1 - OPINION & ORDER

IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

FOR THE DISTRICT OF OREGON

RACHEL A. KERSTETTER,

No. 6:15-cv-00337-HZ

Plaintiff,

OPINION & ORDER

v.

COMMISSIONER, SOCIAL SECURITY

ADMINISTRATION,

Defendant.

Alan Stuart Graf

Alan Stuart Graf P.C.

208 Pine St. 

Floyd, VA 24091 

Attorney for Plaintiff

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Billy J. Williams

United States Attorney, District of Oregon

Janice E. Hébert

Assistant United States Attorney

United States Attorney’s Office

1000 S.W. Third Avenue, Ste. 600 

Portland, OR 97201

Sarah Elizabeth Moum

Social Security Administration

SSA Office of General Counsel

701 5th Avenue, Suite 2900

Seattle, WA 98104

Attorneys for Defendant

HERNÁNDEZ, District Judge:

Plaintiff Rachel Kerstetter brings this action under the Social Security Act (“Act”), 42 

U.S.C. §§ 405(g) and 1383(c)(3), for judicial review of the Commissioner of Social Security’s 

final decision denying her application for supplemental security income (“SSI”) under Title XVI 

of the Act. Because it is based on legally sufficient reasons supported by substantial evidence, 

the Commissioner’s decision is affirmed. 

BACKGROUND

Kerstetter applied for SSI on December 20, 2011, alleging an onset date of March 25, 

2007. Tr. 13.1 Born in 1980, Kerstetter was 31 years old when she applied for benefits and 33 

when the ALJ issued his decision. Tr. 22. The Commissioner denied her application initially, and 

Kerstetter requested a hearing before an Administrative Law Judge (“ALJ”). Tr. 13. After a 

hearing in October of 2013, ALJ John Michaelsen found Kerstetter was not disabled. Tr. 13–23.

 

1 Citations to “Tr.” refer to pages of the administrative record transcript, filed here as Docket No. 14.

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Kerstetter appealed, but the Appeals Council denied her request for review, making ALJ 

Michaelsen’s decision the Commissioner’s final decision that Kerstetter now challenges in this 

Court. Tr. 1–3. 

SEQUENTIAL DISABILITY EVALUATION

A claimant is disabled if she is unable to “engage in any substantial gainful activity by 

reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment which . . . has lasted or can 

be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than 12 months.” 42 U.S.C. § 

423(d)(1)(A). Disability claims are evaluated according to a five-step procedure. See Valentine 

v. Comm’r Soc. Sec. Admin., 574 F.3d 685, 689 (9th Cir. 2009). Each step is potentially 

dispositive. At step one, the presiding ALJ determines whether the claimant is engaged in 

“substantial gainful activity.” If so, the claimant is not disabled; if not, the analysis continues. 20 

C.F.R. §§ 404.1520(b), 416.920(b). At step two, the ALJ determines whether the claimant has

one or more severe impairments. If not, the claimant is not disabled. 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1520(c), 

416.920(c). At step three, the ALJ determines whether the impairment meets or equals one of the

impairments listed in the SSA regulations and deemed “so severe as to preclude substantial 

gainful activity.” Bowen v. Yuckert, 482 U.S. 137, 141 (1987); 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1520(d), 

416.920(d). If so, the claimant is conclusively presumed disabled; if not, the analysis moves to 

step four. 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1520(d), 416.920(d). At step four, the ALJ determines whether the 

claimant, despite any impairments, has the residual functional capacity (“RFC”) to perform past 

relevant work. 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1520(e), 416.920(e). If the claimant cannot perform his or her 

past relevant work, the analysis moves to step five where the ALJ determines whether the 

claimant is able to do any other work in the national economy considering the claimant’s RFC, 

age, education, and work experience. 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1520(g), 416.920(g). 

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The burden to show disability rests with the claimant at steps one through four, but if the 

analysis reaches step five, the burden shifts to the Commissioner to show that a significant 

number of jobs exist in the national economy that the claimant could perform. 20 C.F.R. §§ 

404.1520(e) & (f), 416.920(e) & (f); Tackett v. Apfel, 180 F.3d 1094, 1098–1100 (9th Cir.

1999). If the Commissioner demonstrates a significant number of jobs exist in the national 

economy that the claimant can perform, the claimant is not disabled. 20 C.F.R. §§ 

404.1520(g)(1), 416.920(g).

ALJ DECISION

At step one, the ALJ found Kerstetter had not engaged in substantial gainful activity 

since December 20, 2011, her application date. Tr. 15. At step two, the ALJ found Kerstetter had 

the following severe impairments: “history of back and neck pain secondary to mild degenerative 

disc disease, post-traumatic stress disorder/anxiety, and depression.” Tr. 15. At step three, the 

ALJ found Kerstetter’s impairments or combination of impairments did not meet or equal the 

severity of any listed impairments. Tr. 16–17. The ALJ next found that Kerstetter had the 

following RFC: 

[T]he claimant has the residual functional capacity to perform medium work as 

defined in 20 CFR 416.967(c) with the following exceptions. The claimant is 

limited to simple, repetitive, routine tasks with only occasional interaction with 

supervisors, co-workers, and the general public.

Tr. 17. At step four, the ALJ found that Kerstetter had no past relevant work. Tr. 22. At step 

five, the ALJ found that, considering Kerstetter’s age, education, work experience, and RFC, 

there were jobs that existed in significant numbers in the national economy that she could 

perform, including sweeper and warehouse worker. Tr. 22–23. Therefore, the ALJ concluded 

that Kerstetter was not disabled under the Act. Tr. 23. 

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STANDARD OF REVIEW

The district court must affirm the Commissioner’s decision if it is based on proper legal 

standards and the findings are supported by substantial evidence in the record as a whole. 42 

U.S.C. § 405(g); see also Andrews v. Shalala, 53 F.3d 1035, 1039 (9th Cir. 1995). “Substantial 

evidence means more than a mere scintilla but less than a preponderance; it is such relevant 

evidence as a reasonable mind might accept as adequate to support a conclusion.” Id. The court 

must weigh all of the evidence, whether it supports or detracts from the Commissioner’s 

decision. Martinez v. Heckler, 807 F.2d 771, 772 (9th Cir. 1986). If the evidence is susceptible to 

more than one reasonable interpretation, the court must uphold the decision. Andrews, 53 F.3d at 

1039–40. A reviewing court must consider the entire record as a whole and cannot affirm the 

Commissioner by simply isolating a specific quantum of supporting evidence. Robbins v. Soc. 

Sec. Admin., 466 F.3d 880, 882 (9th Cir. 2006) (citation omitted).

DISCUSSION

Kerstetter challenges the ALJ’s decision on two grounds: 1) that the ALJ failed to give 

sufficient reasons for discounting the opinion of Dr. Judith Eckstein; and 2) that the ALJ 

improperly discounted the credibility of Kerstetter’s testimony about the severity and limiting 

effects of her symptoms. Pl. Brief at 1–2. 

1. Medical Opinion – Dr. Eckstein

Kerstetter asserts that the ALJ did not give legally sufficient reasons for discounting the 

opinion of examining psychologist Dr. Eckstein. Pl. Brief at 5. There are three sources of 

medical opinion evidence in Social Security cases: treating physicians, examining physicians, 

and non-examining physicians. Valentine, 574 F.3d at 692 (citing Lester v. Chater, 81 F.3d 821, 

830 (9th Cir. 1995)). “As a general rule, more weight should be given to the opinion of a treating 

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source than to the opinion of doctors who do not treat the claimant.” Lester, 81 F.3d at 830. “The 

opinion of an examining physician is, in turn, entitled to greater weight than the opinion of a 

nonexamining physician.” Id. The ALJ can reject the uncontroverted opinion of a treating or 

examining physician only for “clear and convincing reasons” supported with substantial 

evidence in the record. Orn v. Astrue, 495 F.3d 625, 632 (9th Cir. 2007) (quoting Reddick v. 

Chater, 157 F.3d 715, 725 (9th Cir. 1998)). Even if a treating or examining doctor’s opinion is 

contradicted by another doctor, the ALJ can reject it only by providing “specific and legitimate 

reasons” that are supported by substantial evidence. Id.

Dr. Eckstein performed a consultive psychological examination of Kerstetter in October 

of 2011. Tr. 268. She diagnosed Kerstetter with post-traumatic stress disorder, severe and 

recurrent major depression, panic disorder with agoraphobia, and borderline personality disorder. 

Tr. 275. Dr. Eckstein noted that Kerstetter had three sons, one of whom suffers from cerebral 

palsy and AD/HD, another with asthma and separation issues, and that parenting “presents a 

challenge” for her. Tr. 275. Kerstetter reported past sexual abuse as a child and domestic 

violence from her husband, from whom she had separated. Tr. 275. Dr. Eckstein wrote that “Ms. 

Ketstetter’s issues with depression and anxiety are extreme at times.” Tr. 275. “Even though she 

has suicidal thoughts,” the report continues, “she is unlikely to act on them due to her parenting 

responsibilities.” Tr. 275. Dr. Eckstein also found that Kerstetter suffered from “symptoms 

consistent with PTSD including nightmares, flashbacks, panic attacks, and hypervigilance.” 

Kerstetter also reported memory problems and difficulties relaxing. Tr.275. Dr. Eckstein noted 

that Kerstetter’s test results “indicate[d] that she is functional overall at an average level 

cognitively. However, her perceptual skills are above average and suggest that she would do well 

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with more physically oriented tasks that do not demand the ability to retain information.” Tr. 

275. 

Dr. Eckstein also completed a Mental Residual Function Capacity evaluation form for 

Kerstetter in November of 2011. The form includes twenty different mental abilities and asks the 

medical provider to rate the patient as “Not Significantly Limited,” “Moderately Limited,” 

“Markedly Limited,” or indicate if the provider was unable to determine the extent of the 

patient’s limitation in that area. Tr. 276–77. Dr. Eckstein rated Kerstetter as “Not Significantly 

Limited” in the following seven areas:

 Ability to remember locations and work-like procedures;

 Ability to understand and remember very short and simple instructions;

 Ability to carry out very short and simple instructions;

 Ability to make simple work related decisions;

 Ability to get along with co-workers or peers without distracting them or exhibiting 

behavioral extremes;

 Ability to maintain socially appropriate behavior and adhere to basic standards of 

neatness and cleanliness;

 Ability to be aware of normal hazards and take appropriate precautions. 

Tr. 276–77. Dr. Eckstein rated Kerstetter as “Moderately Limited” in the following nine areas:

 Ability to understand and remember detailed instructions;

 Ability to carry out detailed instructions;

 Ability to maintain attention and concentration for extended periods;

 Ability to perform activities within a schedule, maintain regular attendance, and be 

punctual within customary tolerances;

 Ability to sustain an ordinary routine without special supervision;

 Ability to ask simple questions or request assistance;

 Ability to respond appropriately to changes in the work setting;

 Ability to travel in unfamiliar places or use public transportation;

 Ability to set realistic goals or make plans independently of others. 

Tr. 276–77. Dr. Eckstein rated Kerstetter as “Markedly Limited” in the following four areas:

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 Ability to work in coordination with or proximity to others without being distracted 

by them;

 Ability to complete a normal workday and workweek without interruptions from 

psychologically based symptoms and to perform at a consistent pace without an 

unreasonable number and length of rest periods;

 Ability to interact appropriately with the general public; 

 Ability to accept instructions and respond appropriately to criticism from supervisors;

Tr. 277.

Two state agency medical consultants reviewed Kerstetter’s medical records, including 

Dr. Eckstein’s opinion about her functional limitations. Tr. 78–90, 93–107. Both consultants 

found that, contrary to Dr. Eckstein’s opinion, the medical evidence in the record and 

Kerstetter’s activities suggested she could complete a normal workday and work week. Tr. 85, 

104. Accordingly, the ALJ’s analysis of Dr. Eckstein’s opinion is subject to the lower, “specific 

and legitimate” standard. Orn, 495 F.3d at 632.

The ALJ summarized Dr. Eckstein’s report and gave “little weight” to her opinion 

“regarding the severity of [Kerstetter’s] claimed limitations. Tr. 21. The ALJ reasoned that 

Kerstetter’s “activities of daily living [were] not consistent with” Dr. Eckstein’s opinion, and that 

other records indicated that “treatment was beneficial for [Kerstetter] and improved her 

functioning level significantly.” Tr. 21. 

Kerstetter first argues that the ALJ’s reasoning about her daily activities was “not specific 

enough to meet Ninth Circuit standards,” Pl. Brief at 11, and the Court agrees. When explaining 

the reasons for rejecting medical opinion evidence, “[t]he ALJ must do more than state 

conclusions. He must set forth his own interpretations and explain why they, rather than the 

doctor’s, are correct.” Nelson v. Colvin, No. 3:14-CV-00914-HZ, 2015 WL 3606386, at *7 (D. 

Or. June 4, 2015) (quoting Reddick, 157 F.3d at 725). The ALJ did not explain which of 

Kerstetter’s daily activities conflict with Dr. Eckstein’s opinion, leaving the Court to comb the 

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administrative record to find specific conflicts. The ALJ’s conclusory reasoning does not provide 

anything for the Court to review, and thus the ALJ erred. Huerta v. Colvin, No. 2:15-CV-01114-

DWC, 2016 WL 69668, at *6 (W.D. Wash. Jan. 6, 2016) (finding error where the “ALJ failed to 

sufficiently identify which of Plaintiff’s activities of daily living actually conflicted with [her 

doctor’s] opinion, and otherwise failed to explain how Plaintiff's activities actually conflicted 

with [the doctor’s] opined limitations.”) (citing Burrell v. Colvin, 775 F.3d 1133, 1138 (9th Cir. 

2014)). 

However, the ALJ offered a second independent reason for discounting Dr. Eckstein’s 

opinion—that Kerstetter’s mental impairments substantially improved with treatment. Tr. 21. 

The ALJ found that records from Douglas County Mental Health (“DCMH”) indicated that 

treatment had successfully addressed Kerstetter’s issues with anxiety and panic attacks. Tr. 21. 

Her discharge summary noted that she was “graduating out of . . . mental health” and that her 

prognosis was good.” Tr. 401. Her GAF score had increased from 52 at intake to 68 at 

discharge.2The treatment notes from her last session at the facility in June of 2012 also indicated 

that her condition had substantially improved, as Kerstetter rated her anxiety and depression as a 

“0” out of 10 (with 10 being the worst). Tr. 403. This is a significant improvement from her 

reports of anxiety or depression at 7, 8, or 9 near the beginning of her treatment in 2010. Tr. 

377–79. The ALJ concluded that Kerstetter’s “treatment notes . . . from Douglas County Mental 

 

2 GAF scores are used by clinicians to rate an individual’s overall level of functioning and can encompass 

psychological, social, and occupational abilities. Wright v. Comm’r of Soc. Sec., No. 1:13-CV-02193-ST, 

2015 WL 462016, at *8 (D. Or. Feb. 4, 2015). Although the SSA has not adopted the GAF scale as 

directly correlative of an individual’s ability to work, a GAF score provides a “rough estimate of an 

individual’s psychological, social, and occupational functioning[.]” Hall v. Astrue, No. CV 10-512-SI, 

2011 WL 4381734, at *16 (D. Or. Sept. 19, 2011) (citation and quotation omitted). A GAF of 52 

indicates moderate symptoms and limitations, while a GAF of 68 indicates a person with “some mild 

symptoms . . . but generally functioning pretty well.” Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental 

Disorders IV 31–34 (4th ed.2000).

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Health demonstrate that treatment was beneficial for [Kersetetter] and improved her functional 

level significantly.” Tr. 21. 

It is well-established that impairments that can be controlled effectively with treatment 

are “not disabling for the purpose of determining eligibility for SSI benefits.” Warre v. Comm’r 

of Soc. Sec. Admin., 439 F.3d 1001, 1006 (9th Cir. 2006). The ALJ examined the medical 

evidence and reasonably concluded that it showed Kerstetter’s mental impairments were wellcontrolled with treatment through counseling. Tr. 21. That is a specific and legitimate reason, 

supported by substantial evidence, for discounting Dr. Eckstein’s opinion and therefore, the 

Court finds no error in the ALJ’s analysis. 

Kerstetter argues that a second opinion from Dr. Eckstein, rendered after the ALJ’s 

decision but considered and incorporated into the record by the Appeals Council, undermines the 

ALJ’s reasoning regarding the effectiveness of the treatment Kerstetter received at DCMH. Pl. 

Brief at 15–17. Kerstetter asserts that Dr. Eckstein’s new report is “now elevated to that of a 

treating physician’s report, thus deserving greater weight than that of an examining physician’s 

report,” and contends that a remand for additional proceedings is required to allow the ALJ the 

“opportunity to review the new evidence, the new report[,] and the new opinion of Dr. Eckstein 

. . . .” Pl. Reply at 2, 6. 

Although Kerstetter is correct that a treating physician’s opinion is generally given more 

weight than that of an examining physician, Lester, 81 F.3d at 830–31, the standard for properly 

rejecting a treating physician’s opinion is the same as for the opinion of an examining physician. 

Andrews, 53 F.3d at 1041 (explaining that when a treating or examining doctor’s opinion is 

contradicted, the ALJ may reject it for specific and legitimate reasons supported by substantial 

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evidence.). Dr. Eckstein’s post-decision letter does not change the conclusion that the ALJ’s 

analysis of Dr. Eckstein’s initial opinion is supported by substantial evidence in the record.

In her opinion from February of 2014, Dr. Eckstein wrote:

Per Ms. Kerstetter’s attorney’s request, I will comment on [ALJ] Michaelsen’s 

11/06/13 Notice of Decision-Unfavorable. On page 8 of his report, he . . . noted 

that treatment notes from the Douglas County Mental Health Center had 

addressed her issues with anxiety and panic attacks leading to improvement. Ms. 

Kerstetter testified that her providers were encouraging her discharge, even 

though she was not really ready. It is likely that Ms. Kerstetter was not as 

forthcoming with providers at the county mental health center, sensing that 

they wanted to discharge her. In essence, it appears as if Ms. Kerstetter was not 

satisfied with the counseling she received and refutes that this significantly 

improved her level of functionality. She continues to have recent/current 

situational stressors which cause her symptomatology to remain active. While 

medical consultant, Dorothy Anderson, Ph.D. found Ms. Kerstetter able to 

understand work-like procedures and understand and remember short/simple 

instructions, she acknowledged that Ms. Kerstetter was unable to understand and 

remember more complex or detailed instructions. However, considering Ms. 

Kerstetter’s anxiety level that is likely to increase under the stress of a working 

setting, it is expected that her ability to concentrate and perform even simple tasks 

on a sustained basis would be likely to fail. Thus, I continue to support the 

opinion that Ms. Kerstetter would have difficulty handling any type of regular 

employment without further psychological decompensation and overall increase 

in her psychopathology.

Tr. 524 (emphasis added).

Dr. Eckstein’s speculation regarding the circumstances surrounding Kerstetter’s 

discharge from DCMH is not adequate grounds for disturbing the ALJ’s decision and remanding 

this case for further proceedings. For one, Dr. Eckstein’s cites no evidence, other than 

Kerstetter’s testimony at the hearing before the ALJ, to support her hypothesis about Kerstetter’s 

discharge. The ALJ considered Kerstetter’s testimony on this issue, compared it to the records 

from DCMH, and concluded that there was nothing in the record to support Kerstetter’s claims 

that “the providers were encouraging her discharge, even though she really was not ready.” Tr. 

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21. Dr. Eckstein’s alternative interpretation of Kerstetter’s testimony might be a reasonable one, 

but that is not sufficient to warrant overturning the ALJ’s conclusion that the records from 

DCMH reflect that Kerstetter’s conditions significantly improved with treatment. Molina v. 

Astrue, 674 F.3d 1104, 1111 (9th Cir. 2012) (“Even when the evidence is susceptible to more 

than one rational interpretation, we must uphold the ALJ’s findings if they are supported by

inferences reasonably drawn from the record.”) (citing Tommasetti v. Astrue, 533 F.3d 1035, 

1038 (9th Cir. 2008)). 

Second, and relatedly, the absence of new evidence in Dr. Eckstein’s second report 

bearing on the ALJ’s conclusion that Kerstetter’s conditions improved with treatment means that 

a remand of this case to the ALJ to consider Dr. Eckstein’s second report simply is not 

necessary. See Mayes v. Massanari, 276 F.3d 453, 462 (9th Cir. 2001) (explaining that a 

claimant who seeks remand based on new evidence must show the new evidence bears “directly 

and substantially on the matter in dispute” and that there is “reasonable possibility that the new 

evidence would have changed the outcome of the administrative hearing.”) (internal quotation 

marks omitted). 

Finally, Kerstetter’s reliance on Dr. Eckstein’s hypothesis about her treatment at DCMH 

as grounds for remand presents a troubling choice for the Court. In essence, Kerstetter is asking 

the Court to find credible her present claim that she actively misrepresented her condition to 

treatment providers at DCMH, and then rely on those misrepresentations as a legitimate ground 

for overturning the ALJ’s interpretation of her objective medical records. The Court is simply 

unwilling to endorse such a theory.

//

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2. Kerstetter’s Credibility

Kerstetter next asserts that the ALJ gave insufficient reasons for rejecting her subjective 

complaints about the intensity, persistence, and limiting effects of her symptoms. Pl. Brief at 17. 

Although the Court agrees with Kerstetter that the ALJ committed errors in some aspects of his 

analysis of Kerstetter’s credibility, the ALJ’s overall credibility evaluation is based on other, 

legally sufficient reasons supported by substantial evidence. Accordingly, the ALJ’s errors are 

harmless and do not warrant reversal.

An ALJ analyzes the credibility of a claimant’s testimony regarding her subjective pain 

and other symptoms in two steps. Lingenfelter v. Astrue, 504 F.3d 1028, 1035–36 (9th Cir. 

2007). “First, the ALJ must determine whether the claimant has presented objective medical 

evidence of an underlying impairment which could reasonably be expected to produce the pain 

or other symptoms alleged.” Id. at 1036 (citation and internal quotation omitted). “The claimant, 

however, need not show that her impairment could reasonably be expected to cause the severity 

of the symptom she has alleged; she need only show that it could reasonably have caused some 

degree of the symptom.” Id. (citation and internal quotation omitted). Second, if the claimant 

meets the first test, and there is no evidence of malingering, the ALJ can reject her testimony 

about the severity of her symptoms only by offering specific, clear and convincing reasons for 

doing so. Id. (citation and internal quotation omitted). 

The ALJ may consider objective medical evidence and the claimant’s treatment history, 

as well as the claimant’s daily activities, work record, and observations of physicians and third 

parties with personal knowledge of the claimant’s functional limitations. Smolen v. Chater, 80 

F.3d 1273, 1283 (9th Cir. 1996). The ALJ may additionally employ ordinary techniques of 

credibility evaluation, such as weighing inconsistent statements by the claimant. Id.

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At step one, the ALJ found that Kerstetter’s “medically determinable impairments could 

reasonably be expected to cause some of the alleged symptoms.” Tr. 18. The ALJ found at step 

two that Kerstetter’s statements about the intensity, persistence, and limiting of effects of her

symptoms were not entirely credible. Tr. 19. 

First, the ALJ found that Kerstetter’s “wide range of activities suggests that her 

limitations are not as significant as alleged.” Tr. 17. The ALJ noted that Kerstetter cared for her 

three children, including one who suffers from cerebral palsy and required her assistance in 

caring for himself, walking, and performing exercises. Tr. 17–18. Kerstetter testified that she 

could perform household chores and could drive a car on occasion. Tr. 18. Her mother visited on 

occasion to help with the kids and the chores. Tr. 18. The ALJ noted her hobbies, including 

watching TV, playing games online, hanging out with her children, listening to music, and 

drawing, and that she went to church on Sundays. Tr. 18. 

There is no conflict between the activities described and Kerstetter’s claimed limitations. 

Kerstetter stated that she is “not comfortable with people or places [she] is not familiar with,” 

and that she suffers from unexpected and sudden panic attacks that impact her ability to focus. 

Tr. 179. She said that she “[doesn’t] do well under pressure or high stress situations,” and 

testified to losing her last job due to a stress-related outburst. Tr. 49–50. Kerstetter testified that 

she “[doesn’t] feel safe outside of [her] home,” and that she “is extremely uncomfortable going 

places alone.” Tr. 182. She also stated that she neglects her own personal care, and has to be 

reminded by her mom or a friend to bathe or change her clothes. Tr. 181. She stated that she 

could physically perform most chores, but that she struggled to complete them because she 

lacked motivation. Tr. 182. During the hearing she also explained that she has hoarding 

tendencies and that friends have cleaned her house “behind [her] back” because the mess was 

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taking over her house. Tr. 53–54. Kerstetter’s claimed limitations are entirely consistent with her 

daily activities, which are essentially limited to caring for her three children, playing on the 

computer, occasionally visiting with her mother, and attending church. Accordingly, this is not a 

clear and convincing reason for discounting Kerstetter’s credibility. 

At the hearing, Kerstetter testified that she had lost jobs in the past due to “outbursts in 

the workplace.” Tr. 47. Kerstetter explained that she began experiencing difficulties on the job 

completing tasks on time due to her obsessive compulsive disorder. Tr. 47–49. She also 

experienced difficulties getting along with co-workers and accepting criticism of her work from 

superiors. Tr. 49–50. As these issues compounded, Kerstetter says, she felt overwhelmed, and 

“just got really stressed out and I flipped out . . . cursed at them, and walked out the door.” Tr. 

50. “Given her activities and responsibilities,” the ALJ wrote, “anyone would feel 

overwhelmed.” Tr. 18. However, the ALJ wrote that “it is difficult to believe the claimant has 

uncontrollable outbursts [] that prevent her from working.” Tr. 18. The ALJ reasoned that 

Kerstetter “appear[ed] to lead a very structured, ordered lifestyle,” whereby she did chores, 

prepared meals, and played games with her children. Tr. 18. The ALJ noted that Kerstetter “had 

been trying to get her sons involved in community recycling, and would watch television with 

them and read them stories at night.” Tr. 18.

Again, the Court fails to see the conflict between Kerstetter’s testimony and the evidence 

the ALJ relied on to discount her credibility. The fact that Kerstetter can maintain a household 

and care for her children in a structured way does not mean that her anxiety and her obsessive 

compulsive tendencies could not severely impact her ability to work. Perez v. Astrue, No. CV 

09-4600-MLG, 2010 WL 1051128, at *9 (C.D. Cal. Mar. 18, 2010) (“While Plaintiff's OCD may 

actually help him care for his son in some respects, that same severe impairment could be a 

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liability in the work setting.”). The ALJ’s conclusion that Kerstetter’s claims about her outbursts 

at work are “difficult to believe” is not supported by the evidence in the record and it therefore 

not a clear and convincing reason for discounting her credibility. 

These errors, however, do not necessarily require the Court to disturb the ALJ’s 

conclusion that Kerstetter’s claims are not entirely credible. If there is substantial evidence 

supporting the ALJ’s other reasons for discounting a claimant’s credibility, an error as to some of 

the ALJ’s given reasons “does not negate the validity of the ALJ’s ultimate [credibility] 

conclusion[.]” Minter v. Comm’r of Soc. Sec., No. 3:11-CV-00113-KI, 2012 WL 1866608, at *3 

(D. Or. May 22, 2012) (quoting Carmickle v. Comm’r of Soc. Sec. Admin., 533 F.3d 1155, 1162 

(9th Cir. 2008)).

The ALJ gave several other reasons to support his adverse credibility finding. First, the 

ALJ wrote that “[a] review of [Kerstetter’s] work history shows that [she] has a very minimal 

work history prior to the alleged disability onset date, which raises a question as to whether [her] 

continuing unemployment is actually due to medical impairments.” Tr. 18. A claimant’s limited 

work history that shows little propensity to work is a legitimate reason to discount the credibility 

of her testimony about her ability to work. Giroux v. Colvin, No. 1:11-CV-03158-SI, 2014 WL 

6750319, at *6 (D. Or. Dec. 1, 2014) (citing Thomas v. Barnhart, 278 F.3d 947, 959 (9th Cir. 

2002). Kerstetter’s earnings records show she only worked in four years since 1995, and in two 

of those years she only earned approximately $1,000. Thus, the ALJ’s reasoning on this point is 

supported by substantial evidence in the record. 

The ALJ also relied on inconsistencies between Kerstetter’s claims about the severity of 

her physical limitations and her reported activities to discount her credibility. Kerstetter claimed

to suffer from constant back and hip pain that limited her ability to lift, stand, walk, and kneel. 

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17 - OPINION & ORDER

Tr. 184, 200. She wrote that she could not stand for long periods, and could only walk for two or 

three blocks before needing a five- to ten-minute break before continuing. Tr. 184. The ALJ 

noted, however, that “some of her pain problems were the result of a fall while was out hiking in 

August 2012,” a few months after she completed her disability application near the end of 

February. Tr. 20, 186. The ALJ also noted that Kerstetter reported carrying her son. The 

contradictions between Kerstetter’s claimed limitations and her activities is another legitimate 

reason for discounting her credibility that is supported by substantial evidence in the record. 

Batson v. Comm’r of Soc. Sec. Admin., 359 F.3d 1190, 1196 (9th Cir. 2004) (“To find the 

claimant not credible the ALJ [may] rely . . . on internal contradictions in that testimony.”) 

(citation omitted). 

The ALJ wrote that, prior to her fall, the treatment for Kerstetter’s back pain was 

conservative, and that medical records subsequent to her fall did not support her allegedly severe 

physical limitations. Tr. 20. The ALJ provided a detailed summary of the relevant medical 

records, and noted that her doctors repeatedly found she had good strength, had no problem 

walking, and that imaging of her neck and back was consistently negative. Tr. 19. Kerstetter’s 

doctors recommended stretching and strengthening exercises to treat her back pain, and 

prescribed her ibuprofen and Vicodin. Tr. 243, 449–50. These too are legitimate reasons, 

supported by substantial evidence, for discounting Kerstetter’s credibility about the extent of her 

physical limitations. See Burch v. Barnhart, 400 F.3d 676, 681 (9th Cir. 2005) (“Although lack 

of medical evidence cannot form the sole basis for discounting pain testimony, it is a factor that 

the ALJ can consider in his credibility analysis.”); Bartlett v. Colvin, No. 1:14-CV-00142-SB, 

2015 WL 2412457, at *12 (D. Or. May 21, 2015) (collecting cases regarding “conservative 

treatment” and credibility).

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Moreover, the ALJ did not entirely reject Kerstetter’s claims. Consistent with her 

allegations about her anxiety and difficulties getting along with co-workers, the ALJ limited 

Kerstetter to jobs that had only occasional interaction with supervisors, co-workers, and the 

general public. Tr. 17. Although Kerstetter “reported that she did not socialize very much,” the 

ALJ noted that she planned to have a friend stay at her house while her son recovered from 

surgery, and that she interacted with her mom and other friends who helped her shop and do 

chores. Tr. 18. Kerstetter also testified that she regularly attended church, and other evidence in 

the record showed that she attended a women’s camp (which Kerstetter described as 

“awesome”), took a Zumba class at the local YMCA, and attended a “Wildlife Safari” event with 

her children. Tr. 183, 318, 407. The ALJ balanced Kerstetter’s claims against evidence in the 

record that contradicted her testimony, and constructed an RFC that accounted for her 

limitations. See Carmickle, 533 F.3d at 1163 (finding harmless error, in part, because the ALJ’s 

RFC was “largely consistent with [the plaintiff’s] testimony). 

The ALJ’s analysis of Kerstetter’s credibility, despite the errors identified above, is 

specific and supported by substantial evidence. Thus, the Court finds no error. Id. (“[T]he 

remaining valid reasons supporting the ALJ’s determination . . . are specific findings related to 

[the plaintiff’s] ability to perform vocational functions, and they clearly demonstrate that to the 

extent the ALJ found [the plaintiff’s] testimony incredible, the ALJ did not do so arbitrarily.”).

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CONCLUSION

The Commissioner’s decision is affirmed. 

IT IS SO ORDERED.

Dated this _________ day of _______________________, 2016.

__________________________________ 

MARCO A. HERNÁNDEZ

United States District Judge

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