IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 

FOR THE DISTRICT OF OREGON 

ANDREW GANT, 

Plaintiff, 

v. 

CAROLYN W. COLVIN, 

Acting Commissioner of the Social Security 

Administration, 

Defendant. 

MCSHANE, Judge: 

Civ. No. 6:14-cv-01219-MC 

OPINION AND ORDER 

Plaintiff Andrew Gant brings this action for judicial review of a final decision of the 

Commissioner of Social Security denying his application for supplemental security income 

payments (SSI) under Title XVI of the Social Security Act. This Court has jurisdiction under 42 

U.S.C. §§ 405(g) and 1383(c)(3). 

The issues before this Court are whether the Administrative Law Judge (ALJ) erred in: 

(1) evaluating Plaintiffs credibility; (2) determining Plaintiffs residual functional capacity 

(RFC); and (3) failing to elicit vocational expert (VE) testimony explaining conflict between the 

RFC and the Dictionary of Occupational Titles (DOT). Because the ALJ properly evaluated 

Plaintiffs credibility, properly determined Plaintiffs RFC, and properly relied upon VE 

testimony, the Commissioner's decision is AFFIRMED. 

1 - OPINION AND ORDER 

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PROCEDURAL AND FACTUAL BACKGROUND 

Plaintiff applied for SSI on March 28, 2012, alleging disability since February 14, 1994. 

Tr. 33, 109-17. This claim was denied initially and upon reconsideration. Tr. 33, 72-74. Plaintiff 

timely requested a hearing before an ALJ, and appeared before the Honorable MaryKay 

Rauenzahn on January 14, 2013. Tr. 5-26. ALJ Rauenzahn denied Plaintiff's claim by written 

decision dated February 13, 2013. Tr. 22--42. Plaintiff sought review from the Appeals Council, 

which was subsequently denied, thus rendering the ALJ's decision final. Tr. 1-3, 27. Plaintiff 

now seeks judicial review. 

Plaintiff, born on August 30, 1993, tr. 40, graduated from high school with a modified 

diploma and has no relative job experience, tr. 11, 41. Further, he has limited transportation 

options because he does not have a driver's license. Tr. 10-11. At the age of five months, 

Plaintiff was diagnosed with hepatoblastoma, a rare form of childhood liver cancer, tr. 50, and, 

as a result, he received benefits from 1994 to 2002, tr. 8. Plaintiff alleges disability due to the 

longstanding effects of his childhood chemotherapy: balance problems; bilateral sensorineural 

hearing loss; and difficulty comprehending written instructions. Tr. 12-23, 38. Plaintiff was 

nineteen years old at the time of his administrative hearing. Tr. 10, 38. 

STANDARD OF REVIEW 

The reviewing court shall affirm the Commissioner's decision if the decision is based on 

proper legal standards and the legal findings are supported by substantial evidence on the record. 

See 42 U.S.C. § 405(g); Batson v. Comm 'r of Soc. Sec. Admin., 359 F.3d 1190, 1193 (9th Cir. 

2004). To determine whether substantial evidence exists, this Court reviews the administrative 

record as a whole, weighing both the evidence that supports and that which detracts from the 

ALJ's conclusion. Martinez v. Heckler, 807 F.2d 771, 772 (9th Cir. 1986). 

2 - OPINION AND ORDER 

Case 6:14-cv-01219-MC Document 26 Filed 11/04/15 Page 2 of 9
DISCUSSION 

The Social Security Administration utilizes a five-step sequential evaluation to determine 

whether a claimant is disabled. 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1520, 416.920. The initial burden ofproofrests 

upon the claimant to meet the first four steps. If a claimant satisfies his or her burden with 

respect to the first four steps, the burden shifts to the Commissioner for step five. 20 C.F .R. § 

404.1520. At step five, the Commissioner's burden is to demonstrate that the claimant is capable 

of making an adjustment to other work after considering the claimant's RFC, age, education, and 

work experience. Id 

Plaintiff contends that the ALJ' s disability decision is not supported by substantial 

evidence and is based on an application of incorrect legal standards. In particular, Plaintiff argues 

that the ALJ erred in: (1) evaluating Plaintiffs credibility; (2) determining Plaintiffs RFC; and 

(3) failing to elicit VE testimony explaining conflict between the RFC and the DOT. 

I. Plaintiff's Credibility 

Plaintiff contends that the ALJ improperly rejected his testimony. Pl. 's Br. 2, ECF No. 

18. In response, Defendant argues that the ALJ's findings are supported by substantial evidence, 

including objective medical evidence and Plaintiffs hearing testimony. Def.'s Br. 10-15, ECF 

No. 19. 

An ALJ must consider a claimant's symptom testimony, including statements regarding 

pain and workplace limitations. See 20 CFR §§ 404.1529, 416.929. "In deciding whether to 

accept [this] testimony, an ALJ must perform two stages of analysis: the Cotton analysis and an 

analysis of the credibility of the claimant's testimony regarding the severity of her symptoms." 

3 - OPINION AND ORDER 

Case 6:14-cv-01219-MC Document 26 Filed 11/04/15 Page 3 of 9
Smolen v. Chater, 80 F.3d 1273, 1281 (9th Cir. 1996). If a claimant meets the Cotton analysis1 

and there is no evidence of malingering, "the ALJ can reject the claimant's testimony about the 

severity of her symptoms only by offering specific, clear and convincing reasons for doing so." 

Id. (citing Dodrill v. Shala/a, 12 F.3d 915, 918 (9th Cir. 1993)). This Court "may not engage in 

second-guessing," Thomas v. Barnhart, 278 F.3d 947, 959 (9th Cir. 2002) (citations omitted), 

and "must uphold the ALJ' s decision where the evidence is susceptible to more than one rational 

interpretation," Andrews v. Shala/a, 53 F.3d 1035, 1039-40 (9th Cir. 1995) (citations omitted). 

The ALJ found Plaintiff not credible to the extent that his statements were inconsistent 

with the RFC. Tr. 38. In making this determination, the ALJ relied on three bases, including: (1) 

Plaintiffs failure to complete recommended follow-up treatment; (2) Plaintiffs failure to pursue 

vocational rehabilitation services; and (3) Plaintiffs activities of daily living. See Pl.'s Br. 16-

20, ECF No. 18. 

First, as to the failure to complete follow-up treatment, the ALJ found that: 

The claimant's allegations are not fully credible because the record reveals 

the claimant failed to follow-up on recommendations made by medical 

providers. In 2010, Dr. Doucette recommended the claimant undergo 

vestibular rehabilitation. However, he did not pursue the recommended 

treatment. Of note, a lack of resources to pursue such treatment is not an 

issue, as the claimant testified having health insurance. The claimant's 

lack of treatment suggests his symptoms are not as serious as alleged. 

Tr. 39 (citations omitted). Plaintiff argues that this finding is erroneous because he is unable to 

travel to the recommended treatment center in Springfield, Oregon, which is more than forty 

miles from Plaintiffs home. Pl.' s Br. 17, ECF No. 18. Plaintiff relies on a treatment note by a 

treating physician suggesting that rehabilitation in Springfield, Oregon, "wasn't feasible." Pl.' s 

1 "The Cotton test imposes only two requirements on the claimant: (1) she must produce objective medical evidence 

of an impairment or impairments; and (2) she must show that the impairment or combination of impairments could 

reasonably be expected to (not that it did in fact) produce some degree of symptom." Smolen, 80 F.3d at 1282 (citing 

Cotton v. Bowen, 799 F.2d 1403, 1407-08 (9th Cir. 1986)). 

4 - OPINION AND ORDER 

Case 6:14-cv-01219-MC Document 26 Filed 11/04/15 Page 4 of 9
Br. 17, ECF No. 18 (quoting tr. 381). That note, however, reflects Plaintiffs own subjective 

reports, not an independent objective assessment. In any event, Plaintiff has demonstrated an 

ability to use public transportation. See tr. 181 ("[H]e relies on bike, bus, or family for [his] 

transportation needs."). An ALJ may reject a claimant's testimony regarding the severity of his 

symptoms based on the claimant's failure to seek medical attention. See Chavez v. Dep 't of 

Health & Human Servs., 103 F.3d 849, 853 (9th Cir. 1996). Therefore, the ALJ's consideration 

of Plaintiffs failure to participate in follow-up treatment was proper. 

Second, as to Plaintiffs withdrawal from rehabilitation services, the ALJ found that 

"[t]he record shows ... that services were discontinued no[t] because it was determined that 

claimant could not or should not work, but because 'he and his father feel that he should not 

pursue employment at this time."' Tr. 39-40 (quoting tr. 163). Plaintiff argues that he chose to 

discontinue vocational rehabilitation services because the vocational rehabilitation services team 

was concerned that he would injure himself on the work-site due to an unexplained fall. Pl.'s Br. 

18, ECF No. 18 (quoting tr. 163). Nonetheless, there is no evidence in the record that Plaintiff 

attempted to work but, due to his unexplained falls, was forced to stop. As a result, the ALJ 

properly considered Plaintiffs lack of motivation in assessing Plaintiffs credibility. See Thomas, 

278 F.3d at 959 (concluding that an ALJ properly considered a claimant's propensity to work in 

evaluating that claimant's subjective testimony). 

Third, as to Plaintiffs daily activities, the ALJ found that Plaintiffs activities were 

inconsistent with his alleged degree of impairment. Tr. 40. The ALJ explained: 

[T]he claimant's daily activities are not limited to the extent one would 

expect, given the complaints of disabling symptoms and limitations. He 

reported caring for his personal needs. He testified to performing 

household chores (e.g., putting dishes away, making bed, doing laundry). 

He said he usually prepared dinner. He testified that his hobbies included 

5 - OPINION AND ORDER 

Case 6:14-cv-01219-MC Document 26 Filed 11/04/15 Page 5 of 9
playing video games and reading. He regularly went to church on Sundays 

and volunteered at an animal shelter for two hours every other week. He 

testified his duties at the shelter included feeding and caring for the 

animals, and cleaning cages. Of note, he testified the only reason why he 

did not volunteer at the animal shelter full-time was that he did not have 

daily transportation to and from the facility. 

Tr. 40. Plaintiff challenges this assessment, albeit indirectly, on two bases: (1) the ALJ 

improperly evaluated Plaintiffs testimony regarding the frequency of his falls; and (2) the ALJ 

misinterpreted Plaintiffs statements relating to his ability to work at an animal shelter. See Pl.'s 

Br. 19-20, ECF No. 18. Neither challenge is supported by the record. 

Plaintiff argues that the ALJ improperly discredited his hearing testimony that he falls 

between two and three time each day. See Pl.'s Br. 19-20, ECF No. 18; see also tr. 19. This 

testimony, however, conflicted with Plaintiffs prior reporting to treatment providers. See tr. 250 

(April 2010, one to two times per week); tr. 183 (July 2010, ten times per year); tr. 193 

(September 2010, seven times per year); tr. 333 (October 2012, seven times per year); tr. 338 

(December 2012, four times per month); tr. 19 (January 2013, two to three times per day). An 

ALJ may consider such inconsistent statements in evaluating a claimant's credibility. See 

Smolen, 80 F.3d at 1284. 

Plaintiff also argues that the ALJ misinterpreted his hearing testimony. That testimony 

provides, in relevant part: 

[ALJ] All right. Mr. Gant, why do you think you couldn't work at the 

animal shelter all the time? 

[Plaintiff] Because I have no transportation on getting there. 

[ALJ] Okay. If someone would - could pick you up and take you though, 

could you work with the animals every day? 

[Plaintiff] Yeah. 

6 - OPINION AND ORDER 

Case 6:14-cv-01219-MC Document 26 Filed 11/04/15 Page 6 of 9
Tr. 12. Plaintiff contends that when the ALJ asked ifhe could work "all the time," he presumed 

that the ALJ meant two hours each day, the length of time he currently volunteers every other 

week. See Pl.'s Br. 19-20, ECF No. 18. Plaintiffs subjective interpretation of his response does 

not preclude an interpretation that is otherwise rationale. See Andrews, 53 F.3d at 1039-40. 

Therefore, the ALJ did not err in his interpretation of Plaintiffs testimony. 

In sum, the ALJ properly considered Plaintiffs failure to pursue follow-up treatment, 

withdrawal from rehabilitation services, and daily activities, and, therefore, properly discredited 

Plaintiffs statements to the extent they were inconsistent with the RFC. 

II. Plaintiff's RFC 

Plaintiff argues that the ALJ' s RFC findings do not account for Plaintiffs unexplained 

falls. Pl.'s Br. 5-9, ECF No. 18. That limitation, however, is incorporated into the RFC. For 

example, the ALJ determined that Plaintiff "should not stand or walk more than I-hour in a[ n] 8-

hour workday [and] should not stand in one place unless for very short periods with adequate 

support." Tr. 37. Because Plaintiffs unexplained falls and other limitations are accounted for in 

the RFC, this Court will not disrupt the ALJ's findings. 2 

Plaintiff also argues that he is unemployable because of prospective employer concern 

with the liability associated with his unexplained falls. See Pl.' s Br. 9-10, ECF No. 18 (citing tr. 

25). That is not the inquiry before this Court. Rather, this Court must determine whether the ALJ 

erred in evaluating Plaintiffs ability to physically and mentally perform work regardless of 

2 Plaintiff also notes that the hypothetical presented to the VE during the hearing was more restrictive than the ALJ's 

written RFC. The only difference between the hypothetical, tr. 23-24, and the written RFC, tr. 37, is that during the 

hearing the VE specified that the one hour of standing or walking "would be the time the individual would use to get 

to and from the workstation, to and from the bathroom, or to [go] to breaks," tr. 23. Such a discrepancy is not 

substantial as it has no bearing on the resulting limitation. Therefore, to the extent that a discrepancy exists, such a 

discrepancy is harmless. 

7 - OPINION AND ORDER 

Case 6:14-cv-01219-MC Document 26 Filed 11/04/15 Page 7 of 9
whether Plaintiff would be hired ifhe applied for work. See 42 U.S.C. § 423(d)(2)(A). Therefore, 

the ALJ did not err in disregarding prospective employer concerns about liability. 

III. Conflict between the VE Testimony and DOT Position Descriptions 

Plaintiff contends that the ALJ failed to elicit VE testimony explaining conflict between 

the RFC articulated by the ALJ and the DOT descriptions associated with positions identified by 

the VE. During the administrative hearing, the VE identified three positions that Plaintiff could 

perform under the RFC, including: inserter of paper goods, DOT§ 794.687-058; hand banding, 

DOT§ 920.687-026;3 and sorter in photo finishing, DOT§ 976.687-018. Because the VE did not 

discuss whether the photo finishing position had a sitting option,4 this Court's inquiry is limited to 

two positions: inserter of paper goods and hand bander. 

Plaintiff argues that he is unable to perform either position because both are described as 

"light work," which is defined in the DOT as requiring six hours of standing each day. See Pl.'s 

Br. 13-14, ECF No. 18. Plaintiffs argument mischaracterizes the DOT's definition oflight 

work. The DOT recognizes three distinct categories of light work, including a second category 

that "requires sitting most of the time" and "pushing and/or pulling of arm or leg controls." DOT 

App. C, 1991 WL 688792 (1991 ). Plaintiff testified that he does not experience balance 

problems while sitting, and that, while sitting, he is able to perform tasks using his hands. Tr. 13. 

Therefore, according to Plaintiffs own testimony, he can perform work that falls within the 

DOT' s second categorical description of light work. 

3 During the administrative hearing, the VE incorrectly identified the hand banding position as DOT§ 902.687-026, 

instead of DOT § 920.687-026. Plaintiff argues that this error requires remand under Davis v. Astrue, No. CV l 0-

742-SI, 2012 WL 10512, at *1 (D. Or. Jan. 3, 2012). This Court is not persuaded. Unlike in Davis, the VE correctly 

identified the position by its proper title. 4 During the administrative hearing, the VE incorrectly identified the sorter in photo finishing position as sedentary 

work, instead of light work as defined in the DOT. See DOT§ 976.687-018. Because the VE did not address 

whether a sitting option is available in this position, this Court declines to consider the number of positions available 

for this occupation. 

8 - OPINION AND ORDER 

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Plaintiff also argues that there is an unexplained conflict between the ALJ's RFC and the 

DOT descriptions for the inserter of paper goods and hand bander positions. Pl.' s Br. 15, ECF 

No. 18. If such a conflict is apparent, then the ALJ must elicit "a reasonable explanation for the 

conflict" from the VE. SSR 00-4P, 2000 WL 1898704 (Dec. 4, 2000); see also Johnson v. 

Shala/a, 60 F.3d 1428, 1434-35 (9th Cir. 1995). As discussed above, there is not a conflict 

between the RFC and "light work" as defined in the DOT. Nor is there a conflict between the 

RFC and the DOT descriptions. Those descriptions do not explicitly state whether sitting or 

standing is required. To the extent that conflict can be inferred, the VE explained that both 

positions included sitting options. See tr. 24. 

CONCLUSION 

For these reasons, the Commissioner's final decision is AFFIRMED. 

IT IS SO ORDERED. 

DA TED this 'f 

9 - OPINION AND ORDER 

day ofNovember, 2015. 

L L·1---I -- Michael J. McShane 

United States District Judge 

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