Frank R. Wolf FoRB Victims List: China

www.uscirf.gov/victims-list

USCIRF Recommended for Country of Particular Concern

China

Updated March 2024

Uyghur & Other Turkic Muslims

Chinese authorities have placed millions of Uyghurs and 

other Turkic Muslims in concentration camps for engaging in 

Islamic religious practices. Former detainees have reported 

torture, rape, forced abortion and sterilization, and political 

indoctrination. 

Adil Tuniyaz

religion or belief:

Muslim 

ethnicity:

Uyghur 

arrested:

December 25, 2017

reason for persecution:

Translating religious texts

Tibetan Buddhists

The Chinese government detains and imprisons Tibetan 

Buddhists for honoring the Dalai Lama, possessing 

his portraits, or listening to his teachings. Authorities 

reportedly subject imprisoned Tibetan monks to torture 

and political indoctrination. 

Go Sherab Gyatso

religion or belief:

Tibetan Buddhist 

arrested:

October 26, 2020

sentence:

10 Years’ Imprisonment

reason for persecution:

Advocating for religious education

Catholic & Protestant Christians

Authorities target Catholics and Protestants for refusing to 

join the state-controlled Catholic and Protestant religious 

organizations. 

Wang Yi

religion or belief:

Protestant

arrested:

December 9, 2018

sentence:

9 Years’ Imprisonment

reason for persecution:

Refusing to register religious activities with the 

government 

Falun Gong Practitioners

Law enforcement arrest Falun Gong practitioners for 

possessing and disseminating Falun Gong materials. 

Authorities reportedly torture some practitioners, which has 

led to death in some cases.

Liu Aihua

religion or belief:

Falun Gong

arrested:

July 7, 2022

sentence:

4 Years’ Imprisonment

reason for persecution:

Distributing religious materials

FoRB Victims List Stats

798 out of 2,282

Religion or Belief # of Victims

Church of Almighty God 240

Falun Gong 217

Unspecified/Other Muslim 191

Tibetan Buddhist 93

Protestant 34

Unspecified 12

Catholic 5

Unspecified/Other Christian 4

Bon 1

Unspecified/Buddhist 1

Total 798

Type of Abuse # of Victims

Imprisoned 582

Detained 206

Disappeared 6

House Arrest 4

Total 770

Average Prison Sentence

7 Years, 4 Months

Reports of # of Victims

Torture 78

Medical Neglect 17

Total 95
Frank R. Wolf FoRB Victims List: China

www.uscirf.gov/victims-list

USCIRF Recommended for Country of Particular Concern

China

Updated March 2024

Frank R. Wolf FoRB Victims List Background

The International Religious Freedom Act of 1998 (IRFA), as amended by the Frank R. Wolf International Religious Freedom Act of 2016, 

requires USCIRF to:

make publicly available, to the extent practicable...lists of persons it determines are imprisoned or detained, have 

disappeared, been placed under house arrest, been tortured, or subjected to forced renunciation of faith for their religious 

activity or religious freedom advocacy by the government of a foreign country that the Commission recommends for 

designation as a country of particular concern [CPC]...or by a nonstate actor that the Commission recommends for 

designation as an entity of particular concern [EPC]. 

USCIRF developed the Frank R. Wolf Freedom of Religion or Belief (FoRB) Victims List—an online public database—to implement this 

provision for countries USCIRF recommends for Country of Particular Concern (CPC) or Special Watch List (SWL) status. The list also 

includes such victims located in the de facto territories of nonstate actors that USCIRF recommends for Entity of Particular Concern (EPC) 

status, according to the same criteria.

Due to limited resources, USCIRF is unable to identify and document all victims that meet the statutory requirement to be included on 

the FoRB Victims List and generally relies on receiving submissions from outside individuals and organizations. As such, the information 

contained in the database does not reflect country, regional, or global trends. Furthermore, percentages highlighted in this section should 

not be used for extrapolation purposes nor interpreted as a particular group experiencing greater violations than another or a particular 

country committing violations at a greater rate than others. To support this project, USCIRF invites those with credible information on 

victims to submit information using the Victims List Intake Form at www.uscirf.gov/form/uscirf-victims-list-intake-form. 

FoRB Victims List Stats Overall

Perpetrator Victims Documented

Algeria 5 

Azerbaijan 11 

Burma 5 

China 798 

Cuba 11 

Egypt 18 

Eritrea 61

Hay’at Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) 2 

Houthis 3 

India 55 

Indonesia 9 

Iran 351 

Iraq 2 

Islamic State in West Africa Province (ISWAP) 1 

Kazakhstan 16 

Malaysia 4 

Nicaragua 68 

Nigeria 9 

North Korea 11 

Pakistan 87 

Russia 488 

Saudi Arabia 50 

Sri Lanka 1 

Tajikistan 16 

Turkmenistan 31 

Uzbekistan 88 

Vietnam 81 

Total 2,282 

Religion or Belief Victims Documented

Adivasi 1 

Ahmadi Religion of Peace and Light 3

Baha’i 169 

Bon 1 

Buddhist – Hoa Hao 6 

Buddhist – Theravada 3 

Buddhist – Tibetan 93 

Buddhist – Unspecified/Other 32 

Christian – Catholic 79 

Christian – Church of Almighty God 240 

Christian – Jehovah’s Witness 283

Christian – Orthodox 21 

Christian – Protestant 150 

Christian – Unspecified/Other 65 

Duong Van Minh 4 

ECKist (Eckankar) 1 

Erfan-e Halgheh Practitioner 3 

Falun Gong 217

Hindu 10 

Humanist 1 

Jewish 1 

Muslim – Ahmadiyya 20

Muslim – Qur’anist 1 

Muslim – Shi’a 40 

Muslim – Sufi 64 

Muslim – Sunni 412 

Muslim – Unspecified/Other 233

Santeria 5 

Scientologist 1 

Shaman 1 

Sikh 1 

Yarsani 38 

Unknown/Unspecified 83

Total 2,282
Frank R. Wolf FoRB Victims List: China

www.uscirf.gov/victims-list

USCIRF Recommended for Country of Particular Concern

China

Updated March 2024

Not Released

Bamo

Kori

Tsedo

Gelo

Karma Samdrub

Palgon

Dradul

Gonkyab

Sonam Gyatso

Yidam

Samphel

Nyidron

Tsomo

Konchog Dragpa

Wangchug Tso

Rongwo Gangkar

Tsewang Norbu

Lotse

Yudron

Dzumkar

Lhadar

Lhamo Drolma

Choeje

Nesang

Kalsang

Nyida

Palga

Sanggye Gyatso

Sonam Yonten

Thubten Pema Lhundrub

Wangchug

Yama Tashi

Tashi Dorje

Tenzin Dargye

Tenzin Tharpa

Konme

Gedun Lhundrub

Ganggye

Wangchug Kyi

Loga

Rinchen Zangpo

Dagther

Nortso

Dortra

Asang

Wu Aping

Cui Tai

Joseph Zhang Weizhu

Wan Changchun

Lian Xuliang

Fu Juan

Lian Changnian

Chen Lijun

Wang Xiaoguang

Yang Rongli

Liu Yingxu

Zhou Jinxia

Zhang Chunlei

Zhao Huaiguo

Li Fangfang

Kamile Wayit

Mou Guojian

Ma Zhengxiu

Ma Like

Cui Haoxin

Ehmetniyaz

Erkin Tursun

Adiljan

Rozimemet Atawulla

Emerjan

Elijan Mamut

Eltekin Imin

Shehide Imin

Nurnisa Turdi

Mehet Omer

Tursun Hoshur

Qelbinur Tohti

Memet’eli Atawulla

Ablajan Hebibulla

Dilmurat Emer

Aytorem Turdi

Nurmemet Hajim

Ayshemqiz Hajim

Mesud Abley

Nejip Muhemmet Salih

Asiye Muhemmet Salih

Enise Salih

Imran Adil

Abuzer Abdughappar

Mahmutjan Abdurehim

Ziyawudun Choruq

Shirinay Tohti

Yusup Tohti

Memettursun Abdurahman

Jume Turadin

Memtimin Tursun

Erpan Abdureshit

Ershat Abdureshit

Hornisaxan Osman

Abdueziz Yasin

Abduqadir

Tuniyaz Memet

Qeyim Memet

Imin Turap

Abdukerim

Rehim Turap

Memetniyaz Tohti

Emetniyaz

Tursunniyaz Abdurahman

Nurmemet Tursun Qadir

Semer Qadir

Nurmemet Tursun Sayit

Abdueziz Abdurahman

Abduqadir Qawul

Mutellip Rehim

Tursun Tohsun

Osman Ebey

Memet Tursun Abduqadir

Erkin Qawul

Abdurahman Qawul

Turap Qawul

Tohtiniyaz Idrisi

Iminniyaz Mehmut

Qurban Tursun

Tursun Zayit

Imin Zayit

Ehmet Zayit

Memet Talip

Nurimangul Talip

Buhelish Nur

Heyrisa Ehmet

Patime Sayittursun

Memet Salih

Abdulla Abdurahman

Beyshihan Hoshur

Ablimit Hoshur Hajim

Abdureshit Hoshur Hajim

Abduweli Hajim

Hemitjan Hajim

Merdan Helil

Nurbiye

Shemshidin

Abduqadir Abdurusul

Heyrulla Mehsum

Emirulla Mehsum

Nurgul

Rozimemet Tohtimemet

Memet Abdulla

Turdimemet Jappar

Tursunbaqi Tursuntohti

Jume Nasir

Sattar Abliz

Bahargul Hashim

Anargul Emer

Ablikim Tursun

Turghun Tursun

Abdulla Emer

Adil Tursun

Emer Mehmut

Abdusemet Imin

Nureli Sidiq

Memet Sadir

Mehmut Eli

Kerim Tohti

Ekber Memet

Erkin Ablet

Yusup Memet

Nurmemet Obul

Buzohre Ziyit

Chimengul Hoshur

Horigul Emer

Adil Osman

Mutellip Memet

Ablikim Ablet

Imin Mehmut

Bahargul Atawulla

Tursun Qawul

Rejepniyaz Hebibulla

Shir’eli Perhat

Abdurehim Heyit

Abdujelil Hajim

Ablikim Memtimin

Perhat Tursun

Abdughappar Abdurusul

Hemdulla Abdurahman

Adil Tuniyaz

Karma

Khyenrab

Chang Weiping

Erbolat Kusmanuly

Mutellip Sidiq Qahiri

Tsultrim

Semkyi Drolma

Rachung Gedun

Lobsang Konchog

Lhundrub Dragpa

Lobsang Tenzin

Lobsang Trinle

Pema Dondrub

Phagpa

Tenzin Lhundrub

Tsangyang Gyatso

Tsewang

Lhamo Dorje

Rinchen Namdrol

Tsultrim Gonpo

Wangchen

Thardoe Gyaltsen

Choekyab

Khadro Tseten

Lodroe

Lobsang Gephel

Lobsang Khedrub

Drugdra

Go Sherab Gyatso

Jimmy Lai

Du Meiling

Zhao Guiqin

Yang Weihong

Zhai Xinping

Sun Ping

Gong Donghua

Hu Yanling

Liu Jianhui

Li Xiao

Feng Wenran

Yang Caiyong

Wang Chunxiang

Tang Yunfang

Luo Kemei

Yang Ziyu

Yang Cuifeng

Wan Yuqin

Jiang Yanghua

Huang Jun

Chen Fuzhi

Yang Hua

Niu Xiaohong

Zhu Guangjuan

Zou Yongxia

Liu Zhi

Cheng Hui

Li Yefang

Zhu Manduo

Shao Yuanyu

Li Zhenfang

Li Juqin

Meng Lizhi

Wang Xiupin

Shao Xingfu

Ma Zaojian

Hu Chunhong

Tian Yiqin

Guo Yu’e

Pang Qing

Qin Xiaojuan

Xia Tao

Sun Juanjuan

Wang Rongrong

Liang Junlan

Liu Xueai

Cao Jutao

Liu Meiling

Xiao Shunyuan

Xing Chunlli

Xu Xiying

Liu Min

Chen Jin

Xiao Meili

Yin Puhui

Gong Xiyue

Wang Guimin

Zhang Youzhi

Jia Zifang

Yu Zhihua

Ge Xianghua

Xing Pingfei

Zhang Zhenxia

Liu Dongmei

Yu Xuezhen

Qu He

Chen Yudi

Lou Huiping

Wang Xiaomei

Wang Zhonger

Wu Xixiu

Ran Mengqun

Zhou Jiarong

Hou Jingran

Wang Jian

Li Yongqiu

Yuan Hongfen

Zhang Chunrong

Wang Huixiang

Yin Xue

Chen Tingting

Xiong Zhengxiu

Jiang Liangjiao

Fan Youying

Chen Ziquan

Li Fasheng

Wang Qiuhong

Xiang Mingqiong

Tao Qidong

Shi Dongfang

Sun Wenlian

Jian Rong

Chen Yan’e 
Frank R. Wolf FoRB Victims List: China

www.uscirf.gov/victims-list

USCIRF Recommended for Country of Particular Concern

China

Updated March 2024

Wu Youjin

Huang Yamei

Xiong Qunqun

Ji Yiling

Yu Jianwu

Yu Hai

Zhu Youjuan

Zhou Chunhua

Zheng Changyun

Wu Meixia

Huang Qiuxiang

Tang Xiaorong

Zhang Xue

Hu Wenlan

Wang Yuling

Liu Xuemei

Dong Chunhua

Li Ping

He Chun

Gui Chengxia

Cui Jing

Xiang Caihua

Ouyang Qiuping

Liu Changfen

Dai Ling’en

Zhao Weiwei

Wang Baoyu

Li Hong

Lin Weiping

Liu Shuhua

Zhong Qiong

Li Fangli

Chen Ju

Ren Guixia

Yang Xia

Zheng Shihong

Li Wanbi

Dong Qihong

Zeng Lingying

Wang Guimei

Yao Shuzhi

Wu Baozhen

Liu Junhua

Wang Jiezhi

Xu Yanping

Wang Ruiling

Yang Meiyun

Ma Chunlan

He Zhexun

Zhu Jinlian

Cai Ruhua

Zhou Hualan

Wang Lingjie

Gu Liya

Bai Lanxiang

Chen Hong

Jiang Xingmei

Bao Shuguang

Wu Lin

Mo Xiufeng

Yang Jianxin

Li Juncai

Wang Yi

Zhang Shaojie

Liang Qin

Ju Dianhong

Mo Wulong

Chen Yu

Yue Chunguang

Pan Hongming

Liu Yuhong

Liu Xing

Zhang Yibo

He Binggang

Liu Aihua

Zhou Deyong

Wang Jiafang

Wang Xinmin

Jang Baolian

Cao Qian

Wang Jianmin

Zhang Chunhe

Zhuang Youbu

Bian Changxue

Jin Liyan

Cui Fenglan

Wang Qihua

Meng Qingxia

Zhang Renfei

Liu Qiang

Deng Jingjing

Zheng Yujie

Zheng Yanmei

Li Lixin

Li Zongze

Xu Na

Tan Quicheng

Liu Lijie

Tian Yuqin

Zhang Qingxiang

Ma Yitao

Shi Fenglan

Tang Jianqun

Wu Chunxiong

Zhang Hongzhu

Wang Suping

Sun Zhifen

Xiong Chengxia

Wang Baoyu

Li Yanchun

Ding Shumei

Liu Qing

Fan Rong

Luan Ning

Yang Bo

Liu Changfu

Hou Mila

Du Yecheng

Wu Yanhua

Guan Xingtao

Li Guo’ai

Hong Weisheng

Wu Wenzhang

Jiang Wei

Zuo Hongtao

Lai Guifang

Zhang Shude

Rao Xiaoping

Hu Zhiqin

Zhou Haiyan

Hou Aila

Wang Weiqing

Li Chunhui

Zhong Yifang

Deng Chengkai

Liu Tao

Liu Wansheng

Chen Dicai

Zheng Quanhua

Li Yongquan

Zhou Qin

Mu Lifang

Mu Xia

Mu Pengjuan

Mu Min

Ma Yunhua

Wang Ziming

Pan Feng

Gao Yuming

Zeng Jiageng

Gao Jianling

Zhu Tonggui

Chen Yulian

Cao Genxiu

Chen Wen

Zheng Yixiu

Kuang Zhihua

Feng Peirong

Zhao Jiyuan

Xu Xiujuan

Zhu Ya

Wang Mingquan

Rehmutulla Semet

Renagul Gheni

Ilham Tohti

Abdurazzak Shamseden

Abliz Tohti

Akram Eslam

Abdureshit Turdi

Imin Hajim

Memet Tursun Haji

Gheni Haji

Amangul Aydek

Exmet Turdi

Peyzohre Omer

Erkin Tursun

Patem Rozi

Wahap Tursun

Yasin Tursun

Imin Damollam

Helil Hashim

Emetjan

Dadihan

Iminjan

Adiljan Abla

Rizaydin Abdureshit

Muyesser Haji Memet

Memet Ablet

Shireli Memeteli

Eli Abdulla

Iminjan Seydin

Merdan Seyitahun

Nurmemet Memetimin

Sadir Eli

Mehmut Memet

Qurbanjan Turdibaqi

Turnisa Metomur

Yalqun Rozi

Buzeynep Abdureshit

Hebibulla Tohti

Munewwer Rehim

Qadir Rehim

Murtiza Memet

Aishanjiang Kari

Gulmira Imin

Rahile Dawut

Namse

Sogru Abu

Dongye

Jangchub Ngodrub

Erkin Tursun

Ekpar Asat

Gulshan Abbas

Not Released (continued)
Frank R. Wolf FoRB Victims List: China

www.uscirf.gov/victims-list

USCIRF Recommended for Country of Particular Concern

China

Updated March 2024

Released

Dong Mengru

Hua Xiuxia

San Luobo

Nu Sangdeng

Wang Shunping

Ding Shuqi

Su Bingsen

Li Zihu

Dai Zhichao

Cao Qing’en

Ma Guoxia

Nezire Muhemmet Salih

Mehmud Muhemmet

Memet Ismayil

Ayshemhan Yasin

Adil Mijit

Rinchen Tsultrim

Sonam Gyatso

Tashi Wangchuk

An Yankui

Zhang Chenghao

John Cao

Alimujiang Yimiti

Tan Defu

Hu Shigen

Guo Yanda

Ye Zhongqiu

Wei Zaiqiang

Wang Lei

Lei Xiuxiang

Zhao Tingting

Wang Fuhua

Bai Xia

Wang Fang

Yang Chuanhou

Xu Shikai

Yu Shourong

Bai Lijun

Xia Mingjin

Liu Yongying

Li Yuehu

Liang Xin

Yao Guofu

Ma Zhenyu

Deng Chuangjiu

Abdulitip Ablimit

Abdujelil Abdughopur

Unknown

Lu Keqin

Konchog Phuntsog

Dechen Choedron

Gedhun Choekyi Nyima

Liu Honggeng

James Su Zhimin

Gao Zhisheng

Shi Qiaoyun

He Wen

Lobsang Tsering

Khedrub Gyatso

Lobsang Gedun

Lobsang Sanggye

Namse

Kalsang Gyatso

Kalsang Sonam

Tsezung Kyab

Tsultrim Kalsang

Tsultrim Nyandrag

Lhagyal

Yonten

Sota

Kunsal

Tenzin Buchung

Gyaltsen

Trinle Tsekar

Bonkho Kyi

Lhundrub Dorje

Li Cui

Zhang Keqiong

Liu Jifang

Hu Xiuzhen

Hu Mei

Gan Zhiduo

Tao Yanyu

Guo Shilei

Fang Yueqin

Li Gang

Wang Jinrui

Liu Xiaoguo

Liu Huijuan

Wang Liangfang

Zhang Zhiqin

Li Famei

Zhang Lulu

Zou Zhengqin

Wu Zhifang

Yao Xiaoying

He Jun

Cai Jinfeng

Lao Feiyan

Yang Yang

Wang Yan

Hou Qingrong

Erdenetuya

Xu Guixiang

Xiao Guorong

Zou Shumei

Meng Lingli

Lu Zhuqing

Xiao Shugang

Yan Shihua

Lu Huan

Gao Xiuhong

Bao Guangming

Xu Yunxue

Hu Mingfa

Guan Caihua

Chen Xiaoying

Yin Yaoquan

Wang Shan

Shi Mudan

Hu XinnÃ1⁄4

Yuan Shuxia

Gao Shengzhi

Yang Qiudi

Chen Yunqiang

Li Xiaorong

Wu Yanping

Zhu Huiru

Liu Jishui

Zhao Yuelian

Zhao Haibin

Meng Qingmin

Li Anqun

Li Tianhua

Bai Xiujie

Song Rongmin

Pei Jing

Zhang Jie

Hu Weijun

Zhou Xiangyun

Wu Jikun

Geng Hongmei

Feng Yimei

Wu Binrong

Li Naiyang

Li Huaxian

Yan Fenglin

Sun Xia

Fang Ronghua

Xu Zhaoling

Luo Yanping

Gong Xingqi

Jiang Xuelian

Wang Huanhuan

Jiang Ruirui

Kou Zijuan

Wang Zongming

Teng Chengqin

Yue Yumei

Yan Weihua

Du Xiaoqin

Guo Eryan

Wang Huaixiang

Wang Jinzhi

Geng Zejun

Cheng Jinfeng

Ren Shenglin

Chen Kaiqi

Zhang Minglang

Li Jiaxuan

Jiao Mengjiao

Chunmei Wang

Zeng Haiping

Zeng Huaying

Song Konghua

Luo Baojun

Lin Jiangmei

Gao Jianjun

Ma Baoling

Na Renzhi

Wang Haichao

Yang Xiufang

Xu Junying

Zhang Chuanwen

Ding Guozhu

Guo Yuzhen

Liu Fengbao

Ding Lijie

Zheng Jinling

Pei Yuxian

Xu Xiaoying

Lin Yanmei

Wu Chaoqi

Lin Lizhen

Kuang Dongliang

Sun Jun

Zhang Xia

Li Changqiu

Zhang Chunqiu

Zhu Surong

Qiang Weixiu

Gong Qinglin

Jin Hong

Wang Jianhua

Liu Enquan

Hu Yating

Xu Guixian

Yang Xiaohua

Zhao Shuqing

Yuan Bin

Feng Junqing

Zuo Aifeng

Zheng Weidong

Shi Xingjia

Huang Xiangling

Huang Zhongmei

Shi Peiling

Li Yongxin

Jiang Jianmei

Yang Huanping

Geng Shulan

Li Dongmei

Shang Zhaoxiang

Gao Hongwei

Lei Anxiang

Wu Jianming

Dong Jinping

Yu Zhi

Lu Shangrong

Wan Mengrong

Huang Bohui

Guo Yuanjun

Liu Wenhuan

Li Changxing

Liu Xifang

Zhang Ming

Jiang Liyu

Shang Qin

Wang Fengjuan

Lu Houfen

Li Lanxiu

Jin Bainiu

Ma Xiurong

Li Guihua

Li Guiying

Liu Taoying

Yan Jinhua

Gao Yinhua

Wen Yan

Deng Huizhong

Han Ling

Li Guo

Wang Yingxia

Zhou Yuzhen

Fu Deju

Zhou Shuxian

Wang Hongyu

Zhang Aili

Deng Cuiping

Li Yuanyou

Zeng Yinlang

Li Xiaochun

Sun Ping

Gong Hua

Abdulla Abdurahman

Abdulletip Abdurahman

Memettursun Islam

Urayim Axun

Hawa Musayim

Mehmet Abdulla Enver

Ablimit Abdurahman

Mutellip Rozi

Omerjan Memet

Dolqun Erkin

Mewlanjan Ehmet

Erkin Emet

Seydehmet Awut

Qurbanjan Abdusemet