 100% 0%  Total, Court of International Trade 17,299 20,324 21,246

Courts of Appeals, District Courts, and Other Judicial Services:

 Salaries and Expenses - Discretionary 4,948,267 4,801,808 5,036,746 93% 7%  Salaries and Expenses - Mandatory 402,733 396,725 415,254 100% 0% 

 Total, Salaries and Expenses 5,198,533 5,351,000 5,452,000

 Defender Services 986,541 1,034,511 1,054,003 97% 3% 

 Fees of Jurors & Commissioners 49,159 44,992 48,948 99.5% 0.5% 

 Court Security 486,041 544,000 566,200 80.0% 20.0% Total, Courts of Appeals, District Courts, and Other Judicial Services 6,974,503 6,720,274 7,121,151

Administrative Office of the United  States Courts 71,993 76,222 88,148 94% 6% 

Federal Judicial Center 27,371 28,194 28,341 95% 5% 

Judicial Retirement Funds (MANDATORY) 155,400 143,600 168,300 100% 0% 

United States Sentencing Commission 16,252 17,981 18,448 85% 15% 

 Subtotal, Discretionary 6,562,935 6,830,530 6,983,919

 Subtotal, Mandatory 546,691 565,622 591,174

 Total, Judiciary 7,109,626 7,396,152 7,575,093

THE JUDICIARY

Outlays - FY 2015 to FY 2017

(Dollars in Thousands)

Outlay Spendout Rates
12 
13 

FY 2017 Request 

Summary by Appropriation 
14 
15 

U.S. Supreme Court 

Salaries and Expenses 

FTE ($000) FTE ($000) FTE ($00

FY 2016 Enacted Appropriation 9 2,562 488 75,838 497 78,4

Adjustments to Base - 49 - 830 - 8

FY 2017 Appropriation Request 9 2,611 488 76,668 497 79,2

FY 2017 Request

Mandatory Discretionary Total

Budget Summary The Supreme Court requests $79.3 million ($2.6 million for mandatory expenses and $76.7 million for discretionary expenses) in FY 2017. The $76.7 million request for discretionary appropriations 

represents a 1.1 percent increase over the FY 2016 enacted discretionary appropriation. This request reflects the necessary adjustments to base to maintain current services. The Court requests no program increases in FY 2017. Mandatory Adjustments to Base The FY 2017 request includes $49,000 for increases to standard pay and changes in benefits for the Chief Justice and the Associate Justices. 

Discretionary Adjustments to Base The Supreme Court requests a net $0.8 mdiscretionary expenses in FY 2017 for the Expenses account. The FY 2017 request for standard pay and other inflationary adoffset by a $0.5 million reduction to the te
16 

FY 2015 FY 2016 FY 2017 

Actual Estimate Request 

Compensation and Benefits 55,749 60,586 61,677 

Rent, Communications and Utilities 909 1,159 1,180 Travel 561 508 517 Other 18,270 16,147 15,905 

Total Obligations 75,489 78,400 79,279 

Financing Adjustment 2,005 - - 

Available Appropriation 77,494 78,400 79,279 

 Mandatory Appropriation 2,527 2,562 2,611 

 Discretionary Appropriation 74,967 75,838 76,668 

U.S. Supreme Court - Salaries and Expenses

Comparative Summary of Obligations by Category

($000)

Category
17 

U.S. Supreme Court 

Care of the Building and Grounds 

FTE ($000)

FY 2016 Enacted Appropriation 50 9,964

Adjustments to Base - 104

Program Increases - 4,800

FY 2017 Appropriation Request 50 14,868

FY 2017 Request

Discretionary

Budget Summary The Supreme Court requests $14.9 million for its Care of the Building and Grounds account in FY 2017, a 49.2 percent increase over the FY 2016 enacted appropriation. The Architect of the Capitol provides for the structural and mechanical care of the United States Supreme Court Building and Grounds, including maintenance and operation of mechanical, electrical, and electronic equipment. This request includes the necessary adjustments to base to maintain current services and an increase for ongoing exterior stone restoration. Discretionary Adjustments to Base The Supreme Court requests an increase of $0.1 million for standard pay and other inflationary adjustments. 

Program Increases The FY 2017 budget request for the Buildaccount includes $4.8 million for program 1. Interior Courtyard Stone Cleaning a

$4.8 million 

The Court requests $4.8 million for the deconstruction costs for the maintenance anhistorically significant stonework inside t

project is a continuation of the exterior stothat includes the completion of the west frestoration of the north, south, and east fa
18 

FY 2015 FY 2016 FY 2017 

Actual Estimate Request 

Compensation and Benefits 4,573 4,808 4,900 

Rent, Communications and Utilities 1,825 1,850 1,900 

Other 7,211 6,623 7,073 

Total Obligations 13,609 13,281 13,873 

Financing Adjustment (1,969) (3,317) 995 

Available Appropriation 11,640 9,964 14,868 

Category

U.S. Supreme Court - Care of the Building and Grounds

Comparative Summary of Obligations by Category

($000)
19 

United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit 

FTE ($000) FTE ($000) FTE ($00

FY 2016 Enacted Appropriation 12 2,922 139 30,872 151 33,7

Adjustments to Base - 43 - (764) - (7

FY 2017 Appropriation Request 12 2,965 139 30,108 151 33,0

FY 2017 Request

Mandatory Discretionary Total

Budget Summary The Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit requests $33.1 million ($3.0 million for mandatory expenses and $30.1 million for discretionary expenses) for FY 2017. The $30.1 million request for discretionary appropriations represents a 2.5 percent decrease below the FY 2016 enacted discretionary appropriation. This request reflects the necessary adjustments to base to maintain current services and includes a one-time reduction in base resources. The Court requests no program increases in FY 2017. 

Mandatory Adjustments to Base The FY 2017 request includes $43,000 fostandard pay and changes in benefits for jDiscretionary Adjustments to Base The Court requests a net $0.8 million decexpenses in FY 2017. The FY 2017 requmillion for standard pay and other inflatiooffset by a one-time reduction of $1.2 milresulting from successful cost containmenCourt.
20 

FY 2015 FY 2016 FY 2017 

Actual Estimate Request 

Compensation and Benefits 18,108 20,702 21,078 

Rent, Communications and Utilities 7,007 6,586 6,432 Travel 54 100 80 

Other 5,879 6,881 6,183 

Total Obligations 31,048 34,269 33,773 

Financing Adjustment 1,827 (475) (700) 

Available Appropriation 32,875 33,794 33,073 

 Mandatory Appropriation 2,663 2,922 2,965 

 Discretionary Appropriation 30,212 30,872 30,108 

United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit

Comparative Summary of Obligations by Category

($000)

Category
21 

United States Court of International Trade 

FTE ($000) FTE ($000) FTE ($00

FY 2016 Enacted Appropriation 9 2,005 71 18,160 80 20,1

Adjustments to Base - 39 - 302 - 3

FY 2017 Appropriation Request 9 2,044 71 18,462 80 20,5

FY 2017 Request

Mandatory Discretionary Total

Budget Summary The Court of International Trade requests $20.5 million ($2.0 million for mandatory expenses and $18.5 million for discretionary expenses) in FY 2017. The $18.5 million request for discretionary appropriations represents a 1.7 percent increase over the FY 2016 enacted discretionary appropriation. This request reflects the necessary adjustments to base to maintain current services. The Court requests no program increases. 

Mandatory Adjustments to Base The FY 2017 request includes $39,000 fostandard pay and changes in benefits for jDiscretionary Adjustments to Base The Court’s adjustments to base for FY 2to provide for standard pay, other inflatioother court operating expenses. 
22 

FY 2015 FY 2016 FY 2017 

Actual Estimate Request 

Compensation and Benefits 7,592 10,522 10,852 

Rent, Communications and Utilities 6,874 7,072 6,910 Travel 158 183 170 Other 4,047 3,408 2,904 Total Obligations 18,671 21,185 20,836 

Financing Adjustment 312 (1,020) (330) 

Available Appropriation 18,983 20,165 20,506 

 Mandatory Appropriation 1,176 2,005 2,044 

 Discretionary Appropriation 17,807 18,160 18,462 

United States Court of International Trade

Comparative Summary of Obligations by Category

($000)

Category
23 

Court of Appeals, District Courts and Other Judicial Services 

Salaries and Expenses 

FTE ($000) FTE ($000) 

FY 2016 Salaries and Expenses Enacted Appropriation 1,793 402,733 26,319 4,918,969 

 

Vaccine Injury Compensation Trust Fund Appropriation - - - 6,050 

 

 Total, FY 2016 Available Appropriation 1,793 402,733 26,319 4,925,019 

 

Adjustments to Base 25 12,521 95 120,920 

 

Adjustments to Base - Vaccine Injury Compensation Trust Fund - - 210 

 

 Total, Adjustmements to Base 25 12,521 95 121,130 

 

Program Increases - - 57 5,896 

 

 Total, Program Increases - - 57 5,896 

 

FY 2017 Salaries and Expenses Appropriation 1,818 415,254 26,471 5,045,785 

 

Vaccine Injury Compensation Trust Fund Appropriation - - - 6,260 

 

 Total, FY 2017 Appropriation Request 1,818 415,254 26,471 5,052,045 

 

FY 2017 Request

Mandatory Discretionary 

Budget Summary The Judicial Conference requests $5,467.3 million for the Salaries and Expenses account in FY 2017, including $415.3 million for mandatory expenses, $5,045.8 million for discretionary expenses, and $6.2 million from the Vaccine Injury Trust Fund. The FY 2017 total discretionary request of $5,052.0 million is a 2.6 percent increase over the FY 2016 enacted discretionary appropriation. This request includes the necessary adjustments to base to maintain current services and program increases associated with additional magistrate judges 

and increasing workload in the probation program. The Salaries and Expenses appropriation percent of the judiciary’s total appropriatiaccount provides for the operating expenscircuit courts of appeals, district courts, bprobation and pretrial services offices. Thother funding sources, including current yand prior year carryforward balances, to oappropriated funds. The judiciary currentsources of non-appropriated funds will to
24 

FY 2017, $70.3 million below the FY 2016 financial plan estimated level of $437.7 million. Mandatory Adjustments to Base The FY 2017 request includes $12.5 million for mandatory increases for Article III and bankruptcy judges as follows: 1. Pay and benefit cost adjustment for Article III and 

bankruptcy judges salaries and benefits: $7.0 million 

An increase of $7.0 million will provide for expected changes in pay and benefit rates for Article III and bankruptcy judges, including annualizing the January 2016 pay adjustments and an estimated 1.6 percent pay adjustment in January 2017, and changes in benefits costs. 2. Increase in the number of senior judges: 

$2.5 million FTE 11 

An increase of $2.5 million will provide for an additional 11 senior judges anticipated in FY 2017. 3. Increase in average number of filled Article III 

judgeships: $1.4 million FTE 6 

An increase of $1.4 million will provide for an additional 6 filled Article III judgeships anticipated in FY 2017 based on a projected 40 confirmations in FY 2017. 

4. Increase in average number of filled 

judgeships: $1.6 million 

An increase of $1.6 million will provide ffilled bankruptcy judgeships anticipated iDiscretionary Adjustments to Base The FY 2017 request includes a net increfor discretionary adjustments to base consmillion for standard pay, and other inflati$17.3 million for space-related adjustmenreplace non-appropriated funds; and a net million for reduced ongoing information trequirements. 5. Pay and benefit cost adjustment for m

court judges: $2.5 million 

An increase of $2.5 million will provide fin pay and benefit rates for magistrate and including annualizing the January 2016 pestimated 1.6 percent pay adjustment in J6. Increase in the number of senior jud

$4.3 million 

An increase of $4.3 million will provide fstaff FTE to support an additional 11 seniin FY 2017. 
25 

7. Increase in average number of filled Article III 

judgeships: $4.2 million FTE 30 

An increase of $4.2 million will provide for an additional 30 staff FTE to support an additional 6 filled Article III judgeships anticipated in FY 2017. 8. Increase in average number of filled bankruptcy 

judgeships: $3.3 million FTE 28 

An increase of $3.3 million will provide for an additional 28 staff FTE to support an additional 8 filled bankruptcy judgeships anticipated in FY 2017. 9. Non-recurring costs associated with new FY 2016 

Article III judges: -$2.2 million 

A decrease of $2.2 million is requested for non-recurring, onetime costs associated with new judges in FY 2016. 10. Pay and benefit adjustments for court personnel: 

$59.1 million 

A net increase of $59.1 million will provide for annualizing the January 2016 pay adjustment, an estimated 1.6 percent pay adjustment in January 2017, within-grade increases, changes in benefits rates, and two less compensable days. 

11. Funds necessary to maintain FY 201

to an anticipated decline in non-appr

$50.3 million 

The judiciary’s FY 2016 financial plan asyear fee collections and prior-year carryfoFY 2015 will total $437.7 million. The Festimates that these non-appropriated souhelp finance court operations will total $3decrease of $70.3 million from FY 2016 athe $70.3 million, the judiciary requests $appropriations to replace these non-approto maintain current services in FY 2017. 

not request the remaining $20.0 million, a

reduce base requirements in FY 2017. 12. Non-pay inflationary and contractua

$9.8 million 

An increase of $9.8 million is requested f

general inflationary increase and other comiscellaneous increases. 13. Vaccine Injury Compensation Trust The FY 2017 level reflects an increase of standard pay and non-pay inflationary adjVaccine Injury program. 
26 

14. GSA space rental and related expenses: $17.3 million The judiciary requests a net increase of $17.3 million in FY 2017 for General Services Administration (GSA) rent and related services associated with (a) annualizing new space expected to be occupied during FY 2016 (+$15.5 million), (b) adjustments to GSA space rental base costs (+$15.7 million), (c) new space projected to be delivered by GSA in FY 2017 (+$2.2 million), (d) other space-related adjustments (+$8.9 million), and (e) a reduction associated with non-recurring costs of the Integrated Workplace Initiative (-$25.0 million). 15. Ongoing information technology requirements: 

-$27.8 million 

A net decrease of $27.8 million is requested for ongoing information technology requirements. This consists of an increase of $2.6 million to support current operations for the judiciary’s upgrades and enhancements to the integrated financial management, human resources, and rent and property management systems. This will be offset by $30.4 million in non-recurring costs associated with project development, maintenance, and infrastructure costs (-$23.7 million) and the implementation of a new email system (-$6.7 million). Program Increases The FY 2017 request includes $5.9 million for program increases. These increases include: 

16. New FY 2017 full-time magistrate ju

$1.3 million 

The judiciary requests an additional $1.3 additional magistrate judges (2 FTE), six and associated operating costs for DenverFalls, TX or Fort Worth, TX. 17. Change in appellate and district cou

-$2.0 million 

Due to a projected decline in caseload, thdecrease of $2.0 million associated with a circuit units and courts of appeals (-9 FTE and district courts (-15 FTE and -$1.2 milFor appellate and district courts, the projecaseload is primarily due to a decline in cappeals. 18. Change in probation and pretrial co

$6.7 million 

An increase of $6.7 million is requested f

probation and pretrial services offices in F

projected increases in workload. The incrlargely attributable to the recent decision 

Sentencing Commission to apply retroact

sentences for many drug offenders, which in the early release of over 6,000 inmates 2015. 
27 

FY 2015 FY 2016 FY 2017 

Actual Estimate Request 

Compensation and Benefits 3,421,157 3,694,612 3,758,874 

Rent, Communications and Utilities 1,232,531 1,265,858 1,300,778 

Travel 52,482 55,967 59,205 

Other 703,226 749,006 715,811 

Total Obligations 5,409,396 5,765,443 5,834,668 

Financing Adjustment (165,853) (443,741) (373,629) 

Available Appropriation (Direct) 5,243,543 5,321,702 5,461,039 

Vaccine Injury Trust Fund 5,423 6,050 6,260 

Total Available Appropriation 5,248,966 5,327,752 5,467,299 

 Mandatory Appropriation 396,725 402,733 415,254 

 Discretionary Appropriation 4,852,241 4,925,019 5,052,045 

United States Court of Appeals, District Courts and Other Judicial Services

Salaries and Expenses

Comparative Summary of Obligations by Category

($000)

Category
28 

Judges & Chamb

Salaries & Ex

22%

Court 

Rent

19%

Court Support Personnel 

Salaries

26%

Information Technology

7%

Operations and Maintenance

10%

FY 2017 Budget Request

Salaries and Expenses Account by Category

(Obligations)
29 
30 

Judiciary Workload Factors 

Criminal Filings 78,213 78,764 73,455 69,642 64,027 Year-to-Year Change: 4% 1% -7% -5% -8% Criminal Defendants Filed 100,031 102,605 96,915 91,812 84,017 Year-to-Year Change: 3% 3% -6% -5% -8% Probation: Persons Under Supervision 126,642 129,319 132,785 132,362 132,597 Year-to-Year Change: 0.2% 2% 3% -0.3% 0.2% Pretrial Services: Cases Activated 110,671 107,197 105,852 102,457 98,122 Year-to-Year Change: 7% -3% -1% -3% -4% Bankruptcy Filings 1,572,597 1,529,560 1,311,602 1,137,978 1,000,083 Year-to-Year Change: 20% -3% -14% -13% -12% Appellate Filings 56,097 55,353 57,699 56,360 55,260 Year-to-Year Change: -6% -1% 4% -2% -2% Civil Filings 285,215 289,630 286,232 283,087 298,713 Year-to-Year Change: 11% 2% -1% -1% 6% 

WORKLOAD FACTOR

12 m

ending 

2015 

12 months 

ending June 30, 

2010 Actual

12 months 

ending June 30, 

2011 Actual

12 months 

ending June 30, 

2012 Actual

12 months 

ending June 30, 

2013 Actual

12 months 

ending June 30, 

2014 Actual
31 

Explanation of Other Funding Sources In addition to appropriated funds, each year the judiciary uses other non-appropriated funds to offset its appropriation requirement. Fee collections, primarily from court filing fees, comprise the majority of these sources of funds. These funds are used to offset expenses within the Salaries and Expenses account. “Unencumbered” Funds In addition to fee collections, in certain instances the judiciary may carryforward funds from one year to the next. These carryforward funds are considered “unencumbered” when they are generated by savings in the financial plan in base areas or where budgeted costs did not materialize. These savings are usually unforeseen and uncontrollable by the judiciary. For example, the judiciary does not control the confirmation rate of Article III judges. The judiciary makes its best estimate, based on historical confirmation rates of how many judges will be confirmed in the upcoming year. When confirmations fall below historical estimates, the funds budgeted for these judgeships are not obligated. New space delivery is another area that can produce savings. The judiciary budgets for rent costs based on projected delivery dates provided by the General Services Administration. If delivery of the space by GSA is delayed, the previously budgeted rent costs become unencumbered. A similar situation exists within the Judiciary Information Technology Fund. The courts must, by statute, procure their information technology needs, including hardware, software, and system development requirements, from this fund. The 

fund is financed by deposits from the couExpenses account, and once deposited the available without fiscal year limitation. Isavings in the Judiciary Information Techfinancial plan to occur. Information techndifficult to predict with precision, and whbelow projections, savings are realized. Scarried forward in the fund and offset the appropriation requirements. Recognizing that savings in the financial each year, but at unpredictable levels, the estimate the level of unencumbered funds to offset FY 2017 requirements. As the taindicates, the judiciary has estimated that will be $367.4 million in FY 2017, a net dmillion from the $437.7 million in the FY to help finance court operations. Of the $judiciary requests $50.3 million of appropthese non-appropriated funds in order to mservices in FY 2017. The judiciary does nremaining $20.0 million, and will instead requirements in FY 2017. The judiciary’s estimates for non-approprfluctuate during the fiscal year. Administwill update the appropriations subcommitin non-appropriated funding levels during 
32 

Sources of Non-Appropriated Funds 

in Salaries and Expenses 

Fee Collections 212,691 217,369 4,678Other Carryforward 225,000 150,000 (75,000)Total, NonAppropriated Sources of Funding, Excluding Slippage

437,691 367,369 (70,322)

FY 2017 Usage - 50,322 Reduction to FY 2017 Base 20,000 Dollars in Thousands

FY 2016 

Financial 

Plan

FY 2017 

Request Difference

“Encumbered” Funds Carryforward funds are considered “encumbered” when both the funds and the associated need for the funds shift to the next year. The judiciary has no-year authority for specific purposes. In some cases, as was described above, this authority is used to carry forward savings where planned expenses did not occur. This authority is also used when planned expenses are delayed, or slipped, from one year to the next. In FY 2016, $151.5 million will be slipped from FY 2015. These “slippages” occur primarily in two areas: information technology investments and costs associated with new space delivery. In the Judiciary Information Technology Fund, one of the principle reasons for the creation of this fund was the recognition that the development of major information technology systems occurs over a period of years and is not efficiently driven by fiscal 

year limitations. Even so, the judiciary oninformation technology costs that it reasocomplete in a given year. Because funds information technology investments can cfollowing year, funds remain available to 

even if not obligated by the end of the fiscflexibility allows projects to stay on or unavoiding the need to make costly contractobligations based on the calendar rather th

Similarly, the judiciary also receives a limyear authority in its regular appropriation 

and furniture associated with new space dspace alteration and building projects are 

unpredictable delays, the ability of the judforward funds associated with specific projudiciary to budget for major space renovnon-rental costs associated with the delive

courthouse and then carry forward these p

if the project is delayed. These “encumbered” funds, while adding projected obligations in a given fiscal yeajudiciary’s appropriations requirement. Eamount fluctuates from year to year, the f

the specific project are brought forward fr

fund the project, resulting in no additionarequirements. 
33 

Salaries and Expenses Obligations – Judiciary Information Technology Fund Program Require

A BC

IT Program Component

FY 2016 Projected

Obligations

FY 2015 Slipped

Requirements

FY 2016 Base

Requirements

(col a ‐ col b)

FY 2017 Total

Requirements

Judicial Statistical & Reporting Systems 12,017 198 11,819 12,029 

Administrative & Management Systems 68,777 7,516 61,261 72,856 

Telecommunications Program 66,502 1,229 65,273 66,433 

Infrastructure & Collaboration Tools 190,375 39,556 150,819 118,720 Court IT Allotments 89,339 672 88,667 84,509 

Court Administration & Case Management 21,725 2,645 19,080 19,741 

Court Support Reimbursable Program 48,109 0 48,109 50,909 

TOTAL, SALARIES AND EXPENSES 496,844 51,816 445,028 425,196 

($000)
34 
35 

Court of Appeals, District Courts and Other Judicial Services 

Defender Services 

FTE ($000)

FY 2016 Enacted Appropriation 2,784 1,004,949Adjustments to Base 15 37,988Program Increases 50 13,389FY 2017 Appropriation Request 2,849 1,056,326

FY 2017 Request

Discretionary

Budget Summary The judiciary requests $1,056.3 million for Defender Services in FY 2017, a 5.1 percent increase over the FY 2016 enacted discretionary appropriation. This request reflects the necessary adjustments to base to maintain current services as well as program increases for the continued implementation of the new FDO staffing formula and an increase to the non-capital panel attorney hourly rate. This appropriation is approximately 14 percent of the judiciary’s total FY 2017 budget request. This funding supports the provision of constitutionally-mandated legal representation and other services to persons financially unable to obtain counsel in criminal and related matters in federal court. The Criminal Justice Act (CJA) provides that courts shall appoint counsel from federal public and community defender organizations or from a panel of private attorneys established by the court. 

Discretionary Adjustments to Base An increase of $38.0 million is requested base for pay and inflationary increases, as adjustments that will allow the judiciary tconstitutional obligation to provide defeneligible persons in FY 2017. In broad catincreases include: 1. Pay and benefit adjustments, federal 

organizations, and program adminis$13.7 million 

An increase of $13.7 million will provide January 2016 pay adjustment, an estimateadjustment in January 2017, within-grade benefits rates, cost-of-living rate increaseand two less compensable days. 
36 

2. Other inflationary increases: $3.3 million An increase of $3.3 million is required for inflationary adjustments for all non-pay categories, as well as for space rental costs. 3. Annualization of new FDO positions added in FY 2016: 

$3.2 million FTE 14 

The requested increase will annualize costs for 28 additional federal defender organization (FDO) positions (14 FTE) that are expected to be added in FY 2016 and annualize the 8 staff expected to be added by community defender organizations (CDOs) in FY 2016. The FDO staffing formulas were developed and approved by the Judicial Conference in FY 2015 and first used in the FY 2016 financial plan. 4. Annualization of two new circuit case-budgeting attorney 

positions: $0.2 million FTE 1 

The requested increase would annualize costs for two additional CJA case budgeting attorney positions (1 FTE) that are expected to be added in FY 2016. The costs of those positions will be offset by savings in panel attorney representation expenditures. 5. Savings from two new circuit CJA case-budgeting 

attorney positions: -$0.2 million 

The addition of the requested two new case budgeting attorney positions will create an offsetting savings of $0.2 million in panel attorney requirements. 

6. Change in panel attorney caseload: The requested increase represents the coschange in panel attorney capital and non-

projections, which increases by 2,000 rep

81,900 in FY 2016 to 83,900 in FY 2017. 7. Non-recurring costs associated with 

-$1.7 million 

The CJA review is a comprehensive revieprogram. It is funded with resources from 2016. Funds will not be needed in FY 20base requirements. 8. Increase in appropriations needed to 

services: $11.1 million 

In FY 2016, $71.5 million in balances froavailable to finance FY 2016 requirement

judiciary expects $60.4 million in non-apavailable, a decrease of $11.1 million from Therefore, the judiciary requests $11.1 mappropriations to replace this funding. Program Increases 9. Continued implementation of the staf

$11.5 million 

The requested increase provides for FDO continue the implementation of the new F

in FY 2017. Given the inability of the FD
37 

positions required in one fiscal year, the judiciary intends to implement the staffing formula from FY 2016 through FY 2018. The requested funding will support an additional 50 FTE at FDOs and 30 staff at CDOs in FY 2017. 10. Non-capital rate increase: $1.9 million The requested funding supports a $6 hourly rate increase above inflation from $131 to $137 per hour for non-capital cases in FY 2017 (the maximum rate authorized in statute is $146 per hour). The judiciary assumes that there will be a $2 cost-ofliving adjustment in FY 2017, raising the CJA base rate from $129 per hour to $131 per hour for FY 2017. The $6 rate increase is needed to ensure that courts retain and recruit qualified and experienced criminal defense practitioners for their CJA panels. The annualized cost of this increase is $15.1 million.
38 

FY 2015 FY 2016 FY 2017 

Actual Estimate Reques

Compensation and Benefits 369,271 407,241 4

 

Rent, Communications and Utilities 46,168 49,575 

 

Travel 9,914 11,381 

 

Contractual Services (includes panel attorney payments) 429,545 443,465 4

 

Other (includes grants to Community Defender Organizations) 155,181 164,715 1

 

Total Obligations 1,010,079 1,076,377 1,1

 

Financing Adjustment 6,420 (71,428) (

 

Available Appropriation 1,016,499 1,004,949 1,0

 

Category

United States Court of Appeals, District Courts and Other Judicial Services

Comparative Summary of Obligations by Category

($000)

Defender Services
39 

Federal Def

Organizati

62%

Panel Attorneys

37%

Program 

Administration

1%

FY 2017 Budget Request

Defender Services Account by Category

(Obligations)
40 
41 

Court of Appeals, District Courts and Other Judicial Services 

Fees of Jurors and Commissioners 

FTE ($000)

FY 2016 Enacted Appropriation - 44,199Adjustments to Base - (4,270)Program Increases - 3,794FY 2017 Appropriation Request - 43,723

FY 2017 Request

Discretionary

Budget Summary The judiciary requests $43.7 million for Fees of Jurors and Commissioners in FY 2017, a 1.1 percent decrease below the FY 2016 enacted discretionary appropriation. This request reflects the necessary adjustments to base to maintain current services as well as an increase to the daily juror attendance fee. This appropriation is less than one percent of the judiciary’s total budget. Costs associated with this account may be unpredictable and are driven by the number of jury trials, the length of those trials, and statutory rates for reimbursement paid to jurors. Discretionary Adjustments to Base The FY 2017 request includes a net decrease of $4.3 million in adjustments to base associated with inflationary adjustments, projected changes in juror days, and an anticipated increase in non-appropriated funds. This will allow the account to continue to pay for the statutory fees and expenses to grand and 

petit jurors and compensation of land com2017. These adjustments include: 1. Inflationary adjustments: $0.4 millioIn addition to the attendance fees, jurors afor certain expenses including meals and sequestered jurors and transportation of juor crime scenes. Inflationary increases asexpenses are expected to total $0.1 millio$0.3 million for petit jurors in FY 2017. 2. Projected change in juror days: -$0.Overall expenses for grand and petit jurordecrease by $0.6 million in FY 2017 basedecreases in the number of available gran
42 

3. Decrease in appropriations needed to fund current 

services: -$4.1 million 

The FY 2016 financial plan for this account was financed in part by $1.3 million in carry forward balances from FY 2015. A total of $5.4 million in carry forward balances is available to finance FY 2017 requirements. Therefore, the FY 2017 request reflects a reduction of $4.1 million in appropriated funds to cover requirements. Program Increases 4. Increase to the daily juror attendance fee from $40 to 

$50: $3.8 million 

An increase of $3.8 million is requested to increase the daily juror attendance fee by $10 (from $40 to $50) for grand and petit jurors effective January 2017, to compensate jurors more adequately for their services. Although inflation and the cost of living have increased each year, the juror fee has not been increased since December 1990. If inflationary increases had been applied since 1990, the current daily rate would be $73 in 2015, $33 above the current $40 rate. A higher attendance fee that more closely tracks to inflation will help to offset some of the financial burden imposed by jury service, particularly on the approximately 40 percent of private sector workers who receive no pay from their employers while on jury duty. In addition, social science data suggest that higher juror compensation produces fewer jurors seeking and receiving excuses from service, which in turn increases the efficiency of juror utilization and results in the empanelment of more representative juries.
43 

FY 2015 FY 2016 FY 2017 

Actual Estimate Request 

Compensation and Benefits 22,106 21,939 25,733 

Rent, Communications and Utilities 1,734 1,520 1,535 

Travel 23,199 20,409 20,208 

Other 1,737 1,651 1,663 

Total Obligations 48,776 45,519 49,139 

Financing Adjustment 3,415 (1,320) (5,416) 

Available Appropriation 52,191 44,199 43,723 

Category

United States Court of Appeals, District Courts and Other Judicial Services

Comparative Summary of Obligations by Category

($000)

Fees of Jurors and Commissioners
44 

Petit Jurors

65.5%

Grand Jurors

34.3%

Land 

Commissioners

0.2%

FY 2017 Budget Request

Fees of Jurors and Commissioners Account by Category

(Obligations)
45 

Court of Appeals, District Courts and Other Judicial Services 

Court Security 

FTE ($000)

FY 2016 Enacted Appropriation 72 538,196

Adjustments to Base - 21,092

Program Increases: - 6,100

FY 2017 Appropriation Request 72 565,388

Discretionary

Budget Summary The Judicial Conference requests $565.4 million for Court Security in FY 2017, a 5.1 percent increase over the FY 2016 enacted discretionary appropriation. This request reflects the necessary adjustments to base to maintain current services as well as increases for the continued implementation of new CSO staffing standards, planning for a new security-related IT tool and the sustainment of the Facility Access Card project. The majority of the funding in this account is transferred to the U.S. Marshals Service (USMS), which is responsible for administering the Judicial Facility Security Program. The Court Security appropriation is approximately seven percent of the judiciary’s total budget. Discretionary Adjustments to Base The Court Security account requests $21.1 million for adjustments to base for pay, inflationary increases, and other adjustments to maintain FY 2016 current services. In broad categories, these adjustments include: 

1. Pay and benefit decrease: -$2.8 millThe net decrease accounts for annualizing pay adjustment, an estimated 1.6 percent January 2017, within-grade increases, chaand two less compensable days. 2. Annualization of new court security 

in FY 2016: $2.8 million 

Funding is required to annualize costs for expected to be brought on-board in FY 20first year of a multi-year implementation staffing standards. 3. FY 2017 CSO contract and wage rate 

$10.4 million 

This increase provides for an average 3.0 adjustment for contract court security offiby the Department of Labor and based on agreements. 
46 

4. Non-pay inflationary increases: $0.1 million The funding requested will provide for a general inflationary increase of 1.8 percent for travel, supplies, equipment, and other contractual services (exclusive of Court Security Officers contracts). 5. Inflationary increase in GSA space rental costs: 

$0.1 million 

This request represents an inflationary increase and adjustments in the cost of GSA space rental charges for FY 2017. 6. Changes in Federal Protective Service security charges: 

$4.9 million 

The requested increase of $4.9 million will fund basic and building-specific security expenses based on anticipated billings from the Federal Protective Service (FPS). This brings the total request for FPS charges to $82.6 million in FY 2017, which is a 6.4 percent increase over the $77.7 million projected in FY 2016. 

($000) FY 2016 FY 2017 Difference

Basic 31,461 33,161 1,700

Building-Specific 46,210 49,456 3,246Total FPS 77,671 82,617 4,946

7. Temporary reduction to CSO program 

vacancy rates: -$5.2 million 

The CSO burn rate (the percentage of CSand allocated to districts that are actually lower than the judiciary and the USMS filow burn rate is due to high CSO attrition compounded by the lengthy hiring procesUSMS has begun implementing steps to aand meet the judiciary’s goal of a 98 percrequest includes a temporary reduction to funding until the steps implemented by ththese issues take full effect. 8. Adjustments to base for security syste

$10.7 million 

The requested amount reflects a net increin the court security systems and equipmeThis includes $10.9 million in increases fcontrol systems (PACS); perimeter securisecurity systems for new and renovated fainstallation and alterations; additional and equipment; cyclical replacement of screenmaintenance contracts for existing securitradios, accessories, repairs and over-the-aoffsetting decrease of $0.2 million is for sfor new buildings; nationwide contracts fmaintenance; and equipment for probatiooffices and federal public defender organi
47 

Program Increases 9. Phased implementation (second year) of the new CSO 

staffing standards (69 CSOs): $3.6 million 

The USMS estimates that 346 additional CSOs are necessary to fully staff to the new standard. The revised standards include a crucial exterior/forward watch CSO position at the perimeter. The USMS recommended a phased, multi-year implementation of the new CSO staffing standards over five years. This multiyear effort includes 69 CSO positions per year in FYs 2016 through 2019, and an additional 70 CSO positions in FY 2020. The FY 2017 budget request includes $3.6 million to hire an additional 69 CSOs for the second year of the phased implementation of the new CSO staffing standards. Of this amount, $3.2 million is for the CSO positions and $0.4 million is for one-time charges for program administration-related costs for hiring the CSOs. 10. Judicial Security Management and Reporting Tool 

(JSMART) replacement: $1.0 million 

JSMART is the USMS’ information technology (IT) system that stores and analyzes CSO and security systems and equipment data on every USMS-supported court facility nationwide. JSMART currently exists as a module within the Justice Detainee Information System (JDIS) database, along with additional modules that support other USMS core functions. The USMS is currently engaged in an agency-wide information technology enhancement exercise that will replace JDIS with a new system. The USMS will no longer make any 

modifications or enhancements to JDIS, oJSMART, due to the planned transition to The FY 2017 budget request includes an idefine system requirements and conduct splanning. 11. Facility Access Card (FAC) sustainmThe FAC project is the judiciary’s version Security Presidential Directive (HSPD)-1

standards for a secure and reliable form o

known as “smart cards”) for federal goveand contractors. The FAC project is expected to move from phase into a sustainment phase in FY 201

requests $1.5 million in annual funding to 

the program. The funds will be used for cnecessary to manage the FAC systems, anlicensing fees for the cards, system maintsupport, and project management support
48 

FY 2015 FY 2016 FY 2017 

Actual Estimate Request 

Compensation and Benefits 8,400 10,083 10,265 

Rent, Communications and Utilities 7,636 7,680 7,799 

Travel 310 315 321 

Court Security Officers Contract 363,386 384,923 393,518 

Federal Protective Service Charges 76,477 77,671 82,617 

Other 79,681 71,924 82,729 

Total Obligations 535,890 552,596 577,249 

Financing Adjustment (21,915) (14,400) (11,861) 

Available Appropriation 513,975 538,196 565,388 

Category

United States Court of Appeals, District Courts and Other Judicial Services

Comparative Summary of Obligations by Category

($000)

Court Security
49 

Security 

Systems/Equip.

FPS Provided 

Security

CSOs ($000) ($000) ($000) FTE ($000

FY 2016 Financial Obligations 4,295 384,923 62,731 77,671 72 30,

 

Less: Encumbered Carryforward from FY 2015 - - (2,597) - - (

 

FY 2016 Financial Obligations less Encumbered Carryforward 4,295 384,923 60,134 77,671 72 29,

 

Less: Judiciary Information Technology Fund (JITF) - - - - - (4,

 

Less: Unencumbered Carryforward from FY 2015 - - (10,000) - - 

 

Total FY 2016 Enacted Appropriation 4,295 384,923 50,134 77,671 72 25,

 

FY 2017 Appropriations Increases/Decreases 69 8,595 10,701 4,946 - 2,

 

Total FY 2017 Request 4,364 393,518 60,835 82,617 72 28,

 

Court Security - Summary of Requirements and Financing

Court Security Officers 

(CSOs) Program Administrat
50 

Court Security 

Officer Contract 

Costs

69%

Security Systems 

and Equipment

12%

Federal Protective 

Service Charges

14%

Program 

Administration

5%

FY 2017

Budget Request

Court Security Account by Category

(Obligations)
51 

Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts 

Budget Summary The Administrative Office (AO) requests $87.7 million in FY 2017, a 2.4 percent increase over the FY 2016 enacted discretionary appropriation. This request reflects the necessary adjustments to base to maintain current services. The AO requests no program increases. In addition to the appropriation provided by Congress, the AO receives non-appropriated funds from sources such as fee collections and carryover balances to offset its appropriation requirements. The AO also receives reimbursements from 

other judiciary accounts for information tdevelopment and services that are in direc

courts, the court security program, and de

Discretionary Adjustments to Base The AO requests $2.1 million in adjustme2017. This includes $2.0 million for incrand other inflationary adjustments, and $0non-appropriated funds in order to maintaservice as provided in FY 2016. 

FTE ($000)

FY 2016 Enacted Appropriation 621 85,665

Adjustments to Base - 2,083

FY 2017 Appropriation Request 621 87,748

FY 2017 Request

Discretionary
52 

FY 2015 FY 2016 FY 2017 

Actual Estimate Request 

Compensation and Benefits 155,866 180,464 182,957 

Rent, Communications and Utilities 676 801 782 

Travel 1,253 1,944 1,644 

Other 18,546 12,502 8,742 

Total Obligations 176,341 195,711 194,125 

Financing Adjustment (19,547) (22,734) (19,335) 

Reimbursable Program (72,395) (87,312) (87,042) 

Available Appropriation 84,399 85,665 87,748 

Category

Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts

Comparative Summary of Obligations by Category

($000)
53 

Federal Judicial Center 

FTE ($000)

FY 2016 Enacted Appropriation 132 27,719

Adjustments to Base - 616

FY 2017 Appropriation Request 132 28,335

FY 2017 Request

Discretionary

Budget Summary The Federal Judicial Center (FJC) requests $28.3 million in FY 2017, a 2.2 percent increase over the FY 2016 enacted discretionary appropriation. This request reflects the necessary adjustments to base to maintain current services. The FJC requests no program increases. The FJC, which is the research and education arm of the Third Branch, provides judges and other judiciary personnel with 

education and training on legal developmlitigation management and court administworkload is derived in large part by the pcourts. Discretionary Adjustments to Base The Federal Judicial Center requests $0.6 adjustments to base for increases to standinflationary adjustments. 
54 

FY 2015 FY 2016 FY 2017 

Actual Estimate Request 

Compensation and Benefits 18,228 19,652 20,120 

Rent, Communications and Utilities 458 504 474 

Travel 5,682 5,566 5,663 

Other 3,396 2,632 2,651 

Total Obligations 27,764 28,354 28,908 

Financing Adjustment (805) (635) (573) 

Available Appropriation 26,959 27,719 28,335 

Category

Federal Judicial Center

Comparative Summary of Obligations by Category

($000)
55 

Judicial Retirement Funds 

FTE ($000)

FY 2016 Enacted Appropriation - 155,400

Adjustments to Base - 12,900

FY 2017 Appropriation Request - 168,300

FY 2017 Request

Mandatory

Budget Summary The Judicial Conference requests $168.3 million for the Judicial Retirement Funds in FY 2017, an 8.3 percent increase over the FY 2016 enacted appropriation. The Payments to the Judicial Retirement Funds is a congressionally-scored mandatory account and is divided among three trust funds that finance payments to (1) retired bankruptcy and magistrate judges, (2) retired Court of Federal Claims judges, and (3) spouses and dependent children of deceased judicial officers. The appropriation requirements are calculated annually by an enrolled actuary pursuant to 31 U.S.C. 9503. 

Mandatory Adjustments to Base Based on independent actuarial calculatio$12.9 million is required for this account 
56 

FY 2015 FY 2016 FY 2017 

Actual Estimate Request 

Other - Judicial Officers' Retirement Fund 115,800 127,300 140,100 

Other - Judicial Survivors' Annuities Fund 21,800 22,200 22,400 

Other - United States Court of Federal Claims Judges' Retirement Fund 6,000 5,900 5,800 

Total Obligations/Appropriations 143,600 155,400 168,300 

Category

Judicial Retirement Funds

Comparative Summary of Obligations by Category

($000)
57 

United States Sentencing Commission 

FTE ($000)

FY 2016 Enacted Appropriation 95 17,570

Adjustments to Base 1 580

FY 2017 Appropriation Request 96 18,150

FY 2017 Request

Discretionary

Budget Summary The U.S. Sentencing Commission requests $18.2 million in FY 2017, a 3.3 percent increase over the FY 2016 enacted discretionary appropriation. This request reflects the necessary adjustments to base to maintain current services. The Commission requests no program increases. The fulfillment of the Commission’s duties to review and revise the sentencing guidelines regularly, collect data from federal sentencing courts, analyze these data to provide meaningful information on federal sentencing practices, and provide extensive training to guideline users can be satisfied only with full funding of its FY 2017 request. Full funding will allow the Commission to continue its efforts to review and revise the guidelines; provide specialized training on federal sentencing issues, including application of the guidelines; 

modernize its data collection, analysis, anand continue its review of alternatives to The Commission has begun a comprehenfederal sentencing. As part of the assessmheld regional hearings across the country received will help to shape the Commissifor the year. Discretionary Adjustments to Base The Commission requests $0.6 million in in FY 2017. This includes $0.5 million fostandard pay and other inflationary adjustincrease of $0.1 million for annualizing 4 funded in FY 2016. 
58 

FY 2015 FY 2016 FY 2017 

Actual Estimate Request 

Compensation and Benefits 12,249 13,924 14,359 

Rent, Communications and Utilities 22 30 32 

Travel 472 553 560 

Other 3,947 4,162 3,199 

Total Obligations 16,690 18,669 18,150 

Financing Adjustment 204 (1,099) - 

Available Appropriation 16,894 17,570 18,150 

Category

United States Sentencing Commission

Comparative Summary of Obligations by Category

($000)
59 

Judiciary Appropriations Language 

Supreme Court of the United States - Salaries and Expenses For expenses necessary for the operation of the Supreme Court, as required by law, excluding care of the building and grounds, including hire of passenger motor vehicles as authorized by 31 U.S.C. 1343 and 1344; not to exceed $10,000 for official reception and representation expenses; and for miscellaneous expenses, to be expended as the Chief Justice may approve, [$75,838,000]$76,668,000, of which [$2,000,000]$1,500,000shall remain available until expended. In addition, there are appropriated such sums as may be necessary under current law for salaries of the chief justice and associate justices of the court. Supreme Court of the United States - Care of the Building and Grounds For such expenditures as may be necessary to enable the Architect of the Capitol to carry out the duties imposed upon the Architect by 40 U.S.C. 6111 and 6112, [$9,964,000]$14,868,000, to remain available until expended. United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit For salaries of officers and employees, and for necessary expenses of the court, as authorized by law, [$30,872,000]$30,108,000.

In addition, there are appropriated such sunecessary under current law for the salariand judges of the court. United States Court of International TrFor salaries of officers and employees of and necessary expenses of the court, as au[$18,160,000]$18,462,000. 

In addition, there are appropriated such su

necessary under current law for the salariand judges of the court. Court of Appeals, District Courts and OServices - Salaries and Expenses 

For the salaries of judges of the United S

Claims, magistrate judges, and all other oof the Federal Judiciary not otherwise spenecessary expenses of the courts, and the repair, and cleaning of uniforms for ProbaServices Office staff, as authorized by law

$5,045,785,000 (including the purchase o

ammunition); of which not to exceed $27available until expended for space alteratifurniture and furnishings related to new spconstruction projects. 
60 

In addition, there are appropriated such sums as may be necessary under current law for the salaries of circuit and district judges (including judges of the territorial courts of the United States), bankruptcy judges, and justices and judges retired from office or from regular active service. In addition, for expenses of the United States Court of Federal Claims associated with processing cases under the National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act of 1986 (Public Law 99-660), not to exceed [$6,050,000]$6,260,000, to be appropriated from the Vaccine Injury Compensation Trust Fund. Court of Appeals, District Courts and Other Judicial Services – Defender Services For the operation of Federal Defender organizations; the compensation and reimbursement of expenses of attorneys appointed to represent persons under 18 U.S.C. 3006A and 3599, and for the compensation and reimbursement of expenses of persons furnishing investigative, expert, and other services for such representations as authorized by law; the compensation (in accordance with the maximums under 18 U.S.C. 3006A) and reimbursement of expenses of attorneys appointed to assist the court in criminal cases where the defendant has waived representation by counsel; the compensation and reimbursement of expenses of attorneys appointed to represent jurors in civil actions for the protection of their employment, as authorized by 28 U.S.C. 1875(d)(1); the compensation and reimbursement of expenses of attorneys appointed under 18 U.S.C. 983(b)(1) in connection with certain judicial civil forfeiture proceedings; the compensation and reimbursement of travel expenses of guardians ad litem appointed under 18 U.S.C. 4100(b); and for necessary training 

and general administrative expenses, [$1,$1,056,326,000, to remain available until Court of Appeals, District Courts and OServices – Fees of Jurors and CommissFor fees and expenses of jurors as authori1871 and 1876; compensation of jury comauthorized by 28 U.S.C. 1863; and compecommissioners appointed in condemnatio

rule 71.1(h) of the Federal Rules of Civil 

Appendix Rule 71.1(h)), [$44,199,000]$4available until expended: Provided, That land commissioners shall not exceed the d

highest rate payable under 5 U.S.C. 5332

Court of Appeals, District Courts and OServices – Court Security For necessary expenses, not otherwise pro

the provision of protective guard services 

courthouses and other facilities housing Foperations, and the procurement, installat

of security systems and equipment for Uncourthouses and other facilities housing F

operations, including building ingress-egrinspection of mail and packages, directed perimeter security, basic security services Federal Protective Service, and other simauthorized by section 1010 of the Judicial Access to Justice Act (Public Law 100-70[$538,196,000]$565,388,000, of which no

[$15,000,000]$20,000,000 shall remain a
61 

expended, to be expended directly or transferred to the United States Marshals Service, which shall be responsible for administering the Judicial Facility Security Program consistent with standards or guidelines agreed to by the Director of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts and the Attorney General. Explanation of Change The judiciary requests an increase in the amount of funds that shall remain available until expended each year from $15 million to $20 million. This requested change provides the judiciary with additional flexibility to carry forward savings to offset appropriations requirements in the annual account. The additional no-year authority will facilitate the financing of slipped security systems and equipment requirements due to potential delays in courthouse construction, or other exigencies beyond the judiciary’s control. Administrative Office of the United States Courts For necessary expenses of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts as authorized by law, including travel as 

authorized by 31 U.S.C. 1345, hire of a pvehicle as authorized by 31 U.S.C. 1343(brent in the District of Columbia and elsew

[$85,665,000]$87,748,000, of which not t

authorized for official reception and repre

Federal Judicial Center For necessary expenses of the Federal Judauthorized by Public Law 90-219, [$27,7

of which $1,800,000 shall remain availab[2017]2018, to provide education and trai

personnel; and of which not to exceed $1official reception and representation expeUnited States Sentencing Commission For the salaries and expenses necessary to provisions of chapter 58 of title 28, Unite[$17,570,000]$18,150,000, of which not tauthorized for official reception and repre
62 
63 

Title III Administrative Provisions – The Judiciary 

Sec. 301. Appropriations and authorizations made in this title which are available for salaries and expenses shall be available for services as authorized by 5 U.S.C. 3109. Sec. 302. Not to exceed 5 percent of any appropriation made available for the current fiscal year for the Judiciary in this Act may be transferred between such appropriations, but no such appropriation, except ‘‘Courts of Appeals, District Courts, and Other Judicial Services, Defender Services’’ and ‘‘Courts of Appeals, District Courts, and Other Judicial Services, Fees of Jurors and Commissioners’’, shall be increased by more than 10 percent by any such transfers: Provided, That any transfer pursuant to this section shall be treated as a reprogramming of funds under sections 604 and 608 of this Act and shall not be available for obligation or expenditure except in compliance with the procedures set forth in section 608. Sec. 303. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the salaries and expenses appropriation for ‘‘Courts of Appeals, District Courts, and Other Judicial Services’’ shall be available for official reception and representation expenses of the Judicial Conference of the United States: Provided, That such available funds shall not exceed $11,000 and shall be administered by the Director of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts in the capacity as Secretary of the Judicial Conference. Sec. 304. Section 3314(a) of title 40, United States Code, shall be applied by substituting ‘‘Federal’’ for ‘‘executive’’ each place it appears. 

Sec. 305. In accordance with 28 U.S.C. 5notwithstanding any other provision of laMarshals Service shall provide, for such cDirector may designate in consultation wi

Administrative Office of the United Stateof a pilot program, the security services th

authorizes the Department of Homeland Sexcept for the services specified in 40 U.SFor building-specific security services at Director of the Administrative Office of t

Courts shall reimburse the United States M

rather than the Department of Homeland 

Sec. 306. (a) Section 203(c) of the Judiciaof 1990 (Public Law 101–650; 28 U.S.C. amended in the second sentence (relating Kansas) following paragraph (12), by striand 6 months’’ and inserting ‘‘[25]26 yea

(b) Section 406 of the Transportat

Housing and Urban Development, the JudColumbia, and Independent Agencies Ap2006 (Public Law 109–115; 119 Stat. 247note) is amended in the second sentence (District of Missouri) by striking ‘‘[22]23 

and inserting ‘‘[23]24 years and 6 months

(c) Section 312(c)(2) of the 21st C

Justice Appropriations Authorization Act 273; 28 U.S.C. 133 note), is amended— 

(1) in the first sentence by stri

and inserting ‘‘[14]15 years’’; 
64 

(2) in the second sentence (relating to the central 

District of California), by striking ‘‘[12]13 years 

and 6 months’’ and inserting ‘‘[13]14 years and 6 

months’’; and 

(3) in the third sentence (relating to the western 

district of North Carolina), by striking ‘’[11]12

years’’ and inserting ‘‘[12]13 years’’. 

Explanation of Change This updates language to extend for 12 months the authorizations of nine temporary district judges that expire in FY 2016. [Sec. 307. Section 3602(a) of title 18, United States 

Code, is amended— 

(1) by inserting after the first sentence: ‘‘A person 

appointed as a probation officer in one district may serve in another district with the consent of the appointing court and the court in the other district.’’; and 

(2) by inserting in the last sentence ‘‘appointing’’ 

before ‘‘court may, for cause’’.] 

Explanation of Change It is proposed for deletion because that language is now permanent. Sec. 307. (a) Section 1871(b) of title 28, United States Code, is amended in paragraph (1) by striking “$40" and inserting “$50". (b) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendment made in subsection (a) shall take effect 45 days after the date of enactment of this Act. Explanation of Change This proposed new section increases the daily juror attendance fee by $10 (from $40 to $50) to compensate jurors more 

adequately for their services. Although inof living have increased each year, the jurincreased since December 1990. If inflatibeen applied since 1990, the current daily 2015, $33 above the current $40 rate. A hthat more closely tracks to inflation will hthe financial burden imposed by jury servthe approximately 40 percent of private sereceive no pay from their employers whiladdition, social science data suggest that hcompensation produces fewer jurors seekexcuses from service, which in turn incre

juror utilization and results in the empanerepresentative juries. 

Sec. 308. Section 3154(1) of title 18, Uniamended by inserting before the end of th", individuals described in section 3142(dor individuals who are already in federal, custody in connection with a previous conExplanation of Change This proposed new section is a cost savinwould amend section 3154(1) of title 18 tdiscretion to waive the preparation of a pr– and thereby conserve resources in probaservices offices – in cases where a defendchance of being granted pretrial release inbecause they are already serving a sentena previous conviction, or in cases where a country illegally and subject to an immigrdeportation upon disposition of their courincarceration. This title may be cited as the ‘‘Judiciary A[2016]2017’’. 
65 

Title VI General Provision 

Judicial Retirement FundsSec. [619]617. (a) There are appropriated for the following activities the amounts required under current law: 

(1) Compensation of the President (3 U.S.C. 102). (2) Payments to-- 

(A) the Judicial Officers' Retirement Fund (28 

U.S.C. 377(o)); 

(B) the Judicial Survivors' Annuities Fund (28 

U.S.C. 376(c)); and 

(C) the United States Court of Federal Claims 

Judges' Retirement Fund (28 U.S.C. 178(l)). (3) Payment of Government contributions-- 

(A) with respect to the health benefits of retired 

employees, as authorized by chapter 89 of title 5, United States Code, and the Retired Federal Employees Health Benefits Act (74 Stat. 849); and 

(B) with respect to the life insurance benefits for 

employees retiring after December 31, 1989 (5 U.S.C. ch. 87). (4) Payment to finance the unfunded liability of new 

and increased annuity benefits under the Civil Service Retirement and Disability Fund (5 U.S.C. 8348). 

(5) Payment of annuities authorized to be paid from 

the Civil Service Retirement and Disability Fund by statutory provisions other than subchapter III of chapter 83 or chapter 84 of title 5, United States Code. 

(b) Nothing in this section may be construed to exempt any 

amount appropriated by this section from any otherwise applicable limitation on the use of funds contained in this Act.

Explanation The highlighted section provides approprto the Judicial Officers' Retirement Fund, Survivors' Annuities Fund, and the United Federal Claims Judges' Retirement Fund. proposes to retain this language in Title VServices and General Government approp
66 
67 

Courthouse Construction 

Overview The federal courthouse construction program is jointly administered by the judiciary and GSA. The judiciary estcourthouse construction projects and sets the housing requirements for each project to ensure that completed faci

of the courts. GSA, as the holder of real property authority, secures the funding for courthouse construction and construction work on the facilities themselves. FY 2016/2017 Funding In FY 2016, Congress provided $948 million to GSA for the construction of courthouses on the judiciary’s CourPriorities (CPP) list, as approved by the Judicial Conference in September 2015. Consistent with congressional icourthouse construction funding will be used to fully fund eight projects: Nashville, TN; Toledo, OH; Charlotte, Greenville, SC; Anniston, AL; Savannah, GA; and San Antonio, TX. Partial funding will also be provided for Hjudiciary is coordinating with GSA on the preparation of a required spending plan, due to Congress in April 2016

the specific allocation of resources among projects. Each of these projects is in a different stage of development; some are ready for construction while others still redesign work or acquisition of a building site. In addition, all eight fully funded projects require congressional au

they can begin construction. The judiciary and GSA are in the process of refreshing cost estimates for each projedetailed project management plans, including schedules for design and construction. Projects will advance from as they are ready, which means that the order in which funded projects are constructed may not be the order in w

the CPP. The judiciary and GSA will keep Congress apprised of progress on the management and execution of tAt this time, the judiciary is focused on creating and executing an effective project management strategy for the F

funding and preparing for an update of the CPP that will reflect new priorities in light of the funding provided fo

on the current CPP. Any courthouse construction resources provided to GSA for FY 2017 will be applied to the on the new CPP, which will be considered by the Judicial Conference in September 2016. The updated CPP will 

Congress after its approval in September 2016. 
68 
69 

Capital Security Program 

Overview This presents the judiciary’s requirements and priorities for the Capital Security Program (CSP), which is funded 

Emphasis Program within the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Federal Buildings Fund. The CSP provi

address serious security deficiencies in existing courthouse buildings where physical renovations are viable in lie

new courthouse. 

Courthouse Project ($000)U.S. Post Office and Courthouse, Alexandria, Louisiana 8,000U.S. Courthouse, Paducah, Kentucky 18,000FY 2017 Appropriation Request 26,000

FY 2017 Request

FY 2017 Projects The Judiciary requests $26 million in FY 2017 for GSA to address security deficiencies at two existing courthouses through the CSP. This request is consistent with the funding requested for the CSP in the GSA portion of the FY 2017 President’s Budget. Funds are requested for the following locations1: 

________________ 1 All project cost estimates are subject to verification by GSA. In addition, the actual 

projects funded and the dollar amounts associated with each project may change depending on the amount appropriated for CSP and the most recent cost estimates available at the time of appropriation. 

1. U.S. Post Office and Courthouse, Ale

$8 million 

Security deficiencies at this courthouse coconstructing secured judges parking, a judreconfigured corridors to facilitate secure judges. The United States Marshals Servhave new space that includes an enclosed cells, a prisoner elevator, and reconfigurefacilitate secure prisoner transport. Fundiwas requested in FY 2016. Due to increaother projects, however, FY 2016 approprsufficient to complete the Alexandria projmillion). The FY 2017 request of $8 milliassociated construction costs. 
70 

2. U.S. Courthouse, Paducah, Kentucky: $18 million Security deficiencies at this courthouse could be addressed by providing secure circulation throughout the building. This would be done by reconfiguring existing space to provide separate secure corridors, a dedicated judges’ elevator, secured judges’ parking, a vehicle sally port for prisoner transport vehicles and a dedicated prisoner elevator. The FY 2017 request of $18 million will fund the associated design and construction costs.