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[Congressional Bills 105th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 2113 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

105th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                S. 2113

To reduce traffic congestion, promote economic development, and improve 
       the quality of life in the metropolitan Washington region.

_______________________________________________________________________

                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                              May 22, 1998

   Mr. Robb introduced the following bill; which was read twice and 
       referred to the Committee on Environment and Public Works

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL

 
To reduce traffic congestion, promote economic development, and improve 
       the quality of life in the metropolitan Washington region.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This subtitle may be cited as the ``Metropolitan Washington 
Regional Transportation Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds that--
            (1) congestion is a serious problem in the metropolitan 
        Washington region, as evidenced by recent studies that have 
        found that only the city of Los Angeles is more congested and 
        that congestion costs each man, woman, and child in the region 
        more than $800 per year in lost time, wasted fuel, and 
        environmental damage;
            (2) in the past, regional leaders have successfully worked 
        together to address important transportation needs, through 
        such institutions as the Metropolitan Washington Airports 
        Authority, the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority, 
        and the National Capital Region Transportation Planning Board 
        at the Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments;
            (3) even greater regional cooperation is needed to prevent 
        congestion in the metropolitan Washington region from 
        worsening, in light of predictions that, for the period of 1990 
        through 2020, there will be a 43 percent increase in 
        population, a 43 percent increase in employment, and a 79 
        percent increase in vehicle miles traveled, in the region;
            (4) while transportation needs will grow significantly over 
        the next decades, spending is expected to fall short of 
        transportation needs by more than $500,000,000 per year, even 
        with expected increases in Federal and State spending;
            (5) none of the existing metropolitan-wide transportation 
        agencies within the metropolitan Washington region has the 
        necessary powers, authorities, and resources to meet the 
        current and future transportation needs of the region;
            (6) the failure to meet the transportation needs of the 
        metropolitan Washington region will undermine the quality of 
        life of the residents of the region, degrade the natural 
        environment, and adversely affect the ability of Federal 
        agencies and private sector businesses to operate effectively 
        and efficiently;
            (7) the transportation challenges faced by the metropolitan 
        Washington region are unique and deserve the attention of 
        Congress because of the presence of the Federal Government 
        within the region and because of the intersection of 3 
        jurisdictions, consisting of 2 States and the District of 
        Columbia, within a single metropolitan area;
            (8) the National Capital Region Transportation Planning 
        Board at the Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments, 
        the designated metropolitan planning organization for planning 
        and programming Federal transit and highway funds provided to 
        the metropolitan Washington region, is updating the long-range 
        plan for the region to meet transportation needs in the coming 
        decades; and
            (9) with Federal assistance, the Board can more effectively 
        promote regional agreement on how to finance and implement its 
        long-range plan to meet the transportation needs of the 
        metropolitan Washington region.

SEC. 3. PURPOSES.

    The purposes of this subtitle are--
            (1) to provide a new option to help the metropolitan 
        Washington region more effectively address its transportation 
        needs;
            (2) to empower the National Capital Region Transportation 
        Planning Board to consult with the metropolitan Washington 
        region jurisdictions and the public to achieve consensus on a 
        list of critical transportation projects and a funding 
        mechanism that are needed to address the growing congestion 
        crisis in the region but cannot be funded within the current 
        and forecasted Federal, State and local fundings levels for 
such projects;
            (3) to establish a Corporation with the power to accept 
        revenue and issue debt to provide short-term funding for 
        projects that have been agreed to by the region;
            (4) to grant consent to the metropolitan Washington region 
        jurisdictions to enter into an interstate compact or agreement 
        that would help meet the region's long-term transportation 
        needs; and
            (5) to provide Federal matching grants to the region to 
        promote consensus on a regional funding mechanism.

SEC. 4. DEFINITIONS.

    In this subtitle:
            (1) Board.--The term ``Board'' means the National Capital 
        Region Transportation Planning Board at the Metropolitan 
        Washington Council of Governments.
            (2) Corporation.--The term ``Corporation'' means the 
        Metropolitan Washington Regional Transportation Corporation 
        established by section 6(a).
            (3) Metropolitan washington region; region.--The term 
        ``metropolitan Washington region'' or ``region'' means the area 
        that is--
                    (A) located in the area including and surrounding 
                Washington, District of Columbia; and
                    (B) under the jurisdiction of the members of the 
                Board.
            (4) Metropolitan washington region jurisdiction.--The term 
        ``metropolitan Washington region jurisdiction'' means a 
        jurisdiction represented by a member of the Board.
            (5) Project.--The term ``project'' means any effort to 
        reduce traffic congestion or improve travel options in the 
        metropolitan Washington region, including but not limited to: 
        the design, construction, and maintenance of facilities or 
        services; the operation of such facilities; the provision of 
        services; and the deployment of demand reduction and traffic 
        management measures.
            (6) Signatory.--The term ``signatory'' means a metropolitan 
        Washington region jurisdiction that enters into an interstate 
        agreement or compact under section 6(b).

SEC. 5. DUTIES OF THE BOARD.

    (a) Duties.--
            (1) In general.--The Board shall--
                    (A)(i) propose a list of transportation projects 
                needed to address the growing congestion crisis in the 
                metropolitan Washington region;
                    (ii) propose a regional funding mechanism to fund 
                needed projects;
                    (iii) manage the Corporation to provide short-term 
                funding for regional transportation projects; and
                    (iv) propose an interstate compact or agreement, 
                including a list of regional transportation projects 
                and a means of funding and implementation of the 
                projects, if necessary to address the growing 
                congestion crisis in the metropolitan Washington 
                region;
                    (B) provide notice and opportunity for comment on 
                its efforts under this title by metropolitan Washington 
                region jurisdictions and the public;
                    (C) conduct outreach and education activities to 
                promote public participation;
                    (D) promote cooperative action by metropolitan 
                Washington region jurisdictions on regional 
                transportation issues; and
                    (E) assist metropolitan Washington region 
                jurisdictions in developing an interstate compact or 
                agreement, if necessary, to better meet regional 
                transportation needs.
            (2) Limitations.--The Board shall not have the power to--
                    (A) impose a tax; or
                    (B) preempt any Federal, State, or local law 
                (including a regulation).
    (b) Board Support.--The Board may use staff of the Board and employ 
such additional personnel and agents as are necessary to carry out this 
subtitle, including public outreach staff to meet the public 
participation requirements of titles 23 and 49, United States Code.
    (c) Timetable.--The Board shall--
            (1) develop and publish a first draft list of regional 
        projects and regional funding mechanisms not later than 210 
        days after the date of enactment of this Act;
            (2) provide an opportunity for public comment on the first 
        draft proposal during the period beginning on the date of 
        publication of the first draft proposal and ending not earlier 
        than 90 days after that date; and
            (3) develop and publish a final proposal not later than 
        August 1, 2000, and provide an opportunity for ratification of 
        the final proposal by metropolitan Washington region 
        jurisdictions.
    (d) Planning Process.--In carrying out this subtitle, the Board 
shall--
            (1) comply with the planning requirements of titles 23 and 
        49, United States Code; and
            (2)(A) ensure that the public has a full opportunity to 
        participate in the planning process; and
            (B) work with citizen advisory committees representing all 
        points of view, including business, environmental, 
        transportation, senior citizens, youth, disabled, and 
        neighborhood associations.

SEC. 6. IMPLEMENTATION OF LONG-RANGE PLAN FOR THE METROPOLITAN 
              WASHINGTON REGION.

    (a) Metropolitan Washington Regional Transportation Corporation.--
            (1) Establishment.--There is established the Metropolitan 
        Washington Regional Transportation Corporation.
            (2) General powers.--
                    (A) In general.--The Corporation shall be a body 
                corporate and politic, and an instrumentality of the 
                Board, having the powers and jurisdiction described in 
                this subtitle and such additional powers as are 
                conferred on the Corporation by the Board, to the 
                extent that the additional powers are consistent with 
                this subtitle.
                    (B) Administration.--The Corporation shall be 
                governed in accordance with this subtitle and shall be 
                subject to such other provisions as the Board 
                determines appropriate.
            (3) General limitations.--The Corporation shall not have 
        the power to--
                    (A) impose a tax; or
                    (B) preempt any Federal, State, or local law 
                (including a regulation).
            (4) Duties.--The Corporation shall assist in the management 
        of any initial funding and implementation plan agreed to by the 
        signatories.
            (5) Public accountability.--
                    (A) Public notice and participation.--The 
                Corporation shall be subject to the requirements of 
                chapter 5 of title 5, United States Code, concerning 
                public notice of, and participation at, all meetings of 
                the Corporation.
                    (B) Freedom of information act.--The Corporation 
                shall be considered to be an agency for the purpose of 
                compliance with requests under section 552 of title 5, 
                United States Code.
            (6) Powers.--The Corporation shall have the power--
                    (A) to acquire personal and real property 
                (including land lying under water and riparian rights), 
                or any easement or other interest in real property, by 
                purchase, lease, gift, transfer, or exchange;
                    (B) to apply for and accept any property, material, 
                service, payment, appropriation, grant, gift, loan, 
                advance, or other fund that is transferred or made 
                available to the Corporation by the Federal Government 
                or by any other public or private entity or individual;
                    (C) to borrow money on a short-term basis and issue 
                notes of the Corporation for the borrowing payable on 
                such terms and conditions as the Corporation considers 
                advisable, and to issue long-term or short-term tax-
                exempt bonds in the discretion of the Corporation for 
                any purpose consistent with this subtitle, which notes 
                and bonds--
                            (i) shall not constitute--
                                    (I) a debt of the United States (or 
                                any political subdivision of the United 
                                States); or
                                    (II) a general obligation of a 
                                metropolitan Washington region 
                                jurisdiction (or any political 
                                subdivision of a metropolitan 
                                Washington region jurisdiction), unless 
                                consented to by the jurisdiction (or 
                                political subdivision); and
                            (ii) may be secured solely by the general 
                        revenues of the Corporation or by other 
                        revenues in the discretion of the Corporation;
                    (D) to permit single-occupancy vehicles to travel 
                on high-occupancy lanes in the region, if--
                            (i) the affected signatory or signatories 
                        consent to charge tolls to single-occupancy 
                        vehicles given access to high-occupancy lanes;
                            (ii) the toll can be implemented in a way 
                        that does not reduce the level of service; and
                            (iii) the affected signatory or signatories 
                        consent to use the toll revenues for regional 
                        transportation projects;
                    (E) to enter into any contract or agreement 
                necessary or appropriate to the performance of the 
                duties of the Corporation;
                    (F) to enter into partnerships or grant concessions 
                between the public and private sectors for the purpose 
                of--
                            (i) financing, constructing, maintaining, 
                        improving, or operating regional transportation 
                        facilities in the metropolitan 
Washington region; or
                            (ii) fostering development of a new 
                        transportation technology;
                    (G) to obtain any necessary Federal authorization, 
                permit, or approval for the construction, repair, 
                maintenance, or operation of regional transportation 
                facilities in the metropolitan Washington region;
                    (H) to adopt an official seal and alter the seal, 
                as the Corporation considers appropriate;
                    (I) to appoint 1 or more advisory committees;
                    (J) to sue and be sued in the name of the 
                Corporation;
                    (K) to carry out or contract with other entities to 
                carry out such maintenance of traffic activities during 
                construction of regional transportation facilities in 
                the metropolitan Washington region as are considered to 
                be necessary by the Corporation to properly manage 
                traffic and minimize congestion, such as public 
                information campaigns, improvements designed to 
                encourage appropriate use of alternative routes, use of 
                high occupancy vehicles and transit services, and 
                deployment and operation of intelligent transportation 
                system technologies; and
                    (L) to carry out any activity necessary or 
                appropriate to the exercise of the powers or 
                performance of the duties of the Corporation under this 
                subtitle and under any interstate compact or agreement 
                relating to the Corporation that is consistent with 
                this subtitle, if the activity is coordinated and 
                consistent with the transportation planning process 
                implemented by the metropolitan planning organization 
                for the metropolitan Washington region under section 
                134 of title 23, United States Code, and section 5303 
                of title 49, United States Code.
            (7) State and district of columbia approval of action by 
        the transportation corporation.--Any exercise of the powers 
        granted under section 6(a)(6) of this title must be approved by 
        the state departments of transportation in Virginia and 
        Maryland, and the Department of Public Works of the District of 
        Columbia.
            (8) No funds received nor debt issued by the Corporation 
        may be used to finance costs related to the replacement of the 
        Woodrow Wilson Memorial Bridge.
    (b) Interstate Compact or Agreement.--
            (1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), 1 or more of the 
        metropolitan Washington region jurisdictions may enter into an 
        interstate compact or agreement to finance and implement one or 
        more of the projects from the long-range plan of the Board, if 
        consent is granted by--
                    (A) the department of transportation of each State 
                that enters into the compact or agreement; and
                    (B) if the District of Columbia enters into the 
                compact or agreement, the Department of Public Works of 
                the District of Columbia.
            (2) Requirements.--The interstate compact or agreement 
        shall--
                    (A) include a list of regional transportation 
                projects and a regional funding mechanism to fund the 
                projects; and
                    (B) include a time limit of not more than 2 years 
                for approval by the metropolitan Washington region 
                jurisdictions.
            (3) Expedited approval.--An interstate compact or agreement 
        describe in paragraph (1) shall be deemed to have the consent 
        of Congress unless Congress enacts a law denying consent to the 
        compact or agreement within 60 days after the date of approval 
        of the compact or agreement by the signatories.
    (c) Reports.--The Secretary shall submit to the Committee on 
Environment and Public Works of the Senate and the Committee on 
Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives--
            (1) not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of 
        this Act, an interim report on the progress of the Board in 
        developing cooperative transportation plans and regional 
        funding mechanisms to meet transportation needs in the 
        metropolitan Washington region; and
            (2) not later than 3 years after the date of enactment of 
        this Act, a final report on the results of the actions of the 
        Board in developing cooperative transportation plans and 
        regional funding mechanisms to meet transportation needs in the 
        metropolitan Washington region.

SEC. 7. MAINTENANCE OF FUNDING AND EFFORT.

    The funding provided under any regional transportation program 
developed under this subtitle shall supplement (and not supplant) other 
Federal, State, and local transportation funding for the metropolitan 
Washington region jurisdictions. In using funds provided under this 
subtitle, a metropolitan Washington region jurisdiction shall maintain 
the expenditures of the jurisdiction for transportation in the 
metropolitan Washington region, at a level equal to not less than the 
level of the expenditures maintained by the jurisdiction for the fiscal 
year preceding the fiscal year for which the funds are received.

SEC. 8. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    (a) Administrative Costs.--There is authorized to be appropriated 
to carry out this subtitle $300,000 for each of fiscal years 1998 
through 2000, of which not less than--
            (1) $100,000 shall be used by the Board for salaries and 
        administrative expenses of experts in financing and developing 
        interstate compacts or agreements; and
            (2) $200,000 shall be used by the Board to support a 
        collaborative planning process, to disseminate information to 
        the public, and to pay the salaries and administrative expenses 
        of public outreach staff.
    (b) Incentive Grants.--There is authorized to be appropriated 
$20,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2000 through 2002 to provide as 
much as 25 percent of the cost of regional projects agreed to by the 
signatories under section 6(b).
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