CITY OF CLOVERDALE RECYCLED WATER PLANNING PROGRAM 

WaterSMART: Water Recycling and Desalination Planning Grant 

FOA: R23AS00076 

February 28, 2023 

Applicant Information: City of Cloverdale 

124 N. Cloverdale Boulevard 

Cloverdale, Ca 95425 

Phone: (707) 894-2521 

Project Contact: David Kelley, City Manager 

Phone: (707) 894-2521 

Email: dkelley@ci.cloverdale.ca.us 
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TABLE      OF CONTENTS

List of Figures.................................................................................................................. ii 

Location Map ............................................................................................................... ii 

List of Acronyms .............................................................................................................. ii 

1 TECHNICAL PROPOSAL AND EVALUATION CRITERIA ...................................... 1 

1.1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.................................................................................... 1 

1.2 PROJECT LOCATION ....................................................................................... 2 

1.3 TECHNICAL PROJECT DESCRIPTION ............................................................ 2 

1.3.1 Background ................................................................................................. 2 

1.3.2 Goals and Objectives .................................................................................. 3 

1.3.3 Detailed Scope of Work Approach ............................................................... 3 

1.4 EVALUATION CRITERIA ................................................................................... 6 

1.4.1 Evaluation Criterion 1 – Project Planning and Analysis ............................... 6 

1.4.2 Evaluation Criterion 2— Stretching Water Supplies .................................. 11 

1.4.3 Evaluation Criterion 3 - Environment and Water Quality ........................... 15 

1.4.4 Evaluation Criterion 4— Department of the Interior Priorities .................... 16 

1.4.5 Evaluation Criterion 5— Watershed Perspective and Stakeholder 

Involvement ............................................................................................................ 19 

2 PROJECT BUDGET .............................................................................................. 21 

2.1 Funding Plan and Letters of Commitment ........................................................ 21 

2.2 Budget Proposal............................................................................................... 22 

2.3 Budget Narrative .............................................................................................. 22 

3 ENVIRONMENTAL AND CULTURAL RESOURCES COMPLIANCE .................... 23 

4 Required Permits or Approvals .............................................................................. 25 

5 Letters of Support................................................................................................... 25 

6 Overlap or Duplication of Effort Statement ............................................................. 25 

7 Conflict of Interest Disclosure ................................................................................ 25 

8 Official Resolution .................................................................................................. 25 

9 Sam.gov Registration ............................................................................................. 27 

10 References ............................................................................................................. 30 

Attachment A – Project Location Map ........................................................................... 31 

Appendix A: Letters of Support .................................................................................... 33 

i 
 

 

 

 

 

List of Figures 

Location Map 

List of Acronyms 

AF Acre-feet 

AFY Acre-feet per year 

ATSDR Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry 

CDC Centers for Disease Control 

CEQA California Environmental Quality Act 

EPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 

GPCD Gallons Per Capita, Per Day 

MGD Million Gallons Per Day 

NCRPP North Coast Resource Partnership Plan, Phase IV 

NEPA National Environmental Policy Act 

USBR United States Bureau of Reclamation 

USGS United States Geological Survey 

UWMP Urban Water Management Plan 

ii 
         

 

1 TECHNICAL PROPOSAL AND EVALUATION CRITERIA 

1.1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 

Date: 2/28/2023 

Applicant: City of Cloverdale 

Applicant City, County, State: Cloverdale, Sonoma County, CA 

Project Location: The project is located within the City of Cloverdale, California in 

Sonoma County at the Cloverdale Wastewater Treatment Facility. The future recycled 

water pipelines will be within the City of Cloverdale at a location identified through an 

alternatives analysis . Neither the existing treatment facility, nor future proposed pipelines 

are located on a Federal facility. 

Project Name: City of Cloverdale Recycled Water Planning Program 

Project Duration: 24 months 

Estimated Project Completion (mm/yy): October 2025 

Funding Group: Tier 1 

Grant Funding Requested: $577,500 

Non-Federal Matching Funds: $577,500 

Project Summary: The City of Cloverdale (City) Recycled Water Planning Program aims 

to improve the City’s water supply resiliency by utilizing recycled water from its 

Wastewater Treatment Facility (WWTF) to supply an estimated 260 acre-feet of recycled 

water annually. The planning project will consist of a feasibility study, basis of design and 

pre-design report, and public outreach engagement. The feasibility study will focus on 

agricultural sites and existing large landscaped areas that are candidates for utilizing 

recycled water. Public and stakeholder outreach will be an important part of this project. 

The City will hold public meetings and prepare and distribute outreach materials to foster 

support of using recycled water as a sustainable option to enhance water supply reliability 

and combat the escalating impacts of drought. 

This project is not located on a Federal facility. 

City of Cloverdale Recycled Water Planning Program 

WaterSMART: Water Recycling and Desalination Planning Grant Page 1 
 

1.2 PROJECT LOCATION 

A map of the City’s service area that includes the WWTF location and displays Center for 

Disease Control Social Vulnerability Index for the community served is included as 

Attachment 1. 

1.3 TECHNICAL PROJECT DESCRIPTION 

1.3.1 Background 

The City of Cloverdale is located in Sonoma County at the north end of the Alexander 

Valley, bordering the Russian River. Cloverdale covers approximately 2.5 square miles 

with an estimated 2020 population of 9,213 people. The City’s service area includes 

residential, commercial and industrial land use. Its water production and delivery system 

receive water from a well field utilizing groundwater under the direct influence of surface 

water from the Russian River as well as a Water Treatment Plant providing treated water 

from the Russian River. The City does not receive water from any other source and does 

not provide water to any major water users outside of its service area. 

The climate of the City’s service area is characterized as Mediterranean, with cool winters 

and hot, dry summers. Temperatures average 61 degrees Fahrenheit annually and can 

range from the upper 30s during winter months, to high 90s in the summer months. 

Temperatures may even reach over 100 degrees Fahrenheit in summer months. High 

temperatures combined with low precipitation in this region can affect water demands 

significantly during this time. Rainfall averages 43 inches annually and historically occurs 

between October and April. 

Table 1 shows the projected water consumption through 2040 by various water use types 

in the City. 

Table 1. Water Use by Customer Type 

Water Use 

Type 

Actual 

(mg) 

Projected (mg) 

2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 

Single Family 240 299 317 320 328 

Multi-Family 31 40 42 42 43 

Commercial 55 77 82 82 84 

Agricultural Irrigation 30 40 43 43 44 

Other Potable (Fire) 6 3 3 3 3 

Industrial 7 9 10 10 10 

Apparent Losses 24 64 68 69 70 

Total 393 532 565 570 583 

Population 9,213 12,440 13,195 13,320 13,635 

City of Cloverdale Recycled Water Planning Program 

WaterSMART: Water Recycling and Desalination Planning Grant Page 2 
 

There are currently 3,329 municipal potable customer connections to the City’s water 

distribution system. All of the connections in the City’s system are metered, and it is 

anticipated that approximately 177 more connections will be added to the system by 2035. 

Most of the water demand is residential and accounts for approximately 69% of the total 

water demand. Commercial/industrial/institutional (CII) use consume about 17% of the 

system water supply. Agricultural use accounts for approximately 8 percent. 

Sewer Collection and Wastewater Services 

The City provides wastewater services to approximately 3,300 customers and maintains 

over 37 miles of wastewater mains and one lift station. The City must transport, store, 

and treat an average of approximately 192 million gallons (mg) of wastewater each year. 

The wastewater sewer system is comprised of approximately 32.3 miles of piping, one 

wastewater treatment facility (WWTF), and 850 manholes. Sewer pipes range in size from 

6 to 27 inches in diameter and are made from clay, concrete, ductile iron and polyvinyl 

chloride. The City operates one lift station at Shahan Drive and North Cloverdale 

Boulevard that serves about 50 homes. The lift station uses two three-horsepower pumps 

on a float system that can move 10,000 gallons of effluent per day under peak conditions. 

1.3.2 Goals and Objectives 

The goal of this proposed planning activity is to reduce the impacts of drought upon the 

City’s water supply by using recycled water to augment and offset potable water supplies 

for beneficial non-potable water uses. 

The objectives to achieve this goal include: 1) identify recycled water uses and users, 2) 

evaluate treatment alternatives, 3) identify environmental impacts, 4) engage 

stakeholders and the community, and 5) complete an economic analysis that includes 

energy efficiency. 

1.3.3 Detailed Scope of Work Approach 

The City of Cloverdale (City) wastewater treatment and disposal facilities have been 

designed to serve the incorporated community of Cloverdale. This city-owned wastewater 

treatment facility (WWTF) utilizes a biological treatment system with secondary treatment. 

The facility is designed for an average dry weather flow of 1.0 million gallons per day. The 

treatment plant facilities consist of headworks, aeration ponds, storage ponds, 

chlorination equipment, effluent pumping facilities and effluent outfall to seven on-site 

infiltration ponds. The WWTF is located on the western bank of the Russian River and all 

treatment facilities have been constructed above base-flood-elevation (BFE) that 

produces disinfected secondary wastewater and discharges treated wastewater to 

percolation ponds adjacent to the Russian River. 

City of Cloverdale Recycled Water Planning Program 

WaterSMART: Water Recycling and Desalination Planning Grant Page 3 
The City proposes to plan for and implement a recycled water project (Project) to improve 

its water supply resiliency. Under its planning effort, the City proposes to: 

 Prepare a Feasibility Study to evaluate the potential for implementation of a

recycled water project; 

 Prepare a basis of design and predesign report for a recycled water 

treatment and distribution system; and, 

 Conduct outreach and engage local and regional stakeholders. 

The City is interested in recycling its wastewater to beneficially reuse the water, provide 

a new water supply that will offset demands on the City’s potable water supply, and 

improve drought resiliency by offsetting water diversion from the drought-impacted 

Russian River. To maximize the opportunities for recycled water use within the City, the 

City would need to add treatment facilities to produce recycled water that meets the State 

of California’s requirements for disinfected tertiary recycled water (referred to in this 

proposal as recycled water) and install a distribution system that would deliver recycled 

water to customers for non-potable use. Possible recycled water use includes landscape 

irrigation, agricultural irrigation, construction use, fill stations, and other uses as approved 

in the State of California’s Title 22 regulations. 

Task 1: Feasibility Study 

The City will prepare a feasibility study to evaluate the potential for a recycled water 

project. The feasibility study will adhere to the Requirements for a Water Reclamation, 

Recycling or Desalination Feasibility Study Report per the Reclamation Manual Directives 

and Standards Title XVI Water Reclamation and Reuse Program and Desalination 

Construction Program Feasibility Study Review Process. The feasibility study will include 

the following: 

 Recycled water demand assessment. Potential use sites and their associated 

demands will be assessed. The assessment will focus on potential agricultural sites 

that may be interested in recycled water and existing and planned large landscape 

areas. 

 Distribution system alignment alternatives. Alternatives will be developed to target 

potential high recycled water use sites while optimizing the distribution system. A 

preliminary hydraulic assessment will be prepared for purposes of sizing the 

distribution system and identifying pumping and storage needs. 

 Recycled water treatment alternatives. New treatment system options will be 

identified that will meet filtration and disinfection requirements to meet Title 22. 

 Cost estimates for alternative treatment and distribution system options. The cost 

estimates will include construction, operations and maintenance, repair and 

replacement, and life-cycle costs. 

City of Cloverdale Recycled Water Planning Program 

WaterSMART: Water Recycling and Desalination Planning Grant Page 4 
 Economic analysis. The cost effectiveness of this project will be considered, along 

with the benefits that it provides. Possible funding options will be identified. 

 Environmental considerations and potential effects. The project’s potential impacts 

to the environment, endangered or threatened species, public health and safety, 

natural resources, regulated waters, or cultural resources will be discussed. 

 Legal and institutional requirements. Any legal or institutional requirements and 

challenges to implementing the project will be identified. 

 Financial capability of the City and project schedule. A schedule will be developed, 

along with the City’s plan for funding the project. The City’s willingness and intent 

for funding the construction and annual operation, maintenance, and replacement 

costs will be discussed. 

Task 2: Basis of Design/Predesign Report 

After completion of the feasibility study, the City plans to advance towards project 

implementation by preparing a Basis of Design and Predesign Report (Report). The 

conceptual project alternatives identified in the Feasibility Study will be considered in 

further detail to develop recycled water treatment and distribution system design and 

service criteria. This report will describe treatment and distribution system phasing. 

Regulatory and permitting requirements will be discussed in greater detail, and a refined 

implementation schedule will be developed. 

The Report is anticipated to provide sufficient detail to support future preparation of CEQA 

and NEPA assessments. The Report is expected to result in 25 percent design of both 

the recycled water treatment plant and the distribution systems, including pumping and 

storage facilities. 

Task 3: Outreach and Stakeholder Engagement 

The proposed project will require public outreach and stakeholder engagement to 

encourage support for implementation. The community that the City serves and the 

Russian River Watershed water users have been adversely affected by recent multi-year 

droughts, when curtailment of water supply have occurred. While this project presents 

water supply resiliency for the community and the region, it also comes with a financial 

burden and a new regulatory requirement inherent with this type of alternative water 

supply. Early outreach is necessary to educate the public and stakeholders, in the value 

of recycled water and its safety and reliability as a water supply. Acceptance of recycled 

water as another water supply is key to successful Project implementation. 

The City will prepare and distribute outreach materials, conduct public meetings, and 

meet with key stakeholders. Outreach will be conducted though the City’s website, its 

newsletter publication, at community events, and public meetings. City representatives 

anticipate meetings with key stakeholders, including anticipated users, resource 

agencies, environmental organizations, and tribes. 

City of Cloverdale Recycled Water Planning Program 

WaterSMART: Water Recycling and Desalination Planning Grant Page 5 
 

1.4 EVALUATION CRITERIA 

1.4.1 Evaluation Criterion 1 – Project Planning and Analysis 

Subcriterion No.1a-Water Recycling Needs and Opportunities 

1. Describe the problems and needs in the project area. 

The City of Cloverdale (City) has experienced severe drought impacts over the last 

several years, including the mandatory curtailment of the City’s water supply in 2021. On 

April 21, 2021, Governor Newsom declared a state of emergency in Mendocino and 

Sonoma counties due to dry conditions in the Russian River watershed. During the 

curtailment, the City was restricted to 55 gallons per capita per day (GPCD), well below 

the current water demand of 125 GPCD. The City was also required to provide monthly 

reports of water supply diversions due to drought conditions in the Russian River 

watershed. The City successfully petitioned to increase the limitation to 104 GPCD, 

however this curtailment still created an urgent need for the City to evaluate potential 

alternative sources of water beyond water conservation. Two-thirds of the 1,600 Russian 

River water right holders, including farmers, ranchers, vineyard operators, rural residents, 

and municipal suppliers were curtailed during the most recent drought. Had Lake 

Mendocino reached a lower emergency stage, more water would have been curtailed and 

the City would have been limited to only 55 GPCD. 

Prior to the 2021 curtailment, the City completed a Drought Risk Assessment in its 2020 

Urban Water Management Plan, which outlines the water shortage conditions that may 

be experienced over the next five years. In the assessment, the City estimated that it had 

sufficient water supplies even during dry conditions and only originally anticipated a 

shortfall of 10% of the City’s average water usage. Under such conditions, the City would 

implement Stage 1 of its Water Shortage Contingency Plan triggering increased water 

conservation by customers. If dry conditions were to become more severe and additional 

demand reductions were needed, the City has six total water shortage action levels. 

Based on the City’s pre-1914 water rights (i.e. the most senior of all water rights), the City 

did not anticipate needing to implement any water shortage stages beyond Stage 1. 

The City’s vulnerability to drought is expected to worsen due to climate change as the 

region continues to face historically low rainfall and water storage levels. The City has 

made great efforts to reduce its water use and demand. In 2020 alone, the City exceeded 

its target of 20% reduction in water use compared to use in 2019. However, the City could 

fall subject to another mandatory curtailment due to Sonoma County being currently 

classified as a D1 moderate drought (according to drought.gov) despite the record levels 

of rainfall in early 2023. 

The proposed Recycled Water Planning Program would be instrumental in combating the 

effects of drought and climate change by identifying the following: anticipated uses of 

City of Cloverdale Recycled Water Planning Program 

WaterSMART: Water Recycling and Desalination Planning Grant Page 6 
recycled water, potential recycled water use customers, and estimate demands for 

recycled water customers and future customers. Based on current and projected water 

use, an estimated 30 percent of the City’s water demands could be met with recycled 

water and, if recycled water is utilized, could significantly reduce the strain on the Russian 

River. This study is a necessary step for the City to protect the Russian River and improve 

drought resiliency by offsetting potable water use. 

2. Describe the current and projected water supplies and demands in the project 

area; include a discussion on supply and demand imbalances. 

The City of Cloverdale (City) diverts water from the Russian River using seven shallow 

wells along the west bank of the river near the City’s water treatment plant (WTP). Under 

ideal conditions, not all seven wells need to operate simultaneously to provide sufficient 

supply, allowing the wells to be rotated and their operational life extended. The City has 

also taken measures to reduce the maximum day demand by instituting water 

conservation measures during the peak water demand months and construction of 

additional well capacity to compensate for reduction in well yield in times of low flow. 

Reduced yield is not currently a serious threat to water supply. Flow in the Russian River 

is maintained by mandatory releases of water from Lake Mendocino. The City’s minimum 

available water supply is based on a combination of natural water flow and these 

mandated releases. As the flow is reduced, the City’s supply may become constrained. 

Extended drought conditions could affect flow, as could changes in PG&E’s Potter Valley 

Project (PVP), which is a hydroelectric project that diverts Eel River water into Lake 

Mendocino via the East Fork of the Russian River. As of early 2021, Lake Mendocino was 

projected to go dry in 20 percent of water years, with insufficient supplies to meet demand 

in the remaining 80 percent of water years. This supply insufficiency is because the lake 

does not have "carry over" storage and must rely on winter rains and PVP water to fill in 

the vast majority of years. During the summer of 2021, the City and 900 water right 

holders’ water supplies were curtailed until October 2021 when a significant amount of 

rainfall occurred. 

The Russian River has also been deemed an impaired water body due to excessive 

sedimentation and excessive temperature, but the impairments are not expected to have 

a major impact on the water quality for the City’s supply because of the treatment provided 

at the WTP. Despite the City’s successful implementation of water conservation programs 

such as the “Cash for Grass” rebate and high-efficiency fixture installation resulting in a 

25% reduction of the City’s potable water demands and Sonoma County’s urban 

conservation programs, some agricultural lands have had to be fallowed during periods 

of extended drought in order to preserve sufficient supply for the City. 

The City relies solely on the Russian River for its water supply and therefore may be 

subject to constraints due to climate change. As the City continues to grow, increased 

water usage will require increased water supply. Lower flows in the river due to climate 

City of Cloverdale Recycled Water Planning Program 

WaterSMART: Water Recycling and Desalination Planning Grant Page 7 
           

     

                                     

                             

                             

               

 

 

change can result in lower groundwater elevation and may limit the production capacity 

of the City’s wells. Although the City is likely to be able to meet demands due to its senior 

water rights, the changing climate and most recent droughts have shown that having 

senior water rights does not prevent water supplies from be curtailed.. The following water 

supply reliability table from the City’s UWMP predicts a 10% shortage during dry years, 

however this table may not accurately reflect future conditions based on recent climate 

impacts that occurred after the UWMP was created. 

Table 2: Water Supply Reliability Table 

Dry Year Supply and Demand Comparison

Year 202

5

203

0

203

5

2040

Water Supply (MG) 477 506 510 523

Water Demand

(MG)

532 565 570 583

Difference ‐55 ‐59 ‐60 ‐61

10% 10% 11% 10%

NOTE: Though the City can use its senior water right to supply water equal to its demand, it is

assumed that the City will reduce its supply during dry year conditions to support regional

supply reliability efforts. In order to eliminate the supply shortfall, the City will implement the

necessary stages of its Water Shortage Contingency Plan.

 Source: City of Cloverdale 2020 Urban Water Management Plan, Page LD-4. 

Recycled water will provide a new water supply to augment the City’s existing and 

projected water supply needs, reducing the need for new potable water wells and/or 

surface water diversions. The recycled water will also not further strain water supplies for 

the watershed and those reliant upon the watershed for their water supply. In fact, the 

percolation ponds may benefit the groundwater supply by recharging the groundwater 

basin. 

Subcriterion No.1b-Evaluation of Project Alternatives 

1. Describe the objectives that all alternatives will be designed to meet. What other 

water supply alternatives and project alternatives will be investigated? 

Influent flows from the collection system within the City are processed at the WWTF by 

passing through mechanical screens to remove solids from the waste stream. The 

wastewater then flows into the first of two aeration ponds. The first pond consists or 

equipment including air infusion through bubble diffusers. The wastewater then flows into 

the second aeration pond which contains six surface floating aerators. Combined, these 

City of Cloverdale Recycled Water Planning Program 

WaterSMART: Water Recycling and Desalination Planning Grant Page 8 
  

two ponds inject oxygen into the wastewater to aid in the biologic process of breaking 

down components of wastewater. From the second pond, water flows into a settling pond, 

which allows the heavier suspended solids to fall to the bottom of the pond. The 

wastewater is then transmitted to a chlorine contact point and then disbursed into one of 

seven possible percolation ponds. According to the City’s Sewer Master Plan, the WWTF 

has an average daily dry weather capacity of 1.0 million gallons per day (MGD), a peak 

dry weather capacity of 2.20 MGD and a peak wet weather capacity of 8.25 MGD. The 

current facility has demonstrated the ability to handle loads experienced in an average 

day scenario as well as a peak loading scenario. 

All of the alternatives will be designed to meet the following objectives: 

 Meet Title 22 standards for disinfected tertiary recycled water 

 Maximize the quantity of recycled water uses and users 

 Minimize environmental impacts 

 Gain support from stakeholders and the community at-large 

 Maximize cost effectiveness (while aiming to achieve maximum energy efficiency) 

To identify alternatives that meet these objectives, the following steps will be taken: 

 Evaluate recycled water treatment alternatives to investigate and evaluate new 

treatment system options that will meet filtration and disinfection requirements to 

meet Title 22 standards. 

 Develop distribution system alignment alternatives loped to target potential high 

recycled water use sites while optimizing the distribution system. A preliminary 

hydraulic assessment will be prepared for purposes of sizing the distribution system 

and identifying pumping and storage needs. 

 Assess recycled water demands and identify potential use sites. The assessment will 

focus on potential agricultural sites, existing and planned large landscape areas, 

commercial properties, right of ways, and filling stations. 

 Explore storage solutions and alternatives, including wetlands, to temporarily store 

tertiary effluent and recycled water storage tanks. 

2. Describe how the planning activities will develop project alternatives (water 

supply sources, reuse strategies, or treatment technologies) that have been or

will be investigated. 

The water supply source is the effluent from the WWTF. No other water sources will 

be explored. The Planning activities to develop the project alternatives will be as 

follows: 

City of Cloverdale Recycled Water Planning Program 

WaterSMART: Water Recycling and Desalination Planning Grant Page 9 
 

 Review and assess the existing treatment facilities and effluent quality, as well as 

previous reports to identify advanced treatment alternatives. 

 Identify preferred new wastewater treatment filtration and disinfection facilities 

and/or upgrade requirements for advanced wastewater treatment including energy 

efficiency upgrades including installation of renewable energy. 

 Develop water reuse strategies that includes public outreach and education, 

identification of recycled water users, and evaluation of groundwater recharge 

opportunities through pond percolation. 

 Develop a planning level conceptual cost estimate for each phase. These 

estimates will include construction, operation and maintenance, repair and 

replacement, and life-cycle costs. 

 Prepare schematic layout of proposed treatment facilities within the existing 

footprint of the WWTF. 

3. Provide a general description of the selected project, including project features, 

benefits, anticipated costs, and analyses conducted. 

This planning study will include a recycled water demand assessment to identify potential 

recycled water use sites and estimate demands. The assessment will focus on first 

identifying potential existing and future sites in the vicinity of the proposed recycled water 

storage and pumping facilities and then expanding into adjacent areas within City limits. 

The assessment will focus on potential agricultural sites where recycled water may be 

used for irrigation, existing large landscape areas that can be converted to irrigation with 

recycled water, and landscaping areas for future planned development where recycled 

water could be used for irrigation. Additional potential recycled water uses, such as 

cooling tower use and other industrial uses, will also be identified. 

The steps to complete this task include: 

i. Identify and map (using GIS) potential customers by confirming existing irrigation 

customers in the project area, reviewing the City’s planned development for the 

project area, and reviewing satellite images using Google maps. 

ii. Identify potential agricultural users. 

iii. Review three years of customer water use data and irrigation meter data from three 

years (2019-2021) for sites identified in this task. 

iv. Develop estimated outdoor water use for planned development. 

v. Estimate average recycled water demands for other uses that are identified. 

vi. Calculate peak delivery requirements. 

City of Cloverdale Recycled Water Planning Program 

WaterSMART: Water Recycling and Desalination Planning Grant Page 10 
vii. Evaluate energy efficiency and renewable energy upgrades to the WWTF, 

including but not limited to solar energy, battery back-up, and wind energy. 

4. Include a preliminary schedule showing major tasks, milestones, and dates for 

the planning, design, and construction activities related to the project. 

The following schedule shows the major tasks and milestones for the proposed planning 

program. The planning program does not include any construction or ground disturbing 

activities. 

Table 3. Preliminary Milestone Schedule 

Task Start Date End Date 

Task 1. Feasibility Study 8/1/2023 7/31/2024 

1.1: Draft Feasibility Study 8/1/2023 4/30/2024 

1.2: Final Feasibility Study 5/1/2024 7/31/2024 

Task 2. Basis of Design/Predesign Report 8/1/2024 10/1/2025 

Task 3. Stakeholder and Community

Engagement 

8/1/2023 10/1/2025 

1.4.2 Evaluation Criterion 2— Stretching Water Supplies 

1. Describe the potential for the project to reduce, postpone, or eliminate the 

development of new or expanded non-recycled water supplies. 

When the project is implemented, new commercial and industrial customers will have 

access to recycled water supply reducing their need for potable water for uses only 

requiring non-potable water. This planning Project will also evaluate use of recycled water 

filling stations to make recycled water available for customers in the City not connected 

to the recycled water system to further reduce the demand for potable water. 

The City’s WWTF has the potential to produce up to an estimated 260 acre-feet of 

recycled water per year, which would offset potable water use by an equivalent amount. 

This amount was calculated based on the average WWTF influent during the dry season, 

which is 400,000 gallons per day for 6 months. The feasibility study will evaluate tertiary 

treatment operations and adjust to support potential users to maximize the number of 

recycled water users and uses such that the demand for potable water can be reduced 

to the greatest possible extent. 

City of Cloverdale Recycled Water Planning Program 

WaterSMART: Water Recycling and Desalination Planning Grant Page 11 
3. Describe the potential for the project to alleviate pressure on existing water 

supplies and/or facilities. Please describe the existing water supplies, identify 

the supplies and/or facilities that will be impacted and explain how they will be

impacted by the Project, including quantifications where applicable. 

The City of Cloverdale’s primary source of water is groundwater under the direct influence 

of surface water from the Russian River. Flow in the Russian River is maintained by 

mandatory releases of water from Lake Mendocino as part of fisheries maintenance. 

Discharges into Lake Mendocino via an inter-basin diversion, the Potter Valley Project 

(PVP), continue to decline due to climate change (Jasperse et al, 2020) and change in 

ownership in the PVP. Currently, releases from Lake Mendocino into the Russian River 

are required to achieve a flow of 125 cubic feet per second (cfs) in an average year or 75 

cfs in a dry year (Jasperse et al, 2020). The City owns and operates a wastewater 

treatment facility (WWTF) that produces disinfected secondary wastewater and 

discharges the treated effluent to percolation ponds located adjacent to the Russian 

River. Since there is currently no recycled water use within the City’s service area, the 

City’s total water demands are equal to the potable and raw water demands. The City 

does not currently purchase or import water and has no plans to do so in the future. This 

planning program will help alleviate demand on the Russian River by utilizing recycled 

water in lieu of potable City water for irrigation of large, landscaped areas and agricultural 

lands. With the WWTF’s potential to produce up to an estimated 260 acre-feet of recycled 

water per year, demands on the Russian River would be reduced by an equivalent 

amount. 

4. Describe the potential for the project to make water available to address a 

specific concern. Explain the specific concern and its severity. Also explain the 

role of the project being investigated in addressing that concern and the extent 

to which the project will address it. 

The current climate changes causing increased temperature, longer drought conditions, 

and smaller snowpacks are increasing the occurrence of wildfires in California, which 

increases the need for water to attack fires in the region. The proposed Project promotes 

the use of recycled water for the irrigation of agricultural and landscaped areas, which in 

turn will increase the amount of water available for fireflow to support wildfire suppression. 

Water supply shortage – The changing climate is resulting in longer and more severe 

drought conditions. Warming temperatures increase the severity of California’s natural 

drought cycle, which most greatly impacts areas that depend on surface water flows 

(California Natural Resources Agency, et. al, 2020). The 2020 Water Resilience Portfolio 

stated historical hydrological patterns can no longer serve water managers as a 

trustworthy guide around which to plan, and climate science and projections have become 

City of Cloverdale Recycled Water Planning Program 

WaterSMART: Water Recycling and Desalination Planning Grant Page 12 
increasingly important. Future conditions will continue to change and require ongoing 

adjustment and adaptation of water management (California Natural Resources Agency, 

et. al, 2020). A 2018 USGS study characterizing drought in the Russian River Watershed 

concluded that, despite the previous drought ending in the 2016-17 water year when 

reservoirs were full throughout the state, additional water supply and landscape 

replenishment of up to three average years of precipitation was needed to return to 

normal, non-drought conditions. 

This reality became very apparent in 2021 when the State of California issued a 

curtailment mandate upon the City of Cloverdale (City) to limit water demands to no more 

than 55 gallons per capita, per day (GPCD), despite having pre-1914 water rights that the 

City previously thought ensured that such a curtailment would not occur. As mentioned 

previously, the City was able to petition and receive approval to increase this limitation to 

104 GPCD to meet minimum public health and safety needs. The 104 GPCD represents 

a 14% reduction from the average water use in 2020, and a 35% reduction from 2019 

water use. The UWMP was written based on data from 2015-2019 and did not anticipate 

such a severe drought that would result in the City’s water supply being curtailed. The 

proposed recycled water planning program will result in an estimated reduction in potable 

water use by 30% when fully implemented. The future implementation of this new water 

supply will reduce demand for potable water and provide a new water source for 

agricultural users, who are frequently the first to have their water supplies curtailed. 

Heightened Competition for Water Supplies – The Russian River Watershed extends 128 

miles with a total area of 1,485 square miles. This watershed provides water to 400,000 

people located in the counties of Sonoma and Mendocino, along with many parks, 

vineyards, dairies, and natural habitats. The Russian River is the primary source of 

drinking water for the region, including areas beyond the watershed, such as Petaluma 

and Sonoma Valley, which are served by the Sonoma County Water Agency aqueduct. 

In addition to surface water resources, the watershed encompasses nine groundwater 

basins. Both flood control and water supply goals are met by the watershed's 60 Staterecognized dams. Furthermore, the Russian River is the second largest river in the 

greater San Francisco Bay Area, and it supports several threatened and endangered 

animal species and approximately 30 threatened and endangered plant species. In 

response to emergency drought conditions persisting throughout the Russian River 

watershed, and insufficient supply to meet the needs of all water right holders, the State 

Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) issued “Notices of Unavailability” to water right 

holder in the watershed and curtailed water diversions for junior water right holders on 

May 25, 2021. Under the California priority-based water rights system, if there is 

insufficient water supply to support all water rights, junior water right holders with rights 

secured post-1914 are ordered to limit or stop their water diversion first. In July 2021, 

water right holders with pre-1914 water rights, such as the City, were also curtailed. 

City of Cloverdale Recycled Water Planning Program 

WaterSMART: Water Recycling and Desalination Planning Grant Page 13 
Availability of alternative supplies – The City does not have any alternative water supplies. 

Water Supply Reliability – Historically, the City has not had concerns over water supply 

reliability given its senior water rights and the historically available water supplies from 

the Russian River Watershed. The changing climate, resulting in more severe and 

persistent drought conditions, has caused a deficit in the water supplies in the watershed, 

as determined by the USGS as discussed previously. The City does not have 

interconnections with other water suppliers and has already successfully reduced water 

demands by 20% through water conservation rebate programs. The 2021 curtailment is 

a primary reason the City is interested in completing planning activities (i.e. laying the 

foundation for the design and construction of upgrading the City’s WWTF and creating a 

recycled water distribution system) that will lead to a recycled water supply and, thereby, 

improve water supply reliability. 

The recycled water planning program will identify future recycled water uses and users, 

which will reduce competition for water supplies during future droughts that are 

anticipated to continue to impact the City’s and watershed’s water supplies. 

5. Describe the potential for the project to help create additional flexibility to 

address drought. Will water made available by the project being investigated 

continue to be available during periods of drought? To what extent is the water 

made available by the project being investigated more drought resistant than

alternative water supply options? Explain. 

Increasing impacts from longer and more severe droughts due to climate change further 

threaten the river ecosystem, as well as the economic viability of the region and health 

and safety of communities dependent on the river. On April 21, 2021, Governor Newsom 

declared a drought emergency in Sonoma County due to dry conditions in the Russian 

River watershed. Water shortages are requiring many communities to curtail their 

withdrawals from the river to conserve reduced river volumes. Additionally, wildfire threats 

further stress the City’s water supply, a significant source of water for firefighting in the 

region. These conditions are expected to worsen as climate change impacts increase. 

The benefits associated with the recycled water project will be further explored during the 

proposed planning scope once grant funds are secured. The primary benefit will be the 

reduction in raw water being extracted from the Russian River Watershed allowing greater 

volumes of water to remain in-stream which will offer the Russian River Watershed 

greater flexibility to provide habitat benefits and/or make additional water available for 

other water right holders. 

The City’s WWTF has the potential to produce up to an estimated 260 acre-feet of 

recycled water per year, based on the historic average WWTF influent during the dry 

season of 400,000 gallons per day. There is a possibility that influent to the WWTF may 

be reduced as indoor water conservation occurs during periods of extended drought. If 

City of Cloverdale Recycled Water Planning Program 

WaterSMART: Water Recycling and Desalination Planning Grant Page 14 
the influent to the WWTF is reduced, then the quantity of recycled water the City can 

produce and distribute will be reduced accordingly. 

1.4.3 Evaluation Criterion 3 - Environment and Water Quality 

1. Describe the potential for the project to improve the quality of surface water or 

groundwater.

Increased temperatures due to warming climates and lower water levels may have a 

negative impact on water quality because of warmer temperatures and fewer winter nights 

with freezing conditions. Less freezing and colder temperatures may result in less natural 

control of agricultural pests and disease vectors, which in turn effects agricultural 

practices. 

Using recycled water to augment water supplies for the City and providing an alternative 

water supply to growers in the summer months improves surface water quality in the 

Russian River by reducing the need for commercial fertilizers and pesticides by 

agricultural users. The use of recycled water will also reduce concentrations of 

contaminants by increasing the quantity of both groundwater and surface water by 

offsetting potable water demands from these sources. 

2. Describe the potential for the project to improve effluent quality beyond levels 

necessary to meet State or Federal discharge requirements. 

By upgrading the City’s WWTF from a disinfected secondary to a disinfected tertiary level, 

nutrient removal will occur which will help reduce nitrogen loading into the City’s effluent 

discharge ponds. While the current WWTF meets State and Federal discharge 

requirements, the new WWTF effluent will have improved water quality which will exceed 

existing discharge requirements. Additional treatment processes at the WWTF may 

include microfiltration, sand filtration, membrane bioreactors (MBR), cloth disc filters, 

and/or UV disinfection. The City’s current NPDES permit does not allow discharge to the 

Russian River, however with this added level of treatment the City would be permitted to 

discharge to the Russian River. In 2017, storms came close to causing a breach of ponds 

to discharge secondary treated wastewater to the river. There is a continued and 

increasing risk of these discharge ponds spilling over to the river during storm events. 

Once the WWTF is producing tertiary treated water, the water quality concern of the 

WWTF effluent reaching the Russian River will be alleviated. 

3. Describe the potential for the project to improve flow conditions in a natural 

stream channel. 

The future implementation project may improve instream flow conditions in the Russian 

River by reducing the amount of water drawn from the Watershed system. A reduction in 

City of Cloverdale Recycled Water Planning Program 

WaterSMART: Water Recycling and Desalination Planning Grant Page 15 
the quantity of water diverted leads to changes to upstream reservoir releases in order to 

ensure adequate cold water baseflows in the river to support anadromous fish habitat. 

4. Describe the potential for the project to restore or enhance habitat for non-listed 

fish and wildlife species. 

Increased water quantities that will remain in the Russian River as a result of the Project 

will provide additional flows for aquatic species and migrating birds. 

Sonoma County is a rest stop for over 300 species of migrating birds. This is due to its 

central location in one of the busiest traditional migratory flight paths, the Pacific Flyway. 

Each year, at least a billion birds pass through this flyway, but this number is only a 

fraction of what it was a decade ago. Habitat loss, water shortages and climate change 

all threaten the birds of the Pacific Flyway. Based on a study by Audubon, a National 

Society that protects birds and their habitats, there are currently 31 high vulnerability 

species that spend the winter in Sonoma County. 

5. Describe the potential for the project to provide water or habitat for federally 

listed threatened or endangered species. 

The Russian River supports threatened and endangered salmon species, including 

Chinook, Coho, and Steelhead, as well as the endangered California tiger salamander, 

California red-legged frog, Baker's larkspur, marbled murrelet, northern spotted owl, and 

approximately 30 threatened and endangered plant species. Portions of the watershed 

are impaired by sediment, phosphorus, mercury, pathogens, high water temperature, and 

inadequate dissolved oxygen. Concentrations of these contaminants will be reduced, and 

temperature levels decreased as water volumes are increased by using the recycled 

water to augment water supplies for the City and agricultural users. 

The Recycled Water Planning Program has the potential to enhance the Russian River 

watershed and protect the threatened and endangered species it supports by alleviating 

water demand from the Russian River– list above mentioned endangered and threatened 

species. 

1.4.4 Evaluation Criterion 4— Department of the Interior Priorities 

1. Climate Change 

Please describe how the project will address climate change, including the 

following: 

 Please provide specific details and examples on how the project will address 

the impacts of climate change and help combat the climate crisis. 

The Recycled Water Feasibility study will address several impacts of climate change, 

including: water shortages, drought, wildfires, and a threatened river ecosystem. The City 

City of Cloverdale Recycled Water Planning Program 

WaterSMART: Water Recycling and Desalination Planning Grant Page 16 
 

of Cloverdale and Sonoma County have experienced a severe multi-year drought with 

two years of very low rainfall and reservoirs rapidly diminishing. The benefits of this 

feasibility study include improving drought and wildfire resiliency through offsetting 

potable water use and groundwater pumping. By implementing recycled water program, 

the City and surrounding areas will reduce reliance on the Russian River, which has 

suffered in recent years from abnormally dry conditions. 

 Does this proposed project strengthen water supply sustainability to increase 

resilience to climate change? 

Yes. The proposed project will focus on agricultural sites that may be interested in utilizing 

recycled water, as well as large, landscaped areas that can be converted to recycled 

water irrigation. This shift to recycled water use will conserve potable water, reduce 

demands from the Russian River and support water supply sustainability in the region to 

increase resilience to climate change. 

 Does the proposed project contribute to climate change resiliency in other 

ways not described above?

Yes. The City and surrounding areas are vulnerable to wildfires. Sonoma County has 

been burned by five major fires in the last decade while drought conditions also continue 

to worsen. A wildfire in the Russian River Watershed would greatly impact Russian River 

water quality and could also be detrimental to critical infrastructure. This project would 

contribute to climate change resiliency by making offset potable water available for 

firefighting support for local fire departments as well as Cal Fire in the surrounding region. 

 Disadvantaged or Underserved Communities: 

o Will the proposed project serve or benefit a disadvantaged or historically

underserved community?

28 percent of the City’s population meets the definition of a disadvantaged 

community, based on having a median household income (MHI) less than 80 

percent of the average California MHI. 

o Please describe in detail how the community is disadvantaged based on

a combination of variables 

Social Vulnerability refers to a community’s capacity to respond when confronted by 

hazardous events ranging from natural to human caused disasters. The CDC/Agency for 

Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) Social Vulnerability Index Map depicts 

the overall Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) score, Socioeconomic Status, Household 

Characteristics, Racial and Ethnic Minority Status, and Housing Type & Transportation 

score. The overall SVI score is a result of sixteen census-derived factors. These factors 

are summarized in the table below for the City to provide a comprehensive assessment 

of the City’s disadvantaged/social vulnerability status. Overall the City has a high level of 

vulnerability based on its SVI score. 

City of Cloverdale Recycled Water Planning Program 

WaterSMART: Water Recycling and Desalination Planning Grant Page 17 
 

Table 4: CDC/ATSDR Social Vulnerability Index Nationwide Comparison 2020 

SVI Theme Level of Vulnerability 

Overall SVI Score 0.8601 - High Level 

Socioeconomic Status Score 0.7129 - Medium to High Level 

Household Characteristics Score 0.7388 - Medium to High Level 

Racial & Ethnic Minority Score 0.6381 - Medium to High Level 

Housing Type & Transportation 0.955 - High Level 

Source: CDC/ATSDR Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) | Place and Health | ATSDR 

2. Tribal Benefits: 

 Does the proposed project directly serve and/or benefit a Tribe?

Yes, the proposed planning project directly serves and benefits the Cloverdale 

Rancheria of Pomo Indians of California, a federally recognized tribe of Pomo Indians 

in California. The Cloverdale Rancheria (Tribe) is a democratic, self-governing Tribe 

with nearly 500 members residing within the City of Cloverdale. 

 Will the project improve water management for an Indian Tribe? 

Yes, the primary purpose of these planning activities is to improve water 

management of the City’s water supplies. The Tribe will benefit from these actions 

and the future implementation project as recipients of water and future recycled water 

from the City. 

 Does the proposed project support Tribal resilience to climate change and 

drought impacts or provide other Tribal benefits such as improved public

health and safety by addressing water quality, new water supplies, or economic 

growth opportunities? Yes. The Cloverdale Rancheria is in the process of planning 

the development of a destination resort, convention center, and casino in the 

southern portion of the City service area. The planning scope of work will include 

investigation of conveying recycled water to the future resort and casino for 

landscape irrigation. This new water supply will promote the economic growth 

opportunities for the Tribe by offsetting the use of potable water supplies for 

agricultural and landscape irrigation throughout the City’s service area and by 

providing a less expensive source of water for their non-potable use. 

City of Cloverdale Recycled Water Planning Program 

WaterSMART: Water Recycling and Desalination Planning Grant Page 18 
 

1.4.5 Evaluation Criterion 5 — Watershed Perspective and Stakeholder 

Involvement 

1. Will the proposed project implement a regional or state water plan or an 

integrated resource management plan? Explain. 

Yes, this project will implement the Sustainability Outlook Pilot Project: Russian River 

Watershed. This study was established by the California Department of Water Resources 

(DWR) to explore how water resources management concepts described in the California 

Water Plan Update 2018 (Update 2018) could be applied at the system scale for the 

Russian River. The goal of this study was to identity and promote changes that would 

enable integrated projects with multiple benefits that would increase sustainability and 

resiliency of the Russian River. 

The state’s Recycled Water Policy (2013) supports increased capture and use of recycled 

water from municipal wastewater sources that meets the definition in Water Code Section 

13050(n): “Recycled water” means water which, as a result of treatment of waste, is 

suitable for a direct beneficial use or a controlled use that would not otherwise occur and 

is therefore considered a valuable resource.” 

Regionally, this recycled water planning project supports the following 2020 North Coast 

Resource Partnership Plan, Phase IV Goals: 

Goal #2 – Ecosystem Conservation and Enhancement, Objective 6 by enhancing 

watershed functions. 

Goal #4 – Beneficial Uses of Water, Objectives 8 and 10, by ensuring water supply 

reliability and minimizing impacts to sensitive resources and protecting groundwater 

resources from over-drafting, respectively. 

Goal #5 – Climate Adaptation & Energy Independence, Objective 11 by addressing 

climate change effects and vulnerabilities to the water supply caused by drought. 

2. Will the proposed project help meet the water supply needs of a large 

geographic area, region, or watershed? Explain. 

The Russian River Watershed supports 400,000 people, vineyards, tribes, farmers, 

businesses, recreation, and habitats as discussed in previous sections. The City of 

Cloverdale has senior water rights to the water from the watershed; therefore, actions to 

reduce demands for this water supply increases the amount of water available for other 

water right holders in the watershed and is particularly beneficial to junior water right 

holders who are the first to have water supplies curtailed during drought conditions. 

City of Cloverdale Recycled Water Planning Program 

WaterSMART: Water Recycling and Desalination Planning Grant Page 19 
 

3. Will the proposed project promote collaborative partnerships to address waterrelated issues? Explain. Describe stakeholder involvement in the project 

planning process. 

Public perception of recycled water is one of the main barriers communities face 

when attempting to implement a reuse project. To help overcome this barrier, 

effective public education and outreach communication materials are 

essential. The City will be responsible for implementing the Project and will engage 

stakeholders via outreach during the Project and/or as part of outreach sharing the Project 

results. Stakeholder organizations include the Russian River Watershed Association, 

representing the following member agencies: City of Cloverdale, City of Cotati, City of 

Healdsburg, City of Santa Rosa, City of Sebastopol, City of Ukiah, County of Mendocino, 

County of Sonoma, Sonoma County Water Agency and the Town of Windsor; Resilient 

Cloverdale, CloveReady and the Cloverdale Chamber of Commerce. The City will also 

conduct phone meetings with potential recycled water customers to gage interest in 

recycled water use and will meet in-person with potential customers to discuss recycled 

water interest. 

The City’s outreach will include the development of materials and an outreach plan to 

provide the public information about the safety of recycled water and educate the 

community about how water reuse supports climate adaptation, water supply resiliency 

and benefits the Russian River Watershed. 

City of Cloverdale Recycled Water Planning Program 

WaterSMART: Water Recycling and Desalination Planning Grant Page 20 
2 PROJECT    BUDGET 

2.1 Funding Plan and Letters of Commitment 

No other federal funds have been received as of the date of this proposal. 

The City is also pursuing grant funds from the State of California Water Recycling 

Feasibility Planning Grant Program. When secured, these funds will be used to pay for 

the non-federal cost share. If the City does not receive the state grant funds and/or the 

non-federal cost share exceeds the state funds awarded, the City will provide the 

additional cost share using wastewater and/or water enterprise funds. 

Table 1: Summary of Non-Federal and Federal Funding Sources 

 Funding Source Amount 

Non-Federal Entities 

1. California Water Recycling Planning Grant $500,000 

2. City of Cloverdale $ 77,500 

3. Other 0 

Non-Federal Subtotal $577,500 

REQUESTED Reclamation Funding $577,500 

Table 2: Total Project Cost Table 

 SOURCE AMOUNT 

Costs to be reimbursed with the requested Federal Funding $577,500 

Costs to be paid by the applicant $ 77,500 

Other: State Grant Funds $500,000 

Non-Federal Subtotal $577,500 

TOTAL PROJECT FUNDING $1,155,000 

City of Cloverdale Recycled Water Planning Program 

WaterSMART: Water Recycling and Desalination Planning Grant Page 21 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2.2 Budget Proposal 

BUDGET ITEM DESCRIPTION COMPUTATION TOTAL COST 

$/Unit QTY 

Salaries and Wages 

N/A 

Fringe Benefits 

N/A 

Travel 

N/A 

Equipment 

N/A 

Supplies and Materials 

N/A 

Contractual/Construction 

Feasibility Study LS 1 $275,000 

Basis of Design/Predesign – Treatment 

Plant Upgrade 

LS 1 $600,000 

Basis of Design/Predesign – Pipeline LS 1 $130,000 

Public Outreach/Stakeholder Engagement LS 1 $ 50,000 

Grant Administration LS 1 $ 100,000 

Other Expense: 

N/A 

Total Direct Costs $1,155,000 

Indirect Costs: 0 

TOTAL ESTIMATED PROJECT COSTS $1,155,000 

2.3 Budget Narrative 

See Attachment B for the Budget Narrative. 

City of Cloverdale Recycled Water Planning Program 

WaterSMART: Water Recycling and Desalination Planning Grant Page 22 
3 ENVIRONMENTAL         AND CULTURAL RESOURCES COMPLIANCE   

Will the proposed project impact the surrounding environment (e.g., soil [dust], air, 

water [quality and quantity], animal habitat)? Please briefly describe all earthdisturbing work and any work that will affect the air, water, or animal habitat in the 

project area. Please also explain the impacts of such work on the surrounding 

environment and any steps that could be taken to minimize the impacts. 

The proposed project is a planning effort to evaluate and determine the feasibility of 

upgrading the existing wastewater treatment facility to treat effluent to Title 23 regulations 

for a new recycled water supply, identify recycled water uses and users, and develop 

conceptual design and cost estimates for the future construction of such treatment works 

and conveyance pipelines. The City is requesting funding for this planning effort that will 

also include completing a CEQA and NEPA environmental review in preparation for the 

future construction project. 

No known impacts to air quality, animal habitat, water quality, or biological resources are 

related to the proposed activities, and no ground disturbing activities will be conducted. 

Are you aware of any species listed or proposed to be listed as a Federal threatened 

or endangered species, or designated critical habitat in the project area? If so, 

would they be affected by any activities associated with the proposed project? 

No, it is not anticipated that any species would be affected by any activities associated 

with the proposed project. 

Are there wetlands or other surface waters inside the project boundaries that 

potentially fall under Clean Water Act (CWA) jurisdiction as “Waters of the United 

States?” If so, please describe and estimate any impacts the proposed project may 

have. 

The Russian River is located within the project boundaries and adjacent to the existing 

wastewater treatment facilities. The planning project will assess potential impacts 

associated with a future construction project and define mitigation actions. 

When was the water delivery system constructed? 

The wastewater treatment plant was built in 1996. 

There currently are no recycled water pipelines that have been constructed. 

Will the proposed project result in any modification of or effects to, individual 

features of an irrigation system (e.g., headgates, canals, or flumes)? If so, state 

City of Cloverdale Recycled Water Planning Program 

WaterSMART: Water Recycling and Desalination Planning Grant Page 23 
when those features were constructed and describe the nature and timing of any 

extensive alterations or modifications to those features completed previously. 

No, the project will not result in any modifications or effects to individual features of an 

irrigation system with headgates, canals, or flumes. 

Are any buildings, structures, or features in the irrigation district listed or eligible 

for listing on the National Register of Historic Places? A cultural resources 

specialist at your local Reclamation office or the State Historic Preservation Office 

can assist in answering this question. 

No buildings, structures, or features associated with the proposed project are listed or 

eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places. 

Are there any known archaeological sites in the proposed project area? 

There are no known archaeological sites that would be affected by the proposed project. 

However, this planning project will assess potential impacts associated with a future 

construction project and define mitigation actions. 

Will the proposed project have a disproportionately high and adverse effect on low 

income or minority populations? 

The proposed project will have no impact on low or minority populations. The future 

construction project is intended to offer customers, recycled water as an alternative to 

offset potable water demands and provide a reliable, sustainable water supply to support 

agricultural use. 

The future implementation project will benefit all populations, with the greatest benefit to 

low/fixed income or minority populations, by improving water management and reducing 

water waste, which reduces the need for the City to seek more water supplies. 

Will the proposed project limit access to and ceremonial use of Indian sacred sites 

or result in other impacts on tribal lands? 

The proposed project will not limit access to, or ceremonial use of Indian sacred sites or 

result in other impacts on tribal lands as the infrastructure to be improved are not located 

within such areas. 

Will the proposed project contribute to the introduction, continued existence, or 

spread of noxious weeds or non-native invasive species known to occur in the 

area? 

No, the proposed future construction project will specifically prohibit the use of invasive 

species for any landscape improvements and/or restoration associated with construction. 

City of Cloverdale Recycled Water Planning Program 

WaterSMART: Water Recycling and Desalination Planning Grant Page 24 
       

     

           

       

  

4 Required Permits or Approvals 

No permits or approvals from outside agencies are required for the proposed planning 

project. Permits for the future construction project will be identified under the proposed 

project scope of work. 

The City has selected and approved a contract for an engineering firm to develop the 

Recycled Water Planning Program upon receipt of grant funds. 

5 Letters of Support 

Letters of Support from the following organizations are included under Appendix A. 

 Russian River Watershed Association representing seven cities located in the 

counties of Mendocino and Sonoma, plus the Sonoma County Water Agency and 

the counties of Mendocino and Sonoma. 

 Cloverdale Chamber of Commerce and Resilient Cloverdale representing the 

businesses and community organizations within the City of Cloverdale. 

6 Overlap or Duplication of Effort Statement 

This funding request will support the completion of a recycled water planning program 

that will assess the feasibility, cost effectiveness, and complete the basis of design for the 

future upgrade of the City’s existing WWTF to treat wastewater to Title 22 standards and 

determine preliminary pipeline alignment alternatives. The Federal funds, if awarded, will 

not duplicate other federal grant funds received in the past or by the City of Cloverdale. 

The City is also pursuing grant funds from the State of California Water Recycling 

Feasibility Planning Grant Program. When secured, these funds will be used to pay for 

the non-federal cost share. If the City does not receive the state grant funds and/or the 

non-federal cost share exceeds the state funds awarded, the City will provide the 

additional cost share using wastewater enterprise funds. 

7 Conflict of Interest Disclosure 

The City of Cloverdale is not aware of any potential conflict of interest associated with this 

funding request or for the proposed project. 

8 Official Resolution 

The resolution will be presented to the City of Cloverdale City Council on March 8, 2023, 

authorizing the city manager to submit grant applications and execute an agreement with 

Reclamation for the implement of the proposed project. The resolution agrees to use the 

City of Cloverdale Recycled Water Planning Program 

WaterSMART: Water Recycling and Desalination Planning Grant Page 25 
 

funds identified in this funding plan for the proposed project. The adopted resolution will 

be submitted to USBR within 60 days. 

City of Cloverdale Recycled Water Planning Program 

WaterSMART: Water Recycling and Desalination Planning Grant Page 26 
9 Sam.gov     Registration 

The Sam.gov Registration status is active with an expiration date of August 3, 2023. The 

city will continue to update and main an active registration status. See enclosed 

verification of the City’s registration status. 

City of Cloverdale Recycled Water Planning Program 

WaterSMART: Water Recycling and Desalination Planning Grant Page 27 
Last updated by Susan Holmes on Aug 03, 2022 at 05:25 PM CLOVERDALE, CITY OF 

CLOVERDALE, CITY OF 

Unique Entity ID 

W27VRJGLG3S8 

CAGE / NCAGE 

5EME8 

Purpose of Registration 

All Awards 

Registration Status 

Active Registration 

Expiration Date 

Aug 3, 2023 

Physical Address 

124 N Cloverdale BLVD 

Cloverdale, California 95425-3352 

United States 

Mailing Address 

112 Broad ST 

Cloverdale, California 95425-3313 

United States 

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Registration Dates 

Activation Date 

Aug 5, 2022 

Submission Date 

Aug 3, 2022 

Initial Registration Date 

Apr 15, 2009 

Entity Dates 

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May 7, 1866 

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sent to USAspending.gov for display in association with an eligible award. Maintaining an active registration in SAM demonstrates the registrant 

responded to the questions. 

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or 2. C.F.R. 200 Appendix XII. Their responses are displayed in the responsibility/qualification section of SAM.gov. Maintaining an active 

registration in SAM.gov demonstrates the registrant responded to the proceedings questions. 

Exclusion Summary 

Active Exclusions Records? 

No 

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I authorize my entity's non-sensitive information to be displayed in SAM public search results: 

Yes 

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Socio-Economic Types 

Check the registrant's Reps & Certs, if present, under FAR 52.212-3 or FAR 52.219-1 to determine if the entity is an SBA-certified HUBZone small 

business concern. Additional small business information may be found in the SBA's Dynamic Small Business Search if the entity completed the 

SBA supplemental pages during registration. 

Government Types 

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No No 

EFT Indicator CAGE Code 

0000 5EME8 

Points of Contact 

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124 N Cloverdale Bl 

Susie Holmes, Finance Director Cloverdale, California 95425 

United States 

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112 Broad ST. 

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Chris Parker, SERGEANT Cloverdale, California 95425 

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488119 Other Airport Operations 

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10 References 

“2020 Urban Water Management Plan,” City of Cloverdale, adopted 2021. 

Jasperse, J., Ralph, F. M., Anderson, M., Brekke, L., Malasavage, N., Dettinger, M. D., 

Forbis, J., Fuller, J., Talbot, C., Webb, R., & Haynes, A. “Lake Mendocino Forecast 

Informed Reservoir Operations Final Viability Assessment”. UC San Diego. December 

2020. 

Richards, David. (2021). Does Nutrient-Rich Effluent from Wastewater Treatment 

Facilities Improve Food Resources for Migratory Birds in Farmington Bay Wetlands, Great 

Salt Lake?. 10.13140/RG.2.2.12435.35364. 

“How Climate Change Will Affect Birds in Your Area.” Audubon, 

www.audubon.org/climate/survivalbydegress/county?zipcode=95425. 

City of Coverdale Sewer System Master Plan Update, June 2009 

“North Coast Resource Partnership Plan, Phase IV”. North Coast Resource Partnership, 

January 2020. 

City of Cloverdale Recycled Water Planning Program 

WaterSMART: Water Recycling and Desalination Planning Grant Page 30 
           

 

Attachment A – Project Location Map 

City of Cloverdale Recycled Water Planning Program 

WaterSMART: Water Recycling and Desalination Planning Grant Page 31 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U TPTWW

Census Tract 1541, Sonoma County, California

2020 National Overall Social Vulnerability Index:

0.3537 

Census Tract 1542.01, Sonoma County, California

2020 National Overall Social Vulnerability Index:

0.8601 

Census Tract 1542.02, Sonoma County, California

2020 National Overall Social Vulnerability Index:

0.4918 

WEST YOST - N:\Clients\495 City of Cloverdale\60-22-07 RW Feasibility Study\GIS\MXD\DACmap_Cloverdale.mxd - nthompson - 2/27/2023 

Prepared by: Prepared for:

0 1,500 3,000

Feet 

City of Cloverdale

USBR Funding Application 

UT C 

City Limits 

WWTP loverdale Wastewater Treatment Plant 

Sphere of Influence 

Level of Vulnerability 

Low (Below 25th percentile) 

Low-Medium (25th to 50th percentile) 

Medium-High (50th to 75th percentile) 

High (75th to 100th percentile) 

Notes:

1. Social Vulnerability is a community or census tract's ability to prevent 

human suffering and financial loss in a disaster. The Social Vulnerability Index (SVI)

compares the social vulnerability of a census tract to all tracts in the U.S using a 

percentile ranking from 0 to 1. 

2. A percentile ranking represents the proportion of tracts (or counties) that are equal

to or lower than a tract (or county) of interest in terms of social vulnerability. 

Data is classified into quartiles from lowest to highest social vulnerability. 

3. SVI Data Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Agency for Toxic

Substances and Disease Registry/Geospatial Research, Analysis, and Services Program. 

CDC/ATSDR Social Vulnerability Index Interactive Map 2020 Database US. 

4. City boundary source: City of Santa Rosa GIS Online Viewer. 

Social Vulnerability Index 

for City of Cloverdale 

Figure 1: Project Location Map
        

 

Appendix A: Letters of Support 

City of Cloverdale Recycled Water Planning Program 

WaterSMART: Water Recycling and Desalination Planning Grant Page 33 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Andy Rodgers, Executive Director

Russian River Watershed Association 

February 27, 2023 SENT VIA: EMAIL 

WaterSMART: Water Recycling and Desalination Planning Grant Program 

US Bureau of Reclamation Financial Assistance Division 

Jim Keiffer, Division Manager

bor-sha-fafoa@usbr.gov 

SUBJECT: Support for the City of Cloverdale’s Recycled Water Planning Program 

Dear Grant Program Review Committee: 

Serving as Executive Director for the Russian River Watershed Association 

(RRWA), I am writing to express my enthusiastic support of the application 

submitted by the City of Cloverdale to the US Bureau of Reclamation for the 

Recycled Water Planning Program.

The RRWA is a coalition of ten public agencies in Sonoma and Mendocino Counties that

have come together to coordinate regional programs in the Russian River Watershed 

for clean water, habitat restoration, and watershed enhancement. The RRWA provides 

support to communities throughout the watershed and works to enhance awareness 

of special studies and water resource programs funded through grants. 

This planning program is the necessary next step for the City of Cloverdale to

implement advanced wastewater treatment and produce recycled water for beneficial non-potable reuse. 

These benefits include: 

• Improving resiliency against drought and wildfire through offsetting potable water use and 

groundwater pumping, 

• Enhancing and protecting the Russian River Watershed by reducing the amount of water drawn from 

the drought-impacted Russian River, 

• Enhancing and protecting the Cloverdale Area of the Alexander Valley Groundwater Basin by reducing 

groundwater pumping and permitting in-lieu recharge of the groundwater basin, compatible with

groundwater protection goals, and 

• Reducing the risk of unplanned discharges of secondary treated effluent into the Russian River during 

severe storm events. 

Results of the proposed planning program will help advance water stewardship by enhancing watershed 

health and improve water supply management and sustainability efforts for the benefit of the 

City of Cloverdale’s residents, businesses, the Cloverdale Rancheria tribe, local agriculture, and other 

stakeholders who depend on the Russian River Watershed. 

Thank you in advance for considering grant funding for this important project. Please feel free to contact 

me if you have any questions, at cleanwater@rrwatershed.org or 707.508.3670. 

Sincerely, 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sincerely, 

Neena Hanchett 

February 28, 2023 SENT VIA: EMAIL 

WaterSMART: Water Recycling and Desalination Planning Grant Program 

US Bureau of Reclamation Financial Assistance Division 

Jim Keiffer, Division Manager 

bor-sha-fafoa@usbr.gov 

SUBJECT: Letter of Support for the City of Cloverdale’s Recycled Water Planning Program 

Dear WaterSMART: Water Recycling and Desalination Planning Grant Program Review Committee: 

Serving as Director of Resilient Cloverdale and the Cloverdale Chamber of Commerce, I am writing to 

express my support of the application submitted by the City of Cloverdale to the US Bureau of Reclamation 

for the City of Cloverdale Recycled Water Planning Program. 

The leadership and member organizations of Resilient Cloverdale are committed to advancing the 

resilience of Cloverdale and the surrounding community by making smart mitigation, preparedness, 

response and recovery investments at the individual, organizational and community levels. 

This recycled water planning program is a requisite preparatory step for the City of Cloverdale to 

implement advanced wastewater treatment and produce recycled water for beneficial non-potable reuse. 

The implementation of this planning project will improve water supply sustainability and resiliency 

through offsetting potable water use and groundwater pumping, as well as enhance and protect the 

Russian River Watershed and the drought-impacted Russian River. These outcomes support Resilient 

Cloverdale’s priorities of advancing the City’s overall readiness by investing in systems, relationships, and 

resources in an equitable and inclusive manner regardless of operating conditions. 

Thank you in advance for considering grant funding for this important project. Please feel free to contact 

me if you have any questions, at neena@cloverdalechamber.com or 707.894.4470. 

Executive Director 

Cloverdale Chamber of Commerce