IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 

FOR THE DISTRICT OF OREGON 

PORTLAND DIVISION 

JEREMY ROBERT MILLER, ) 

) 

) 

) 

) 

Plaintiff, 

v. 

) 

CAROLYN W. COL VIN, Acting Commissioner of ) 

Social Security, ) 

) 

Defendant. ) 

JONES, J., 

3:14-CV-01668-JO 

OPINION AND ORDER 

Plaintiff Jeremy Robert Miller appeals the Commissioner's decision denying his application 

for supplemental security income under Title XVI of the Social Security Act. The court has 

jurisdiction under 42 U.S.C. § 405(g). I AFFIRM the Commissioner's decision. 

PRIOR PROCEEDINGS 

Miller filed for SSI benefits, alleging disability beginning September 27, 2010. Pl.'s Br. 1. 

The ALJ applied the five-step analysis outlined in 20 C.F.R. § 416.920 to determine wlf~ther Miller 

was disabled. Admin. R. 22-31. The ALJ found that Miller's ability to work was adversely affected 

by undifferentiated schizophernia, borderline intellectual functioning, personality disorder and 

substance abuse. Additionally, the ALJ found that Miller did not satisfy the criteria for any of the 

presumptively disabling impairments listed in the regulations at 20 C.F.R. Part 404, Subpart P, 

1 - OPINION AND ORDER 

Case 3:14-cv-01668-JO Document 19 Filed 09/29/15 Page 1 of 6
Appendix 1. The ALJ determined that, despite his impairments, Miller had the residual functional 

capacity ("RFC") to perform unskilled occupations such as janitor and laundry worker, representing 

a combined total of two million jobs in the national economy. Accordingly, the ALJ concluded that 

Miller was not disabled. Admin. R. 31. 

The Appeals Council denied plaintiffs request for review on August 19, 2014. Admin. R. 

1. The ALJ' s decision therefore became the final agency decision, and it is now on appeal in this 

court. 

STANDARD OF REVIEW 

The district court must affirm the Commissioner's decision if it is based on proper legal 

standards and the findings of fact are supported by substantial evidence in the record as a whole. 

Tommasetti v. Astrue, 533 F.3d 1035, 1038 (9th Cir. 2008). Under this standard, the 

Commissioner's factual findings must be upheld if supported by inferences reasonably drawn from 

the record even if evidence exists to support another rational interpretation. Batson v. Comm 'r of 

Soc. Sec. Admin., 359 F.3d 1190, 1193 (9th Cir. 2004);Andrews v. Shala/a, 53 F.3d 1035, 1039-40 

(9th Cir. 1995). 

DISCUSSION 

I. Claims of Error 

Miller contends that the ALJ erred when analyzing Listing 12.05C for intellectual disability. 

Additionally, Miller claims that a remand for an award of benefits is warranted. 

II. Listing 12.0SC 

To satisfy the criteria for intellectual disability under Listing 12.05C, a claimant must 

demonstrate three elements. First, a claimant must have a valid IQ score of 60 to 70. Second, a 

2 - OPINION AND ORDER 

Case 3:14-cv-01668-JO Document 19 Filed 09/29/15 Page 2 of 6
claimant must have sub-average intellectual functioning with deficits in adaptive functioning initially 

manifested before age 22. Third, and finally, a claimant must have a physical or other mental 

impairment causing an additional and significant work-related limitation. Kennedy v. Colvin, 738 

F.3d 1172, 1176 (9th Cir. 2013). 

Miller contends that the ALJ erroneously discounted the validity of the W eschler full scale 

IQ score of 66 found by Dr. Field, and that the ALJ failed to examine deficits in adaptive functioning 

before age 22. Pl. Opening Brief at 7-8. Defendants counter that there were conflicting IQ scores 

in the record, and that the evidence indicates that the IQ test conducted by Dr. Field is suspect. Def. 

Brief at 6. Additionally, defendants claim that Miller's deficits are more consistent with borderline 

intellectual functioning than with mild mental retardation. 

It is undisputed thatthere are conflicting IQ scores in the record. Admin. R. 275, 391. When 

presented with conflicting medical opinions in a social security disability proceedings, the ALJ must 

determine credibility and resolve the conflict. Batson v. Comm 'r of Soc. Sec. Admin., 359 F .3d 1190 

(91h Cir. 2004). An ALJ may only reject a treating or examining physician's opinion that is 

contradicted by another doctor by providing specific, legitimate reasons supported by substantial 

evidence in the record. Bayliss v. Barnhart, 427 F.3d 1211, 1216 (91

h Cir. 2005). 

In the case at hand, the ALJ gave sufficient reasons supported by substantial evidence in the 

record to reject the full scale IQ score of 66 found by examining psychologist Dr. Field. First, 1he 

ALJ noted that the record has multiple assessments indicating that Miller engaged in malingering. 

Admin. R. 25. On May 20, 2008, Miller received a diagnosis of malingering, because he allegedly 

used his experience with drug-induced psychosis to falsely portray the existence of current 

audiovisual hallucinations. Admin. R. 304-05. On June 27, 2008, Miller received a provisional 

3 - OPINION AND ORDER 

Case 3:14-cv-01668-JO Document 19 Filed 09/29/15 Page 3 of 6
diagnosis of malingering, because of discrepancies between his stated stress or disability levels and 

objective findings. Admin. R. 298. On February 19, 2010, Miller again received a diagnosis of 

malingering, due to repeated contradictions and inconsistencies in his testimony. Admin. R. 316. 

Although Dr. Field did not himself feel that Miller was misrepresenting his symptoms, the fact that 

doctors on multiple occasions have found Miller to be less than credible is a legitimate reason for 

the ALJ to question the validity of Dr. Field's IQ test on November 17, 2007. See Tonapetyan v. 

Halter, 242 F.3d 1144, 1149 (91

h Cir. 2001) ("Because the present record supports the ALJ in 

discounting [Plaintiffs] credibility ... he was free to disregard Dr. Ngaw's opinion, which was 

premised on her subjective complaints."); Soto v. Sec'y of Health & Human Servs., 795 F.2d 219, 

222 (1'1 Cir. 1986) (stating the ALJ need not accept an IQ score ifthere is substantial evidence that 

claimant was feigning the results). 

Second, the ALJ concluded that the surrounding circumstances at the time of testing also cast 

doubt on Dr. Field's IQ test. Miller underwent IQ testing with Dr. Field less than a month into his 

hospitalization, prior to which he had been using methamphetamine daily and was not properly 

medicated. Admin. R. 25. There is evidence in the record that Miller's symptoms may be more 

indicative of methamphetamine withdrawal than a psychiatric disorder. Admin. R. 27, 297-98. 

Additionally, the record indicates that Miller functioned significantly better when on medication, and 

Dr. Field's own observations suggest the same. Tr 28, 272, 279, 280, 343, 349. After administering 

the IQ test on November 27, 2007, Dr. Field started Miller on a trial ofritalin. Field observed that, 

"after a successful ritalin trial, patient was noted to be much improved. He is able to read books, 

write letters ... and improvement[ s] were positively noted by the staff who worked with the patient 

as well." Admin. R. 279. Dr. Field also noted that Miller performed well on an evaluation, 

4 - OPINION AND ORDER 

Case 3:14-cv-01668-JO Document 19 Filed 09/29/15 Page 4 of 6
"especially considering his intelligence quotient." Admin. R. 272. Dr. Field discharged Miller from 

the hospital in December, with "full remission of his symptoms and an emerging insight." Admin. 

R. 280. These clinical observations and the corroborating evidence suggest that Miller's functioning 

improved after the IQ test while he was in the hospital. Accordingly, it was reasonable for the ALJ 

to conclude that the IQ test Dr. Field administered on November 27, 2007 did not accurately 

reflected Miller's IQ when properly medicated and free from substance abuse. 

Third, the ALJ determined that Miller's adaptive functioning was more consistent with 

borderline intellectual functioning than with mild mental retardation as the IQ test conducted by Dr. 

Field indicated. Adrnin. R. 25. Despite testimony to the contrary, Miller had a driver's license until 

he received a DUI. Admin. R. 25. Miller also managed to obtain a regular diploma, and he was able 

to "bathe and feed himself, shop for food, count change, use his computer and do his laundry." Def. 

Brief at 6; Adrnin. R. 23, 25, 205-08, 314. Additionally, Miller was able to perform semiskilled 

work as a clerk in a pharmacy for 30 hours a week, and his employer described him as a "productive 

employee". Adrnin. R. 25, 148, 149. Miller's adaptive functioning supports the ALJ's conclusion 

that the IQ test did not accurately reflect his mental capacity. See Clay v. Barnhart, 417 F.3d 922, 

929 (8'h Cir. 2005) (concluding the Commissioner may disregard an IQ score that is inconsistent with 

claimant's demonstrated activities and abilities as evidenced by the record as a whole); Lowery v. 

Sullivan, 979 F.2d 835, 837 (11th Cir. 1992) (holding a valid IQ score is not conclusive of mental 

retardation when the score is inconsistent with other evidence in the record on claimant's daily 

activities and behavior). 

Finally, another test showed that Miller had an IQ of 74. Admin. R. 391. Combined with 

the other evidence in the record, this IQ score supports a rational inference that Miller's IQ exceeded 

5 - OPINION AND ORDER 

Case 3:14-cv-01668-JO Document 19 Filed 09/29/15 Page 5 of 6
the 60 to 70 range required for Listing 12.0SC. See Tonapetyan v. Halter, 242 F.3d 1144, 1149 (9'h 

Cir. 2001 ). Accordingly, the ALJ' s finding that Miller did not satisfy the criteria for listing 12.0SC 

is supported by substantial evidence. 

Because the ALJ rationally concluded that Miller did not have a valid IQ score between 60 

and 70, I do not need to examine whether the ALJ adequately considered deficits in adaptive 

functioning prior to age 22. Further, Miller is not entitled to a remand or an award of benefits. 

CONCLUSION 

Miller's claims of error cannot be sustained for the foregoing reasons. The Commissioner's 

decision is AFFIRMED. 

. Ir 

DATEDthis 11 dayofSeptember,2015. 

6 - OPINION AND ORDER 

Case 3:14-cv-01668-JO Document 19 Filed 09/29/15 Page 6 of 6