IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

FOR THE DISTRICT OF OREGON

DANIEL JAMES SILVER,

Plaintiff,

No. 3:14-cv-1047-HZ 

OPINION & ORDER

v.

MULTNOMAH COUNTY, et al, 

Defendants.

Daniel James Silver

15211 SE Division Street

Portland OR, 97238

Pro Se Plaintiff

1 - OPINION & ORDER

Case 3:14-cv-01047-HZ Document 6 Filed 07/31/14 Page 1 of 6
HERNÁNDEZ, District Judge:

On July 1, 2014, Daniel James Silver filed an application to proceed in forma pauperis

(“IFP”) (dkt. #1), a complaint (dkt. #2), and a Motion for Appointment of Counsel (dkt. #3). For 

the reasons stated, Silver’s application to proceed IFP is granted, his complaint is dismissed sua 

sponte for failure to state a cognizable claim, and his motion for appointment of counsel is 

denied. 

STANDARDS

In connection with IFP actions such as this, district courts are obligated to dismiss sua 

sponte actions that are frivolous or malicious, or fail to state a claim upon which relief may be 

granted. 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2). Courts have a duty to liberally construe a pro se plaintiff’s

pleadings, but a court cannot supply essential elements of the claim that were not initially pled. 

See Ivey v. Bd. of Regents of the Univ. of Alaska, 673 F.2d 266, 268 (9th Cir. 1982). 

A complaint must contain a short and plain statement of the claim and contain factual 

matters that, if accepted as true, are sufficient to state a facially plausible claim. FED. R. CIV. P.

8(a); Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662, 677–78 (2009) (citation omitted). A complaint states a 

plausible claim where the “plaintiff pleads factual content that allows the court to draw the 

reasonable inference that the defendant is liable for the misconduct alleged.” Iqbal, 556 U.S. at 

678. When a court dismisses a complaint for failure to state a claim, the court should grant leave 

to amend “unless the court determines that the allegation of other facts consistent with the 

challenged pleading could not possible cure the deficiency.” DeSoto v. Yellow Freight Sys., Inc., 

957 F.2d 655, 658 (9th Cir. 1992) (quotation marks and citation omitted). 

A district court may request an attorney to represent any person unable to afford counsel. 

28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(1). There is not, however, a constitutional right to counsel in a civil case, 

2 - OPINION & ORDER

Case 3:14-cv-01047-HZ Document 6 Filed 07/31/14 Page 2 of 6
and 28 U.S.C § 1915 does not “authorize the appointment of counsel to involuntary service.” 

United States v. 30.64 Acres of Land, 795 F.2d 796, 801 (9th Cir. 1986). The decision to 

appoint counsel is “within the sound discretion of the trial court and is granted only in 

exceptional circumstances.” Agyeman v. Corrections Corp. of Am., 290 F.3d 1101, 1103 (9th 

Cir. 2004) (quotation marks and citation omitted). A finding of exceptional circumstances

depends on two factors: the plaintiff’s likelihood of success on the merits, and the plaintiff’s 

ability to articulate his or her claims in light of the complexity of the legal issues involved. Id.

Neither factor is dispositive and both must be viewed together before ruling on a request for 

counsel. Palmer v. Valdez, 560 F.3d 965, 970 (9th Cir. 2009) (citation omitted). 

DISCUSSION

After examining Mr. Silver’s application to proceed IFP, the court finds the Mr. Silver 

cannot afford the costs of this action. Mr. Silver’s application (dkt. #1) is therefore granted and 

his IFP status is confirmed. 

Mr. Silver’s complaint names Multnomah County and two individuals, John O’Hara and 

Katherine Vonstage, as defendants. He asserts that this court has federal question jurisdiction, 

but his complaint does not state what federal Constitutional, statutory, or treaty right is at issue. 

Compl. at 2–3. He alleges two claims. Claim I reads in its entirety:

Multnomah County seems to have some tax lien properties that went into 

repossession and sold for land development issues in south east Portland. There 

seems to be some taxes involved in the management of an estate by a power of 

attorney who won't give [an] honest public accounting of their business. As a 

result I am now homeless and going broke.

Compl. at 3.

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3 - OPINION & ORDER

Case 3:14-cv-01047-HZ Document 6 Filed 07/31/14 Page 3 of 6
Claim II is similarly vague:

They used the health care department and enforcement to evict and 

institutionalize me.

Compl. at 4. 

Even construing those allegations liberally in Mr. Silver’s favor, his complaint fails meet 

the requirements of Federal Rule of Civil Procedure (“Rule”) 8(a) and fails to state a claim upon 

which relief can be granted. 

For one, Mr. Silver does not provide any additional information about the individual

defendants, John O’Hara and Katherine Vonstage. He does not specify if they are Multnomah 

County employees or officials, or if one or both of them is involved with his allegations 

regarding the “power of attorney” issue in claim I. He does not provide any facts about Mr. 

O’Hara or Ms. Vonstage’s individual conduct as it relates to his claims. Without knowing more 

about their identities or their actions, the court cannot construe any plausible cause of action 

against them or evaluate whether the court might have personal jurisdiction over either Mr. 

O’Hara or Ms. Vonstage. Accordingly, whatever claims Mr. Silver has attempted to bring 

against Mr. O’Hara and Ms. Vonstage are dismissed, with leave to amend. Mr. Silver may, if he 

so desires, file an amended complaint, but that complaint must provide facts sufficient for the 

court to determine who these individuals are and what they did that allegedly harmed Mr. Silver.

To the extent the Court can construe Mr. Silver’s claim as a § 1983 claim against 

Multnomah County, that claim fails as currently stated. Section 1983 creates a private right of 

action against persons who, acting under color of state law, violate an individual’s federal 

constitutional or statutory rights. Deveraux v. Abbey, 263 F.3d 1070, 1074 (9th Cir. 2001).

Municipalities are subject to liability under § 1983 in three situations: when the plaintiff was 

injured pursuant to an expressly adopted official policy, a long-standing practice or custom, or 

4 - OPINION & ORDER

Case 3:14-cv-01047-HZ Document 6 Filed 07/31/14 Page 4 of 6
the decision of a “final policymaker.” Ellins v. City of Sierra Madre, 710 F.3d 1049 (9th Cir. 

2013) (citing Delia v. City of Rialto, 621 F.3d 1069, 1081–82 (9th Cir. 2010)). 

Even construed liberally, Mr. Silver’s complaint fails to allege facts sufficient to bring a 

§ 1983 claim against Multnomah County. He does not provide any information about an official 

policy, custom, or decision-maker that harmed him. The court struggles to understand the series 

of events Mr. Silver describes in his complaint, and cannot piece together how the facts alleged 

might lead to a viable claim. Accordingly, Mr. Silver’s claims against Multnomah County are 

dismissed, with leave to amend. Again, Mr. Silver may file an amended complaint, should he so 

choose. That new complaint must, however, contain enough facts stated with clarity to inform 

the court about the events that led to Mr. Silver’s alleged injury. 

Mr. Silver’s motion for appointment of counsel is also denied. As currently stated, his 

complaint does not contain information sufficient for the court to construe a valid claim, much 

less to assess the complexity of the legal issues involved or the likelihood of success on the 

merits. See Palmer, 560 F.3d at 970. Should Mr. Silver choose to file an amended complaint, he 

may file another motion for appointment of counsel at that time. 

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5 - OPINION & ORDER

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CONCLUSION

For the reasons stated, Silver’s application to proceed in forma pauperis is granted and 

his IFP status is confirmed. His complaint is dismissed sua sponte without prejudice for failure to 

state a cognizable claim, and his motion for appointment of counsel is denied. Mr. Silver shall 

file an amended complaint, consistent with this Opinion & Order, within 30 days of the date 

below.

IT IS SO ORDERED.

Dated this day of ____________, 2014.

 

MARCO A. HERNÁNDEZ

United States District Judge

6 - OPINION & ORDER

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