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                    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
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ARS Home Pacific West Area Parlier, California San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center Commodity Protection and Quality Research People & Locations





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- Chang-Lin Xiao - Research Leader
- Charles Burks
- Dave Obenland
- Joel Siegel
- Spencer Walse

Joel P Siegel
                     

                     Research Entomologist

                     


                        **Publications**
                                    (Clicking on the reprint icon
                                       Reprint Icon
                                       will take you to the publication reprint.)Season-long comparison of trap lures for integrated management of the navel orangeworm (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in almond and pistachio

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Siegel, J.P., Burks, C.S., Wilson, H. 2024. Season-long comparison of trap lures for integrated management of the navel orangeworm (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in almond and pistachio. CABI Agriculture and Bioscience (CABI A&B). 5. Article 30. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43170-024-00236-z.Season-long comparison of trap lures for integrated management of the navel orangeworm (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in almond and pistachio

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Siegel, J.P., Burks, C.S., Wilson, H. 2024. Season-long comparison of trap lures for integrated management of the navel orangeworm (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in almond and pistachio. CABI Agriculture and Bioscience (CABI A&B). 5. Article 30. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43170-024-00236-z.Nut factors associated with navel orangeworm, Amyelois transitella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) damage to pistachio (Pistacia vera) in California (2007-2017) and implication for control

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Siegel, J.P. 2023. Nut factors associated with navel orangeworm, Amyelois transitella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) damage to pistachio (Pistacia vera) in California (2007-2017) and implication for control. Journal of Economic Entomology. 116(3):882-890. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toad051.Augmenting sanitation with insecticides to improve control of navel orangeworm (Amyelois transitella Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in California tree nuts

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Siegel, J.P., Gilcrease, G. 2022. Augmenting sanitation with insecticides to improve control of navel orangeworm (Amyelois transitella Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in California tree nuts. Pest Management Science. 78(5):2034-2042. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.6827.Differential regulation of cytochrome P450 genes associated with biosynthesis and detoxification in bifenthrin-resistant populations of navel orangeworm (Amyelois transitella)

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Demkovich, M.R., Calla, B., Ngumbi, E., Higbee, B.S., Siegel, J.P., Berenbaum, M.R. 2021. Differential regulation of cytochrome P450 genes associated with biosynthesis and detoxification in bifenthrin-resistant populations of navel orangeworm (Amyelois transitella). PLoS ONE. 16(1). Article e0245803. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245803.Selective sweeps in a nutshell: the genomic footprint of rapid insecticide resistance evolution in the almond agroecosystem

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Calla, B., Demkovich, M.R., Gomes-Viana, J.P., Siegel, J.P., Walden, K.K., Robertson, H.M., Berenbaum, M.R. 2020. Selective sweeps in a nutshell: the genomic footprint of rapid insecticide resistance evolution in the almond agroecosystem. Genome Biology and Evolution. 13(1). https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evaa234.Spray drift mitigation using opposing synchronized air-blast sprayers

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Van Steenwyk, R.A., Siegel, J.P., Bisabri, B., Cabusaly, C.S., Choi, J.M., Steggall, J.W., Mace, K.C., Blecker, S.W., Poe, P.A., Peters-Collaer, S.R., Klassen, P. 2020. Spray drift mitigation using opposing synchronized air-blast sprayers. Pest Management Science. 77(2):895-905. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.6094.Evaluating insecticide coverage and determining its effect on the duration of control for navel orangeworm (Amyelois transitella Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in California almonds

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Siegel, J.P., Strmiska, M.M., Walse, S.S., Niederholzer, F.J., Giles, K.D. 2019. Evaluating insecticide coverage and determining its effect on the duration of control for navel orangeworm (Amyelois transitella Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in California almonds. Pest Management Science. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.5413.Evaluating insecticide coverage in almond and pistachio for control of navel orangeworm (Amyelois transitella) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Siegel, J.P., Strmiska, M.M., Niederholzer, F.J., Giles, K.D., Walse, S.S. 2018. Evaluating insecticide coverage in almond and pistachio for control of navel orangeworm (Amyelois transitella) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Pest Management Science. 75(5):1435-1442. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.5265.Accelerated Development and Toxin Tolerance of the Navel Orangeworm Amyelois transitella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in the Presence of Aspergillus flavus

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Bush, D.S., Siegel, J.P., Berenbaum, M.R. 2018. Accelerated Development and Toxin Tolerance of the Navel Orangeworm Amyelois transitella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in the Presence of Aspergillus flavus. Journal of Chemical Ecology. 44(12):1170-1177. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10886-018-1027-0.Impact of agricultural adjuvants on the toxicity of the diamide insecticides chlorantraniliprole and flubendiamide toward different life stages of navel orangeworm (Amyelois transitella) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Demkovich, M., Siegel, J.P., Walse, S.S., Berenbaum, M. 2018. Impact of agricultural adjuvants on the toxicity of the diamide insecticides chlorantraniliprole and flubendiamide toward different life stages of navel orangeworm (Amyelois transitella) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Journal of Pest Science. 91(3):1127-1136. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-018-0959-z.Orientation of navel orangeworm larvae and adults (Amyelois transitella: Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) toward Aspergillus flavus

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Bush, D.S., Lawrance, A., Siegel, J.P., Berenbaum, M.R. 2017. Orientation of navel orangeworm larvae and adults (Amyelois transitella: Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) toward Aspergillus flavus. Environmental Entomology. 46(3):602–608. https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvx068.Period of susceptibility of almonds to aflatoxin contamination during development in the orchard

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Picot, A., Ortega-Beltran, A., Puckett, R.D., Siegel, J.P., Michailides, T.J. 2016. Period of susceptibility of almonds to aflatoxin contamination during development in the orchard. European Journal of Plant Pathology. 148(3):521-531. doi: 10.1007/s10658-016-1108-2.Impact of pesticide resistance on toxicity and tolerance of hostplant phytochemicals in Amyelois transitella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Bagchi, V., Siegel, J.P., Demkovich, M., Zehr, L., Berenbaum, M. 2016. Impact of pesticide resistance on toxicity and tolerance of hostplant phytochemicals in Amyelois transitella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Journal of Insect Science. 16(1):62. doi: 10.1093/jisesa/iew063.Larval preference and performance of Amyelois transitella (Navel orangeworm, Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in relation to the fungus Aspergillus flavus

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Ampt, E.A., Bush, D.S., Siegel, J.P., Berenbaum, M.R. 2015. Larval preference and performance of Amyelois transitella (Navel orangeworm, Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in relation to the fungus Aspergillus flavus. Environmental Entomology. 45(1):155-162.Effect of piperonyl butoxide on the toxicity of four classes of insecticides to navel orangeworm (Amyelois transitella)(Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Demkovich, M., Dana, C.E., Siegel, J.P., Berenbaum, M.R. 2015. Effect of piperonyl butoxide on the toxicity of four classes of insecticides to navel orangeworm (Amyelois transitella)(Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Journal of Economic Entomology. 108(6):2753-2760.Mechanism of resistance acquisition and potential associated fitness costs in navel orangeworm (Amyelois transitella) exposed to pyrethroid insecticides

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Demkovich, M., Siegel, J.P., Higbee, B.S., Berenbaum, M.R. 2015. Mechanism of resistance acquisition and potential associated fitness costs in navel orangeworm (Amyelois transitella) exposed to pyrethroid insecticides. Environmental Entomology. 44(3):855-863.Measure your septa release ratios: pheromone release ratio variability affected by rubber septa and solvent

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Kuenen, L.P., Siegel, J.P. 2015. Measure your septa release ratios: pheromone release ratio variability affected by rubber septa and solvent. Journal of Chemical Ecology. 41:303-310.Sticky traps saturate with navel orangeworm in a non-linear fashion

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Kuenen, L.P., Siegel, J.P. 2016. Sticky traps saturate with navel orangeworm in a non-linear fashion. California Agriculture. 70(1):32-38.Flying slower:  Floor pattern object size affects orthokinetic responses during moth flight to sex pheromone

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Kuenen, L.P., Gilbert, C., Siegel, J.P. 2014. Flying slower:  Floor pattern object size affects orthokinetic responses during moth flight to sex pheromone. Journal of Insect Behavior. 27:581-592.Pyrethroid tolerance of navel orangeworm after dietary exposure to almond phytochemicals

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Spread of Aspergillus flavus by navel orangeworm (Amyelois transitella) on almonds

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Palumbo, J.D., Mahoney, N.E., Light, D.M., Siegel, J.P., Ryan, P., Themis, M. 2014. Spread of Aspergillus flavus by navel orangeworm (Amyelois transitella) on almonds. Plant Disease. 98(9):1194-1199.Field Efficacy and Application Timing of Methoxyfenozide, a Reduced-risk Treatment for Control of Navel Orangeworm (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Almond

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Higbee, B.S., Siegel, J.P. 2012. Field Efficacy and Application Timing of Methoxyfenozide, a Reduced-risk Treatment for Control of Navel Orangeworm (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Almond. Journal of Economic Entomology. 105(5): 1702-1711.Field Efficacy and application timing of methoxyfenozide, a reduced risk treatment for control of navel orangeworm (Lepidpotera: Pyralidae) in almonds

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Higbee, B., Siegel, J.P. 2012. Field Efficacy and application timing of methoxyfenozide, a reduced risk treatment for control of navel orangeworm (Lepidpotera: Pyralidae) in almonds. Journal of Economic Entomology. 105(5):1702-1711.Testing the pathogenicity and infectivity of entomopathogens to mammals

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()Siegel, J.P. 2012. Testing the pathogenicity and infectivity of entomopathogens to mammals. Manual of Techniques in Insect Pathology. 441-450.Use of nut shells as fillers in polymer composites

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Sutivisedsak, N., Cheng, H.N., Burks, C.S., Johnson, J.A., Siegel, J.P., Civerolo, E.L., Biswas, A. 2012. Use of nut shells as fillers in polymer composites. Journal of Polymers and the Environment. 20(1):305-314.Effects of naturally occurring and synthetic synergists on the toxicity of three insecticides, a phytochemical and a mycotoxin to the navel orangeworm Amyelois transitella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Niu, G., Pollock, H.S., Lawrance, A., Siegel, J.P., Berenbaum, M.R. 2012. Effects of naturally occurring and synthetic synergists on the toxicity of three insecticides, a phytochemical and a mycotoxin to the navel orangeworm Amyelois transitella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Journal of Economic Entomology. 105(2) 410-417.Comparison of trapping for eggs, females, and males of the navel orangeworm Amyelois transitella (Walker) in almonds

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Burks, C.S., Higbee, B.S., Siegel, J.P., Brandl, D.G. 2011. Comparison of trapping for eggs, females, and males of the navel orangeworm Amyelois transitella (Walker) in almonds. Environmental Entomology. 40(3):706-713.Navel orangeworm: a major pest in many crops

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(Abstract Only)Burks, C.S., Higbee, B., Siegel, J.P., Daane, K. 2011. Navel orangeworm: a major pest in many crops. Entomology Society of America Pacific Branch Meeting. 13.A substrate-specific cytochrome P450 monoxygenase, CYP6AB11, from the polyphagous navel orangeworm

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Niu, G., Rupasinghe, S.G., Zangerl, A.R., Siegel, J.P., Schuler, M.A., Berenbaum, M.R. 2011. A substrate-specific cytochrome P450 monoxygenase, CYP6AB11, from the polyphagous navel orangeworm. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. 41:244-253.A substrate-specific cytochrome P450 monooxygenase, CYP6AB11, from the polyphagous navel orangeworm (Amyelois transitella)

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Niu, G., Rupasinghe, S.G., Zangerl, A.R., Siegel, J.P., Schuler, M.A., Berebbaum, M.R. 2011. A substrate-specific cytochrome P450 monooxygenase, CYP6AB11, from the polyphagous navel orangeworm (Amyelois transitella). Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. 41(4):244-253.Variable development rate and survival of navel orangeworm (Amyelois transitella, Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on pistachios

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Siegel, J.P., Kuenen, L.P. 2011. Variable development rate and survival of navel orangeworm (Amyelois transitella, Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on pistachios. Journal of Economic Entomology. 104(2):532-539.Variable development rate and survival of navel orangeworm (Amyelois transitella, Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on pistachio

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Siegel, J.P., Kuenen, L.P. 2011. Variable development rate and survival of navel orangeworm (Amyelois transitella, Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on pistachio. Journal of Economic Entomology. 104(2):532-539.Almond Production Manual Chapter:  Insects and Mites

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()Mating Disruption for Control of Navel Orangeworm in Almonds in Central California

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(Abstract Only)Burks, C.S., Higbee, B.S., Daane, K.M., Siegel, J.P., Brandl, D.G. 2010. Mating Disruption for Control of Navel Orangeworm in Almonds in Central California. Entomology Society of America Pacific Branch Meeting. p.23.Variable development rate and survival of navel orangeworm (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on wheat bran diet and almonds

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Siegel, J.P., Kuenen, L.P., Ledbetter, C.A. 2010. Variable development rate and survival of navel orangeworm (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on wheat bran diet and almonds. Journal of Economic Entomology. 103(4):1250-1257.Protracted Emergence of Overwintering Amyelois Transitella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) from Pistachios and Almonds in California

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Kuenen, L.P., Siegel, J.P. 2010. Protracted Emergence of Overwintering Amyelois Transitella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) from Pistachios and Almonds in California. Environmental Entomology. 39(4):1059-1067.Spring emergence pattern of navel orangeworm from pistachio and almond mummies

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(Proceedings)Kuenen, L.P., Siegel, J.P. 2009. Spring emergence pattern of navel orangeworm from pistachio and almond mummies. International Conference on Methyl Bromide Alternatives and Emissions Reductions, November 10-13, 2009, San Diego, California. 90: 1-4.Evaluating Coverage and Efficacy of Insecticides to Control Navel Orangeworm

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(Proceedings)Comparative Toxicity of Mycotoxins to Navel Orangeworm (Amyelois transitella) and Corn Earworm (Helicoverpa zea)

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Niu, G., Siegel, J.P., Schuler, M.A., Berenbaum, M.R. 2009. Comparative Toxicity of Mycotoxins to Navel Orangeworm (Amyelois transitella) and Corn Earworm (Helicoverpa zea). Journal of Chemical Ecology. 35(8):951-957.Navel Orangeworm (Amyelois transitella) (Walker) and Obliquebanded Leafroller (Choristoneura rosaceana)(Harris) as Pests of Pistachio

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()Bentley, W., Siegel, J.P., Holtz, B., Daane, K. 2008. Navel Orangeworm (Amyelois transitella) (Walker) and Obliquebanded Leafroller (Choristoneura rosaceana)(Harris) as Pests of Pistachio. Pistachio Production Manual 5th Edition. University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources. Oakland, CA. p. 179-191.Revising navel orangeworm sanitation guidelines for Nonpareil almonds

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Higbee, B.S., Siegel, J.P. 2009. Revising navel orangeworm sanitation guidelines for Nonpareil almonds. California Agriculture. 63(1):24-28.Postharvest survival of navel orangeworm assessed in pistachios

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Siegel, J.P., Kuenen, L.P., Higbee, B.S. 2008. Postharvest survival of navel orangeworm assessed in pistachios. California Agriculture. 62(1):30-35.CHAPTER IV-2 BACTERIA

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()Garczynski, S.F., Siegel, J.P. 2007. Chapter IV-2: Bacteria. pp. 175-198.  In: Field Manual of Techniques in Invertebrate Pathology.Determination of the development rate of navel orangeworm (Amyelois transitella)in pistachios and assessment of population structure and winter mortality

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()Siegel, J.P., Kuenen, L.P., Higbee, B.S., Bettiga, J. 2007. Determination of the development rate of navel orangeworm (Amyelois transitella)in pistachios and assessment of population structure and winter mortality. California Pistachio Commission Production Research Report. p.37-44.Use of nematodes and insecticides for postharvest control of navel orangeworm (Amyelois transitella)

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()Siegel, J.P., Kuenen, L.P., Higbee, B.S., Bettiga, J. 2007. Use of nematodes and insecticides for postharvest control of navel orangeworm (Amyelois transitella). California Pistachio Commission Production Research Report. p.193-198.Microbial control of insect pests of stone fruit and nut crops

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()Shapiro Ilan, D.I., Lacey, L.A., Siegel, J.P. 2007. Microbial control of insect pests of stone fruit and nut crops. In: Lacey, L., Kaya, H.K., editors. Field Manual of Techniques in Insect Pathology. Vol. II. Dordrecht: Springer. p. 547-566.EFFECT OF APPLICATION RATES AND ABIOTIC FACTORS ON STEINERNEMA CARPOCAPSAE FOR CONTROL OF OVERWINTERING NAVEL ORANGEWORM (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE, AMYELOIS TRANSITELLA) IN PISTACHIOS

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Siegel, J.P., Lacey, L.A., Higbee, B.S., Noble, P.M., Fritts, R.J. 2006. Effect of application rates and abiotic factors on steinernema carpocapsae for control of overwintering navel orangeworm (lepidoptera: pyralidae, amyelois transitella) in pistachios. Biological Control. 36:324-330.ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODES FOR CONTROL OF OVERWINTERING NAVEL ORANGEWORM

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(Proceedings)Siegel, J.P., Lacey, L.A., Higbee, B.S., Bettiga, J., Fritts, R. 2004. Entomopathogenic nematodes for control of overwintering navel orangeworm. International Conference on Methyl Bromide Alternatives and Emissions Reductions, October 31-November 3, 2004, Orlando, Florida. p. 72:1-4.USE OF NEMATODES FOR POST HARVEST CONTROL OF NAVEL ORANGEWORM (AMYELOIS TRANSITELLA) IN FALLEN PISTACHIOS

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()Siegel, J.P., Noble, P.M., Lacey, L.A., Bentley, W., Higbee, B.S. 2004. Use of nematodes for post harvest control of navel orangeworm (amyelois transitella) in fallen pistachios. California Pistachio Industry Annual Report, Crop Year 2003-2004. p. 113-114.USE OF NEMATODES FOR POST HARVEST CONTROL OF NAVEL ORANGEWORM (AMYELOIS TRANSITELLA) IN FALLEN PISTACHIOS

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(Proceedings)Siegel, J.P., Noble, P.M., Lacey, L.A., Bentley, W., Higbee, B.S. 2004. Use of nematodes for post harvest control of navel orangeworm (amyelois transitella) in fallen pistachios. California Pistachio Commission Production Research Reports. 287-293.USE OF STEINERNEMATID NEMATODES FOR POST HARVEST CONTROL OF NAVEL ORANGEWORM (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE) AMYELOIS TRANSITELLA IN FALLEN PISTACHIOS

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Siegel, J.P., Lacey, L.A., Fritts, R., Higbee, B.S., Noble, P.M. Use of steinernematid nematodes for post harvest control of navel orangeworm (lepidoptera: pyralidae) Amyelois Transitella in fallen pistachios. Journal of Biological Control 30(2):410-417.USE OF STEINERNEMATID NEMATODES FOR POSTHARVEST CONTROL OF NAVEL ORANGEWORM (LEDPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE)IN FALLEN PISTACHIOS

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Siegel, J.P., Lacey, L.A., Fritts, R., Higbee, B., Noble, P.M. 2004. Use of steinernematid nematodes for postharvest control of navel orangeworm (ledpidoptera: pyralidae)in fallen pistachios. Biological Control. 30: p. 410-417.FIELD EVALUATION OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODES AGAINST THE NAVAL ORANGEWORM (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE, AMYELOIS TRANSITELLA) IN PISTACHIO AND ALMOND NUTS

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)THE IMPACT OF MIXED INFECTION OF THREE SPECIES OF MICROSPORIDIA ISOLATED FROM THE GYPSY MOTH, LYMANTRIA DISPAR L. (LEPIDOPTERA: LYMANTRIIDAE

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Solter, L.F., Siegel, J.P., Pilarska, D.K., Higgs, M.C. 2002. The impact of mixed infection of three species of microsporidia isolated from the gypsy moth, lymantria dispar l. (lepidoptera: lymantriidae. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. Volume(81):103-113.IMPACT OF A NORTH AMERICAN ISOLATE OF THE MICROSPORIDIUM NOSEMA CARPOCAPSAE ON A LABORATORY POPULATION OF THE CODLING MOTH, CYDIA POMONELLA

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Siegel, J.P., Lacey, L.A., Vossbrinck, C.R. 2001. Impact of a north american isolate of the microsporidium nosema carpocapsae on a laboratory population of the codling moth, cydia pomonella. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. Volume(78):244-250.THE MAMMALIAN SAFETY OF BACILLIS THURENGIENSIS-BASED INSECTICIDES

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Siegel, J.P. 2001. The mammalian safety of bacillis thurengiensis-based insecticides. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. 77: 13-21.RECOVERY OF COMMERCIALLY PRODUCED BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS SEROVAR           ISRAELENSIS AND BACILLUS SPHAERICUS FROM TIRES AND PREVALENCE OF BACILLI INARTIFICIAL AND NATURAL CONTAINERS.

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Siegel, J.P., Smith, A.R., Novak, R.J. 2001. Recovery of commercially produced bacillus thuringiensis serovar israelensis and bacillus sphaericus from tires and prevalence of bacilli inartificial and natural containers. Journal of the Mosquito Control Association. Volume(17):33-41.A REVIEW OF THE MAMMALIAN SAFETY OF BACILLUS THURNGIENSIS-BASED INSECTICIDES

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Siegel, J.P. 2001. A review of the mammalian safety of bacillus thurngiensis-based insecticides. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. Volume(17):13-21.PREVALENCE AND TRANSOVUM TRANSMISSION OF BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS BERLINER INA NAVEL ORANGEWORM COLONY

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Siegel, J.P., Tebbets, J.S., Vail, P.V. Prevalence and transovum transmission of bacillus thuringiensis berliner ina navel orangeworm colony. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. Volume(75):171-173.CELLULAR FATTY ACID ANALYSIS OF ISOLATES OF BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS SEROVAR KURSTAKI, STRAIN HD-1

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(Peer Reviewed Journal)Siegel, J.P., Smith, A.R., Novak, R.J. 2000. Cellular fatty acid analysis of isolates of bacillus thuringiensis serovar kurstaki, strain hd-1. Journal of Biological Control. Volume(17):82-91.SAFETY AND ECOTOXICOLOGY OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC BACTERIA

                                       -
()Lacey, L.A., Siegel, J.P. 2000. Safety and ecotoxicology of entomopathogenic bacteria. Entomopathogenic Bacteria from Laboratory to Field Application. p. 253-273.


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