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In The

Court of Appeals

Ninth District of Texas at Beaumont

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NO. 09-19-00421-CV

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IN THE INTEREST OF L.P. AND D.P.

________________________________________________________________________

On Appeal from the County Court at Law No. 3

Montgomery County, Texas

Trial Cause No. 18-09-11813-CV

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ORDER

D.P., the Father of Tara and Jason,

1 appeals from an order terminating his 

parental rights. In the trial court, Father had the benefit of being represented by 

retained counsel. When Father filed his notice of appeal with the District Clerk, he 

moved to have the trial court find him indigent for the purposes of his appeal. Father 

also attached a form to his motion, which is titled “Statement of Inability to Afford 

1 To protect the identity of the children who are the subject of the suit, we use 

pseudonyms for the names of all family members discussed in the opinion whose 

rights were affected by the order that is the subject of the appeal.
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Payment of Court Costs or an Appeal Bond.”2 In the hearing on his motion, Father 

advised the trial court that because he was indigent and had recently lost his job, he

wanted the court to appoint an attorney to represent him in his appeal. Father is the 

only witness who testified in the hearing. At the conclusion of the hearing, the trial 

court denied Father’s request, finding Father “makes too much money. He is 

employable. He can work. He . . . just bought a vehicle yesterday. . . . That’s not 

indigency.” 

It’s not clear from the record of the hearing that the trial court considered the 

statement Father filed to support his motion. That said, the record also shows that 

Father swore to the truth of the statements he made in the declaration, which set out 

the details pertinent to his assets, expenses, and liabilities. Father’s statement shows 

that on the date he signed the statement, November 12, 2019, he had (1) $163 in 

assets and $9,800 in liabilities, (2) earned wages of $2,200 per month, (3) had

expenses of $2,537 per month, (4) did not receive need-based public benefits, and 

(5) was not represented in the case by legal aid. 

Father swore during the hearing that he lost his job about a week before the 

hearing and had purchased a truck for $500 the day before the hearing occurred. No

additional evidence was developed during the hearing regarding Father’s current 

2 See Tex. R. Civ. P. 145. 
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financial condition and none of the evidence shows the information Father provided 

in his sworn statement about his finances is false. Based on this record, the trial court 

found Father not to be indigent. We note the trial court’s order contains no findings 

explaining why the court found Father could pay costs, even though detailed findings 

are expressly required by the Texas Rules of Civil Procedure when the trial court 

denies a party’s claim alleging indigence.3

In his appellate brief, which Father filed pro se, Father raises two issues. He 

argues the trial court erred (1) by failing to require that his lawyer appear and

represent him in two status hearings conducted during the proceedings that resulted 

in the termination of his parental rights, and (2) by denying his request for a free 

record and for appointed counsel to represent him in his appeal.4

In cases involving the termination of an indigent parent’s rights, a parent who 

is indigent is entitled to appointed counsel to appeal the trial court’s ruling based on 

a showing of indigence.

5 While Father had the benefit of being represented by the 

counsel he retained in the trial of his termination case, Father suggests in his appeal 

3 Id. 4 While Father failed to challenge the trial court’s order denying his request 

for a free record within ten days of the date the trial court signed the order, he has 

complained about the ruling in his brief. See Tex. R. Civ. P. 145(g) (providing that 

a party may challenge an order denying indigence by motion, and if challenged in 

that manner, must filed the motion within ten days of the trial court’s order). 

5 See Tex. Fam. Code Ann. § 107.013.
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that the first lawyer Father retained abandoned his duties to Father because the 

attorney failed to appear in a status hearing that occurred in October 2018, filed a 

motion to withdraw in January 2019, on which the trial court never ruled, and failed 

to appear at a status hearing that occurred in May 2019. Father appeared without the 

lawyer at these hearings, and we do not have a reporter’s record from the hearings 

to show what occurred. 

That said, the evidence in the indigency hearing established Father cannot 

retain counsel or pay for a record that is required given the nature of this case to 

pursue an appeal. Even if the trial court could have inferred from the evidence in the 

indigency hearing that Father’s truck is worth $500, the truck when added to the 

value of the property Father’s sworn statement shows he owns established Father 

had less than $700 in property on the date the trial court denied his request to find 

Father to be indigent. While the evidence before the trial court also shows Father 

had a job that allowed him to earn $2,200 monthly, nothing in the record contradicts 

Father’s testimony claiming he lost that job and is currently unemployed. While the 

trial court noted during the hearing that Father is able-bodied, none of the evidence 

supports the inference that Father was either intentionally unemployed or that he 

could immediately secure employment earning wages exceeding his total monthly 

expenses of $2,537 per month. There is no evidence in the record showing that 
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Father’s sworn statement setting out his monthly expenses is not credible or that the 

expenses are unreasonable. 

For the reasons explained above, we conclude the record in the trial court 

establishes Father is indigent and therefore eligible for a free record and appointed 

counsel in his appeal. We further conclude the trial court’s error “probably prevented 

the appellant from properly presenting the case to the court of appeals.”6 To correct 

the error, we direct the trial court to correct its order.

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Accordingly, we ORDER the appeal abated and remand the case to the trial 

court. We instruct the trial court to issue an order appointing Father counsel and 

ordering that Father have the benefit of a free record to supplement the records filed 

by the Department already to support the issues Father, with benefit of counsel, 

decides to raise in his appeal.8 The appeal will be reinstated without further order 

when the supplemental clerk’s and court reporter’s records are filed. The trial court 

shall order the supplemental reporter’s record to include the pre-trial hearings and 

the trial, and to be filed with the Court of Appeals by June 4, 2020. The brief of the 

appellant is due twenty days after the supplemental records have been filed.

6 Tex. R. App. P. 44.1(a)(2).

7 See Tex. R. App. P. 44.4. 

8 See Tex. Fam. Code Ann. § 107.013; Tex. R. Civ. P. 145.
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ORDER ENTERED April 3, 2020.

PER CURIAM

Before McKeithen, C.J., Kreger, and Horton, JJ.