1

Filed 8/27/15 P. v. Samuels CA3

NOT TO BE PUBLISHED

California Rules of Court, rule 8.1115(a), prohibits courts and parties from citing or relying on opinions not certified for 

publication or ordered published, except as specified by rule 8.1115(b). This opinion has not been certified for publication 

or ordered published for purposes of rule 8.1115.

IN THE COURT OF APPEAL OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA

THIRD APPELLATE DISTRICT

(San Joaquin)

----

THE PEOPLE,

Plaintiff and Respondent,

v.

MERRILL EUGENE SAMUELS,

Defendant and Appellant.

C076902

(Super. Ct. No. SF110947A)

Defendant Merrill Eugene Samuels challenges the trial court’s order committing 

him to Patton State Hospital (Patton) for a maximum of three years with credit for 357 

days served. The People agree that defendant was entitled to additional credit for time 

already spent at Patton. The People calculate defendant’s credit at 581 days served at the 

time of the order at issue, a calculation with which we agree. We will modify the 

commitment order.
2

BACKGROUND1

Defendant was charged with five counts of lewd and lascivious acts on a child 

under the age of 14 (Pen. Code, § 288, subd. (a))2 and two counts of oral copulation with 

a child 10 years old or younger (§ 288.7, subd. (b)). The trial court found defendant 

incompetent to stand trial and committed him to a state hospital for the maximum term of 

three years pursuant to section 1370. Defendant was at Patton from October 15, 2009, to 

November 17, 2010, when he was returned to county jail following a determination that 

he was competent to stand trial. Criminal proceedings were reinstituted.

However, concerns about defendant’s competence resurfaced. In July 2012, a jury 

determined that defendant was incompetent to stand trial. Pursuant to the jury’s verdict, 

the trial court committed defendant to a state hospital for the maximum term of three 

years pursuant to section 1370. Defendant was admitted to Patton for a second time on 

December 20, 2012.3 He appealed this (second) admission to Patton, claiming the trial 

court failed to account for the 398 days he had already been held at Patton in setting his 

maximum term of commitment. We agreed, and modified the judgment to provide that 

defendant be committed to the state hospital for a maximum term of 697 days (the 

original three-year term of 1,095 days minus 398 days already served at Patton). We 

affirmed the judgment as modified, filing our opinion on May 22, 2014. 

Meanwhile, defendant was returned to San Joaquin County for a contested 

competency hearing pursuant to section 1372. At the conclusion of the hearing, the trial 

court found defendant incompetent within the meaning of section 1368, but found a 

 

1

 We borrow liberally from our prior opinion in this case. (People v. Samuels (May 22, 

2014, C072895) [nonpub. opn.].)

2

 Further undesignated statutory references are to the Penal Code.

3

 This date is at issue in the instant appeal, as we explain post.
3

reasonable likelihood he could recover his competency. On June 9, 2014, the court 

ordered that defendant be readmitted to Patton for the maximum term of three years, with 

credit for 357 days of treatment time. Judgment was entered on June 11, 2014.

Defendant filed a timely notice of appeal, again contending the trial court acted in 

excess of its jurisdiction when it committed him (for the third time) to the state hospital 

without giving him full credit for his prior commitments to Patton. Specifically, he 

contends he was recommitted to Patton on November 6, 2012 (a date he claims is 

established in the prosecution’s motion for recommitment), and remained there until 

June 20, 2013, when he was restored to competency and returned to San Joaquin County. 

Defendant claims he was therefore entitled to 227 days of credit for the second 

commitment, plus 398 days of credit for the previous commitment, for a total of 625 days 

of credit, resulting in a maximum remaining commitment of 470 days (1095 maximum 

days minus 625 days credited). 

The People agree the trial court erred in its calculation, and agree defendant was at 

Patton until June 20, 2013, but argue defendant was recommitted on December 20, 2012,

rather than November 6, 2012. Therefore, the People argue, he was entitled to 183 days 

(rather than 227 days) of credit for the second commitment, plus 398 days of credit for 

the previous commitment, for a total of 581 days of credit, resulting in a maximum 

remaining commitment of 514 days (1095 maximum days minus 581 days credited). 

Defendant did not file a reply brief addressing this argument by the People. 

DISCUSSION

Section 1370, subdivision (c)(1) provides that three years is the maximum term a 

person may be committed to a state hospital based on a determination that the person is 

mentally incompetent to stand trial. (In re Mille (2010) 182 Cal.App.4th 635, 643-644.) 

“The three-year period . . . applies to the aggregate of all commitments for treatment for 

incompetency regarding the same charges.” (People v. Reynolds (2011) 196 Cal.App.4th 
4

801, 806.) Thus, the trial court must include a defendant’s prior commitment on the same 

charges when calculating a subsequent commitment for incompetency. 

According to our prior opinion in this case, defendant was readmitted to Patton on 

December 20, 2012. (People v. Samuels, supra, C072895.) “[W]e presume the facts 

previously stated by this court were faithful to the appellate record before us and reliably 

summarized the evidence against defendant.” (People v. Guilford (2014) 

228 Cal.App.4th 651, 661.) It is undisputed that defendant remained at Patton until 

June 20, 2013. Having spent 398 days there for his first commitment, and 183 days there 

for his second commitment, he was entitled 581 days of credit for his prior two 

commitments. 

The trial court recommitted defendant to Patton for the maximum term of three 

years, minus 357 days credit for time served in the state hospital. Defendant’s 

recommitment exceeded the authorized maximum term because it did not account for all 

of the time he previously been held at Patton. Of a possible aggregate commitment term 

of three years, or 1,095 days, defendant had already served 581 days of competency 

training. Therefore, the trial court could only recommit defendant for a maximum term 

less than or equal to 514 days.
5

DISPOSITION

The judgment is modified to provide that defendant is recommitted to the state 

hospital for a maximum term of 514 days. As modified, the judgment is affirmed.

 DUARTE , J.

We concur:

 RAYE , P. J.

 MAURO , J.