PAGE 1 – OPINION AND ORDER

IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

FOR THE DISTRICT OF OREGON

AUTOBIDMASTER, LLC,

Plaintiff,

v.

ALPINE AUTO GALLERY, LLC, et al.,

Defendants.

Case No. 3:14-cv-1083-AC

OPINION AND ORDER

Michael H. Simon, District Judge.

United States Magistrate Judge John V. Acosta issued Findings and Recommendation 

(“F&R”) in this case on April 8, 2015. Dkt. 40. Judge Acosta recommended that Defendant 

Alpine Auto Gallery’s (“Alpine”) motion to dismiss for lack of personal jurisdiction, alternative 

motion to transfer venue, and motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim be granted in part and 

denied in part. Dkt. 18.1Specifically, Judge Acosta recommended denying the motion to dismiss 

based on jurisdiction, denying the motion to transfer venue, and granting the motion to dismiss 

for failure to state claim because of Plaintiff’s “shotgun” pleading. 

 

1 Defendant Edward Agabs joined in Alpine’s motion to dismiss (Dkt. 29). The F&R 

erroneously cites to Docket 29, Agabs’s joinder, as Alpine’s motion to dismiss. Alpine’s motion 

to dismiss is Docket 18.

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Under the Federal Magistrates Act (“Act”), the Court may “accept, reject, or modify, in 

whole or in part, the findings or recommendations made by the magistrate.” 28 U.S.C. 

§ 636(b)(1)(C). If a party files objections to a magistrate’s findings and recommendations, “the 

court shall make a de novo determination of those portions of the report or specified proposed 

findings or recommendations to which objection is made.” Id.; Fed. R. Civ. P. 72(b)(3). 

Alpine timely filed an objection to the F&R. Dkt.42. Plaintiff did not respond to Alpine’s 

objections. The Court conducts a de novo review of the objected-to portions of the F&R, 

including reviewing the original briefing and evidence submitted before Judge Acosta.

A. Portions of the F&R to Which Alpine Objected

In its objection, Alpine argues that the F&R erroneously found specific personal 

jurisdiction over Alpine based on the incorrect conclusions that whether Alpine was associated 

with the website www.winday.com and whether Agabs was an agent or employee of Alpine are 

contradicted such that Plaintiff is entitled to resolution of those conflicts in Plaintiff’s favor. 

Alpine also objects that even if personal jurisdiction over it is proper, the F&R improperly 

denied transferring venue to New Jersey.

1. Evidence submitted

Alpine submitted declarations from one of its members, Angelo Koutsavlis, attesting to 

the fact that Agabs was not an employee of Alpine, that Alpine did not authorize Agabs to 

register or operate the domains www.winday.com, www.autobidmaser.com, or 

www.autobidmater.com, that Alpine did not authorize Agabs to act as Alpine’s agent with 

respect to those domains, and that Alpine itself did not register or operate www.winday.com. 

Mr. Koutsavlis further stated that Agabs was hired to create a new web site for Alpine, but that 

the new website was never developed. 

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Plaintiff submitted screen shots of the website www.winday.com from immediately 

before this lawsuit was filed that repeatedly reference Alpine. For example, under “How WinDay 

Works,” the WinDay website set out three steps, with step three stating “[y]ou can pick up your 

car directly at the Copart location or arrange shipping with Alpine Auto Gallery. Congratulations 

on your new purchase.” Dkt. 24-1 at 8. After setting out the three steps to purchasing a car, under 

the heading “More,” the WinDay website. as shown in the screen shot, continued:

Alpine Rebuildable Cars (“WinDay.com”) is an online auto 

auction marketplace and your international source for late model 

salvage cards, trucks, Hybrid vehicles, SUV and pick-up trucks. 

We have been serving the New York (NY), New Jersey (NJ), 

Pennsylvania (PA) area with over 20 years of experience in the 

rebuildable car industry.

* * *

We are proud to offer our clients a new service that gives you the 

ability to bid on automobiles directly from Copart Salvage 

Auctions. Cut out the middle man and buy salvage cards direct 

from the source. We are now part of the Copart Registered Broker 

Program, which allows the general public to buy salvage vehicles 

without a dealer or dismantler license. Once registered, you’ll be 

able to bid live at over 150 auctions in the United States and 

Canada.

Dkt. 24-1 at 8. 

As shown in the evidence submitted by Plaintiff, Plaintiff’s attorney clicked “About” on 

the WinDay website and the linked page was entitled “About Alpine Auto Gallery” and stated:

Alpine Auto Gallery LLC is a Copart Auto Auctions Registered 

Broker!

Alpine Rebuildable Cars is your international source for late model 

salvage cards, trucks, Hybrid vehicles, s.u.v.’s and pick up trucks. 

We have been serving the New York (NY), New Jersey (NJ), 

Pennsylvania (PA) area with over 20 years of experience in the 

rebuildable car industry.

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PAGE 4 – OPINION AND ORDER

Dkt. 24-1 at 9. The “About” page continued by setting out the same information from the “More” 

section quoted above.

Plaintiff also submitted email correspondence from Agabs to Plaintiff, in which Agabs 

stated that he is “working with a broker here in NJ and we would like to redo our website” and 

responded to the question of what company Agabs works for by stating “Alpine Auto Gallery.” 

Dkt. 24-1 at 4-6.

2. Alpine’s connection with www.winday.com

The Court agrees with Judge Acosta that whether Alpine is affiliated with 

www.winday.com is sufficiently disputed. The website screen shots are evidence that Alpine

controlled or was otherwise affiliated with winday.com. Although Alpine denies that it

personally operated winday.com, it does not deny that it controlled or was otherwise affiliated 

with winday.com through a contract or by other means. Alpine also does not deny that it 

obtained a benefit from winday.com. Because the Court finds that Alpine’s control over and 

affiliation with winday.com is disputed, for purposes of determining personal jurisdiction, the 

Court resolves the conflict in Plaintiff’s favor. See Schwarzenegger v. Fred Martin Motor Co., 

374 F.3d 797, 800 (9th Cir. 2004). The Court, therefore, adopts the portion of the F&R relating 

to Alpine’s affiliation with WinDay and how WinDay’s website and activities confer specific 

personal jurisdiction over Alpine.

3. Alpine’s connection with Agabs

The Court also finds that at this stage in the proceedings, whether Agabs is an agent of 

Alpine with actual or apparent authority relating to www.winday.com, www.autobidmaser.com, 

and www.autobidmater.com is sufficiently in dispute to require resolving the conflict in 

Plaintiff’s favor at this stage. Under Oregon law:

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PAGE 5 – OPINION AND ORDER

Actual authority may be express or implied. When a principal 

explicitly authorizes the agent to perform certain acts, the agent 

has express authority. However, most actual authority is implied: a 

principal implicitly permits the agent to do those things that are 

“reasonably necessary” for carrying out the agent's express 

authority. In contrast, a principal also may be bound by actions 

taken that are “completely outside” of the agent’s actual authority, 

if the principal allows the agent to appear to have the authority to 

bind the principal. Such a circumstance is called “apparent 

authority.”

For a principal to be bound by an agent’s action, the principal must 

take some affirmative step, either to grant the agent authority or to 

create the appearance of authority. An agent's actions, standing 

alone and without some action by the principal, cannot create 

authority to bind the principal.

Taylor v. Ramsay–Gerding Constr. Co., 196 P.3d 532, 536 (Or. 2008) (citations omitted). 

Here, Plaintiff alleges that Agabs is a “duly authorized employee, representative, and/or 

agent (actual or implied)” of Alpine. This allegation implies that Alpine took some affirmative 

action making Agabs an agent or employee, but does not alone suffice to show that Agabs was 

acting under the actual authority (express or implied) or apparent authority of Alpine when he

committed the particular conduct forming the basis for plaintiff’s claims.

Agabs reached out to Plaintiff in Oregon seeking information to help Agabs develop a 

website, expressly stated that he was reaching out on Alpine’s behalf, and Alpine admits that it 

hired Agabs to develop a new website for Alpine. Alpine offers no evidence that at the time 

Agabs reached out to Plaintiff in Oregon, Agabs was acting outside the scope of his authority 

conferred expressly or impliedly by Alpine to develop a website for Alpine. Alpine merely 

asserts that it did not convey authority to Agabs to develop or operate any of the three disputed 

websites. Additionally, the Court has already found that Alpine’s connection with 

www.winday.com is sufficiently disputed to confer personal jurisdictional. These additional facts 

suffice for purposes of the Court’s jurisdictional analysis on a motion to dismiss to suggest that 

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PAGE 6 – OPINION AND ORDER

Agabs was acting as Alpine’s agent when Agabs reached out to Plaintiff in Oregon.2See, e.g., 

Dauven v. U.S. Bank Nat’l Ass’n, 2010 WL 5141275, at *9 (D. Or. Nov. 8, 2010). Accordingly, 

the Court adopts the portions of the F&R relating to Agabs acting as an agent for Alpine and how 

Agabs’s conduct confers specific personal jurisdiction over Alpine.

4. Transfer of venue

Alpine argues that the F&R’s consideration of the factors relating to transfer of venue is 

erroneous and that the factors support transferring this case to New Jersey. The Court has 

considered the issue de novo and agrees with Judge Acosta that Alpine fails to make the required

“strong showing” of inconvenience to upset Plaintiff’s choice of forum. See Decker Coal Co. v. 

Commonwealth Edison Co., 805 F.2d 834, 843 (9th Cir. 1986). The Court adopts this portion of 

the F&R.

B. Portions of the F&R to Which No Party Objected

No party objected to the portions of the F&R relating to jurisdiction over Agabs or the 

dismissal for failure to state a claim. For those portions of a magistrate’s findings and 

recommendations to which neither party has objected, the Act does not prescribe any standard of 

review. See Thomas v. Arn, 474 U.S. 140, 152 (1985) (“There is no indication that Congress, in 

enacting [the Act], intended to require a district judge to review a magistrate’s report to which no 

objections are filed.”); United States. v. Reyna-Tapia, 328 F.3d 1114, 1121 (9th Cir. 2003) (en 

banc) (holding that the court must review de novo magistrate’s findings and recommendations if 

objection is made, “but not otherwise”). Although in the absence of objections no review is 

required, the Act “does not preclude further review by the district judge[] sua sponte . . . under a 

de novo or any other standard.” Thomas, 474 U.S. at 154. Indeed, the Advisory Committee Notes 

 

2

Evidence at summary judgment or trial, however, may show that either Agabs was not 

Alpine’s agent or was acting outside of his agency authority.

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PAGE 7 – OPINION AND ORDER

to Fed. R. Civ. P. 72(b) recommend that “[w]hen no timely objection is filed,” the Court review 

the magistrate’s recommendations for “clear error on the face of the record.” Accordingly, this 

Court follows the recommendation of the Advisory Committee and reviews those portions of the 

F&R for clear error on the face of the record. No such error is apparent. The Court, therefore, 

adopts those portions of the F&R.

CONCLUSION

The F&R (Dkt. 40) is ADOPTED, as discussed herein. Alpine’s motion to dismiss 

(Dkt. 18), which is joined by Defendant Agabs (Dkt. 29), is GRANTED IN PART, as follows:

Defendants’ motion to dismiss for lack of personal jurisdiction is denied; Defendants motion to 

transfer venue is denied; and Defendants’ motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim is granted. 

Plaintiff may, at its option, file an amended complaint attempting to cure the deficiencies 

identified in the F&R on or before June 5, 2015.

IT IS SO ORDERED.

DATED this 19th day of May, 2015.

/s/ Michael H. Simon

Michael H. Simon

United States District Judge

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