T hi s di s pos i t i on i s notappr opr i a t e f orpubl i c a t i on and i s notpr e c e de nt * e xc e pta s pr ovi de d by 9th C i r . R . 36- 3. NOT F OR P UB L I CAT I ON UN I TE D STATE S C OU RT OF APPE ALS FOR T HE NI NTH CI RC UI T D A N I E L F O R R A N D , on be ha l f of hi m s e l f , a nd a l l othe r s s i m i l a r l y s i tua t e d; Y V E T T E G R E E N , on be ha l f of th e m s e lv e s a n d a ll o th e r s s im ila r ly s i tua t e d; E U G E N E C O L O N , on be ha l f of th e m s e lv e s a n d a ll o th e r s s im ila r ly s i tua t e d, P l ai n t i ffs - A p p el l an t s, a nd AR A K AR AMI AN , P l ai nt i ff

, v. F E DE R AL E XP R E S S C OR P OR AT I ON , D ef

endant- A pp el l ee . N o. 09- 55543 D . C . N o . 2 : 0 8 -cv -0 1 3 6 0 -D S F -P JW ME MOR AN DU M *

A pp ea l fr om the U ni t ed S t at es D i stri ctC ou rt f o rth e C e n tr a l D is tr ic t o f C a lif o rn ia D a l e S . F i s c he r , D i s tr i c tJ udge , P r e s i di ng A r gue d a nd S ubm i tt e d O c t obe r6, 2010 

# FI LED OC T 26 2010 M OLLY C. DW Y ER, CLERK U . S. C O U R T OF APPE ALSP a s a d e n a , C a lif o rn ia B efo re: H A L L , F IS H E R an d B Y B E E , C i rcu i tJu d g es. P l a i nt i f f s - A ppe l l a nt s D a ni e l F orr a nd, Y ve tt e G r e e n, a nd E uge ne C ol on appe a l the di s tr i c tc ourt ’ s de ni a l of the i rm ot i on f

orc l a s s c e rt i f

i c a t i on. B e c aus e the f a c t s a r e f a m i l i a rt o the pa rt i e s , w e w i l l notr e c i t e the m he r e . U pon c ons i de r a t i on of the l a w , a r gum e nt s , a nd r e c or d, w e a f f i rm i n pa rt , s t a y i n pa rt , r e ve r s e i n pa rt , a nd r e m a n d in p a rt. 1. P roper C lass R eprese ntat i ves W e r e v e r s e th e d is tr ic t c o u rt’s d e c is io n to th e e x te n t it e x c lu d e d Y v e tte G reen as a p ro p er cl ass rep resen t at i v e o n th e b asi s th atG reen h ad w o rk ed as a

“ h an d l er” an d “ co u ri ers/h an d l ers” are ex cl u d ed fro m th e p ro p o sed cl ass. B ecau se hand l erand cou ri er/hand l erar e the t i t l es of tw o d i sc re t e posi t i on s a tF eder al E x p r e s s C o rp o r a tio n ( “F e d E x ” ) , a s c o n c e d e d b y D e f e n d a n t- A p p e lle e in its b ri efi n g , th e d i stri ctco u rtcl earl y erred i n d et erm i n i n g G reen w as n o ta p ro p er cl ass r e p r e s e n ta tiv e f

o rth is r e a s o n . W e a f f i rm , how e ve r , the di s tr i c tc ourt ’ s de c i s i on a s t o the e xc l us i on of F o rran d an d C o l o n as cl ass rep resen t at i v es. T h e P l ai n t i ffs-A p p el l an t s d i d n o trai se the i s s ue of

F orr a nd’ s a nd C ol on’ s e xc l us i ons i n the i rope ni ng br i e f on appe a l , a nd w e do n otconcl ud e the di stri ctcourtabused i t s di sc re t i on i n fi nd i ng them i m prop er c la s s r e p r e s e n ta tiv e s . Se e E b e r le v . C ity o f A n a h e im , 9 0 1 F .2 d 8 1 4 , 8 1 7 - 1 8 ( 9 thC i r. 19 90 ). T here fore , the prop osed m ec hani c s ub cl as s i s w i tho uta proper

r e pr e s e nt a t i ve , a nd w e a f f i rm the di s tr i c tc ourt ’ s de ni a l of c e rt i f i c a t i on a s t o the p ro p o sed m ech an i c su b cl ass. 2 . T h e “Me a l

a n d R e s t B r e a k ” C la i ms T h e P la in tif

f s - A p p e lla n ts a r g u e d o n ap p e a l th a t th e d is tr ic t c o u rt ab u s e d its d iscr etio n in n o t stayin g th e c as e p en d in g th e C alifo rn ia S u p re m e C o u rt’s re sol ut i on of B r in ke rR e s ta u r a n t C o r p . v . Su p e r io rC o u r t, 80 C a l . R ptr . 3d 781 (C al . C t . A pp . 20 08 ). W e a gree thatthe re sol ut i on of B ri nkerm aydi ct at e w hat C a l i f orni al a w r e qui r e s e m pl oy e r s m us tdo t o c om pl y w i th C a l i f orni as t a t e l abor l a w s r e gul a t i ng e m pl oy e e m e a l a nd r e s tbr e a ks . T he r e f or e , w e now s t a y the r e s ol ut i on of

the i s s ue s r a i s e d by the P l a i nt i f f s - A ppe l l a nt s pot e nt i a l l y a f f e c t e d by B ri nker , n am el y th e P l ai n t i ffs-A p p el l an t s’ “ m eal an d restb reak ” cl ai m s. N otw i thst andi ng thi s part i al st ay , the di stri ctcourthas di sc re t i on t o p roce ed o n th e cl ai m s n o tp o t en t i al l y affected b y B ri nker . D uri ng oral ar gu m ent , the part i es agre ed the B ri nkercl ai m s w er e s ever abl e. 3 . T h e “P a y fo rA ll H

o u rs W o rke d ” C la im s W e rev erse an d rem an d th e d i stri ctco u rt ’ s d eci si o n as t o th e P l ai n t i ffsA p p e l l a n t s ’ mo t i o n f

o rc l a s s c e rt i f

i c a t i o n o f

th e i r“ p a y f

o ra l l h o u r s w o rk e d ” c l a i ms ( i.e ., th e o n - th e - c lo c k /o f f - s h if t is s u e ) . T h e d is tr ic t c o u rt’s d e c is io n f a ile d to a rt i c u l a t e a n d ap p l y th e p r o p e rs t a n d a r d f o rd e t e rmi n i n g w h e n e mp l o y e e t i mes h o u ld b e c o m p e n s a te d a s “h o u r s w o rk e d ” u n d e rC a lif o rn iala w . See R ut t iv. L oj ack C orp. , Inc. , 596 F . 3d 1046, 1061- 62 ( 9th C i r . 2010) ( s e pa r a t e opi ni on by S i l ve rm a n, J . ) . A s e nunc i a t e d i n R u tti , “ U nde rC a l i f orni al a w i ti s the l e ve l of the em pl oyer ’ s c on trol ov eri t s e m pl oyee s thati s det erm i nat i ve. ” I d. at10 62 (i nt ernal q u o ta tio n m a rk s r e m o v e d ) ; s e e al s o Mor i l l i on v . R oy al

P ac ki ng C o. , 2 2 C a l. 4 th 57 5, 57 8 (20 00 ) ( i nt erpret i ng D L S E ’ s “ ho urs w orked” defi ni t i on and h ol di ng that e m pl oy e e c a n be unde ra n e m pl oy e r ’ s c ontr ol e ve n w he n the e m pl oy e e i s not “s u f f e r e d o rp e rm itte d to w o rk ” ) ; B ono E nte rs . , I nc . v . B r ads haw , 3 2 C a l. A p p . 4 th 968, 975 ( 1995) ( de t e rm i ni ng tha t“ [ w ] he n a n e m pl oy e rdi r e c t s , c om m a nds or r e s tr a i ns a n e m pl oy e e f

r om l e a vi ng the w ork pl a c e dur i ng hi s orhe rl unc h houra nd th u s p r e v e n t s th e e m p l o y e e f r o m u s i n g th e t i m e e f

f e c t i v e l y f o rh i s o rh e ro wn p u rp o s e s , th a t e m p lo y e e r e m a in s s u b je c t to th e e m p lo y e r ’s c o n tr o l” ) , disapp rove d on othe rgr ounds by T

i de w ate rM

ar i ne W . , I nc . v . B r ads haw , 14 C a l . 4th 557 (199 6). U pon r e m a nd, the di s tr i c tc ourtm us tappl y thi s s t a nda r d t o de t e rm i ne w hether the l evel of F edE x’ s c on trol ov erem pl oyee s w i thi n the prop osed general cl as s w hen they are on -the-c l ock b utoff- shi fti s s uffi ci entt o render the on -thec l o c kb u to f

f - s h i f tt i m e c o m p e n s ab l e u n d e rC a l i f o rn i al a w.4. T

he F ost er D a ta Insofa r a s the di stri ctcourt ’ s dec i si on re l i ed up on the court ’ s c on cl usi on that th e P la in tif

f s - A p p e lla n ts ’ c a s e is “f

u n d a m e n ta l[ ly ] f

la w [ e d ]” b e c au s e th e ir a r g u m e n ts “r e l[ ie d ]” o n d a ta“c o m p o s e d o f r e c o r d s g iv in g in f

o rm a tio n ab o u t” s h if ts w o rk e d b ye m p lo y e e s e x c lu d e d f r o m th e p r o p o s e d g e n e r a l c la s s , Forrandv. Fe d. E x pr e s s C or

p. , N o. C V 08- 1360, 2009 W L 648966, a t*4 n. 7 ( C . D . C a l . F e b. 1 8 , 2 0 0 9 ) ( in te rn a l q u o ta tio n m a rk s o m itte d ) , w e r e v e r s e th e d e c is io n . A lth o u g h it i s uncl ear f

rom the di stri ctcourt ’ s s t at em entw hatshi ftdat a the di stri ctcourtw as re fe rr i ng t o, i tappears fr om the P l ai nt i ff s- A pp el l ant s’ re pl y bri ef thatthe di stri ct c ourtbe l i e ve d the P l a i nt i f f s - A ppe l l a nt s ha d pr opos e d the da m a ge s be c a l c ul a t e d by usi ng the dat a c om pi l ed for Fo s te rv . Fe d Ex , B C 282300 ( L . A . S up. C t . N ov. 30, 2006) , apr e vi ous c l a s s a c t i on c a s e i nvol vi ng oc c upa t i ons e xc l ude d f r om the pr e s e nts ui t . W e c r e di tthe P l a i nt i f f s - A ppe l l a nt s ’ a r gum e nttha tthe e xi s t e nc e of the Fosterda t ai s r e l e va ntm e r e l y be c aus e i ti s e vi de nc e tha tF e dE x ha s a c c e s s t o the k in d o f d a taa t is s u e in th is c a s e . R e p ly B r . 1 3 . I n lig h t o f

th is c la r if

ic a tio n , th e d is tr ic t c o u rt’s c o n c lu s io n th a t F e d E x w o u ld be re qu i re d t o u se the Fosterdat a t o cal cul at e the dam ages i n thi s c as e w as m i st aken. A cc ordi ng l y, the di stri ctcourterre d i n rel yi ng up on thi s m i st aken c onc l us i on t o de ny c l a s s c e rt i f i c a t i on.A F F I R M E D in p a rt, S T A Y E D in p a rt, R E V E R S E D in p a rt, R E M A N D E D in

p a rt. T h e p a rtie s s h a ll b e a rth e iro w n c o s ts o n ap p e a l.