51636 Federal Register / Vol. 86, No. 177 / Thursday, September 16, 2021 / Proposed Rules 

Confidential Business Information. 

Pursuant to 10 CFR 1004.11, any person 

submitting information that he or she 

believes to be confidential and exempt 

by law from public disclosure should 

submit via email two well-marked 

copies: One copy of the document 

marked ‘‘confidential’’ including all the 

information believed to be confidential, 

and one copy of the document marked 

‘‘non-confidential’’ with the information 

believed to be confidential deleted. DOE 

will make its own determination about 

the confidential status of the 

information and treat it according to its 

determination. 

It is DOE policy that all comments 

may be included in the public docket, 

without change and as received, 

including any personal information 

provided in the comments (except 

information deemed to be exempt from 

public disclosure). 

B. Issues on Which DOE Seeks 

Comments 

DOE welcomes comments on all 

aspects of this proposed determination. 

DOE is particularly interested in 

receiving comments and views of 

interested parties concerning the 

following issues: 

• Proposed definition and scope of 

coverage of air cleaners; 

• Data and information regarding 

current annual shipments of air cleaners 

and the installed base of air cleaners, 

specifying the scope of products 

included in any such estimates (e.g., 

portable, non-portable (wall-mounted, 

ceiling-mounted, whole-home), etc.); 

• Availability or lack of availability of 

technologies for improving energy 

efficiency of air cleaners. 

• Data and information regarding 

annual energy use estimates for air 

cleaners, particularly for products not 

covered by the ENERGY STAR program, 

such as non-portable products (wallmounted, ceiling-mounted, and wholehome units); and 

• Whether classifying air cleaners as 

a covered product is necessary or 

appropriate to carry out the purposes of 

EPCA. 

DOE is interested in receiving views 

concerning other relevant issues that 

participants believe would affect its 

ability to establish test procedures and 

energy conservation standards for air 

cleaners. 

After the expiration of the period for 

submitting written statements, DOE will 

consider all comments and additional 

information that is obtained from 

interested parties or through further 

analyses, and it will prepare a final 

determination. 

VII. Approval of the Office of the 

Secretary 

The Secretary of Energy has approved 

publication of this notification of 

proposed determination. 

Signing Authority 

This document of the Department of 

Energy was signed on September 10, 

2021, by Kelly Speakes-Backman, 

Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary 

and Acting Assistant Secretary for 

Energy Efficiency and Renewable 

Energy, pursuant to delegated authority 

from the Secretary of Energy. That 

document with the original signature 

and date is maintained by DOE. For 

administrative purposes only, and in 

compliance with requirements of the 

Office of the Federal Register, the 

undersigned DOE Federal Register 

Liaison Officer has been authorized to 

sign and submit the document in 

electronic format for publication, as an 

official document of the Department of 

Energy. This administrative process in 

no way alters the legal effect of this 

document upon publication in the 

Federal Register. 

Signed in Washington, DC, on September 

10, 2021 

Treena V. Garrett, 

Federal Register Liaison Officer, U.S. 

Department of Energy. 

[FR Doc. 2021–19950 Filed 9–15–21; 8:45 am] 

BILLING CODE 6450–01–P 

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION 

Federal Aviation Administration 

14 CFR Part 39 

[Docket No. FAA–2020–1006; Project 

Identifier 2019–CE–047–AD] 

RIN 2120–AA64 

Airworthiness Directives; Piper 

Aircraft, Inc. Airplanes 

AGENCY: Federal Aviation 

Administration (FAA), DOT. 

ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking 

(NPRM). 

SUMMARY: The FAA proposes to 

supersede Airworthiness Directive (AD) 

78–02–03, which applies to all Piper 

Aircraft, Inc. (Piper), Model PA–23–250 

airplanes. AD 78–02–03 requires 

repetitively inspecting the stabilator tip 

tube and weight assemblies for cracks, 

inspecting for missing rivets and screws, 

replacing the forward rib/horn 

assemblies, and reinforcing the 

mounting. Since AD 78–02–03 was 

issued, Piper developed a newlydesigned stabilator, which is not subject 

to the unsafe condition, and revised its 

service information. This proposed AD 

would retain the actions of AD 78–02– 

03, but would reduce the applicability 

and require the actions in the revised 

service information. The FAA is 

proposing this AD to address the unsafe 

condition on these products. 

DATES: The FAA must receive comments 

on this proposed AD by November 1, 

2021. 

ADDRESSES: You may send comments, 

using the procedures found in 14 CFR 

11.43 and 11.45, by any of the following 

methods: 

• Federal eRulemaking Portal: Go to 

https://www.regulations.gov. Follow the 

instructions for submitting comments. 

• Fax: (202) 493–2251. 

• Mail: U.S. Department of 

Transportation, Docket Operations, M– 

30, West Building Ground Floor, Room 

W12–140, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE, 

Washington, DC 20590. 

• Hand Delivery: Deliver to Mail 

address above between 9 a.m. and 5 

p.m., Monday through Friday, except 

Federal holidays. 

For service information identified in 

this NPRM, contact Piper Aircraft, Inc., 

2926 Piper Drive, Vero Beach, FL 32960; 

phone: (772) 299–2141; website: https:// 

www.piper.com/. You may view this 

service information at the FAA, 

Airworthiness Products Section, 

Operational Safety Branch, 901 Locust, 

Kansas City, MO 64106. For information 

on the availability of this material at the 

FAA, call (816) 329–4148. 

Examining the AD Docket 

You may examine the AD docket at 

https://www.regulations.gov by 

searching for and locating Docket No. 

FAA–2020–1006; or in person at Docket 

Operations between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., 

Monday through Friday, except Federal 

holidays. The AD docket contains this 

NPRM, any comments received, and 

other information. The street address for 

Docket Operations is listed above. 

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: John 

Marshall, Aviation Safety Engineer, 

Atlanta ACO Branch, FAA, 1701 

Columbia Avenue, College Park, GA 

30337; phone: (404) 474–5524; fax: (404) 

474–5605; email: john.r.marshall@

faa.gov. 

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

Comments Invited 

The FAA invites you to send any 

written relevant data, views, or 

arguments about this proposal. Send 

your comments to an address listed 

under ADDRESSES. Include ‘‘Docket 

Number FAA–2020–1006; Project 

Federal Register / Vol. 86, No. 177 / Thursday, September 16, 2021 / Proposed Rules 51637 

Identifier 2019–CE–047–AD’’ at the 

beginning of your comments. The most 

helpful comments reference a specific 

portion of the proposal, explain the 

reason for any recommended change, 

and include supporting data. The FAA 

will consider all comments received by 

the closing date and may amend the 

proposal because of those comments. 

Except for Confidential Business 

Information (CBI) as described in the 

following paragraph, and other 

information as described in 14 CFR 

11.35, the FAA will post all comments 

received, without change, to https://

www.regulations.gov, including any 

personal information you provide. The 

agency will also post a report 

summarizing each substantive verbal 

contact received about this NPRM. 

Confidential Business Information 

CBI is commercial or financial 

information that is both customarily and 

actually treated as private by its owner. 

Under the Freedom of Information Act 

(FOIA) (5 U.S.C. 552), CBI is exempt 

from public disclosure. If your 

comments responsive to this NPRM 

contain commercial or financial 

information that is customarily treated 

as private, that you actually treat as 

private, and that is relevant or 

responsive to this NPRM, it is important 

that you clearly designate the submitted 

comments as CBI. Please mark each 

page of your submission containing CBI 

as ‘‘PROPIN.’’ The FAA will treat such 

marked submissions as confidential 

under the FOIA, and they will not be 

placed in the public docket of this 

NPRM. Submissions containing CBI 

should be sent to John Marshall, 

Aviation Safety Engineer, Atlanta ACO 

Branch, FAA, 1701 Columbia Avenue, 

College Park, GA 30337. Any 

commentary that the FAA receives 

which is not specifically designated as 

CBI will be placed in the public docket 

for this rulemaking. 

Background 

The FAA issued AD 78–02–03 [Reg. 

Docket No. 77–EA–81, Amendment 39– 

3128] (43 FR 3079, January 23, 1978) 

(AD 78–02–03), for all Piper Model PA– 

23–250 airplanes. AD 78–02–03 was 

prompted by cracks found on the 

stabilator structure during routine 

inspections, including cracks in the tip 

balance weight, abnormal trim tab horn 

bushing wear, and skin and nose rib 

cracks. The FAA issued AD 78–02–03 to 

prevent weakening of the stabilator 

structure and loss of the trim tab and 

counter balance weight, which could 

result in reduced airplane control. 

For all Model PA–23–250 airplanes, 

AD 78–02–03 requires repetitively 

inspecting both the stabilator tip tube 

and the weight assemblies for cracks, 

with follow-on alterations or 

replacements as necessary, in 

accordance with Piper Service Bulletin 

(SB) No. 540, dated January 4, 1977 

(Piper SB 540). For different groups of 

serial-numbered airplanes, AD 78–02– 

03 requires a one-time inspection of the 

stabilator tip ribs for missing rivets and 

missing tube and weight assembly 

attachment screws with alteration as 

necessary, replacement of the right and 

left stabilator tab forward inboard rib/ 

horn assemblies, and/or reinforcement 

of the mounting of the stabilator tube 

and weight assemblies. The repetitive 

inspections in AD 78–02–03 for all 

serial-numbered airplanes have no 

terminating action and are required 

regardless of any corrective actions 

performed. 

Actions Since AD 78–02–03 Was Issued 

Since the FAA issued AD 78–02–03, 

Piper changed the design of the 

stabilator structure. Airplanes beginning 

with serial number 27–7954122 were 

manufactured with the stabilator design 

change and are not subject to the unsafe 

condition addressed by AD 78–02–03. 

The FAA determined the applicability 

of AD 78–02–03 should be revised to 

exclude those later-manufactured 

airplanes. 

In addition, Piper revised SB 540, the 

service bulletin required by AD 78–02– 

03 for the repetitive inspections of the 

stabilator tip tube and the weight 

assemblies. Piper SB 540B, dated 

February 9, 2021 (Piper SB 540B), 

reduces the applicability of the affected 

serial numbers and contains separate 

instructions for inspecting and repairing 

airplanes with a modified tube and 

weight assembly or with a stabilizer 

balance weight replacement kit part 

number (P/N) 763 987. 

Related Service Information Under 1 

CFR Part 51 

The FAA reviewed the following 

service documents proposed for 

compliance with this NPRM: 

• Piper SB No. 547, dated March 1, 

1977, which contains instructions for 

inspecting the stabilator tip rib; 

• Piper SB No. 569, dated August 24, 

1977, which contains information for 

replacing the stabilator tab horn; 

• Piper Service Letter No. 807A, 

dated September 8, 1977, which 

contains information for installing the 

stabilator outboard nose rib; and 

• Piper SB No. 540B, February 9, 

2021, which contains instructions for 

inspecting the stabilator tip tube and 

weight assembly and addressing any 

cracks found. 

This service information is reasonably 

available because the interested parties 

have access to it through their normal 

course of business or by the means 

identified in the ADDRESSES. 

Other Related Service Information 

The FAA reviewed the following 

documents for information related to 

this NPRM: 

• Piper SB 540, which contains 

instructions for inspecting and 

reinforcing the stabilator tip tube and 

weight assembly; and 

• Piper Aztec Service Manual, Part 

Number 753–564, dated January 1, 2009. 

Paragraphs 4–65 through 4–67 of this 

manual contain procedures for checking 

control surface balance. 

FAA’s Determination 

The FAA is issuing this NPRM after 

determining the unsafe condition 

described previously is likely to exist or 

develop in other products of the same 

type design. 

Proposed AD Requirements in This 

NPRM 

This proposed AD would retain all of 

the requirements of AD 78–02–03 but 

would reduce the applicability and 

update some of the service information 

that would be required for compliance. 

Differences Between This Proposed AD 

and the Service Information 

Piper SB 540B specifies contacting 

Piper for repair instructions. This 

proposed AD would require contacting 

the FAA for an approved repair method 

instead. 

Costs of Compliance 

The FAA estimates that this AD, if 

adopted as proposed, would affect 625 

airplanes of U.S. registry. 

The FAA estimates the following 

costs to comply with this proposed AD: 

51638 Federal Register / Vol. 86, No. 177 / Thursday, September 16, 2021 / Proposed Rules 

ESTIMATED COSTS

Action Labor cost Parts cost Cost per product Cost on U.S. 

operators 

Inspect the stabilator tip 

tube and weight assembly.

0.5 work-hour × $85 per 

hour = $42.50.

Not applicable ................... $42.50 per inspection 

cycle.

$26,562.50 per inspection 

cycle. 

Inspect the stabilator tip 

ribs.

0.5 work-hour × $85 per 

hour = $42.50.

Not applicable ................... $42.50 ............................... $26,562.50. 

Replace the stabilator tab 

forward rib/horn assemblies.

4 work-hours × $85 per 

hour = $340.

$817 .................................. $1,157 ............................... $723,125. 

Install additional nose ribs 1 work-hour × $85 per 

hour = $85.

$367 .................................. $452 .................................. $282,500. 

The FAA estimates the following 

costs to do any necessary repairs or 

replacements that would be required 

based on the results of the proposed 

inspection. The FAA has no way of 

determining the number of airplanes 

that might need these repairs or 

replacements: 

ON-CONDITION COSTS

Action Labor cost Parts cost Cost per 

product 

Repair stabilator tip tube and weight assemblies (airplanes without kit P/N 

763 987).

4 work-hours × $85 per hour = $340 ...... $80 ........................................................... $420 

Install missing stabilator tip rib rivets 

and/or the stabilator tip tube and 

weight assembly attachment screws.

1 work hour × $85 per hour = $85 .......... 39 ............................................................. 124 

Balance stabilator .................................... 5 work-hours × $85 per hour = $425 ...... Not applicable .......................................... 425 

For airplanes with kit P/N 763 987, 

the cost to repair cracking may vary 

significantly from airplane to airplane, 

and therefore the FAA has no way of 

determining an estimated cost. 

Authority for This Rulemaking 

Title 49 of the United States Code 

specifies the FAA’s authority to issue 

rules on aviation safety. Subtitle I, 

Section 106, describes the authority of 

the FAA Administrator. Subtitle VII, 

Aviation Programs, describes in more 

detail the scope of the Agency’s 

authority. 

The FAA is issuing this rulemaking 

under the authority described in 

Subtitle VII, Part A, Subpart III, Section 

44701, General requirements. Under 

that section, Congress charges the FAA 

with promoting safe flight of civil 

aircraft in air commerce by prescribing 

regulations for practices, methods, and 

procedures the Administrator finds 

necessary for safety in air commerce. 

This regulation is within the scope of 

that authority because it addresses an 

unsafe condition that is likely to exist or 

develop on products identified in this 

rulemaking action. 

Regulatory Findings 

The FAA has determined that this 

proposed AD would not have federalism 

implications under Executive Order 

13132. This proposed AD would not 

have a substantial direct effect on the 

States, on the relationship between the 

national Government and the States, or 

on the distribution of power and 

responsibilities among the various 

levels of government. 

For the reasons discussed above, I 

certify this proposed regulation: 

(1) Is not a ‘‘significant regulatory 

action’’ under Executive Order 12866, 

(2) Would not affect intrastate 

aviation in Alaska, and 

(3) Would not have a significant 

economic impact, positive or negative, 

on a substantial number of small entities 

under the criteria of the Regulatory 

Flexibility Act. 

List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 39 

Air transportation, Aircraft, Aviation 

safety, Incorporation by reference, 

Safety. 

The Proposed Amendment 

Accordingly, under the authority 

delegated to me by the Administrator, 

the FAA proposes to amend 14 CFR part 

39 as follows: 

PART 39—AIRWORTHINESS 

DIRECTIVES 

■ 1. The authority citation for part 39 

continues to read as follows: 

Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701. 

§ 39.13 [Amended] 

■ 2. The FAA amends § 39.13 by: 

■ a. Removing Airworthiness Directive 

78–02–03 [Reg. Docket No. 77–EA–81, 

Amendment 39–3128] (43 FR 3079, 

January 23, 1978); and 

■ b. Adding the following new 

airworthiness directive: 

Piper Aircraft, Inc.: Docket No. FAA–2020– 

1006; Project Identifier 2019–CE–047– 

AD. 

(a) Comments Due Date 

The FAA must receive comments on this 

airworthiness directive (AD) by November 1, 

2021. 

(b) Affected ADs 

This AD replaces AD 78–02–03 [Reg. 

Docket No. 77–EA–81, Amendment 39–3128] 

(43 FR 3079, January 23, 1978) (AD 78–02– 

03). 

(c) Applicability 

This AD applies to Piper Aircraft, Inc., 

Model PA–23–250 airplanes, serial numbers 

27–7654001 through 27–7954121, certificated 

in any category. 

(d) Subject 

Joint Aircraft System Component (JASC) 

Code 5510, Horizontal Stabilizer Structure. 

(e) Unsafe Condition 

This AD was prompted by reports of cracks 

developing on the stabilator structure. The 

FAA is issuing this AD to prevent weakening 

of the stabilator structure and to detect and 

correct cracks on the stabilator tip tube and 

Federal Register / Vol. 86, No. 177 / Thursday, September 16, 2021 / Proposed Rules 51639 

weight assembly. The unsafe condition, if not 

addressed, could cause weakening of the 

complete structure and lead to loss of the 

trim tab and counter balance weight, which 

may result in reduced airplane control. 

(f) Compliance 

Comply with this AD within the 

compliance times specified, unless already 

done. 

(g) Previously Required Actions Retained 

From AD 78–02–03 

(1) Within 50 hours time-in-service (TIS) 

after January 26, 1978 (the effective date of 

AD 78–02–03), do the following inspections 

and modifications. 

(i) For airplanes with serial numbers 27– 

7654001 through 27–7754054, inspect both 

stabilator tip ribs for missing rivets and 

missing tube and weight assembly 

attachment screws and if necessary alter in 

accordance with Piper Service Bulletin (SB) 

547, dated March 1, 1977. 

(ii) For airplanes with serial numbers 27– 

7654001 through 27–7754127, 27–7754130, 

27–7754131, 27–7754133 through 27– 

7754136, and 27–7754138 through 27– 

7754144, replace the right and left stabilator 

tab forward inboard rib/horn assemblies by 

installing Piper Kit 761 143 or equivalent kit 

in accordance with Piper SB 569, dated 

August 24, 1977. 

(iii) For airplanes with serial numbers 27– 

7654001 through 27–7754041 equipped with 

stabilators Piper part number (P/N) 15658–2, 

15658–3, 15658–22 or 15658–23, reinforce 

the mounting of the stabilator tube and 

weight assemblies by installing additional 

nose-ribs with Piper Kit 761 141 or 

equivalent kit in accordance with Piper 

Service Letter 807A, dated September 8, 

1977. 

(2) Before further flight after completing 

the alterations in paragraphs (g)(1)(ii) and 

(iii) of this AD, balance the stabilator. 

(h) Inspection of Stabilator Tip Tube and 

Weight Assembly 

Within 10 hours TIS after the effective date 

of this AD or within 100 hours TIS after 

completing the last inspection required by 

paragraph (a) of AD 78–02–03, whichever 

occurs later, and thereafter at intervals not to 

exceed 100 hours TIS, inspect the left and 

right stabilator balance weight assemblies for 

cracks and complete any necessary repairs by 

following Parts I and II of the Instructions in 

Piper SB No. 540B, dated February 9, 2021, 

except you are not required to contact Piper 

for repair instructions. Instead, repair in 

accordance with FAA-approved procedures. 

(i) Credit for Previous Actions 

You may take credit for the initial 

inspection and corrective actions required by 

paragraph (h) of this AD if you performed 

those actions before the effective date of this 

AD using Piper SB No. 540, dated January 4, 

1977, or SB No. 540A, dated October 20, 

1980. 

(j) Alternative Methods of Compliance 

(AMOCs) 

(1) The Manager, Atlanta ACO Branch, 

FAA, has the authority to approve AMOCs 

for this AD, if requested using the procedures 

found in 14 CFR 39.19. In accordance with 

14 CFR 39.19, send your request to your 

principal inspector or local Flight Standards 

District Office, as appropriate. If sending 

information directly to the manager of the 

certification office, send it to the attention of 

the person identified in Related Information. 

(2) Before using any approved AMOC, 

notify your appropriate principal inspector, 

or lacking a principal inspector, the manager 

of the local flight standards district office/ 

certificate holding district office. 

(3) For service information that contains 

steps that are labeled as Required for 

Compliance (RC), the following provisions 

apply. 

(i) The steps labeled as RC, including 

substeps under an RC step and any figures 

identified in an RC step, must be done to 

comply with the AD. An AMOC is required 

for any deviations to RC steps, including 

substeps and identified figures. 

(ii) Steps not labeled as RC may be 

deviated from using accepted methods in 

accordance with the operator’s maintenance 

or inspection program without obtaining 

approval of an AMOC, provided the RC steps, 

including substeps and identified figures, can 

still be done as specified, and the airplane 

can be put back in an airworthy condition. 

(k) Related Information 

(1) For more information about this AD, 

contact John Marshall, Aviation Safety 

Engineer, Atlanta ACO Branch, FAA, 1701 

Columbia Avenue, College Park, GA 30337; 

phone: (404) 474–5524; fax: (404) 474–5605; 

email: john.r.marshall@faa.gov. 

(2) For service information identified in 

this AD, contact Piper Aircraft, Inc., 2926 

Piper Drive, Vero Beach, FL 32960; phone: 

(772) 299–2141; website: https://

www.piper.com/. You may view this 

referenced service information at the FAA, 

Airworthiness Products Section, Operational 

Safety Branch, 901 Locust, Kansas City, MO 

64106. For information on the availability of 

this material at the FAA, call (816) 329–4148. 

Issued on September 9, 2021. 

Ross Landes, 

Deputy Director for Regulatory Operations, 

Compliance & Airworthiness Division, 

Aircraft Certification Service. 

[FR Doc. 2021–19959 Filed 9–15–21; 8:45 am] 

BILLING CODE 4910–13–P 

CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY 

COMMISSION 

16 CFR Part 1634 

[Docket No. CPSC–2008–0005] 

Standard for the Flammability of 

Residential Upholstered Furniture 

AGENCY: Consumer Product Safety 

Commission. 

ACTION: Termination of rulemaking. 

SUMMARY: The Consumer Product Safety 

Commission is withdrawing its 

proposed rule on flammability 

standards for residential upholstered 

furniture that published March 4, 2008 

in the Federal Register. This rulemaking 

is no longer active because it has been 

superseded by the COVID–19 

Regulatory Relief and Work From Home 

Safety Act. 

DATES: As of September 16, 2021 the 

proposed rule publish March 4, 2008 at 

73 FR 11701 is withdrawn. 

ADDRESSES: National Product Testing 

and Evaluation Center, 5 Research 

Place, Rockville, MD 20850. 

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: 

Andrew Lock, Project Manager, 

Directorate for Laboratory Sciences, 

National Product Testing and 

Evaluation Center, 5 Research Place, 

Rockville, MD 20850; telephone: 301– 

987–2099; email: alock@cpsc.gov. 

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

A. Upholstered Furniture Rulemaking 

Under the FFA 

1. Advance Notice of Proposed 

Rulemaking. In 1993, the National 

Association of State Fire Marshals 

(NASFM) petitioned the Commission to 

issue regulations under the FFA 

addressing upholstered furniture fire 

risks. On June 15, 1994, the Commission 

granted the petition, in part, and issued 

an advance notice of proposed 

rulemaking (ANPR) on the specific risk 

of small, open flame-ignited fires. 59 FR 

30735. The Commission denied the 

petition regarding large, open flameignited fires, and deferred action on the 

petition for cigarette-ignited fires. On 

October 23, 2003, the Commission 

published a subsequent ANPR, 

expanding the upholstered furniture 

proceeding to address ignition of 

upholstered furniture by small open 

flames and smoldering cigarettes. 68 FR 

60629. 

2. Notice of Proposed Rulemaking. On 

March 4, 2008, the Commission issued 

a notice of proposed rulemaking (2008 

NPR) for a flammability standard for 

residential upholstered furniture under 

the FFA. 73 FR 11702. The 2008 NPR 

proposed performance requirements to 

reduce the likelihood of upholstered 

furniture fires ignited by cigarettes or 

small open flames. Manufacturers and 

importers of upholstered furniture could 

choose one of two possible methods for 

compliance: (1) Use upholstery cover 

material that met the specified cigaretteignition performance test, i.e., ‘‘Type I’’ 

furniture; or (2) incorporate an interior 

fire barrier between the cover fabric and 

interior filling materials that met both 

the smoldering and small open-flame 

resistance tests, i.e., ‘‘Type II’’ furniture. 

An ‘‘interior fire barrier’’ was defined as 

a fire-resistant material that is