# CE2006295EN.01000101.xml

| 5.12.2006 | EN | Official Journal of the European Union | CE 295/1 |
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5.12.2006

EN

Official Journal of the European Union

CE 295/1

---

COMMON POSITION (EC) No 23/2006

COMMON POSITION

adopted by the Council on 18 September 2006

with a view to the adoption of Directive 2006/.../EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of... on driving licences (Recast)

(2006/C 295 E/01)

(Text with EEA relevance)

THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION,

Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Article 71 thereof,

Having regard to the proposal from the Commission,

Having regard to the Opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee (1),

1

After consulting the Committee of the Regions,

Acting in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 251 of the Treaty (2),

2

Whereas:

| (1) | Council Directive 91/439/EEC of 29 July 1991 on driving licences (3) has been significantly amended on several occasions. Now that new amendments are being made to the said Directive, it is desirable, in order to clarify matters, that the provisions in question should be recast. |
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(1)

Council Directive 91/439/EEC of 29 July 1991 on driving licences (3) has been significantly amended on several occasions. Now that new amendments are being made to the said Directive, it is desirable, in order to clarify matters, that the provisions in question should be recast.

3

| (2) | The rules on driving licences are essential elements of the common transport policy, contribute to improving road safety, and facilitate the free movement of persons taking up residence in a Member State other than the one issuing the licence. Given the importance of individual means of transport, possession of a driving licence duly recognised by a host Member State promotes free movement and freedom of establishment of persons. Despite the progress achieved with harmonising the rules on driving licences, significant differences have persisted between Member States in the rules on periodicity of licences renewal and on subcategories of vehicles, which needed to be harmonised more fully, in order to contribute to the implementation of Community policies. |
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(2)

The rules on driving licences are essential elements of the common transport policy, contribute to improving road safety, and facilitate the free movement of persons taking up residence in a Member State other than the one issuing the licence. Given the importance of individual means of transport, possession of a driving licence duly recognised by a host Member State promotes free movement and freedom of establishment of persons. Despite the progress achieved with harmonising the rules on driving licences, significant differences have persisted between Member States in the rules on periodicity of licences renewal and on subcategories of vehicles, which needed to be harmonised more fully, in order to contribute to the implementation of Community policies.

| (3) | The possibility of laying down national provisions with regard to the period of validity provided for in Directive 91/439/EEC leads to the co-existence of different rules in different Member States and over 110 different models of driving licences valid in the Member States. This creates problems of transparency for citizens, police forces and the administrations responsible for the administration of driving licences and leads to the falsification of documents which sometimes date back several decades. |
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(3)

The possibility of laying down national provisions with regard to the period of validity provided for in Directive 91/439/EEC leads to the co-existence of different rules in different Member States and over 110 different models of driving licences valid in the Member States. This creates problems of transparency for citizens, police forces and the administrations responsible for the administration of driving licences and leads to the falsification of documents which sometimes date back several decades.

| (4) | In order to prevent the single European driving licence model from becoming an additional model to the 110 already in circulation, Member States should take all necessary measures to issue this single model to all licence holders. |
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(4)

In order to prevent the single European driving licence model from becoming an additional model to the 110 already in circulation, Member States should take all necessary measures to issue this single model to all licence holders.

| (5) | This Directive should not prejudice existing entitlements to drive granted or acquired before its date of application. |
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(5)

This Directive should not prejudice existing entitlements to drive granted or acquired before its date of application.

| (6) | Driving licences are mutually recognised. Member States should be able to apply the period of validity prescribed by this Directive to a licence without a limited administrative validity issued by another Member State and whose holder has resided on their territory for more than two years. |
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(6)

Driving licences are mutually recognised. Member States should be able to apply the period of validity prescribed by this Directive to a licence without a limited administrative validity issued by another Member State and whose holder has resided on their territory for more than two years.

| (7) | The introduction of a period of administrative validity for new driving licences should make it possible to apply at the time of periodic renewal the most recent counter-falsification measures and the medical examinations or other measures provided for by the Member States. |
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(7)

The introduction of a period of administrative validity for new driving licences should make it possible to apply at the time of periodic renewal the most recent counter-falsification measures and the medical examinations or other measures provided for by the Member States.

| (8) | On road safety grounds, the minimum requirements for the issue of a driving licence should be laid down. Standards for driving tests and licensing need to be harmonised. To this end the knowledge, skills and behaviour connected with driving motor vehicles should be defined, the driving test should be based on these concepts and the minimum standards of physical and mental fitness for driving such vehicles should be redefined. |
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(8)

On road safety grounds, the minimum requirements for the issue of a driving licence should be laid down. Standards for driving tests and licensing need to be harmonised. To this end the knowledge, skills and behaviour connected with driving motor vehicles should be defined, the driving test should be based on these concepts and the minimum standards of physical and mental fitness for driving such vehicles should be redefined.

| (9) | Proof of fulfilment of compliance with minimum standards of physical and mental fitness for driving by drivers of vehicles used for the transport of persons or goods should be provided when the driving licence is issued and periodically thereafter. Such regular control in accordance with national rules of compliance with minimum standards will contribute to the free movement of persons, avoid distortions of competition and better take into account the specific responsibility of drivers of such vehicles. Member States should be allowed to impose medical examinations as a guarantee of compliance with the minimum standards of physical and mental fitness for driving other motor vehicles. For reasons of transparency, such examinations should coincide with a renewal of driving licences and therefore be determined by the period of validity of the licence. |
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(9)

Proof of fulfilment of compliance with minimum standards of physical and mental fitness for driving by drivers of vehicles used for the transport of persons or goods should be provided when the driving licence is issued and periodically thereafter. Such regular control in accordance with national rules of compliance with minimum standards will contribute to the free movement of persons, avoid distortions of competition and better take into account the specific responsibility of drivers of such vehicles. Member States should be allowed to impose medical examinations as a guarantee of compliance with the minimum standards of physical and mental fitness for driving other motor vehicles. For reasons of transparency, such examinations should coincide with a renewal of driving licences and therefore be determined by the period of validity of the licence.

| (10) | It is necessary to strengthen further the principle of progressive access to the categories of two-wheeled vehicles and to the categories of vehicles used for the transport of passengers and goods. |
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(10)

It is necessary to strengthen further the principle of progressive access to the categories of two-wheeled vehicles and to the categories of vehicles used for the transport of passengers and goods.

| (11) | Nevertheless, Member States should be allowed to set a higher age limit for the driving of certain categories of vehicles in order to further promote road safety; Member States should in exceptional circumstances be allowed to set lower age limits in order to take account of national circumstances. |
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(11)

Nevertheless, Member States should be allowed to set a higher age limit for the driving of certain categories of vehicles in order to further promote road safety; Member States should in exceptional circumstances be allowed to set lower age limits in order to take account of national circumstances.

| (12) | The definitions of the categories should reflect to a greater extent the technical characteristics of the vehicles concerned and the skills needed to drive a vehicle. |
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(12)

The definitions of the categories should reflect to a greater extent the technical characteristics of the vehicles concerned and the skills needed to drive a vehicle.

| (13) | Introducing a category of driving licences for mopeds will, in particular, increase road safety as regards the youngest drivers who, according to the statistics, are the hardest hit by road accidents. |
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(13)

Introducing a category of driving licences for mopeds will, in particular, increase road safety as regards the youngest drivers who, according to the statistics, are the hardest hit by road accidents.

| (14) | Specific provisions should be adopted to make it easier for physically disabled persons to drive vehicles. |
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(14)

Specific provisions should be adopted to make it easier for physically disabled persons to drive vehicles.

| (15) | For reasons connected with road safety, Member States should be able to apply their national provisions on the withdrawal, suspension, renewal and cancellation of driving licences to all licence holders having acquired normal residence in their territory. |
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(15)

For reasons connected with road safety, Member States should be able to apply their national provisions on the withdrawal, suspension, renewal and cancellation of driving licences to all licence holders having acquired normal residence in their territory.

| (16) | The model driving licence as set out in Directive 91/439/EEC should be replaced by a single model in the form of a plastic card. At the same time, this model driving licence needs to be adapted on account of the introduction of a new category of driving licences for mopeds and of a new category of driving licences for motorcycles. |
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(16)

The model driving licence as set out in Directive 91/439/EEC should be replaced by a single model in the form of a plastic card. At the same time, this model driving licence needs to be adapted on account of the introduction of a new category of driving licences for mopeds and of a new category of driving licences for motorcycles.

| (17) | The introduction of an optional microchip in the new plastic card model driving licence should enable the Member States to further improve the level of anti-fraud protection. Member States should have flexibility to include national data on the chip provided that it does not interfere with commonly accessible data. The technical requirements for the microchip should be determined by the Commission, assisted by the committee on driving licences. |
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(17)

The introduction of an optional microchip in the new plastic card model driving licence should enable the Member States to further improve the level of anti-fraud protection. Member States should have flexibility to include national data on the chip provided that it does not interfere with commonly accessible data. The technical requirements for the microchip should be determined by the Commission, assisted by the committee on driving licences.

| (18) | Minimum standards concerning access to the profession of examiner and examiner training requirements should be established in order to improve the knowledge and skills of examiners thereby ensuring a more objective evaluation of driving licence applicants and achieving greater harmonisation of driving tests. |
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(18)

Minimum standards concerning access to the profession of examiner and examiner training requirements should be established in order to improve the knowledge and skills of examiners thereby ensuring a more objective evaluation of driving licence applicants and achieving greater harmonisation of driving tests.

| (19) | The Commission should be allowed to undertake the adaptation of Annexes I to VI to scientific and technical progress. |
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(19)

The Commission should be allowed to undertake the adaptation of Annexes I to VI to scientific and technical progress.

| (20) | The measures necessary for the implementation of this Directive should be adopted in accordance with Council Decision 1999/468/EC of 28 June 1999 laying down the procedures for the exercise of implementing powers conferred on the Commission (4). |
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(20)

The measures necessary for the implementation of this Directive should be adopted in accordance with Council Decision 1999/468/EC of 28 June 1999 laying down the procedures for the exercise of implementing powers conferred on the Commission (4).

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| (21) | Since the objectives of this Directive cannot be sufficiently achieved by the Member States and can therefore, by reason of their scale and their effects, be better achieved at Community level, the Community may adopt measures, in accordance with the principle of subsidiarity as set out in Article 5 of the Treaty. In accordance with the principle of proportionality, as set out in that Article, this Directive does not go beyond what is necessary in order to achieve those objectives. |
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(21)

Since the objectives of this Directive cannot be sufficiently achieved by the Member States and can therefore, by reason of their scale and their effects, be better achieved at Community level, the Community may adopt measures, in accordance with the principle of subsidiarity as set out in Article 5 of the Treaty. In accordance with the principle of proportionality, as set out in that Article, this Directive does not go beyond what is necessary in order to achieve those objectives.

| (22) | This Directive should not prejudice the obligations of the Member States relating to the deadlines for transposition into national law and application of the Directives listed in Annex VII, Part B, |
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(22)

This Directive should not prejudice the obligations of the Member States relating to the deadlines for transposition into national law and application of the Directives listed in Annex VII, Part B,

HAVE ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:

Article 1

Model licence

1.   Member States shall introduce a national driving licence based on the Community model set out in Annex I, in accordance with the provisions of this Directive. The emblem on page 1 of the Community model driving licences shall contain the distinguishing sign of the Member State issuing the licence.

2.   Without prejudice to data protection rules, Member States may introduce a storage medium (microchip) as part of the driving licence, as soon as the requirements in Annex I concerning the microchip are laid down by the Commission in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 9(2). These requirements shall provide for EC type-approval, which shall only be granted when the ability to resist attempts to tamper with or alter data is demonstrated.

3.   The microchip shall incorporate the harmonised driving licence data specified in Annex I.

After consulting the Commission, Member States may store additional data, provided that it does not in any way interfere with the implementation of this Directive.

In accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 9(2), the Commission may adapt Annex I in order to guarantee future interoperability.

4.   With the agreement of the Commission, Member States may make to the model set out in Annex I such adjustments as are necessary for computer processing of the driving licence.

Article 2

Mutual recognition

1.   Driving licences issued by Member States shall be mutually recognised.

2.   When the holder of a valid national driving licence without the administrative validity period set out in Article 7(2) takes up normal residence in a Member State other than that which issued the driving licence, the host Member State may apply to the licence the administrative validity periods set out in that Article by renewing the driving licence, as from 2 years after the date on which the holder has taken up normal residence on its territory.

Article 3

Anti-forgery measures

1.   Member States shall take all necessary steps to avoid any risk of forgery of driving licences, including that of model driving licences issued before the entry into force of this Directive. They shall inform the Commission thereof.

2.   The material used for the driving licence, as set out in Annex I, shall be made secure against forgery in application of specifications which are to be laid down by the Commission in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 9(2). Member States are free to introduce additional security features.

3.   Member States shall ensure that, by ... (5), all driving licences issued or in circulation fulfil all the requirements of this Directive.

5

Article 4

Categories, definitions and minimum ages

1.   The driving licence provided for in Article 1 shall authorise the driving of power-driven vehicles in the categories defined hereafter. It may be issued from the minimum age indicated for each category. A ‘power-driven vehicle’ means any self-propelled vehicle running on a road under its own power, other than a rail-borne vehicle.

2.   Mopeds:

| | Category AM






  — | Two-wheel vehicles or three-wheel vehicles with a maximum design speed of not more than 45 km/h, as defined in Article 1(2)(a) of Directive 2002/24/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 March 2002 relating to the type-approval of two or three-wheel motor vehicles and repealing Council Directive 92/61/EEC (6) (excluding those with a maximum design speed under or equal to 25 km/h), and light quadricycles as defined in Article 1(3)(a) of Directive 2002/24/EC, |
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Category AM

—

Two-wheel vehicles or three-wheel vehicles with a maximum design speed of not more than 45 km/h, as defined in Article 1(2)(a) of Directive 2002/24/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 March 2002 relating to the type-approval of two or three-wheel motor vehicles and repealing Council Directive 92/61/EEC (6) (excluding those with a maximum design speed under or equal to 25 km/h), and light quadricycles as defined in Article 1(3)(a) of Directive 2002/24/EC,

6

| — | the minimum age for category AM is fixed at 16 years; |
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—

the minimum age for category AM is fixed at 16 years;

3.   Motorcycles with or without a sidecar and motor tricycles:

| — | ‘motorcycle’ means two-wheel vehicles with or without a sidecar, as defined in Article 1(2)(b) of Directive 2002/24/EC, |
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—

‘motorcycle’ means two-wheel vehicles with or without a sidecar, as defined in Article 1(2)(b) of Directive 2002/24/EC,

| — | ‘motor tricycle’ means vehicles with three symmetrically arranged wheels, as defined in Article 1(2)(c) of Directive 2002/24/EC; |
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—

‘motor tricycle’ means vehicles with three symmetrically arranged wheels, as defined in Article 1(2)(c) of Directive 2002/24/EC;

| (a) | Category A1:






  — | motorcycles with a cylinder capacity not exceeding 125 cubic centimetres, of a power not exceeding 11 kW and with a power/weight ratio not exceeding 0,1 kW/kg, |
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(a)

Category A1:

—

motorcycles with a cylinder capacity not exceeding 125 cubic centimetres, of a power not exceeding 11 kW and with a power/weight ratio not exceeding 0,1 kW/kg,

| — | motor tricycles with a power not exceeding 15 kW, |
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—

motor tricycles with a power not exceeding 15 kW,

| — | the minimum age for category A1 is fixed at 16 years; |
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—

the minimum age for category A1 is fixed at 16 years;

| (b) | Category A2:






  — | motorcycles of a power not exceeding 35 kW and with a power/weight ratio not exceeding 0,2 kW/kg and not derived from a vehicle of more than double its power, |
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(b)

Category A2:

—

motorcycles of a power not exceeding 35 kW and with a power/weight ratio not exceeding 0,2 kW/kg and not derived from a vehicle of more than double its power,

| — | the minimum age for category A2 is fixed at 18 years; |
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—

the minimum age for category A2 is fixed at 18 years;

| (c) | Category A:






  (i) | motorcycles






  — | The minimum age for category A is fixed at 20 years. However, access to the driving of motorcycles of this category shall be subject to a minimum of two years' experience on motorcycles under an A2 licence. This requirement as to previous experience may be waived if the candidate is at least 24 years old. |
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(c)

Category A:

(i)

motorcycles

—

The minimum age for category A is fixed at 20 years. However, access to the driving of motorcycles of this category shall be subject to a minimum of two years' experience on motorcycles under an A2 licence. This requirement as to previous experience may be waived if the candidate is at least 24 years old.

| (ii) | motor tricycles with a power exceeding 15 kW






  — | The minimum age for motor tricycles exceeding 15 kW is fixed at 21 years.OK ? |
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(ii)

motor tricycles with a power exceeding 15 kW

—

The minimum age for motor tricycles exceeding 15 kW is fixed at 21 years.OK ?

4.   Motor vehicles:

| — | ‘motor vehicle’ means any power-driven vehicle, which is normally used for carrying persons or goods by road or for drawing, on the road, vehicles used for the carriage of persons or goods. This term shall include trolleybuses, i.e. vehicles connected to an electric conductor and not rail-borne. It shall not include agricultural or forestry tractors, |
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—

‘motor vehicle’ means any power-driven vehicle, which is normally used for carrying persons or goods by road or for drawing, on the road, vehicles used for the carriage of persons or goods. This term shall include trolleybuses, i.e. vehicles connected to an electric conductor and not rail-borne. It shall not include agricultural or forestry tractors,

| — | ‘Agricultural or forestry tractor’ means any power-driven vehicle running on wheels or tracks, having at least two axles, the principal function of which lies in its tractive power, which is specially designed to pull, push, carry or operate certain tools, machines or trailers used in connection with agricultural or forestry operations, and the use of which for carrying persons or goods by road or drawing, on the road, vehicles used for the carriage of persons or goods is only a secondary function; |
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—

‘Agricultural or forestry tractor’ means any power-driven vehicle running on wheels or tracks, having at least two axles, the principal function of which lies in its tractive power, which is specially designed to pull, push, carry or operate certain tools, machines or trailers used in connection with agricultural or forestry operations, and the use of which for carrying persons or goods by road or drawing, on the road, vehicles used for the carriage of persons or goods is only a secondary function;

| (a) | Category B1:






  — | quadricycles, as defined in Article 1(3)(b) of Directive 2002/24/EC, |
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(a)

Category B1:

—

quadricycles, as defined in Article 1(3)(b) of Directive 2002/24/EC,

| — | the minimum age for category B1 is fixed at 16 years, |
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—

the minimum age for category B1 is fixed at 16 years,

| — | category B1 is optional; in Member States which do not introduce this category of driving licence, a driving licence for category B shall be required to drive such vehicles; |
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—

category B1 is optional; in Member States which do not introduce this category of driving licence, a driving licence for category B shall be required to drive such vehicles;

| (b) | Category B:
  motor vehicles with a maximum authorised mass not exceeding 3 500 kg and designed and constructed for the carriage of no more than eight passengers in addition to the driver; motor vehicles in this category may be combined with a trailer having a maximum authorised mass which does not exceed 750 kg.
  Without prejudice to the provisions of type-approval rules for the vehicles concerned, motor vehicles in this category may be combined with a trailer with a maximum authorised mass exceeding 750 kg, provided that the maximum authorised mass of this combination does not exceed 4 250 kg. In case such a combination exceeds 3 500 kg, Member States shall, in accordance with the provisions of Annex V, require that this combination shall only be driven after:






  — | a training has been completed, or |
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(b)

Category B:

motor vehicles with a maximum authorised mass not exceeding 3 500 kg and designed and constructed for the carriage of no more than eight passengers in addition to the driver; motor vehicles in this category may be combined with a trailer having a maximum authorised mass which does not exceed 750 kg.

Without prejudice to the provisions of type-approval rules for the vehicles concerned, motor vehicles in this category may be combined with a trailer with a maximum authorised mass exceeding 750 kg, provided that the maximum authorised mass of this combination does not exceed 4 250 kg. In case such a combination exceeds 3 500 kg, Member States shall, in accordance with the provisions of Annex V, require that this combination shall only be driven after:

—

a training has been completed, or

| — | a test of skills and behaviour has been passed. |
| --- | --- |

—

a test of skills and behaviour has been passed.

Member States may also require both such a training and the passing of a test of skills and behaviour.

Member States shall indicate the entitlement to drive such a combination on the driving licence by means of the relevant Community code.

The minimum age for category B is fixed at 18 years;

| (c) | Category BE:






  — | without prejudice to the provisions of type-approval rules for the vehicles concerned, combination of vehicles consisting of a tractor vehicle in category B and a trailer or semi-trailer where the maximum authorised mass of the trailer or semi-trailer does not exceed 3 500 kg, |
| --- | --- | --- |

(c)

Category BE:

—

without prejudice to the provisions of type-approval rules for the vehicles concerned, combination of vehicles consisting of a tractor vehicle in category B and a trailer or semi-trailer where the maximum authorised mass of the trailer or semi-trailer does not exceed 3 500 kg,

| — | the minimum age for category BE is fixed at 18 years; |
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—

the minimum age for category BE is fixed at 18 years;

| (d) | Category C1:
  motor vehicles other than those in categories D1 or D, the maximum authorised mass of which exceeds 3 500 kg, but does not exceed 7 500 kg, and which are designed and constructed for the carriage of no more than eight passengers in addition to the driver; motor vehicles in this category may be combined with a trailer having a maximum authorised mass not exceeding 750 kg; |
| --- | --- |

(d)

Category C1:

motor vehicles other than those in categories D1 or D, the maximum authorised mass of which exceeds 3 500 kg, but does not exceed 7 500 kg, and which are designed and constructed for the carriage of no more than eight passengers in addition to the driver; motor vehicles in this category may be combined with a trailer having a maximum authorised mass not exceeding 750 kg;

| (e) | Category C1E:






  — | without prejudice to the provisions of type-approval rules for the vehicles concerned, combinations of vehicles where the tractor vehicle is in category C1 and its trailer or semi-trailer has a maximum authorised mass of over 750 kg provided that the authorised mass of the combination does not exceed 12 000 kg, |
| --- | --- | --- |

(e)

Category C1E:

—

without prejudice to the provisions of type-approval rules for the vehicles concerned, combinations of vehicles where the tractor vehicle is in category C1 and its trailer or semi-trailer has a maximum authorised mass of over 750 kg provided that the authorised mass of the combination does not exceed 12 000 kg,

| — | without prejudice to the provisions of type-approval rules for the vehicles concerned, combinations of vehicles where the tractor vehicle is in category B and its trailer or semi-trailer has an authorised mass of over 3 500 kg, provided that the authorised mass of the combination does not exceed 12 000 kg, |
| --- | --- |

—

without prejudice to the provisions of type-approval rules for the vehicles concerned, combinations of vehicles where the tractor vehicle is in category B and its trailer or semi-trailer has an authorised mass of over 3 500 kg, provided that the authorised mass of the combination does not exceed 12 000 kg,

| — | the minimum age for categories C1 and C1E is fixed at the age of 18 years, without prejudice to the provisions for the driving of such vehicles in Directive 2003/59/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 July 2003 on the initial qualification and periodic training of drivers of certain road vehicles for the carriage of goods or passengers amending Council Regulation (EEC) No 3820/85 and Council Directive 91/439/EEC and repealing Council Directive 76/914/EEC (7); |
| --- | --- |

—

the minimum age for categories C1 and C1E is fixed at the age of 18 years, without prejudice to the provisions for the driving of such vehicles in Directive 2003/59/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 July 2003 on the initial qualification and periodic training of drivers of certain road vehicles for the carriage of goods or passengers amending Council Regulation (EEC) No 3820/85 and Council Directive 91/439/EEC and repealing Council Directive 76/914/EEC (7);

7

| (f) | Category C:
  motor vehicles other than those in categories D1 or D, whose maximum authorised mass is over 3 500 kg and which are designed and constructed for the carriage of no more than eight passengers in addition to the driver; motor vehicles in this category may be combined with a trailer having a maximum authorised mass which does not exceed 750 kg; |
| --- | --- |

(f)

Category C:

motor vehicles other than those in categories D1 or D, whose maximum authorised mass is over 3 500 kg and which are designed and constructed for the carriage of no more than eight passengers in addition to the driver; motor vehicles in this category may be combined with a trailer having a maximum authorised mass which does not exceed 750 kg;

| (g) | Category CE:






  — | without prejudice to the provisions of type-approval rules for the vehicles concerned, combinations of vehicles where the tractor vehicle is in category C and its trailer or semi-trailer has a maximum authorised mass of over 750 kg, |
| --- | --- | --- |

(g)

Category CE:

—

without prejudice to the provisions of type-approval rules for the vehicles concerned, combinations of vehicles where the tractor vehicle is in category C and its trailer or semi-trailer has a maximum authorised mass of over 750 kg,

| — | the minimum age for categories C and CE is fixed at 21 years, without prejudice to the provisions for the driving of such vehicles in Directive 2003/59/EC; |
| --- | --- |

—

the minimum age for categories C and CE is fixed at 21 years, without prejudice to the provisions for the driving of such vehicles in Directive 2003/59/EC;

| (h) | Category D1:
  motor vehicles designed and constructed for the carriage of no more than 16 passengers in addition to the driver and with a maximum length not exceeding 8 m; motor vehicles in this category may be combined with a trailer having a maximum authorised mass not exceeding 750 kg; |
| --- | --- |

(h)

Category D1:

motor vehicles designed and constructed for the carriage of no more than 16 passengers in addition to the driver and with a maximum length not exceeding 8 m; motor vehicles in this category may be combined with a trailer having a maximum authorised mass not exceeding 750 kg;

| (i) | Category D1E:






  — | without prejudice to the provisions of type-approval rules for the vehicles concerned, combinations of vehicles where the tractor vehicle is in category D1 and its trailer has a maximum authorised mass of over 750 kg, |
| --- | --- | --- |

(i)

Category D1E:

—

without prejudice to the provisions of type-approval rules for the vehicles concerned, combinations of vehicles where the tractor vehicle is in category D1 and its trailer has a maximum authorised mass of over 750 kg,

| — | the minimum age for categories D1 and D1E is fixed at 21 years, without prejudice to the provisions for the driving of such vehicles in Directive 2003/59/EC; |
| --- | --- |

—

the minimum age for categories D1 and D1E is fixed at 21 years, without prejudice to the provisions for the driving of such vehicles in Directive 2003/59/EC;

| (j) | Category D:
  motor vehicles designed and constructed for the carriage of more than eight passengers in addition to the driver; motor vehicles which may be driven with a category D licence may be combined with a trailer having a maximum authorised mass which does not exceed 750 kg; |
| --- | --- |

(j)

Category D:

motor vehicles designed and constructed for the carriage of more than eight passengers in addition to the driver; motor vehicles which may be driven with a category D licence may be combined with a trailer having a maximum authorised mass which does not exceed 750 kg;

| (k) | Category DE:






  — | without prejudice to the provisions of type-approval rules for the vehicles concerned, combinations of vehicles where the tractor vehicle is in category D and its trailer has a maximum authorised mass of over 750 kg, |
| --- | --- | --- |

(k)

Category DE:

—

without prejudice to the provisions of type-approval rules for the vehicles concerned, combinations of vehicles where the tractor vehicle is in category D and its trailer has a maximum authorised mass of over 750 kg,

| — | the minimum age for categories D and DE is fixed at 24 years, without prejudice to the provisions for the driving of such vehicles in Directive 2003/59/EC; |
| --- | --- |

—

the minimum age for categories D and DE is fixed at 24 years, without prejudice to the provisions for the driving of such vehicles in Directive 2003/59/EC;

5.   With the agreement of the Commission, Member States may exclude from the application of this Article certain specific types of power-driven vehicle such as special vehicles for disabled persons.

Member States may exclude from the application of this Directive vehicles used by, or under the control of, the armed forces and civil defence.

6.   Member States may raise or lower the minimum age for issuing a driving licence:

| (a) | for category AM down to 14 years or up to 18 years; |
| --- | --- |

(a)

for category AM down to 14 years or up to 18 years;

| (b) | for category B1 up to 18 years; |
| --- | --- |

(b)

for category B1 up to 18 years;

| (c) | for category A1 up to 17 or 18 years,






  — | if there is a two years difference between the minimum age for category A1 and the minimum age for category A2, and |
| --- | --- | --- |

(c)

for category A1 up to 17 or 18 years,

—

if there is a two years difference between the minimum age for category A1 and the minimum age for category A2, and

| — | there is a requirement of a minimum of two years experience on motorcycles of category A2 before access to the driving of motorcycles for category A can be granted, as referred to in Article 4(3)(c)(i); |
| --- | --- |

—

there is a requirement of a minimum of two years experience on motorcycles of category A2 before access to the driving of motorcycles for category A can be granted, as referred to in Article 4(3)(c)(i);

| (d) | for categories B and BE down to 17 years. |
| --- | --- |

(d)

for categories B and BE down to 17 years.

Member States may lower the minimum age for category C to 18 years and for category D to 21 years with regard to:

| (a) | vehicles used by the fire service and vehicles used for maintaining public order; |
| --- | --- |

(a)

vehicles used by the fire service and vehicles used for maintaining public order;

| (b) | vehicles undergoing road tests for repair or maintenance purposes. |
| --- | --- |

(b)

vehicles undergoing road tests for repair or maintenance purposes.

Driving licences issued to persons at a lower age than set out in paragraphs 2 to 4 in accordance with this paragraph shall only be valid on the territory of the issuing Member State until the licence holder has reached the minimum age limit set out in paragraphs 2 to 4.

Member States may recognise the validity on their territory of driving licences issued to drivers under the minimum ages set out in paragraphs 2 to 4.

Article 5

Conditions and restrictions

1.   Driving licences shall state the conditions under which the driver is authorised to drive.

2.   If, because of a physical disability, driving is authorised only for certain types of vehicle or for adapted vehicles, the test of skills and behaviour provided for in Article 7 shall be taken in such a vehicle.

Article 6

Staging and equivalences between categories

1.   The issue of driving licences shall be subject to the following conditions:

| (a) | licences for categories C1, C, D1 and D shall be issued only to drivers already entitled to drive vehicles in category B; |
| --- | --- |

(a)

licences for categories C1, C, D1 and D shall be issued only to drivers already entitled to drive vehicles in category B;

| (b) | licences for categories BE, C1E, CE, D1E and DE shall be issued only to drivers already entitled to drive vehicles in categories B, C1, C, D1 and D respectively. |
| --- | --- |

(b)

licences for categories BE, C1E, CE, D1E and DE shall be issued only to drivers already entitled to drive vehicles in categories B, C1, C, D1 and D respectively.

2.   The validity of driving licences shall be determined as follows:

| (a) | licences granted for categories C1E, CE, D1E or DE shall be valid for combinations of vehicles in category BE; |
| --- | --- |

(a)

licences granted for categories C1E, CE, D1E or DE shall be valid for combinations of vehicles in category BE;

| (b) | licences granted for category CE shall be valid for category DE as long as their holders are entitled to drive vehicles in category D; |
| --- | --- |

(b)

licences granted for category CE shall be valid for category DE as long as their holders are entitled to drive vehicles in category D;

| (c) | licences granted for category CE and DE shall be valid for combinations of vehicles in categories C1E and D1E respectively; |
| --- | --- |

(c)

licences granted for category CE and DE shall be valid for combinations of vehicles in categories C1E and D1E respectively;

| (d) | licences granted for any category shall be valid for vehicles in category AM. However, for driving licences issued on its territory, a Member State may limit the equivalences for category AM to categories A1, A2 and A, if that Member State imposes a practical test as a condition for obtaining category AM; |
| --- | --- |

(d)

licences granted for any category shall be valid for vehicles in category AM. However, for driving licences issued on its territory, a Member State may limit the equivalences for category AM to categories A1, A2 and A, if that Member State imposes a practical test as a condition for obtaining category AM;

| (e) | licences issued for category A2 shall also be valid for category A1; |
| --- | --- |

(e)

licences issued for category A2 shall also be valid for category A1;

| (f) | licences granted for categories A, B, C or D shall be valid for categories A1, A2, B1, C1, or D1 respectively. |
| --- | --- |

(f)

licences granted for categories A, B, C or D shall be valid for categories A1, A2, B1, C1, or D1 respectively.

3.   For driving on their territory, Member States may grant the following equivalences:

| (a) | motor tricycles under a licence for category B, for motor tricycles with a power exceeding 15 kW provided that the holder of the licence for category B is at least 21 years old; |
| --- | --- |

(a)

motor tricycles under a licence for category B, for motor tricycles with a power exceeding 15 kW provided that the holder of the licence for category B is at least 21 years old;

| (b) | category A1 motorcycles under a licence for category B. |
| --- | --- |

(b)

category A1 motorcycles under a licence for category B.

As this paragraph is only valid on their territories, Member States shall not indicate on the driving licence that a holder is entitled to drive these vehicles.

4.   Member States may, after consulting the Commission, authorise the driving on their territory of:

| (a) | vehicles of category D1 (with a maximum authorised mass of 3 500 kg, excluding any specialised equipment intended for the carriage of disabled passengers) by holders over 21 years old of a driving licence for category B which was obtained at least two years earlier provided that the vehicles are being used by non-commercial bodies for social purposes and that the driver provides his services on a voluntary basis; |
| --- | --- |

(a)

vehicles of category D1 (with a maximum authorised mass of 3 500 kg, excluding any specialised equipment intended for the carriage of disabled passengers) by holders over 21 years old of a driving licence for category B which was obtained at least two years earlier provided that the vehicles are being used by non-commercial bodies for social purposes and that the driver provides his services on a voluntary basis;

| (b) | vehicles of a maximum authorised mass exceeding 3 500 kg by holders over 21 years old of a driving licence for category B which was obtained at least two years before, provided that the main purpose of the vehicles is to be used only when stationary as an instructional or recreational area, and that they are being used by non-commercial bodies for social purposes and that vehicles have been modified so that they may not be used either for the transport of more than nine persons or for the transport of any goods other than those strictly necessary for their purposes. |
| --- | --- |

(b)

vehicles of a maximum authorised mass exceeding 3 500 kg by holders over 21 years old of a driving licence for category B which was obtained at least two years before, provided that the main purpose of the vehicles is to be used only when stationary as an instructional or recreational area, and that they are being used by non-commercial bodies for social purposes and that vehicles have been modified so that they may not be used either for the transport of more than nine persons or for the transport of any goods other than those strictly necessary for their purposes.

Article 7

Issue, validity and renewal

1.   Driving licences shall be issued only to those applicants:

| (a) | who have passed a test of skills and behaviour and a theoretical test and who meet medical standards, in accordance with the provisions of Annexes II and III; |
| --- | --- |

(a)

who have passed a test of skills and behaviour and a theoretical test and who meet medical standards, in accordance with the provisions of Annexes II and III;

| (b) | who have passed a theory test only as regards category AM; Member States may require applicants to pass a test of skills and behaviour and a medical examination for this category.
  For tricycles and quadricycles within this category, Member States may impose a distinctive test of skills and behaviour. For the differentiation of vehicles in category AM, a national code may be inserted on the driving licence; |
| --- | --- |

(b)

who have passed a theory test only as regards category AM; Member States may require applicants to pass a test of skills and behaviour and a medical examination for this category.

For tricycles and quadricycles within this category, Member States may impose a distinctive test of skills and behaviour. For the differentiation of vehicles in category AM, a national code may be inserted on the driving licence;

| (c) | who have, as regards category A2 or category A, on the condition of having acquired a minimum of 2 years' experience on a motorcycle in category A1 or in category A2 respectively, passed a test of skills and behaviour only, or completed a training pursuant to Annex VI; |
| --- | --- |

(c)

who have, as regards category A2 or category A, on the condition of having acquired a minimum of 2 years' experience on a motorcycle in category A1 or in category A2 respectively, passed a test of skills and behaviour only, or completed a training pursuant to Annex VI;

| (d) | who have completed a training or passed a test of skills and behaviour, or completed a training and passed a test of skills and behaviour pursuant to Annex V as regards category B for driving a vehicle combination as defined in the second subparagraph of Article 4(4)(b); |
| --- | --- |

(d)

who have completed a training or passed a test of skills and behaviour, or completed a training and passed a test of skills and behaviour pursuant to Annex V as regards category B for driving a vehicle combination as defined in the second subparagraph of Article 4(4)(b);

| (e) | who have their normal residence in the territory of the Member State issuing the licence, or can produce evidence that they have been studying there for at least six months. |
| --- | --- |

(e)

who have their normal residence in the territory of the Member State issuing the licence, or can produce evidence that they have been studying there for at least six months.

| 2. | (a) | As from ... (8), licences issued by Member States for categories AM, A1, A2, A, B, B1 and BE shall have an administrative validity of 10 years.
  A Member State may choose to issue such licences with an administrative validity of up to 15 years; |
| --- | --- | --- |
| (b) | As from ... (8), licences issued by Member States for categories C, CE, C1, C1E, D, DE, D1, D1E shall have an administrative validity of 5 years; |
| (c) | The renewal of a driving licence may trigger a new administrative validity period for another category or categories the licence holder is entitled to drive, insofar as this is in conformity with the conditions laid down in this Directive; |
| (d) | The presence of a microchip pursuant to Article 1 shall not be a prerequisite for the validity of a driving licence. The loss or unreadability of the microchip, or any other damage thereto, shall not affect the validity of the document. |

2.

(a)

As from ... (8), licences issued by Member States for categories AM, A1, A2, A, B, B1 and BE shall have an administrative validity of 10 years.

8

A Member State may choose to issue such licences with an administrative validity of up to 15 years;

(b)

As from ... (8), licences issued by Member States for categories C, CE, C1, C1E, D, DE, D1, D1E shall have an administrative validity of 5 years;

8

(c)

The renewal of a driving licence may trigger a new administrative validity period for another category or categories the licence holder is entitled to drive, insofar as this is in conformity with the conditions laid down in this Directive;

(d)

The presence of a microchip pursuant to Article 1 shall not be a prerequisite for the validity of a driving licence. The loss or unreadability of the microchip, or any other damage thereto, shall not affect the validity of the document.

3.   The renewal of driving licences when their administrative validity expires shall be subject to:

| (a) | continuing compliance with the minimum standards of physical and mental fitness for driving set out in Annex III for driving licences in categories C, CE, C1, C1E, D, DE, D1, D1E; and |
| --- | --- |

(a)

continuing compliance with the minimum standards of physical and mental fitness for driving set out in Annex III for driving licences in categories C, CE, C1, C1E, D, DE, D1, D1E; and

| (b) | normal residence in the territory of the Member State issuing the licence, or evidence that applicants have been studying there for at least six months. |
| --- | --- |

(b)

normal residence in the territory of the Member State issuing the licence, or evidence that applicants have been studying there for at least six months.

Member States may, when renewing driving licences in categories AM, A, A1, A2, B, B1 and BE, require an examination applying the minimum standards of physical and mental fitness for driving set out in Annex III.

Member States may limit the period of administrative validity set out in paragraph 2 of driving licences issued to novice drivers for any category in order to apply specific measures to such drivers, aiming at improving road safety.

Member States may limit the period of administrative validity of the first licence issued to novice drivers for categories C and D to 3 years in order to be able to apply specific measures to such drivers, so as to improve their road safety.

Member States may limit the period of administrative validity set out in paragraph 2 of individual driving licences for any category in case it is found necessary to apply an increased frequency of medical checks or other specific measures such as restrictions for traffic offenders.

Member States may reduce the period of administrative validity set out in paragraph 2 of driving licences of holders residing on their territory having reached the age of 50 years in order to apply an increased frequency of medical checks or other specific measures such as refresher courses. This reduced period of administrative validity can only be applied upon renewing the driving licence.

4.   Without prejudice to national criminal and police laws, Member States may, after consulting the Commission, apply to the issuing of driving licences the provisions of their national rules relating to conditions other than those referred to in this Directive.

| 5. | (a) | No person may hold more than one driving licence; |
| --- | --- | --- |
| (b) | A Member State shall refuse to issue a licence where it establishes that the applicant already holds a driving licence; |
| (c) | Member States shall take the necessary measures pursuant to point (b). The necessary measures as regards the issue, replacement, renewal or exchange of a driving licence shall be to verify with other Member States where there are reasonable grounds to suspect that the applicant is already the holder of another driving licence; |
| (d) | In order to facilitate the checks pursuant to point (b), Member States shall use the EU driving licence network once it is operational. |

5.

(a)

No person may hold more than one driving licence;

(b)

A Member State shall refuse to issue a licence where it establishes that the applicant already holds a driving licence;

(c)

Member States shall take the necessary measures pursuant to point (b). The necessary measures as regards the issue, replacement, renewal or exchange of a driving licence shall be to verify with other Member States where there are reasonable grounds to suspect that the applicant is already the holder of another driving licence;

(d)

In order to facilitate the checks pursuant to point (b), Member States shall use the EU driving licence network once it is operational.

Without prejudice to Article 2, a Member State issuing a licence shall apply due diligence to ensure that a person fulfils the requirements set out in paragraph 1 of this Article and shall apply its national provisions on the cancellation or withdrawal of the right to drive if it is established that a licence has been issued without the requirements having been met.

Article 8

Adaptation to scientific and technical progress

The amendments necessary to adapt Annexes I to VI to scientific and technical progress shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 9(2).

Article 9

Committee

1.   The Commission shall be assisted by the committee on driving licences, hereinafter referred to as ‘the Committee’.

2.   Where reference is made to this paragraph, Articles 5 and 7 of Decision 1999/468/EC shall apply, having regard to the provisions of Article 8 thereof.

The period laid down in Article 5(6) of Decision 1999/468/EC shall be 3 months.

3.   The Committee shall adopt its Rules of Procedure.

Article 10

Examiners

From the entry into force of this Directive, driving examiners shall meet the minimum standards set out in Annex IV.

Driving examiners already working in that capacity before ... (8) shall be subject only to the requirements concerning quality assurance and regular periodic training measures.

8

Article 11

Various provisions concerning the exchange, the withdrawal, the replacement and the recognition of driving licences

1.   Where the holder of a valid national driving licence issued by a Member State has taken up normal residence in another Member State, he may request that his driving licence be exchanged for an equivalent licence. It shall be for the Member State effecting the exchange to check for which category the licence submitted is in fact still valid.

2.   Subject to observance of the principle of territoriality of criminal and police laws, the Member State of normal residence may apply its national provisions on the restriction, suspension, withdrawal or cancellation of the right to drive to the holder of a driving licence issued by another Member State and, if necessary, exchange the licence for that purpose.

3.   The Member State effecting the exchange shall return the old licence to the authorities of the Member State which issued it and give the reasons for doing so.

4.   A Member State shall refuse to issue a driving licence to an applicant whose driving licence is restricted, suspended or withdrawn in another Member State.

A Member State shall refuse to recognise the validity of any driving licence issued by another Member State to a person whose driving licence is restricted, suspended or withdrawn in the former State's territory.

A Member State may also refuse to issue a driving licence to an applicant whose licence is cancelled in another Member State.

5.   A replacement for a driving licence which has, for example, been lost or stolen may only be obtained from the competent authorities of the Member State in which the holder has his normal residence; those authorities shall provide the replacement on the basis of the information in their possession or, where appropriate, proof from the competent authorities of the Member State which issued the original licence.

6.   Where a Member State exchanges a driving licence issued by a third country for a Community model driving licence, such exchange shall be recorded on the Community model driving licence as shall any subsequent renewal or replacement.

Such an exchange may occur only if the licence issued by the third country has been surrendered to the competent authorities of the Member State making the exchange. If the holder of this licence transfers his normal residence to another Member State, the latter need not apply the principle of mutual recognition set out in Article 2.

Article 12

Normal residence

For the purpose of this Directive, ‘normal residence’ means the place where a person usually lives, that is for at least 185 days in each calendar year, because of personal and occupational ties, or, in the case of a person with no occupational ties, because of personal ties which show close links between that person and the place where he is living.

However, the normal residence of a person whose occupational ties are in a different place from his personal ties and who consequently lives in turn in different places situated in two or more Member States shall be regarded as being the place of his personal ties, provided that such person returns there regularly. This last condition need not be met where the person is living in a Member State in order to carry out a task of a definite duration. Attendance at a university or school shall not imply transfer of normal residence.

Article 13

Equivalences between non-Community model licences

1.   With the agreement of the Commission, Member States shall establish equivalences between entitlements obtained before the implementation of this Directive and the categories defined in Article 4.

After consulting the Commission, Member States may make to their national legislation such adjustments as are necessary for the purpose of implementing the provisions of Article 11(4), (5) and (6).

2.   Any entitlement to drive granted before ... (8) shall not be removed or in any way qualified by the provisions of this Directive.

8

Article 14

Review

The Commission shall report on the implementation of this Directive, including its impact on road safety, not earlier than ... (9).

9

Article 15

Mutual Assistance

Member States shall assist one another in the implementation of this Directive and shall exchange information on the licences they have issued, exchanged, replaced, renewed or revoked. They shall use the EU driving licence network set up for these purposes, once this network is operational.

Article 16

Transposition

1.   Member States shall adopt and publish, not later than ... (10), the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with Article 1(1), Article 3, Article 4(1), (2), (3) and (4)(b) to (k), Article 6(1), (2)(a), (c), (d) and (e), Article 7(1)(b), (c) and (d), (2), (3) and (5), Article 8, Article 10, Article 13, Article 14, Article 15, and Annexes I, point 2, II, point 5.2 concerning categories A1, A2 and A, IV, V and VI. They shall forthwith communicate to the Commission the text of those provisions.

10

2.   They shall apply those provisions as from ... (8).

8

3.   When Member States adopt those provisions, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or shall be accompanied by such reference on the occasion of their official publication. They shall also contain an indication that references made, in the laws, regulations or administrative provisions in force, to the repealed Directive shall be construed as being made to this Directive. The methods of making such reference, and its wording, shall be laid down by Member States.

4.   Member States shall communicate to the Commission the text of the main provisions of national law which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive.

Article 17

Repeal

Directive 91/439/EEC shall be repealed with effect from ... (8), without prejudice to the obligations of the Member States with regard to the deadlines indicated in Annex VII, Part B for transposing that Directive into national law.

8

Article 2(4) of Directive 91/439/EEC shall be repealed on ... (11).

11

References made to the repealed Directive shall be construed as being made to this Directive and should be read in accordance with the correlation table in Annex VIII.

Article 18

Entry into force

This Directive shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.

Official Journal of the European Union

Article 2(1), Article 5, Article 6(2)(b), Article 7(1)(a), Article 9, Article 11(1), (3), (4), (5) and (6), Article 12, and Annexes I, II and III shall apply from ... (12).

12

Article 19

Addressees

This Directive is addressed to the Member States.

Done at ..., on ...

For the European Parliament

The President

...

For the Council

The President

...

---

(1)  OJ C 112, 30.4.2004, p. 34.

1

(2)  Opinion of the European Parliament of 23 February 2005 (OJ C 304 E, 1.12.2005, p. 202), Council Common Position of 18 September 2006 and Position of the European Parliament of ... (not yet published in the Official Journal) .

2

(3)  OJ L 237, 24.8.1991, p. 1. Directive as last amended by Regulation (EC) No 1882/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 284, 31.10.2003, p. 1).

3

(4)  OJ L 184, 17.7.1999, p. 23. Decision as amended by Decision 2006/512/EC (OJ L 200, 22.7.2006, p. 11).

4

(5)  26 years after the date of entry into force of this Directive.

5

(6)  OJ L 124, 9.5.2002, p. 1. Directive as last amended by Commission Directive 2005/30/EC (OJ L 106, 27.4.2005, p. 17).

6

(7)  OJ L 226, 10.9.2003, p. 4. Directive as amended by Council Directive 2004/66/EC (OJ L 168, 1.5.2004, p. 35).

7

(8)  Six years after the date of entry into force of this Directive.

8

(9)  Eleven years after the date of entry into force of this Directive.

9

(10)  Four years after the date of entry into force of this Directive.

10

(11)  Date of entry into force of this Directive.

11

(12)  Two years after the date of entry into force of this Directive.

12

---

ANNEX I

PROVISIONS CONCERNING THE COMMUNITY MODEL DRIVING LICENCE

| 1. | The physical characteristics of the card of the Community model driving licence shall be in accordance with ISO 7810 and ISO 7816-1.
  The card shall be made of polycarbonate.
  Methods for testing the characteristics of driving licences for the purpose of confirming their compliance with the international standards shall be in accordance with ISO 10373. |
| --- | --- |

1.

The physical characteristics of the card of the Community model driving licence shall be in accordance with ISO 7810 and ISO 7816-1.

The card shall be made of polycarbonate.

Methods for testing the characteristics of driving licences for the purpose of confirming their compliance with the international standards shall be in accordance with ISO 10373.

| 2. | Physical security of driving licences
  The threats to the physical security of driving licences are:






  — | production of false cards: creating a new object which bears great resemblance to the document, either by making it from scratch or by copying an original document, |
| --- | --- | --- |

2.

Physical security of driving licences

The threats to the physical security of driving licences are:

—

production of false cards: creating a new object which bears great resemblance to the document, either by making it from scratch or by copying an original document,

| — | material alteration: changing a property of an original document, e.g. modifying some of the data printed on the document; |
| --- | --- |

—

material alteration: changing a property of an original document, e.g. modifying some of the data printed on the document;

The overall security lies in the system in its entirety, consisting of the application process, the transmission of data, the card body material, the printing technique, a minimum set of different security features and the personalisation process.

| (a) | The material used for driving licences shall be made secure against forgery by using the following techniques (mandatory security features):






  — | card bodies shall be UV dull, |
| --- | --- | --- |

(a)

The material used for driving licences shall be made secure against forgery by using the following techniques (mandatory security features):

—

card bodies shall be UV dull,

| — | a security background pattern designed to be resistant to counterfeit by scanning, printing or copying, using rainbow printing with multicolour security inks and positive and negative guilloche printing. The pattern shall not be composed of the primary colours (CMYK), shall contain complex pattern designs in a minimum of two special colours and shall include micro lettering, |
| --- | --- |

—

a security background pattern designed to be resistant to counterfeit by scanning, printing or copying, using rainbow printing with multicolour security inks and positive and negative guilloche printing. The pattern shall not be composed of the primary colours (CMYK), shall contain complex pattern designs in a minimum of two special colours and shall include micro lettering,

| — | optical variable elements providing adequate protection against copying and tampering of the photograph, |
| --- | --- |

—

optical variable elements providing adequate protection against copying and tampering of the photograph,

| — | laser engraving, |
| --- | --- |

—

laser engraving,

| — | in the area of the photograph the security design background and photograph should overlap on at least its border (weakening pattern). |
| --- | --- |

—

in the area of the photograph the security design background and photograph should overlap on at least its border (weakening pattern).

| (b) | In addition, the material used for driving licences shall be made secure against forgery by using at least three of the following techniques (additional security features):






  — | colour-shifting inks*, |
| --- | --- | --- |

(b)

In addition, the material used for driving licences shall be made secure against forgery by using at least three of the following techniques (additional security features):

—

colour-shifting inks*,

| — | termochromic ink*, |
| --- | --- |

—

termochromic ink*,

| — | custom holograms*, |
| --- | --- |

—

custom holograms*,

| — | variable laser images*, |
| --- | --- |

—

variable laser images*,

| — | ultraviolet fluorescent ink, visible and transparent, |
| --- | --- |

—

ultraviolet fluorescent ink, visible and transparent,

| — | iridescent printing, |
| --- | --- |

—

iridescent printing,

| — | digital watermark in the background, |
| --- | --- |

—

digital watermark in the background,

| — | infrared or phosphorescent pigments, |
| --- | --- |

—

infrared or phosphorescent pigments,

| — | tactile characters, symbols or patterns*. |
| --- | --- |

—

tactile characters, symbols or patterns*.

| (c) | Member States are free to introduce additional security features. As a basis, the techniques indicated with an asterisk are to be preferred as they enable the law enforcement officers to check the validity of the card without any special means. |
| --- | --- |

(c)

Member States are free to introduce additional security features. As a basis, the techniques indicated with an asterisk are to be preferred as they enable the law enforcement officers to check the validity of the card without any special means.

| 3. | The licence shall have two sides.
  Page 1 shall contain:






  (a) | the words ‘Driving Licence’ printed in large type in the language or languages of the Member State issuing the licence; |
| --- | --- | --- |

3.

The licence shall have two sides.

Page 1 shall contain:

(a)

the words ‘Driving Licence’ printed in large type in the language or languages of the Member State issuing the licence;

| (b) | the name of the Member State issuing the licence (optional); |
| --- | --- |

(b)

the name of the Member State issuing the licence (optional);

| (c) | the distinguishing sign of the Member State issuing the licence, printed in negative in a blue rectangle and encircled by twelve yellow stars; the distinguishing signs shall be as follows:







  B | : | Belgium |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| CZ | : | Czech Republic |
| DK | : | Denmark |
| D | : | Germany |
| EST | : | Estonia |
| GR | : | Greece |
| E | : | Spain |
| F | : | France |
| IRL | : | Ireland |
| I | : | Italy |
| CY | : | Cyprus |
| LV | : | Latvia |
| LT | : | Lithuania |
| L | : | Luxembourg |
| H | : | Hungary |
| M | : | Malta |
| NL | : | The Netherlands |
| A | : | Austria |
| PL | : | Poland |
| P | : | Portugal |
| SLO | : | Slovenia |
| SK | : | Slovakia |
| FIN | : | Finland |
| S | : | Sweden |
| UK | : | The United Kingdom; |

(c)

the distinguishing sign of the Member State issuing the licence, printed in negative in a blue rectangle and encircled by twelve yellow stars; the distinguishing signs shall be as follows:

B

:

Belgium

CZ

:

Czech Republic

DK

:

Denmark

D

:

Germany

EST

:

Estonia

GR

:

Greece

E

:

Spain

F

:

France

IRL

:

Ireland

I

:

Italy

CY

:

Cyprus

LV

:

Latvia

LT

:

Lithuania

L

:

Luxembourg

H

:

Hungary

M

:

Malta

NL

:

The Netherlands

A

:

Austria

PL

:

Poland

P

:

Portugal

SLO

:

Slovenia

SK

:

Slovakia

FIN

:

Finland

S

:

Sweden

UK

:

The United Kingdom;

| (d) | information specific to the licence issued, numbered as follows:






  1. | surname of the holder; |
| --- | --- | --- |

(d)

information specific to the licence issued, numbered as follows:

1.

surname of the holder;

| 2. | other name(s) of the holder; |
| --- | --- |

2.

other name(s) of the holder;

| 3. | date and place of birth; |
| --- | --- |

3.

date and place of birth;

| 4. | (a) | date of issue of the licence; |
| --- | --- | --- |

4.

(a)

date of issue of the licence;

| (b) | date of expiry of the licence or a dash if the licence is valid indefinitely under the provision of Article 7(2)(c); |
| --- | --- |

(b)

date of expiry of the licence or a dash if the licence is valid indefinitely under the provision of Article 7(2)(c);

| (c) | the name of the issuing authority (may be printed on page 2); |
| --- | --- |

(c)

the name of the issuing authority (may be printed on page 2);

| (d) | a different number from the one under heading 5, for administrative purposes (optional); |
| --- | --- |

(d)

a different number from the one under heading 5, for administrative purposes (optional);

| 5. | number of the licence; |
| --- | --- |

5.

number of the licence;

| 6. | photograph of the holder; |
| --- | --- |

6.

photograph of the holder;

| 7. | signature of the holder; |
| --- | --- |

7.

signature of the holder;

| 8. | permanent place of residence, or postal address (optional); |
| --- | --- |

8.

permanent place of residence, or postal address (optional);

| 9. | category of vehicle(s) the holder is entitled to drive (national categories shall be printed in a different type from harmonised categories); |
| --- | --- |

9.

category of vehicle(s) the holder is entitled to drive (national categories shall be printed in a different type from harmonised categories);

| (e) | the words ‘European Communities model’ in the language(s) of the Member State issuing the licence and the words ‘Driving Licence’ in the other languages of the Community, printed in pink to form the background of the licence: | Permiso de Conducción |
| --- | --- | --- |

(e)

the words ‘European Communities model’ in the language(s) of the Member State issuing the licence and the words ‘Driving Licence’ in the other languages of the Community, printed in pink to form the background of the licence:

Permiso de Conducción

| | Řidičský průkaz |
| --- | --- |

Řidičský průkaz

| | Kørekort |
| --- | --- |

Kørekort

| | Führerschein |
| --- | --- |

Führerschein

| | Juhiluba |
| --- | --- |

Juhiluba

| | Άδεια Οδήγησης |
| --- | --- |

Άδεια Οδήγησης

| | Driving Licence |
| --- | --- |

Driving Licence

| | Permis de conduire |
| --- | --- |

Permis de conduire

| | Ceadúas Tiomána |
| --- | --- |

Ceadúas Tiomána

| | Patente di guida |
| --- | --- |

Patente di guida

| | Vadītāja apliecība |
| --- | --- |

Vadītāja apliecība

| | Vairuotojo pažymėjimas |
| --- | --- |

Vairuotojo pažymėjimas

| | Vezetői engedély |
| --- | --- |

Vezetői engedély

| | Liċenzja tas-Sewqan |
| --- | --- |

Liċenzja tas-Sewqan

| | Rijbewijs |
| --- | --- |

Rijbewijs

| | Prawo Jazdy |
| --- | --- |

Prawo Jazdy

| | Carta de Condução |
| --- | --- |

Carta de Condução

| | Vodičský preukaz |
| --- | --- |

Vodičský preukaz

| | Vozniško dovoljenje |
| --- | --- |

Vozniško dovoljenje

| | Ajokortti |
| --- | --- |

Ajokortti

| | Körkort; |
| --- | --- |

Körkort;

| (f) | Colour references:






  — | blue: Pantone Reflex Blue, |
| --- | --- | --- |

(f)

Colour references:

—

blue: Pantone Reflex Blue,

| — | yellow: Pantone Yellow. |
| --- | --- |

—

yellow: Pantone Yellow.

Page 2 shall contain:

| (a) | 9. | category of vehicle(s) the holder is entitled to drive (national categories shall be printed in a different type from harmonised categories); |
| --- | --- | --- |

(a)

9.

category of vehicle(s) the holder is entitled to drive (national categories shall be printed in a different type from harmonised categories);

| 10. | date of first issue of each category (this date must be repeated on the new licence in the event of subsequent replacement or exchange); |
| --- | --- |

10.

date of first issue of each category (this date must be repeated on the new licence in the event of subsequent replacement or exchange);

| 11. | date of expiry of each category; |
| --- | --- |

11.

date of expiry of each category;

| 12. | additional information/restriction(s), in code form, facing the (sub)category affected. |
| --- | --- |

12.

additional information/restriction(s), in code form, facing the (sub)category affected.

The codes shall be as follows:

| — | codes 01 to 99 | : | harmonised Community codes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |

—

codes 01 to 99

:

harmonised Community codes

DRIVER (Medical reasons)

| 01. | Sight correction and/or protection






  01.01 | Glasses |
| --- | --- | --- |

01.

Sight correction and/or protection

01.01

Glasses

| 01.02 | Contact lense(s) |
| --- | --- |

01.02

Contact lense(s)

| 01.03 | Protective glass |
| --- | --- |

01.03

Protective glass

| 01.04 | Opaque lense |
| --- | --- |

01.04

Opaque lense

| 01.05 | Eye cover |
| --- | --- |

01.05

Eye cover

| 01.06 | Glasses or contact lenses |
| --- | --- |

01.06

Glasses or contact lenses

| 02. | Hearing aid/communication aid






  02.01 | Hearing aid for one ear |
| --- | --- | --- |

02.

Hearing aid/communication aid

02.01

Hearing aid for one ear

| 02.02 | Hearing aid for two ears |
| --- | --- |

02.02

Hearing aid for two ears

| 03. | Prosthesis/orthosis for the limbs






  03.01 | Upper limb prosthesis/orthosis |
| --- | --- | --- |

03.

Prosthesis/orthosis for the limbs

03.01

Upper limb prosthesis/orthosis

| 03.02 | Lower limb prosthesis/orthosis |
| --- | --- |

03.02

Lower limb prosthesis/orthosis

| 05. | Limited use (subcode use obligatory, driving subject to restrictions for medical reasons)






  05.01 | Limited to day time journeys (for example: one hour after sunrise and one hour before sunset) |
| --- | --- | --- |

05.

Limited use (subcode use obligatory, driving subject to restrictions for medical reasons)

05.01

Limited to day time journeys (for example: one hour after sunrise and one hour before sunset)

| 05.02 | Limited to journeys within a radius of ... km from holder's place of residence or only inside city/region |
| --- | --- |

05.02

Limited to journeys within a radius of ... km from holder's place of residence or only inside city/region

| 05.03 | Driving without passengers |
| --- | --- |

05.03

Driving without passengers

| 05.04 | Limited to journeys with a speed not greater than ... km/h |
| --- | --- |

05.04

Limited to journeys with a speed not greater than ... km/h

| 05.05 | Driving authorised solely when accompanied by a holder of a driving licence |
| --- | --- |

05.05

Driving authorised solely when accompanied by a holder of a driving licence

| 05.06 | Without trailer |
| --- | --- |

05.06

Without trailer

| 05.07 | No driving on motorways |
| --- | --- |

05.07

No driving on motorways

| 05.08 | No alcohol |
| --- | --- |

05.08

No alcohol

VEHICLE ADAPTATIONS

| 10. | Modified transmission






  10.01 | Manual transmission |
| --- | --- | --- |

10.

Modified transmission

10.01

Manual transmission

| 10.02 | Automatic transmission |
| --- | --- |

10.02

Automatic transmission

| 10.03 | Electronically operated transmission |
| --- | --- |

10.03

Electronically operated transmission

| 10.04 | Adjusted gear-shift lever |
| --- | --- |

10.04

Adjusted gear-shift lever

| 10.05 | Without secondary gearbox |
| --- | --- |

10.05

Without secondary gearbox

| 15. | Modified clutch






  15.01 | Adjusted gear-shift lever |
| --- | --- | --- |

15.

Modified clutch

15.01

Adjusted gear-shift lever

| 15.02 | Manual clutch |
| --- | --- |

15.02

Manual clutch

| 15.03 | Automatic clutch |
| --- | --- |

15.03

Automatic clutch

| 15.04 | Partitioning in front of/fold away/detached clutch pedal |
| --- | --- |

15.04

Partitioning in front of/fold away/detached clutch pedal

| 20. | Modified braking systems






  20.01 | Adjusted brake pedal |
| --- | --- | --- |

20.

Modified braking systems

20.01

Adjusted brake pedal

| 20.02 | Enlarged brake pedal |
| --- | --- |

20.02

Enlarged brake pedal

| 20.03 | Brake pedal suitable for use by left foot |
| --- | --- |

20.03

Brake pedal suitable for use by left foot

| 20.04 | Brake pedal by sole |
| --- | --- |

20.04

Brake pedal by sole

| 20.05 | Tilted brake pedal |
| --- | --- |

20.05

Tilted brake pedal

| 20.06 | Manual (adapted) service brake |
| --- | --- |

20.06

Manual (adapted) service brake

| 20.07 | Maximum use of reinforced service brake |
| --- | --- |

20.07

Maximum use of reinforced service brake

| 20.08 | Maximum use of emergency brake integrated in the service brake |
| --- | --- |

20.08

Maximum use of emergency brake integrated in the service brake

| 20.09 | Adjusted parking brake |
| --- | --- |

20.09

Adjusted parking brake

| 20.10 | Electrically operated parking brake |
| --- | --- |

20.10

Electrically operated parking brake

| 20.11 | (Adjusted) foot operated parking brake |
| --- | --- |

20.11

(Adjusted) foot operated parking brake

| 20.12 | Partitioning in front of/fold away/detached brake pedal |
| --- | --- |

20.12

Partitioning in front of/fold away/detached brake pedal

| 20.13 | Brake operated by knee |
| --- | --- |

20.13

Brake operated by knee

| 20.14 | Electrically operated service brake |
| --- | --- |

20.14

Electrically operated service brake

| 25. | Modified accelerator systems






  25.01 | Adjusted accelerator pedal |
| --- | --- | --- |

25.

Modified accelerator systems

25.01

Adjusted accelerator pedal

| 25.02 | Accelerator pedal by sole |
| --- | --- |

25.02

Accelerator pedal by sole

| 25.03 | Tilted accelerator pedal |
| --- | --- |

25.03

Tilted accelerator pedal

| 25.04 | Manual accelerator |
| --- | --- |

25.04

Manual accelerator

| 25.05 | Accelerator at knee |
| --- | --- |

25.05

Accelerator at knee

| 25.06 | Servo accelerator (electronic, pneumatic, etc.) |
| --- | --- |

25.06

Servo accelerator (electronic, pneumatic, etc.)

| 25.07 | Accelerator pedal on the left of brake pedal |
| --- | --- |

25.07

Accelerator pedal on the left of brake pedal

| 25.08 | Accelerator pedal on the left |
| --- | --- |

25.08

Accelerator pedal on the left

| 25.09 | Partitioning in front of/fold away/detached accelerator pedal |
| --- | --- |

25.09

Partitioning in front of/fold away/detached accelerator pedal

| 30. | Modified combined braking and accelerator systems






  30.01 | Parallel pedals |
| --- | --- | --- |

30.

Modified combined braking and accelerator systems

30.01

Parallel pedals

| 30.02 | Pedals at (or almost at) the same level |
| --- | --- |

30.02

Pedals at (or almost at) the same level

| 30.03 | Accelerator and brake with sliding |
| --- | --- |

30.03

Accelerator and brake with sliding

| 30.04 | Accelerator and brake with sliding and orthesis |
| --- | --- |

30.04

Accelerator and brake with sliding and orthesis

| 30.05 | Fold away/detached accelerator and brake pedals |
| --- | --- |

30.05

Fold away/detached accelerator and brake pedals

| 30.06 | Raised floor |
| --- | --- |

30.06

Raised floor

| 30.07 | Partitioning on the side of the brake pedal |
| --- | --- |

30.07

Partitioning on the side of the brake pedal

| 30.08 | Partitioning for prosthesis on the side of the brake pedal |
| --- | --- |

30.08

Partitioning for prosthesis on the side of the brake pedal

| 30.09 | Partitioning in front of the accelerator and brake pedals |
| --- | --- |

30.09

Partitioning in front of the accelerator and brake pedals

| 30.10 | Heel/leg support |
| --- | --- |

30.10

Heel/leg support

| 30.11 | Electrically operated accelerator and brake |
| --- | --- |

30.11

Electrically operated accelerator and brake

| 35. | Modified control layouts
  (Lights switches, windscreen wiper/washer, horn, direction indicators, etc.)






  35.01 | Control devices operable without negative influence on the steering and handling |
| --- | --- | --- |

35.

Modified control layouts

(Lights switches, windscreen wiper/washer, horn, direction indicators, etc.)

35.01

Control devices operable without negative influence on the steering and handling

| 35.02 | Control devices operable without releasing the steering wheel and accessories (knob, fork, etc.) |
| --- | --- |

35.02

Control devices operable without releasing the steering wheel and accessories (knob, fork, etc.)

| 35.03 | Control devices operable without releasing the steering wheel and accessories (knob, fork, etc.) with the left hand |
| --- | --- |

35.03

Control devices operable without releasing the steering wheel and accessories (knob, fork, etc.) with the left hand

| 35.04 | Control devices operable without releasing the steering wheel and accessories (knob, fork, etc.) with the right hand |
| --- | --- |

35.04

Control devices operable without releasing the steering wheel and accessories (knob, fork, etc.) with the right hand

| 35.05 | Control devices operable without releasing the steering wheel and accessories (knob, fork, etc.) and the combined accelerator and braking mechanismss |
| --- | --- |

35.05

Control devices operable without releasing the steering wheel and accessories (knob, fork, etc.) and the combined accelerator and braking mechanismss

| 40. | Modified steering






  40.01 | Standard assisted steering |
| --- | --- | --- |

40.

Modified steering

40.01

Standard assisted steering

| 40.02 | Reinforced assisted steering |
| --- | --- |

40.02

Reinforced assisted steering

| 40.03 | Steering with backup system |
| --- | --- |

40.03

Steering with backup system

| 40.04 | Lengthened steering column |
| --- | --- |

40.04

Lengthened steering column

| 40.05 | Adjusted steering wheel (Larger and/or thicker steering wheel section, reduced diameter steering wheel, etc.) |
| --- | --- |

40.05

Adjusted steering wheel (Larger and/or thicker steering wheel section, reduced diameter steering wheel, etc.)

| 40.06 | Tilted steering wheel |
| --- | --- |

40.06

Tilted steering wheel

| 40.07 | Vertical steering wheel |
| --- | --- |

40.07

Vertical steering wheel

| 40.08 | Horizontal steering wheel |
| --- | --- |

40.08

Horizontal steering wheel

| 40.09 | Foot operated driving |
| --- | --- |

40.09

Foot operated driving

| 40.10 | Alternative adjusted steering (joy-stick, etc.) |
| --- | --- |

40.10

Alternative adjusted steering (joy-stick, etc.)

| 40.11 | Knob on the steering wheel |
| --- | --- |

40.11

Knob on the steering wheel

| 40.12 | Hand orthesis on the steering wheel |
| --- | --- |

40.12

Hand orthesis on the steering wheel

| 40.13 | With orthesis tenodese |
| --- | --- |

40.13

With orthesis tenodese

| 42. | Modified rearview mirror(s)






  42.01 | External (left or) right-side rear-view mirror |
| --- | --- | --- |

42.

Modified rearview mirror(s)

42.01

External (left or) right-side rear-view mirror

| 42.02 | External rear-view mirror set on the wing |
| --- | --- |

42.02

External rear-view mirror set on the wing

| 42.03 | Additional inside rear-view mirror permitting view of traffic |
| --- | --- |

42.03

Additional inside rear-view mirror permitting view of traffic

| 42.04 | Panoramic inside rear-view mirror |
| --- | --- |

42.04

Panoramic inside rear-view mirror

| 42.05 | Blind spot rear-view mirror |
| --- | --- |

42.05

Blind spot rear-view mirror

| 42.06 | Electrically operated outside rear-view mirror(s) |
| --- | --- |

42.06

Electrically operated outside rear-view mirror(s)

| 43. | Modified driver seat






  43.01 | Driver seat at a good viewing height and in normal distance from the steering wheel and the pedal |
| --- | --- | --- |

43.

Modified driver seat

43.01

Driver seat at a good viewing height and in normal distance from the steering wheel and the pedal

| 43.02 | Driver seat adjusted to body shape |
| --- | --- |

43.02

Driver seat adjusted to body shape

| 43.03 | Driver seat with lateral support for good sitting stability |
| --- | --- |

43.03

Driver seat with lateral support for good sitting stability

| 43.04 | Driver seat with armrest |
| --- | --- |

43.04

Driver seat with armrest

| 43.05 | Lengthening of sliding driver's seat |
| --- | --- |

43.05

Lengthening of sliding driver's seat

| 43.06 | Seat-belt adjustment |
| --- | --- |

43.06

Seat-belt adjustment

| 43.07 | Harness-type seat-belt |
| --- | --- |

43.07

Harness-type seat-belt

| 44. | Modifications to motorcycles (subcode use obligatory)






  44.01 | Single operated brake |
| --- | --- | --- |

44.

Modifications to motorcycles (subcode use obligatory)

44.01

Single operated brake

| 44.02 | (Adjusted) hand operated brake (front wheel) |
| --- | --- |

44.02

(Adjusted) hand operated brake (front wheel)

| 44.03 | (Adjusted) foot operated brake (back wheel) |
| --- | --- |

44.03

(Adjusted) foot operated brake (back wheel)

| 44.04 | (Adjusted) accelerator handle |
| --- | --- |

44.04

(Adjusted) accelerator handle

| 44.05 | (Adjusted) manual transmission and manual clutch |
| --- | --- |

44.05

(Adjusted) manual transmission and manual clutch

| 44.06 | (Adjusted) rear-view mirror(s) |
| --- | --- |

44.06

(Adjusted) rear-view mirror(s)

| 44.07 | (Adjusted) commands (direction indicators, braking light, ...) |
| --- | --- |

44.07

(Adjusted) commands (direction indicators, braking light, ...)

| 44.08 | Seat height allowing the driver, in sitting position, to have two feet on the road at the same time |
| --- | --- |

44.08

Seat height allowing the driver, in sitting position, to have two feet on the road at the same time

| 45. | Motorcycle with side-car only |
| --- | --- |

45.

Motorcycle with side-car only

| 50. | Restricted to a specific vehicle/chassis number (vehicle identification number, VIN) |
| --- | --- |

50.

Restricted to a specific vehicle/chassis number (vehicle identification number, VIN)

| 51. | Restricted to a specific vehicle/registration plate (vehicle registration number, VRN) |
| --- | --- |

51.

Restricted to a specific vehicle/registration plate (vehicle registration number, VRN)

ADMINISTRATIVE MATTERS

| 70. | Exchange of licence No ... issued by ... (EU/UN distinguishing sign in the case of a third country; e.g: 70.0123456789.NL) |
| --- | --- |

70.

Exchange of licence No ... issued by ... (EU/UN distinguishing sign in the case of a third country; e.g: 70.0123456789.NL)

| 71. | Duplicate of licence No ... (EU/UN distinguishing sign in the case of a third country; e.g: 71.987654321.HR) |
| --- | --- |

71.

Duplicate of licence No ... (EU/UN distinguishing sign in the case of a third country; e.g: 71.987654321.HR)

| 72. | Restricted to category A vehicles having a maximum cylinder capacity of 125 cc and maximum power of 11 KW (A1) |
| --- | --- |

72.

Restricted to category A vehicles having a maximum cylinder capacity of 125 cc and maximum power of 11 KW (A1)

| 73. | Restricted to category B vehicles of the motor tricycle or quadricycle type (B1) |
| --- | --- |

73.

Restricted to category B vehicles of the motor tricycle or quadricycle type (B1)

| 74. | Restricted to category C vehicles the maximum authorised mass of which does not exceed 7 500 kg (C1) |
| --- | --- |

74.

Restricted to category C vehicles the maximum authorised mass of which does not exceed 7 500 kg (C1)

| 75. | Restricted to category D vehicles with not more than 16 seats, excluding the driver's seat (D1) |
| --- | --- |

75.

Restricted to category D vehicles with not more than 16 seats, excluding the driver's seat (D1)

| 76. | Restricted to category C vehicles the maximum authorised mass of which does not exceed 7 500 kg (C1), attached to a trailer the maximum authorised mass of which exceeds 750 kg, provided that the maximum authorised mass of the vehicle train thus formed does not exceed 12 000 kg, and that the maximum authorised mass of the trailer does not exceed the unladen mass of the drawing vehicle (C1E) |
| --- | --- |

76.

Restricted to category C vehicles the maximum authorised mass of which does not exceed 7 500 kg (C1), attached to a trailer the maximum authorised mass of which exceeds 750 kg, provided that the maximum authorised mass of the vehicle train thus formed does not exceed 12 000 kg, and that the maximum authorised mass of the trailer does not exceed the unladen mass of the drawing vehicle (C1E)

| 77. | Restricted to category D vehicles with not more than 16 passenger seats, excluding the driver's seat (D1), attached to a trailer the maximum authorised mass of which exceeds 750 kg provided that (a) the maximum authorised mass of the vehicle train thus formed does not exceed 12 000 kg and the maximum authorised mass of the trailer does not exceed the unladen mass of the drawing vehicle and (b) the trailer is not used to carry passengers (D1E) |
| --- | --- |

77.

Restricted to category D vehicles with not more than 16 passenger seats, excluding the driver's seat (D1), attached to a trailer the maximum authorised mass of which exceeds 750 kg provided that (a) the maximum authorised mass of the vehicle train thus formed does not exceed 12 000 kg and the maximum authorised mass of the trailer does not exceed the unladen mass of the drawing vehicle and (b) the trailer is not used to carry passengers (D1E)

| 78. | Restricted to vehicles with automatic transmission |
| --- | --- |

78.

Restricted to vehicles with automatic transmission

| 79. | (...) Restricted to vehicles which comply with the specifications indicated in brackets, in the context of the application of Article 10(1) of Directive 91/439/EEC







  90.01 | : | to the left |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 90.02 | : | to the right |
| 90.03 | : | left |
| 90.04 | : | right |
| 90.05 | : | hand |
| 90.06 | : | foot |
| 90.07 | : | usable |

79.

(...) Restricted to vehicles which comply with the specifications indicated in brackets, in the context of the application of Article 10(1) of Directive 91/439/EEC

90.01

:

to the left

90.02

:

to the right

90.03

:

left

90.04

:

right

90.05

:

hand

90.06

:

foot

90.07

:

usable

| 95. | Driver holding CPC meeting the obligation of professional aptitude provided for by Directive 2003/59/EC until ... [e.g.: 95.01.01.2012] |
| --- | --- |

95.

Driver holding CPC meeting the obligation of professional aptitude provided for by Directive 2003/59/EC until ... [e.g.: 95.01.01.2012]

| 96. | Driver having completed training or having passed a test of skills and behaviour in accordance with the provisions of Annex V. |
| --- | --- |

96.

Driver having completed training or having passed a test of skills and behaviour in accordance with the provisions of Annex V.

| — | codes 100 and above: | : | national codes valid only for driving in the territory of the Member State which issued the licence. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |

—

codes 100 and above:

:

national codes valid only for driving in the territory of the Member State which issued the licence.

Where a code applies to all categories for which the licence is issued, it may be printed under headings 9, 10 and 11;

| 13. | in implementation of section 4(a) of this Annex, a space reserved for the possible entry by the host Member State of information essential for administering the licence; |
| --- | --- |

13.

in implementation of section 4(a) of this Annex, a space reserved for the possible entry by the host Member State of information essential for administering the licence;

| 14. | a space reserved for the possible entry by the Member State which issues the licence of information essential for administering the licence or related to road safety (optional). If the information relates to one of the headings defined in this Annex, it should be preceded by the number of the heading in question.
  With the specific written agreement of the holder, information which is not related to the administration of the driving licence or road safety may also be added in this space; such addition shall not alter in any way the use of the model as a driving licence; |
| --- | --- |

14.

a space reserved for the possible entry by the Member State which issues the licence of information essential for administering the licence or related to road safety (optional). If the information relates to one of the headings defined in this Annex, it should be preceded by the number of the heading in question.

With the specific written agreement of the holder, information which is not related to the administration of the driving licence or road safety may also be added in this space; such addition shall not alter in any way the use of the model as a driving licence;

| (b) | an explanation of the numbered items which appear on pages 1 and 2 of the licence (at least items 1, 2, 3, 4 (a), 4 (b), 4 (c), 5, 10, 11 and 12)
  If a Member State wishes to make the entries in a national language other than one of the following languages: Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Hungarian, Italian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Maltese, Polish, Portuguese, Slovak, Slovenian, Spanish or Swedish, it shall draw up a bilingual version of the licence using one of the aforementioned languages, without prejudice to the other provisions of this Annex; |
| --- | --- |

(b)

an explanation of the numbered items which appear on pages 1 and 2 of the licence (at least items 1, 2, 3, 4 (a), 4 (b), 4 (c), 5, 10, 11 and 12)

If a Member State wishes to make the entries in a national language other than one of the following languages: Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Hungarian, Italian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Maltese, Polish, Portuguese, Slovak, Slovenian, Spanish or Swedish, it shall draw up a bilingual version of the licence using one of the aforementioned languages, without prejudice to the other provisions of this Annex;

| (c) | a space shall be reserved on the Community model licence to allow for the possible introduction of a microchip or similar computer device. |
| --- | --- |

(c)

a space shall be reserved on the Community model licence to allow for the possible introduction of a microchip or similar computer device.

4.   Special provisions

| (a) | Where the holder of a driving licence issued by a Member State in accordance with this Annex has his normal place of residence in another Member State, that Member State may enter in the licence such information as is essential for administering it, provided that it also enters this type of information in the licences which it issues and provided that there remains enough space for the purpose. |
| --- | --- |

(a)

Where the holder of a driving licence issued by a Member State in accordance with this Annex has his normal place of residence in another Member State, that Member State may enter in the licence such information as is essential for administering it, provided that it also enters this type of information in the licences which it issues and provided that there remains enough space for the purpose.

| (b) | After consulting the Commission, Member States may add colours or markings, such as bar codes and national symbols, without prejudice to the other provisions of this Annex.
  In the context of mutual recognition of licences, the bar code may not contain information other than what can already be read on the driving licence or which is essential to the process of issuing the licence. |
| --- | --- |

(b)

After consulting the Commission, Member States may add colours or markings, such as bar codes and national symbols, without prejudice to the other provisions of this Annex.

In the context of mutual recognition of licences, the bar code may not contain information other than what can already be read on the driving licence or which is essential to the process of issuing the licence.

COMMUNITY MODEL DRIVING LICENCE

Page 1   DRIVING LICENCE [MEMBER STATE]

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| Page 2 | 1. Name 2. First name 3. Date and place of birth 4a. Date of issue of driving licence 4b. Official date of expiry 4c. Issued by 5. Serial number of licence 8. Place of residence 9. Category (1) 10. Date of issue, by category 11. Date of expiry, by category 12. Restrictions |
| --- | --- |

Page 2

1. Name 2. First name 3. Date and place of birth 4a. Date of issue of driving licence 4b. Official date of expiry 4c. Issued by 5. Serial number of licence 8. Place of residence 9. Category (1) 10. Date of issue, by category 11. Date of expiry, by category 12. Restrictions

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SPECIMEN MODEL LICENCE

BELGIAN LICENCE (for information)

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(1)

Note: a pictogram and a line for category AM will be added.

Note: the term ‘A2’ will be added to the section on motorcycle categories.

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ANNEX II

I.   MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR DRIVING TESTS

Member States shall take the necessary measures to ensure that applicants for driving licences possess the knowledge and skills and exhibit the behaviour required for driving a motor vehicle. The tests introduced to this effect must consist of:

| — | a theory test, and then |
| --- | --- |

—

a theory test, and then

| — | a test of skills and behaviour. |
| --- | --- |

—

a test of skills and behaviour.

The conditions under which these tests shall be conducted are set out below.

A.   THEORY TEST

1.   Form

The form chosen shall be such as to make sure that the applicant has the required knowledge of the subjects listed on points 2, 3 and 4.

Any applicant for a licence in one category who has passed a theory test for a licence in a different category may be exempt from the common provisions of points 2, 3 and 4.

2.   Content of the theory test concerning all vehicle categories

| 2.1. | Questions must be asked on each of the points listed below, the content and form of the questions being left to the discretion of each Member State:






  2.1.1. | Road traffic regulations:






  — | in particular as regards road signs, markings and signals, rights of way and speed limits; |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |

2.1.

Questions must be asked on each of the points listed below, the content and form of the questions being left to the discretion of each Member State:

2.1.1.

Road traffic regulations:

—

in particular as regards road signs, markings and signals, rights of way and speed limits;

| 2.1.2. | The driver:






  — | importance of alertness and of attitude to other road users, |
| --- | --- | --- |

2.1.2.

The driver:

—

importance of alertness and of attitude to other road users,

| — | perception, judgement and decision-taking, especially reaction time, as well as changes in driving behaviour due to the influence of alcohol, drugs and medicinal products, state of mind and fatigue; |
| --- | --- |

—

perception, judgement and decision-taking, especially reaction time, as well as changes in driving behaviour due to the influence of alcohol, drugs and medicinal products, state of mind and fatigue;

| 2.1.3. | The road:






  — | the most important principles concerning the observance of a safe distance between vehicles, braking distances and road holding under various weather and road conditions, |
| --- | --- | --- |

2.1.3.

The road:

—

the most important principles concerning the observance of a safe distance between vehicles, braking distances and road holding under various weather and road conditions,

| — | driving risk factors related to various road conditions, in particular as they change with the weather and the time of day or night, |
| --- | --- |

—

driving risk factors related to various road conditions, in particular as they change with the weather and the time of day or night,

| — | characteristics of various types of road and the related statutory requirements; |
| --- | --- |

—

characteristics of various types of road and the related statutory requirements;

| 2.1.4. | Other road users:






  — | specific risk factors related to the lack of experience of other road users and the most vulnerable categories of users such as children, pedestrians, cyclists and people whose mobility is reduced, |
| --- | --- | --- |

2.1.4.

Other road users:

—

specific risk factors related to the lack of experience of other road users and the most vulnerable categories of users such as children, pedestrians, cyclists and people whose mobility is reduced,

| — | risks involved in the movement and driving of various types of vehicles and of the different fields of view of their drivers; |
| --- | --- |

—

risks involved in the movement and driving of various types of vehicles and of the different fields of view of their drivers;

| 2.1.5. | General rules and regulations and other matters:






  — | rules concerning the administrative documents required for the use of vehicles, |
| --- | --- | --- |

2.1.5.

General rules and regulations and other matters:

—

rules concerning the administrative documents required for the use of vehicles,

| — | general rules specifying how the driver must behave in the event of an accident (setting warning devices and raising the alarm) and the measures which he can take to assist road accident victims where necessary, |
| --- | --- |

—

general rules specifying how the driver must behave in the event of an accident (setting warning devices and raising the alarm) and the measures which he can take to assist road accident victims where necessary,

| — | safety factors relating to the vehicle, the load and persons carried; |
| --- | --- |

—

safety factors relating to the vehicle, the load and persons carried;

| 2.1.6. | Precautions necessary when alighting from the vehicle; |
| --- | --- |

2.1.6.

Precautions necessary when alighting from the vehicle;

| 2.1.7. | Mechanical aspects with a bearing on road safety; applicants must be able to detect the most common faults, in particular in the steering, suspension and braking systems, tyres, lights and direction indicators, reflectors, rear-view mirrors, windscreen and wipers, the exhaust system, seat-belts and the audible warning device; |
| --- | --- |

2.1.7.

Mechanical aspects with a bearing on road safety; applicants must be able to detect the most common faults, in particular in the steering, suspension and braking systems, tyres, lights and direction indicators, reflectors, rear-view mirrors, windscreen and wipers, the exhaust system, seat-belts and the audible warning device;

| 2.1.8. | Vehicle safety equipment and, in particular, the use of seat-belts, head restraints and child safety equipment; |
| --- | --- |

2.1.8.

Vehicle safety equipment and, in particular, the use of seat-belts, head restraints and child safety equipment;

| 2.1.9. | Rules regarding vehicle use in relation to the environment (appropriate use of audible warning devices, moderate fuel consumption, limitation of pollutant emissions, etc.). |
| --- | --- |

2.1.9.

Rules regarding vehicle use in relation to the environment (appropriate use of audible warning devices, moderate fuel consumption, limitation of pollutant emissions, etc.).

3.   Specific provisions concerning categories A1, A2 and A

| 3.1. | Compulsory check of general knowledge on:






  3.1.1. | Use of protective outfit such as gloves, boots, clothes and safety helmet; |
| --- | --- | --- |

3.1.

Compulsory check of general knowledge on:

3.1.1.

Use of protective outfit such as gloves, boots, clothes and safety helmet;

| 3.1.2. | Visibility of motorcycle riders for other road users; |
| --- | --- |

3.1.2.

Visibility of motorcycle riders for other road users;

| 3.1.3. | Risk factors related to various road conditions as laid down above with additional attention to slippery parts such as drain covers, road markings such as lines and arrows, tram rails; |
| --- | --- |

3.1.3.

Risk factors related to various road conditions as laid down above with additional attention to slippery parts such as drain covers, road markings such as lines and arrows, tram rails;

| 3.1.4. | Mechanical aspects with a bearing on road safety as laid down above with additional attention to the emergency stop switch, the oil levels and the chain. |
| --- | --- |

3.1.4.

Mechanical aspects with a bearing on road safety as laid down above with additional attention to the emergency stop switch, the oil levels and the chain.

4.   Specific provisions concerning categories C, CE, C1, C1E, D, DE, D1 and D1E

| 4.1. | Compulsory check of general knowledge on:






  4.1.1. | Rules on driving hours and rest periods as defined by Council Regulation (EEC) No 3820/85 of 20 December 1985 on the harmonisation of certain social legislation relating to road transport (1); use of the recording equipment as defined by Council Regulation (EEC) No 3821/85 of 20 December 1985 on recording equipment in road transport (2), |
| --- | --- | --- |

4.1.

Compulsory check of general knowledge on:

4.1.1.

Rules on driving hours and rest periods as defined by Council Regulation (EEC) No 3820/85 of 20 December 1985 on the harmonisation of certain social legislation relating to road transport (1); use of the recording equipment as defined by Council Regulation (EEC) No 3821/85 of 20 December 1985 on recording equipment in road transport (2),

| 4.1.2. | Rules concerning the type of transport concerned: goods or passengers; |
| --- | --- |

4.1.2.

Rules concerning the type of transport concerned: goods or passengers;

| 4.1.3. | Vehicle and transport documents required for the national and international carriage of goods and passengers; |
| --- | --- |

4.1.3.

Vehicle and transport documents required for the national and international carriage of goods and passengers;

| 4.1.4. | How to behave in the event of an accident; knowledge of measures to be taken after an accident or similar occurrence, including emergency action such as evacuation of passengers and basic knowledge of first aid; |
| --- | --- |

4.1.4.

How to behave in the event of an accident; knowledge of measures to be taken after an accident or similar occurrence, including emergency action such as evacuation of passengers and basic knowledge of first aid;

| 4.1.5. | The precautions to be taken during the removal and replacement of wheels; |
| --- | --- |

4.1.5.

The precautions to be taken during the removal and replacement of wheels;

| 4.1.6. | Rules on vehicle weights and dimensions; rules on speed limiters; |
| --- | --- |

4.1.6.

Rules on vehicle weights and dimensions; rules on speed limiters;

| 4.1.7. | Obstruction of the field of view caused by the characteristics of their vehicles; |
| --- | --- |

4.1.7.

Obstruction of the field of view caused by the characteristics of their vehicles;

| 4.1.8. | Reading a road map, route planning, including the use of electronic navigation systems (optional); |
| --- | --- |

4.1.8.

Reading a road map, route planning, including the use of electronic navigation systems (optional);

| 4.1.9. | Safety factors relating to vehicle loading: controlling the load (stowing and fastening), difficulties with different kinds of load (e.g. liquids, hanging loads, ...), loading and unloading goods and the use of loading equipment (categories C, CE, C1, C1E only); |
| --- | --- |

4.1.9.

Safety factors relating to vehicle loading: controlling the load (stowing and fastening), difficulties with different kinds of load (e.g. liquids, hanging loads, ...), loading and unloading goods and the use of loading equipment (categories C, CE, C1, C1E only);

| 4.1.10. | The driver's responsibility in respect to the carriage of passengers; comfort and safety of passengers; transport of children; necessary checks before driving away; all sorts of buses should be part of the theory test (public service buses and coaches, buses with special dimensions, ...) (categories D, DE, D1, D1E only). |
| --- | --- |

4.1.10.

The driver's responsibility in respect to the carriage of passengers; comfort and safety of passengers; transport of children; necessary checks before driving away; all sorts of buses should be part of the theory test (public service buses and coaches, buses with special dimensions, ...) (categories D, DE, D1, D1E only).

| 4.2. | Compulsory check of general knowledge on the following additional provisions concerning categories C, CE, D and DE:






  4.2.1. | The principles of the construction and functioning of: internal combustion engines, fluids (e.g. engine oil, coolant, washer fluid), the fuel system, the electrical system, the ignition system, the transmission system (clutch, gearbox, etc.); |
| --- | --- | --- |

4.2.

Compulsory check of general knowledge on the following additional provisions concerning categories C, CE, D and DE:

4.2.1.

The principles of the construction and functioning of: internal combustion engines, fluids (e.g. engine oil, coolant, washer fluid), the fuel system, the electrical system, the ignition system, the transmission system (clutch, gearbox, etc.);

| 4.2.2. | Lubrication and antifreeze protection; |
| --- | --- |

4.2.2.

Lubrication and antifreeze protection;

| 4.2.3. | The principles of the construction, the fitting, correct use and care of tyres; |
| --- | --- |

4.2.3.

The principles of the construction, the fitting, correct use and care of tyres;

| 4.2.4. | The principles of the types, operation, main parts, connection, use and day-to-day maintenance of brake fittings and speed governors, and use of anti-lock brakes; |
| --- | --- |

4.2.4.

The principles of the types, operation, main parts, connection, use and day-to-day maintenance of brake fittings and speed governors, and use of anti-lock brakes;

| 4.2.5. | The principles of the types, operation, main parts, connection, use and day-to-day maintenance of coupling systems (categories CE, DE only); |
| --- | --- |

4.2.5.

The principles of the types, operation, main parts, connection, use and day-to-day maintenance of coupling systems (categories CE, DE only);

| 4.2.6. | Methods of locating causes of breakdowns; |
| --- | --- |

4.2.6.

Methods of locating causes of breakdowns;

| 4.2.7. | Preventive maintenance of vehicles and necessary running repairs; |
| --- | --- |

4.2.7.

Preventive maintenance of vehicles and necessary running repairs;

| 4.2.8. | The driver's responsibility in respect of the receipt, carriage and delivery of goods in accordance with the agreed conditions (categories C, CE only). |
| --- | --- |

4.2.8.

The driver's responsibility in respect of the receipt, carriage and delivery of goods in accordance with the agreed conditions (categories C, CE only).

B.   TEST OF SKILLS AND BEHAVIOUR

5.   The vehicle and its equipment

| 5.1. | The driving of a vehicle with manual transmission shall be subject to the passing of a skills and behaviour test taken on a vehicle with manual transmission.
  If an applicant takes the test of skills and behaviour on a vehicle with automatic transmission this shall be recorded on any licence issued on the basis of such a test. Licences with this indication shall be used only for driving vehicles with automatic transmission.
  ‘Vehicle with automatic transmission’ means a vehicle in which the gear ratio between the engine and the wheels can be varied by use only of the accelerator or the brakes |
| --- | --- |

5.1.

The driving of a vehicle with manual transmission shall be subject to the passing of a skills and behaviour test taken on a vehicle with manual transmission.

If an applicant takes the test of skills and behaviour on a vehicle with automatic transmission this shall be recorded on any licence issued on the basis of such a test. Licences with this indication shall be used only for driving vehicles with automatic transmission.

‘Vehicle with automatic transmission’ means a vehicle in which the gear ratio between the engine and the wheels can be varied by use only of the accelerator or the brakes

| 5.2. | The vehicles used in tests of skills and behaviour shall comply with the minimum criteria given below. Member States may make provisions for more stringent criteria or add others.
  Category A1:
  Category A1 motorcycle without sidecar, with a cubic capacity of at least 120 cm3, and capable of a speed of at least 90 km/h
  Category A2:
  Motorcycle without sidecar, with a cylinder capacity of at least 400 cm3, and an engine power of at least 25 kW
  Category A
  Motorcycle without sidecar, with a cylinder capacity of at least 600 cm3, and an engine power of at least 40 kW
  Category B:
  A four-wheeled category B vehicle capable of a speed of at least 100 km/h;
  Category BE:
  A combination, made up of a category B test vehicle and a trailer with a maximum authorised mass of at least 1 000 kg, capable of a speed of at least 100 km/h, which does not fall within category B; the cargo compartment of the trailer shall consist of a closed box body which is at least as wide and as high as the motor vehicle; the closed box body may also be slightly less wide than the motor vehicle provided that the view to the rear is only possible by use of the external rear-view mirrors of the motor vehicle; the trailer shall be presented with a minimum of 800 kg real total mass;
  Category B1:
  A motor-powered quadricycle capable of a speed of at least 60 km/h;
  Category C:
  A category C vehicle with a maximum authorised mass of at least 12 000 kg, a length of at least 8 m, a width of at least 2,40 m and capable of a speed of at least 80 km/h; fitted with anti-lock brakes, equipped with a gearbox having at least eight forward ratios and recording equipment as defined by Regulation (EEC) No 3821/85; the cargo compartment shall consist of a closed box body which is at least as wide and as high as the cab; the vehicle shall be presented with a minimum of 10 000 kg real total mass;
  Category CE:
  either an articulated vehicle or a combination of a category C test vehicle and a trailer of at least 7,5 m in length; both the articulated vehicle and the combination shall have a maximum authorised mass of at least 20 000 kg, a length of at least 14 m and a width of at least 2,40 m, shall be capable of a speed of at least 80 km/h, fitted with anti-lock brakes, equipped with a gearbox having at least eight forward ratios and with recording equipment as defined by Regulation (EEC) No 3821/85; the cargo compartment shall consist of a closed box body which is at least as wide and as high as the cab; both the articulated vehicle and the combination shall be presented with a minimum of 15 000 kg real total mass;
  Category C1:
  A subcategory C1 vehicle with a maximum authorised mass of at least 4 000 kg, with a length of at least 5 m and capable of a speed of at least 80 km/h; fitted with anti-lock brakes and equipped with recording equipment as defined by Regulation (EEC) No 3821/85; the cargo compartment shall consist of a closed box body which is at least as wide and as high as the cab;
  Category C1E:
  A combination made up of a subcategory C1 test vehicle and a trailer with a maximum authorised mass of at least 1 250 kg; this combination shall be at least 8 m in length and capable of a speed of at least 80 km/h; the cargo compartment of the trailer shall consist of a closed box body which is at least as wide and as high as the cab; the closed box body may also be slightly less wide than the cab provided that the view to the rear is only possible by use of the external rear-view mirrors of the motor vehicle; the trailer shall be presented with a minimum of 800 kg real total mass;
  Category D:
  A category D vehicle with a length of at least 10 m, a width of at least 2,40 m and capable of a speed of at least 80 km/h; fitted with anti-lock brakes and equipped with recording equipment as defined by Regulation (EEC) No 3821/85;
  Category DE:
  A combination made up of a category D test vehicle and a trailer with a maximum authorised mass of at least 1 250 kg, a width of at least 2,40 m and capable of a speed of at least 80 km/h; the cargo compartment of the trailer shall consist of a closed box body which is at least 2 m wide and 2 m high; the trailer shall be presented with a minimum of 800 kg real total mass;
  Category D1:
  A subcategory D1 vehicle with a maximum authorised mass of at least 4 000 kg, with a length of at least 5 m and capable of a speed of at least 80 km/h; fitted with anti-lock brakes and equipped with recording equipment as defined by Regulation (EEC) No 3821/85;
  Category D1E:
  A combination made up of a subcategory D1 test vehicle and a trailer with a maximum authorised mass of at least 1 250 kg and capable of a speed of at least 80 km/h; the cargo compartment of the trailer shall consist of a closed box body which is at least 2 m wide and 2 m high; the trailer shall be presented with a minimum of 800 kg real total mass;
  Testing vehicles for categories BE, C, CE, C1, C1E, D, DE, D1 and D1E which are not in conformity with the minimum criteria given above but which were in use on or before the moment of entry into force of this Directive, may still be used for a period not exceeding ten years after that date. The requirements related to the load to be carried by these vehicles, may be implemented by Member States up to ten years from the moment of entry into force of Commission Directive 2000/56/EC (3). |
| --- | --- |

5.2.

The vehicles used in tests of skills and behaviour shall comply with the minimum criteria given below. Member States may make provisions for more stringent criteria or add others.

Category A1:

Category A1 motorcycle without sidecar, with a cubic capacity of at least 120 cm3, and capable of a speed of at least 90 km/h

Category A2:

Motorcycle without sidecar, with a cylinder capacity of at least 400 cm3, and an engine power of at least 25 kW

Category A

Motorcycle without sidecar, with a cylinder capacity of at least 600 cm3, and an engine power of at least 40 kW

Category B:

A four-wheeled category B vehicle capable of a speed of at least 100 km/h;

Category BE:

A combination, made up of a category B test vehicle and a trailer with a maximum authorised mass of at least 1 000 kg, capable of a speed of at least 100 km/h, which does not fall within category B; the cargo compartment of the trailer shall consist of a closed box body which is at least as wide and as high as the motor vehicle; the closed box body may also be slightly less wide than the motor vehicle provided that the view to the rear is only possible by use of the external rear-view mirrors of the motor vehicle; the trailer shall be presented with a minimum of 800 kg real total mass;

Category B1:

A motor-powered quadricycle capable of a speed of at least 60 km/h;

Category C:

A category C vehicle with a maximum authorised mass of at least 12 000 kg, a length of at least 8 m, a width of at least 2,40 m and capable of a speed of at least 80 km/h; fitted with anti-lock brakes, equipped with a gearbox having at least eight forward ratios and recording equipment as defined by Regulation (EEC) No 3821/85; the cargo compartment shall consist of a closed box body which is at least as wide and as high as the cab; the vehicle shall be presented with a minimum of 10 000 kg real total mass;

Category CE:

either an articulated vehicle or a combination of a category C test vehicle and a trailer of at least 7,5 m in length; both the articulated vehicle and the combination shall have a maximum authorised mass of at least 20 000 kg, a length of at least 14 m and a width of at least 2,40 m, shall be capable of a speed of at least 80 km/h, fitted with anti-lock brakes, equipped with a gearbox having at least eight forward ratios and with recording equipment as defined by Regulation (EEC) No 3821/85; the cargo compartment shall consist of a closed box body which is at least as wide and as high as the cab; both the articulated vehicle and the combination shall be presented with a minimum of 15 000 kg real total mass;

Category C1:

A subcategory C1 vehicle with a maximum authorised mass of at least 4 000 kg, with a length of at least 5 m and capable of a speed of at least 80 km/h; fitted with anti-lock brakes and equipped with recording equipment as defined by Regulation (EEC) No 3821/85; the cargo compartment shall consist of a closed box body which is at least as wide and as high as the cab;

Category C1E:

A combination made up of a subcategory C1 test vehicle and a trailer with a maximum authorised mass of at least 1 250 kg; this combination shall be at least 8 m in length and capable of a speed of at least 80 km/h; the cargo compartment of the trailer shall consist of a closed box body which is at least as wide and as high as the cab; the closed box body may also be slightly less wide than the cab provided that the view to the rear is only possible by use of the external rear-view mirrors of the motor vehicle; the trailer shall be presented with a minimum of 800 kg real total mass;

Category D:

A category D vehicle with a length of at least 10 m, a width of at least 2,40 m and capable of a speed of at least 80 km/h; fitted with anti-lock brakes and equipped with recording equipment as defined by Regulation (EEC) No 3821/85;

Category DE:

A combination made up of a category D test vehicle and a trailer with a maximum authorised mass of at least 1 250 kg, a width of at least 2,40 m and capable of a speed of at least 80 km/h; the cargo compartment of the trailer shall consist of a closed box body which is at least 2 m wide and 2 m high; the trailer shall be presented with a minimum of 800 kg real total mass;

Category D1:

A subcategory D1 vehicle with a maximum authorised mass of at least 4 000 kg, with a length of at least 5 m and capable of a speed of at least 80 km/h; fitted with anti-lock brakes and equipped with recording equipment as defined by Regulation (EEC) No 3821/85;

Category D1E:

A combination made up of a subcategory D1 test vehicle and a trailer with a maximum authorised mass of at least 1 250 kg and capable of a speed of at least 80 km/h; the cargo compartment of the trailer shall consist of a closed box body which is at least 2 m wide and 2 m high; the trailer shall be presented with a minimum of 800 kg real total mass;

Testing vehicles for categories BE, C, CE, C1, C1E, D, DE, D1 and D1E which are not in conformity with the minimum criteria given above but which were in use on or before the moment of entry into force of this Directive, may still be used for a period not exceeding ten years after that date. The requirements related to the load to be carried by these vehicles, may be implemented by Member States up to ten years from the moment of entry into force of Commission Directive 2000/56/EC (3).

6.   Skills and behaviour to be tested concerning categories A1, A2 and A

6.1.   Preparation and technical check of the vehicle with a bearing on road safety

Applicants must demonstrate that they are capable of preparing to ride safely by satisfying the following requirements:

| 6.1.1. | Adjust the protective outfit, such as gloves, boots, clothes and safety helmet; |
| --- | --- |

6.1.1.

Adjust the protective outfit, such as gloves, boots, clothes and safety helmet;

| 6.1.2. | Perform a random check on the condition of the tyres, brakes, steering, emergency stop switch (if applicable), chain, oil levels, lights, reflectors, direction indicators and audible warning device. |
| --- | --- |

6.1.2.

Perform a random check on the condition of the tyres, brakes, steering, emergency stop switch (if applicable), chain, oil levels, lights, reflectors, direction indicators and audible warning device.

6.2.   Special manoeuvres to be tested with a bearing on road safety

| 6.2.1. | Putting the motorcycle on and off its stand and moving it, without the aid of the engine, by walking alongside the vehicle; |
| --- | --- |

6.2.1.

Putting the motorcycle on and off its stand and moving it, without the aid of the engine, by walking alongside the vehicle;

| 6.2.2. | Parking the motorcycle on its stand; |
| --- | --- |

6.2.2.

Parking the motorcycle on its stand;

| 6.2.3. | At least two manoeuvres to be executed at slow speed, including a slalom; this should allow competence to be assessed in handling of the clutch in combination with the brake, balance, vision direction and position on the motorcycle and the position of the feet on the foot rests; |
| --- | --- |

6.2.3.

At least two manoeuvres to be executed at slow speed, including a slalom; this should allow competence to be assessed in handling of the clutch in combination with the brake, balance, vision direction and position on the motorcycle and the position of the feet on the foot rests;

| 6.2.4. | At least two manoeuvres to be executed at higher speed, of which one manoeuvre in second or third gear, at least 30 km/h and one manoeuvre avoiding an obstacle at a minimum speed of 50 km/h; this should allow competence to be assessed in the position on the motorcycle, vision direction, balance, steering technique and technique of changing gears; |
| --- | --- |

6.2.4.

At least two manoeuvres to be executed at higher speed, of which one manoeuvre in second or third gear, at least 30 km/h and one manoeuvre avoiding an obstacle at a minimum speed of 50 km/h; this should allow competence to be assessed in the position on the motorcycle, vision direction, balance, steering technique and technique of changing gears;

| 6.2.5. | Braking: at least two braking exercises shall be executed, including an emergency brake at a minimum speed of 50 km/h; this should allow competence to be assessed in handling of the front and rear brake, vision direction and the position on the motorcycle.
  The special manoeuvres mentioned under points 6.2.3 to 6.2.5 have to be implemented at the latest five years after entry into force of Directive 2000/56/EC. |
| --- | --- |

6.2.5.

Braking: at least two braking exercises shall be executed, including an emergency brake at a minimum speed of 50 km/h; this should allow competence to be assessed in handling of the front and rear brake, vision direction and the position on the motorcycle.

The special manoeuvres mentioned under points 6.2.3 to 6.2.5 have to be implemented at the latest five years after entry into force of Directive 2000/56/EC.

6.3.   Behaviour in traffic

Applicants must perform all the following actions in normal traffic situations, in complete safety and taking all necessary precautions:

| 6.3.1. | Riding away: after parking, after a stop in traffic; exiting a driveway; |
| --- | --- |

6.3.1.

Riding away: after parking, after a stop in traffic; exiting a driveway;

| 6.3.2. | Riding on straight roads; passing oncoming vehicles, including in confined spaces; |
| --- | --- |

6.3.2.

Riding on straight roads; passing oncoming vehicles, including in confined spaces;

| 6.3.3. | Riding round bends; |
| --- | --- |

6.3.3.

Riding round bends;

| 6.3.4. | Crossroads: approaching and crossing of intersections and junctions; |
| --- | --- |

6.3.4.

Crossroads: approaching and crossing of intersections and junctions;

| 6.3.5. | Changing direction: left and right turns; changing lanes; |
| --- | --- |

6.3.5.

Changing direction: left and right turns; changing lanes;

| 6.3.6. | Approach/exit of motorways or similar (if available): joining from the acceleration lane; leaving on the deceleration lane; |
| --- | --- |

6.3.6.

Approach/exit of motorways or similar (if available): joining from the acceleration lane; leaving on the deceleration lane;

| 6.3.7. | Overtaking/passing: overtaking other traffic (if possible); riding alongside obstacles, e.g. parked cars; being overtaken by other traffic (if appropriate); |
| --- | --- |

6.3.7.

Overtaking/passing: overtaking other traffic (if possible); riding alongside obstacles, e.g. parked cars; being overtaken by other traffic (if appropriate);

| 6.3.8. | Special road features (if available): roundabouts; railway level crossings; tram/bus stops; pedestrian crossings; riding up-/downhill on long slopes; |
| --- | --- |

6.3.8.

Special road features (if available): roundabouts; railway level crossings; tram/bus stops; pedestrian crossings; riding up-/downhill on long slopes;

| 6.3.9. | Taking the necessary precautions when getting off the vehicle. |
| --- | --- |

6.3.9.

Taking the necessary precautions when getting off the vehicle.

7.   Skills and behaviour to be tested concerning categories B, B1 and BE

7.1.   Preparation and technical check of the vehicle with a bearing on road safety

Applicants must demonstrate that they are capable of preparing to drive safely by satisfying the following requirements:

| 7.1.1. | Adjusting the seat as necessary to obtain a correct seated position; |
| --- | --- |

7.1.1.

Adjusting the seat as necessary to obtain a correct seated position;

| 7.1.2. | Adjusting rear-view mirrors, seat belts and head restraints if available; |
| --- | --- |

7.1.2.

Adjusting rear-view mirrors, seat belts and head restraints if available;

| 7.1.3. | Checking that the doors are closed; |
| --- | --- |

7.1.3.

Checking that the doors are closed;

| 7.1.4. | Performing a random check on the condition of the tyres, steering, brakes, fluids (e.g. engine oil, coolant, washer fluid), lights, reflectors, direction indicators and audible warning device; |
| --- | --- |

7.1.4.

Performing a random check on the condition of the tyres, steering, brakes, fluids (e.g. engine oil, coolant, washer fluid), lights, reflectors, direction indicators and audible warning device;

| 7.1.5. | Checking the safety factors relating to vehicle loading: body, sheets, cargo doors, cabin locking, way of loading, securing load (category BE only); |
| --- | --- |

7.1.5.

Checking the safety factors relating to vehicle loading: body, sheets, cargo doors, cabin locking, way of loading, securing load (category BE only);

| 7.1.6. | Checking the coupling mechanism and the brake and electrical connections (category BE only). |
| --- | --- |

7.1.6.

Checking the coupling mechanism and the brake and electrical connections (category BE only).

7.2.   Categories B and B1: special manoeuvres to be tested with a bearing on road safety

A selection of the following manoeuvres shall be tested (at least two manoeuvres for the four points, including one in reverse gear):

| 7.2.1. | Reversing in a straight line or reversing right or left round a corner while keeping within the correct traffic lane; |
| --- | --- |

7.2.1.

Reversing in a straight line or reversing right or left round a corner while keeping within the correct traffic lane;

| 7.2.2. | Turning the vehicle to face the opposite way, using forward and reverse gears; |
| --- | --- |

7.2.2.

Turning the vehicle to face the opposite way, using forward and reverse gears;

| 7.2.3. | Parking the vehicle and leaving a parking space (parallel, oblique or right-angle, forwards or in reverse, on the flat, uphill or downhill); |
| --- | --- |

7.2.3.

Parking the vehicle and leaving a parking space (parallel, oblique or right-angle, forwards or in reverse, on the flat, uphill or downhill);

| 7.2.4. | Braking accurately to a stop; however, performing an emergency stop is optional. |
| --- | --- |

7.2.4.

Braking accurately to a stop; however, performing an emergency stop is optional.

7.3.   Category BE: special manoeuvres to be tested with a bearing on road safety

| 7.3.1. | Coupling and uncoupling, or uncoupling and re-coupling a trailer from its motor vehicle; the manoeuvre must involve the towing vehicle being parked alongside the trailer (i.e. not in one line); |
| --- | --- |

7.3.1.

Coupling and uncoupling, or uncoupling and re-coupling a trailer from its motor vehicle; the manoeuvre must involve the towing vehicle being parked alongside the trailer (i.e. not in one line);

| 7.3.2. | Reversing along a curve, the line of which shall be left to the discretion of the Member States; |
| --- | --- |

7.3.2.

Reversing along a curve, the line of which shall be left to the discretion of the Member States;

| 7.3.3. | Parking safely for loading/unloading. |
| --- | --- |

7.3.3.

Parking safely for loading/unloading.

7.4.   Behaviour in traffic

Applicants must perform all the following actions in normal traffic situations, in complete safety and taking all necessary precautions:

| 7.4.1. | Driving away: after parking, after a stop in traffic; exiting a driveway; |
| --- | --- |

7.4.1.

Driving away: after parking, after a stop in traffic; exiting a driveway;

| 7.4.2. | Driving on straight roads; passing oncoming vehicles, including in confined spaces; |
| --- | --- |

7.4.2.

Driving on straight roads; passing oncoming vehicles, including in confined spaces;

| 7.4.3. | Driving round bends; |
| --- | --- |

7.4.3.

Driving round bends;

| 7.4.4. | Crossroads: approaching and crossing of intersections and junctions; |
| --- | --- |

7.4.4.

Crossroads: approaching and crossing of intersections and junctions;

| 7.4.5. | Changing direction: left and right turns; changing lanes; |
| --- | --- |

7.4.5.

Changing direction: left and right turns; changing lanes;

| 7.4.6. | Approach/exit of motorways or similar (if available): joining from the acceleration lane; leaving on the deceleration lane; |
| --- | --- |

7.4.6.

Approach/exit of motorways or similar (if available): joining from the acceleration lane; leaving on the deceleration lane;

| 7.4.7. | Overtaking/passing: overtaking other traffic (if possible); driving alongside obstacles, e.g. parked cars; being overtaken by other traffic (if appropriate); |
| --- | --- |

7.4.7.

Overtaking/passing: overtaking other traffic (if possible); driving alongside obstacles, e.g. parked cars; being overtaken by other traffic (if appropriate);

| 7.4.8. | Special road features (if available): roundabouts; railway level crossings; tram/bus stops; pedestrian crossings; driving up-/downhill on long slopes; |
| --- | --- |

7.4.8.

Special road features (if available): roundabouts; railway level crossings; tram/bus stops; pedestrian crossings; driving up-/downhill on long slopes;

| 7.4.9. | Taking the necessary precautions when alighting from the vehicle. |
| --- | --- |

7.4.9.

Taking the necessary precautions when alighting from the vehicle.

8.   Skills and behaviour to be tested concerning categories C, CE, C1, C1E, D, DE, D1 and D1E

8.1.   Preparation and technical check of the vehicle with a bearing on road safety

Applicants must demonstrate that they are capable of preparing to drive safely by satisfying the following requirements:

| 8.1.1. | Adjusting the seat as necessary to obtain a correct seated position; |
| --- | --- |

8.1.1.

Adjusting the seat as necessary to obtain a correct seated position;

| 8.1.2. | Adjusting rear-view mirrors, seat belts and head restraints if available; |
| --- | --- |

8.1.2.

Adjusting rear-view mirrors, seat belts and head restraints if available;

| 8.1.3. | Random checks on the condition of the tyres, steering, brakes, lights, reflectors, direction indicators and audible warning device; |
| --- | --- |

8.1.3.

Random checks on the condition of the tyres, steering, brakes, lights, reflectors, direction indicators and audible warning device;

| 8.1.4. | Checking the power-assisted braking and steering systems; checking the condition of the wheels, wheelnuts, mudguards, windscreen, windows and wipers, fluids (e.g. engine oil, coolant, washer fluid); checking and using the instrument panel including the recording equipment as defined in Regulation (EEC) No 3821/85; |
| --- | --- |

8.1.4.

Checking the power-assisted braking and steering systems; checking the condition of the wheels, wheelnuts, mudguards, windscreen, windows and wipers, fluids (e.g. engine oil, coolant, washer fluid); checking and using the instrument panel including the recording equipment as defined in Regulation (EEC) No 3821/85;

| 8.1.5. | Checking the air pressure, air tanks and the suspension; |
| --- | --- |

8.1.5.

Checking the air pressure, air tanks and the suspension;

| 8.1.6. | Checking the safety factors relating to vehicle loading: body, sheets, cargo doors, loading mechanism (if available), cabin locking (if available), way of loading, securing load (categories C, CE, C1, C1E only); |
| --- | --- |

8.1.6.

Checking the safety factors relating to vehicle loading: body, sheets, cargo doors, loading mechanism (if available), cabin locking (if available), way of loading, securing load (categories C, CE, C1, C1E only);

| 8.1.7. | Checking the coupling mechanism and the brake and electrical connections (categories CE, C1E, DE, D1E only); |
| --- | --- |

8.1.7.

Checking the coupling mechanism and the brake and electrical connections (categories CE, C1E, DE, D1E only);

| 8.1.8. | Being capable of taking special vehicle safety measures; controlling the body, service doors, emergency exits, first aid equipment, fire extinguishers and other safety equipment (categories D, DE, D1, D1E only); |
| --- | --- |

8.1.8.

Being capable of taking special vehicle safety measures; controlling the body, service doors, emergency exits, first aid equipment, fire extinguishers and other safety equipment (categories D, DE, D1, D1E only);

| 8.1.9. | Reading a road map, route planning, including the use of electronic navigation systems (optional). |
| --- | --- |

8.1.9.

Reading a road map, route planning, including the use of electronic navigation systems (optional).

8.2.   Special manoeuvres to be tested with a bearing on road safety

| 8.2.1. | Coupling and uncoupling, or uncoupling and re-coupling a trailer from its motor vehicle; the manoeuvre must involve the towing vehicle being parked alongside the trailer (i.e. not in one line) (categories CE, C1E, DE, D1E only); |
| --- | --- |

8.2.1.

Coupling and uncoupling, or uncoupling and re-coupling a trailer from its motor vehicle; the manoeuvre must involve the towing vehicle being parked alongside the trailer (i.e. not in one line) (categories CE, C1E, DE, D1E only);

| 8.2.2. | Reversing along a curve, the line of which shall be left to the discretion of the Member States; |
| --- | --- |

8.2.2.

Reversing along a curve, the line of which shall be left to the discretion of the Member States;

| 8.2.3. | Parking safely for loading/unloading at a loading ramp/platform or similar installation (categories C, CE, C1, C1E only); |
| --- | --- |

8.2.3.

Parking safely for loading/unloading at a loading ramp/platform or similar installation (categories C, CE, C1, C1E only);

| 8.2.4. | Parking to let passengers on or off the bus safely (categories D, DE, D1, D1E only). |
| --- | --- |

8.2.4.

Parking to let passengers on or off the bus safely (categories D, DE, D1, D1E only).

8.3.   Behaviour in traffic

Applicants must perform all the following actions in normal traffic situations, in complete safety and taking all necessary precautions:

| 8.3.1. | Driving away: after parking, after a stop in traffic; exiting a driveway; |
| --- | --- |

8.3.1.

Driving away: after parking, after a stop in traffic; exiting a driveway;

| 8.3.2. | Driving on straight roads; passing oncoming vehicles, including in confined spaces; |
| --- | --- |

8.3.2.

Driving on straight roads; passing oncoming vehicles, including in confined spaces;

| 8.3.3. | Driving round bends; |
| --- | --- |

8.3.3.

Driving round bends;

| 8.3.4. | Crossroads: approaching and crossing of intersections and junctions; |
| --- | --- |

8.3.4.

Crossroads: approaching and crossing of intersections and junctions;

| 8.3.5. | Changing direction: left and right turns; changing lanes; |
| --- | --- |

8.3.5.

Changing direction: left and right turns; changing lanes;

| 8.3.6. | Approach/exit of motorways or similar (if available): joining from the acceleration lane; leaving on the deceleration lane; |
| --- | --- |

8.3.6.

Approach/exit of motorways or similar (if available): joining from the acceleration lane; leaving on the deceleration lane;

| 8.3.7. | Overtaking/passing: overtaking other traffic (if possible); driving alongside obstacles, e.g. parked cars; being overtaken by other traffic (if appropriate); |
| --- | --- |

8.3.7.

Overtaking/passing: overtaking other traffic (if possible); driving alongside obstacles, e.g. parked cars; being overtaken by other traffic (if appropriate);

| 8.3.8. | Special road features (if available): roundabouts; railway level crossings; tram/bus stops; pedestrian crossings; driving up-/downhill on long slopes; |
| --- | --- |

8.3.8.

Special road features (if available): roundabouts; railway level crossings; tram/bus stops; pedestrian crossings; driving up-/downhill on long slopes;

| 8.3.9. | Taking the necessary precautions when alighting from the vehicle. |
| --- | --- |

8.3.9.

Taking the necessary precautions when alighting from the vehicle.

9.   Marking of the test of skills and behaviour

| 9.1. | For each of the abovementioned driving situations, the assessment must reflect the degree of ease with which the applicant handles the vehicle controls and his demonstrated capacity to drive in traffic in complete safety. The examiner must feel safe throughout the test. Driving errors or dangerous conduct immediately endangering the safety of the test vehicle, its passengers or other road users shall be penalised by failing the test, whether or not the examiner or accompanying person has to intervene. Nonetheless, the examiner shall be free to decide whether or not the skills and behaviour test should be completed.
  Driving examiners must be trained to assess correctly the applicants' ability to drive safely. The work of driving examiners must be monitored and supervised, by a body authorised by the Member State, to ensure correct and consistent application of fault assessment in accordance with the standards laid down in this Annex. |
| --- | --- |

9.1.

For each of the abovementioned driving situations, the assessment must reflect the degree of ease with which the applicant handles the vehicle controls and his demonstrated capacity to drive in traffic in complete safety. The examiner must feel safe throughout the test. Driving errors or dangerous conduct immediately endangering the safety of the test vehicle, its passengers or other road users shall be penalised by failing the test, whether or not the examiner or accompanying person has to intervene. Nonetheless, the examiner shall be free to decide whether or not the skills and behaviour test should be completed.

Driving examiners must be trained to assess correctly the applicants' ability to drive safely. The work of driving examiners must be monitored and supervised, by a body authorised by the Member State, to ensure correct and consistent application of fault assessment in accordance with the standards laid down in this Annex.

| 9.2. | During their assessment, driving examiners shall pay special attention to whether an applicant is showing a defensive and social driving behaviour. This should reflect the overall style of driving and the driving examiner should take this into account in the overall picture of the applicant. It includes adapted and determined (safe) driving, taking into account road and weather conditions, taking into account other traffic, taking into account the interests of other road users (particularly the more vulnerable) and anticipation. |
| --- | --- |

9.2.

During their assessment, driving examiners shall pay special attention to whether an applicant is showing a defensive and social driving behaviour. This should reflect the overall style of driving and the driving examiner should take this into account in the overall picture of the applicant. It includes adapted and determined (safe) driving, taking into account road and weather conditions, taking into account other traffic, taking into account the interests of other road users (particularly the more vulnerable) and anticipation.

| 9.3. | The driving examiner will furthermore assess whether the applicant is:






  9.3.1. | Controlling the vehicle; taking into account: proper use of safety belts, rear-view mirrors, head restraints; seat; proper use of lights and other equipment; proper use of clutch, gearbox, accelerator, braking systems (including third braking system, if available), steering; controlling the vehicle under different circumstances, at different speeds; steadiness on the road; the weight and dimensions and characteristics of the vehicle; the weight and type of load (categories BE, C, CE, C1, C1E, DE, D1E only); the comfort of the passengers (categories D, DE, D1, D1E only) (no fast acceleration, smoothly driving and no hard braking); |
| --- | --- | --- |

9.3.

The driving examiner will furthermore assess whether the applicant is:

9.3.1.

Controlling the vehicle; taking into account: proper use of safety belts, rear-view mirrors, head restraints; seat; proper use of lights and other equipment; proper use of clutch, gearbox, accelerator, braking systems (including third braking system, if available), steering; controlling the vehicle under different circumstances, at different speeds; steadiness on the road; the weight and dimensions and characteristics of the vehicle; the weight and type of load (categories BE, C, CE, C1, C1E, DE, D1E only); the comfort of the passengers (categories D, DE, D1, D1E only) (no fast acceleration, smoothly driving and no hard braking);

| 9.3.2. | Driving economically and in an environmentally friendly way, taking into account the revolutions per minute, changing gears, braking and accelerating (categories BE, C, CE, C1, C1E, D, DE, D1, D1E only); |
| --- | --- |

9.3.2.

Driving economically and in an environmentally friendly way, taking into account the revolutions per minute, changing gears, braking and accelerating (categories BE, C, CE, C1, C1E, D, DE, D1, D1E only);

| 9.3.3. | Observation: all-round observation; proper use of mirrors; far, middle, near distance vision; |
| --- | --- |

9.3.3.

Observation: all-round observation; proper use of mirrors; far, middle, near distance vision;

| 9.3.4. | Priority/giving way: priority at crossroads, intersections and junctions; giving way at other occasions (e.g. changing direction, changing lanes, special manoeuvres); |
| --- | --- |

9.3.4.

Priority/giving way: priority at crossroads, intersections and junctions; giving way at other occasions (e.g. changing direction, changing lanes, special manoeuvres);

| 9.3.5. | Correct position on the road: proper position on the road, in lanes, on roundabouts, round bends, suitable for the type and the characteristics of the vehicle; pre-positioning; |
| --- | --- |

9.3.5.

Correct position on the road: proper position on the road, in lanes, on roundabouts, round bends, suitable for the type and the characteristics of the vehicle; pre-positioning;

| 9.3.6. | Keeping distance: keeping adequate distance to the front and the side; keeping adequate distance from other road users; |
| --- | --- |

9.3.6.

Keeping distance: keeping adequate distance to the front and the side; keeping adequate distance from other road users;

| 9.3.7. | Speed: not exceeding the maximum allowed speed; adapting speed to weather/traffic conditions and where appropriate up to national speed limits; driving at such a speed that stopping within distance of the visible and free road is possible; adapting speed to general speed of same kind of road users; |
| --- | --- |

9.3.7.

Speed: not exceeding the maximum allowed speed; adapting speed to weather/traffic conditions and where appropriate up to national speed limits; driving at such a speed that stopping within distance of the visible and free road is possible; adapting speed to general speed of same kind of road users;

| 9.3.8. | Traffic lights, road signs and other indications: acting correctly at traffic lights; obeying instructions from traffic controllers; acting correctly at road signs (prohibitions or commands); take appropriate action at road markings; |
| --- | --- |

9.3.8.

Traffic lights, road signs and other indications: acting correctly at traffic lights; obeying instructions from traffic controllers; acting correctly at road signs (prohibitions or commands); take appropriate action at road markings;

| 9.3.9. | Signalling: give signals where necessary, correctly and properly timed; indicating directions correctly; taking appropriate action with regard to all signals made by other road users; |
| --- | --- |

9.3.9.

Signalling: give signals where necessary, correctly and properly timed; indicating directions correctly; taking appropriate action with regard to all signals made by other road users;

| 9.3.10. | Braking and stopping: decelerating in time, braking or stopping according to circumstances; anticipation; using the various braking systems (only for categories C, CE, D, DE); using speed reduction systems other than the brakes (only for categories C, CE, D, DE). |
| --- | --- |

9.3.10.

Braking and stopping: decelerating in time, braking or stopping according to circumstances; anticipation; using the various braking systems (only for categories C, CE, D, DE); using speed reduction systems other than the brakes (only for categories C, CE, D, DE).

10.   Length of the test

The length of the test and the distance travelled must be sufficient to assess the skills and behaviour laid down in paragraph B of this Annex. In no circumstances should the time spent driving on the road be less than 25 minutes for categories A, A1, A2, B, B1 and BE and 45 minutes for the other categories. This does not include the reception of the applicant, the preparation of the vehicle, the technical check of the vehicle with a bearing on road safety, the special manoeuvres and the announcement of the outcome of the practical test.

11.   Location of the test

The part of the test to assess the special manoeuvres may be conducted on a special testing ground. Wherever practicable, the part of the test to assess behaviour in traffic should be conducted on roads outside built-up areas, expressways and motorways (or similar), as well as on all kinds of urban streets (residential areas, 30 and 50 km/h areas, urban expressways) which should represent the various types of difficulty likely to be encountered by drivers. It is also desirable for the test to take place in various traffic density conditions. The time spent driving on the road should be used in an optimal way to assess the applicant in all the various traffic areas that can be encountered, with a special emphasis on changing between these areas.

II.   KNOWLEDGE, SKILL AND BEHAVIOUR FOR DRIVING A POWER-DRIVEN VEHICLE

Drivers of all power-driven vehicles must at any moment have the knowledge, skills and behaviour described under points 1 to 9, with a view to be able to:

| — | Recognise traffic dangers and assess their seriousness, |
| --- | --- |

—

Recognise traffic dangers and assess their seriousness,

| — | Have sufficient command of their vehicle not to create dangerous situations and to react appropriately should such situations occur, |
| --- | --- |

—

Have sufficient command of their vehicle not to create dangerous situations and to react appropriately should such situations occur,

| — | Comply with road traffic regulations, and in particular those intended to prevent road accidents and to maintain the flow of traffic, |
| --- | --- |

—

Comply with road traffic regulations, and in particular those intended to prevent road accidents and to maintain the flow of traffic,

| — | Detect any major technical faults in their vehicles, in particular those posing a safety hazard, and have them remedied in an appropriate fashion, |
| --- | --- |

—

Detect any major technical faults in their vehicles, in particular those posing a safety hazard, and have them remedied in an appropriate fashion,

| — | Take account of all the factors affecting driving behaviour (e.g. alcohol, fatigue, poor eyesight, etc.) so as to retain full use of the faculties needed to drive safely, |
| --- | --- |

—

Take account of all the factors affecting driving behaviour (e.g. alcohol, fatigue, poor eyesight, etc.) so as to retain full use of the faculties needed to drive safely,

| — | Help ensure the safety of all road users, and in particular of the weakest and most exposed by showing due respect for others. |
| --- | --- |

—

Help ensure the safety of all road users, and in particular of the weakest and most exposed by showing due respect for others.

Member States may implement the appropriate measures to ensure that drivers who have lost the knowledge, skills and behaviour as described under points 1 to 9 can recover this knowledge and these skills and will continue to exhibit such behaviour required for driving a motor vehicle.

---

(1)  OJ L 370, 31.12.1985, p. 1. Regulation as repealed by Regulation (EC) No 561/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 102, 11.4.2006, p. 1).

(2)  OJ L 370, 31.12.1985, p. 8. Regulation as last amended by Regulation (EC) No 561/2006.

(3)  Commission Directive 2000/56/EC of 14 September 2000 amending Council Directive 91/439/EEC on driving licences (OJ L 237, 21.9.2000, p. 45).

---

ANNEX III

MINIMUM STANDARDS OF PHYSICAL AND MENTAL FITNESS FOR DRIVING A POWER-DRIVEN VEHICLE

DEFINITIONS

| 1. | For the purpose of this Annex, drivers are classified in two groups:






  1.1. | Group 1:
  drivers of vehicles of categories A, A1, A2, AM, B, B1 and BE. |
| --- | --- | --- |

1.

For the purpose of this Annex, drivers are classified in two groups:

1.1.

Group 1:

drivers of vehicles of categories A, A1, A2, AM, B, B1 and BE.

| 1.2. | Group 2:
  drivers of vehicles of categories C, CE, C1, C1E, D, DE, D1 and D1E. |
| --- | --- |

1.2.

Group 2:

drivers of vehicles of categories C, CE, C1, C1E, D, DE, D1 and D1E.

| 1.3. | National legislation may provide for the provisions set out in this Annex for Group 2 drivers to apply to drivers of Category B vehicles using their driving licence for professional purposes (taxis, ambulances, etc.). |
| --- | --- |

1.3.

National legislation may provide for the provisions set out in this Annex for Group 2 drivers to apply to drivers of Category B vehicles using their driving licence for professional purposes (taxis, ambulances, etc.).

| 2. | Similarly, applicants for a first driving licence or for the renewal of a driving licence are classified in the group to which they will belong once the licence has been issued or renewed. |
| --- | --- |

2.

Similarly, applicants for a first driving licence or for the renewal of a driving licence are classified in the group to which they will belong once the licence has been issued or renewed.

MEDICAL EXAMINATIONS

| 3. | Group 1:
  Applicants shall be required to undergo a medical examination if it becomes apparent, when the necessary formalities are being completed or during the tests which they have to undergo prior to obtaining a driving licence, that they have one or more of the medical disabilities mentioned in this Annex. |
| --- | --- |

3.

Group 1:

Applicants shall be required to undergo a medical examination if it becomes apparent, when the necessary formalities are being completed or during the tests which they have to undergo prior to obtaining a driving licence, that they have one or more of the medical disabilities mentioned in this Annex.

| 4. | Group 2:
  Applicants shall undergo medical examinations before a driving licence is first issued to them and thereafter drivers shall be checked in accordance with the national system in place in the Member State of normal residence whenever their driving licence is renewed |
| --- | --- |

4.

Group 2:

Applicants shall undergo medical examinations before a driving licence is first issued to them and thereafter drivers shall be checked in accordance with the national system in place in the Member State of normal residence whenever their driving licence is renewed

| 5. | The standards set by Member States for the issue or any subsequent renewal of driving licences may be stricter than those set out in this Annex. |
| --- | --- |

5.

The standards set by Member States for the issue or any subsequent renewal of driving licences may be stricter than those set out in this Annex.

SIGHT

| 6. | All applicants for a driving licence shall undergo an appropriate investigation to ensure that they have adequate visual acuity for driving power-driven vehicles. Where there is reason to doubt that the applicant's vision is adequate, he shall be examined by a competent medical authority. At this examination attention shall be paid the following in particular: visual acuity, field of vision, twilight vision and progressive eye diseases.
  For the purpose of this Annex, intra-ocular lenses shall not be considered corrective lenses. |
| --- | --- |

6.

All applicants for a driving licence shall undergo an appropriate investigation to ensure that they have adequate visual acuity for driving power-driven vehicles. Where there is reason to doubt that the applicant's vision is adequate, he shall be examined by a competent medical authority. At this examination attention shall be paid the following in particular: visual acuity, field of vision, twilight vision and progressive eye diseases.

For the purpose of this Annex, intra-ocular lenses shall not be considered corrective lenses.

Group 1:

| 6.1. | Applicants for a driving licence or for the renewal of such a licence shall have a binocular visual acuity, with corrective lenses if necessary, of at least 0,5 when using both eyes together. Driving licences shall not be issued or renewed if, during the medical examination, it is shown that the horizontal field of vision is less than 120o
  o, apart from exceptional cases duly justified by a favourable medical opinion and a positive practical test, or that the person concerned suffers from any other eye condition that would compromise safe driving. When a progressive eye disease is detected or declared, driving licences may be issued or renewed subject to the applicant undergoing regular examination by a competent medical authority. |
| --- | --- |

6.1.

Applicants for a driving licence or for the renewal of such a licence shall have a binocular visual acuity, with corrective lenses if necessary, of at least 0,5 when using both eyes together. Driving licences shall not be issued or renewed if, during the medical examination, it is shown that the horizontal field of vision is less than 120o
  o, apart from exceptional cases duly justified by a favourable medical opinion and a positive practical test, or that the person concerned suffers from any other eye condition that would compromise safe driving. When a progressive eye disease is detected or declared, driving licences may be issued or renewed subject to the applicant undergoing regular examination by a competent medical authority.

| 6.2. | Applicants for a driving licence, or for the renewal of such a licence, who have total functional loss of vision in one eye or who use only one eye (e.g. in the case of diplopia) must have a visual acuity of at least 0,6, with corrective lenses if necessary. The competent medical authority must certify that this condition of monocular vision has existed sufficiently long to allow adaptation and that the field of vision in this eye is normal. |
| --- | --- |

6.2.

Applicants for a driving licence, or for the renewal of such a licence, who have total functional loss of vision in one eye or who use only one eye (e.g. in the case of diplopia) must have a visual acuity of at least 0,6, with corrective lenses if necessary. The competent medical authority must certify that this condition of monocular vision has existed sufficiently long to allow adaptation and that the field of vision in this eye is normal.

Group 2:

| 6.3. | Applicants for a driving licence or for the renewal of such a licence must have a visual acuity, with corrective lenses if necessary, of at least 0,8 in the better eye and at least 0,5 in the worse eye. If corrective lenses are used to attain the values of 0,8 and 0,5, the uncorrected acuity in each eye must reach 0,05, or else the minimum acuity (0,8 and 0,5) must be achieved either by correction by means of glasses with a power not exceeding plus or minus 8 dioptres or with the aid of contact lenses (uncorrected vision = 0,05). The correction must be well tolerated. Driving licences shall not be issued to or renewed for applications or drivers without a normal binocular field of vision or suffering from diplopia. |
| --- | --- |

6.3.

Applicants for a driving licence or for the renewal of such a licence must have a visual acuity, with corrective lenses if necessary, of at least 0,8 in the better eye and at least 0,5 in the worse eye. If corrective lenses are used to attain the values of 0,8 and 0,5, the uncorrected acuity in each eye must reach 0,05, or else the minimum acuity (0,8 and 0,5) must be achieved either by correction by means of glasses with a power not exceeding plus or minus 8 dioptres or with the aid of contact lenses (uncorrected vision = 0,05). The correction must be well tolerated. Driving licences shall not be issued to or renewed for applications or drivers without a normal binocular field of vision or suffering from diplopia.

HEARING

| 7. | Driving licences may be issued to or renewed for applicants or drivers in Group 2 subject to the opinion of the competent medical authorities; particular account will be taken in medical examinations of the scope for compensation. |
| --- | --- |

7.

Driving licences may be issued to or renewed for applicants or drivers in Group 2 subject to the opinion of the competent medical authorities; particular account will be taken in medical examinations of the scope for compensation.

PERSONS WITH A LOCOMOTOR DISABILITY

| 8. | Driving licences shall not be issued to or renewed for applicants or drivers suffering from complaints or abnormalities of the locomotor system which make it dangerous to drive a power-driven vehicle. |
| --- | --- |

8.

Driving licences shall not be issued to or renewed for applicants or drivers suffering from complaints or abnormalities of the locomotor system which make it dangerous to drive a power-driven vehicle.

Group 1:

| 8.1. | Driving licences subject to certain restrictions, if necessary, may be issued to physically disabled applicants or drivers following the issuing of an opinion by a competent medical authority. This opinion must be based on a medical assessment of the complaint or abnormality in question and, where necessary, on a practical test. It must also indicate what type of modification to the vehicle is required and whether the driver needs to be fitted with an orthopaedic device, insofar as the test of skills and behaviour demonstrates that with such a device driving would not to be dangerous. |
| --- | --- |

8.1.

Driving licences subject to certain restrictions, if necessary, may be issued to physically disabled applicants or drivers following the issuing of an opinion by a competent medical authority. This opinion must be based on a medical assessment of the complaint or abnormality in question and, where necessary, on a practical test. It must also indicate what type of modification to the vehicle is required and whether the driver needs to be fitted with an orthopaedic device, insofar as the test of skills and behaviour demonstrates that with such a device driving would not to be dangerous.

| 8.2. | Driving licences may be issued to or renewed for any applicant suffering from a progressive complaint on condition that the disabled person is regularly examined to check that the person is still capable of driving the vehicle completely safely.
  Where the disability is static, driving licences may be issued or renewed without the applicant being subject to regular medical examination. |
| --- | --- |

8.2.

Driving licences may be issued to or renewed for any applicant suffering from a progressive complaint on condition that the disabled person is regularly examined to check that the person is still capable of driving the vehicle completely safely.

Where the disability is static, driving licences may be issued or renewed without the applicant being subject to regular medical examination.

Group 2:

| 8.3. | The competent medical authority shall give due consideration to the additional risks and dangers involved in the driving of vehicles covered by the definition of this group. |
| --- | --- |

8.3.

The competent medical authority shall give due consideration to the additional risks and dangers involved in the driving of vehicles covered by the definition of this group.

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES

| 9. | Any disease capable of exposing an applicant for a first licence or a driver applying for renewal to a sudden failure of the cardiovascular system such that there is a sudden impairment of the cerebral functions constitutes a danger to road safety. |
| --- | --- |

9.

Any disease capable of exposing an applicant for a first licence or a driver applying for renewal to a sudden failure of the cardiovascular system such that there is a sudden impairment of the cerebral functions constitutes a danger to road safety.

Group 1:

| 9.1. | Driving licences will not to be issued to, or renewed for, applicants or drivers with serious arrhythmia. |
| --- | --- |

9.1.

Driving licences will not to be issued to, or renewed for, applicants or drivers with serious arrhythmia.

| 9.2. | Driving licences may be issued to, or renewed for, applicants or drivers wearing a pacemaker subject to authorised medical opinion and regular medical check-ups. |
| --- | --- |

9.2.

Driving licences may be issued to, or renewed for, applicants or drivers wearing a pacemaker subject to authorised medical opinion and regular medical check-ups.

| 9.3. | The question of whether to issue or renew a licence for applicants or drivers suffering from abnormal arterial blood pressure shall be assessed with reference to the other results of the examination, any associated complications and the danger they might constitute for road safety. |
| --- | --- |

9.3.

The question of whether to issue or renew a licence for applicants or drivers suffering from abnormal arterial blood pressure shall be assessed with reference to the other results of the examination, any associated complications and the danger they might constitute for road safety.

| 9.4. | Generally speaking, a driving licence shall not be issued to or renewed for applicants or drivers suffering from angina during rest or emotion. The issuing or renewal of a driving licence to any applicant or driver having suffered myocardial infarction shall be subject to authorised medical opinion and, if necessary, regular medical check-ups. |
| --- | --- |

9.4.

Generally speaking, a driving licence shall not be issued to or renewed for applicants or drivers suffering from angina during rest or emotion. The issuing or renewal of a driving licence to any applicant or driver having suffered myocardial infarction shall be subject to authorised medical opinion and, if necessary, regular medical check-ups.

Group 2:

| 9.5. | The competent medical authority shall give due consideration to the additional risks and dangers involved in the driving of vehicles covered by the definition of this group. |
| --- | --- |

9.5.

The competent medical authority shall give due consideration to the additional risks and dangers involved in the driving of vehicles covered by the definition of this group.

DIABETES MELLITUS

| 10. | Driving licences may be issued to, or renewed for, applicants or drivers suffering from diabetes mellitus, subject to authorised medical opinion and regular medical check-ups appropriate to each case. |
| --- | --- |

10.

Driving licences may be issued to, or renewed for, applicants or drivers suffering from diabetes mellitus, subject to authorised medical opinion and regular medical check-ups appropriate to each case.

Group 2:

| 10.1. | Only in very exceptional cases may driving licences be issued to, or renewed for, applicants or drivers in this group suffering from diabetes mellitus and requiring insulin treatment, and then only where duly justified by authorised medical opinion and subject to regular medical check-ups. |
| --- | --- |

10.1.

Only in very exceptional cases may driving licences be issued to, or renewed for, applicants or drivers in this group suffering from diabetes mellitus and requiring insulin treatment, and then only where duly justified by authorised medical opinion and subject to regular medical check-ups.

NEUROLOGICAL DISEASES

| 11. | Driving licences shall not be issued to, or renewed for, applicants or drivers suffering from a serious neurological disease, unless the application is supported by authorised medical opinion.
  Neurological disturbances associated with diseases or surgical intervention affecting the central or peripheral nervous system, which lead to sensory or motor deficiencies and affect balance and coordination, must accordingly be taken into account in relation to their functional effects and the risks of progression. In such cases, the issue or renewal of the licence may be subject to periodic assessment in the event of risk of deterioration. |
| --- | --- |

11.

Driving licences shall not be issued to, or renewed for, applicants or drivers suffering from a serious neurological disease, unless the application is supported by authorised medical opinion.

Neurological disturbances associated with diseases or surgical intervention affecting the central or peripheral nervous system, which lead to sensory or motor deficiencies and affect balance and coordination, must accordingly be taken into account in relation to their functional effects and the risks of progression. In such cases, the issue or renewal of the licence may be subject to periodic assessment in the event of risk of deterioration.

| 12. | Epileptic seizures or other sudden disturbances of the state of consciousness constitute a serious danger to road safety if they occur in a person driving a power-driven vehicle. |
| --- | --- |

12.

Epileptic seizures or other sudden disturbances of the state of consciousness constitute a serious danger to road safety if they occur in a person driving a power-driven vehicle.

Group 1:

| 12.1. | A licence may be issued or renewed subject to an examination by a competent medical authority and to regular medical check-ups. The authority shall decide on the state of the epilepsy or other disturbances of consciousness, its clinical form and progress (no seizure in the last two years, for example), the treatment received and the results thereof. |
| --- | --- |

12.1.

A licence may be issued or renewed subject to an examination by a competent medical authority and to regular medical check-ups. The authority shall decide on the state of the epilepsy or other disturbances of consciousness, its clinical form and progress (no seizure in the last two years, for example), the treatment received and the results thereof.

Group 2:

| 12.2. | Driving licences shall not be issued to or renewed for applicants or drivers suffering or liable to suffer from epileptic seizures or other sudden disturbances of the state of consciousness. |
| --- | --- |

12.2.

Driving licences shall not be issued to or renewed for applicants or drivers suffering or liable to suffer from epileptic seizures or other sudden disturbances of the state of consciousness.

MENTAL DISORDERS

Group 1:

| 13.1. | Driving licences shall not be issued to, or renewed for, applicants or drivers who suffer from:






  — | severe mental disturbance, whether congenital or due to disease, trauma or neurosurgical operations, |
| --- | --- | --- |

13.1.

Driving licences shall not be issued to, or renewed for, applicants or drivers who suffer from:

—

severe mental disturbance, whether congenital or due to disease, trauma or neurosurgical operations,

| — | severe mental retardation, |
| --- | --- |

—

severe mental retardation,

| — | severe behavioural problems due to ageing; or personality defects leading to seriously impaired judgment, behaviour or adaptability, |
| --- | --- |

—

severe behavioural problems due to ageing; or personality defects leading to seriously impaired judgment, behaviour or adaptability,

unless their application is supported by authorised medical opinion and, if necessary, subject to regular medical check-ups.

Group 2:

| 13.2. | The competent medical authority shall give due consideration to the additional risks and dangers involved in the driving of vehicles covered by the definition of this group. |
| --- | --- |

13.2.

The competent medical authority shall give due consideration to the additional risks and dangers involved in the driving of vehicles covered by the definition of this group.

ALCOHOL

| 14. | Alcohol consumption constitutes a major danger to road safety. In view of the scale of the problem, the medical profession must be very vigilant. |
| --- | --- |

14.

Alcohol consumption constitutes a major danger to road safety. In view of the scale of the problem, the medical profession must be very vigilant.

Group 1:

| 14.1. | Driving licences shall not be issued to, or renewed for, applicants or drivers who are dependent on alcohol or unable to refrain from drinking and driving.
  After a proven period of abstinence and subject to authorised medical opinion and regular medical check-ups, driving licences may be issued to, or renewed for, applicant or drivers who have in the past been dependent on alcohol. |
| --- | --- |

14.1.

Driving licences shall not be issued to, or renewed for, applicants or drivers who are dependent on alcohol or unable to refrain from drinking and driving.

After a proven period of abstinence and subject to authorised medical opinion and regular medical check-ups, driving licences may be issued to, or renewed for, applicant or drivers who have in the past been dependent on alcohol.

Group 2:

| 14.2. | The competent medical authority shall give due consideration to the additional risks and dangers involved in the driving of vehicles covered by the definition of this group. |
| --- | --- |

14.2.

The competent medical authority shall give due consideration to the additional risks and dangers involved in the driving of vehicles covered by the definition of this group.

DRUGS AND MEDICINAL PRODUCTS

| 15. | Abuse:
  Driving licences shall not be issued to or renewed for applicants or drivers who are dependent on psychotropic substances or who are not dependent on such substances but regularly abuse them, whatever category of licence is requested. |
| --- | --- |

15.

Abuse:

Driving licences shall not be issued to or renewed for applicants or drivers who are dependent on psychotropic substances or who are not dependent on such substances but regularly abuse them, whatever category of licence is requested.

Regular use:

Group 1:

| 15.1. | Driving licences shall not be issued to, or renewed for, applicants or drivers who regularly use psychotropic substances, in whatever form, which can hamper the ability to drive safely where the quantities absorbed are such as to have an adverse effect on driving. This shall apply to all other medicinal products or combinations of medicinal products which affect the ability to drive. |
| --- | --- |

15.1.

Driving licences shall not be issued to, or renewed for, applicants or drivers who regularly use psychotropic substances, in whatever form, which can hamper the ability to drive safely where the quantities absorbed are such as to have an adverse effect on driving. This shall apply to all other medicinal products or combinations of medicinal products which affect the ability to drive.

Group 2:

| 15.2. | The competent medical authority shall give due consideration to the additional risks and dangers involved in the driving of vehicles covered by the definitions of this group. |
| --- | --- |

15.2.

The competent medical authority shall give due consideration to the additional risks and dangers involved in the driving of vehicles covered by the definitions of this group.

RENAL DISORDERS

Group 1:

| 16.1. | Driving licences may be issued or renewed for applicants and drivers suffering from serious renal insufficiency subject to authorised medical opinion and regular medical check-ups. |
| --- | --- |

16.1.

Driving licences may be issued or renewed for applicants and drivers suffering from serious renal insufficiency subject to authorised medical opinion and regular medical check-ups.

Group 2:

| 16.2. | Save in exceptional cases duly justified by authorised medical opinion, and subject to regular medical check-ups, driving licences shall not be issued to or renewed for applicants or drivers suffering from serious and irreversible renal deficiency. |
| --- | --- |

16.2.

Save in exceptional cases duly justified by authorised medical opinion, and subject to regular medical check-ups, driving licences shall not be issued to or renewed for applicants or drivers suffering from serious and irreversible renal deficiency.

MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

Group 1:

| 17.1. | Subject to authorised medical opinion and, if necessary, regular medical check-ups, driving licences may be issued to or renewed for applications or drivers who have had an organ transplant or an artificial implant which affects the ability to drive. |
| --- | --- |

17.1.

Subject to authorised medical opinion and, if necessary, regular medical check-ups, driving licences may be issued to or renewed for applications or drivers who have had an organ transplant or an artificial implant which affects the ability to drive.

Group 2:

| 17.2. | The competent medical authority shall give due consideration to the additional risks and dangers involved in the driving of vehicles covered by the definition of this group. |
| --- | --- |

17.2.

The competent medical authority shall give due consideration to the additional risks and dangers involved in the driving of vehicles covered by the definition of this group.

| 18. | As a general rule, where applicants or drivers suffer from any disorder which is not mentioned in the preceding paragraph but is liable to be, or to result in, a functional incapacity affecting safety at the wheel, driving licences shall not be issued or renewed unless the application is supported by authorised medical opinion and, if necessary, subject to regular medical check-ups. |
| --- | --- |

18.

As a general rule, where applicants or drivers suffer from any disorder which is not mentioned in the preceding paragraph but is liable to be, or to result in, a functional incapacity affecting safety at the wheel, driving licences shall not be issued or renewed unless the application is supported by authorised medical opinion and, if necessary, subject to regular medical check-ups.

---

ANNEX IV

MINIMUM STANDARDS FOR PERSONS WHO CONDUCT PRACTICAL DRIVING TESTS

1.   Competences required by a driving examiner

| 1.1. | A person authorised to conduct practical assessments in a motor vehicle of the driving performance of a candidate must have knowledge, skills and understanding related to the topics listed in points 1.2 to 1.6. |
| --- | --- |

1.1.

A person authorised to conduct practical assessments in a motor vehicle of the driving performance of a candidate must have knowledge, skills and understanding related to the topics listed in points 1.2 to 1.6.

| 1.2. | The competences of an examiner must be relevant to assessing the performance of a candidate seeking the category of driving licence entitlement for which the driving test is being undertaken. |
| --- | --- |

1.2.

The competences of an examiner must be relevant to assessing the performance of a candidate seeking the category of driving licence entitlement for which the driving test is being undertaken.

| 1.3. | Knowledge and understanding of driving and assessment:






  — | theory of driving behaviour, |
| --- | --- | --- |

1.3.

Knowledge and understanding of driving and assessment:

—

theory of driving behaviour,

| — | hazard perception and accident avoidance, |
| --- | --- |

—

hazard perception and accident avoidance,

| — | the syllabus underpinning driving test standards, |
| --- | --- |

—

the syllabus underpinning driving test standards,

| — | the requirements of the driving test, |
| --- | --- |

—

the requirements of the driving test,

| — | relevant road and traffic legislation, including relevant EU and national legislation and interpretative guidelines, |
| --- | --- |

—

relevant road and traffic legislation, including relevant EU and national legislation and interpretative guidelines,

| — | assessment theory and techniques, |
| --- | --- |

—

assessment theory and techniques,

| — | defensive driving. |
| --- | --- |

—

defensive driving.

| 1.4. | Assessment skills:






  — | ability to observe accurately, monitor, and evaluate overall candidate performance, in particular:






  — | correct and comprehensive recognition of dangerous situations, |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |

1.4.

Assessment skills:

—

ability to observe accurately, monitor, and evaluate overall candidate performance, in particular:

—

correct and comprehensive recognition of dangerous situations,

| — | accurate determination of cause and likely effect of such situations, |
| --- | --- |

—

accurate determination of cause and likely effect of such situations,

| — | achievement of competence and recognition of errors, |
| --- | --- |

—

achievement of competence and recognition of errors,

| — | uniformity and consistency in assessment, |
| --- | --- |

—

uniformity and consistency in assessment,

| — | assimilate information quickly and extract key points, |
| --- | --- |

—

assimilate information quickly and extract key points,

| — | look ahead, identify potential problems, and develop strategies to deal with them, |
| --- | --- |

—

look ahead, identify potential problems, and develop strategies to deal with them,

| — | provide timely and constructive feedback. |
| --- | --- |

—

provide timely and constructive feedback.

| 1.5. | Personal driving skills:






  — | A person authorised to conduct a practical test for a category of driving licence must be able to drive to a consistently high standard that type of motor vehicle. |
| --- | --- | --- |

1.5.

Personal driving skills:

—

A person authorised to conduct a practical test for a category of driving licence must be able to drive to a consistently high standard that type of motor vehicle.

| 1.6. | Quality of service:






  — | establish and communicate what the candidate can expect during the test, |
| --- | --- | --- |

1.6.

Quality of service:

—

establish and communicate what the candidate can expect during the test,

| — | communicate clearly, choosing content, style and language to suit the audience and context and deal with enquiries from candidates, |
| --- | --- |

—

communicate clearly, choosing content, style and language to suit the audience and context and deal with enquiries from candidates,

| — | provide clear feedback about the test result, |
| --- | --- |

—

provide clear feedback about the test result,

| — | treat candidates with respect and indiscriminately. |
| --- | --- |

—

treat candidates with respect and indiscriminately.

| 1.7. | Knowledge about vehicle technique and physics:






  — | knowledge about vehicle technique such as steering, tyres, brakes, lights, specially for motorcycles and heavy vehicles, |
| --- | --- | --- |

1.7.

Knowledge about vehicle technique and physics:

—

knowledge about vehicle technique such as steering, tyres, brakes, lights, specially for motorcycles and heavy vehicles,

| — | loading safety, |
| --- | --- |

—

loading safety,

| — | knowledge about vehicle physics such as speed, friction, dynamics, energy. |
| --- | --- |

—

knowledge about vehicle physics such as speed, friction, dynamics, energy.

| 1.8. | Driving in a fuel efficient and environmentally friendly way. |
| --- | --- |

1.8.

Driving in a fuel efficient and environmentally friendly way.

2.   General conditions

| 2.1. | A category B driving examiner:






  (a) | must have held a category B licence for at least 3 years; |
| --- | --- | --- |

2.1.

A category B driving examiner:

(a)

must have held a category B licence for at least 3 years;

| (b) | must be at least 23 years old; |
| --- | --- |

(b)

must be at least 23 years old;

| (c) | must have successfully completed the initial qualification provided for in point 3 of this Annex and subsequently followed the quality assurance and the periodic training arrangements as provided for in point 4 of this Annex; |
| --- | --- |

(c)

must have successfully completed the initial qualification provided for in point 3 of this Annex and subsequently followed the quality assurance and the periodic training arrangements as provided for in point 4 of this Annex;

| (d) | must have terminated a vocational education that leads at least to a completion of level 3 as defined by Council Decision 85/368/EEC of 16 July 1985 on the comparability of vocational training qualifications between the Member States of the European Community (1); |
| --- | --- |

(d)

must have terminated a vocational education that leads at least to a completion of level 3 as defined by Council Decision 85/368/EEC of 16 July 1985 on the comparability of vocational training qualifications between the Member States of the European Community (1);

| (e) | may not be active as a commercial driving instructor in a driving school simultaneously. |
| --- | --- |

(e)

may not be active as a commercial driving instructor in a driving school simultaneously.

| 2.2. | A driving examiner for the other categories:






  (a) | must hold a driving licence in the category concerned or possess equivalent knowledge through adequate professional qualification; |
| --- | --- | --- |

2.2.

A driving examiner for the other categories:

(a)

must hold a driving licence in the category concerned or possess equivalent knowledge through adequate professional qualification;

| (b) | must have successfully completed the initial qualification provided for in point 3 of this Annex and subsequently followed the quality assurance and the periodic training arrangements as provided for in point 4 of this Annex; |
| --- | --- |

(b)

must have successfully completed the initial qualification provided for in point 3 of this Annex and subsequently followed the quality assurance and the periodic training arrangements as provided for in point 4 of this Annex;

| (c) | must have been a qualified category B driving examiner for at least 3 years; this period may be waived provided that the examiner in question can provide evidence of:






  — | at least 5 years of driving in the category concerned, or, |
| --- | --- | --- |

(c)

must have been a qualified category B driving examiner for at least 3 years; this period may be waived provided that the examiner in question can provide evidence of:

—

at least 5 years of driving in the category concerned, or,

| — | a theoretical and practical assessment of driving ability of a standard higher than that needed to obtain a driving licence thus making that requirement unnecessary, |
| --- | --- |

—

a theoretical and practical assessment of driving ability of a standard higher than that needed to obtain a driving licence thus making that requirement unnecessary,

| (d) | must have completed a vocational education that leads at least to a termination of the level 3 as defined by Decision 85/368/EEC; |
| --- | --- |

(d)

must have completed a vocational education that leads at least to a termination of the level 3 as defined by Decision 85/368/EEC;

| (e) | may not be active as a commercial driving instructor in a driving school simultaneously. |
| --- | --- |

(e)

may not be active as a commercial driving instructor in a driving school simultaneously.

2.3.   Equivalences

| 2.3.1. | Member States may authorise an examiner to conduct driving tests for categories AM, A1, A2 and A upon passing the initial qualification prescribed in point 3 for one of these categories. |
| --- | --- |

2.3.1.

Member States may authorise an examiner to conduct driving tests for categories AM, A1, A2 and A upon passing the initial qualification prescribed in point 3 for one of these categories.

| 2.3.2. | Member States may authorise an examiner to conduct driving tests for categories C1, C, D1 and D upon passing the initial qualification prescribed in point 3 for one of these categories. |
| --- | --- |

2.3.2.

Member States may authorise an examiner to conduct driving tests for categories C1, C, D1 and D upon passing the initial qualification prescribed in point 3 for one of these categories.

| 2.3.3. | Member States may authorise an examiner to conduct driving tests for categories BE, C1E, CE, D1E and DE upon passing the initial qualification prescribed in point 3 for one of these categories. |
| --- | --- |

2.3.3.

Member States may authorise an examiner to conduct driving tests for categories BE, C1E, CE, D1E and DE upon passing the initial qualification prescribed in point 3 for one of these categories.

3.   Initial qualification

3.1.   Initial training

| 3.1.1. | Before a person may be authorised to conduct driving tests, that person must satisfactorily complete such training programme as a Member State may specify in order to have the competences set out in point 1. |
| --- | --- |

3.1.1.

Before a person may be authorised to conduct driving tests, that person must satisfactorily complete such training programme as a Member State may specify in order to have the competences set out in point 1.

| 3.1.2. | Member States must determine whether the content of any particular training programme will relate to authorisation to conduct driving tests for one driving licence category, or more than one. |
| --- | --- |

3.1.2.

Member States must determine whether the content of any particular training programme will relate to authorisation to conduct driving tests for one driving licence category, or more than one.

3.2.   Examinations

| 3.2.1. | Before a person may be authorised to conduct driving tests, that person must demonstrate a satisfactory standard of knowledge, understanding, skills and aptitude in respect of the subjects listed in point 1. |
| --- | --- |

3.2.1.

Before a person may be authorised to conduct driving tests, that person must demonstrate a satisfactory standard of knowledge, understanding, skills and aptitude in respect of the subjects listed in point 1.

| 3.2.2. | Member States shall operate an examination process that assesses, in a pedagogically appropriate manner, the competences of the person as defined under point 1, in particular point 1.4. The examination process must include both a theoretical element and a practical element. Computer-based assessment may be used where appropriate. The details concerning the nature and duration of any tests and assessments within the examination shall be at the discretion of the individual Member States. |
| --- | --- |

3.2.2.

Member States shall operate an examination process that assesses, in a pedagogically appropriate manner, the competences of the person as defined under point 1, in particular point 1.4. The examination process must include both a theoretical element and a practical element. Computer-based assessment may be used where appropriate. The details concerning the nature and duration of any tests and assessments within the examination shall be at the discretion of the individual Member States.

| 3.2.3. | Member States must determine whether the content of any particular examination will relate to authorisation to conduct driving tests for one driving licence category, or more than one. |
| --- | --- |

3.2.3.

Member States must determine whether the content of any particular examination will relate to authorisation to conduct driving tests for one driving licence category, or more than one.

4.   Quality assurance and periodic training

4.1.   Quality assurance

| 4.1.1. | Member States shall have in place quality assurance arrangements to provide for the maintenance of standards of driving examiners. |
| --- | --- |

4.1.1.

Member States shall have in place quality assurance arrangements to provide for the maintenance of standards of driving examiners.

| 4.1.2. | Quality assurance arrangements should involve the supervision of examiners at work, their further training and re-accreditation, their continuing professional development, and by periodic review of the outcomes of the driving tests that they have conducted. |
| --- | --- |

4.1.2.

Quality assurance arrangements should involve the supervision of examiners at work, their further training and re-accreditation, their continuing professional development, and by periodic review of the outcomes of the driving tests that they have conducted.

| 4.1.3. | Member States must provide that each examiner is subject to yearly supervision making use of quality assurance arrangements listed in point 4.1.2. Moreover, the Member States must provide that each examiner is observed conducting tests once every 5 years, for a minimum period cumulatively of at least half a day, allowing the observation of several tests. When issues are identified corrective action should be put in place. The person undertaking the supervision must be a person authorised by the Member State for that purpose. |
| --- | --- |

4.1.3.

Member States must provide that each examiner is subject to yearly supervision making use of quality assurance arrangements listed in point 4.1.2. Moreover, the Member States must provide that each examiner is observed conducting tests once every 5 years, for a minimum period cumulatively of at least half a day, allowing the observation of several tests. When issues are identified corrective action should be put in place. The person undertaking the supervision must be a person authorised by the Member State for that purpose.

| 4.1.4 | Member States may provide that where an examiner is authorised to conduct driving tests in more than one category, satisfying the supervision requirement in relation to tests for one category satisfies the requirement for more than one category. |
| --- | --- |

4.1.4

Member States may provide that where an examiner is authorised to conduct driving tests in more than one category, satisfying the supervision requirement in relation to tests for one category satisfies the requirement for more than one category.

| 4.1.5 | The work of driving examination must be monitored and supervised by a body authorised by the Member State, to ensure correct and consistent application of assessment. |
| --- | --- |

4.1.5

The work of driving examination must be monitored and supervised by a body authorised by the Member State, to ensure correct and consistent application of assessment.

4.2.   Periodic training

| 4.2.1. | Member States shall provide that, in order to remain authorised, driving examiners, irrespective of the number of categories for which they are accredited, undertake:






  — | a minimum regular periodic training of four days in total per period of two years in order to: |
| --- | --- | --- |

4.2.1.

Member States shall provide that, in order to remain authorised, driving examiners, irrespective of the number of categories for which they are accredited, undertake:

—

a minimum regular periodic training of four days in total per period of two years in order to:

| — | maintain and refresh the necessary knowledge and examining skills, |
| --- | --- |

—

maintain and refresh the necessary knowledge and examining skills,

| — | to develop new competences that have become essential for the exercise of their profession, |
| --- | --- |

—

to develop new competences that have become essential for the exercise of their profession,

| — | ensure that an examiner continues to conduct tests to a fair and uniform standard, |
| --- | --- |

—

ensure that an examiner continues to conduct tests to a fair and uniform standard,

| — | a minimum periodic training of at least five days in total per period of five years, |
| --- | --- |

—

a minimum periodic training of at least five days in total per period of five years,

| — | in order to develop and maintain the necessary practical driving skills. |
| --- | --- |

—

in order to develop and maintain the necessary practical driving skills.

| 4.2.2. | Member States shall take the appropriate measures for ensuring that specific training is given promptly to those examiners that have found to be seriously malfunctioning by the quality assurance system in place. |
| --- | --- |

4.2.2.

Member States shall take the appropriate measures for ensuring that specific training is given promptly to those examiners that have found to be seriously malfunctioning by the quality assurance system in place.

| 4.2.3. | The nature of periodic training may take the form of briefing, classroom training, conventional or electronic-based learning, and it may be undertaken on an individual or group basis. It may include such re-accreditation of standards as Member States consider appropriate. |
| --- | --- |

4.2.3.

The nature of periodic training may take the form of briefing, classroom training, conventional or electronic-based learning, and it may be undertaken on an individual or group basis. It may include such re-accreditation of standards as Member States consider appropriate.

| 4.2.4. | Member States may provide that where an examiner is authorised to conduct driving tests in more than one category, satisfying the periodic training requirement in relation to tests for one category satisfies the requirement for more than one category, provided the condition set out in point 4.2.5 is satisfied. |
| --- | --- |

4.2.4.

Member States may provide that where an examiner is authorised to conduct driving tests in more than one category, satisfying the periodic training requirement in relation to tests for one category satisfies the requirement for more than one category, provided the condition set out in point 4.2.5 is satisfied.

| 4.2.5. | Where an examiner has not conducted tests for a category within a 24-month period, the examiner shall undertake a suitable reassessment before being allowed to carry out driving tests relating to that category. That reassessment may be undertaken as part of the requirement set out in point 4.2.1. |
| --- | --- |

4.2.5.

Where an examiner has not conducted tests for a category within a 24-month period, the examiner shall undertake a suitable reassessment before being allowed to carry out driving tests relating to that category. That reassessment may be undertaken as part of the requirement set out in point 4.2.1.

5.   Acquired rights

| 5.1. | Member States may allow persons authorised to conduct driving tests immediately before these provisions come into force to continue to conduct driving tests, notwithstanding that they were not authorised in accordance with the general conditions in point 2 or the initial qualification process set out in point 3. |
| --- | --- |

5.1.

Member States may allow persons authorised to conduct driving tests immediately before these provisions come into force to continue to conduct driving tests, notwithstanding that they were not authorised in accordance with the general conditions in point 2 or the initial qualification process set out in point 3.

| 5.2. | Such examiners are nonetheless subject to the regular supervision and quality assurance arrangements set out in point 4. |
| --- | --- |

5.2.

Such examiners are nonetheless subject to the regular supervision and quality assurance arrangements set out in point 4.

---

(1)  OJ L 199, 31.7.1985, p. 56.

---

ANNEX V

MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR DRIVER TRAINING AND TESTING FOR COMBINATIONS AS DEFINED IN THE SECOND SUBPARAGRAPH OF ARTICLE 4(4)(B)

| 1. | Member States shall take the necessary measures to:






  — | approve and supervise the training provided for in Article 7(1)(d) or, |
| --- | --- | --- |

1.

Member States shall take the necessary measures to:

—

approve and supervise the training provided for in Article 7(1)(d) or,

| — | organise the test of skills and behaviour provided for in Article 7(1)(d). |
| --- | --- |

—

organise the test of skills and behaviour provided for in Article 7(1)(d).

| 2.1. | Duration of driver training






  — | at least 7 hours. |
| --- | --- | --- |

2.1.

Duration of driver training

—

at least 7 hours.

| 3. | Content of driver training
  The driver training shall cover the knowledge, skills and behaviour as described in points 2 and 7 of Annex II. Particular attention shall be paid to:






  — | vehicle movement dynamics, safety criteria, tractor vehicle and trailer (coupling mechanism), correct loading and safety fittings; |
| --- | --- | --- |

3.

Content of driver training

The driver training shall cover the knowledge, skills and behaviour as described in points 2 and 7 of Annex II. Particular attention shall be paid to:

—

vehicle movement dynamics, safety criteria, tractor vehicle and trailer (coupling mechanism), correct loading and safety fittings;

A practical component shall include the following exercises: acceleration, deceleration, reversing, braking, stopping distance, lane-changing, braking/evasive action, trailer swing, uncoupling from and re-coupling a trailer to its motor vehicle, parking;

| — | Each training participant has to perform the practical component and shall demonstrate its skills and behaviour on public roads, |
| --- | --- |

—

Each training participant has to perform the practical component and shall demonstrate its skills and behaviour on public roads,

| — | Vehicle combinations used for the training shall fall within the category of driving licence participants have applied for. |
| --- | --- |

—

Vehicle combinations used for the training shall fall within the category of driving licence participants have applied for.

| 4. | Duration and contents of the test of skills and behaviour |
| --- | --- |

4.

Duration and contents of the test of skills and behaviour

The length of the test and the distance travelled must be sufficient to assess the skills and behaviour laid down in point 3.

---

ANNEX VI

MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR DRIVER TRAINING AND TESTING FOR MOTORCYCLES WITHIN CATEGORY A (PROGRESSIVE ACCESS)

| 1. | Member States shall take the necessary measures to:






  — | approve and supervise the training provided for in Article 7(1)(c) or, |
| --- | --- | --- |

1.

Member States shall take the necessary measures to:

—

approve and supervise the training provided for in Article 7(1)(c) or,

| — | organise the test of skills and behaviour provided for in Article 7(1)(c). |
| --- | --- |

—

organise the test of skills and behaviour provided for in Article 7(1)(c).

| 2. | Duration of driver training






  — | at least 7 hours. |
| --- | --- | --- |

2.

Duration of driver training

—

at least 7 hours.

| 3. | Content of driver training






  — | The driver training shall contain all aspects covered in point 6 of Annex II. |
| --- | --- | --- |

3.

Content of driver training

—

The driver training shall contain all aspects covered in point 6 of Annex II.

| — | Each participant has to perform the practical components of the training and shall demonstrate its skills and behaviour on public roads. |
| --- | --- |

—

Each participant has to perform the practical components of the training and shall demonstrate its skills and behaviour on public roads.

| — | Motorcycles used for the training shall fall within the category of driving licence participants have applied for. |
| --- | --- |

—

Motorcycles used for the training shall fall within the category of driving licence participants have applied for.

| 4. | Duration and contents of the test of skills and behaviour |
| --- | --- |

4.

Duration and contents of the test of skills and behaviour

The length of the test and the distance travelled must be sufficient to assess the skills and behaviour laid down in point 3 of this Annex.

---

ANNEX VII

Part A

REPEALED DIRECTIVE AS SUCCESSIVELY AMENDED

(referred to in Article 17)

| Council Directive 91/439/EEC (1) | (OJ L 237, 24.8.1991, p. 1) |
| --- | --- |
| Council Directive 94/72/EC | (OJ L 337, 24.12.1994, p. 86) |
| Council Directive 96/47/EC | (OJ L 235, 17.9.1996, p. 1) |
| Council Directive 97/26/EC | (OJ L 150, 7.6.1997, p. 41) |
| Commission Directive 2000/56/EC | (OJ L 237, 21.9.2000, p. 45) |
| Directive 2003/59/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, only Article 10, paragraph 2 | (OJ L 226, 10.9.2003, p. 4) |
| Regulation (EC) No 1882/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council, only Annex II, point 24 | (OJ L 284, 31.10.2003, p. 1) |

Council Directive 91/439/EEC (1)

(OJ L 237, 24.8.1991, p. 1)

Council Directive 94/72/EC

(OJ L 337, 24.12.1994, p. 86)

Council Directive 96/47/EC

(OJ L 235, 17.9.1996, p. 1)

Council Directive 97/26/EC

(OJ L 150, 7.6.1997, p. 41)

Commission Directive 2000/56/EC

(OJ L 237, 21.9.2000, p. 45)

Directive 2003/59/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, only Article 10, paragraph 2

(OJ L 226, 10.9.2003, p. 4)

Regulation (EC) No 1882/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council, only Annex II, point 24

(OJ L 284, 31.10.2003, p. 1)

Part B

DEADLINES FOR TRANSPOSITION INTO NATIONAL LAW AND FOR APPLICATION

(referred to in Article 17)

| Directive | Deadline for transposition | Date of application |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Directive 91/439/EEC | 1st July 1994 | 1st July 1996 |
| Directive 94/72/EC | - | 1st January1995 |
| Decision 96/427/EC | - | 16 July 1996 |
| Directive 96/47/EC | 1st July 1996 | 1st July 1996 |
| Directive 97/26/EC | 1st January 1998 | 1st January 1998 |
| Directive 2000/56/EC | 30 September 2003 | 30 September 2003, 30 September 2008 (Annex II, point 6.2.5) and 30 September 2013 (Annex II point 5.2) |
| Directive 2003/59/EC | 10 September 2006 | 10 September 2008 (passenger transport) and 10 September 2009 (goods transport) |

Directive

Deadline for transposition

Date of application

Directive 91/439/EEC

1st July 1994

1st July 1996

Directive 94/72/EC

-

1st January1995

Decision 96/427/EC

-

16 July 1996

Directive 96/47/EC

1st July 1996

1st July 1996

Directive 97/26/EC

1st January 1998

1st January 1998

Directive 2000/56/EC

30 September 2003

30 September 2003, 30 September 2008 (Annex II, point 6.2.5) and 30 September 2013 (Annex II point 5.2)

Directive 2003/59/EC

10 September 2006

10 September 2008 (passenger transport) and 10 September 2009 (goods transport)

---

(1)  Directive 91/439/EEC was also amended by the following act which has not been repealed: 1994 Act of accession.

---

ANNEX VIII

CORRELATION TABLE

| Directive 91/439/EEC | This Directive |
| --- | --- |
| Article 1(1), first sentence | Article 1(1) first sentence |
| Article 1(1), second sentence | — |
| - | Article 1(2) |
| Article 1(2) | Article 2(1) |
| - | Article 2(2) |
| Article 1(3) | - |
| Article 2(1) | Article 1(1), second sentence |
| Article 2(2) | Article 3(1) |
| | Article 3(2) |
| | Article 3(3) |
| Article 2(3) | - |
| Article 2(4) | - |
| Article 3(1), first subparagraph, introductory words | Article 4(1), first sentence |
| - | Article 4(2), first indent |
| - | Article 4(2), second indent |
| Article 3(1), first subparagraph, first indent | Article 4(3), first indent |
| Article 3(1), first subparagraph, second indent | Article 4(4)(b), first subparagraph |
| Article 3(1), first subparagraph, third indent | Article 4(4)(b), second subparagraph |
| Article 3(1), first subparagraph, fourth indent | Article 4(4)(c) |
| Article 3(1), first subparagraph, fifth indent | Article 4(4)(f) |
| Article 3(1), first subparagraph, sixth indent | Article 4(4)(g) |
| Article 3(1), first subparagraph, seventh indent | Article 4(4)(j) |
| Article 3(1), first subparagraph, eighth indent | Article 4(4)(k) |
| Article 3(2), first subparagraph, introductory words | - |
| Article 3(2), first subparagraph, first indent | Article 4(3)(a) |
| Article 3(2), first subparagraph, second indent | Article 4(4)(a) |
| Article 3(2), first subparagraph, third indent | Article 4(4)(d) |
| Article 3(2), first subparagraph, fourth indent | Article 4(4)(e) |
| Article 3(2), first subparagraph, fifth indent | Article 4(4)(h) |
| Article 3(2), first subparagraph, sixth indent, introductory words | Article 4(4)(i) |
| Article 3(2), first subparagraph, sixth indent, first sub-indent | - |
| Article 3(2), first subparagraph, sixth indent, second sub-indent | - |
| Article 3(3), introductory words | - |
| Article 3(3), first indent | Article 4(1), third sentence |
| Article 3(3), second indent, first subparagraph | Article 4(3), second indent |
| Article 3(3), second indent, second subparagraph | - |
| Article 3(3), third indent | Article 4(3), first indent |
| Article 3(3), fourth indent | Article 4(4), first indent |
| Article 3(3), fifth indent | Article 4(4), second indent |
| - | Article 4(3) |
| Article 3(4) | - |
| Article 3(5) | - |
| Article 3(6) | Article 4(5), first sentence |
| - | Article 4(5), second sentence |
| Article 4 | Article 5 |
| Article 5(1) | Article 6(1) |
| Article 5(1)(a) | Article 6(1)(a) |
| Article 5(1)(b) | Article 6(1)(b) |
| Article 5(2), introductory words | Article 6(2), introductory words |
| Article 5(2)(a) | Article 6(2)(a) |
| Article 5(2)(b) | Article 6(2)(b) |
| - | Article 6(2)(c) |
| - | Article 6(2)(d) |
| - | Article 6(2)(e) |
| - | Article 6(2)(f) |
| Article 5(3) | - |
| Article 5(4) | Article 6(4) |
| Article 6(1), introductory words | Article 4(1), second sentence |
| Article 6(1)(a), first indent | Article 4(3)(a), third indent |
| Article 6(1)(a), second indent | Article 4(4)(a), second indent |
| Article 6(1)(b), first indent | Article 4(3)(b), second indent |
| | Article 4(3)(c), second indent |
| Article 6(1)(b), second indent first alternative | Article 4(4)(b), fifth subparagraph |
| Article 6(1)(b), second indent second alternative | Article 4(4)(c), second indent |
| Article 6(1)(b), third indent first and second alternative | Article 4(4)(g), second indent |
| Article 6(1)(b), third indent third and fourth alternative | Article 4(4)(e), third indent |
| Article 6(1)(c), first indent first and second alternative | Article 4(4)(k), second indent |
| Article 6(1)(c), first indent third and fourth alternative | Article 4(4)(i), second indent |
| Article 6(2) | Article 4(6), first subparagraph |
| - | Article 4(6), second subparagraph |
| Article 6(3) | Article 4(6), third and fourth subparagraphs |
| Article 7(1), introductory words | Article 7(1), introductory words |
| Article 7(1)(a) | Article 7(1)(a) |
| - | Article 7(1)(b) |
| - | Article 7(1)(c) |
| - | Article 7(1)(d) |
| Article 7(1)(b) | Article 7(1)(e) |
| Article 7(2) | - |
| Article 7(3) | - |
| - | Article 7(2) |
| - | Article 7(3) |
| Article 7(4) | Article 7(4) |
| Article 7(5) | Article 7(5)(a) |
| - | Article 7(5)(b) |
| - | Article 7(5)(c) |
| - | Article 7(5)(d) |
| Article 7 a(1) | - |
| Article 7 a(2) | Article 8 |
| Article 7 b | Article 9 |
| - | Article 10 |
| Article 8 | Article 11 |
| Article 9 | Article 12 |
| Article 10 | Article 13(1) |
| - | Article 13(2) |
| Article 11 | Article 14 |
| Article 12(1) | - |
| Article 12(2) | - |
| Article 12(3) | Article 15 |
| - | Article 16 |
| Article 13 | Article 17, first subparagraph |
| - | Article 17, second subparagraph |
| - | Article 18 |
| Article 14 | Article 19 |
| Annex I | - |
| Annex Ia | Annex I |
| Annex II | Annex II |
| Annex III | Annex III |
| - | Annex IV |
| - | Annex V |
| - | Annex VI |

Directive 91/439/EEC

This Directive

Article 1(1), first sentence

Article 1(1) first sentence

Article 1(1), second sentence

—

-

Article 1(2)

Article 1(2)

Article 2(1)

-

Article 2(2)

Article 1(3)

-

Article 2(1)

Article 1(1), second sentence

Article 2(2)

Article 3(1)

Article 3(2)

Article 3(3)

Article 2(3)

-

Article 2(4)

-

Article 3(1), first subparagraph, introductory words

Article 4(1), first sentence

-

Article 4(2), first indent

-

Article 4(2), second indent

Article 3(1), first subparagraph, first indent

Article 4(3), first indent

Article 3(1), first subparagraph, second indent

Article 4(4)(b), first subparagraph

Article 3(1), first subparagraph, third indent

Article 4(4)(b), second subparagraph

Article 3(1), first subparagraph, fourth indent

Article 4(4)(c)

Article 3(1), first subparagraph, fifth indent

Article 4(4)(f)

Article 3(1), first subparagraph, sixth indent

Article 4(4)(g)

Article 3(1), first subparagraph, seventh indent

Article 4(4)(j)

Article 3(1), first subparagraph, eighth indent

Article 4(4)(k)

Article 3(2), first subparagraph, introductory words

-

Article 3(2), first subparagraph, first indent

Article 4(3)(a)

Article 3(2), first subparagraph, second indent

Article 4(4)(a)

Article 3(2), first subparagraph, third indent

Article 4(4)(d)

Article 3(2), first subparagraph, fourth indent

Article 4(4)(e)

Article 3(2), first subparagraph, fifth indent

Article 4(4)(h)

Article 3(2), first subparagraph, sixth indent, introductory words

Article 4(4)(i)

Article 3(2), first subparagraph, sixth indent, first sub-indent

-

Article 3(2), first subparagraph, sixth indent, second sub-indent

-

Article 3(3), introductory words

-

Article 3(3), first indent

Article 4(1), third sentence

Article 3(3), second indent, first subparagraph

Article 4(3), second indent

Article 3(3), second indent, second subparagraph

-

Article 3(3), third indent

Article 4(3), first indent

Article 3(3), fourth indent

Article 4(4), first indent

Article 3(3), fifth indent

Article 4(4), second indent

-

Article 4(3)

Article 3(4)

-

Article 3(5)

-

Article 3(6)

Article 4(5), first sentence

-

Article 4(5), second sentence

Article 4

Article 5

Article 5(1)

Article 6(1)

Article 5(1)(a)

Article 6(1)(a)

Article 5(1)(b)

Article 6(1)(b)

Article 5(2), introductory words

Article 6(2), introductory words

Article 5(2)(a)

Article 6(2)(a)

Article 5(2)(b)

Article 6(2)(b)

-

Article 6(2)(c)

-

Article 6(2)(d)

-

Article 6(2)(e)

-

Article 6(2)(f)

Article 5(3)

-

Article 5(4)

Article 6(4)

Article 6(1), introductory words

Article 4(1), second sentence

Article 6(1)(a), first indent

Article 4(3)(a), third indent

Article 6(1)(a), second indent

Article 4(4)(a), second indent

Article 6(1)(b), first indent

Article 4(3)(b), second indent

Article 4(3)(c), second indent

Article 6(1)(b), second indent first alternative

Article 4(4)(b), fifth subparagraph

Article 6(1)(b), second indent second alternative

Article 4(4)(c), second indent

Article 6(1)(b), third indent first and second alternative

Article 4(4)(g), second indent

Article 6(1)(b), third indent third and fourth alternative

Article 4(4)(e), third indent

Article 6(1)(c), first indent first and second alternative

Article 4(4)(k), second indent

Article 6(1)(c), first indent third and fourth alternative

Article 4(4)(i), second indent

Article 6(2)

Article 4(6), first subparagraph

-

Article 4(6), second subparagraph

Article 6(3)

Article 4(6), third and fourth subparagraphs

Article 7(1), introductory words

Article 7(1), introductory words

Article 7(1)(a)

Article 7(1)(a)

-

Article 7(1)(b)

-

Article 7(1)(c)

-

Article 7(1)(d)

Article 7(1)(b)

Article 7(1)(e)

Article 7(2)

-

Article 7(3)

-

-

Article 7(2)

-

Article 7(3)

Article 7(4)

Article 7(4)

Article 7(5)

Article 7(5)(a)

-

Article 7(5)(b)

-

Article 7(5)(c)

-

Article 7(5)(d)

Article 7 a(1)

-

Article 7 a(2)

Article 8

Article 7 b

Article 9

-

Article 10

Article 8

Article 11

Article 9

Article 12

Article 10

Article 13(1)

-

Article 13(2)

Article 11

Article 14

Article 12(1)

-

Article 12(2)

-

Article 12(3)

Article 15

-

Article 16

Article 13

Article 17, first subparagraph

-

Article 17, second subparagraph

-

Article 18

Article 14

Article 19

Annex I

-

Annex Ia

Annex I

Annex II

Annex II

Annex III

Annex III

-

Annex IV

-

Annex V

-

Annex VI

---

STATEMENT OF THE COUNCIL'S REASONS

I.   INTRODUCTION

The Commission adopted its proposal on 21 October 2003.

On 23 February 2005, the European Parliament adopted its opinion in first reading.

On 18 September 2006 the Council adopted its common position in accordance with Article 251 of the Treaty.

In carrying out its work, the Council also took account of the opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee (1).

II.   ANALYSIS OF THE COMMON POSITION

The common position reflects the outcome of informal contacts between the European Parliament, the Commission and the Council. Although the proposal has been restructured to make it more logical and readable, in essence the common position text retains all the principal elements proposed by the Commission.

However, certain modifications have been agreed, reflecting either concerns raised by the Parliament in its first reading (i.e. the issue of mandatory exchange of all existing driving licences) or issues raised by the Council.

The common position, as it stands today, follows the aim of the three institutions to recast the existing Directive and to add the necessary provisions in order to meet the requirements of an extremely mobile society in an enlarged European Union (i.e. one document type throughout the Community) while increasing anti-fraud measures and improving road safety. The common position therefore addresses the following key issues:

| — | The reclassification of vehicle-trailer combinations (art. 4.4.b et al.); |
| --- | --- |

—

The reclassification of vehicle-trailer combinations (art. 4.4.b et al.);

| — | The access regime to motorcycles (art. 4.3 et al.); |
| --- | --- |

—

The access regime to motorcycles (art. 4.3 et al.);

| — | The one person one licence approach (art. 7.5 and art. 11.4); |
| --- | --- |

—

The one person one licence approach (art. 7.5 and art. 11.4);

| — | The issue of the obligatory exchange of all existing driving licences documents (art. 3.3 et al.). |
| --- | --- |

—

The issue of the obligatory exchange of all existing driving licences documents (art. 3.3 et al.).

(i)   The reclassification of vehicle-trailer combinations

As regards trailer combinations within category B, the Commission proposed to shift all combinations with trailers above 750 kg to category BE. The Parliament and the Council considered such a provision as too strict, given that a considerable number of ‘light’ camping trailers already surpass such weight limit due to their interior design. However, in order to meet road safety concerns and at the same time to avoid additional burden for the citizen, the two co-legislators decided to introduce a provision allowing a maximum authorized mass of 4 250 kg for vehicle and trailer combinations in category B. In case such a combination exceeds 3 500 kg, national authorities shall require additional training or the passing of a test of skills and behaviour or both. The requirements for the training and the practical test are laid down in a new Annex to the Directive (Annex V).

With this provision, and while respecting the type approval rules for vehicles, the Parliament and the Council assure that:

| — | the tractor vehicle remains within the 3 500 kg limit, |
| --- | --- |

—

the tractor vehicle remains within the 3 500 kg limit,

| — | the existing 4 250 kg maximum mass (3 500 kg + 750 kg) is not surpassed, |
| --- | --- |

—

the existing 4 250 kg maximum mass (3 500 kg + 750 kg) is not surpassed,

while the combination itself is being made more flexible and transparent for the citizen.

With regard to category BE, the two co-legislators agreed to allow a maximum authorised mass of 3 500 kg for the trailer. Combinations with a towing vehicle in category B and a trailer exceeding 3 500 kg can only be driven with a category C1E.

(ii)   The access regime to motorcycles

In the light of improving road safety and to make an equation between mobility and safety, the three institutions reached agreement on the principle of progressive access to motorcycles and on the age for mutual recognition of licences. The three institutions also decided to introduce a special category for mopeds (category AM), for which a licence can be obtained at the age of 16 years after having passed a theory test. Member States may impose further requirements and may decide to integrate category AM into the philosophy of progressive access if they wish.

As for further improving road safety and reducing the high number of accidents among young or novice motorcycle riders, the Parliament and the Council followed the Commission's principle of a staged (or progressive) access to motorcycles of higher specification. Therefore, they fixed the minimum age for motorcycles in category A1 (light motorcycles) at 16 years and for category A2 (medium size/weight motorcycles) at 18 years. The 2 years age difference must also be respected if a Member State decides to grant direct access to category A1 only at the age of 17 or 18 years. If the applicant has acquired a 2 year experience on category A1, he has to pass a test of skills and behaviour or complete a training in order to ride motorcycles in category A2.

The minimum age for category A (heavy motorcycles) is fixed at 20 years under the condition that the applicant has acquired a two years' experience on a motorcycle of category A2 and passed a test of skills and behaviour or completed a training.

For direct access to the most powerful motorcycles, the three institutions decided not to apply the philosophy of progressive access and to set the unique minimum age of 24 years throughout the Community, thus taking into account the lack of the applicant's experience.

(iii)   The ‘one person one licence’ approach

Driving licence fraud has become a well known phenomenon among the police authorities of the Member States. The various types of fraud range from trafficking the document itself, to unlawful obtaining of duplicates and the obtaining of a new licence in a different Member State while being banned from driving in the ‘home’ Member State.

Therefore, the Parliament and the Council fully support the Commission's approach of ‘one person — one licence’ in order to prevent these kinds of fraud in the future. The common position thus reconfirms the principle that one person can only hold one driving licence. It also introduces, in addition to the obligatory regular administrative renewal of the document, new provisions which oblige a Member State:

| — | to refuse to issue a licence where it establishes that the applicant already holds a driving licence; |
| --- | --- |

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to refuse to issue a licence where it establishes that the applicant already holds a driving licence;

| — | and, as regards the issue, replacement, renewal or exchange of a driving licence, verify with other Member States if there are reasonable grounds to suspect that the applicant already holds a driving licence. |
| --- | --- |

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and, as regards the issue, replacement, renewal or exchange of a driving licence, verify with other Member States if there are reasonable grounds to suspect that the applicant already holds a driving licence.

Member States will also be obliged to refuse to issue or to recognize the validity of a driving licence to a person whose licence is restricted, suspended or withdrawn in another Member State.

In order to improve the cooperation among the authorities of the Member States and to facilitate the checks, the three institutions agreed on the creation of a communication network for driving licences.

The common position, as it stands, also contains minimum standards safeguarding a high level of protection of the driving licence document and a provision allowing the Member States to insert a microchip in the licence.

(iv)   The obligatory exchange of all existing driving licences documents

In its proposal, the Commission introduced a new driving licence model which should — on the long run — be the only model in circulation within the Community. The Commission also presented provisions introducing a limited administrative validity for all new licences issued after the entry into force of this Directive. This limited administrative validity would be applicable to all categories of vehicles. The Commission proposal did not provide for a mandatory exchange of existing licences.

Whilst agreeing to the new Community driving licence model and to the compulsory renewal of the document, the Parliament and the Council decided to go one step further and to agree on a provision stipulating that all driving licence documents issued before the date of application of the current Directive and which are still valid and in circulation, will have to be replaced by the new driving licence model 26 years after the entry into force of this Directive at the latest. By doing so, the two co-legislators make sure that — as from a certain moment — there will be one single driving licence model in use throughout the Community.

(v)   Other issues

Introduction of a power/weight criterion for light motorcycles

Following a provision proposed by the Commission, the two co-legislators agreed to introduce a power/weight ratio not exceeding 0,1 kW/kg for light motorcycles (category A1). This measure will prevent the construction of extremely light vehicles with high acceleration and top speed possibilities, and thus have a considerable effect on the safety of young or novice motorcycle riders.

New technical characteristics for medium-weight motorcycles

In order to avoid the ‘downtuning’ of heavy motorcycles, and thus lowering the risk of accidents, the Parliament and the Council decided to follow the Commission's proposal to introduce an additional provision for ‘A2’ motorcycles stating that vehicles in this category cannot be derived from a vehicle of more than double its power.

Introduction of a new driving licence model

In order to enhance the protection against fraud and to reduce the number of licence models in circulation, the Parliament and the Council decided on the phasing-out of the paper Community driving licence model. Upon entry into force of the new legislation, the only Community driving licence model to be issued shall be a plastic card type, similar in shape and size to credit cards, which will allow for greater document safety and better protection against all attempts of forgery.

Minimum requirements for driving examiners

The existing Community legislation does not provide for set standards on the training and education of driving examiners which vary widely throughout the Union. Therefore the Commission decided to propose harmonised minimum requirements for examiners in order to arrive at comparable driving test results in the Community. The Parliament and the Council decided to follow the Commission and agreed on the introduction of basic conditions for entering the profession of driving examiners and on setting minimum standards for their initial qualification and regular training. Such harmonised provisions should also lead to an increase in road safety as they will help maintain the examiners' skills and experience in a fast changing technical environment.

III.   CONCLUSION

The common position on this Directive retains all the principal elements of the Commission proposal, adjusted in a balanced and appropriate manner to reflect the concerns of the Parliament and the Council. It is the result of contacts between the three institutions involved in the framework of the Joint Declaration on practical arrangements for the new co-decision procedure (2).

The Council has noted the undertaking given by the president of the Parliament's TRAN Committee, in the context of these contacts, to recommend this text for approval by the Parliament without amendment in second reading, following which the Directive will be deemed to have been adopted in accordance with the common position.

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(1)  OJ C 112, 30.4.2004, p. 34. The Committee of the Regions decided not to deliver an opinion on the Commission proposal.

(2)  OJ C 148, 28.5.1999, p.1.

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