JUDICIARY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY FUND 

GENERAL STATEMENT AND INFORMATION 

The Judiciary Information Technology Fund (JITF) was established by Congress in fiscal year (FY) 1990 (28 U.the judiciary in implementing its information technology (IT) initiatives. The authority of the JITF was extended FY 1998 Commerce, Justice, State, Judiciary, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act (P.L. 105-119). The JIT“without fiscal year limitation” for the procurement of information technology resources. The fund makes it posIT program over a multi-year planning cycle, which allows more effective and efficient planning, budgeting, and activities. In keeping with the judiciary’s mission and primary business objectives, the IT program must identify, implemeneffective solutions for the judiciary, bar, and the public. All IT expenses for the appellate, district, and bankruptc

probation and pretrial services offices must be paid from the JITF. Requirements are financed via the JITF from a variety of sources: 

 deposits from the Salaries and Expenses account;

 fee collections from the Electronic Public Access program for IT expenses that improve public access to info

Appendix 2, Electronic Public Access for more information on this program);

 unobligated balances in the fund from prior year financial plan savings (unencumbered);

 proceeds from the sale of excess equipment;

 annual allotments to the courts originally for non-IT purposes that are reprogrammed locally by the courts for 

accordance with the judiciary’s budget decentralization program; and

 deposits from other judiciary appropriations that are non-mandatory judiciary users of the fund (such as the C

the Federal Circuit, the Court of International Trade, the U.S. Sentencing Commission, Court Security, the Feand the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts).

The majority of the financing in the JITF originates from deposits from the Salaries and Expenses account. Tabl

following page displays JITF requirements and funding sources for FY 2018 through the FY 2020 request. 
 

Table 11.1 Judiciary Information Technology Fund Obligations and Financing ($000) 

FY 2018 Actual

 FY 2019 Assumed

Obligations 

Obligations:

Salaries & Expenses Requirements (with carryforward) 515,712 583,4EPA Program 114,462 138,4Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts 2,668 3,7Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit 444 1,4Court of International Trade 930 9Court Security 136 Federal Judicial Center 301 4U.S. Sentencing Commission 0 1,6TOTAL JITF 634,653 730,1Financing:Salaries and ExpensesUnobligated Balance, Start of Year 80,472 125,8New Deposits and Prior Year Recoveries 561,099 477,5Unobligated Balance, End of Year -125,859 -20,0Total Salaries & Expenses 515,712 583,4EPA ProgramUnobligated Balance, Start of Year 58,126 71,6Estimated Receipts and Prior Year Recoveries 151,841 147,7Unobligated Balance, End of Year 1/ -71,647 -80,9Total EPA Program 114,462 138,4Administrative Office of the U.S. CourtsUnobligated Balance, Start of Year 2,664 3,4New Deposits and Prior Year Recoveries 3,460 3Unobligated Balance, End of Year -3,456 Total Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts 2,668 3,7
 

1 The FY 2018 Electronic Public Access Unobligated Balance, End of Year do not include $23.8 million in encumbered carryforward (slippage) into FY 2019. 

FY 2018 Actual

 FY 2019 Assumed

Obligations 

Court of Appeals for the Federal CircuitUnobligated Balance, Start of Year 4,586 5,3New Deposits and Prior Year Recoveries 1,142 Utilization of EPA Receipts 66 Unobligated Balance, End of Year -5,350 -3,9Total Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit 444 1,4Court of International TradeUnobligated Balance, Start of Year 1,050 1,3New Deposits and Prior Year Recoveries 1228 Utilization of EPA Receipts 31 Unobligated Balance, End of Year -1,379 -4Total Court of International Trade 930 9Court SecurityUnobligated Balance, Start of Year 185 New Deposits and Prior Year Recoveries 0 Unobligated Balance, End of Year -49 Total Court Security 136 Federal Judicial CenterUnobligated Balance, Start of Year 302 4New Deposits and Prior Year Recoveries 430 Unobligated Balance, End of Year -431 Total Federal Judicial Center 301 4U.S. Sentencing CommissionUnobligated Balance, Start of Year 1,499 1,6New Deposits and Prior Year Recoveries 170 Unobligated Balance, End of Year -1,669 Total U.S. Sentencing Commission 0 1,6GRAND TOTAL JITF $634,653 $730,13
 

PROGRAMS FUNDED FROM THE SALARIES AND EXPENSES ACCOUNT 

Under the guidance of the Judicial Conference of the United States and according to the strategic directions and oin the Long-Range Plan for Information Technology in the Federal Judiciary, the judiciary continues to implemethe mission of the courts. The judiciary, like the rest of the public sector, depends on technology for communicaresearch, and information management systems to fulfill mission-critical needs. The judiciary has a successful enterprise-wide IT program upon which judges, court staff, probation/pretrial servothers depend to conduct their mission-critical functions. This program includes a vital communications infrastrall court units securely and is the lifeline for information transfer, applications that ensure the judiciary manages effectively, and various court support projects and case management systems that provide judges and staff the tooperform their day-to-day work. Judges and chambers staff rely on computer equipment, software, and complex data communication networks thraccess electronic case management systems, e-mail, legal research databases, and numerous websites and applicacourtrooms are equipped with technologies that improve the quality and efficiency of courtroom proceedings thrtime and improved fact-finding. A number of opportunities exist to provide tools to help judges do their work mareas ranging from text-search capability across pleadings, opinions, and court records to the more timely receipt information through seamless transmission of data from one court type to another. The judiciary continues to develop critical improvements to court support systems, including the financial managprobation case management system, and court case management systems. Staff formerly engaged in routine taskto telephone inquiries for basic information and docketing, are now supporting other vital court functions or absoworkloads. Cybersecurity Cybersecurity continues to be one of the judiciary’s top administrative priorities. The daily challenge of protectijudiciary assets against cyberattacks is an arduous and continuous endeavor. Fortunately, there have been no knosecurity breaches to judiciary systems, as judiciary IT personnel successfully counter a wide range of threats pos
 

computer viruses, and other malicious acts. However, to meet expanding security requirements, significant cybebeen necessary, and will continue to be needed in FY 2020 and in future fiscal years. The importance of cyberseevident in the number of cyber attacks on the judiciary– more than 50 million from January to September 2018. The judiciary’s cybersecurity program incorporates multiple layers of security defenses placed throughout its IT judiciary employs perimeter defenses, such as firewalls (both network and web application), host and network-badetection and prevention systems, internet proxies for web-based threat protection, and a Judiciary Automated SyResponse Capability (JASIRC), managed at the national level. Security devices are monitored 24 hours a day, sewith event logs aggregated and reviewed for evidence of malicious activity. The judiciary’s security program disecurity newsletter throughout the judiciary to promote security best practices, such as awareness of newly availaemerging threats. In addition, independent third parties perform periodic vulnerability assessments of judiciary npublic-facing IT assets prior to deployment. The Judicial Conference requires all judiciary organizations to conduct annual security awareness training and mhealth of their local area networks. At the local court level, organizations are provided enterprise licensed securiendpoint protection, web-based threat protection, and vulnerability scanning. Moreover, court units completed a their IT security. These assessments provide extensive data to allow the judiciary to analyze its IT security postunecessary improvements. Cybersecurity activities and the employment of security-related assets are integral to the many IT systems, netwothe judiciary. For FY 2020, the judiciary is requesting $68.8 million in Salaries and Expenses funding for cybersrepresents a slight decrease of $1.7 million below the FY 2019 level of $70.5 million. These cybersecurity costs presented in table 11.2 on page 11.6 to provide a clear view of the judiciary’s financial commitment to cybersecucybersecurity funds can be found in the budget accounts for the national courts, Defender Services, and Court SeCybersecurity accounts for nearly 13 percent of the total FY 2020 JITF requirements within the Salaries and ExpCybersecurity resources are interspersed throughout the various IT program components and are a subset of the tincluded in the program components shown in table 11.3 on page 11.9. 
 

Table 11.2 Salaries and Expenses JITF Cybersecurity Requirements 

IT Program Component ($000) 

FY 2019 Planned 

 Cybersecurity 

Requirements 

FY 2020 

Requested 

Cybersecurity 

Requirements 

Increase/(Decrease) 

From FY 2019 

Judicial Statistics & Reporting Systems 645 0 (645) Administrative & Management Systems 2,645 2,038 (607) Telecommunications Program 26,486 28,939 2,453 Infrastructure & Collaboration Tools 40,519 36,843 (3,676) Court Administration & Case Management 180 987 807 TOTAL, S&E JITF Cybersecurity 70,475 68,807 (1,668) 

The FY 2020 S&E JITF cybersecurity request includes adjustments as follows: 

 $0.6 million decrease in each of the Judicial Statistics & Reporting Systems component and Administrati

Systems component for decreased contractor assistance for cybersecurity management and control. Certafunctions will be performed by government employees whose salaries are not funded by these component

 $2.5 million increase in the Telecommunications program for increased log management operations at the  $3.7 million decrease in the Infrastructure and Collaboration Tools program component which in part inc

the conversion of cybersecurity contractor positions to government employee positions which are not funcomponent. 

 $0.8 million increase in Court Administration and Case Management associated with cyber-related opera

of the legacy Probation and Pretrial Services Automated Tracking System (PACTS). 
 

Additionally, in FY 2020, the judiciary also plans to use $13.0 million of Electronic Public Access receipts (comin FY 2019) for cybersecurity activities associated with security assets and operations that protect the Case ManaCase Files system and Public Access to Court Electronic Records network (resulting in a total FY 2020 court cybapproximately $81.8 million. (This spending is discussed in Appendix 2 – Electronic Public Access) Electronic Public Access Requirements Shift to Salaries and Expenses In National Veterans Legal Services Program et al. v. United States, the U.S. District Court for the District of Co

review the judiciary’s use of Electronic Public Access fees under the E-Government Act of 2002. In a March 20

found that the vast majority of the judiciary’s Electronic Public Access expenditures were appropriate and consisGovernment Act and other statutes. At the same time, the court ruled that the use of Electronic Public Access fe

ancillary services were impermissible because they lacked a sufficient nexus to public access. The Department oappeal on the judiciary’s behalf, challenging the ruling, and the appeal is pending with the Court of Appeals for tTo prevent potential future exposure as the appeal moves forward, costs associated with the three areas deemed i

court’s ruling (courtroom technology – including costs associated with new courthouse construction projects, eJuCrime Control Act Notification) were provisionally shifted from Electronic Public Access receipts to the Salaries 

appropriation in the judiciary’s FY 2019 budget re-estimate and FY 2020 budget request. FY 2020 JITF requiremapproximately $30 million associated with these formerly Electronic Public Access-funded activities. Consistenpractice, the judiciary will continue to use Electronic Public Access funds for the Case Management/Electronic Csystem and Electronic Bankruptcy Noticing among other appropriate expenses. Technology Associated with New Courthouse Construction The Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2016 provided $948 million in funding to the General Services Adminisfull construction of eight courthouse projects and partial funding for a ninth project. The 2016 legislation also infor GSA for new construction and acquisition of federal buildings that jointly house U.S. courthouses and other fGreenville, Mississippi, and Rutland, Vermont. Additionally, Congress funded three new courthouse projects (HHuntsville, AL; and Ft. Lauderdale, FL) in FY 2018. Although GSA is paying for the construction of these cour
 

judiciary is responsible for funding a number of ancillary infrastructure costs, including furniture, moving expencourtroom technologies or local-area networks and associated communications infrastructure. The FY 2020 JITF requirements include $5.9 million for the costs of providing local-area networks, communicatand, as noted above, courtroom technology (previously funded by the Electronic Public Access program) to new included in the 2016 legislation. Costs associated with the courthouses funded in FY 2018 are still under develop$5.9 million in FY 2020 requirements reflects a decrease of $0.4 million from FY 2019 requirements of $6.3 milJudiciary Information Technology Fund Program RequirementsThe FY 2020 request reflects a necessary growth in requirements for the ongoing demands of maintaining complcommunications networks, operating systems, and effective and secure applications. The judiciary has taken an maintaining and upgrading critical court support systems that provide financial reporting, personnel and payroll mstatistical reporting, and case management; which is evident by this request. Additionally, funding is being requeincreases for replacement of the judiciary’s financial disclosure system and upgrading the payroll projection systtable 11.3 on page 11.9 funding for the Salaries and Expenses JITF obligations supports seven program compone
 

Table 11.3 Salaries and Expenses Obligations – Judiciary Information Technology Fund Program R

($000)

IT Program Component

FY 2019

Projected 

Obligations

FY 2018

Slipped

Requirements

FY 2019

Base

Requirements

(Col A - Col B)

Change:

FY 2019

Adj. Base

Requirements

to FY 2020

Current

Services

Requirements

FY 202

Progra

Increas

Judicial Statistics & Reporting Systems 17,442 1,298 16,144 1,635 Administrative & Management Systems 93,969 25,400 68,569 1,852 Telecommunications Program 86,020 7,081 78,939 16,387 Infrastructure and Collaboration Tools 171,911 34,884 137,027 17,155 Court IT Allotments 106,427 0 106,427 -6,607 Court Administration & Case Management 48,619 12,235 36,384 -1,784 Court Support Reimbursable Program 59,023 0 59,023 2,228 TOTAL, S&E JITF 583,411 80,898 502,513 30,866 
 

The following sections present FY 2020 requirements for the JITF and discuss significant non-inflationary increases, and, where applicable, decreases between the FY 2020 requirements and the FY 2019 base requirements. 

Judicial Statistical & Reporting Systems

FY 2020 Requirements: $17,779,000 Adjustments to Base from Fiscal Year 2019: $1,635,000 This category includes systems to support gathering and reporting statistics in the judiciary; data analysis and management reporting across judiciary-wide data sources; and planning and decision-making with staffing, financial, and workload data. The increase in this area will support expanding the management and reporting capabilities of the Enterprise Data Warehouse (EDW) and maintaining operations of the probation and pretrial statistical system. The EDW is a repository of data from multiple systems, and it enables efficient and accurate access to data for the timely preparation of standard and exception reporting. 

Administrative & Management Systems

FY 2020 Requirements: $74,929,000 Adjustments to Base from Fiscal Year 2019: $1,853,000 Program Increase: $4,507,000

This program includes the judiciary’s finamanagement systems, as well as systems manage facilities projects, travel expensesites. The FY 2020 request will fund increased maintaining the judiciary’s financial systeupgrade ($1.5 million) and mobile platformillion). Also, the request includes a promillion to replace the judiciary’s financia($2.8 million) and upgrade the payroll promillion). (For more information on these increases, see the Salaries and Expenses c4.47). 

Telecommunications Pro

FY 2020 Requirements: Adjustments to Base from Fiscal Year Program Decrease: This program involves support for voice aservices and telecommunications. The jucommunications program enables the judcommunications services for the appellatebankruptcy courts and for probation and poffices, as well as to procure communicatnew courthouses and for courthouses undand alteration. A significant portion of th
 

through the employment of the government-wide Enterprise Infrastructure Solutions contract (EIS). Included in the $95.7 million request are increases of $11.4 million to upgrade and replace components of the data communications infrastructure, strengthen application security, and implement network penetration testing and a centralized log management tool; and $5.4 million for increased cybersecurity activities to monitor network operations and firewalls. The $0.4 million decrease is associated with lower requirements in FY 2020 for the courthouse construction projects. 

Infrastructure & Collaboration Tools 

FY 2020 Requirements: $153,383,000 Adjustments to Base from FY2019: $17,156,000 This category encompasses building and maintaining a robust, reliable and resilient judiciary-wide IT infrastructure. Included are the costs of hardware, software, security associated with the judiciary’s full enterprise hosting and cloud computing services, and e-mail and collaboration systems. This budget area also includes the costs of infrastructure for new courthouse construction projects and IT systems support, maintenance, testing, and research. The increase of $17.2 million in FY 2020 is associated with funding to expand ongoing IT projects and services ($5.8 million); continue expanding of hosting services to additional 

court units ($4.3 million); supporting the replacement e-mail system ($3.3 million)the judiciary cloud to incorporate commemillion); and the expansion of an enterpri($1.4 million). 

Court IT Allotment

FY 2020 Requirements: Adjustments to Base from FY2019: These allotted funds cover costs paid direoperating, maintaining, and replacing comlocal-area-network equipment, and softwathis category are costs for local telecommequipment, maintenance and courtroom teThe decrease is due to a reduction to the rtechnology of $8.4 million, partially offseincrease in court allotments for day-to-da

Court Administration & Case M

FY 2020 Requirements: Adjustments to Base from FY2019: This category contains a variety of tools, probation and pretrial services case mana(PACTS), tools to access critical case infoenforcement databases; systems for juror 
 

management, and payment; tools for jury participants to communicate with the courts; as well as the system that captures requests for payments to private court-appointed counsel and expert service providers. The net decrease of $1.8 million results from a decrease of $13.4 million for the replacement probation and pretrial services case management system for FY 2020. This decrease is partially offset by a net $11.6 million increase to provide national support for a Bankruptcy Case Accounting System ($2.2 million); to implement security mitigation requirements, architectural changes, and software modifications for the electronic voucher processing system ($1.1 million); and to maintain operations for several systems and tools ($8.3 million). Regarding PACTS, as explained in the Salaries and Expenses chapter (see pages 4.22-4.23), the judiciary is engaged in a stabilization and replacement process. For the replacement portion of this process, a total of $24.5 million was included in the judiciary’s FY 2017 and FY 2019 budget requests. Recently, an independent government cost evaluation of the PACTS system was completed, which indicates the PACTS replacement effort is expected to exceed the original estimates. The AO is working to develop a multi-year funding strategy for any increased costs. 

Court Support Reimbursable 

FY 2020 Requirements: Adjustments to Base from Fiscal Year This category funds Administrative Officprovide IT development, management, anservices to the courts. These services incplanning guidance; architecture and infrassecurity services; development, testing, annational IT applications; IT training; and and IT support services on behalf of the cThe FY 2020 budget request for the court program includes $61.3 million for the sarelated expenses of AO staff that are reimSalaries and Expenses account. The $2.2 FY 2020 results from reimbursements for benefits costs including salary progressioIndex (ECI), locality pay adjustments, anchanges. 
 

PROGRAMS FUNDED FROM DEPOSITS FROM OTHER JUDICIARY ACCOUNTS Occasionally, organizations within the judiciary that are not mandatory users of the JITF may deposit funds to assist them in managing their IT efforts. In recent years, the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, the Court of International Trade, the AO, Federal Judicial Center, the U.S. Sentencing Commission, and the Court Security Office have made such deposits.

Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit (CAFC) 

At the beginning of FY 2020, the court estimates that $3,947,000 of its funds will remain in the JITF. This amount will be supplemented by an additional $50,000 from FY 2020 Electronic Public Access receipts to total $3,997,000. The court anticipates obligating $370,000 from the JITF in FY 2020. This figure reflects all required cyclical replacements and other automation needs based on the current understanding of financial obligations the Court will incur to maintain the Federal Circuit’s connectivity to national judiciary IT programs. Funds will be used to perform the required cyclical replacements of laptops, printers, multifunction units, scanners, tablets, and smart phones. The Court will also procure miscellaneous automation supplies, such as cabling and essential software and cloud services, along with their related maintenance and security. Funds will be used to procure supplemental contractor Subject Matter Experts to assist IT 

staff with various IT projects and initiativCloud services, Security and SharePoint. 

Court of International Trad

At the beginning of FY 2019, $1,411,000 carry forward balances from the JITF, incElectronic Public Access receipts. Of this planning to use $979,000 during FY 2019 

 continue the contract with IT secu

enhance the Court’s cybersecurity 

 upgrade the Court’s primary core  upgrade software maintenance and 

software applications for major reMicrosoft and Linux; 

 continue to maintain and support v

system, digital recording system, dvoice connections, Virtual Private (VPN), Voice Over Internet ProtoJudiciary Data Communications N

 purchase computer desktop system

tablets, and printers, according to cyclical replacement program. 

At the beginning of FY 2020, the Court a$432,000 will be available in carry forwaJITF, supplemented by $32,000 of Electroreceipts. These funds will be used to con
 

initiatives as described above and to support the short term and long-term information technology needs. 

Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts (AO) 

At the beginning of FY 2019, the AO had $3,456,000 available in the JITF from deposits that were made in previous fiscal years. In FY 2019, the AO intends to obligate the entire amount to replace AO personal computers, laptops, printers, and related equipment pursuant to an approximate four-year replacement cycle, as well as copiers, video conference equipment, and software as required. The FY 2019 plan does not anticipate any end-of-year balance to be carried forward into FY 2020. 

Federal Judicial Center (FJC) 

At the beginning of FY 2019, the FJC had $431,000 available in the JITF from deposits that were made in previous fiscal years. A total of $431,000 is planned for obligation in FY 2019. These funds will provide for the estimated costs associated with IT infrastructure, contract services to support maintenance of IT systems, and planned life-cycle replacement of various office automation and technology equipment. The FJC does not expect any end-of-year JITF balances to carry over into FY 2020. 

U.S. Sentencing Commission 

At the beginning of FY 2019, the Sentencing Commission had $1,669,000 available in the JITF from deposits that were made 

in previous fiscal years. A total of $1,669obligation in FY 2019. Besides supportincyber security, these funds will aid improautomation, including database enhancemmaintenance, data extraction, data warehorecords management. The FY 2019 plan any end-of-year balance to be carried forw

Court Security 

At the beginning of FY 2019, $49,000 waCourt Security account for the Facility Acproject. The FAC project is the judiciaryHomeland Security Presidential Directivewhich developed standards for a secure anidentification (also known as “smart cardgovernment employees and contractors. Tof the FAC project was completed in FY a sustainment phase in FY 2019. No JITF requested for this or any other Court Secu2020.