2014 CLIMATE CHANGE

ADAPTATION ROADMAP

DEPAR TMENT OF DEFENSE

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Case 6:15-cv-01517-AA Document 299-94 Filed 06/28/18 Page 1 of 20
The responsibility of the Department of Defense is the security of our country. That requires thinking ahead and planning for a 

wide range of contingencies.

Among the future trends that will impact our national security is climate change. Rising global temperatures, changing 

precipitation patterns, climbing sea levels, and more extreme weather events will intensify the challenges of global instability, 

hunger, poverty, and conflict. They will likely lead to food and water shortages, pandemic disease, disputes over refugees and 

resources, and destruction by natural disasters in regions across the globe. 

In our defense strategy, we refer to climate change as a “threat multiplier” because it has the potential to exacerbate many of 

the challenges we are dealing with today – from infectious disease to terrorism. We are already beginning to see some of these 

impacts. 

A changing climate will have real impacts on our military and the way it executes its missions. The military could be called upon 

more often to support civil authorities, and provide humanitarian assistance and disaster relief in the face of more frequent and 

more intense natural disasters. Our coastal installations are vulnerable to rising sea levels and increased flooding, while droughts, 

wildfires, and more extreme temperatures could threaten many of our training activities. Our supply chains could be impacted, 

and we will need to ensure our critical equipment works under more extreme weather conditions. Weather has always affected 

military operations, and as the climate changes, the way we execute operations may be altered or constrained. 

While scientists are converging toward consensus on future climate projections, uncertainty remains. But this cannot be an 

excuse for delaying action. Every day, our military deals with global uncertainty. Our planners know that, as military strategist Carl 

von Clausewitz wrote, “all action must, to a certain extent, be planned in a mere twilight.” 

It is in this context that DoD is releasing a Climate Change Adaptation Roadmap. Climate change is a long-term trend, but with 

wise planning and risk mitigation now, we can reduce adverse impacts downrange. 

Our first step in planning for these challenges is to identify the effects of climate change on the Department with tangible and 

specific metrics, using the best available science. We are almost done with a baseline survey to assess the vulnerability of our 

military’s more than 7,000 bases, installations, and other facilities. In places like the Hampton Roads region in Virginia, which 

houses the largest concentration of US military sites in the world, we see recurrent flooding today, and we are beginning work to 

address a projected sea-level rise of 1.5 feet over the next 20 to 50 years.

Drawing on these assessments, we are integrating climate change considerations into our plans, operations, and training across 

the Department so that we can manage associated risks. We are considering the impacts of climate change in our war games and 

defense planning scenarios, and are working with our Combatant Commands to address impacts in their areas of responsibility. 

At home, we are studying the implications of increased demand for our National Guard in the aftermath of extreme weather 

events. We are also assessing impacts on our global operations – for instance, how climate change may factor into our rebalance 

to the Asia-Pacific. Last year, I released the Department of Defense’s Arctic Strategy, which addresses the potential security 

implications of increased human activity in the Arctic – a consequence of rapidly melting sea ice.

We are also collaborating with relevant partners on climate change challenges. Domestically, this means working across 

our federal and local agencies and institutions to develop a comprehensive, whole-of-government approach to a challenge 

that reaches across traditional portfolios and jurisdictions. Within the U.S. Government, DoD stands ready to support other 

agencies that will take the lead in preparing for these challenges – such as the State Department, US Agency for International 

Development, and the Federal Emergency Management Agency.

We must also work with other nations to share tools for assessing and managing climate change impacts, and help build their 

capacity to respond. Climate change is a global problem. Its impacts do not respect national borders. No nation can deal with it 

alone. We must work together, building joint capabilities to deal with these emerging threats. 

Politics or ideology must not get in the way of sound planning. Our armed forces must prepare for a future with a wide spectrum 

of possible threats, weighing risks and probabilities to ensure that we will continue to keep our country secure. By taking a 

proactive, flexible approach to assessment, analysis, and adaptation, the Defense Department will keep pace with a changing 

climate, minimize its impacts on our missions, and continue to protect our national security.

FOREWORD

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Case 6:15-cv-01517-AA Document 299-94 Filed 06/28/18 Page 2 of 20
1

Department	
  of	
  Defense	
  

FY	
  2014 Climate	
  Change	
  Adaptation	
  Roadmap

Climate	
  change	
  will	
  affect	
  the	
  Department	
  of	
  Defense's	
  ability	
  to	
  defend	
  the	
  Nation	
  and	
  poses	
  

immediate risks	
  to	
  U.S.	
  national	
  security.	
   The	
  Department	
  is	
  responding	
  to	
  climate	
  change	
  in	
  two	
  

ways:	
   adaptation,	
  or	
  efforts	
  to	
  plan	
  for	
  the	
  changes	
  that	
  are	
  occurring	
  or	
  expected	
  to	
  occur;	
  and	
  

mitigation,	
  or	
  efforts	
  that reduce	
  greenhouse	
  gas	
  emissions.	
   This	
  Climate	
  Change	
  Adaptation	
  

Roadmap	
  (Roadmap) focuses	
  on	
  the	
  Department's	
  climate	
  change	
  adaptation	
  activities1

.	
  	
  

The	
  Strategic	
  Sustainability	
  Performance	
  Plan	
  (SSPP)	
  articulates	
  the	
  Department’s	
  sustainability	
  vision	
  

to	
  maintain	
  our	
  ability	
  to	
  operate	
  into the	
  future	
  without	
  decline	
  in	
  the	
  mission	
  or	
  the	
  supporting	
  

natural	
  and	
  man-­‐made	
  systems.	
  	
  The	
  actions	
  set	
  forth	
  in	
  this	
  Roadmap	
  will	
  increase	
  the	
  Department's	
  

resilience	
  to	
  the	
  impacts	
  of	
  climate	
  change,	
  which	
  is	
  a	
  key	
  part	
  of	
  fulfilling	
  this	
  vision.	
  	
  

The	
  Department	
  has established	
  three	
  broad	
  adaptation	
  goals:	
  

Goal	
  1: Identify	
  and	
  assess	
  the	
  effects	
  of	
  climate	
  change	
  on	
  the	
  Department.

Goal	
  2: Integrate	
  climate	
  change	
  considerations	
  across	
  the	
  Department and	
  manage	
  associated	
  

	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  risks.

Goal	
  3: Collaborate with	
  internal	
  and	
  external	
  stakeholders on	
  climate	
  change	
  challenges.

These	
  goals	
  are	
  supported	
  by	
  four	
  lines	
  of	
  effort:

 Plans	
  and	
  Operations include	
  the	
  

activities	
  dedicated	
  to	
  preparing	
  for	
  and	
  

carrying	
  out	
  the	
  full	
  range	
  of	
  military	
  

operations.	
   Also	
  included	
  are	
  the	
  

operating	
  environments	
  in	
  the	
  air,	
  on	
  

land,	
  and	
  at	
  sea,	
  at	
  home	
  and	
  abroad,	
  

that	
  shape	
  the	
  development	
  of	
  plans	
  and	
  

execution	
  of	
  operations.	
  	
  

 Training	
  and	
  Testing	
  are	
  critical	
  to	
  

maintaining	
  a	
  capable	
  and	
  ready	
  Force	
  in	
  

the	
  face	
  of	
  a rapidly	
  changing	
  strategic	
  

setting. Access	
  to	
  land,	
  air,	
  and	
  sea	
  space

that replicate the	
  operational	
  

environment	
  for training and	
  testing is	
  

essential	
  to	
  readiness.

 Built	
  and	
  Natural	
  Infrastructure are	
  both	
  necessary	
  for	
  successful	
  mission	
  preparedness	
  and	
  

readiness.	
   While	
  built	
  infrastructure	
  serves	
  as	
  the	
  staging	
  platform	
  for	
  the	
  Department’s	
  

national	
  defense	
  and	
  humanitarian	
  missions,	
  natural	
  infrastructure	
  also	
  supports	
  military	
  

combat	
  readiness	
  by	
  providing	
  realistic	
  combat	
  conditions	
  and	
  vital	
  resources	
  to	
  personnel.	
  	
  

	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
   1 The Department's progress and strategies towards climate change mitigation, mainly through changes in our energy use, can be 

found in the main body of Strategic Sustainability Performance Plan (SSPP), Goals 1, 2, 3, 5 and 6.

“But	
  the	
  challenge	
  of	
  global	
  climate	
  change,	
  while	
  not	
  

new	
  to	
  history,	
  is	
  new	
  to	
  the	
  modern	
  world.	
  	
  Climate	
  

change	
  does	
  not	
  directly	
  cause	
  conflict,	
  but	
  it	
  can	
  

significantly	
  add	
  to	
  the	
  challenges	
  of	
  global	
  

instability,	
  hunger,	
  poverty,	
  and	
  conflict.	
  	
  Food	
  and	
  

water	
  shortages,	
  pandemic	
  disease,	
  disputes	
  over	
  

refugees	
  and	
  resources,	
  more	
  severe	
  natural	
  disasters	
  

– all	
  place	
  additional	
  burdens	
  on	
  economies,	
  societies,	
  

and	
  institutions	
  around	
  the	
  world.”

-­‐ Secretary	
  Hagel	
  

Halifax	
  International	
  Security	
  Forum

(DoD	
  Arctic	
  Strategy) Nov	
  2013

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2

 Acquisition	
  and	
  Supply	
  Chain	
  include	
  the	
  full	
  range	
  of	
  developing,	
  acquiring,	
  fielding,	
  and	
  

sustaining	
  equipment	
  and	
  services	
  and	
  leveraging	
  technologies	
  and	
  capabilities	
  to	
  meet	
  the	
  

Department’s	
  current	
  and	
  future	
  needs,	
  including	
  requirements	
  analysis.

The	
  Roadmap	
  is	
  divided	
  into	
  four	
  sections:	
  	
  the	
  policy	
  framework	
  for	
  climate	
  change	
  adaptation	
  

planning	
  and	
  three	
  goal	
  sections.	
   For	
  each	
  goal,	
  the	
  Roadmap	
  provides	
  an	
  overview,	
  and	
  specific	
  

details	
  on	
  how	
  the	
  Department’s	
  adaptation	
  will	
  occur	
  across	
  the	
  four	
  lines	
  of	
  effort,	
  as	
  well	
  as	
  a	
  

description	
  of	
  ongoing	
  efforts (where	
  applicable).

POLICY	
  FRAMEWORK	
  FOR CLIMATE	
  CHANGE	
  ADAPTATION	
  PLANNING

The	
  foundation	
  for	
  the	
  Department’s strategic	
  policy	
  on	
  climate	
  change	
  adaptation	
  began	
  with	
  the	
  

publication	
  of	
  the	
  Quadrennial	
  Defense	
  Review	
  (QDR)	
  in	
  2010	
  by	
  the	
  Secretary	
  of	
  Defense.	
  	
  The	
  QDR	
  

articulates	
  the	
  United	
  States’ national	
  defense	
  strategy	
  and	
  seeks	
  to	
  adapt,	
  shape	
  and	
  rebalance	
  our	
  

military	
  to	
  prepare	
  for	
  the	
  strategic	
  challenges	
  and	
  opportunities	
  we	
  face	
  in	
  the	
  years	
  ahead.	
  	
  

The	
  2010	
  QDR	
  recognized	
  that	
  climate	
  change	
  was	
  a	
  threat	
  to	
  national	
  security	
  and	
  the	
  2014	
  QDR	
  

reaffirms	
  the	
  Department’s	
  position:	
  “The	
  impacts	
  of	
  climate	
  change	
  may	
  increase	
  the	
  frequency,	
  scale,	
  

and	
  complexity	
  of	
  future	
  missions,	
  including	
  Defense	
  Support	
  to	
  Civil	
  Authorities (DSCA),	
  while	
  at	
  the	
  

same	
  time	
  undermining	
  the	
  capacity	
  of	
  our	
  domestic	
  installations	
  to	
  support	
  training	
  activities.”	
  	
  	
  

The third	
  National	
  Climate	
  Assessment	
  notes	
  that	
  certain	
  types	
  of	
  weather	
  events	
  have	
  become	
  more	
  

frequent	
  and/or	
  intense,	
  including	
  heat	
  

waves,	
  heavy	
  downpours,	
  and,	
  in	
  some	
  

regions,	
  floods	
  and	
  droughts.	
  	
  Sea	
  levels	
  are	
  

rising,	
  oceans	
  are	
  becoming	
  more	
  acidic,	
  and	
  

glaciers	
  and	
  arctic	
  sea	
  ice	
  are	
  melting.	
  	
  

Scientists	
  predict	
  that	
  these	
  changes	
  will	
  

continue	
  and	
  even	
  increase	
  in	
  frequency	
  or	
  

duration	
  over	
  the	
  next	
  100	
  years.	
  	
  

These	
  climate-­‐related	
  effects	
  are	
  already	
  

being	
  observed	
  at	
  installations	
  throughout	
  

the	
  U.S.	
  and	
  overseas	
  and	
  affect	
  many	
  of	
  the	
  

Department’s	
  activities	
  and	
  decisions	
  related	
  

to	
  future	
  operating	
  environments,	
  military	
  readiness,	
  stationing,	
  environmental	
  compliance	
  and	
  

stewardship,	
  and	
  infrastructure	
  planning	
  and	
  maintenance.	
  

Climate	
  change	
  also	
  will	
  interact	
  with	
  other	
  stressors	
  in	
  ways	
  that	
  may	
  affect	
  the	
  deployment	
  of	
  U.S.	
  

Forces	
  overseas	
  and	
  here	
  at	
  home.	
   As	
  climate change affects	
  the	
  availability	
  of	
  food	
  and	
  water,	
  

human	
  migration,	
  and	
  competition	
  for	
  natural	
  resources,	
  the	
  Department’s	
  unique	
  capability	
  to	
  

provide	
  logistical,	
  material,	
  and	
  security	
  assistance	
  on	
  a	
  massive	
  scale	
  or	
  in	
  rapid	
  fashion	
  may	
  be	
  

called	
  upon	
  with	
  increasing	
  frequency.	
  	
  As	
  the	
  incidence	
  and	
  severity	
  of	
  extreme	
  weather	
  events	
  

change,	
  the	
  Department	
  will	
  adapt	
  to	
  meet	
  these	
  dynamic	
  operational	
  realities.	
  

Army	
  National	
  Guard	
  rescues	
  flooding	
  victims	
  after	
  Hurricane	
  Isaac	
  

August	
  30,	
  2012.	
  Credit:	
  US	
  ARNG	
  SGT	
  Rashawn	
  D.	
  Price

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Case 6:15-cv-01517-AA Document 299-94 Filed 06/28/18 Page 4 of 20
3

RESPONSIBLE	
  SENIOR	
  AGENCY	
  OFFICIAL	
  

The	
  Deputy	
  Under	
  Secretary	
  of	
  Defense	
  (Installations	
  and	
  Environment) is	
  the	
  Department’s	
  Climate	
  

Change	
  Adaptation	
  Planning	
  Officer	
  and	
  is	
  responsible	
  for	
  overseeing	
  the	
  implementation	
  of	
  the	
  

Department’s	
  climate	
  change	
  adaptation	
  efforts.	
  	
  

COORDINATING	
  BODY

The	
  Department’s	
  Senior	
  Sustainability	
  Council	
  (SSC),	
  established	
  in	
  2010,	
  comprises Department	
  

senior	
  leaders,	
  the military	
  departments	
  and	
  components	
  and	
  is	
  charged	
  with	
  developing	
  strategy,	
  

recommending	
  policy, and	
  ensuring	
  coordination	
  on	
  sustainability	
  initiatives	
  across	
  the	
  Department.	
  	
  

The	
  SSC	
  is	
  co-­‐chaired	
  by	
  the	
  Deputy	
  Under	
  Secretary	
  of	
  Defense	
  (Installations	
  and Environment)	
  and	
  

the	
  Assistant	
  Secretary	
  of	
  Defense	
  for	
  Operational	
  Energy	
  Plans	
  and	
  Programs.	
  	
  The	
  SSC directs,	
  

oversees,	
  and	
  supports	
  development	
  of	
  the	
  Department’s	
  annual	
  integrated	
  SSPP and has	
  purview	
  

over	
  mitigation	
  – through	
  greenhouse	
  gas	
  emissions reduction	
  efforts	
  – and	
  climate	
  change	
  

adaptation.

The	
  SSC	
  established	
  a	
  Climate	
  Change	
  Adaptation	
  Working	
  Group	
  (CCAWG)	
  in	
  December	
  2012,	
  to	
  

facilitate	
  implementation	
  of	
  the	
  climate	
  change	
  requirements	
  found	
  in	
  EO	
  13514,	
  Federal	
  Leadership	
  in	
  

Environmental,	
  Energy,	
  and	
  Economic	
  Performance,	
  and	
  EO	
  13653,	
  Preparing	
  the	
  United	
  States	
  for	
  the	
  

Impacts	
  of	
  Climate	
  Change.	
  	
  The	
  CCAWG	
  takes	
  direction	
  from	
  and	
  provides	
  advice	
  to	
  the	
  SSC	
  regarding	
  

the	
  state	
  of	
  climate	
  science,	
  vulnerability	
  and	
  impact	
  assessment,	
  and	
  adaptation	
  practices, and	
  they	
  

lead	
  the	
  development	
  of	
  the	
  Department’s	
  Roadmap.	
  	
  The	
  CCAWG	
  has	
  membership	
  from	
  all	
  Services	
  

and	
  multiple	
  offices,	
  including	
  Policy,	
  Operational	
  Energy	
  Plans	
  &	
  Programs,	
  Personnel	
  and	
  Readiness,	
  

and	
  the	
  Joint	
  Staff.	
  	
  The	
  SSC	
  and	
  CCAWG	
  fulfill	
  the	
  Department’s	
  original	
  Goal	
  1,	
  set	
  forth	
  in	
  the	
  2012	
  

Roadmap	
  -­‐ “Define	
  a	
  coordinating	
  body	
  to	
  address	
  climate	
  change.”	
  	
  The	
  SSC	
  and	
  CCAWG	
  will	
  continue	
  

to	
  analyze	
  climate	
  change-­‐related	
  policy,	
  guidance,	
  and	
  practice;	
  ensure	
  that	
  the	
  Department	
  has	
  

access	
  to	
  the	
  climate-­‐related	
  information	
  necessary	
  to	
  make	
  informed	
  decisions;	
  and	
  engage	
  with	
  

internal	
  and	
  external	
  stakeholders.

EXECUTIVE	
  ORDER	
  REQUIREMENTS

This	
  2014	
  update	
  to	
  the	
  Roadmap	
  fulfills	
  the	
  requirements	
  of	
  a	
  Climate	
  Change	
  Adaptation	
  Plan	
  found	
  

in	
  Executive	
  Orders 13514	
  and	
  13653.	
  	
  Executive	
  Order	
  13514 requires that	
  all	
  Federal	
  Departments	
  

and	
  Agencies	
  evaluate	
  climate	
  change	
  risks	
  and	
  vulnerabilities	
  to	
  manage	
  both	
  the	
  short-­‐ and	
  long-­‐

term	
  effects of	
  climate	
  change	
  on	
  the	
  agency’s	
  mission	
  and	
  operations,	
  and	
  include	
  an	
  adaptation	
  

planning	
  document	
  as	
  an	
  appendix	
  to	
  its	
  annual	
  SSPP.	
  	
  Executive	
  Order	
  13653	
  notes that	
  “building	
  on	
  

these	
  efforts,	
  each	
  agency	
  shall	
  develop	
  or	
  continue	
  to	
  develop,	
  implement,	
  and	
  update	
  

comprehensive	
  plans	
  that	
  integrate	
  consideration	
  of	
  climate	
  change	
  into	
  agency	
  operations	
  and	
  overall	
  

mission	
  objectives	
  and	
  submit	
  those	
  plans	
  to	
  CEQ	
  and	
  OMB	
  for	
  review.”	
  	
  A	
  table	
  which	
  cross	
  

references this	
  Roadmap	
  to	
  the	
  specific	
  implementation	
  requirements	
  of	
  EO	
  13653	
  is	
  provided	
  in	
  

Annex	
  1.	
  

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Case 6:15-cv-01517-AA Document 299-94 Filed 06/28/18 Page 5 of 20
4

GOAL	
  1	
  – IDENTIFY	
  AND	
  ASSESS THE EFFECTS	
  OF	
  CLIMATE	
  CHANGE	
  ON	
  THE	
  

DEPARTMENT.

Overview.	
   Utilize	
  an	
  iterative	
  assessment	
  process	
  to	
  identify	
  how	
  climate	
  change	
  might	
  shape	
  the	
  

Department’s	
  plans	
  and	
  operations and	
  what	
  current	
  and	
  projected	
  climate-­‐related	
  impacts	
  might	
  occur	
  

to	
  its training	
  and	
  testing,	
  built	
  and	
  natural	
  infrastructure,	
  and	
  acquisition	
  and	
  supply	
  chain.

The	
  effects	
  of	
  the	
  changing	
  climate	
  will	
  be	
  felt	
  across	
  the	
  full	
  range	
  of	
  Department	
  activities,	
  including	
  

plans,	
  operations,	
  training,	
  infrastructure,	
  and	
  acquisition.	
   The	
  direction,	
  degree,	
  and	
  rates	
  of	
  the	
  

physical	
  changes	
  will	
  differ	
  by	
  region,	
  as	
  will	
  the	
  effects	
  to	
  the	
  Department’s	
  mission	
  and	
  operations.	
  	
  By	
  

taking	
  a	
  proactive,	
  flexible	
  approach	
  to	
  assessment	
  and	
  analysis,	
  the	
  Department	
  can	
  keep	
  pace	
  with	
  

changing	
  climate	
  patterns	
  and	
  minimize	
  effects	
  on	
  the	
  Department.

Initial	
  analysis	
  indicates	
  that	
  four	
  primary	
  

climate	
  change	
  phenomena	
  are	
  likely	
  to	
  affect	
  

the	
  Department’s	
  activities:	
  

• Rising	
  global	
  temperatures

• Changing	
  precipitation	
  patterns	
  

• Increasing	
  frequency	
  or	
  intensity of	
  

extreme	
  weather	
  events

• Rising	
  sea	
  levels	
  and	
  associated	
  storm	
  

surge

A	
  high-­‐level	
  summary	
  of	
  potential	
  impacts	
  to	
  

the	
  four	
  lines	
  of	
  efforts	
  -­‐ plans	
  and	
  operations,	
  

training	
  and	
  testing,	
  built	
  and	
  natural	
  

infrastructure,	
  and	
  acquisition	
  and	
  supply	
  chain	
  

-­‐ is	
  provided	
  in	
  Annex 2.	
  	
  For	
  convenience	
  to	
  the	
  reader,	
  excerpts	
  from	
  Annex 2 are	
  provided in	
  relevant	
  

sections	
  of	
  the	
  Roadmap.	
  	
  

PLANS	
  AND	
  OPERATIONS

The	
  changing	
  climate	
  will	
  affect	
  operating	
  environments	
  and	
  may	
  aggravate	
  existing	
  or	
  trigger	
  new	
  risks	
  

to	
  U.S.	
  interests.	
  	
  For	
  example,	
  sea	
  level	
  rise	
  may	
  impact	
  the	
  execution	
  of	
  amphibious	
  landings;	
  changing	
  

temperatures	
  and	
  lengthened	
  seasons	
  could	
  impact	
  operation	
  timing	
  windows;	
  and	
  increased	
  frequency	
  

of	
  extreme	
  weather	
  could	
  impact	
  overflight	
  possibility	
  as	
  well	
  as	
  intelligence,	
  surveillance	
  and	
  

reconnaissance	
  capability.	
   The	
  opening	
  of	
  formerly-­‐frozen	
  Arctic	
  sea	
  lanes	
  will	
  increase	
  the	
  need	
  for	
  the	
  

Department	
  to	
  monitor	
  events,	
  safeguard	
  freedom	
  of	
  navigation,	
  and	
  ensure stability	
  in	
  this	
  resource-­‐

rich	
  area.	
  	
  Maintaining	
  stability	
  within	
  and	
  among	
  other	
  nations	
  is	
  an	
  important	
  means	
  of	
  avoiding	
  full-­‐

scale	
  military	
  conflicts.	
  	
  The	
  impacts	
  of	
  climate	
  change	
  may	
  cause	
  instability	
  in	
  other	
  countries	
  by	
  

impairing	
  access	
  to	
  food	
  and	
  water,	
  damaging	
  infrastructure,	
  spreading	
  disease,	
  uprooting	
  and	
  

displacing	
  large	
  numbers of	
  people,	
  compelling	
  mass	
  migration,	
  interrupting	
  commercial	
  activity,	
  or	
  

restricting	
  electricity	
  availability. These	
  developments	
  could	
  undermine	
  already-­‐fragile	
  governments	
  

that	
  are	
  unable	
  to	
  respond	
  effectively	
  or	
  challenge	
  currently-­‐stable	
  governments,	
  as	
  well	
  as	
  increasing	
  

competition	
  and	
  tension	
  between	
  countries	
  vying	
  for	
  limited	
  resources. These	
  gaps	
  in	
  governance	
  can	
  

create	
  an	
  avenue	
  for	
  extremist	
  ideologies	
  and	
  conditions	
  that	
  foster	
  terrorism. Here	
  in the	
  U.S.,	
  state	
  

“And	
  because	
  we	
  know	
  that	
  climate	
  change	
  is	
  taking	
  

place,	
  we	
  are	
  assessing	
  our	
  coastal	
  and	
  desert	
  

installations	
  to	
  help	
  ensure	
  they	
  will	
  be	
  resilient	
  to	
  its	
  

effects.	
  	
  Planning	
  for	
  climate	
  change	
  and	
  smarter	
  

energy	
  investments	
  not	
  only	
  make	
  us	
  a	
  stronger	
  

military,	
  they	
  have	
  many	
  additional	
  benefits	
  – saving	
  us	
  

money,	
  reducing	
  demand,	
  and	
  helping	
  protect	
  the	
  

environment.	
  	
  These	
  initiatives	
  all	
  support	
  President	
  

Obama’s	
  Climate	
  Action	
  Plan...”

-­‐ Secretary	
  Hagel	
  

Halifax	
  International	
  Security	
  Forum (DoD	
  Arctic	
  

Strategy) Nov	
  2013

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Case 6:15-cv-01517-AA Document 299-94 Filed 06/28/18 Page 6 of 20
5

and	
  local	
  governments	
  responding	
  to	
  the	
  effects	
  of	
  extreme	
  weather	
  may	
  seek	
  increased	
  DSCA.	
  	
  These

potential effects	
  are	
  summarized	
  in	
  Table	
  1.

Table 1: Potential Effects of Climate Change on Department Plans & Operations

• Increased demand for DSCA.

• Increased demand for disaster relief and humanitarian assistance overseas.

• Increased need for air, sea, and land capabilities and capacity in the Arctic region.

• Altered, limited or constrained environment for military operations.

• Instability within and among other nations.

As	
  a	
  Department,	
  we	
  need	
  to	
  better	
  understand	
  how	
  the	
  changing	
  climate will	
  affect	
  plans	
  and	
  

operations in	
  the	
  U.S.	
  and	
  abroad.	
  	
  The	
  Department	
  will	
  need	
  to	
  monitor	
  these	
  developments	
  and	
  

decide	
  which	
  situations	
  will	
  require	
  intervention	
  based	
  on	
  U.S. security	
  interests	
  – either	
  preemptively	
  

through	
  security	
  cooperation	
  and	
  capacity	
  building,	
  or	
  with	
  stability	
  measures	
  once	
  conditions	
  escalate.	
  	
  

Specifically,	
  the	
  Department	
  must assess how	
  the	
  projected	
  effects	
  of	
  climate	
  change	
  may:

 Alter	
  operating	
  environments.	
  	
  As	
  these	
  operating	
  environments	
  change,	
  so	
  may	
  the	
  need	
  for	
  

adjustments	
  to Department	
  capabilities	
  and	
  capacity.	
  

 Impact	
  Department	
  planning	
  assumptions.	
  	
  

 Interact	
  with	
  other	
  stressors—poverty,	
  

environmental	
  degradation,	
  political	
  instability	
  

and	
  social	
  tensions—to	
  accelerate	
  conflict	
  and	
  

instability detrimental	
  to	
  U.S.	
  interests.

 Impact	
  capacity	
  building	
  projects,	
  stability	
  

operations,	
  and	
  construction	
  of	
  military	
  and	
  

civilian	
  infrastructure.

 Affect	
  the	
  demand	
  for Department	
  capabilities	
  

and	
  prioritization	
  of	
  engagement	
  across	
  the	
  

range	
  of	
  military	
  operations,	
  with	
  special	
  

attention	
  to overseas	
  humanitarian	
  assistance	
  

and	
  disaster	
  response missions.

 Influence	
  demands	
  on	
  the	
  Department,	
  including	
  the	
  Reserve	
  Component,	
  to	
  support	
  DSCA and	
  

other	
  emergency	
  operations	
  in	
  the	
  U.S.	
  

TRAINING	
  AND	
  TESTING

Maintaining	
  a	
  capable	
  and	
  ready	
  Force	
  in	
  the	
  face	
  of	
  a	
  rapidly	
  changing	
  strategic	
  setting requires	
  agility	
  

and	
  preparedness.	
  	
  The	
  Department	
  must	
  be	
  able	
  to	
  train	
  our	
  Forces to	
  meet	
  the	
  evolving	
  nature	
  of	
  the	
  

operational	
  environment.	
  	
  The	
  Department	
  executes	
  training	
  in	
  the	
  field	
  environment	
  to	
  achieve	
  and	
  

sustain	
  proficiency	
  in	
  mission requirements.	
  	
  Similarly,	
  the	
  Department	
  conducts	
  testing	
  in	
  the	
  field	
  

environment	
  in	
  anticipation	
  of	
  the	
  military’s	
  use	
  of	
  weapons,	
  equipment,	
  munitions,	
  systems,	
  or	
  their	
  

components.	
  	
  As	
  such,	
  access	
  to	
  the	
  land,	
  air,	
  and	
  sea	
  space	
  that	
  replicate	
  the	
  operational	
  environment	
  

for	
  training	
  and	
  testing	
  is critical	
  to	
  the	
  readiness	
  of	
  the	
  Force.	
  	
  Potential	
  effects	
  to	
  the	
  Department’s	
  

training	
  and	
  testing	
  are	
  summarized	
  in	
  Table	
  2.	
  	
  

Hospital	
  ship	
  USNS	
  Comfort	
  and	
  fleet	
  replenishment	
  oiler	
  USNS	
  

Leroy	
  Gumman	
  provide	
  support	
  in	
  Haiti,	
  February,	
  2010.	
  	
  Credit:	
  US	
  

Navy,	
  Petty	
  Officer	
  3rd	
  Class	
  Matthew	
  Jackson

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Case 6:15-cv-01517-AA Document 299-94 Filed 06/28/18 Page 7 of 20
6

Table 2. Potential Effects of Climate Change on Department Training & Testing

• Increased number of ‘black flag’ (suspended outdoor training) or fire hazard days. 

• Decreased training/testing land carrying capacity to support current testing and training rotation types or 

levels. Some training/testing lands may lose their carrying capacity altogether. 

• Increased dust generation during training activities, which may interfere with sensitive equipment, resulting in 

greater repairs, or may require more extensive dust control measures to meet environmental compliance 

requirements. 

• Stressed threatened and endangered species and related ecosystems, on and adjacent to DoD installations, 

resulting in increased endangered species and land management requirements. 

• Increased operational health surveillance and health and safety risks to the Department’s personnel.

• Increased maintenance/repair requirements for training/testing lands and associated infrastructure and 

equipment (e.g., training roads, targets)

The Department	
  must	
  assess	
  the	
  effects	
  of	
  projected	
  climate	
  change	
  on its:

 Ability	
  to	
  carry	
  out	
  training	
  and	
  testing	
  activities	
  in	
  the	
  field	
  environment.

 Access	
  to	
  existing	
  training	
  lands.	
  	
  Diminished	
  access	
  may	
  increase	
  the	
  demand	
  for	
  

acquisition/development	
  of	
  new	
  training	
  lands	
  or	
  alternative	
  training	
  to	
  maintain	
  unit	
  readiness.	
  	
  

 Readiness	
  of	
  an	
  individual	
  unit	
  or	
  an individual	
  weapons	
  system’s	
  testing	
  regime from	
  ‘lost	
  days’	
  at	
  

an	
  individual	
  training/testing	
  location.	
  	
  The	
  Department	
  must	
  assess	
  these	
  impacts	
  at	
  local	
  

training/testing	
  assets	
  and	
  quantify	
  the	
  cumulative	
  effects	
  across	
  all	
  the	
  Department’s training	
  and

testing.	
  	
  

 Health	
  and	
  safety	
  risks	
  to	
  the	
  Department’s	
  personnel,	
  and	
  the	
  extent	
  to	
  which	
  demand	
  for	
  

operational	
  health	
  surveillance	
  programs	
  and	
  health	
  services	
  might	
  increase.

BUILT	
  AND	
  NATURAL	
  INFRASTRUCTURE

The	
  Department	
  manages	
  a	
  diverse	
  mixture	
  of	
  built	
  and	
  natural	
  infrastructure to	
  support	
  testing,	
  

training	
  and	
  other	
  mission	
  and	
  readiness	
  requirements.	
  	
  For	
  example	
  an	
  installation	
  may	
  need	
  a	
  forest	
  

or	
  desert	
  landscape	
  for	
  maneuvers,	
  coastal	
  waters	
  for	
  

amphibious	
  assault	
  training,	
  or	
  wetlands	
  to	
  prevent	
  

flooding	
  and	
  erosion.	
  	
  Climate	
  change	
  will	
  have	
  serious	
  

implications	
  for	
  the	
  Department’s	
  ability	
  to	
  maintain	
  

both	
  its	
  built	
  and	
  natural	
  infrastructure,	
  and	
  to	
  ensure	
  

military	
  readiness	
  in	
  the	
  future.	
  	
  Potential	
  effects to	
  the	
  

Department’s	
  built	
  and	
  natural	
  infrastructure	
  are

summarized in	
  Table	
  3.

Amphibious	
  assault	
  training.	
  Credit:	
  Petty	
  Officer	
  3rd	
  

Class	
  Amanda	
  S.	
  Kitchner

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Case 6:15-cv-01517-AA Document 299-94 Filed 06/28/18 Page 8 of 20
7

Table 3. Potential Effects of Climate Change on Department Built & Natural Infrastructure

• Increased inundation, erosion, and flooding damage.

• Changing building heating and cooling demand, impacting installation energy intensity and operating costs.

• Disruption to and competition for reliable energy and fresh water supplies.

• Damage from thawing permafrost and sea ice in Alaska and the Arctic region.

• Increased ecosystem, wetland, sensitive species, and non-native invasive species management challenges.

• Increased maintenance requirements for runways or roads to remain operable during extreme hot days.

• Changed disease vector distribution, increasing the complexity and cost of on-going disease management 

efforts.

The	
  Department	
  must	
  assess the	
  effects	
  of	
  projected	
  climate	
  change	
  on the:

 Design,	
  operation,	
  maintenance	
  and	
  repair of	
  buildings	
  and	
  transportation	
  assets.

 Management	
  of natural	
  infrastructure assets,	
  including	
  unique	
  landscapes,	
  ecosystems	
  and	
  habitats,	
  

particularly	
  those	
  supporting	
  sensitive	
  species.

 Energy,	
  fuel, water	
  supply,	
  and	
  utility	
  services,	
  

including	
  electrical	
  grid,	
  drinking	
  water,	
  

wastewater,	
  and	
  steam	
  systems.

 Adequacy	
  of	
  existing	
  stormwater	
  management	
  

systems	
  to	
  accommodate	
  more	
  frequent	
  and	
  

intense	
  precipitation	
  events.	
  

 Emergency	
  preparedness	
  and	
  response.

 Distribution	
  of	
  disease	
  vectors,	
  including	
  

exposure	
  to	
  diseases	
  in	
  regions	
  not	
  routinely	
  

encountered,	
  that	
  may	
  have	
  acute	
  and	
  long-­‐

term	
  impacts	
  on	
  personnel	
  health	
  and	
  safety.

ACQUISITION	
  AND SUPPLY	
  CHAIN

The	
  Department’s	
  acquisition	
  and	
  supply	
  chain	
  include	
  the	
  full	
  range	
  of	
  developing,	
  acquiring,	
  fielding,	
  

and	
  sustaining	
  equipment	
  and	
  services	
  and	
  leveraging	
  technologies	
  and	
  capabilities	
  to	
  meet	
  the	
  

Department’s	
  current	
  and	
  future	
  needs,	
  including	
  requirements	
  analysis.	
   Climate	
  change	
  impacts	
  may	
  

affect	
  the	
  supplies,	
  equipment,	
  vehicles,	
  and	
  weapons	
  systems	
  the	
  Department	
  buys,	
  where	
  and	
  from	
  

whom	
  we	
  buy	
  them,	
  how	
  they	
  are	
  transported	
  and	
  distributed,	
  and	
  how	
  and	
  where	
  they	
  are stockpiled

and	
  stored.	
  	
  Potential	
  effects to	
  the	
  Department’s	
  acquisition	
  and	
  supply	
  chain	
  services	
  are	
  summarized	
  

in	
  Table	
  4.

Table 4. Potential Effects of Climate Change on Department Acquisition & Supply Chain 

• Changed operational parameters for current and planned weapons and equipment, resulting in increased 

associated maintenance requirements or requirements for new equipment.

• Reduced availability of or access to the materials, resources, and industrial infrastructure needed to 

manufacture the Department’s weapon systems and supplies.

• Interrupted shipment, delivery or storage/stockpile of materials or manufactured equipment and supplies.

• Alterations in storage and stockpile activities.

• Reduced or changed availability and access to food and water sources to support personnel.

Flooding	
  at	
  Keesler	
  Air	
  Force	
  Base.	
  Credit:	
  SSgt	
  Kimberly	
  Rae

Moore

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Case 6:15-cv-01517-AA Document 299-94 Filed 06/28/18 Page 9 of 20
8

The	
  Department	
  must	
  assess	
  the	
  effects	
  of	
  projected	
  climate	
  change	
  on its:	
  

 Wide	
  array	
  of	
  weapons	
  systems,	
  both	
  in	
  terms	
  of	
  operating	
  range	
  and	
  associated	
  maintenance	
  

requirements,	
  and	
  determine	
  if	
  new	
  equipment	
  is	
  required	
  to	
  operate	
  in	
  new	
  environments.

 Individual	
  critical	
  supplier, as	
  well	
  as	
  the	
  cumulative	
  effects	
  across	
  all	
  Department	
  acquisition	
  and	
  

supply	
  activities, to	
  identify	
  critical	
  component	
  acquisition	
  and	
  supply	
  chain	
  vulnerabilities	
  and	
  

associated	
  cost	
  increases.

 Key	
  transportation	
  modes	
  and	
  routes.

 Storage	
  and	
  stockpile	
  activities,	
  both	
  at	
  the	
  individual	
  site	
  and	
  cumulatively	
  across	
  the	
  Department.

ONGOING	
  EFFORTS

The	
  Department	
  has	
  initiated	
  several	
  research	
  and	
  survey	
  efforts	
  to	
  more	
  fully	
  identify	
  and	
  characterize

vulnerabilities,	
  impacts,	
  and risks	
  posed	
  by	
  climate	
  change.	
  	
  The	
  Department	
  is	
  implementing	
  a	
  phased	
  

installation-­‐level	
  vulnerability	
  assessment	
  approach	
  to:	
  	
  develop	
  methodologies	
  for	
  conducting	
  consistent	
  

screening-­‐level	
  vulnerability	
  assessments	
  of	
  military	
  installations	
  world-­‐wide	
  (starting	
  with	
  coastal	
  and	
  tidal	
  

installations);	
  leverage	
  recent	
  scientific	
  advancements	
  regarding	
  coastal	
  assessment;	
  and	
  provide	
  a	
  platform	
  

to	
  build	
  upon	
  prior	
  to conducting	
  more	
  comprehensive	
  and	
  detailed	
  assessments,	
  whether	
  coastal	
  

installations	
  or	
  otherwise.	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  

A	
  screening	
  level	
  survey	
  assessment	
  tool	
  was	
  piloted	
  in	
  the	
  Fall	
  of	
  2013	
  and	
  was	
  deployed	
  in	
  2014	
  to	
  

assess	
  current	
  installation-­‐specific	
  vulnerability	
  to	
  climate	
  impacts.	
  	
  Data	
  from	
  these	
  screening-­‐level	
  

assessments	
  will	
  be	
  used	
  to	
  identify	
  areas	
  and	
  installations	
  where	
  more	
  detailed	
  vulnerability	
  

assessments	
  may	
  be needed.	
  	
  The	
  Department	
  is	
  using	
  a	
  whole-­‐of-­‐government	
  approach	
  to	
  develop	
  

recommendations	
  on	
  regional	
  sea	
  level	
  rise for	
  use	
  in	
  more	
  detailed	
  coastal	
  vulnerability	
  and	
  impact	
  

assessments	
  of	
  military	
  installations	
  worldwide,	
  to	
  ensure	
  consistency	
  in	
  conducting	
  these	
  assessments.	
  	
  	
  	
  

As	
  climate	
  science	
  advances,	
  the	
  Department	
  will	
  regularly	
  reevaluate	
  climate	
  change	
  risks	
  and	
  

opportunities	
  in	
  order	
  to	
  develop	
  policies	
  and	
  plans	
  to	
  manage	
  its	
  effects	
  on	
  the	
  Department’s	
  operating	
  

environment,	
  missions,	
  and	
  facilities.	
  	
  Research	
  organizations	
  within	
  the	
  Department,	
  including	
  the	
  

Strategic	
  Environmental	
  Research	
  and	
  Development	
  Program	
  (SERDP),	
  are	
  planning	
  and	
  completing	
  

studies	
  to	
  characterize	
  climate	
  change	
  impacts	
  in	
  specific	
  regions	
  of	
  the	
  world	
  and	
  develop	
  and	
  pilot	
  

vulnerability	
  assessment	
  and	
  adaptation	
  methodologies	
  and	
  strategies.	
  	
  

Research	
  involving	
  coastal	
  assessment	
  method	
  development	
  is	
  scheduled	
  for	
  completion during	
  2014.	
  	
  

As	
  a	
  synthesis	
  of	
  this	
  work,	
  SERDP	
  prepared	
  a	
  report	
  in	
  2013 -­‐ Assessing	
  Impacts	
  of	
  Climate	
  Change	
  on	
  

Coastal	
  Military	
  Installations:	
  	
  Policy	
  Implications -­‐ that	
  drew	
  on	
  the	
  lessons	
  learned	
  from	
  the	
  SERDP-­‐

funded	
  research	
  efforts	
  in	
  the	
  context	
  of	
  coastal	
  installations	
  and	
  on	
  the	
  expertise	
  of	
  individuals	
  within	
  

the	
  DoD	
  community	
  and	
  other	
  Federal	
  agencies.	
  	
  Work	
  in	
  other	
  regions	
  is	
  still	
  underway,	
  including	
  

research	
  designed	
  to	
  understand	
  how: increased	
  temperature	
  trends	
  and	
  changes	
  in	
  the	
  fire	
  regime	
  in	
  

the	
  interior	
  of	
  Alaska	
  will	
  impact	
  the	
  dynamics	
  of	
  thawing	
  permafrost	
  and	
  the	
  subsequent	
  effects	
  on	
  

hydrology,	
  access	
  to	
  training	
  lands,	
  and	
  infrastructure; and	
  changes	
  in	
  storm	
  patterns	
  and	
  sea	
  levels	
  will	
  

impact	
  the	
  Department’s	
  Pacific	
  Island	
  installations,	
  including	
  their	
  water	
  supplies.

P00000019230

Case 6:15-cv-01517-AA Document 299-94 Filed 06/28/18 Page 10 of 20
9

GOAL	
  2	
  – INTEGRATE	
  CLIMATE	
  CHANGE	
  CONSIDERATIONS	
  ACROSS	
  THE	
  DEPARTMENT	
  

AND	
  MANAGE	
  ASSOCIATED	
  RISKS

Overview.	
   Continue	
  efforts	
  to	
  integrate	
  climate	
  considerations	
  into	
  programs,	
  operations,	
  plans	
  and	
  

processes.	
   Develop	
  and	
  implement	
  adaptation	
  strategies	
  to	
  address	
  risks	
  identified	
  through	
  the	
  iterative	
  

assessment	
  process	
  in	
  Goal	
  1.	
  

Adaptation	
  to	
  climate	
  change	
  cannot	
  be	
  a	
  separate	
  decision-­‐

making	
  process,	
  but	
  rather	
  integrated	
  into	
  the	
  Department’s	
  

existing	
  management	
  processes.	
  	
  Therefore,	
  the	
  Department	
  will	
  

review	
  and,	
  as	
  needed,	
  make	
  changes	
  to	
  existing	
  plans,	
  policies,	
  

programs, and	
  operations	
  to	
  incorporate	
  climate	
  change	
  

considerations.	
  	
  Some	
  additional policy	
  and	
  guidance	
  may	
  be	
  

needed	
  to	
  support	
  specific	
  activities	
  and	
  adaptation	
  

implementation;	
  however,	
  by	
  and	
  large, the	
  Department	
  will	
  use	
  

existing	
  mechanisms	
  to	
  implement	
  policy	
  and	
  guidance	
  that	
  

ensure	
  mission resilience.

PLANS	
  AND	
  OPERATIONS

Dynamic	
  environmental	
  conditions,	
  climate-­‐aggravated	
  flashpoints,	
  and	
  increasingly	
  severe	
  natural	
  

disasters	
  may	
  require	
  adaptations	
  to	
  how	
  the	
  Department	
  plans	
  and	
  executes	
  operations around	
  the	
  

globe.	
  	
  As	
  appropriate,	
  the	
  Department	
  will	
  seek	
  refinements	
  to	
  existing	
  processes and	
  develop	
  new	
  

climate-­‐specific	
  plans	
  and	
  guidance.	
  

Specifically,	
  the	
  Department	
  will	
  review	
  and,	
  as	
  needed,	
  modify:

 Plans	
  and	
  guidance	
  unique	
  to	
  climate	
  change	
  related	
  challenges,	
  such	
  as	
  the	
  Department’s	
  Arctic	
  

Strategy	
  and	
  the	
  Navy’s	
  Arctic	
  Roadmap.

 Overarching	
  Department-­‐wide	
  plans	
  and	
  guidance to	
  Combatant	
  Commanders.

 Combatant	
  Command	
  deliberate	
  planning,	
  including	
  Theater	
  Campaign	
  Plans,	
  Operation	
  Plans,	
  

Contingency	
  Plans, and	
  Theater	
  Security	
  Cooperation	
  Plans.

 Country-­‐specific	
  cooperation	
  and	
  engagement.

 Department-­‐wide	
  Force	
  planning	
  analyses	
  and	
  processes,	
  including	
  Defense	
  Planning	
  Scenarios	
  and	
  

war	
  games.

 Internal	
  policy	
  guidance	
  provided	
  to	
  the	
  Components	
  for	
  the	
  preparation	
  and	
  review	
  of	
  program	
  

and	
  budget	
  submissions.

 Total	
  Force capacity	
  and	
  capabilities for	
  DSCA,	
  disaster	
  relief, and	
  humanitarian	
  assistance,	
  to	
  

include	
  specific	
  focus	
  on the Reserve	
  Component.

TRAINING	
  AND	
  TESTING

The	
  Department’s	
  long-­‐standing	
  stewardship	
  of	
  its	
  training	
  and	
  testing	
  lands	
  is	
  articulated	
  through	
  its	
  

sustainable	
  range	
  program,	
  installation-­‐level	
  Range	
  Complex	
  Master	
  Plans	
  (RCMPs), and	
  the	
  Readiness	
  

and	
  Environmental	
  Protection	
  Initiative	
  (REPI).	
  	
  As	
  appropriate,	
  the	
  Department	
  will	
  seek	
  refinements	
  

to	
  existing	
  processes	
  and	
  develop	
  new	
  climate-­‐specific	
  plans	
  and	
  guidance.	
  

“Climate	
  change	
  shapes	
  the

operating	
  environment	
  and	
  the	
  

missions	
  that	
  DoD	
  must	
  

undertake.”

-­‐ John	
  Conger,	
  Acting	
  Deputy	
  

Undersecretary	
  of	
  Defense	
  for	
  

Installations	
  and	
  Environment

March/April	
  2014,	
  

Environmental	
  Law	
  Institute	
  Forum

P00000019231

Case 6:15-cv-01517-AA Document 299-94 Filed 06/28/18 Page 11 of 20
10

Specifically,	
  the	
  Department	
  will	
  review	
  and,	
  as	
  needed,	
  modify:

 The	
  sustainable	
  range	
  program,	
  RCMPs, and	
  the	
  REPI	
  

program.	
  	
  

 Training	
  and	
  testing	
  plans,	
  including	
  the	
  location,	
  

frequency, and	
  duration	
  of	
  training and	
  testing	
  

rotations.	
  	
  	
  	
  

 Future	
  Base	
  Realignment	
  and	
  Closure	
  (BRAC) and	
  

stationing	
  decisions.

 Health	
  surveillance	
  programs,	
  including	
  increased	
  

frequency	
  of	
  health	
  monitoring, and	
  adequacy	
  of	
  

personnel	
  protective	
  equipment.

BUILT	
  AND	
  NATURAL	
  INFRASTRUCTURE

DoD	
  installations	
  are	
  in	
  essence	
  “power	
  projection	
  platforms”	
  from	
  which	
  the	
  Department	
  employs	
  

Forces	
  across	
  the	
  full	
  spectrum	
  of	
  military	
  operations.	
  	
  As	
  such,	
  adapting	
  to	
  changing	
  climate	
  conditions	
  

is critical	
  to	
  the	
  ability	
  of	
  the	
  Department	
  to	
  address	
  current	
  and	
  future	
  threats, and	
  sustain	
  its	
  mission.	
  	
  

Effective	
  adaptation	
  planning	
  will	
  ensure	
  the	
  continued	
  availability of	
  the	
  land,	
  air, and	
  water	
  resources	
  

at	
  our	
  installations	
  and	
  ranges	
  so	
  the	
  Department can	
  train	
  and	
  operate	
  today	
  and	
  into	
  the	
  future.	
  	
  As	
  

appropriate,	
  the	
  Department	
  will	
  seek	
  refinements	
  to	
  existing	
  processes	
  and	
  develop	
  new	
  climate-­‐

specific	
  plans	
  and	
  guidance.	
   Specifically,	
  the	
  Department	
  will	
  review	
  and,	
  as	
  needed,	
  modify:

 Installation	
  Master	
  Plans	
  to	
  guide	
  development	
  activities.

 Integrated	
  Natural	
  Resource	
  Management	
  Plans	
  (INRMPs), Integrated	
  Cultural	
  Resource	
  

Management	
  Plans	
  (ICRMPs),	
  and	
  Integrated	
  Pest	
  Management	
  Plans	
  (INMPs).	
  

 Design	
  and	
  construction	
  standards.	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  

 Encroachment	
  management	
  plans	
  and	
  programs.	
  	
  

 Stormwater	
  management	
  and	
  other	
  utility	
  systems.

 Facility	
  maintenance	
  and	
  repair	
  cost	
  models.	
  

 Installation-­‐level	
  water	
  resource	
  management	
  plans.

 Emergency	
  preparedness	
  and	
  response	
  planning.

ACQUISITION	
  AND SUPPLY	
  CHAIN

The	
  Department	
  depends	
  upon	
  the	
  private	
  sector	
  for	
  the	
  manufacture	
  of	
  its	
  weapons	
  systems	
  and	
  

replacement	
  parts.	
  	
  Many major	
  corporations	
  have	
  recognized	
  the	
  potential	
  effects	
  of	
  climate	
  change	
  on	
  

their	
  operations	
  and	
  are	
  aggressively	
  pursuing	
  manufacturing/supply	
  resiliency	
  efforts.	
  	
  As	
  appropriate,	
  

the	
  Department	
  will	
  seek	
  refinements	
  to	
  existing	
  processes	
  and	
  develop	
  new	
  climate-­‐specific	
  plans	
  and	
  

guidance.	
  	
  

Specifically,	
  the	
  Department	
  will	
  review	
  and,	
  as	
  needed,	
  modify:	
  

 Requirements	
  analysis	
  and	
  acquisition	
  strategies,	
  including	
  strategic	
  reserves	
  and	
  stockpiles	
  for	
  

critical	
  components.	
  	
  

U.S.	
  Marines	
  and	
  Navy	
  sailors range	
  training	
  in	
  the	
  Middle	
  

East	
  in	
  2009	
  under	
  dry	
  conditions.	
  Credit:	
  USMC	
  Cpl	
  

Robert	
  C.	
  Medina

P00000019232

Case 6:15-cv-01517-AA Document 299-94 Filed 06/28/18 Page 12 of 20
11

 New	
  and	
  existing	
  weapons	
  systems	
  and	
  their	
  associated	
  maintenance	
  plans.

 Storage,	
  distribution,	
  and	
  transportation	
  activities,	
  including	
  transportation	
  modes	
  and	
  routes.	
  	
  

ONGOING	
  EFFORTS

In	
  2013,	
  the	
  Department	
  initiated	
  a	
  review	
  of	
  existing	
  directives,	
  policies,	
  manuals,	
  and	
  associated	
  

guidance	
  documents	
  and	
  criteria	
  to	
  identify	
  which	
  ones	
  should	
  incorporate	
  considerations	
  of	
  a	
  changing	
  

climate.	
  	
  The	
  initial	
  screen	
  identified	
  58	
  documents	
  for	
  review,	
  primarily	
  associated	
  with	
  mission	
  

assurance,	
  plus	
  those	
  having	
  the	
  potential	
  to	
  adversely	
  impact	
  the	
  Department’s mission	
  if	
  climate	
  

change	
  risks	
  were	
  not	
  addressed.	
  	
  During	
  2014,	
  the	
  Department	
  will	
  work	
  within	
  the	
  existing	
  review	
  and	
  

update	
  cycle	
  to	
  establish	
  a	
  plan	
  for	
  incorporating	
  consideration	
  of	
  climate	
  change	
  into	
  the	
  appropriate	
  

documents.

Many	
  infrastructure	
  managers	
  are	
  already	
  

adapting	
  to	
  changing	
  climate	
  factors.	
  	
  Reported	
  

rebuilding	
  efforts	
  after	
  extreme	
  storms	
  include	
  

upgrading	
  to	
  more	
  wind-­‐resistant	
  structures,	
  

burying	
  utility	
  lines	
  underground,	
  changing	
  

storage	
  locations	
  for	
  chemicals	
  used	
  in	
  low-­‐lying	
  

wastewater	
  treatment	
  plants,	
  protecting	
  water	
  

supply	
  wells,	
  and	
  removing	
  vulnerable	
  trees.	
  	
  In	
  

preparation	
  for	
  the	
  possibility	
  of	
  more	
  wildfires,	
  

installations	
  reported	
  preparing	
  better	
  firebreaks	
  

and	
  making	
  timber	
  stand	
  improvements	
  to	
  reduce	
  

fire	
  fuel	
  loads.	
  	
  

The	
  2012	
  Unified	
  Facilities	
  Criteria	
  for Installation	
  

Master	
  Planning	
  (UFC	
  2-­‐100-­‐01)	
  requires	
  the	
  consideration	
  of	
  climatic	
  conditions	
  along	
  with	
  other	
  

variables	
  already	
  being	
  assessed	
  (e.g.,	
  changes	
  in	
  mission	
  requirements,	
  surrounding	
  land	
  use	
  and	
  

population	
  density,	
  and	
  infrastructure	
  assets	
  and	
  configurations	
  beyond	
  and	
  linking	
  to	
  the	
  installation).	
  

The	
  2013	
  UFC	
  for	
  High	
  Performance	
  and	
  Sustainable	
  Building	
  Requirements	
  (UFC	
  1-­‐200-­‐02),	
  mandates	
  

the	
  consideration	
  of	
  changing	
  climate	
  conditions	
  when	
  designing	
  buildings,	
  including	
  potential	
  increased	
  

heating	
  or	
  cooling	
  requirements.	
   The	
  Department	
  issued	
  a	
  Floodplain	
  Management	
  Policy	
  in	
  February	
  

2014 that	
  establishes	
  requirements	
  to	
  minimize	
  risks	
  when	
  military	
  assets	
  must	
  be	
  located	
  within	
  flood	
  

plains.	
  	
  

The	
  Department	
  is	
  exploring	
  the	
  expansion	
  of	
  applications	
  of	
  risk	
  management	
  schemes	
  already	
  in	
  use,	
  

primarily	
  within	
  the	
  Defense	
  Critical	
  Infrastructure	
  Program.	
  	
  Decisions	
  on	
  where	
  and	
  how	
  to	
  locate	
  

future	
  infrastructure	
  will	
  become	
  increasingly	
  reliant	
  on	
  robust	
  risk	
  management	
  processes	
  that	
  account	
  

for	
  dynamic	
  factors	
  associated	
  with	
  climate	
  change.	
  	
  While	
  the	
  initial	
  modifications	
  to	
  risk	
  management	
  

methodologies	
  are	
  focused	
  on	
  critical	
  infrastructure,	
  it	
  is	
  anticipated	
  that	
  the	
  Department	
  will	
  utilize	
  

them	
  across	
  all	
  decision	
  making	
  in the	
  future.

Similarly,	
  the	
  Department	
  already	
  takes	
  many	
  actions	
  addressing	
  its	
  natural	
  infrastructure.	
  	
  The	
  Natural	
  

Resources	
  Conservation	
  Program	
  policy	
  (DoDI	
  4715.03)	
  was	
  updated	
  in	
  2011	
  to	
  incorporate	
  

consideration	
  of	
  potential	
  climate	
  change	
  impacts	
  in	
  the	
  management	
  of	
  installation	
  natural	
  resources.	
  	
  

"[DoD]	
  needs	
  to	
  consider	
  all	
  aspects	
  of	
  the	
  global	
  

security	
  environment	
  and	
  plan	
  appropriately	
  for	
  

potential	
  contingencies	
  and	
  the	
  possibility	
  of	
  

unexpected	
  developments	
  both	
  in	
  the	
  near	
  and	
  the	
  

longer	
  terms.	
  It	
  is	
  in	
  this	
  context	
  that	
  the	
  Department	
  

of	
  Defense	
  must	
  consider	
  the	
  effects	
  of	
  climate	
  

change	
  ...	
  and	
  how	
  these	
  effects	
  could	
  impact	
  our	
  

national	
  security."	
  

-­‐ Dr.	
  Daniel	
  Chiu

Deputy	
  Assistant	
  Secretary	
  of	
  Defense	
  for	
  Strategy	
  

and	
  Force	
  Development,	
  Testimony	
  to	
  the	
  Senate	
  

Defense	
  Appropriations	
  Subcommittee,	
  May	
  21,	
  2014

P00000019233

Case 6:15-cv-01517-AA Document 299-94 Filed 06/28/18 Page 13 of 20
12

These	
  considerations	
  are	
  documented	
  in	
  the	
  INRMPs	
  which	
  are	
  coordinated	
  with the	
  appropriate	
  fish	
  

and	
  wildlife	
  management	
  agencies.	
  	
  The	
  INRMP	
  Implementation Guide	
  (DoDM	
  4715.03) was	
  issued	
  in	
  

November 2013	
  and	
  provides	
  specific	
  direction	
  for	
  how	
  INRMPs	
  should	
  incorporate	
  climate	
  change.	
  	
  

Adaptive	
  management	
  approaches	
  are	
  the	
  foundation	
  for sustainable	
  use	
  of	
  natural	
  resources	
  to	
  

support	
  mission	
  needs,	
  meet	
  stewardship	
  requirements,	
  and	
  contribute	
  to	
  ecosystem	
  resilience	
  in	
  the	
  

face	
  of	
  climate	
  change.	
  	
  Maintaining	
  ecosystem	
  resilience	
  is	
  a	
  key	
  adaptation	
  strategy	
  given	
  the	
  

uncertainty	
  of	
  potential	
  impacts.	
  	
  

The	
  Department	
  is	
  actively	
  conducting	
  research	
  that	
  will	
  support	
  further	
  integration	
  of	
  climate	
  change.	
  	
  

This	
  includes	
  projects	
  that:	
   assess	
  potential	
  changes	
  in	
  the	
  intensity,	
  duration,	
  and	
  frequency	
  of	
  

extreme	
  precipitation	
  events,	
  including	
  changes	
  in	
  the	
  timing	
  and	
  intensity	
  of	
  snowmelt	
  and	
  subsequent	
  

run-­‐off	
  events;	
  include	
  development	
  of	
  adaptive	
  decision	
  frameworks;	
  and	
  address	
  understanding	
  the	
  

characteristics	
  of	
  species	
  that	
  are	
  either conservation	
  (management)	
  reliant	
  or adaptable	
  to	
  potential	
  

changes	
  in	
  climate	
  and	
  human	
  activities. 

GOAL	
  3:	
  	
  COLLABORATE WITH	
  INTERNAL	
  AND	
  EXTERNAL	
  STAKEHOLDERS	
  ON	
  CLIMATE	
  

CHANGE	
  CHALLENGES

Overview.	
  	
  Promote	
  deliberate	
  collaboration	
  with	
  stakeholders	
  – across	
  the	
  Department	
  and	
  with	
  other	
  

Federal,	
  State,	
  local,	
  tribal	
  and	
  international	
  agencies	
  and	
  organizations	
  -­‐ in	
  addressing	
  climate	
  change	
  

considerations.	
  	
  This	
  collaboration	
  may	
  include	
  expanded	
  operations,	
  adaptation	
  strategies	
  and	
  

research.	
  	
  

Partnerships	
  are needed	
  to	
  fully	
  ensure	
  the	
  Department’s	
  mission	
  is	
  sustainable	
  under	
  climate	
  change.	
  	
  

The	
  Department	
  cannot	
  effectively	
  assess	
  its	
  vulnerabilities and	
  implement	
  adaptive	
  responses	
  at	
  its	
  

installations	
  if	
  neighbors	
  and	
  stakeholders	
  are	
  not	
  part	
  of	
  the	
  process.	
  	
  The	
  Department’s	
  decisions	
  and	
  

those	
  of	
  neighboring communities are	
  intrinsically	
  interconnected. Aspects	
  of	
  our	
  mission, such	
  as	
  

Force	
  deployment, may	
  be	
  affected	
  by	
  assets	
  outside	
  our control,	
  such	
  as	
  transportation	
  infrastructure.	
  	
  

The	
  complexities	
  and	
  uncertainties	
  of	
  climate	
  change	
  require	
  a	
  whole-­‐of-­‐government	
  approach. The	
  

Department	
  already	
  participates	
  in	
  nationwide	
  efforts	
  such as	
  the	
  U.S.	
  Global	
  Change	
  Research	
  Program	
  

and	
  the	
  National	
  Climate	
  Assessment	
  sustained	
  assessment	
  process. It	
  also	
  partners with	
  individual	
  

agencies	
  such	
  as	
  the	
  National	
  Oceanic and	
  Atmospheric	
  Administration	
  on,	
  for	
  example,	
  the	
  

development	
  and	
  operational	
  implementation	
  of	
  a	
  national	
  Earth	
  System	
  Prediction	
  Capability.	
  	
  

The	
  Department	
  is	
  also	
  represented	
  on	
  all	
  of	
  the	
  

councils	
  and	
  working	
  groups	
  established	
  under	
  EO	
  

13653 and	
  will	
  continue	
  to	
  participate	
  in	
  federal	
  

climate	
  partnerships	
  and	
  other	
  interagency	
  processes.	
  

The	
  Department,	
  through	
  the	
  Air	
  Force	
  Weather	
  

Agency, contributes	
  earth-­‐space	
  environmental	
  data,	
  

receiving	
  nearly	
  500,000	
  weather	
  observations	
  and	
  

satellite-­‐derived	
  wind	
  profiles	
  each	
  day	
  and	
  sharing	
  

these	
  data	
  with	
  the	
  National	
  Climatic	
  Data	
  Center	
  and	
  

the	
  Navy’s	
  Fleet	
  Numerical	
  Meteorological	
  and	
  

Oceanographic	
  Center. 

“Climate	
  change	
  also	
  creates	
  both	
  a	
  need	
  and	
  

an	
  opportunity	
  for	
  nations	
  to	
  work	
  together,	
  

which	
  the	
  Department	
  will	
  seize	
  through	
  a	
  

range	
  of	
  initiatives.	
  	
  We	
  are	
  developing	
  new

policies,	
  strategies,	
  and	
  plans,	
  including	
  the	
  

Department’s Arctic	
  Strategy	
  and	
  our	
  work	
  in	
  

building	
  humanitarian	
  assistance	
  and	
  disaster	
  

response capabilities,	
  both	
  within	
  the	
  

Department	
  and	
  with	
  our	
  allies	
  and	
  partners.”

-­‐ 2014	
  Quadrennial	
  Defense	
  Review

P00000019234

Case 6:15-cv-01517-AA Document 299-94 Filed 06/28/18 Page 14 of 20
13

PLANS	
  AND	
  OPERATIONS

Collaboration	
  is essential	
  to	
  effectively	
  adapting	
  Department plans	
  and	
  operations,	
  and	
  the	
  Department	
  

will	
  enhance	
  collaboration	
  within	
  the	
  Department	
  itself,	
  across	
  the	
  Federal	
  Government,	
  and	
  with	
  external	
  

entities	
  that	
  include	
  partner	
  nations,	
  non-­‐government	
  organizations,	
  and	
  the	
  private	
  sector.	
  	
  Focus	
  areas	
  

include:

 Cooperation	
  with	
  the Coast	
  Guard,	
  other	
  agencies, and	
  other	
  Arctic	
  nations	
  to	
  ensure	
  that	
  the	
  

increasingly	
  accessible	
  Arctic	
  region	
  remains	
  peaceful	
  and	
  open	
  to	
  all	
  nations.	
  	
  

 Continued	
  collaboration	
  with	
  the	
  State	
  Department	
  and	
  foreign	
  militaries	
  to	
  improve	
  vulnerability	
  

assessments and	
  adaptation	
  efforts.

 Collaboration	
  with	
  interagency,	
  state,	
  and	
  local	
  officials	
  to	
  streamline	
  and	
  integrate	
  responses	
  to	
  

extreme	
  weather	
  events	
  in	
  the	
  U.S.	
  

 Cooperation	
  with	
  partner	
  nations	
  to	
  enhance	
  planning,	
  responses,	
  and	
  resilience	
  to	
  the	
  effects	
  of	
  

climate	
  change.

TRAINING	
  AND	
  TESTING

The	
  anticipated	
  effects	
  of	
  climate	
  change	
  on	
  the	
  Department’s	
  ability	
  to	
  train	
  and	
  test	
  will	
  drive	
  the	
  need	
  

for	
  creative	
  collaboration	
  at	
  multiple	
  levels.	
  	
  Focus	
  areas	
  include:

 Shared	
  use	
  of	
  training	
  and	
  testing	
  assets	
  within	
  the	
  Department	
  and	
  with	
  our	
  Allies.	
  

 Collaboration with	
  maritime	
  and	
  land	
  management	
  agencies.	
  	
  

 Collaboration	
  with	
  the	
  medical	
  and	
  research	
  communities	
  to	
  address	
  health	
  surveillance	
  and	
  disease	
  

treatment	
  programs.

BUILT	
  AND	
  NATURAL	
  INFRASTRUCTURE

Effective	
  collaboration	
  with	
  internal	
  and	
  external	
  stakeholders	
  will	
  be	
  required	
  to	
  address	
  myriad built	
  and	
  

natural	
  infrastructure	
  challenges.	
   Focus	
  areas	
  include:

 Collaboration on	
  design,	
  construction,	
  and	
  

operation	
  of	
  high-­‐performance	
  sustainable	
  

buildings and	
  construction	
  standards.	
  	
  

 Collaboration	
  with	
  surrounding	
  communities	
  for

planning	
  climate	
  change	
  adaptation	
  and	
  

emergency	
  preparedness	
  and	
  response.

 Collaboration with	
  other	
  land/resource	
  

management	
  agencies	
  with	
  regard	
  to	
  

encroachment	
  challenges.

 Expansion	
  of	
  partnerships	
  with	
  external,	
  non-­‐

federal	
  government	
  land	
  and	
  resource	
  stewardship	
  

organizations.	
  

 For	
  overseas	
  installations,	
  coordination	
  with	
  host	
  nation	
  military and	
  other	
  appropriate	
  

organizations.

Secretary	
  Hagel	
  hosted	
  10	
  defense	
  ministers	
  of	
  the	
  

Association	
  of	
  Southeast	
  Asian	
  Nations	
  on	
  April	
  2,	
  2014.	
  

One	
  topic	
  was	
  collaboration	
  on	
  non-­‐traditional	
  security	
  

challenges,	
  such	
  as	
  climate	
  change	
  and	
  natural	
  disasters.	
  

Credit:	
  DoD	
  Photo	
  by	
  Erin	
  A.	
  Kirk-­‐Cuomo

P00000019235

Case 6:15-cv-01517-AA Document 299-94 Filed 06/28/18 Page 15 of 20
14

ACQUISITION	
  AND	
  SUPPLY	
  CHAIN

Collaboration	
  with	
  the	
  private	
  sector,	
  including	
  major	
  manufacturing,	
  supply,	
  and	
  transportation	
  

corporations,	
  may	
  enable	
  the	
  Department	
  to	
  leverage	
  best	
  practices	
  and	
  adaptation	
  strategies	
  to	
  

increase	
  resiliency	
  in	
  the	
  Department’s	
  acquisition	
  and	
  supply	
  enterprises.	
  	
  Focus	
  areas	
  include:

 Collaboration with	
  external	
  producers	
  and	
  suppliers,	
  transportation	
  networks,	
  and	
  inventory	
  

management	
  entities.

 Collaboration	
  with industry	
  as	
  part	
  of	
  the	
  acquisition	
  and	
  procurement	
  process.	
  	
  

 Collaboration	
  within	
  the	
  Department	
  to	
  increase	
  shared	
  use	
  of	
  supply/resupply	
  networks	
  and	
  

maintenance	
  facilities.	
  	
  

 Collaboration	
  with	
  other	
  Federal	
  Agencies	
  to	
  leverage	
  best	
  practices	
  and	
  adaptation	
  strategies.

P00000019236

Case 6:15-cv-01517-AA Document 299-94 Filed 06/28/18 Page 16 of 20
15

Annex	
  1.	
   Cross Reference:	
  	
  EO	
  13653	
  Implementation	
  Requirements	
  vs.	
  Roadmap	
  

Preparing	
  Federal	
  Agency	
  Climate	
  Change	
  Adaptation	
  Plans	
  in	
  

Accordance	
  with	
  Executive	
  Order	
  13653	
  (12/19/13)

Department	
  of	
  Defense	
  FY	
  2014	
  Climate	
  

Change	
  Adaptation	
  Roadmap

Planning	
  Requirements NA

Affirming	
  Agency	
  Commitment	
  – Policy	
  Framework	
  for	
  Climate	
  Change	
  

Adaptation

Policy	
  Framework	
  for	
  Climate	
  Change	
  

Adaptation

Planning	
  for	
  Climate	
  Change	
  Related	
  Risk:	
  Section	
  5(a)	
  of	
  E.O.	
  13653	
  states	
  

that,	
  “each	
  agency	
  shall	
  develop	
  or	
  continue	
  to	
  develop,	
  implement,	
  and	
  

update	
  comprehensive	
  plans	
  that	
  integrate	
  consideration	
  of	
  climate	
  change	
  

into	
  agency	
  operations	
  and	
  overall	
  mission	
  objectives...”

NA

i.	
  identification and assessment	
  of climate change related impacts	
  on	
  and

risks	
  to	
  the	
  agency’s	
  ability	
  to	
  accomplish its	
  missions,	
  operations,	
  and

programs

Goal	
  1:	
  Identify	
  and	
  assess	
  the	
  effects	
  of	
  climate	
  

change	
  on	
  the	
  Department

ii.	
  description	
  of programs,	
  policies,	
  and plans	
  the agency	
  has	
  already	
  put	
  in	
  

place,	
  as	
  well as	
  additional	
  actions	
  the	
  agency	
  will	
  take, to manage climate

risks	
  in the near	
  term and build resilience in the short	
  and long	
  term

Goal	
  2:	
  Integrate	
  climate	
  change	
  considerations	
  

across	
  the	
  Department	
  and	
  manage	
  associated	
  

risks

iii.	
  a	
  description	
  of how any	
  climate change related risk identified	
  pursuant	
  

to	
  paragraph (i)	
  of this	
  subsection	
  that is	
  deemed so	
  significant	
  that it	
  

impairs	
  an	
  agency’s	
  statutory mission or operation will be addressed,	
  

including	
  through the	
  agency’s	
  existing	
  reporting	
  requirements

Goal	
  1:	
  Identify	
  and	
  assess	
  the	
  effects	
  of	
  climate	
  

change	
  on	
  the	
  Department

iv.	
  a	
  description	
  of	
  how	
  the	
  agency	
  will	
  consider	
  the	
  need	
  to	
  improve	
  

climate	
  adaptation	
  and	
  resilience,	
  including	
  the	
  costs	
  and	
  benefits	
  of	
  such	
  

improvement,	
  with	
  respect	
  to	
  agency	
  suppliers,	
  supply	
  chain,	
  real	
  property	
  

investments,	
  and	
  capital	
  equipment	
  purchases	
  such	
  as	
  updating	
  agency	
  

policies	
  for	
  leasing,	
  building	
  upgrades,	
  relocation	
  of	
  existing	
  facilities	
  and	
  

equipment,	
  and	
  construction	
  of	
  new	
  facilities

Goal	
  2:	
  Integrate	
  climate	
  change	
  considerations	
  

across	
  the	
  Department	
  and	
  manage	
  associated	
  

risks

v.	
  a	
  description	
  of how the agency	
  will	
  contribute to	
  coordinated

interagency	
  efforts	
  to	
  support	
  climate preparedness	
  and resilience at	
  all	
  

levels	
  of government,	
  including	
  collaborative	
  work across	
  agencies’	
  regional	
  

offices	
  and hubs,	
  and through	
  coordinated development	
  of information,	
  

data,	
  and tools,	
  consistent	
  with section	
  4	
  of	
  this order.	
  [Note:	
  section	
  4	
  is	
  

‘providing	
  information,	
  data,	
  and	
  tools....’]

Goal	
  3: Collaborate	
  with	
  internal	
  and	
  external	
  

stakeholders	
  on	
  climate	
  change	
  challenges

Modernizing	
  Federal	
  Programs	
  and	
  Policies	
  to	
  Support	
  Climate	
  Resilient	
  

Investment: Section	
  2(a)	
  of	
  E.O.	
  13653	
  states	
  that	
  Federal	
  agencies	
  shall	
  

address	
  efforts	
  to	
  modernize Federal	
  programs	
  and	
  policies	
  “(To)	
  support	
  

the	
  efforts	
  of	
  regions,	
  States,	
  local	
  communities,	
  and	
  tribes,	
  ...	
  consistent	
  

with	
  their	
  missions	
  and	
  in	
  coordination	
  with	
  the	
  Council	
  on	
  Climate	
  

Preparedness	
  and	
  Resilience	
  (Council)	
  established	
  in	
  section	
  6	
  of	
  this	
  

order...”	
  That	
  section	
  also	
  states	
  that	
  agencies	
  shall	
  “report	
  on	
  their	
  

progress	
  in	
  achieving	
  the	
  requirements	
  identified	
  above,	
  including	
  

accomplished	
  and	
  planned	
  milestones,	
  in	
  the	
  Agency	
  Adaptation	
  Plans	
  

developed	
  pursuant	
  to	
  section	
  5	
  of	
  this	
  order.”

NA

IV.i.	
  identify	
  and	
  seek	
  to	
  remove	
  or	
  reform	
  barriers	
  that	
  discourage	
  

investments	
  or	
  other	
  actions	
  to	
  increase	
  the	
  Nation's	
  resilience	
  to	
  climate	
  

change	
  while	
  ensuring	
  continued	
  protection	
  of	
  public	
  health	
  and	
  the	
  

environment

Goal	
  1:	
  Identify	
  and	
  assess	
  the	
  effects	
  of	
  climate	
  

change	
  on	
  the	
  Department

IV.ii.	
  reform	
  policies	
  and	
  Federal	
  funding	
  programs	
  that	
  may,	
  perhaps	
  

unintentionally,	
  increase	
  the	
  vulnerability	
  of	
  natural	
  or	
  built	
  systems,	
  

economic	
  sectors,	
  natural	
  resources,	
  or	
  communities	
  to	
  climate	
  change	
  

related	
  risks

Goal	
  2:	
  Integrate	
  climate	
  change	
  considerations	
  

across	
  the	
  Department	
  and	
  manage	
  associated	
  

risks

IV.iii.	
  identify	
  opportunities	
  to	
  support	
  and	
  encourage	
  smarter,	
  more	
  

climate-­‐resilient	
  investments	
  by	
  States,	
  local	
  communities,	
  and	
  tribes,	
  

including	
  by	
  providing	
  incentives	
  through	
  agency	
  guidance,	
  grants,	
  

technical	
  assistance,	
  performance	
  measures,	
  safety	
  considerations,	
  and	
  

other	
  programs.

Goal	
  3:	
  Collaborate	
  with	
  internal	
  and	
  external	
  

stakeholders	
  on	
  climate	
  change	
  challenges

Senior	
  Level	
  Commitment...	
  updated	
  Plans	
  must	
  be	
  reviewed	
  and	
  signed	
  by	
  

the	
  agency	
  representative	
  to	
  the	
  Council.

Policy	
  Framework	
  for	
  Climate	
  Change	
  

Adaptation

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Case 6:15-cv-01517-AA Document 299-94 Filed 06/28/18 Page 17 of 20
16

Annex	
  2.	
  	
   High-­‐Level	
  Summary	
  of	
  Potential	
  Impacts

Potential	
  Effects	
  of	
  Climate	
  Change	
  on	
  the	
  Department

Plans	
  and	
  Operations

• Increased	
  demand	
  for	
  DSCA.

• Increased	
  demand	
  for	
  disaster	
  relief	
  and	
  humanitarian	
  assistance	
  overseas.

• Increased	
  need	
  for	
  air,	
  sea,	
  and	
  land	
  capabilities	
  and	
  capacity	
  in	
  the	
  Arctic	
  region.

• Altered,	
  limited	
  or	
  constrained	
  environment	
  for	
  military	
  operations.

• Instability	
  within	
  and	
  among	
  other	
  nations.

Training	
  &	
  Testing

• Increased	
  number	
  of	
  ‘black	
  flag’	
  (suspended	
  outdoor	
  training)	
  or	
  fire	
  hazard	
  days.	
  	
  

• Decreased	
  training/testing	
  land	
  carrying	
  capacity	
  to	
  support	
  current	
  testing	
  and	
  training	
  rotation	
  types	
  or	
  

levels.	
  	
  Some	
  training/testing	
  lands	
  may	
  lose	
  their	
  carrying	
  capacity	
  altogether.	
  

• Increased	
  dust	
  generation	
  during	
  training	
  activities,	
  which	
  may	
  interfere	
  with	
  sensitive	
  equipment,	
  resulting	
  

in	
  greater	
  repairs,	
  or	
  may	
  require	
  more	
  extensive	
  dust	
  control	
  measures	
  to	
  meet	
  environmental	
  compliance	
  

requirements.	
  

• Stressed	
  threatened	
  and	
  endangered	
  species	
  and	
  related	
  ecosystems,	
  on	
  and	
  adjacent	
  to	
  DoD	
  installations,	
  

resulting	
  in	
  increased	
  endangered	
  species	
  and	
  land	
  management	
  requirements.	
  

• Increased	
  operational	
  health	
  surveillance	
  and	
  health	
  and	
  safety	
  risks	
  to	
  the	
  Department’s	
  personnel.

• Increased	
  maintenance/repair	
  requirements	
  for	
  training/testing	
  lands	
  and	
  associated	
  infrastructure	
  and	
  

equipment	
  (e.g.,	
  training	
  roads,	
  targets)

Built	
  &	
  Natural	
  Infrastructure

• Increased	
  inundation,	
  erosion,	
  and	
  flooding	
  damage.

• Changing	
  building	
  heating	
  and	
  cooling	
  demand,	
  impacting	
  installation	
  energy	
  intensity	
  and	
  operating	
  costs.

• Disruption	
  to	
  and	
  competition	
  for	
  reliable	
  energy	
  and	
  fresh	
  water	
  supplies.

• Damage	
  from	
  thawing	
  permafrost	
  and	
  sea	
  ice	
  in	
  Alaska	
  and	
  the	
  Arctic	
  region.	
  

• Increased	
  ecosystem,	
  wetland,	
  sensitive	
  species,	
  and	
  non-­‐native	
  invasive	
  species	
  management	
  challenges.	
  

• Increased	
  maintenance	
  requirements	
  for	
  runways	
  or	
  roads	
  to	
  remain	
  operable	
  during	
  extreme	
  hot	
  days.

• Changed	
  disease	
  vector	
  distribution,	
  increasing	
  the	
  complexity	
  and	
  cost	
  of	
  on-­‐going	
  disease	
  management	
  

efforts.

Acquisition	
  &	
  Supply	
  Chain

• Changed	
  operational	
  parameters	
  for	
  current	
  and	
  planned	
  weapons	
  and	
  equipment,	
  resulting	
  in	
  increased	
  

associated	
  maintenance	
  requirements	
  or	
  requirements	
  for	
  new	
  equipment.

• Reduced	
  availability	
  of	
  or	
  access	
  to	
  the	
  materials,	
  resources,	
  and	
  industrial infrastructure	
  needed	
  to	
  

manufacture	
  the	
  Department’s	
  weapon	
  systems	
  and	
  supplies.	
  

• Interrupted	
  shipment,	
  delivery	
  or	
  storage/stockpile	
  of	
  materials	
  or	
  manufactured	
  equipment	
  and	
  supplies.	
  

• Alterations	
  in	
  storage	
  and	
  stockpile	
  activities.

• Reduced	
  or	
  changed	
  availability	
  and	
  access	
  to	
  food	
  and	
  water	
  sources	
  to	
  support	
  personnel.

P00000019238

Case 6:15-cv-01517-AA Document 299-94 Filed 06/28/18 Page 18 of 20
ON THE BACK COVER

THE 17- AND 15-STORY OFFICE TOWERS AT THE DoD MARK CENTER 

COMPLEX IN ALEXANDRIA, VA., COMPLETED IN 2011, CONSOLIDATED 

ABOUT 6,400 EMPLOYEES FROM VARIOUS DoD AND RELATED AGENCIES 

THROUGHOUT THE NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION. THE PROJECT WAS 

PART OF THE 2005 BASE REALIGNMENT AND CLOSURE (BRAC) MANDATE 

AND INCLUDES THE TALLEST STRUCTURES EVER BUILT BY THE U.S. ARMY 

CORPS OF ENGINEERS. THE ARMY CORPS’ NEW YORK DISTRICT MANAGED 

THE DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF THE $1.08 BILLION PROJECT. THE 

DoD MARK CENTER COMPLEX IS CERTIFIED BY THE U.S. GREEN BUILDING 

COUNCIL FOR LEADERSHIP IN ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN, 

OR LEED GOLD.

PHOTO CREDIT: MARC BARNES, ARMY MEDICINE

SEAMAN RECRUITS JAMAL POWELL (LEFT) 

AND STEPHEN HARMON STAND THE 

FORWARD LOOKOUT WATCH ABOARD THE 

GUIDED-MISSILE CRUISER USS NORMANDY 

(CG 60) AS THE SHIP NAVIGATES THROUGH 

AN ICE FIELD IN THE ARCTIC CIRCLE NORTH 

OF ICELAND ON JUNE 12, 2007. 

CREDIT: U.S. NAVY, LTJG RYAN BIRKELBACH

ROADWAY ALONG FARMER’S LOOP ROAD 

AT THE U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS 

COLD REGIONS RESEARCH ENGINEERING 

LABORATORY FACILITY IN FAIRBANKS, 

ALASKA EXHIBITS A RESPONSE TO 

THAWING PERMAFROST. 

CREDIT: USACE, TOM DOUGLAS

A C130J FROM THE 146TH AIRLIFT WING 

IN PORT HUENEME, CALIF., DROPS A 

LINE OF RETARDANT OVER THE TREES IN 

THE MOUNTAINS ABOVE PALM SPRINGS 

JULY 19, 2013.

CREDIT: AIR NATIONAL GUARD, SrA

NICHOLAS CARZIS

DAMAGE FROM SEVERE PRECIPITATION 

AND FLASH FLOODING AT FT. IRWIN, 

CALIFORNIA, AUGUST 2013. 

CREDIT: U.S. ARMY

ARMY TESTS NETWORK CAPABILITIES AT NIE 14.2. 

CREDIT: NANCY JONESBONBREST, PEO C3T 

HATCHLINGS FROM ENDANGERED SEA TURTLES ARE RELEASED INTO THE 

ATLANTIC OCEAN NEAR KENNEDY 

SPACE CENTER/CAPE CANAVERAL. 

CREDIT: NASA, KIM SHIFLETT

NORTH DAKOTA NATIONAL GUARD VEHICLES PATROL ONE OF THE MANDATORY EVACUATION ZONES IN MINOT, N.D. JUNE 22, 2011, FLOODED BY 

THE RISING WATER OF THE SOURIS RIVER. THE PATROLS ENSURE THAT ALL 

CITIZENS HAVE EVACUATED THEIR HOMES AND RENDER ANY REQUIRED 

ASSISTANCE. 

CREDIT: USAF, SMSgt DAVID LIPP

ON THE FRONT COVER

P00000019239

Case 6:15-cv-01517-AA Document 299-94 Filed 06/28/18 Page 19 of 20
Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense (Energy, Installations & Environment)

Environment, Safety & Occupational Health Directorate

4800 Mark Center Drive, Suite 17D08

Alexandria, VA 22350-3605

June 2014

P00000019240

Case 6:15-cv-01517-AA Document 299-94 Filed 06/28/18 Page 20 of 20