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                    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
 Sugarbeet Research: Fargo, ND
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ARS Home Plains Area Fargo, North Dakota Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center Sugarbeet Research People & Locations







Melvin  Bolton

                                                                (PhD)
                        Sugarbeet Research

                        




                        
                        Research Plant Pathologist
                        Phone: (701) 239-1373
                        
                        
                        Fax: (701) 239-1349(Employee information on this page comes from the REE Directory. Please contact your front office staff to update the REE Directory.)
                            ProjectsImproving Sugarbeet Productivity and Sustainability through Genetic, Genomic, Physiological, and Phytopathological Approaches
                                                    In-House Appropriated
                                                                    (D)Accession Number: 444181SSBRI Improving sugar beet production through greater understanding of light-mediated crop-weed interactions
                                                    Non-Assistance Cooperative Agreement
                                                                    (S)Accession Number: 444689SSBRI Using Nanotechnology to Enhance Fungicide Efficacy and Duration for Sugarbeet Disease Control
                                                    Non-Assistance Cooperative Agreement
                                                                    (S)Accession Number: 444691SSBRI Integrating Cover Crops into High Plain and Intermountain West Sugar Beets for Management of Herbicide-Resistant Weeds
                                                    Non-Assistance Cooperative Agreement
                                                                    (S)Accession Number: 444693SSBRI Non-destructive Sugar Beet Yield Estimation Using Ground Penetrating Radar for Breeding and Harvest Management
                                                    Non-Assistance Cooperative Agreement
                                                                    (S)Accession Number: 444694SSBRI Intelligence On-farm Sugarbeet Weed Management Solution Based on Edge AI and Unmanned Automation Systems (UAV and UGV)
                                                    Non-Assistance Cooperative Agreement
                                                                    (S)Accession Number: 444695SSBRI A Comprehensive Model for Cercospora Leaf Spot Risk Management
                                                    Non-Assistance Cooperative Agreement
                                                                    (S)Accession Number: 444696SSBRI Disrupting Beet Curly Top Virus Transmission by Targeting Critical Genes in Beet Leafhopper Using Nanoparticle-Mediated RNAi Delivery
                                                    Non-Assistance Cooperative Agreement
                                                                    (S)Accession Number: 444697SSBRI Novel Palmer Amaranth Management Tools Using RNA-targeting with FANA Antisense Oligonucleotides
                                                    Non-Assistance Cooperative Agreement
                                                                    (S)Accession Number: 444698Sugarbeet Harvester
                                                    Non-Assistance Cooperative Agreement
                                                                    (S)Accession Number: 445077New Strategies for Management of Cercospora Leaf Spot and Rhizomania Diseases of Sugarbeet
                                                    Non-Assistance Cooperative Agreement
                                                                    (S)Accession Number: 440113Genomics-assisted Disease Resistance Gene Mining of the Sugar Beet Wild Relative Beta corolliflora
                                                    Non-Assistance Cooperative Agreement
                                                                    (S)Accession Number: 440547**Publications**
                                                (Clicking on the reprint icon
                                                    Reprint Icon
                                                    will take you to the publication reprint.)The complete and gapless genome of the sugarbeet pathogen Cercospora beticola
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Wyatt, N.A., Spanner, R., Bolton, M.D. 2023. The complete and gapless genome of the sugarbeet pathogen Cercospora beticola. PhytoFrontiers. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTOFR-11-23-0146-A.Development of STARP marker platform for flexible SNP genotyping in sugarbeet
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Tehssen, M., Zheng, Y., Wyatt, N.A., Bolton, M.D., Yang, S., Xu, S.S., Li, X., Chu, C.N. 2023. Development of STARP marker platform for flexible SNP genotyping in sugarbeet. Agronomy Journal. 13(5):1359. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13051359.First report of Pepper yellow dwarf strain of Beet curly top virus and spinach curly top Arizona virus in red table beet in Idaho, United States
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Ramachandran, V., Wyatt, N.A., Rivera Santiago, E.E., Neher, O.T., Weiland, J.J., Bolton, M.D. 2023. First report of Pepper yellow dwarf virus, Spinach curly top Arizona virus, and Beet necrotic yellow vein virus in red table beet in Idaho, United States. Plant Disease. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-12-22-2855-PDN.Potential of publicly available Beta vulgaris germplasm for sustainable sugarbeet improvement indicated by combining analysis of genetic diversity and historic resistance evaluation
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Tehseen, M., Poore Fonseka, R.C., Fugate, K.K., Bolton, M.D., Ramachandran, V., Wyatt, N.A., Li, X., Chu, C.N. 2023. Potential of publicly available Beta vulgaris germplasm for sustainable sugarbeet improvement indicated by combining analysis of genetic diversity and historic resistance evaluation. Crop Science. 63(4):2255-2273. https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.20978.Resistance to QoI and DMI fungicides does not reduce virulence of Cercospora beticola isolates in North Central USA
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Liu, Y., Del Rio Mendoza, L.E., Qi, A., Lakshman, D.K., Bhuiyan, Z.M., Wyatt, N., Neubauer, J., Bolton, M., Khan, M. 2023. Resistance to QoI and DMI fungicides does not reduce virulence of Cercospora beticola isolates in North Central USA. Plant Disease.  https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-11-21-2583-RE.High throughput sequencing-aided molecular characterization of resistance-breaking variants of Beet necrotic yellow vein virus in the United States

- (Abstract Only)First report of tomato bushy stunt virus naturally infecting sugar beet in the United States
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Ramachandran, V., Wyatt, N.A., Rivera Santiago, E.E., Barth, H.P., Bloomquist, M., Weiland, J., Bolton, M.D. 2023. First report of tomato bushy stunt virus naturally infecting sugar beet in the United States. Plant Disease. 107(6):1957. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-11-22-2530-PDN.Bacterial endophytes as indicators of susceptibility to Cercospora Leaf Spot (CLS) disease in Beta vulgaris L
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Broccanello, C., Bolton, M.D., Secor, G., Richards, C.M., Ravi, S., Concheri, G., Campagna, G., Squartini, A., Stevanato, P. 2022. Bacterial endophytes as indicators of susceptibility to Cercospora Leaf Spot (CLS) disease in Beta vulgaris L. Scientific Reports. 12. Article e10719. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-14769-8.The unsung roles of microbial secondary metabolite effectors in the plant disease cacophony
                                                        

- (Review Article)Rangel, L., Bolton, M.D. 2022. The unsung roles of microbial secondary metabolite effectors in the plant disease cacophony. Current Opinion in Plant Biology. 68. Article e102233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbi.2022.102233.Mechanism of sugarbeet seed germination enhanced by hydrogen peroxide
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Chu, C.N., Poore, R.C., Bolton, M.D., Fugate, K.K. 2022. Mechanism of sugarbeet seed germination enhanced by hydrogen peroxide. Frontiers in Plant Science. 13. Article e888519. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.888519.Characterization of the molecular mechanisms of resistance against DMI fungicides in Cercospora beticola populations from the Czech Republic
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Kumar, R., Mazakova, J., Ali, A., Sur, V., Sen, M., Bolton, M.D., Manasova, M., Rysanek, P., Zouhar, M. 2021. Characterization of the molecular mechanisms of resistance against DMI fungicides in Cercospora beticola populations from the Czech Republic. The Journal of Fungi. 7(12). Article e1062. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof7121062.Seed-borne Cercospora beticola can initiate Cercospora leaf spot in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) fruit tissue
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Spanner, R., Neubauer, J., Heick, T.M., Grusak, M.A., Hamilton, O., Rivera-Varas, V., De Jonge, R., Pethybridge, S., Webb, K.M., Leubner-Metzger, G., Secor, G.A., Bolton, M.D. 2022. Seed-borne Cercospora beticola can initiate Cercospora leaf spot in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) fruit tissue. Phytopathology. 112:1016-1028. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-03-21-0113-R.Genome-wide association and selective sweep studies reveal the complex genetic architecture of DMI fungicide resistance in Cercospora beticola
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Spanner, R., Taliadoros, D., Richards, J., Rivera-Varas, V., Neubauer, J., Natwick, M.B., Hamilton, O., Vaghefi, N., Pethybridge, S., Secor, G.A., Friesen, T.L., Stukenbrock, E.H., Bolton, M.D. 2021. Genome-wide association and selective sweep studies reveal the complex genetic architecture of DMI fungicide resistance in Cercospora beticola. Genome Biology and Evolution. 13(9). https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evab209.Fungal social influencers: Secondary metabolites as a platform for shaping the plant-associated community
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Rangel, L., Hamilton, O., De Jonge, R., Bolton, M.D. 2021. Fungal social influencers: Secondary metabolites as a platform for shaping the plant-associated community. The Plant Journal. 108(3):632-645. https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.15490.CRISPR-based isothermal next-generation diagnostic method for virus detection in sugarbeet
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Ramachandran, V., Weiland, J.J., Bolton, M.D. 2021. CRISPR-based isothermal next-generation diagnostic method for virus detection in sugarbeet. Frontiers in Microbiology. 12. Article e679994. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.679994.Identification and characterization of Cercospora beticola necrosis-inducing effector CbNip1
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Ebert, M.K., Rangel, L., Wang, X., Friesen, T.L., De Jonge, R., Neubauer, J., Secor, G., Thomma, B., Bolton, M.D. 2021. Identification and characterization of Cercospora beticola necrosis-inducing effector CbNip1. Molecular Plant Pathology. 22:301-316. https://doi.org/10.1111/mpp.13026.RNAseq analysis of rhizomania-infected sugar beet provides the first genome sequence of beet necrotic yellow vein virus from the USA and identifies a novel Alphanecrovirus and putative satellite viruses
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Weiland, J.J., Sharma Poudel, R., Flobinus, A., Cook, D., Secor, G., Bolton, M.D. 2020. RNAseq analysis of rhizomania-infected sugar beet provides the first genome sequence of beet necrotic yellow vein virus from the USA and identifies a novel Alphanecrovirus and putative satellite viruses. Viruses. 12(6):626. https://doi.org/10.3390/v12060626.Cercospora beticola: The intoxicating lifestyle of the leaf spot pathogen of sugar beet
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Rangel, L., Spanner, R.E., Ebert, M., Pethybridge, S.J., Stukenbrock, E.H., De Jonge, R., Secor, G.A., Bolton, M.D. 2020. Cercospora beticola: The intoxicating lifestyle of the leaf spot pathogen of sugar beet. Molecular Plant Pathology. 21:1020-1041. https://doi.org/10.1111/mpp.12962.Rapid detection of Cercospora beticola in sugar beet and mutations associated with fungicide resistance using LAMP or probe-based qPCR
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Shrestha, S., Neubauer, J., Spanner, R., Natwick, M.B., Rios, J., Metz, N., Secor, G., Bolton, M.D. 2020. Rapid detection of Cercospora beticola in sugar beet and mutations associated with fungicide resistance using LAMP or probe-based qPCR. Plant Disease. 104:6. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-09-19-2023-RE.Phylogenetic relationships and virulence assays of Fusarium secorum from sugar beet suggests a new look at species designations
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Webb, K.M., Shrestha, S., Trippe III, R.C., Rivera-Varas, V., Covey, P.A., Freeman, C.N., De Jonge, R., Secor, G.A., Bolton, M.D. 2019. Phylogenetic relationships and virulence assays of Fusarium secorum from sugar beet suggests a new look at species designations. Plant Pathology. 68(9):1654-1662. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppa.13082.Prevalence and distribution of beet necrotic yellow vein virus strains in North Dakota and Minnesota
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Weiland, J.J., Bornemann, K., Neubauer, J., Khan, M., Bolton, M.D. 2019. Prevalence and distribution of beet necrotic yellow vein virus strains in North Dakota and Minnesota. Plant Disease. 103:2083-2089. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-02-19-0360-RE.Genetic diversity and structure in regional Cercospora beticola populations from Beta vulgaris ssp. vulgaris suggest two clusters of separate origin
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Knight, N.L., Vaghefi, N., Kikkert, J.R., Bolton, M.D., Secor, G.A., Rivera, V.V., Hanson, L.E., Nelson, S.C., Pethybridge, S.J. 2019. Genetic diversity and structure in regional Cercospora beticola populations from Beta vulgaris ssp. vulgaris suggest two clusters of separate origin. Phytopathology. 109:1280-1292. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-07-18-0264-R.Mass spectrometry-based metabolomic discrimination of Cercospora leaf spot resistant and susceptible sugar beet germplasms
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Heidari, B., Miras Moreno, M., Lucini, L., Bolton, M.D., McGrath, J.M., Broccanello, C., Alberti, I., Sella, L., Concheri, G., Stevanato, P. 2019. Mass spectrometry-based metabolomic discrimination of Cercospora leaf spot resistant and susceptible sugar beet germplasms. Euphytica. 215:25. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-019-2351-3.Gene cluster conservation identifies melanin and perylenequinone biosynthesis pathways in multiple plant pathogenic fungi
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Ebert, M.K., Spanner, R.E., De Jonge, R., Smith, D.J., Holthusen, J.E., Secor, G.A., Thomma, B.P., Bolton, M.D. 2019. Gene cluster conservation identifies melanin and perylenequinone biosynthesis pathways in multiple plant pathogenic fungi. Environmental Microbiology. 21(3):913-927. https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.14475.Gene cluster conservation provides insight into cercosporin biosynthesis and extends production to the genus Colletotrichum

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Dejonge, R., Ebert, M., Huitt-Roehl, C., Pal, P., Suttle, J.C., Spanner, R.E., Neubauer, J., Jurick II, W.M., Stott, K.A., Secor, G.A., Thomma, B.P., Van De Peer, Y., Townsend, C.A., Bolton, M.D. 2018. Gene cluster conservation provides insight into cercosporin biosynthesis and extends production to the genus Colletotrichum. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 115(24):E5459-E5466.Microbial small molecules – weapons of plant subversion

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Stringlis, I., Zhang, H., Pieterse, C.M., Bolton, M.D., De Jonge, R. 2018. Microbial small molecules – weapons of plant subversion. Natural Product Reports. 35:410-433.Cryptic diversity, pathogenicity, and evolutionary species boundaries in Cercospora populations associated with Cercospora leaf spot of Beta vulgaris
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Vaghefi, N., Kikkert, J.R., Hay, F.S., Carver, G.D., Koenick, L.B., Bolton, M.D., Hanson, L.E., Secor, G.A., Pethybridge, S.J. 2018. Cryptic diversity, pathogenicity, and evolutionary species boundaries in Cercospora populations associated with Cercospora leaf spot of Beta vulgaris. Fungal Biology. 122:264-282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funbio.2018.01.008.Tools of the crook – infection strategies of fungal plant pathogens

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Rodriguez-Morena, L., Ebert, M.K., Bolton, M.D., Thomma, B.P.H.J. 2018. Tools of the crook – infection strategies of fungal plant pathogens. The Plant Journal. 93(4):664-674.High-throughput SuperSAGE for gene expression analysis of Nicotiana tabacum - Rhizoctonia solani interaction
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Portieles, R., Ochagavia, M.E., Canales, E., Silva, Y., Chacon, O., Hernandez, I., Lopez, Y., Rodriguez, M., Terauchi, R., Borroto, C., Santos, R., Bolton, M.D., Ayra-Pardo, C., Borras-Hidalgo, O. 2017. High-throughput SuperSAGE for gene expression analysis of Nicotiana tabacum - Rhizoctonia solani interaction. BMC Research Notes. doi:10.1186/s13104-017-2934-9.Global genotype flow in Cercospora beticola populations confirmed through genotyping-by-sequencing

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Vaghefi, N., Kikkert, J.R., Bolton, M.D., Hanson, L.E., Secor, G.A., Nelson, S.C., Pethybridge, S.J. 2017. Global genotype flow in Cercospora beticola populations confirmed through genotyping-by-sequencing. PLoS One. 12(10): e0186488. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0186488.Short- and long-term changes in sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.) gene expression after postharvest jasmonic acid treatment

- (Other)De Oliveira, L.S., Fugate, K.K., Ferrareze, J.P., Bolton, M.D., Deckard, E.L., Finger, F.L. 2017. Short- and long-term changes in sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.) gene expression after postharvest jasmonic acid treatment. Data in Brief. 11:165-168.De novo genome assembly of Cercospora beticola for microsatellite marker development and validation

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Vaghefi, N., Kikkert, J.R., Bolton, M.D., Hanson, L.E., Secor, G.A., Pethybridge, S.J. 2017. De novo genome assembly of Cercospora beticola for microsatellite marker development and validation. Fungal Ecology. 26:123-134.Jasmonic acid causes short- and long-term alterations to the transcriptome and the expression of defense genes in sugarbeet roots

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Fugate, K.K., DeOliveira, L.S., Ferrareze, J.P., Bolton, M.D., Deckard, E.L., Finger, F.L. 2017. Jasmonic acid causes short- and long-term alterations to the transcriptome and the expression of defense genes in sugarbeet roots. Journal Plant Gene. 9:50-63.Stability of tetraconazole-resistant isolates of Cercospora beticola after exposure to different temperature and time treatments

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Arabiat, S., Khan, M.F., Bolton, M.D., Secor, G. 2017. Stability of tetraconazole-resistant isolates of Cercospora beticola after exposure to different temperature and time treatments. Journal of Plant Pathology. 99(1):177-184.RNA-Sequencing of Cercospora beticola DMI-sensitive and -resistant isolates after treatment with tetraconazole identifies common and contrasting pathway induction

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Bolton, M.D., Ebert, M.K., Faino, L., Rivera-Varas, V., de Jonge, R., Van de Peer, Y., Thomma, B.P.H.J., Secor, G.A. 2016. RNA-Sequencing of Cercospora beticola DMI-sensitive and -resistant isolates after treatment with tetraconazole identifies common and contrasting pathway induction. Fungal Genetics and Biology. 92:1-13.Mind the gap; seven reasons to close fragmented genome assemblies

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Thomma, B., Seidl, M., Shi-Kunne, Z., Cook, D., Bolton, M.D., Vankan, J., Faino, L. 2016. Mind the gap; seven reasons to close fragmented genome assemblies. Fungal Genetics and Biology. 90:24-30.The genome of the saprophytic fungus Verticillium tricorpus reveals a complex effector repertoire largely resembling its pathogenic relatives

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Seidl, M.F., Faino, L., Van Den Berg, G.C., Bolton, M.D., Thomma, B.P. 2015. The genome of the saprophytic fungus Verticillium tricorpus reveals a complex effector repertoire largely resembling that of its pathogenic relatives. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions. 28(3):362-373.Characterization of Fusarium secorum, a new species causing Fusarium yellowing decline of sugar beet in North Central USA

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Secor, G., Rivera-Varas, V., Christ, D.S., Mathew, F.M., Khan, M.F., Varrelmann, M., Bolton, M.D. 2014. Characterization of Fusarium secorum, a new species causing Fusarium yellowing decline of sugar beet in North Central USA. Fungal Biology. 118:764-755.Generation and characterization of a sugarbeet transcriptome and transcript-based SSR markers

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Fugate, K.K., Fajardo, D., Schlautman, B., Ferrareze, J.P., Bolton, M.D., Campbell, L.G., Wiesman, E.C., Zalapa, J.E. 2014. Generation and characterization of a sugarbeet transcriptome and transcript-based SSR markers. The Plant Genome. 7(2) doi: 10.3835/plantgenome2013.11.0038.First report of QoI-insensitive powdery mildew (Erysiphe polygoni) on sugarbeet in the United States

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Bolton, M.D., Neher, O.T. 2014. First report of QoI-insensitive powdery mildew (Erysiphe polygoni) on sugarbeet in the United States. Plant Disease. 98(7):1004.The heterothallic sugarbeet pathogen Cercospora beticola contains exon fragments of both MAT genes that are homogenized by concerted evolution

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Bolton, M.D., Dejonge, R., Inderbitzin, P., Liu, Z., Birla, K., Vandepeer, Y., Subbarao, K.V., Thomma, B.P., Secor, G.A. 2014. The heterothallic sugarbeet pathogen Cercospora beticola contains exon fragments of both MAT genes that are homogenized by concerted evolution. Fungal Genetics and Biology. 62:43-54.Molecular characterization and detection of mutations associated with resistance to succinate dehydrogenase inhibiting (SDHI) fungicides in Alternaria solani

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Mallik, I., Arabiat, S., Pasche, J.S., Bolton, M.D., Patel, J.S., Gudmestad, N.C. 2014. Molecular characterization and detection of mutations associated with resistance to succinate dehydrogenase inhibiting (SDHI) fungicides in Alternaria solani. Phytopathology. 104(1):40-49.Postharvest salicylic acid treatment reduces storage rots in water-stressed but no unstressed sugarbeet roots

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Fugate, K.K., Ferrareze, J.P., Bolton, M.D., Deckard, E.L., Campbell, L.G., Finger, F.L. 2013. Postharvest salicylic acid treatment reduces storage rots in water-stressed but not unstressed sugarbeet roots. Postharvest Biology and Technology. 85:162-166.Identification of the G143A mutation in cytochrome b associated with QoI resistance in Cercospora beticola isolates from the Red River Valley

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Bolton, M.D., Rivera-Varas, V., Secor, G.A., Cattanach, A.W., Metzger, M.S. 2013. Identification of the G143A mutation in cytochrome b associated with QoI resistance in Cercospora beticola isolates from the Red River Valley. Plant Health Progress. doi:10.1094/PHP-2013-0812-02-RS.First evidence of a binucleate Rhizoctonia as the causal agent of dry rot canker of sugar beet in Nebraska, USA

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Harveson, R.M., Bolton, M.D. 2013. First evidence of a binucleate Rhizoctonia as the causal agent of dry rot canker of sugar beet in Nebraska. Plant Disease. 97:1508.Extensive chromosomal reshuffling drives evolution of virulence in an asexual pathogen

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)De Jong, R., Bolton, M.D., Kombrink, A., Yadeta, K.A., Van Den Berg, G.C., Thomma, B.P. 2013. Extensive chromosomal reshuffling drives evolution of virulence in an asexual pathogen. Genome Research. 23:1271-1282.Jasmonic acid does not increase oxidative defense mechanisms or common defense-related enzymes in postharvest sugarbeet roots

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Ferrareze, J.P., Fugate, K.K., Bolton, M.D., Deckard, E.L., Campbell, L.G., Finger, F. 2013. Jasmonic acid does not increase oxidative defense mechanisms or common defense-related enzymes in postharvest sugarbeet roots. Postharvest Biology and Technology. 77:11-18.Molecular and Cytological aspects of native periderm maturation in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Neubauer, J., Lulai, E.C., Thompson, A.L., Suttle, J.C., Bolton, M.D., Campbell, L.G. 2013. Molecular and Cytological aspects of native periderm maturation in potato tubers. Journal of Plant Physiology. 170:413-423.Use of jasmonic acid and salicylic acid to inhibit growth of sugarbeet storage rot pathogens

- (Abstract Only)Fugate, K.K., Ferrareze, J.P., Bolton, M.D. 2013. Use of jasmonic acid and salicylic acid to inhibit growth of sugarbeet storage rot pathogens [abstract.] Journal of Sugar Beet Research. 50:51.Molecular basis of fungicide resistance in Cercospora beticola

- (Abstract Only)Bolton, M.D., Secor, G.A., Rivera-Varas, V., Khan, M.F. 2013. Molecular basis of fungicide resistance in Cercospora beticola [abstract.] Journal of Sugar Beet Research. 50:62-63.Characterization of cytochrome b from European field isolates of Cercospora beticola with quinone outside inhibitor resistance

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Birla, K., Rivera-Varas, V., Secor, G.A., Khan, M.F.R., Bolton, M.D. 2012. Characterization of cytochrome b from European field isolates of Cercospora beticola with quinone outside inhibitor resistance. European Journal of Plant Pathology. 134(3):475-488.Efficacy of variable tetraconazole rates against Cercospora beticola isolates with differing in vitro sensitivities to DMI fungicides

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Bolton, M.D., Rivera-Varas, V., del Rio Mendoza, L.E., Khan, M., Secor, G.A. 2012. Efficacy of variable tetraconazole rates against Cercospora beticola isolates with differing in vitro sensitivities to DMI fungicides. Plant Disease. 96(12):1749-1756.Identification of the G143A mutation associated with QoI resistance in Cercospora beticola field isolates from Michigan, United States

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Bolton, M.D., Rivera-Varas, V., Secor, G. 2013. Identification of the G143A mutation associated with QoI resistance in Cercospora beticola field isolates from Michigan, United States. Pest Management Science. 69:35-39.Wounding induces expression of genes involved in tuber closing layer and wound-periderm development

- (Abstract Only)Neubauer, J., Lulai, E.C., Thompson, A.L., Suttle, J.C., Bolton, M.D. 2013. Wounding induces expression of genes involved in tuber closing layer and wound-periderm development. American Journal of Potato Research. 90:142.First report of sugar beet cyst nematode, Heterodera schachtii, in North Dakota

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Nelson, B.D., Bolton, M.D., Lopez-Nicora, H.D., Niblack, T.L., Del Rio Mendoza, L. 2012. First confirmed report of sugar beet cyst nematode, Heterodera schachtii, in North Dakota. Plant Disease. 96(5):772.Tomato immune receptor Ve1 recognizes effector of multiple fungal  pathogens uncovered by genome and RNA sequencing

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Dejonge, R., vanEsse, P., Maruthachalam, K., Bolton, M.D., Santhanam, P., Saber, M.K., Zhang, Z., Usami, T., Lievens, B., Subbarao, K.V., Thomma, B.P. 2012. Tomato immune receptor Ve1 recognizes effector of multiple fungal  pathogens uncovered by genome and RNA sequencing. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 109(13):5110-5115.Impact of the soybean cyst nematode on seedling diseases of sugarbeet

- (Proceedings)Rudolph, K., Nelson, B., Bolton, M.D. 2012. Impact of the soybean cyst nematode on seedling diseases of sugarbeet. 2011 Sugarbeet Research and Extension Reports. 42:199-201.Evaluation of the potential for sexual reproduction in field populations of Cercospora beticola from USA

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Bolton, M.D., Secor, G.A., Rivera, V., Weiland, J.J., Rudolph, K., Birla, K., Rengifo, J., Campbell, L.G. 2012. Evaluation of the potential for sexual reproduction in field populations of Cercospora beticola from USA. Fungal Biology. 116:511-521.Control of storage rot by induction of plant defense mechanisms using jasmonic acid and salicylic acid

- (Proceedings)Fugate, K.K., Ferrareze, J.P., Bolton, M.D. 2012. Control of storage rot by induction of plant defense mechanisms using jasmonic acid and salicylic acid. 2011 Sugarbeet Research and Extension Reports. 42:146-148.First report of root rot of Chicory caused by Phytophthora cryptogea in Chile

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Vargas, M., Loyola, C., Zapata, N., Rivera, V., Secor, G., Bolton, M.D., France, A. 2012. First report of root rot of Chicory caused by Phytophthora cryptogea in Chile. Plant Disease. 96(4):591.Wounding coordinately induces cell wall protein, cell cycle and pectin methyl esterase genes involved in tuber closing layer and wound periderm development

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Neubauer, J., Lulai, E.C., Thompson, A.L., Suttle, J.C., Bolton, M.D. 2012. Wounding coordinately induces cell wall protein, cell cycle and pectin methyl esterase genes involved in tuber closing layer and wound periderm development. Journal of Plant Physiology. 169:584-595.Plant Fungal Pathogens: Methods and Protocols

- (Book / Chapter)Bolton, M.D., Thomma, B.P. 2012. Plant Fungal Pathogens: Methods and Protocols. New York, NY: Humana Press. p 648.Characterization of CbCyp51 from field isolates of Cercospora beticola

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Bolton, M.D., Birla, K., Rivera-Varas, V., Rudolph, K.D., Secor, G.A. 2012. Characterization of CbCyp51 from field isolates of Cercospora beticola. Phytopathology. 102(3):298-305.Postharvest jasmonic acid treatment of sugarbeet roots reduces rot due to Botrytis cinerea, Penicillium claviforme, and Phoma betae

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Fugate, K.K., Ferrareze, J.P., Bolton, M.D., Deckard, E.L., Campbell, L.G. 2012. Postharvest jasmonic acid treatment of sugarbeet roots reduces rot due to Botrytis cinerea, Penicillium claviforme, and Phoma betae. Postharvest Biology and Technology. 65:1-4.How filamentous pathogens co-opt plants; the ins and outs of eukaryotic effectors

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Dejonge, R., Bolton, M.D., Thomma, B.P.H.J. 2011. How filamentous pathogens co-opt plants; the ins and outs of fungal effectors. Current Opinion in Plant Biology. 14:400-406.PCR-based detection of fungicide resistance in Cercospora beticola

- (Proceedings)Bolton, M.D., Secor, G., Khan, M.F. 2011. PCR-based detection of fungicide resistance in Cercospora beticola. 2010 Sugarbeet Research and Extension Reports. 41:229-230. Available: http://www.sbreb.org/research/plant/plant10/BoltenPCRBasedCB2010.pdf.Impact of the soybean cyst nematode on seedling diseases of sugarbeet

- (Proceedings)Rudolph, K., Nelson, B., Bolton, M.D. 2011. Impact of the soybean cyst nematode on seedling diseases of sugarbeet. 2010 Sugarbeet Research and Extension Reports. 41:236-238. Available: http://www.sbreb.org/research/plant/plant10/RudolphSCNOnSeedlingDisease2010.pdf.Enhancing crop protection in sugarbeet using molecular technology

- (Trade Journal)Bolton, M.D. 2011. Enhancing crop protection in sugarbeet using molecular technology. Sugar Journal. 73(9):6-8.Jasmonic acid and salicylic acid inhibit growth of three sugarbeet storage rot pathogens

- (Abstract Only)Fugate, K.K., Ferrareze, J.P., Bolton, M.D. 2011. Jasmonic acid and salicylic acid inhibit growth of three sugarbeet storage rot pathogens [abstract.] Journal of Sugar Beet Research. 48:69.Correlating reduction in fungicide sensitivity in C. beticola with loss of disease control

- (Abstract Only)Secor, G.A., Bolton, M.D., Rivera, V.V., Khan, F.R. 2011. Correlating reduction in fungicide sensitivity in C. beticola with loss of disease control [abstract.] Journal of Sugar Beet Research. 48:89-90.Mechanism of DMI resistance in field isolates of Cercospora beticola

- (Abstract Only)Bolton, M.D., Secor, G.A., Rivera, V.V., Birla, K. 2011. Mechanism of DMI resistance in field isolates of Cercospora beticola [abstract.] Journal of Sugar Beet Research. 48:94.Effect of fungicides on disease control, yield and quality of sugarbeet inoculated with different sources of Cercospora beticola inocula

- (Abstract Only)Khan, M.F., Carlson, A.L., Secor, G., Rivera, V.V., Bolton, M.D. 2011. Effect of fungicides on disease control, yield and quality of sugarbeet inoculated with different sources of Cercospora beticola inocula [abstract.] Journal of Sugar Beet Research. 48:85.Construction of hairpin RNA expressing vectors for RNA-mediated gene silencing in fungi

- (Book / Chapter)Zhong, S., Leng, Y., Bolton, M.D. 2012. Construction of hairpin RNA expressing vectors for RNA-mediated gene silencing in fungi. In: Bolton, M.D., Thomma, B.P.H.J. editors. Plant Fungal Pathogens: Methods and Protocols. New York, NY: Humana Press. p. 623-633.Management of Rhizoctonia root and crown rot of subarbeet

- (Research Notes)Khan, M.F., Bolton, M.D. 2010. Management of Rhizoctonia root and crown rot of sugarbeet. North Dakota State University Extension Service Education Materials. PP-1495. Available: http://www.ag.ndsu.edu/pubs/plantsci/pests/pp1495.pdfTiming and Methodology of Application of Azoxystrobin to Control Rhizoctonia Solani in Sugarbeet

- (Abstract Only)Pooran-Desouza, S., Bolton, M.D., Khan, M.F. 2010. Timing and methodology of application of Azoxystrobin to control Rhizoctonia solani in sugarbeet [abstract.] 2010 American Phytopathological Society Abstracts. 100:S102. Available: http://www.apsnet.org/meetings/Documents/2010_Meeting_Abstracts/a10ma601.htm.Soybean Cyst Nematode Infects Roots of Sugar Beet

- (Abstract Only)Rudolph, K.D., Bolton, M.D., Nelson, B.D. 2010. Soybean cyst nematode infects roots of sugar beet [abstract.] 2010 American Phytopathological Society Abstracts. 100:S111. Available: http://www.apsnet.org/meetings/Documents/2010_Meeting_Abstracts/a10ma657.htm.Depth at which Rhizoctonia solani causes infection fo sugar beet

- (Abstract Only)Desouza, S., Bolton, M.D., Khan, M.F. 2010. Depth at which Rhizoctonia solani causes infection of sugar beet [abstract.] American Physical Society North Central Division.  p. 20.Temperature, Moisture, and Fungicide Effects in Managing Rhizoctonia Root and Crown Rot of Sugar Beet

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Bolton, M.D., Panella, L.W., Campbell, L.G., Khan, M.F. 2010. Temperature, Moisture, and Fungicide Effects in Managing Rhizoctonia Root and Crown Rot of Sugar Beet. Phytopathology. 100(7):689-697.Impact of the Soybean Cyst Nematode on Seedling Diseases of Sugarbeet

- (Proceedings)Rudoplh, K.D., Nelson, B.D., Bolton, M.D. 2010. Impact of the Soybean Cyst Nematode on Seedling Diseases of Sugarbeet. 2009 Sugarbeet Research and Extension Reports, Plant Pathology. Available: http://www.sbreb.org/research/plant/plant09/plant09.htmAnalysis of Cercospora Beticola Mating Type Gene Structure in North Central USA

- (Abstract Only)Bolton, M.D., Secor, G., Campbell, L.G., Rivera, V., Rengifo, J., Weiland, J.J. 2009. Analysis of Cercospora Beticola Mating Type Gene Structure in North Central USA [abstract.]  Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions XIV Abstracts. Available: http://www.ismpminet.org/meetings/abstracts/2009/p09ma64.asp.Management of Rhizoctonia Root Rot of Sugarbeet - Fungicide Efficacy and Identification of Environmental Parameters for Disease Development

- (Abstract Only)Bolton, M.D., Khan, M.F. 2009. Management of Rhizoctonia Root Rot of Sugarbeet - Fungicide Efficacy and Identification of Environmental Parameters for Disease Development [abstract]. Phytopathology. 99(6)(Supplement):S14.Rhizomania Resistance in the Tandem Sugar Beet Variety

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)DeTemmerman, N., Anfinrud, M., Meulemans, M., Rick, K., Burkholz, A., DeBruyne, E., Weyens, G., Barnes, S., Horemans, S., Lefebvre, M., Bolton, M.D. 2009. Rhizomania Resistance in the Tandem Sugar Beet Variety. International Sugar Journal. 111(1325):313-317.Secreted effectors of the tomato leaf mould fungus Cladosporium fulvum are virulence factors that target host defense

- (Abstract Only)Van Esse, P., De Jonge, R., Bolton, M.D., Thomma, B. 2009. Secreted Effectors of the Tomato Leaf Mould Fungus Cladosporium Fulvum are Virulence Factors that Target Host Defense [abstract.] 25th Fungal Genetics Conference, March 17-22, 2009, Asilomar, CA. p. 527.The effect of temperature on Rhizoctonia disease development and fungicide efficacy in controlling Rhizoctonia root rot on sugarbeet

- (Abstract Only)Khan, M.F., Qandah, I., Bolton, M.D. 2009. The Effect of Temperature on Rhizoctonia Disease Development and Fungicide Efficacy in Controlling Rhizoctonia Root Rot on Sugarbeet [abstract]. Journal of Sugarbeet Research. 46(1&2):101-102.Rhizomania resistance in the Tandem® sugar beet variety.

- (Abstract Only)Detemmerman, N., Anfinrud, M., Meulemans, M., Burkholz, A., Debruyne, E., Weyens, G., Barnes, S., Horemans, S., Lefebvre, M., Bolton, M.D. 2009. Rhizomania Resistance in the Tandem® Sugar Beet Variety [abstract]. Journal of Sugarbeet Research. 46(1&2):99.The effect of temperature on Rhizoctonia disease development and fungicide efficacy in controlling Rhizoctonia root rot on sugarbeet

- (Proceedings)Khan, M.F., Quandah, I., Bolton, M.D. 2009. The Effect of Temperature on Rhizoctonia Disease Development and Fungicide Efficacy in Controlling Rhizoctonia Root Rot on Sugarbeet. 2008 Sugarbeet Research and Extension Reports. 39:252-254.Primary Metabolism and Plant Defense - Fuel for the Fire

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Bolton, M.D. 2009. Primary Metabolism and Plant Defense - Fuel for the Fire. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions. 22(5):487-497.Transformation of Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum with the Green Fluorescent Protein Gene and Fluorescence of Hyphae in Four Inoculated Hosts

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)deSilva, A.P., Bolton, M.D., Nelson, B.D. 2009. Transformation of Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum with the Green Fluorescent Protein Gene and Fluorescence of Hyphae in Four Inoculated Hosts. Plant Pathology. 48:487-496.Lr34-mediated leaf rust resistance in wheat: transcript profiling reveals a high energetic demand supported by transient recruitment of multiple metabolic pathways

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Bolton, M.D., Kolmer, J.A., Xu, W., Garvin, D.F. 2008. Lr34-Mediated Leaf Rust Resistance in Wheat: Transcript Profiling Reveals a High Energetic Demand Supported by Transient Recruitment of Multiple Metabolic Pathways. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions. 21(12):1515-1527.The Cladosporium fulvum virulence protein Avr2 inhibits host proteases require for basal defense

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)van Esse, H.P., van't Klooster, J.W., Bolton, M.D., Yadeta, K.A., Van Baarlen, P., Boeren, S., Vervoort, J., de Wit, P.J.G.M., Thomma, B.P.H.J. 2008. The Cladosporium fulvum Virulence Protein Avr2 Inhibits Host Proteases Required for Basal Defense. The Plant Cell. 20:1948-1963.The complexity of nitrogen metabolism and nitrogen-regulated gene expression in plant pathogenic fungi

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Bolton, M.D., Thomma, B.P.H.J. 2008. The complexity of nitrogen metabolism and nitrogen-regulated gene expression in plant pathogenic fungi. Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology. 72:104-110.Wheat Leaf Rust Caused by Puccinia triticina

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Bolton, M.D., Kolmer, J.A., Garvin, D.F. 2008. Wheat Leaf Rust Caused by Puccinia triticina. Molecular Plant Pathology. 9(5):563-575.Comparative transcript profiling of Lr1- and Lr34-mediated leaf rust resistance in wheat

- (Abstract Only)Bolton, M.D., Kolmer, J.A., Xu, W.W., Garvin, D.F. 2008. Comparative transcript profiling of Lr1- and Lr34-mediated leaf rust resistance in wheat [abstract]. American Phytopathological Society Annual Meeting, July 26-30, 2008, Minneapolis, Minnesota. p. S24.Comparative transcript profiling of race-specific and non-race specific leaf rust resistance in wheat

- (Abstract Only)Garvin, D.F., Bolton, M.D., Kolmer, J.A. 2008. Comparative transcript profiling of race-specific and non-race specific leaf rust resistance in wheat [abstract]. Plant and Animal Genome Conference XVI, January 12-16, 2008, San Diego, California. p. 321.


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