T hi s di s pos i t i on i s notappr opr i a t e f orpubl i c a t i on and i s notpr e c e de nt * e xc e pta s pr ovi de d by N i nth C i r c ui tR ul e 36- 3. ** T he pa ne l una ni m ous l y f i nds thi s c a s e s ui t abl e f

orde c i s i on w i thout o r a l a r g u m e n t. See F ed R . A pp . P . 34 (a )( 2).

T he H on orabl e W i l l i am T . H art , D i stri ctJudg e f or the N orthern *** D i s tr i c tof

I l l i noi s , s i tt i ng by de s i gna t i on.

NOT F OR P UB L I CAT I ON UN I TE D STATE S C OU RT OF APPE ALS FOR T HE NI NTH CI RC UI T ME R I NA S E R E R AV OU VO U, P et i t i on er , v. E R I C H . H O L D E R J r ., A tto rn e y G e n e r a l, R e s p o n d e n t. N o. 09- 71513 A ge nc y N o. A 078- 674- 067 ME MOR AN DU M *

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the B o a r d o f I m m ig r a tio n A p p e a ls S ubm i tt e d J ul y 16, 2010** S e a tt l e , W a s hi ngt on B ef ore: R Y M E R and N . R . S M IT H , C i rc ui tJudg es , and H A R T , D i stri ctJudg e. *** M e r i N a s e r e R a vouvou, ana t i ve a nd c i t i z e n of F i j i , t i m e l y pe t i t i ons f

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I m m ig r a tio n A p p e a ls ( " B I A " ) . H e rr e q u e s ts



# FI LED JU L 22 2010 M OLLY C. DW Y ER, CLERK U . S. C O U R T OF APPE ALS2

f ora s y l um , the w i thhol di ng of r e m ova l , a nd pr ot e c t i on unde rthe C onve nt i on A gai nstT orture ( "C A T ") w er e deni ed. T he fa ctual fi nd i ng s of the agency are r e vi e w e d f

ors ubs t a nt i a l e vi de nc e , a nd thos e f i ndi ngs m us tbe uphe l d " unl e s s the reco rd co m p el s a co n trary resu l t . " E neh v. H older , 60 1 F . 3d 94 3, 94 6 (9th C i r. 2010) . B e c aus e the B I A ' s de c i s i on i s s upport e d by s ubs t a nt i a l e vi de nc e , w e de ny the pe t i t i on. T o s how e l i gi bi l i ty f

ora s y l um , pe t i t i one rbe a r s the bur de n of e s t abl i s hi ng e i the rpa s tpe r s e c ut i on ortha ts he both s ubj e c t i ve l y f e a r s f utur e pe r s e c ut i on a nd th e r e i s a n o b

j e c t i v e l y r e a s o n ab l e p o s s i b i l i ty o f f u tu r e p e r s e c u t i o n . 8 C. F. R. § 1 2 0 8 .1 3 ( a ) - ( b ) ; H

al i m v. H older , 5 9 0 F .3 d 9 7 1 , 9 7 5 - 7 6 ( 9 th C ir . 2 0 0 9 ) ; L iv. H older , 559 F . 3d 1096, 1102 ( 9th C i r . 2009) . P e t i t i one rdoe s notc ont e nd tha ts he can est abl i sh pastpers ec ut i on and res po nd entdo es no tqu es t i on thatpet i t i on erhas es t abl i shed a s ubj ec t i ve fe ar . T he i ss ue as t o asy l um i s w hether pet i t i on erhas s a tis f ie d th e o b

je c tiv e r e q u ir e m e n t. T o est ab l i sh a w el l -fo u n d ed fear o f p ro secu t i o n , p et i t i o n er m u stest ab l i sh e i the r( a ) " apa tt e rn orpr a c t i c e of pe r s e c ut i on of

pe opl e s i m i l a r l y s i tua t e d" or ( b) s how tha ts he i s am e m be rof a" di s f a vor e d gr oup" a nd tha ts he i s l i ke l y t o be ta r g e te d . H

a lim , 590 F . 3d a t977. U nde re i the rappr oa c h, pr oof of m i s tr e a tm e ntof a group t o w hi ch pet i t i on erbel on gs m ustbe show n and the l att erapproach requi re sT h e r e is n o t m e r it to R a v o u v o u 's c la im th a t th e im m ig r a tio n ju d g e f a ile d to 1 an al yze su ffi ci en t l y h er u n i q u e an d p art i cu l ar ci rcu m st an ces. 3 s o m e p r o o f

o f in d iv id u a l r is k . I

d. a t977- 78. T he r e c or d he r e doe s notc om pe l the c onc l us i on tha t( a ) R a vouvou' s m othe r ' s c ous i n s uf f e r e d tr e a tm e nttha tr e a c he d the le v e l o f p e r s e c u tio n , c

f. N do m v . A s h c r o

ft , 384 F . 3d 743, 752 ( 9th C i r . 2004) , nor thatany of herre l at i ves w er e m i stre at ed because of bei ng re l at ed t o the cousi n; that (b) s up po rt er s of the F i

j i L abou r P arty and / or F i j i an A ss oci at i on P arty have been pe r s e c ut e d by the c urr e ntr e gi m e ; ortha t( c ) e m pl oy e e s of the pol i c e de pa rtm e nt a r e pe r s e c ut e d by the c urr e ntr e gi m e . L i ke w i s e , s ubs t a nt i a l e vi de nc e s upport s the f i ndi ng tha tpe t i t i one rf

a i l e d t o de m ons tr a t e the pa tt e rn orpr a c t i c e of d is c r im in a tio n th a t s h e c la im s . A c c o r d in g ly , h e ra s y lu m c la im f a ils .. S i nc e pe t i t i one rc a nnote s t abl i s h e l i gi bi l i ty f ora s y l um , he rw i thhol di ng of r e m o v a l c la im m u s t a ls o f a il. B arri os v. H

older , 58 1 F . 3d 84 9, 85 4 (9th C i r. 20 09 ). P e t i t i one r ' s C A T c l a i m a l s o f a i l s . T he r e c or d doe s notc om pe l the c o n c lu s io n th a t it is " m o r e lik e ly th a n n o t" th a t R a v o u v o u w o u ld b e to rtu r e d if r e tu rn e d to F iji. Sh restha v. H older , 59 0 F . 3d 10 34 , 10 48 (9th C i r. 20 10 ). 1 A l l othe rpe ndi ng m ot i ons a r e de ni e d a s m oot . T he t e m por a ry s t a y of r e m ova l c onf

i rm e d by N i nth C i r c ui tG e ne r a l O r de r6. 4( c ) a nd the t ol l i ng of the4

v o lu n ta ry d e p a rtu r e p e r io d s h a ll c o n tin u e in e f f e c t u n til is s u a n c e o f

th e m a n d a te . G a r c ia v . A s h c r o

ft , 3 6 8 F .3 d 1 1 5 7 , 1 1 5 9 ( 9 th C ir . 2 0 0 4 ) ; D e s ta v . A s h c r o ft , 36 5 F . 3d 74 1, 75 0 (9th C i r. 20 04 ).

DE NI E D.