DISTRICT COURT OF APPEAL OF THE STATE OF FLORIDA

FOURTH DISTRICT

THE STERLING VILLAGES OF PALM BEACH LAKES CONDOMINIUM 

ASSOCIATION, INC., a Florida corporation not-for-profit,

Appellant,

v.

JOEL LACROZE,

Appellee.

No. 4D17-1385

[September 12, 2018]

Appeal and cross-appeal from the Circuit Court for the Fifteenth 

Judicial Circuit, Palm Beach County; Cymonie S. Rowe, Judge; L.T. Case 

No. 50-2013-CA-012940-XXXX-MB.

Steven H. Meyer of CPLS, P.A., Orlando, for appellant.

Joel Lacroze, Greenacres, pro se.

ON MOTION FOR REHEARING

CONNER, J.

We grant the Appellant’s motion for rehearing, withdraw our opinion 

dated July 5, 2018, and issue the following in its place:

The Sterling Villages of Palm Beach Lakes Condominium Association, 

Inc. (“Sterling Villages”) appeals the final judgment entered in its favor, 

against Joel Lacroze (“the Homeowner”), asserting the trial court erred by:

(1) awarding an arbitrary sum that reflects a portion of the assessments 

that accrued after the Homeowner took title to the unit; (2) failing to award 

Sterling Villages the unpaid assessments that accrued prior to the 

Homeowner taking title to the unit; (3) awarding sums as of the date of the 

judgment rather than the date of the trial; and (4) determining entitlement 

to prejudgment interest, but not determining the amount of prejudgment 

interest awarded. The Homeowner cross-appeals, raising multiple issues 

revolving around the contention that the trial court erred in determining 

that he failed to prove a prima facie case. As both parties acknowledge, 

there is no transcript of the non-jury trial in the record on appeal. Without 
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a transcript of the nonjury trial, Sterling Villages is unable to demonstrate 

that the trial court erred. See Applegate v. Barnett Bank of Tallahassee, 

377 So. 2d 1150, 1152 (Fla. 1979) (“In appellate proceedings the decision 

of a trial court has the presumption of correctness and the burden is on 

the appellant to demonstrate error. The Applegates correctly point to the 

lack of a trial transcript or a proper substitute as fatally flawing the 

appellate court’s ruling.”). Thus, we affirm the trial court’s rulings and 

final judgment as to all issues raised, but remand the case back to the 

trial court to determine and enter judgment for the amount of prejudgment

interest to be awarded to Sterling Villages.

Background

Sterling Villages is a residential condominium association. The 

Homeowner acquired title to a unit in the condominium as the successful 

bidder at a foreclosure sale. A dispute arose as to the amount of money 

the Homeowner owed to Sterling Villages, for assessments both pre-dating 

and after his ownership in the unit, leading to the Homeowner filing suit 

against Sterling Villages and the previous owner of the unit. 

The complaint alleged five counts, three against Sterling Villages and 

two against the prior owner. As to Sterling Villages, the Homeowner 

sought an accounting, injunctive relief, and damages (due to the inability 

to sell or rent the unit based on a cloud on the title caused by the unpaid 

assessments). The complaint alleged that Sterling Villages had not 

followed several requirements of the Florida Condominium Act since 2007, 

rendering the purported assessments after 2007 invalid.

Sterling Villages filed a counterclaim seeking damages for unpaid 

assessments both prior to and after the Homeowner acquired title to the 

unit. After filing a claim of lien against the Homeowner, Sterling Villages 

amended its counterclaim to include a count for foreclosure of the claim 

of lien. 

The case proceeded to a nonjury trial. After the trial concluded, the 

trial court entered an order stating the trial court’s findings. After denying 

several post-trial motions, the trial court entered a final judgment 

adjudicating that the Homeowner “shall take nothing from the action,” and 

that the Homeowner owed Sterling Villages a specific amount of damages 

for unpaid assessments, “plus prejudgment interest from February 27, 

2014” (the date the claim of lien was recorded). The trial court “reserve[d] 

jurisdiction to consider entitlement to further injunctive relief, and the 

parties’ entitlement and amount of attorney’s fees and costs, if any.” 
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After the final judgment was entered, Sterling Villages filed a motion to 

correct what it perceived to be inconsistencies in the final judgment,

seeking, among other things, a revision of the final judgment to award 

prejudgment interest to the dates the unpaid assessments became due, 

rather than the date the claim of lien was recorded. Additionally, Sterling 

Villages filed a motion for additur, seeking, among other things, a revision 

of the final judgment to reflect a specific amount of prejudgment interest 

it contended was owed.

The trial court denied Sterling Villages’s motions, without elaboration, 

whereupon Sterling Villages gave notice of appeal. The Homeowner gave 

notice of cross-appeal. 

Appellate Analysis

“A trial court’s decision concerning a [party]’s entitlement to 

prejudgment interest is reviewed de novo.” Berloni S.p.A. v. Della Casa, 

LLC, 972 So. 2d 1007, 1011 (Fla. 4th DCA 2008).

“The purpose of the award of prejudgment interest is to make the 

plaintiff whole from the date of the loss once the jury determines the 

defendant’s liability for damages and their amount.” Capitol Envtl. Servs., 

Inc. v. Earth Tech, Inc., 25 So. 3d 593, 597 (Fla. 1st DCA 2009). “Once the 

[finder of fact] sets the amount of damages to be awarded, the damages 

are retroactively considered liquidated damages, and the plaintiff is 

entitled to prejudgment interest back to the date that the damages were 

due.” Id. “Once liquidated damages have been determined, a trial court 

must award prejudgment interest.” SP Healthcare Holdings, LLC v. 

Surgery Ctr. Holdings, LLC, 208 So. 3d 775, 780 (Fla. 2d DCA 2016). 

[I]f a plaintiff establishes that he sustained out-of-pocket loss, 

prejudgment interest must be awarded from the date of the 

loss. The trial court has no discretion with regard to awarding 

prejudgment interest and must do so applying the statutory 

rate of interest in effect at the time the interest accrues. 

Summerton v. Mamele, 711 So. 2d 131, 133 (Fla. 5th DCA 1998).

In Westgate Miami Beach, LTD. v. Newport Operating Corp., 55 So. 3d 

567 (Fla. 2010), our supreme court held that a trial court can properly 

reserve jurisdiction in a final judgment to award prejudgment interest in 

a manner similar to attorneys’ fees and costs. Id. at 574-75. The Westgate

court also added:
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Finally, we note that when a trial court enters a final judgment 

reserving jurisdiction to award prejudgment interest, the final 

judgment should be clear as to whether entitlement to 

prejudgment interest has been determined and whether all that 

remains is the calculation of the amount. This clarity is 

important because it will affect whether the issue of 

entitlement is reviewable on appeal from the final judgment.

Id. at 577 (emphasis added). 

Although not a model of clarity, in terms of expressing the intent to 

reserve jurisdiction to determine the amount of prejudgment interest 

owed, we are satisfied that the final judgment in the instant case liquidated 

the amount due for past accrued assessments and determined that 

Sterling Villages was entitled to prejudgment interest beginning on a 

specific date.

Having determined the trial court did not err in determining entitlement 

to prejudgment interest, we remand for the trial court to calculate the 

amount of prejudgment interest owed, if it has not already done so during 

the pendency of this appeal. See Shuck v. Smalls, 101 So. 3d 924, 929 

(Fla. 4th DCA 2012). Prejudgment interest should be calculated from the 

date when unpaid assessments became due. See First Equitable Realty III, 

Ltd. v. The Grandview Palace Condo. Assoc., Inc., 246 So. 3d 445 (Fla. 3d 

DCA 2018).

Affirmed and remanded with instructions.

GERBER, C.J., and GROSS, J., concur.

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