Third District Court of Appeal

State of Florida

Opinion filed September 21, 2016.

Not final until disposition of timely filed motion for rehearing.

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Nos. 3D15-49 and 3D14-2936

Lower Tribunal No. 13-13315

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German D. Bosque,

Appellant/Cross-Appellee,

vs.

The State of Florida,

Appellee/Cross-Appellant.

Appeals from the Circuit Court for Miami-Dade County, Miguel M. de la O,

Judge.

David S. Molansky, for appellant/cross-appellee.

Pamela Jo Bondi, Attorney General, and Michael W. Mervine, Assistant

Attorney General, for appellee/cross-appellant.

Before SUAREZ, C.J., and ROTHENBERG, and FERNANDEZ, JJ.

FERNANDEZ, J.

German D. Bosque appeals his judgment of conviction and sentence on the

charge of tampering with a victim and appellee State of Florida cross-appeals the
entry of a judgment of acquittal and new trial order on the charge of false

imprisonment. We affirm the judgment of acquittal on the charge of false

imprisonment, but reverse the judgment and sentence on the charge of tampering

with a witness/victim based on the State’s discovery violation pursuant to Brady v.

Maryland, 373 U.S. 83 (1963), and Richardson v. State, 246 So. 2d 771 (Fla.

1971).

Bosque was one of several police officers who responded to the scene of a

domestic dispute between Corey Davis and Joanna Flores over the custody of their

infant child. The officers tried unsuccessfully to convince Davis to return the child

to Flores. A struggle ultimately ensued between Bosque and Davis during which

Bosque allegedly punched Davis and retrieved the child from him. The police did

not arrest Davis at the scene. Davis later appeared at the police station to file an

internal affairs complaint against Bosque where Bosque briefly handcuffed Davis

and told him that Flores had complained about his attempt to run her over with a

car. 

The State charged Bosque with false imprisonment, tampering with a

witness/victim, and battery. The State’s theory at trial was that Bosque abused his

authority and arrested Davis in retaliation for Davis’s complaint against Bosque. 

The jury convicted Bosque of false imprisonment, tampering with a

witness/victim, and found him not guilty of battery.

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The State initially denied possession of dispatch audio recordings, but

produced the recordings post-trial. Bosque argued in his Motion to Dismiss, for

Judgment of Acquittal or alternatively for a New Trial, based on Newly

Discovered Withheld Discovery, that the State committed a willful and substantial

discovery violation when it failed to produce the dispatch audio recordings prior to

trial. The audio dispatch recordings demonstrated that, while at the scene of the

incident, Bosque did not know of Flores’ allegation that Davis tried to run Flores

over with his car, but that he subsequently learned of the allegation prior to his

encounter with Davis at the police station, establishing that he indeed had probable

cause to arrest Davis for the aggravated assault. The trial court granted Bosque’s

renewed motion for judgment of acquittal and new trial on the false imprisonment

charge and denied the motion on the charge of tampering with a witness/victim. 

Bosque received a sentence of three-hundred sixty-four days in prison followed by

four years of probation.

Bosque is correct that the trial court erred when it failed to grant a new trial

on the charge of tampering with a witness/victim. Bosque argued that the audio

recordings would have served as impeachment evidence regarding the testimony of

at least one witness. The State committed a discovery violation when it failed to

produce the dispatch audio recordings. The trial court’s denial of a motion for new

trial is reviewed under an abuse of discretion standard. Stephens v. State, 787 So.

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2d 747, 754 (Fla. 2001). The precepts of Brady v. Maryland, 373 U.S. 83 (1963),

require Bosque to “show (1) that favorable evidence – either exculpatory or

impeaching, (2) was willfully or inadvertently suppressed by the State, and (3)

because the evidence was material, [he] was prejudiced.” Duest v. State, 12 So.

3d 734, 744 (Fla. 2009). Bosque made the required showing and established

entitlement to a Richardson hearing. See Richardson v. State, 246 So. 2d 771 (Fla.

1971). 

There is no question that the recordings were exculpatory in nature. The

recordings revealed that Bosque had knowledge of Davis’s commission of

aggravated assault against Flores at the time of arrest. This served to undermine the

State’s retaliation and abuse of authority theory. The State also either willfully or

inadvertently suppressed the dispatch audio recordings because the dispatch audio

recordings existed and were discoverable. Furthermore, the State’s failure to

disclose prejudiced Bosque because the dispatch audio recordings were material

where, as here, “there is a reasonable probability that, had the [dispatch audio

recordings] been disclosed to the defense, the result of the proceeding would have

been different.” United States v. Bagley, 473 U.S. 667, 682 (1985). The jury

could have viewed Davis’s arrest as proper independent of the internal affairs

complaint.

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We therefore reverse the trial court’s denial of Bosque’s motion for new trial

on the charge of tampering with a witness/victim and remand the cause for a new

trial on this charge. The judgment of acquittal on the charge of false imprisonment

is affirmed.

Affirmed in part, reversed in part, and remanded.

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