FOURTH D I VI SI ON

DI LLA R D, C. J.

, RA Y, P. J.

, and SELF, J.

N O T IC E : M otions for r e c ons i de r a tion m us t be

ph y sic a l ly r e ce iv ed i n our c le r k ’s offic e w ithin te n

da y s of the da te of de c is ion to be de e m ed tim e ly file d.

http://w w w .ga a ppe a l s .us /r ule s

A ugust 30, 2017



# I n th e Co u r t o f

A p p eals o f

G eo r g ia

A1 7 A1 10 6 . PLATT v . THE STATE.

D I LLA R D , Ch i ef J u d g e.

Bart ho l o m e w Pl at t

, pro ceed i n g p ro s e

, ap p eal s t h e t ri al co u rt ’ s d en ial o f h i s

m o ti o n t o wi t h d raw h i s gu i l t y p l eas t o t h eft b y t ak i n g

, fal s e s w eari n g

, an d s eco n d

d eg ree cru el t y t o ch i l d ren

, arg u i n g t h at h e i s en t i t l ed t o b e rep res en t ed b y co u n s el o n

ap p eal

, he was n o t i n f

o r m ed o f t h e co rrect s en ten ci n g ran g e fo r on e o f h i s ch arg es

,

an d t h ere was an i n s u ffi ci en t fact u al bas i s t o s u p p o rt h i s g u i l t y p l ea to th eft b y t ak i n g.

Fo r t h e reas o ns t h at fo l l ow, we rem an d t h i s cas e fo r fu rt h er p ro ceed i n g s c o n s i s t en t

wi t h t h i s o p i n i o n

.

Th e reco rd s h o ws t h at o n Feb ru ary 7

, 2 0 1 4

, a co n ven i en ce-s t o re o wn er

rep o rt ed t o l aw en fo rcem en t t h at s o m e o f h i s s caffo l d i n g

, wh i ch was wo rt h m o re t h an

$ 1

, 5 0 0

, h a d b een s t o l en

. An i n v es ti g at io n en s u ed

, an d l aw-en fo rcem en t o ffi cersu l t i m at el y “ t rack ed [t h e s caff o l d i n g ] d o wn to SLM Recy cl i n g .” T h e o ffi cers t h en

d et erm i n ed t h at Pl at t h ad s i gn ed t h e s caffo ld i n g o v er to SLM Recy cl i n g

, an d fal s el y

rep res en t ed t h at h e h ad t h e au t h o ri t y t o d o s o. Bas ed o n t h i s i n f o r m at i o n

, Pl at t was

i n d i ct ed i n Ca s e N u m

b er 1 4-CR-8 9 0 fo r t h eft b y t ak i n g i n v ol v in g pro p ert y wo rt h

m o re t h an $1 ,5 0 0 an d fal s e s weari n g

. Th en

, o n Feb ru ary 1 6

, 2 0 1 5

, i n a s ep arat e an d

ap p aren tl y

u n rel at ed i n ci d en t , Pl at t was cau g h t o n v i deo t ap e o u t s i d e a co n v en i en ce

s t ore p u s h i n g a “ y ou n g m an ” t o t h e g ro u nd an d h o l d i n g h im t h er e

. 1 A s t o t h at

i n ci d en t

, i n Cas e Nu m

ber 1 5 -CR-6 1 1

, Pl at t was in d i ct ed fo r cru el t y t o ch i ld ren i n t h e

fi rs t d eg ree. 2

Fo l l owi n g n eg ot i at i o n s wi th the S ta t e o n b o th cas es

, Pl at t ag reed t o p l ead g ui l t y

t o t h eft b y t ak i n g

, fal s e sweari n g

, an d s eco n d -d eg ree cru el t y t o ch i l dren

. In ex ch an ge,

t h e St at e ag reed

, i n Cas e Nu m b er 1 5 -CR-6 11

, t o red u ce t he fi rs t -d eg ree cru el t y -t o

ch i l d ren ch arg e (Co u n t 7 ), a fel o n y

, to t h e l es s er-i n cl ud ed o ffen s e o f s eco n d-d eg ree

cru el t y t o ch il d ren

, a m i s d em ean o r. Th e St at e al so ag reed t o n o l l e p ro s t h e si x o t h er

1 A l t h o u g h t h e y o u n g m an ’ s ag e w as n o t s tat ed d u ri ng t h e p l ea h eari n g

, t h e

i n d i ct m en t al l eg ed t h at h e was u n d er t h e ag e o f 1 8

.

2 In C a s e N o

. 1 5 -CR-6 1 1

, Pl at t was al s o i n d i ct ed fo r th ree co u n t s o f ch i ld

m o les t at i o n

, t wo co u nt s o f ag grav at ed as s au lt

, an d o n e co u n t o f terro ri s t i c t h reat s

. As

d i s cu s s ed i n

f r a

, th e St at e ag reed t o n o ll e pro s t h os e co u n t s as p art o f a neg ot iat ed p l ea

d eal , an d t h u s , t h ey

are n o t rel ev an t t o t h e i n s tan t ap p eal

.

2ch arg es i n t h at cas e, wh i ch i n cl u d ed t h ree co u n t s o f ch i l d m o l es t at i o n

, t wo co u n t s o f

ag g rav at ed as s au l t, an d o n e co u n t of t erro ri s ti c t h reat s

. A ft er a p l ea h eari n g

, t h e t ri al

co u rt ap p ro v ed th e n eg o t ia t ed g u i l t y p l ea, d et erm i ned t h at Pl at t ’ s g u il t y p l ea was

k n o wi n g an d v o l u n tary

, an d i m p o s ed t h e sen t en ce t h at h ad b een ag reed u p o n b y t h e

p art i es

. Sp eci fi cal l y

, Pl at t recei v ed a fi v e-y ear s en t en ce fo r th eft b y t ak i n g

, a fi v e-y ear

s en t en ce fo r fal s e s w eari n g

, an d a t h ree-y ear sen t en ce fo r s eco n d-d eg ree cr u e l t y t o

ch i l d ren , al l o f wh i ch t o b e s erv ed co ns ecu t i v el y fo r a t o t al s en t en ce o f 1 3 y ears

.

Su b s eq uen t l y

, o n Sep t em b er 2 1

, 2 0 1 5

, Pl at t fi l ed a p r o s e m o t i o n t o wi t h d raw

h i s g u i l t y p l ea, s u m

m ari l y as s ert i n g t h at h e recei v ed i n effect i ve as s i s t an ce o f co u n s el

.

Th e t ri al co u rt sch ed u l ed a heari n g o n th e m o t io n an d ap p o i n ted co u n s el t o rep res en t

Pl at t i n t h e m at t er. Pl at t ’ s n ewl y ap p o i n t ed co u ns el t hen fi l ed an am en ded m o t i o n to

wi t h d raw Pl at t ’ s g u i l t y p l ea, ab an d o n i n g th e i n effect iv e-as s i s t an ce-o f-co u n s el cl ai m

an d arg ui n g t h at t h e p lea was i n v o l u n t ary b ecau s e t h e St at e ad v is ed Pl at t t h at h e faced

a s en t en ci n g ran g e fo r s eco n d-d eg ree cru el t y t o ch i ld ren t h at was m

u ch h i g h er t h an

t h e o n e h e act u al l y faced

. Nev ert h el es s, fo l l o wi n g a h eari n g

, t h e tri a l c o u r t d en i ed

Pl at t ’ s m o t i o n . Th i s ap p eal fo l l o ws

.

Al t h ou g h a g ui l t y p lea m ay b e wi t h drawn an y ti m e befo re s en t en ci ng

, “ o n ce a

s en t en ce h as been en tered

, a gu i l t y p l ea m ay o n l y b e wi t h d rawn t o co rrect a m an i fes t

3i n

ju s ti ce, an d a t ri al co u rt ’ s re f u s a l t o a l l o w wi t h d rawal wi ll n o t be d i s t u rb ed o n

ap p eal ab s en t a m an ifes t ab u se o f d i s c r e t i o n

. ” 3 Fu rt h er, wh i l e t h e t es t fo r m an i fes t

ab u se o f d i s cret i o n wi ll

, b y neces s i t y

, v ary fro m cas e t o cas e, wi t h d rawal o f a g ui l t y

p l ea is n eces s ary to co rrect a m an i fes t i n ju s t i ce i f, fo r ex am

p l e, “ a d efen d an t i s d en i ed

effect i v e as s i s t an ce o f co u n s el

, o r t h e g u i l t y p l ea was en tered i n v o lu n t ari l y o r wi t h o ut

an u n d ers t an di n g o f t he nat u re o f t h e ch arg es .” 4 W it h th es e g u id i n g p ri n ci p l es in

m i n d , we t urn n o w t o Pl at t ’ s s peci fi c cl ai m s o f erro r.

1

. Pl at t fi rs t co n t en d s th at t h e t r i al co u rt erred b y fai l i n g t o ap p o i n t h i m

ap p el l at e co un sel t o rep res en t h i m i n t h i s ap p eal

. 5 W e ag ree.

3 Ea rl ey v. S t at e

, 3 1 0 Ga. Ap p

. 1 1 0

, 1 12 (7 1 2 SE2 d 5 6 5 ) (2 0 11 ) (fo o t n o t e an d

p u n ct u at i o n o m i t ted ); a cco r d Ha l l v. S ta t e

, 3 1 3 Ga. Ap p

. 6 7 0

, 6 72 (2 ) (7 2 2 SE2 d

3 9 2 ) (2 0 1 2 ).

4 S t i n s o n v. S t a t e

, 2 8 6 Ga. 4 9 9

, 4 9 9 (6 8 9 S E 2 d 3 2 3 ) (2 01 0 ) (p u n ct u at i o n

o m it t ed ); a cco r d Ma dd

o x v. S t a t e , 2 7 8 Ga. 8 23 , 8 26 (4 ) (6 0 7 SE2 d 5 87 ) (2 0 0 5 ).

5 In h i s ap p el l at e b ri ef, Pl at t co n t en d s t h at t h e t ri al co u rt ap p o i nt ed h i m co u n s el

, b u t t h at h i s co u n s el l at er “ ab an do n ed h i m ,” t hereb y fo rci n g h i m t o fi l e t h i s ap p eal pr o

s e

. Bu t i t i s u n cl ear fro m Pl at t ’s b ri ef wh et h er h e m ean s t h at h i s co u n s el i n t h e

u n d erl y i n g p l ea-wi t h drawal p ro ceed i n g s i m pro p erl y ab an do n ed h i m aft er h e fi l ed t h e

n o t i ce o f ap p eal o r t hat t he c o u r t a p p o i n t ed new ap p el l at e co u n s el

, wh o l at er

ab an do n ed h i m

. In th is reg ard

, t h e re c o r d r e f l ect s t h at t h e t ri al co u rt ap p o i n t ed

co u ns el t o rep res en t Pl at t i n th e u n d e r l y i n g p l ea-wi th d rawal p ro ceed i n g s

, b u t aft er

Pl at t fi l ed hi s n o t i ce o f ap p eal

, t h e tri al co u rt di d no t ap p oi n t new ap p el l at e co u n s el

. An d i t i s al s o ev id en t th at Pl at t ’ s co u n sel i n t h e u n derl y i n g pro ceed i n g h as

, fo r

wh at ev er reas o n

, d i s c o n t i n u ed h i s rep res en t at i o n o f Pl at t

. Co n s t ru i n g Pl at t ’ s pr o

4W e b eg in b y n o t i ng t h at t h e Su p rem e Co u rt o f t h e U ni t ed St at es h as h el d t h at

“ t h e Si xt h Am en dm en t ri g h t to co u n s el i n cri m in al p ro s ecu t i o n s ap p l i e s t o ev ery

cri t i cal st ag e i n a cri m i n al p ro s ecu t i on .” 6 A n d t h e Su p rem e Co u rt o f Geo rg i a h as

s p e c i f i c a l l y h el d t h at “ th e p l ea wi th d rawal p ro ceed i n g i s a cri t i cal s t ag e o f t h e

cri m i n al p ro s ecu t io n[,] ” an d ab s en t a v al i d wai v er o f co u n s el

, a defen d an t i s “ en t i t l ed

t o co u n s el t o as s i s t h i m i n seek i n g t o w i t h d r aw h is g u i lt y p l ea[ ] .” 7 M o reo v er, t h i s

Co u rt h as fu rt h er h el d t h at “ t h e ri g h t t o co u n s el ex t en ds t h ro u g h th e d i rect ap p eal o f

an o rd er d en y i n g [a] d efen d an t ’ s m o t i o n [t o wi t h draw h i s g u i l ty p lea] .” 8

s e b ri ef fo rg iv in g l y

, we i n t erp ret h i s a r g u m en t t o s i m p l y b e t h at h e h as a

c o ns t it u t i o n al ri g h t t o ap p el l at e co u n s el

, reg ard l es s of wh et h er i t i s b y co n t i n u e d

r e p res en tat i o n b y h i s co u n s el b el o w o r b y t h e ap p oi n t m en t of n ew co u n s el f o r t h i s

ap p eal

. S ee Ca mp b el l v. S t a te

, 3 1 3 Ga. Ap p

. 4 3 6, 43 8 (7 2 1 SE2 d 6 4 9 ) “ Becau s e [t h e

ap p el l an t ] fi led th i s ap p eal p ro s e, we wi ll co n s t ru e h i s b ri ef [fo rg iv i n gl y ] .”

6 Fo rt s o n v. S t a t e

, 2 72 Ga. 4 5 7

, 4 5 8 (1 ) (5 3 2 SE2 d 1 0 2) (2 0 0 0 ) (ci ti n g Ger s t ei n

v. Pu g h , 4 2 0 U.S. 1 0 3, 1 2 1 (III) (9 5 SCt 8 5 4 , 4 3 LE2 d 5 4 ) (1 9 7 5 )).

7 Fo r t so n

, 2 7 2 Ga

. a t 4 5 9 (1 ); s ee Y o u n g v. S t a t e

, 3 2 8 Ga. Ap p

. 91

, 9 3 (7 6 1

SE2 d 5 0 4 ) (2 0 1 4 ) (n o t i n g t h at “ t h e ri g h t t o co u n s el o b t ai n s at p ro ceed i ng s o n m o t i on s

t o wi t h d raw a g u i l t y

p l ea”).

8 Mu r r a y v. S t a t e

, 2 6 5 Ga. Ap p

. 1 1 9

, 1 2 0 (5 9 2 SE2 d 8 98 ) (2 0 0 4 ); s ee S ch l a u

v. S t a t e

, 2 6 1 Ga. A p p . 3 03 , 3 0 4 (2 ) (5 8 2 SE2 d 2 4 3 ) (2 0 0 3 ) (“ [T] h e ri g h t t o co u n s el

co n ti n u es t h ro u g h t h e d i rect ap p eal o f an o rd er d en y i n g a m ot i o n t o w i t hd raw a g ui l t y

p l ea.”).

5As p rev i o u s l y n o t ed

, Pl at t as s ert s t h a t h e i s en t it l ed t o b e rep res en t ed by

co u ns el i n t h i s ap p eal

. In deed

, al t h o u g h th e reco rd d o es n o t refl ect t h at Pl at t ev er

s p eci fi cal l y req u es t ed t h e ap p o in t m en t o f ap p el l at e co u n s el

, “ an [i n d i g en t ] i n d i v i d u al

d e s i ri n g an ap peal [i n a cri m i n al cas e] n eed n o t, on ce a res p o n s i b le s t at e au t h o r i t y

k n o ws o f t h e d es i re t o ap p eal an d kn o ws o f t h e st at u s o f i nd i g en cy, s p e ci fi cal l y

req u es t ap p o i n tm en t o f ap p el l at e co u n s el .” 9

W e ack n o wl ed g e t h at o u r Su p rem e Co urt h as ex p l ai n ed

— i n t h e co nt ex t o f an

i n d i g en t d efen dan t ’ s ri gh t t o co u n s el i n p l ea-wi t h d rawal p ro ceed i n g s b efo re t h e t ri al

co u rt

— t h at an ap p el l at e co u rt s h o u l d co n s i d e r w h e t h er t h e ab s en ce o f co u n s el was

p reju d i ci al t o t h e d efen d an t

. 1 0 A n d h ere, Pl at t was rep res en ted b y co u ns el in h i s p l eawi t h d r a w a l p ro ceed i n g s b efo re t h e t ri al co u rt

, he h as n ot al leg ed t h at h i s co u n s el

b el o w was i n effect iv e, an d hi s ap p eal ad d res s es th e m eri t s o f th e o n ly cl ai m t h at h i s

t ri al co u n s el p res erv ed fo r ap p eal

. In d eed

, o n ap p eal

, Pl at t i s l im it ed t o reas s er t i n g

9 Tr a u t h v

. S t a t e

, 2 9 5 Ga. 8 7 4

, 8 7 5 -7 6 (1 ) (7 6 3 SE2 d 8 5 4 ) (2 0 1 4 ); a cco r d

Ro b er t s v. Ca l d wel l , 2 3 0 G a. 2 2 3 , 2 2 4 (1 9 6 SE2 d 4 44 ) (1 9 7 3).

1 0 S ee Fo r t s o n

, 2 7 2 Ga. at 4 6 0 (2 ) (ex p l ai n i ng t h at

, aft er d et erm in i n g t h at t h e

t ri al co u rt h ad a d u t y t o i n fo rm a d efen d an t o f h is ri g h t t o co u n sel in h i s p l eawi t h d rawal p ro ceed i n g s o r to o b t ai n a v al i d w ai v er o f co u ns el

, t h e ap p el lat e co urt ’ s

n ex t i n q u i ry i s wh et h er t h e ab s en ce o f co u n s el was p reju d ici al ).

6arg u m en t s t hat were rai s ed b efo re an d ru l ed u p o n b y t h e t ri al co urt

. 1 1 An d t h i s i s

ex act l y wh at h e h as d o n e. In d eed

, i n h i s p ro se ap p el l at e bri ef, Pl at t h as rai s ed

, i n t er

a l i a

, t h e on l y arg u m en t t h at was ru l ed u p o n b y t h e t ri al co u rt

— i.e.

, t hat hi s g u i l t y p l ea

was u n kn o wi n g an d i n vo l u n t ary b ecau s e h e w as g i v en t h e i n co rrect sen t en ci n g ran g e

fo r o n e o f t h e t h ree ch arg ed o ffen s es

. 1 2 N e v ert h el es s, ev en i f Pl at t ’ s ap p el l at e b ri ef

i s su ffi ci en t t o al l o w t h i s Co u rt t o rev i ew t h at cl ai m o n t h e m eri t s

, th e Su p rem e Co u rt

o f Geo rg ia h as cau t i o n ed th at “ [t ] h e v as t m ajo ri t y o f co u rt s t h at h av e ad d res s ed t h e

d e n i al o f t h e ri g h t t o co un s el at [a] cri t i cal s t ag e i n a cri m i n al p ro ceed i n g h av e

rev ers ed an d rem an d ed t o t h e t ri al co u rt wi t h i ns t ru ct i o ns t o ap p o i nt co un s el

. . . .” 1 3

Th e Su p rem e Co u rt h as al s o ex p l ai n ed t hat wh en a d efen d an t cl ai m s h i s g u i l t y p l ea

1 1 See Ami ca v

. S t a t e

, 3 0 7 Ga. Ap p

. 27 6

, 2 8 2 (2 ) (7 04 SE2 d 8 3 1 ) (2 0 1 0 )

(ex p l ai n i n g t h at t h i s Co urt i s a co u rt fo r co rrect i o n o f erro rs o f l aw m ad e b y t h e t ri al

co u rt

, wh i c h h a v e as th ei r b as es s p eci fi c ru l i n g s m ad e b y t he t ri al co urt

, an d i n t h e

ab s en ce o f s u ch a ru l i n g

, t h e cl ai m o f erro r p res en t s n o t h i ng fo r t h i s Co u rt t o rev i ew);

Ho l la n d v. S t at e

, 2 3 2 Ga. Ap p. 2 8 4 , 2 8 5 (2 ) (5 01 SE2 d 8 2 9 ) (1 9 9 8 ) (“ Th i s Co u rt i s

a co urt fo r t h e co rrect i on of erro rs o f l aw co m m it t ed b y t h e t ri al co u rt b el o w, an d we

n eed no t n or d o we co n s i d er i ss u es p res en t ed fo r t h e fi rs t t im e o n ap p eal .”).

1 2 Th e t ri al co u rt al s o co n s t ru ed Pl at t ’ s am en ded m o t i o n t o wi th d raw hi s g ui l t y

p l ea as as s ert i n g a rel at ed cl ai m t h at h i s p ri o r co u n s el w h o rep res en ted hi m du ri n g t h e

p l ea p ro ceed i n g s was i n effect i ve fo r fai l i n g t o i n fo rm h i m o f t h e co rrect s en t en ci n g

ran g e t h at h e faced fo r th e cru el t y -t o-ch i l dren ch arg e. Bu t t h e t ri al co u rt reject ed b o th

cl ai m s o n t h e s am e b as i s

.

1 3 Fo r t so n , 2 72 Ga. at 46 0 (2 ) (fo ot n o t e o m i t t ed ).

7was n o t k n o wi ng l y an d v o l u nt ari ly en t ered

, a h arm l es s-erro r an al y s i s i n th e co n t ex t

o f t h e den ial o f t h at defen dan t ’ s ri g h t t o co u n s el is i n ap p r o p r i a t e. 1 4 W e, l i k e t h e

Su p rem e Co u rt

, “ are p ers u ad ed b y t h os e m ajo ri t y o f cas es ho l d i n g t h at rev ers al an d

rem an d i s t h e ap p ro p ri at e rem ed y f o r vi o l at i o ns o f t h i s co n s t it u t i on al ri g h t .” 1 5

Th u s

, ev en if i t i s po s s i b l e fo r us t o co n si der t h e m eri t s o f Pl at t’ s cl ai m s n o w,

an d ev en i f h e wo u l d n ot u l t i m at el y b e p reju di ced by p ro ceed i n g pr o se o n ap p eal

, we

fo l l o w o u r Su p r e m e C o u rt ’ s d i rect i o n t h at rem an d i n g t h e cas e fo r ap p o i n t m en t o f

co u ns el i s ap pro pri at e fo r t h e v i o l at i o n o f a co n st i t u t i o n al ri g h t

.

1 4 S ee i d

.

1 5 Id

. T h e s o l e cas e t h at t h e St at e rel ies o n i n arg u i n g t h at t h i s Co u rt s h o u ld

d eci d e t h i s ap p eal o n t h e m eri t s ev en t h o u g h Pl at t do es n o t h av e ap p el l at e co u n s el i s

Ma s s ey v. S t a t e

, 2 7 8 G a. Ap p

. 3 0 3 (6 2 8 SE2 d 7 0 6 ) (2 0 0 6 ), w h i ch t h e St at e co n t en d s

i s “ q u i t e s i m i lar” t o t hi s cas e. B u t M a s s ey i s di s t i n g u i s h ab l e i n a m at eri al res p ect

b ecau s e, i n t hat cas e, al th ou g h t h e t ri al co u rt d en i ed t h e d efen d an t’ s req u es t fo r n ew

co u ns el t o rep res en t h i m i n hi s ap p eal fro m hi s p l ea-wi th d rawal pro ceed i n g s

, t h e

d efen d an t was s t i l l rep r e s e n t ed o n ap p eal b y h i s o ri g i n al t ri al co u n sel

, an d b ecau s e

h e fai l ed t o s h o w t h at h is t ri al co u n s el ’ s co n ti n u ed rep res en t at i o n on ap p eal

p reju d i ced h i m

, w e d eci d ed h i s ap p eal o n th e m eri ts

. S ee M a s sey

, 2 7 8 Ga. Ap p

. at 3 0 6

(2 ). Here, Pl a t t h as n o l eg al rep res en t at i on o n ap p eal

, wh i ch i s i n v i o l at i o n o f h i s

co n st i t u t io n al ri g h t s

. See, e.g

. Leo n a r d v. S t a t e

, 2 9 3 G a. Ap p

. 8 08

, 8 0 9 (1 ) (6 6 8 SE2 d

3 2 1 ) (2 0 0 8 ); Mu r r a

y , 2 6 5 Ga. Ap p . at 1 2 0 ; S ch l a u , 2 6 1 Ga. Ap p . at 3 0 4 (2 ).

82

. G i v en o u r h o l di n g i n Di v i s i o n 1 t h at t h i s cas e m u s t b e rem an d ed t o t h e t ri al

co u rt t o co n s i der Pl at t ’ s cl am t h at h e i s en t i t l ed t o t h e ap p o i n t m en t o f ap p el l a t e

co u ns el

, i t i s p rem at u re fo r t h i s Co u rt t o ad d res s an y of Pl at t ’ s cl ai m s o n t h e m eri t s

.

Fo r al l t h es e reas o n s

, we rem an d t h is cas e wi t h d i rect io n t h at th e t ri al co u rt

co n si d er wh et h er Pl at t s at is fi es t h e i n d i g en cy req u i rem en t s u ch t hat ap p o i n t m en t o f

ap p el l at e co u n s e l i s warran t ed

, an d i f so

, ap p o i n t co u n sel t o rep res en t h i m o n

ap p eal

. 1 6

Ca s e r ema n d

ed wi t h d i r ect i o n . Ra

y, P. J. a nd

S el f

, J., co n cu r

.

1 6 S ee S ch l a u

, 2 61 Ga. Ap p

. at 3 0 4 (2 ) (v acat e t h e tri al co u rt ’ s o rd er d en y i n g

t h e d efen d an t’ s m o ti o n fo r ap p o i n t m en t o f co u n s el t o rep res en t h im on ap p eal fro m

t h e d en i al o f h i s m ot i o n t o wi t h d raw h i s g u i l t y p lea an d rem an d i n g t h e c a s e f o r a

d et erm i n at i o n on t h e reco rd as t o wh et h er t h e ci rcu m s tan ces warran t ap po i n t m en t o f

ap p el l at e co un sel )

.

9