Exhibit 4.3


 


ESPERION THERAPEUTICS, INC.


 


Issuer


 


AND


 


[TRUSTEE],


 


Trustee


 


INDENTURE


 


Dated as of [ ]


 


Senior Debt Securities


 






     


     


    

 


TABLE OF CONTENTS1


 


	 	 	 	Page
	 	 	 	 
	Article 1   DEFINITIONS	 	3
	 	 	 	 
	Section 1.01	Definitions of Terms	 	3
	 	 	 	 
	Article 2   ISSUE,
DESCRIPTION, TERMS, EXECUTION, REGISTRATION AND EXCHANGE OF SECURITIES	 	6
	 	 	 	 
	Section 2.01	Designation and Terms of Securities	 	6
	Section 2.02	Form of Securities and Trustee’s Certificate	 	8
	Section 2.03	Denominations: Provisions for Payment	 	8
	Section 2.04	Execution and Authentications	 	9
	Section 2.05	Registration of Transfer and Exchange	 	9
	Section 2.06	Temporary Securities	 	10
	Section 2.07	Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Securities	 	10
	Section 2.08	Cancellation	 	11
	Section 2.09	Benefits of Indenture	 	11
	Section 2.10	Authenticating Agent	 	11
	Section 2.11	Global Securities	 	12
	 	 	 	 
	Article 3   REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES AND SINKING FUND PROVISIONS	 	12
	 	 	 	 
	Section 3.01	Redemption	 	12
	Section 3.02	Notice of Redemption	 	12
	Section 3.03	Payment Upon Redemption	 	13
	Section 3.04	Sinking Fund	 	13
	Section 3.05	Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities	 	14
	Section 3.06	Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund	 	14
	 	 	 	 
	Article 4   COVENANTS	 	14
	 	 	 	 
	Section 4.01	Payment of Principal, Premium and Interest	 	14
	Section 4.02	Maintenance of Office or Agency	 	14
	Section 4.03	Paying Agents	 	15
	Section 4.04	Appointment to Fill Vacancy in Office of Trustee	 	15
	Section 4.05	Compliance with Consolidation Provisions	 	15
	 	 	 	 
	Article 5   SECURITYHOLDERS’ LISTS AND REPORTS BY THE COMPANY AND THE TRUSTEE	 	15
	 	 	 	 
	Section 5.01	Company to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of Securityholders	 	15
	Section 5.02	Preservation Of Information; Communications With Securityholders	 	16
	Section 5.03	Reports by the Company	 	16
	Section 5.04	Reports by the Trustee	 	16
	 	 	 	 
	Article 6   REMEDIES OF THE TRUSTEE AND SECURITYHOLDERS ON EVENT OF DEFAULT	 	17
	 	 	 	 
	Section 6.01	Events of Default	 	17
	Section 6.02	Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee	 	18
	Section 6.03	Application of Moneys Collected	 	19
	Section 6.04	Limitation on Suits	 	19
	Section 6.05	Rights and Remedies Cumulative; Delay or Omission Not Waiver	 	20
	Section 6.06	Control by Securityholders	 	20
	Section 6.07	Undertaking to Pay Costs	 	20
	 	 	 	 
	Article 7   CONCERNING THE TRUSTEE	 	20
	 	 	 	 
	Section 7.01	Certain Duties and Responsibilities of Trustee	 	20
	Section 7.02	Certain Rights of Trustee	 	21
	Section 7.03	Trustee Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance or Securities	 	22
	Section 7.04	May Hold Securities	 	23




 





 






1 This Table of Contents does not constitute part of the
Indenture and shall not have any bearing on the interpretation of any of its terms or provisions.


 






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TABLE OF CONTENTS


(continued)


 


	 	 	 	Page
	 	 	 	 
	Section 7.05	Moneys Held in Trust	 	23
	Section 7.06	Compensation and Reimbursement	 	23
	Section 7.07	Reliance on Officer’s Certificate	 	23
	Section 7.08	Disqualification; Conflicting Interests	 	23
	Section 7.09	Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility	 	24
	Section 7.10	Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor	 	24
	Section 7.11	Acceptance of Appointment By Successor	 	25
	Section 7.12	Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business	 	26
	Section 7.13	Preferential Collection of Claims Against the Company	 	26
	Section 7.14	Notice of Default	 	26
	 	 	 	 
	Article 8   CONCERNING THE SECURITYHOLDERS	 	26
	 	 	 
	Section 8.01	Evidence of Action by Securityholders	 	26
	Section 8.02	Proof of Execution by Securityholders	 	26
	Section 8.03	Who May be Deemed Owners	 	27
	Section 8.04	Certain Securities Owned by Company Disregarded	 	27
	Section 8.05	Actions Binding on Future Securityholders	 	27
	 	 	 	 
	Article 9   SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES	 	27
	 	 	 	 
	Section 9.01	Supplemental Indentures Without the Consent of Securityholders	 	27
	Section 9.02	Supplemental Indentures With Consent of Securityholders	 	28
	Section 9.03	Effect of Supplemental Indentures	 	28
	Section 9.04	Securities Affected by Supplemental Indentures	 	28
	Section 9.05	Execution of Supplemental Indentures	 	29
	 	 	 	 
	Article 10   SUCCESSOR ENTITY	 	29
	 	 	 
	Section 10.01	Company May Consolidate, Etc.	 	29
	Section 10.02	Successor Entity Substituted	 	29
	 	 	 	 
	Article 11 SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE	 	30
	 	 	 
	Section 11.01	Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture	 	30
	Section 11.02	Discharge of Obligations	 	30
	Section 11.03	Deposited Moneys to be Held in Trust	 	30
	Section 11.04	Payment of Moneys Held by Paying Agents	 	30
	Section 11.05	Repayment to Company	 	31
	 	 	 	 
	Article 12   IMMUNITY OF INCORPORATORS, STOCKHOLDERS, OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS	 	31
	 	 	 
	Section 12.01	No Recourse	 	31
	 	 	 	 
	Article 13   MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS	 	31
	 	 	 
	Section 13.01	Effect on Successors and Assigns	 	31
	Section 13.02	Actions by Successor	 	31
	Section 13.03	Surrender of Company Powers	 	31
	Section 13.04	Notices	 	31
	Section 13.05	Governing Law	 	32
	Section 13.06	Treatment of Securities as Debt	 	32
	Section 13.07	Certificates and Opinions as to Conditions Precedent.	 	32
	Section 13.08	Payments on Business Days	 	32
	Section 13.09	Conflict with Trust Indenture Act	 	32
	Section 13.10	Counterparts	 	32
	Section 13.11	Separability	 	32
	Section 13.12	Compliance Certificates	 	32




 






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INDENTURE


 


INDENTURE, dated as of [ ], among ESPERION THERAPEUTICS, INC.,
a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and [TRUSTEE], as trustee (the “Trustee”):


 


WHEREAS, for its lawful corporate purposes, the Company has
duly authorized the execution and delivery of this Indenture to provide for the issuance of debt securities (hereinafter referred to
as the “Securities”), in an unlimited aggregate principal amount to be issued from time to time in one or more series as
in this Indenture provided, as registered Securities without coupons, to be authenticated by the certificate of the Trustee;


 


WHEREAS, to provide the terms and conditions upon which the
Securities are to be authenticated, issued and delivered, the Company has duly authorized the execution of this Indenture; and


 


WHEREAS, all things necessary to make this Indenture a valid
agreement of the Company, in accordance with its terms, have been done.


 


NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the purchase
of the Securities by the holders thereof, it is mutually covenanted and agreed as follows for the equal and ratable benefit of the holders
of Securities:


 


Article 1


 


DEFINITIONS


 


Section 1.01      Definitions
of Terms. The terms defined in this Section (except as in this Indenture or any indenture supplemental hereto otherwise expressly
provided or unless the context otherwise requires) for all purposes of this Indenture and of any indenture supplemental hereto shall
have the respective meanings specified in this Section and shall include the plural as well as the singular. All other terms used
in this Indenture that are defined in the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, or that are by reference in such Act defined in the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended (except as herein or any indenture supplemental hereto otherwise expressly provided or unless the
context otherwise requires), shall have the meanings assigned to such terms in said Trust Indenture Act and in said Securities Act as
in force at the date of the execution of this instrument.


 


“Authenticating Agent” means an authenticating
agent with respect to all or any of the series of Securities appointed by the Trustee pursuant to Section 2.10.


 


“Bankruptcy Law” means Title 11, U.S. Code,
or any similar federal or state law for the relief of debtors.


 


“Board of Directors” means the Board of Directors
(or the functional equivalent thereof) of the Company or any duly authorized committee of such Board.


 


“Board Resolution” means a copy of a resolution
certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company to have been duly adopted by the Board of Directors and to be in full
force and effect on the date of such certification.


 


“Business Day” means, with respect to any
series of Securities, any day other than a day on which federal or state banking institutions in the Borough of Manhattan, the City of
New York, or in the city of the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, are authorized or obligated by law, executive order or regulation
to close.


 


“Certificate” means a certificate signed
by any Officer. The Certificate need not comply with the provisions of Section 13.07.


 


“Commission” means the Securities and Exchange
Commission, as from time to time constituted, created under the Exchange Act, or, if at any time after the execution of this instrument
such Commission is not existing and performing the duties now assigned to it under the Trust Indenture Act, then the body performing such
duties at such time.


 






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“Company” means Esperion Therapeutics, Inc.,
a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of the State of Delaware, and, subject to the provisions of Article Ten,
shall also include its successors and assigns.


 


“Corporate Trust Office” means the office
of the Trustee at which, at any particular time, its corporate trust business shall be principally administered, which office at the date
hereof is located at [ ].


 


“Custodian” means any receiver, trustee,
assignee, liquidator or similar official under any Bankruptcy Law.


 


“Defaulted Interest” has the meaning set
forth in Section 2.03.


 


“Depositary” means, with respect to Securities
of any series for which the Company shall determine that such Securities will be issued as a Global Security, The Depository Trust Company,
another clearing agency, or any successor registered as a clearing agency under the Exchange Act, or other applicable statute or regulation,
which, in each case, shall be designated by the Company pursuant to either Section 2.01 or 2.11.


 


“Event of Default” means, with respect to
Securities of a particular series, any event specified in Section 6.01, continued for the period of time, if any, therein designated.


 


“Exchange Act” means the United States Securities
and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated by the Commission thereunder.


 


“Global Security” means a Security issued
to evidence all or a part of any series of Securities which is executed by the Company and authenticated and delivered by the Trustee
to the Depositary or pursuant to the Depositary’s instruction, all in accordance with the Indenture, which shall be registered in
the name of the Depositary or its nominee.


 


“Governmental Obligations” means securities
that are (a) direct obligations of the United States of America for the payment of which its full faith and credit is pledged or
(b) obligations of a Person controlled or supervised by and acting as an agency or instrumentality of the United States of America,
the payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed as a full faith and credit obligation by the United States of America that, in either
case, are not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof at any time prior to the stated maturity of the Securities, and
shall also include a depositary receipt issued by a bank or trust company as custodian with respect to any such Governmental Obligation
or a specific payment of principal of or interest on any such Governmental Obligation held by such custodian for the account of the holder
of such depositary receipt; provided, however, that (except as required by law) such custodian is not authorized to make any deduction
from the amount payable to the holder of such depositary receipt from any amount received by the custodian in respect of the Governmental
Obligation or the specific payment of principal of or interest on the Governmental Obligation evidenced by such depositary receipt.


 


“herein”, “hereof”
and “hereunder”, and other words of similar import, refer to this Indenture as a whole and not to any particular
Article, Section or other subdivision.


 


“Indenture” means this instrument as originally
executed or as it may from time to time be supplemented or amended by one or more indentures supplemental hereto entered into in accordance
with the terms hereof and shall include the terms of particular series of Securities established as contemplated by Section 2.01.


 


“Interest Payment Date”, when used with respect
to any installment of interest on a Security of a particular series, means the date specified in such Security or in a Board Resolution
or in an indenture supplemental hereto with respect to such series as the fixed date on which an installment of interest with respect
to Securities of that series is due and payable.


 


“Officer” means, with respect to the Company,
the chairman of the Board of Directors, a chief executive officer, a president, a chief financial officer, a chief operating officer,
any executive vice president, any senior vice president, any vice president, the treasurer or any assistant treasurer, the controller
or any assistant controller or the secretary or any assistant secretary.


 


“Officer’s Certificate” means a certificate
signed by any Officer. Each such certificate shall include the statements provided for in Section 13.07, if and to the extent required
by the provisions thereof.


 






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“Opinion of Counsel” means an opinion in
writing subject to customary exceptions of legal counsel, who may be an employee of or counsel for the Company, that is delivered to the
Trustee in accordance with the terms hereof. Each such opinion shall include the statements provided for in Section 13.07, if and
to the extent required by the provisions thereof.


 


“Outstanding”, when used with reference to
Securities of any series, means, subject to the provisions of Section 8.04, as of any particular time, all Securities of that series
theretofore authenticated and delivered by the Trustee under this Indenture, except (a) Securities theretofore canceled by the Trustee
or any paying agent, or delivered to the Trustee or any paying agent for cancellation or that have previously been canceled; (b) Securities
or portions thereof for the payment or redemption of which moneys or Governmental Obligations in the necessary amount shall have been
deposited in trust with the Trustee or with any paying agent (other than the Company) or shall have been set aside and segregated in trust
by the Company (if the Company shall act as its own paying agent); provided, however, that if such Securities or portions of such Securities
are to be redeemed prior to the maturity thereof, notice of such redemption shall have been given as provided in Article Three, or
provision satisfactory to the Trustee shall have been made for giving such notice; and (c) Securities in lieu of or in substitution
for which other Securities shall have been authenticated and delivered pursuant to the terms of Section 2.07.


 


“Person” means any individual, corporation,
partnership, joint venture, joint-stock company, limited liability company, association, trust, unincorporated organization, any other
entity or organization, including a government or political subdivision or an agency or instrumentality thereof.


 


“Predecessor Security” of any particular
Security means every previous Security evidencing all or a portion of the same debt as that evidenced by such particular Security; and,
for the purposes of this definition, any Security authenticated and delivered under Section 2.07 in lieu of a lost, destroyed or
stolen Security shall be deemed to evidence the same debt as the lost, destroyed or stolen Security.


 


“Responsible Officer” when used with respect
to the Trustee means any officer of the Trustee assigned by the Trustee to administer its corporate trust matters with respect to this
Indenture (which, for the avoidance of doubt, includes without limitation any supplemental indenture hereto).


 


“Securities” has the meaning stated in the
first recital of this Indenture and more particularly means any Securities authenticated and delivered under this Indenture.


 


“Securityholder”, “holder of
Securities”, “registered holder”, or other similar term, means the Person or Persons in whose
name or names a particular Security is registered on the Security Register kept for that purpose in accordance with the terms of this
Indenture.


 


“Security Register” and “Security
Registrar” shall have the meanings as set forth in Section 2.05.


 


“Subsidiary” means, with respect to any Person:


 


(1)           any
corporation or company a majority of whose capital stock with voting power, under ordinary circumstances, to elect directors is, at the
date of determination, directly or indirectly, owned by such Person (a “subsidiary”), by one or more subsidiaries of such
Person or by such Person and one or more subsidiaries of such Person;


 


(2)           a
partnership in which such Person or a subsidiary of such Person is, at the date of determination, a general partner of such partnership;
or


 


(3)           any
partnership, limited liability company or other Person in which such Person, a subsidiary of such Person or such Person and one or more
subsidiaries of such Person, directly or indirectly, at the date of determination, have (x) at least a majority ownership interest
or (y) the power to elect or appoint or direct the election or appointment of the managing partner or member of such Person or, if
applicable, a majority of the directors or other governing body of such Person.


 


“Trustee” means [TRUSTEE], and, subject
to the provisions of Article Seven, shall also include its successors and assigns, and, if at any time there is more than one Person
acting in such capacity hereunder, “Trustee” shall mean each such Person. The term “Trustee” as used with respect
to a particular series of the Securities shall mean the trustee with respect to that series.


 






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“Trust Indenture Act” means the Trust Indenture
Act of 1939, as amended.


 


Article 2


 


ISSUE, DESCRIPTION, TERMS, EXECUTION, REGISTRATION
AND EXCHANGE OF SECURITIES


 


Section 2.01        Designation and
Terms of Securities.


 


(1)           The
aggregate principal amount of Securities that may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture is unlimited. The Securities may
be issued in one or more series up to the aggregate principal amount of Securities of that series from time to time authorized by or pursuant
to a Board Resolution or pursuant to one or more indentures supplemental hereto. Prior to the initial issuance of Securities of any series,
there shall be established in or pursuant to a Board Resolution, and set forth in an Officer’s Certificate, or established in one
or more indentures supplemental hereto:


 


(a)           the
title of the Securities of the series (which shall distinguish the Securities of that series from all other Securities);


 


(b)           any
limit upon the aggregate principal amount of the Securities of that series which may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture
(except for Securities authenticated and delivered upon registration of transfer of, or in exchange for, or in lieu of, other Securities
of that series);


 


(c)           the
date or dates on which the principal of the Securities of the series is payable;


 


(d)           if
the price (expressed as a percentage of the aggregate principal amount thereof) at which such Securities will be issued is a price other
than the principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount thereof payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity
thereof, or if applicable, the portion of the principal amount of such Securities that is convertible into another security or the method
by which any such portion shall be determined;


 


(e)           the
rate or rates at which the Securities of the series shall bear interest or the manner of calculation of such rate or rates, if any;


 


(f)           the
date or dates from which such interest shall accrue, the Interest Payment Dates on which such interest will be payable or the manner of
determination of such Interest Payment Dates, the place(s) of payment, and the record date for the determination of holders to whom
interest is payable on any such Interest Payment Dates or the manner of determination of such record dates;


 


(g)           the
right, if any, to extend the interest payment periods and the duration of such extension;


 


(h)           the
period or periods within which, the price or prices at which and the terms and conditions upon which Securities of the series may be redeemed,
converted or exchanged, in whole or in part;


 


(i)            the
obligation, if any, of the Company to redeem or purchase Securities of the series pursuant to any sinking fund, mandatory redemption,
or analogous provisions (including payments made in cash in satisfaction of future sinking fund obligations) or at the option of a holder
thereof and the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which, and the terms and conditions upon which, Securities of the
series shall be redeemed or purchased, in whole or in part, pursuant to such obligation;


 


(j)            the
form of the Securities of the series including the form of the Certificate of Authentication for such series;


 


(k)           if
other than denominations of one thousand U.S. dollars ($1,000) or any integral multiple thereof, the denominations in which the Securities
of the series shall be issuable;


 






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(l)            any
and all other terms (including terms, to the extent applicable, relating to any auction or remarketing of the Securities of that series
and any security for the obligations of the Company with respect to such Securities) with respect to such series (which terms shall not
be inconsistent with the terms of this Indenture, as amended by any supplemental indenture) including any terms which may be required
by or advisable under United States laws or regulations or advisable in connection with the marketing of Securities of that series;


 


(m)          whether
the Securities of the series shall be issued in whole or in part in the form of a Global Security or Securities; the terms and conditions,
if any, upon which such Global Security or Securities may be exchanged in whole or in part for other individual Securities; and the Depositary
for such Global Security or Securities;


 


(n)          whether
the Securities will be convertible into or exchangeable for shares of common stock, preferred stock or other securities of the Company
or any other Person and, if so, the terms and conditions upon which such Securities will be so convertible or exchangeable, including
the conversion or exchange price, as applicable, or how it will be calculated and may be adjusted, any mandatory or optional (at the Company’s
option or the holders’ option) conversion or exchange features, and the applicable conversion or exchange period;


 


(o)           if
other than the full principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount of Securities of the series which shall be payable upon
declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof pursuant to Section 6.01;


 


(p)           any
additional or alternative events of default;


 


(q)           additional
or alternative covenants (which may include, among other restrictions, restrictions on the Company’s ability or the ability of the
Company’s Subsidiaries to: incur additional indebtedness; issue additional securities; create liens; pay dividends or make distributions
in respect of the capital stock of the Company or the Company’s Subsidiaries; redeem capital stock; place restrictions on the Company’s
Subsidiaries’ ability to pay dividends, make distributions or transfer assets; make investments or other restricted payments; sell
or otherwise dispose of assets; enter into sale-leaseback transactions; engage in transactions with stockholders or affiliates; issue
or sell stock of the Company’s Subsidiaries; or effect a consolidation or merger) or financial covenants (which may include, among
other financial covenants, financial covenants that require the Company and its Subsidiaries to maintain specified interest coverage,
fixed charge, cash flow-based, asset-based or other financial ratios) provided for with respect to the Securities of the series;


 


(r)            the
currency or currencies, including composite currencies, in which payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest, if any,
on such Securities shall be payable (if other than the currency of the United States of America), which unless otherwise specified shall
be the currency of the United States of America as at the time of payment is legal tender for payment of public or private debts;


 


(s)           if
the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest, if any, on such Securities is to be payable, at the election of the Company or any
Holder thereof, in a coin or currency other than that in which such Securities are stated to be payable, then the period or periods within
which, and the terms and conditions upon which, such election may be made;


 


(t)           whether
interest will be payable in cash or additional Securities at the Company’s or the Securityholders’ option and the terms and
conditions upon which the election may be made;


 


(u)           the
terms and conditions, if any, upon which the Company shall pay amounts in addition to the stated interest, premium, if any and principal
amounts of the Securities of the series to any Securityholder that is not a “United States person” for federal tax purposes;


 


(v)           additional
or alternative provisions, if any, related to defeasance and discharge of the offered Securities;


 


(w)          the
applicability of any guarantees;


 


(x)           any
restrictions on transfer, sale or assignment of the Securities of the series; and


 


(y)           any
other terms of the series.


 






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All Securities of any one series shall be substantially identical except
as may otherwise be provided in or pursuant to any such Board Resolution or in any indentures supplemental hereto.


 


If any of the terms of the series are established by action taken pursuant
to a Board Resolution of the Company, a copy of an appropriate record of such action shall be certified by the secretary or an assistant
secretary of the Company and delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the delivery of the Officer’s Certificate of the Company setting
forth the terms of the series.


 


Securities of any particular series may be issued at various times,
with different dates on which the principal or any installment of principal is payable, with different rates of interest, if any, or different
methods by which rates of interest may be determined, with different dates on which such interest may be payable and with different redemption
dates.


 


Section 2.02        Form of
Securities and Trustee’s Certificate. The Securities of any series and the Trustee’s certificate of authentication to
be borne by such Securities shall be substantially of the tenor and purport as set forth in one or more indentures supplemental hereto
or as provided in a Board Resolution, and set forth in an Officer’s Certificate, and they may have such letters, numbers or other
marks of identification or designation and such legends or endorsements printed, lithographed or engraved thereon as the Company may
deem appropriate and as are not inconsistent with the provisions of this Indenture, or as may be required to comply with any law or with
any rule or regulation made pursuant thereto or with any rule or regulation of any securities exchange on which Securities
of that series may be listed, or to conform to usage.


 


Section 2.03        Denominations:
Provisions for Payment. The Securities shall be issuable as registered Securities and in the denominations of one thousand U.S. dollars
($1,000) or any integral multiple thereof, subject to Section 2.01(1)(j). The Securities of a particular series shall bear interest
payable on the dates and at the rate specified with respect to that series. Subject to Section 2.01(1)(p), the principal of and
the interest on the Securities of any series, as well as any premium thereon in case of redemption thereof prior to maturity, shall be
payable in the coin or currency of the United States of America that at the time is legal tender for public and private debt, at the
office or agency of the Company maintained for that purpose. Each Security shall be dated the date of its authentication. Interest on
the Securities shall be computed on the basis of a 360-day year composed of twelve 30-day months.


 


The interest installment on any Security that is payable, and is punctually
paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date for Securities of that series shall be paid to the Person in whose name said Security
(or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on the regular record date for such interest installment.
In the event that any Security of a particular series or portion thereof is called for redemption and the redemption date is subsequent
to a regular record date with respect to any Interest Payment Date and prior to such Interest Payment Date, interest on such Security
will be paid upon presentation and surrender of such Security as provided in Section 3.03.


 


Any interest on any Security that is payable, but is not punctually
paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date for Securities of the same series (herein called “Defaulted Interest”)
shall forthwith cease to be payable to the registered holder on the relevant regular record date by virtue of having been such holder;
and such Defaulted Interest shall be paid by the Company, at its election, as provided in clause (1) or clause (2) below:


 


(1)           The
Company may make payment of any Defaulted Interest on Securities to the Persons in whose names such Securities (or their respective Predecessor
Securities) are registered at the close of business on a special record date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest, which shall be
fixed in the following manner: the Company shall notify the Trustee in writing of the amount of Defaulted Interest proposed to be paid
on each such Security and the date of the proposed payment, and at the same time the Company shall deposit with the Trustee an amount
of money equal to the aggregate amount proposed to be paid in respect of such Defaulted Interest or shall make arrangements satisfactory
to the Trustee for such deposit prior to the date of the proposed payment, such money when deposited to be held in trust for the benefit
of the Persons entitled to such Defaulted Interest as in this clause provided. Thereupon the Trustee shall fix a special record date for
the payment of such Defaulted Interest which shall not be more than 15 nor less than 10 days prior to the date of the proposed payment
and not less than 10 days after the receipt by the Trustee of the notice of the proposed payment. The Trustee shall promptly notify the
Company of such special record date and, in the name and at the expense of the Company, shall cause notice of the proposed payment of
such Defaulted Interest and the special record date therefor to be mailed, first class postage prepaid, to each Securityholder at his
or her address as it appears in the Security Register (as hereinafter defined), not less than 10 days prior to such special record date.
Notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted Interest and the special record date therefor having been mailed as aforesaid, such Defaulted
Interest shall be paid to the Persons in whose names such Securities (or their respective Predecessor Securities) are registered on such
special record date.


 






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(2)           The
Company may make payment of any Defaulted Interest on any Securities in any other lawful manner not inconsistent with the requirements
of any securities exchange on which such Securities may be listed, and upon such notice as may be required by such exchange, if, after
notice given by the Company to the Trustee of the proposed payment pursuant to this clause, such manner of payment shall be deemed practicable
by the Trustee.


 


Unless otherwise set forth in a Board Resolution or one or more indentures
supplemental hereto establishing the terms of any series of Securities pursuant to Section 2.01 hereof, the term “regular record
date” as used in this Section with respect to a series of Securities and any Interest Payment Date for such series shall mean
either the fifteenth day of the month immediately preceding the month in which an Interest Payment Date established for such series pursuant
to Section 2.01 hereof shall occur, if such Interest Payment Date is the first day of a month, or the first day of the month in which
an Interest Payment Date established for such series pursuant to Section 2.01 hereof shall occur, if such Interest Payment Date is
the fifteenth day of a month, whether or not such date is a Business Day.


 


Subject to the foregoing provisions of this Section, each Security
of a series delivered under this Indenture upon transfer of or in exchange for or in lieu of any other Security of such series shall carry
the rights to interest accrued and unpaid, and to accrue, that were carried by such other Security.


 


Section 2.04        Execution and
Authentications. The Securities shall be signed on behalf of the Company by one of its Officers. Signatures may be in the form of
a manual or facsimile signature.


 


The Company may use the facsimile signature of any Person who shall
have been an Officer, notwithstanding the fact that at the time the Securities shall be authenticated and delivered or disposed of such
Person shall have ceased to be such an officer of the Company. The Securities may contain such notations, legends or endorsements required
by law, stock exchange rule or usage. Each Security shall be dated the date of its authentication by the Trustee.


 


A Security shall not be valid until authenticated manually by an authorized
signatory of the Trustee, or by an Authenticating Agent. Such signature shall be conclusive evidence that the Security so authenticated
has been duly authenticated and delivered hereunder and that the holder is entitled to the benefits of this Indenture. At any time and
from time to time after the execution and delivery of this Indenture, the Company may deliver Securities of any series executed by the
Company to the Trustee for authentication, together with a written order of the Company for the authentication and delivery of such Securities,
signed by an Officer, and the Trustee in accordance with such written order shall authenticate and deliver such Securities.


 


In authenticating such Securities and accepting the additional responsibilities
under this Indenture in relation to such Securities, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive, if requested, and (subject to Section 7.01)
shall be fully protected in relying upon, an Opinion of Counsel stating that the form and terms thereof have been established in conformity
with the provisions of this Indenture.


 


The Trustee shall not be required to authenticate such Securities if
the issue of such Securities pursuant to this Indenture will affect the Trustee’s own rights, duties or immunities under the Securities
and this Indenture or otherwise in a manner that is not reasonably acceptable to the Trustee.


 


Section 2.05        Registration
of Transfer and Exchange.


 


(1)           Securities
of any series may be exchanged upon presentation thereof at the office or agency of the Company designated for such purpose, for other
Securities of such series of authorized denominations, and for a like aggregate principal amount, upon payment of a sum sufficient to
cover any tax or other governmental charge in relation thereto, all as provided in this Section. In respect of any Securities so surrendered
for exchange, the Company shall execute, the Trustee shall authenticate and such office or agency shall deliver in exchange therefor the
Security or Securities of the same series that the Securityholder making the exchange shall be entitled to receive, bearing numbers not
contemporaneously outstanding.


 


(2)           The
Company shall keep, or cause to be kept, at its office or agency designated for such purpose a register or registers (herein referred
to as the “Security Register”) in which, subject to such reasonable regulations as it may prescribe, the Company shall register
the Securities and the transfers of Securities as in this Article provided and which at all reasonable times shall be open for inspection
by the Trustee. The registrar for the purpose of registering Securities and transfer of Securities as herein provided shall be appointed
as authorized by Board Resolution (the “Security Registrar”).


 






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Upon surrender for transfer of any Security at the office or agency
of the Company designated for such purpose, the Company shall execute, the Trustee shall authenticate and such office or agency shall
deliver in the name of the transferee or transferees a new Security or Securities of the same series as the Security presented for a like
aggregate principal amount.


 


All Securities presented or surrendered for exchange or registration
of transfer, as provided in this Section, shall be accompanied (if so required by the Company or the Security Registrar) by a written
instrument or instruments of transfer, in form satisfactory to the Company or the Security Registrar, duly executed by the registered
holder or by such holder’s duly authorized attorney in writing.


 


(3)           Except
as provided pursuant to Section 2.01 pursuant to a Board Resolution, and set forth in an Officer’s Certificate, or established
in one or more indentures supplemental to this Indenture, no service charge shall be made for any exchange or registration of transfer
of Securities, or issue of new Securities in case of partial redemption of any series, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient
to cover any tax or other governmental charge in relation thereto, other than exchanges pursuant to Section 2.06, Section 3.03(2) and
Section 9.04 not involving any transfer.


 


(4)           The
Company shall not be required (i) to issue, exchange or register the transfer of any Securities during a period beginning at the
opening of business 15 days before the day of the mailing of a notice of redemption of less than all the Outstanding Securities of the
same series and ending at the close of business on the day of such mailing, nor (ii) to register the transfer of or exchange any
Securities of any series or portions thereof called for redemption, other than the unredeemed portion of any such Securities being redeemed
in part. The provisions of this Section 2.05 are, with respect to any Global Security, subject to Section 2.11 hereof.


 


The Trustee shall have no obligation or duty to monitor, determine
or inquire as to compliance with any restrictions on transfer imposed under this Indenture or under applicable law with respect to any
transfer of any interest in any Security (including any transfers between or among depositary participants or beneficial owners of interests
in any Global Security) other than to require delivery of such certificates and other documentation or evidence as are expressly required
by, and to do so if and when expressly required by the terms of, this Indenture, and to examine the same to determine substantial compliance
as to form with the express requirements hereof.


 


Section 2.06        Temporary Securities.
Pending the preparation of definitive Securities of any series, the Company may execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver,
temporary Securities (printed, lithographed or typewritten) of any authorized denomination. Such temporary Securities shall be substantially
in the form of the definitive Securities in lieu of which they are issued, but with such omissions, insertions and variations as may
be appropriate for temporary Securities, all as may be determined by the Company. Every temporary Security of any series shall be executed
by the Company and be authenticated by the Trustee upon the same conditions and in substantially the same manner, and with like effect,
as the definitive Securities of such series. Without unnecessary delay the Company will execute and will furnish definitive Securities
of such series and thereupon any or all temporary Securities of such series may be surrendered in exchange therefor (without charge to
the holders), at the office or agency of the Company designated for the purpose, and the Trustee shall authenticate and such office or
agency shall deliver in exchange for such temporary Securities an equal aggregate principal amount of definitive Securities of such series,
unless the Company advises the Trustee to the effect that definitive Securities need not be executed and furnished until further notice
from the Company. Until so exchanged, the temporary Securities of such series shall be entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture
as definitive Securities of such series authenticated and delivered hereunder.


 


Section 2.07        Mutilated, Destroyed,
Lost or Stolen Securities. In case any temporary or definitive Security shall become mutilated or be destroyed, lost or stolen, the
Company (subject to the next succeeding sentence) shall execute, and upon the Company’s request the Trustee (subject as aforesaid)
shall authenticate and deliver, a new Security of the same series, bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding, in exchange and
substitution for the mutilated Security, or in lieu of and in substitution for the Security so destroyed, lost or stolen. In every case
the applicant for a substituted Security shall furnish to the Company and the Trustee such security or indemnity as may be required by
them to save each of them harmless, and, in every case of destruction, loss or theft, the applicant shall also furnish to the Company
and the Trustee evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of the applicant’s Security and of the ownership
thereof. The Trustee may authenticate any such substituted Security and deliver the same upon the written request or authorization of
any officer of the Company. Upon the issuance of any substituted Security, the Company may require the payment of a sum sufficient to
cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses (including the fees and expenses
of the Trustee) connected therewith.


 






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In case any Security that has matured or is about to mature shall become
mutilated or be destroyed, lost or stolen, the Company may, instead of issuing a substitute Security, pay or authorize the payment of
the same (without surrender thereof except in the case of a mutilated Security) if the applicant for such payment shall furnish to the
Company and the Trustee such security or indemnity as they may require to save them harmless, and, in case of destruction, loss or theft,
evidence to the satisfaction of the Company and the Trustee of the destruction, loss or theft of such Security and of the ownership thereof.


 


Every replacement Security issued pursuant to the provisions of this
Section shall constitute an additional contractual obligation of the Company whether or not the mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen
Security shall be found at any time, or be enforceable by anyone, and shall be entitled to all the benefits of this Indenture equally
and proportionately with any and all other Securities of the same series duly issued hereunder. All Securities shall be held and owned
upon the express condition that the foregoing provisions are exclusive with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed,
lost or stolen Securities, and shall preclude (to the extent lawful) any and all other rights or remedies, notwithstanding any law or
statute existing or hereafter enacted to the contrary with respect to the replacement or payment of negotiable instruments or other securities
without their surrender.


 


Section 2.08        Cancellation.
All Securities surrendered for the purpose of payment, redemption, exchange or registration of transfer shall, if surrendered to the
Company or any paying agent, be delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, or, if surrendered to the Trustee, shall be cancelled by it,
and no Securities shall be issued in lieu thereof except as expressly required or permitted by any of the provisions of this Indenture.
On request of the Company at the time of such surrender, the Trustee shall deliver to the Company canceled Securities held by the Trustee.
In the absence of such request the Trustee may dispose of canceled Securities in accordance with its standard procedures and deliver
a certificate of disposition to the Company. If the Company shall otherwise acquire any of the Securities, however, such acquisition
shall not operate as a redemption or satisfaction of the indebtedness represented by such Securities unless and until the same are delivered
to the Trustee for cancellation.


 


Section 2.09        Benefits of
Indenture. Nothing in this Indenture or in the Securities, express or implied, shall give or be construed to give to any Person,
other than the parties hereto and the holders of the Securities any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under or in respect of
this Indenture, or under any covenant, condition or provision herein contained; all such covenants, conditions and provisions being for
the sole benefit of the parties hereto and of the holders of the Securities.


 


Section 2.10        Authenticating
Agent. So long as any of the Securities of any series remain Outstanding there may be an Authenticating Agent for any or all such
series of Securities which the Trustee shall have the right to appoint. Said Authenticating Agent shall be authorized to act on behalf
of the Trustee to authenticate Securities of such series issued upon exchange, transfer or partial redemption thereof, and Securities
so authenticated shall be entitled to the benefits of this Indenture and shall be valid and obligatory for all purposes as if authenticated
by the Trustee hereunder. All references in this Indenture to the authentication of Securities by the Trustee shall be deemed to include
authentication by an Authenticating Agent for such series. Each Authenticating Agent shall be acceptable to the Company and shall be
a corporation that has a combined capital and surplus, as most recently reported or determined by it, sufficient under the laws of any
jurisdiction under which it is organized or in which it is doing business to conduct a trust business, and that is otherwise authorized
under such laws to conduct such business and is subject to supervision or examination by federal or state authorities. If at any time
any Authenticating Agent shall cease to be eligible in accordance with these provisions, it shall resign immediately.


 


Any Authenticating Agent may at any time resign by giving written notice
of resignation to the Trustee and to the Company. The Trustee may at any time (and upon request by the Company shall) terminate the agency
of any Authenticating Agent by giving written notice of termination to such Authenticating Agent and to the Company. Upon resignation,
termination or cessation of eligibility of any Authenticating Agent, the Trustee may appoint an eligible successor Authenticating Agent
acceptable to the Company. Any successor Authenticating Agent, upon acceptance of its appointment hereunder, shall become vested with
all the rights, powers and duties of its predecessor hereunder as if originally named as an Authenticating Agent pursuant hereto.


 






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Section 2.11        Global Securities.


 


(1)           If
the Company shall establish pursuant to Section 2.01 that the Securities of a particular series are to be issued as a Global Security,
then the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall, in accordance with Section 2.04, authenticate and deliver, a Global Security
that (i) shall represent, and shall be denominated in an amount equal to the aggregate principal amount of, all of the Outstanding
Securities of such series, (ii) shall be registered in the name of the Depositary or its nominee, (iii) shall be delivered by
the Trustee to the Depositary or pursuant to the Depositary’s instruction and (iv) shall bear a legend substantially to the
following effect: “Except as otherwise provided in Section 2.11 of the Indenture, this Security may be transferred, in whole
but not in part, only to another nominee of the Depositary or to a successor Depositary or to a nominee of such successor Depositary.”


 


(2)           Notwithstanding
the provisions of Section 2.05, the Global Security of a series may be transferred, in whole but not in part and in the manner provided
in Section 2.05, only to another nominee of the Depositary for such series, or to a successor Depositary for such series selected
or approved by the Company or to a nominee of such successor Depositary.


 


(3)           If
at any time the Depositary for a series of the Securities notifies the Company that it is unwilling or unable to continue as Depositary
for such series or if at any time the Depositary for such series shall no longer be registered or in good standing under the Exchange
Act, or other applicable statute or regulation, and a successor Depositary for such series is not appointed by the Company within 90 days
after the Company receives such notice or becomes aware of such condition, as the case may be, or if an Event of Default has occurred
and is continuing and the Company has received a request from the Depositary or from the Trustee, this Section 2.11 shall no longer
be applicable to the Securities of such series and the Company will execute, and subject to Section 2.04, the Trustee will authenticate
and deliver the Securities of such series in definitive registered form without coupons, in authorized denominations, and in an aggregate
principal amount equal to the principal amount of the Global Security of such series in exchange for such Global Security. In addition,
the Company may at any time determine that the Securities of any series shall no longer be represented by a Global Security and that the
provisions of this Section 2.11 shall no longer apply to the Securities of such series. In such event the Company will execute and,
subject to Section 2.04, the Trustee, upon receipt of an Officer’s Certificate evidencing such determination by the Company,
will authenticate and deliver the Securities of such series in definitive registered form without coupons, in authorized denominations,
and in an aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of the Global Security of such series in exchange for such Global Security.
Upon the exchange of the Global Security for such Securities in definitive registered form without coupons, in authorized denominations,
the Global Security shall be canceled by the Trustee. Such Securities in definitive registered form issued in exchange for the Global
Security pursuant to this Section 2.11(3) shall be registered in such names and in such authorized denominations as the Depositary,
pursuant to instructions from its direct or indirect participants or otherwise, shall instruct the Trustee. The Trustee shall deliver
such Securities to the Depositary for delivery to the Persons in whose names such Securities are so registered.


 


Article 3


 


REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES AND SINKING FUND PROVISIONS


 


Section 3.01        Redemption.
The Company may redeem the Securities of any series issued hereunder on and after the dates and in accordance with the terms established
for such series pursuant to Section 2.01 hereof.


 


Section 3.02        Notice of Redemption.


 


(1)           In
case the Company shall desire to exercise such right to redeem all or, as the case may be, a portion of the Securities of any series in
accordance with any right the Company reserved for itself to do so pursuant to Section 2.01 hereof, the Company shall, or shall cause
the Trustee to, give notice of such redemption to holders of the Securities of such series to be redeemed by mailing, first class postage
prepaid, a notice of such redemption not less than 30 days and not more than 90 days before the date fixed for redemption of that series
to such holders at their last addresses as they shall appear upon the Security Register, unless a shorter period is specified in the Securities
to be redeemed. Any notice that is mailed in the manner herein provided shall be conclusively presumed to have been duly given, whether
or not the registered holder receives the notice. In any case, failure duly to give such notice to the holder of any Security of any series
designated for redemption in whole or in part, or any defect in the notice, shall not affect the validity of the proceedings for the redemption
of any other Securities of such series or any other series. In the case of any redemption of Securities prior to the expiration of any
restriction on such redemption provided in the terms of such Securities or elsewhere in this Indenture, the Company shall furnish the
Trustee with an Officer’s Certificate evidencing compliance with any such restriction.


 






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Each such notice of redemption shall specify the date fixed for redemption
and the redemption price at which Securities of that series are to be redeemed, and shall state that payment of the redemption price of
such Securities to be redeemed will be made at the office or agency of the Company, upon presentation and surrender of such Securities,
that interest accrued to the date fixed for redemption will be paid as specified in said notice, that from and after said date interest
will cease to accrue and that the redemption is from a sinking fund, if such is the case. If less than all the Securities of a series
are to be redeemed, the notice to the holders of Securities of that series to be redeemed in part shall specify the particular Securities
to be so redeemed.


 


In case any Security is to be redeemed in part only, the notice that
relates to such Security shall state the portion of the principal amount thereof to be redeemed, and shall state that on and after the
redemption date, upon surrender of such Security, a new Security or Securities of such series in principal amount equal to the unredeemed
portion thereof will be issued.


 


(2)           If
less than all the Securities of a series are to be redeemed, the Company shall give the Trustee at least 45 days’ notice (unless
a shorter notice shall be satisfactory to the Trustee) in advance of the date fixed for redemption as to the aggregate principal amount
of Securities of the series to be redeemed, and thereupon the Trustee shall select, by lot or in such other manner as it shall deem appropriate
and fair in its discretion and that may provide for the selection of a portion or portions (equal to one thousand U.S. dollars ($1,000)
or any integral multiple thereof) of the principal amount of such Securities of a denomination larger than $1,000, the Securities to be
redeemed and shall thereafter promptly notify the Company in writing of the numbers of the Securities to be redeemed, in whole or in part.
The Company may, if and whenever it shall so elect, by delivery of instructions signed on its behalf by an Officer, instruct the Trustee
or any paying agent to call all or any part of the Securities of a particular series for redemption and to give notice of redemption in
the manner set forth in this Section, such notice to be in the name of the Company or its own name as the Trustee or such paying agent
may deem advisable. In any case in which notice of redemption is to be given by the Trustee or any such paying agent, the Company shall
deliver or cause to be delivered to, or permit to remain with, the Trustee or such paying agent, as the case may be, such Security Register,
transfer books or other records, or suitable copies or extracts therefrom, sufficient to enable the Trustee or such paying agent to give
any notice by mail that may be required under the provisions of this Section.


 


Section 3.03        Payment Upon
Redemption.


 


(1)           If
the giving of notice of redemption shall have been completed as above provided, the Securities or portions of Securities of the series
to be redeemed specified in such notice shall become due and payable on the date and at the place stated in such notice at the applicable
redemption price, together with interest accrued to the date fixed for redemption and interest on such Securities or portions of Securities
shall cease to accrue on and after the date fixed for redemption, unless the Company shall default in the payment of such redemption price
and accrued interest with respect to any such Security or portion thereof. On presentation and surrender of such Securities on or after
the date fixed for redemption at the place of payment specified in the notice, said Securities shall be paid and redeemed at the applicable
redemption price for such series, together with interest accrued thereon to the date fixed for redemption (but if the date fixed for redemption
is an interest payment date, the interest installment payable on such date shall be payable to the registered holder at the close of business
on the applicable record date pursuant to Section 2.03).


 


(2)           Upon
presentation of any Security of such series that is to be redeemed in part only, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate
and the office or agency where the Security is presented shall deliver to the holder thereof, at the expense of the Company, a new Security
of the same series of authorized denominations in principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion of the Security so presented.


 


Section 3.04        Sinking Fund.
The provisions of Sections 3.04, 3.05 and 3.06 shall be applicable to any sinking fund for the retirement of Securities of a series,
except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 2.01 for Securities of such series.


 


The minimum amount of any sinking fund payment provided for by the
terms of Securities of any series is herein referred to as a “mandatory sinking fund payment,” and any payment in excess of
such minimum amount provided for by the terms of Securities of any series is herein referred to as an “optional sinking fund payment”.
If provided for by the terms of Securities of any series, the cash amount of any sinking fund payment may be subject to reduction as provided
in Section 3.05. Each sinking fund payment shall be applied to the redemption of Securities of any series as provided for by the
terms of Securities of such series.


 






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Section 3.05        Satisfaction
of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities. The Company (i) may deliver Outstanding Securities of a series and (ii) may apply
as a credit Securities of a series that have been redeemed either at the election of the Company pursuant to the terms of such Securities
or through the application of permitted optional sinking fund payments pursuant to the terms of such Securities, in each case in satisfaction
of all or any part of any sinking fund payment with respect to the Securities of such series required to be made pursuant to the terms
of such Securities as provided for by the terms of such series, provided that such Securities have not been previously so credited. Such
Securities shall be received and credited for such purpose by the Trustee at the redemption price specified in such Securities for redemption
through operation of the sinking fund and the amount of such sinking fund payment shall be reduced accordingly.


 


Section 3.06        Redemption of
Securities for Sinking Fund. Not less than 45 days prior to each sinking fund payment date for any series of Securities (unless a
shorter period shall be satisfactory to the Trustee), the Company will deliver to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate specifying
the amount of the next ensuing sinking fund payment for that series pursuant to the terms of the series, the portion thereof, if any,
that is to be satisfied by delivering and crediting Securities of that series pursuant to Section 3.05 and the basis for such credit
and will, together with such Officer’s Certificate, deliver to the Trustee any Securities to be so delivered. Not less than 30
days before each such sinking fund payment date the Trustee shall select the Securities to be redeemed upon such sinking fund payment
date in the manner specified in Section 3.02 and cause notice of the redemption thereof to be given in the name of and at the expense
of the Company in the manner provided in Section 3.02. Such notice having been duly given, the redemption of such Securities shall
be made upon the terms and in the manner stated in Section 3.03.


 


Article 4


 


COVENANTS


 


Section 4.01        Payment of Principal,
Premium and Interest. The Company will duly and punctually pay or cause to be paid the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest
on the Securities of that series at the time and place and in the manner provided herein and established with respect to such Securities.
Payments of principal on the Securities may be made at the time provided herein and established with respect to such Securities by U.S.
dollar check drawn on and mailed to the address of the Securityholder entitled thereto as such address shall appear in the Security Register,
or U.S. dollar wire transfer to, a U.S. dollar account if such Securityholder shall have furnished wire instructions to the Trustee no
later than 15 days prior to the relevant payment date. Payments of interest on the Securities may be made at the time provided herein
and established with respect to such Securities by U.S. dollar check mailed to the address of the Securityholder entitled thereto as
such address shall appear in the Security Register, or U.S. dollar wire transfer to, a U.S. dollar account if such Securityholder shall
have furnished wire instructions in writing to the Security Registrar and the Trustee no later than 15 days prior to the relevant payment
date.


 


Section 4.02        Maintenance
of Office or Agency. So long as any series of the Securities remain Outstanding, the Company agrees to maintain an office or agency
with respect to each such series and at such other location or locations as may be designated as provided in this Section 4.02,
where (i) Securities of that series may be presented for payment, (ii) Securities of that series may be presented as herein
above authorized for registration of transfer and exchange, and (iii) notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of the
Securities of that series and this Indenture may be given or served, such designation to continue with respect to such office or agency
until the Company shall, by written notice signed by any officer authorized to sign an Officer’s Certificate and delivered to the
Trustee, designate some other office or agency for such purposes or any of them. If at any time the Company shall fail to maintain any
such required office or agency or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the address thereof, such presentations, notices and demands
may be made or served at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, and the Company hereby appoints the Trustee as its agent to receive
all such presentations, notices and demands. The Company initially appoints the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee as its paying agent
with respect to the Securities.


 






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Section 4.03        Paying Agents.


 


(1)           If
the Company shall appoint one or more paying agents for all or any series of the Securities, other than the Trustee, the Company will
cause each such paying agent to execute and deliver to the Trustee an instrument in which such agent shall agree with the Trustee, subject
to the provisions of this Section:


 


(a)           that
it will hold all sums held by it as such agent for the payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on the Securities
of that series (whether such sums have been paid to it by the Company or by any other obligor of such Securities) in trust for the benefit
of the Persons entitled thereto;


 


(b)          that
it will give the Trustee notice of any failure by the Company (or by any other obligor of such Securities) to make any payment of the
principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on the Securities of that series when the same shall be due and payable;


 


(c)           that
it will, at any time during the continuance of any failure referred to in the preceding paragraph (a)(2) above, upon the written
request of the Trustee, forthwith pay to the Trustee all sums so held in trust by such paying agent; and


 


(d)          that
it will perform all other duties of paying agent as set forth in this Indenture.


 


(2)          If
the Company shall act as its own paying agent with respect to any series of the Securities, it will on or before each due date of the
principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on Securities of that series, set aside, segregate and hold in trust for the benefit of
the Persons entitled thereto a sum sufficient to pay such principal (and premium, if any) or interest so becoming due on Securities of
that series until such sums shall be paid to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as herein provided and will promptly notify the Trustee
of such action, or any failure (by it or any other obligor on such Securities) to take such action. Whenever the Company shall have one
or more paying agents for any series of Securities, it will, prior to each due date of the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest
on any Securities of that series, deposit with the paying agent a sum sufficient to pay the principal (and premium, if any) or interest
so becoming due, such sum to be held in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled to such principal, premium or interest, and (unless
such paying agent is the Trustee) the Company will promptly notify the Trustee of this action or failure so to act.


 


(3)           Notwithstanding
anything in this Section to the contrary, (i) the agreement to hold sums in trust as provided in this Section is subject
to the provisions of Section 11.05, and (ii) the Company may at any time, for the purpose of obtaining the satisfaction and
discharge of this Indenture or for any other purpose, pay, or direct any paying agent to pay, to the Trustee all sums held in trust by
the Company or such paying agent, such sums to be held by the Trustee upon the same terms and conditions as those upon which such sums
were held by the Company or such paying agent; and, upon such payment by the Company or any paying agent to the Trustee, the Company or
such paying agent shall be released from all further liability with respect to such money.


 


Section 4.04        Appointment
to Fill Vacancy in Office of Trustee. The Company, whenever necessary to avoid or fill a vacancy in the office of Trustee, will appoint,
in the manner provided in Section 7.10, a Trustee, so that there shall at all times be a Trustee hereunder.


 


Section 4.05        Compliance with
Consolidation Provisions. The Company will not, while any of the Securities remain Outstanding, consolidate with or merge into any
other Person, in either case where the Company is not the survivor of such transaction, or sell or convey all or substantially all of
its property to any other Person unless the provisions of Article Ten hereof are complied with.


 


Article 5


 


SECURITYHOLDERS’ LISTS AND REPORTS BY
THE COMPANY AND THE TRUSTEE


 


Section 5.01        Company to Furnish
Trustee Names and Addresses of Securityholders. The Company will furnish or cause to be furnished to the Trustee (a) within
15 days after each regular record date (as defined in Section 2.03) a list, in such form as the Trustee may reasonably require,
of the names and addresses of the holders of each series of Securities as of such regular record date, provided that the Company shall
not be obligated to furnish or cause to furnish such list at any time that the list shall not differ in any respect from the most recent
list furnished to the Trustee by the Company and (b) at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing within 30 days after
the receipt by the Company of any such request, a list of similar form and content as of a date not more than 15 days prior to the time
such list is furnished; provided, however, that, in either case, no such list need be furnished for any series for which the Trustee
shall be the Security Registrar.


 






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Section 5.02        Preservation
Of Information; Communications With Securityholders.


 


(1)           The
Trustee shall preserve, in as current a form as is reasonably practicable, all information as to the names and addresses of the holders
of Securities contained in the most recent list furnished to it as provided in Section 5.01 and as to the names and addresses of
holders of Securities received by the Trustee in its capacity as Security Registrar (if acting in such capacity).


 


(2)           The
Trustee may destroy any list furnished to it as provided in Section 5.01 upon receipt of a new list so furnished.


 


(3)           Securityholders
may communicate as provided in Section 312(b) of the Trust Indenture Act with other Securityholders with respect to their rights
under this Indenture or under the Securities, and, in connection with any such communications, the Trustee shall satisfy its obligations
under Section 312(b) of the Trust Indenture Act in accordance with the provisions of Section 312(b) of the Trust Indenture
Act.


 


Section 5.03        Reports by the
Company.


 


(1)           The
Company covenants and agrees to provide (which delivery may be via electronic mail) to the Trustee within 30 days, after the Company files
the same with the Commission, copies of the annual reports and of the information, documents and other reports (or copies of such portions
of any of the foregoing as the Commission may from time to time by rules and regulations prescribe) that the Company is required
to file with the Commission pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act; provided, however, the Company
shall not be required to deliver to the Trustee any materials for which the Company has sought and received confidential treatment by
the Commission; and provided further, that so long as such filings by the Company are available on the Commission’s Electronic Data
Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval System (EDGAR), or Interactive Data Electronic Applications (IDEA), or any successor system, such filings
shall be deemed to have been filed with the Trustee for purposes hereof without any further action required by the Company; provided that
an electronic link to such filing, together with an electronic notice of such filing have been sent to the Trustee. For the avoidance
of doubt, a failure by the Company to file annual reports, information and other reports with the SEC within the time period prescribed
thereof by the Commission shall not be deemed a breach of this Section 5.03.


 


(2)           Delivery
of reports, information and documents to the Trustee under Section 5.03 is for informational purposes only and the information and
the Trustee’s receipt of the foregoing shall not constitute constructive notice of any information contained therein, or determinable
from information contained therein including the Company’s compliance with any of their covenants thereunder (as to which the Trustee
is entitled to rely exclusively on an Officer’s Certificate).


 


Section 5.04        Reports by the
Trustee.


 


(1)           If
required by Section 313(a) of the Trust Indenture Act, the Trustee, within sixty (60) days after each May 1, shall transmit
by mail, first class postage prepaid, to the Securityholders, as their names and addresses appear upon the Security Register, a brief
report dated as of such May 1, which complies with Section 313(a) of the Trust Indenture Act.


 


(2)           The
Trustee shall comply with Section 313(b) and 313(c) of the Trust Indenture Act.


 


(3) A copy of each such report shall, at the time of such transmission
to Securityholders, be filed by the Trustee with the Company, with each securities exchange upon which any Securities are listed (if so
listed) and also with the Commission. The Company agrees to notify the Trustee when any Securities become listed on any securities exchange.


 






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Article 6


 


REMEDIES OF THE TRUSTEE AND SECURITYHOLDERS
ON EVENT OF DEFAULT


 


Section 6.01        Events of Default.


 


(1)           Whenever
used herein with respect to Securities of a particular series, “Event of Default” means any one or more of the following events
that has occurred and is continuing:


 


(a)           the
Company defaults in the payment of any installment of interest upon any of the Securities of that series, as and when the same shall become
due and payable, and such default continues for a period of 90 days; provided, however, that a valid extension of an interest payment
period by the Company in accordance with the terms of any indenture supplemental hereto shall not constitute a default in the payment
of interest for this purpose;


 


(b)          the
Company defaults in the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any, on) any of the Securities of that series as and when the same
shall become due and payable whether at maturity, upon redemption, by declaration or otherwise, or in any payment required by any sinking
or analogous fund established with respect to that series; provided, however, that a valid extension of the maturity of such Securities
in accordance with the terms of any indenture supplemental hereto shall not constitute a default in the payment of principal or premium,
if any;


 


(c)           the
Company fails to observe or perform any other of its covenants or agreements with respect to that series contained in this Indenture or
otherwise established with respect to that series of Securities pursuant to Section 2.01 hereof (other than a covenant or agreement
that has been expressly included in this Indenture solely for the benefit of one or more series of Securities other than such series)
for a period of 90 days after the date on which written notice of such failure, requiring the same to be remedied and stating that such
notice is a “Notice of Default” hereunder, shall have been given to the Company by the Trustee, by registered or certified
mail, or to the Company and the Trustee by the holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the Securities of that series at the time
Outstanding;


 


(d)           the
Company pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law (i) commences a voluntary case, (ii) consents to the entry of
an order for relief against it in an involuntary case, (iii) consents to the appointment of a Custodian of it or for all or substantially
all of its property or (iv) makes a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors; or


 


(e)           a
court of competent jurisdiction enters an order under any Bankruptcy Law that (i) is for relief against the Company in an involuntary
case, (ii) appoints a Custodian of the Company for all or substantially all of its property or (iii) orders the liquidation
of the Company, and the order or decree remains unstayed and in effect for 90 days.


 


(2)           In
each and every such case (other than an Event of Default specified in clause (4) or clause (5) above), unless the principal
of all the Securities of that series shall have already become due and payable, either the Trustee or the holders of not less than 25%
in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of that series then Outstanding hereunder, by notice in writing to the Company (and to
the Trustee if given by such Securityholders), may declare the principal of (and premium, if any, on) and accrued and unpaid interest
on all the Securities of that series to be due and payable immediately, and upon any such declaration the same shall become and shall
be immediately due and payable. If an Event of Default specified in clause (4) or clause (5) above occurs, the principal of
and accrued and unpaid interest on all the Securities of that series shall automatically be immediately due and payable without any declaration
or other act on the part of the Trustee or the holders of the Securities.


 


(3)          At
any time after the principal of (and premium, if any, on) and accrued and unpaid interest on the Securities of that series shall have
been so declared due and payable, and before any judgment or decree for the payment of the moneys due shall have been obtained or entered
as hereinafter provided, the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of that series then Outstanding hereunder,
by written notice to the Company and the Trustee, may rescind and annul such declaration and its consequences if: (i) the Company
has paid or deposited with the Trustee a sum sufficient to pay all matured installments of interest upon all the Securities of that series
and the principal of (and premium, if any, on) any and all Securities of that series that shall have become due otherwise than by acceleration
(with interest upon such principal and premium, if any, and, to the extent that such payment is enforceable under applicable law, upon
overdue installments of interest, at the rate per annum expressed in the Securities of that series to the date of such payment or deposit)
and the amount payable to the Trustee under Section 7.06, and (ii) any and all Events of Default under the Indenture with respect
to such series, other than the nonpayment of principal on (and premium, if any, on) and accrued and unpaid interest on Securities of that
series that shall not have become due by their terms, shall have been remedied or waived as provided in Section 6.06.


 






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No such rescission and annulment shall extend to or shall affect any
subsequent default or impair any right consequent thereon.


 


(4)           In
case the Trustee shall have proceeded to enforce any right with respect to Securities of that series under this Indenture and such proceedings
shall have been discontinued or abandoned because of such rescission or annulment or for any other reason or shall have been determined
adversely to the Trustee, then and in every such case, subject to any determination in such proceedings, the Company and the Trustee shall
be restored respectively to their former positions and rights hereunder, and all rights, remedies and powers of the Company and the Trustee
shall continue as though no such proceedings had been taken.


 


Section 6.02        Collection of
Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee.


 


(1)           The
Company covenants that (i) in case it shall default in the payment of any installment of interest on any of the Securities of a series,
or in any payment required by any sinking or analogous fund established with respect to that series as and when the same shall have become
due and payable, and such default shall have continued for a period of 90 days, or (ii) in case it shall default in the payment of
the principal of (or premium, if any, on) any of the Securities of a series when the same shall have become due and payable, whether upon
maturity of the Securities of a series or upon redemption or upon declaration or otherwise then, upon demand of the Trustee, the Company
will pay to the Trustee, for the benefit of the holders of the Securities of that series, the whole amount that then shall have been become
due and payable on all such Securities for principal (and premium, if any) or interest, or both, as the case may be, with interest upon
the overdue principal (and premium, if any) and (to the extent that payment of such interest is enforceable under applicable law) upon
overdue installments of interest at the rate per annum expressed in the Securities of that series; and, in addition thereto, such further
amount as shall be sufficient to cover the costs and expenses of collection, and the amount payable to the Trustee under Section 7.06.


 


(2)           If
the Company shall fail to pay such amounts forthwith upon such demand, the Trustee, in its own name and as trustee of an express trust,
shall be entitled and empowered to institute any action or proceedings at law or in equity for the collection of the sums so due and unpaid,
and may prosecute any such action or proceeding to judgment or final decree, and may enforce any such judgment or final decree against
the Company or other obligor upon the Securities of that series and collect the moneys adjudged or decreed to be payable in the manner
provided by law or equity out of the property of the Company or other obligor upon the Securities of that series, wherever situated.


 


(3)           In
case of any receivership, insolvency, liquidation, bankruptcy, reorganization, readjustment, arrangement, composition or judicial proceedings
affecting the Company, or its creditors or property, the Trustee shall have power to intervene in such proceedings and take any action
therein that may be permitted by the court and shall (except as may be otherwise provided by law) be entitled to file such proofs of claim
and other papers and documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Trustee and of the holders of Securities
of such series allowed for the entire amount due and payable by the Company under the Indenture at the date of institution of such proceedings
and for any additional amount that may become due and payable by the Company after such date, and to collect and receive any moneys or
other property payable or deliverable on any such claim, and to distribute the same after the deduction of the amount payable to the Trustee
under Section 7.06; and any receiver, assignee or trustee in bankruptcy or reorganization is hereby authorized by each of the holders
of Securities of such series to make such payments to the Trustee, and, in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of such
payments directly to such Securityholders, to pay to the Trustee any amount due it under Section 7.06.


 


(4)           All
rights of action and of asserting claims under this Indenture, or under any of the terms established with respect to Securities of that
series, may be enforced by the Trustee without the possession of any of such Securities, or the production thereof at any trial or other
proceeding relative thereto, and any such suit or proceeding instituted by the Trustee shall be brought in its own name as trustee of
an express trust, and any recovery of judgment shall, after provision for payment to the Trustee of any amounts due under Section 7.06,
be for the ratable benefit of the holders of the Securities of such series.


 






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In case of an Event of Default hereunder, the Trustee may in its discretion
proceed to protect and enforce the rights vested in it by this Indenture by such appropriate judicial proceedings as the Trustee shall
deem most effectual to protect and enforce any of such rights, either at law or in equity or in bankruptcy or otherwise, whether for the
specific enforcement of any covenant or agreement contained in the Indenture or in aid of the exercise of any power granted in this Indenture,
or to enforce any other legal or equitable right vested in the Trustee by this Indenture or by law.


 


Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to
authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Securityholder any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition
affecting the Securities of that series or the rights of any holder thereof or to authorize the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim
of any Securityholder in any such proceeding.


 


Section 6.03        Application
of Moneys Collected. Any moneys collected by the Trustee pursuant to this Article with respect to a particular series of Securities
shall be applied in the following order, at the date or dates fixed by the Trustee and, in case of the distribution of such moneys on
account of principal (or premium, if any) or interest, upon presentation of the Securities of that series, and notation thereon of the
payment, if only partially paid, and upon surrender thereof if fully paid:


 


FIRST: To the payment of reasonable costs and expenses of
collection and of all amounts payable to the Trustee under Section 7.06;


 


SECOND: To the payment of the amounts then due and unpaid
upon Securities of such series for principal (and premium, if any) and interest, in respect of which or for the benefit of which such
money has been collected, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind, according to the amounts due and payable on such Securities
for principal (and premium, if any) and interest, respectively; and


 


THIRD: To the payment of the remainder, if any, to the Company
or any other Person lawfully entitled thereto.


 


Section 6.04         Limitation on
Suits. No holder of any Security of any series shall have any right by virtue or by availing of any provision of this Indenture or
any Security to institute any suit, action or proceeding in equity or at law upon or under or with respect to this Indenture, any Security
or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee, or for any other remedy hereunder, unless (i) such holder previously shall have
given to the Trustee written notice of an Event of Default and of the continuance thereof with respect to the Securities of such series
specifying such Event of Default, as hereinbefore provided; (ii) the holders of not less than 25% in aggregate principal amount
of the Securities of such series then Outstanding shall have made written request upon the Trustee to institute such action, suit or
proceeding in its own name as Trustee hereunder; (iii) such holder or holders shall have offered to the Trustee such reasonable
indemnity as it may require against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred therein or thereby; (iv) the Trustee for
90 days after its receipt of such notice, request and offer of indemnity, shall have failed to institute any such action, suit or proceeding
and (v) during such 90 day period, the holders of a majority in principal amount of the Securities of that series do not give the
Trustee a direction inconsistent with the request.


 


Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary or any other
provisions of this Indenture, the right of any holder of any Security to receive payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) and
interest on such Security, as therein provided, on or after the respective due dates expressed in such Security (or in the case of redemption,
on the redemption date), or to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after such respective dates or redemption
date, shall not be impaired or affected without the consent of such holder and by accepting a Security hereunder it is expressly understood,
intended and covenanted by the taker and holder of every Security of such series with every other such taker and holder and the Trustee,
that no one or more holders of Securities of such series shall have any right in any manner whatsoever by virtue or by availing of any
provision of this Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of the holders of any other of such Securities, or to obtain or
seek to obtain priority over or preference to any other such holder, or to enforce any right under this Indenture, except in the manner
herein provided and for the equal, ratable and common benefit of all holders of Securities of such series. For the protection and enforcement
of the provisions of this Section, each and every Securityholder and the Trustee shall be entitled to such relief as can be given either
at law or in equity.


 



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Section 6.05        Rights and Remedies
Cumulative; Delay or Omission Not Waiver.


 


(1)            Except
as otherwise provided in Section 2.07, all powers and remedies given by this Article to the Trustee or to the Securityholders
shall, to the extent permitted by law, be deemed cumulative and not exclusive of any other powers and remedies available to the Trustee
or the holders of the Securities, by judicial proceedings or otherwise, to enforce the performance or observance of the covenants and
agreements contained in this Indenture or otherwise established with respect to such Securities.


 


(2)            No
delay or omission of the Trustee or of any holder of any of the Securities to exercise any right or power accruing upon any Event of Default
occurring and continuing as aforesaid shall impair any such right or power, or shall be construed to be a waiver of any such default or
an acquiescence therein; and, subject to the provisions of Section 6.04, every power and remedy given by this Article or by
law to the Trustee or the Securityholders may be exercised from time to time, and as often as shall be deemed expedient, by the Trustee
or by the Securityholders.


 


Section 6.06       Control by Securityholders.
The holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of any series at the time Outstanding, determined in accordance
with Section 8.04, shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available
to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred on the Trustee with respect to such series; provided, however, that such direction
shall not be in conflict with any rule of law or with this Indenture or subject the Trustee in its sole discretion to personal liability.
Subject to the provisions of Section 7.01, the Trustee shall have the right to decline to follow any such direction if the Trustee
in good faith shall, by a Responsible Officer or Responsible Officers of the Trustee, determine that the proceeding so directed, subject
to the Trustee’s duties under the Trust Indenture Act, would involve the Trustee in personal liability or might be unduly prejudicial
to the Securityholders not involved in the proceeding. The holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of any
series at the time Outstanding affected thereby, determined in accordance with Section 8.04, may on behalf of the holders of all
of the Securities of such series waive any past default in the performance of any of the covenants contained herein or established pursuant
to Section 2.01 with respect to such series and its consequences, except a default in the payment of the principal of, or premium,
if any, or interest on, any of the Securities of that series as and when the same shall become due by the terms of such Securities otherwise
than by acceleration (unless such default has been cured and a sum sufficient to pay all matured installments of interest and principal
and any premium has been deposited with the Trustee (in accordance with Section 6.01(3)). Upon any such waiver, the default covered
thereby shall be deemed to be cured for all purposes of this Indenture and the Company, the Trustee and the holders of the Securities
of such series shall be restored to their former positions and rights hereunder, respectively; but no such waiver shall extend to any
subsequent or other default or impair any right consequent thereon.


 


Section 6.07      Undertaking
to Pay Costs. All parties to this Indenture agree, and each holder of any Securities by such holder’s acceptance thereof shall
be deemed to have agreed, that any court may in its discretion require, in any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under
this Indenture, or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken or omitted by it as Trustee, the filing by any party litigant
in such suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of such suit, and that such court may in its discretion assess reasonable costs, including
reasonable attorneys’ fees, against any party litigant in such suit, having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims
or defenses made by such party litigant; but the provisions of this Section shall not apply to any suit instituted by the Trustee,
to any suit instituted by any Securityholder, or group of Securityholders, holding more than 10% in aggregate principal amount of the
Outstanding Securities of any series, or to any suit instituted by any Securityholder for the enforcement of the payment of the principal
of (or premium, if any) or interest on any Security of such series, on or after the respective due dates expressed in such Security or
established pursuant to this Indenture.


 


Article 7

 


CONCERNING THE TRUSTEE


 


Section 7.01      Certain Duties
and Responsibilities of Trustee.


 


(1)            The
Trustee, prior to the occurrence of an Event of Default with respect to the Securities of a series and after the curing of all Events
of Default with respect to the Securities of that series that may have occurred, shall undertake to perform with respect to the Securities
of such series such duties and only such duties as are specifically set forth in this Indenture, and no implied covenants shall be read
into this Indenture against the Trustee. In case an Event of Default with respect to the Securities of a series has occurred (that has
not been cured or waived), the Trustee shall exercise with respect to Securities of that series such of the rights and powers vested in
it by this Indenture, and use the same degree of care and skill in their exercise, as a prudent man would exercise or use under the circumstances
in the conduct of his own affairs.


 






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(2)            No
provision of this Indenture shall be construed to relieve the Trustee from liability for its own negligent action, its own negligent failure
to act, or its own willful misconduct, except that:


 


(a)            prior
to the occurrence of an Event of Default with respect to the Securities of a series and after the curing or waiving of all such Events
of Default with respect to that series that may have occurred:


 


(A)            the
duties and obligations of the Trustee shall with respect to the Securities of such series be determined solely by the express provisions
of this Indenture, and the Trustee shall not be liable with respect to the Securities of such series except for the performance of such
duties and obligations as are specifically set forth in this Indenture, and no implied covenants or obligations shall be read into this
Indenture against the Trustee; and


 


(B)            in
the absence of bad faith on the part of the Trustee, the Trustee may with respect to the Securities of such series conclusively rely,
as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon any certificates or opinions furnished to
the Trustee and conforming to the requirements of this Indenture; but in the case of any such certificates or opinions that by any provision
hereof are specifically required to be furnished to the Trustee, the Trustee shall be under a duty to examine the same to determine whether
or not they conform to the requirements of this Indenture;


 


(b)            the
Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in good faith by a Responsible Officer or Responsible Officers of the Trustee,
unless it shall be proved that the Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts;


 


(c)            the
Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action taken or omitted to be taken by it in good faith in accordance with the direction
of the holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the Securities of any series at the time Outstanding relating to the
time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred
upon the Trustee under this Indenture with respect to the Securities of that series; and


 


(d)            none
of the provisions contained in this Indenture shall require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur personal financial
liability in the performance of any of its duties or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers if there is reasonable ground for
believing that the repayment of such funds or liability is not reasonably assured to it under the terms of this Indenture or adequate
indemnity against such risk is not reasonably assured to it.


 


Section 7.02       Certain Rights
of Trustee. Except as otherwise provided in Section 7.01:


 


(1)            The
Trustee may rely and shall be protected in acting or refraining from acting upon any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion,
report, notice, request, consent, order, approval, bond, security or other paper or document believed by it to be genuine and to have
been signed or presented by the proper party or parties;


 


(2)            Any
request, direction, order or demand of the Company mentioned herein shall be sufficiently evidenced by a Board Resolution or an instrument
signed in the name of the Company by any authorized officer of the Company (unless other evidence in respect thereof is specifically prescribed
herein);


 


(3)            The
Trustee may consult with counsel and the written advice of such counsel or, if requested, any Opinion of Counsel shall be full and complete
authorization and protection in respect of any action taken or suffered or omitted hereunder in good faith and in reliance thereon;


 


(4)            The
Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request, order or direction
of any of the Securityholders pursuant to the provisions of this Indenture, unless such Securityholders shall have offered to the Trustee
reasonable security or indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities that may be incurred therein or thereby; nothing contained
herein shall, however, relieve the Trustee of the obligation, upon the occurrence of an Event of Default with respect to a series of the
Securities (that has not been cured or waived), to exercise with respect to Securities of that series such of the rights and powers vested
in it by this Indenture, and to use the same degree of care and skill in their exercise, as a prudent man would exercise or use under
the circumstances in the conduct of his own affairs;


 






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(5)            The
Trustee shall not be liable for any action taken or omitted to be taken by it in good faith and believed by it to be authorized or within
the discretion or rights or powers conferred upon it by this Indenture;


 


(6)            The
Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument,
opinion, report, notice, request, consent, order, approval, bond, security, or other papers or documents, unless requested in writing
so to do by the holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of the particular series affected
thereby (determined as provided in Section 8.04); provided, however, that if the payment within a reasonable time to the Trustee
of the costs, expenses or liabilities likely to be incurred by it in the making of such investigation is, in the opinion of the Trustee,
not reasonably assured to the Trustee by the security afforded to it by the terms of this Indenture, the Trustee may require reasonable
indemnity against such costs, expenses or liabilities as a condition to so proceeding. The reasonable expense of every such examination
shall be paid by the Company or, if paid by the Trustee, shall be repaid by the Company upon demand;


 


(7)            The
Trustee may execute any of the trusts or powers hereunder or perform any duties hereunder either directly or by or through agents or attorneys
and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any misconduct or negligence on the part of any agent or attorney appointed with due care
by it hereunder;


 


(8)            In
no event shall the Trustee be responsible or liable for any failure or delay in the performance of its obligations hereunder arising out
of or caused by, directly or indirectly, forces beyond its control, including, without limitation, strikes, work stoppages, accidents,
acts of war or terrorism, civil or military disturbances, nuclear or natural catastrophes or acts of God, and interruptions, loss or malfunctions
of utilities, communications or computer (software and hardware) services; it being understood that the Trustee shall use reasonable efforts
which are consistent with accepted practices in the banking industry to resume performance as soon as practicable under the circumstances;


 


(9)            In
no event shall the Trustee be responsible or liable for special, indirect, or consequential loss or damage of any kind whatsoever (including,
but not limited to, loss of profit) irrespective of whether the Trustee has been advised of the likelihood of such loss or damage and
regardless of the form of action; and


 


(10)         The
Trustee agrees to accept and act upon instructions or directions pursuant to this Indenture sent by unsecured e-mail, facsimile transmission
or other similar unsecured electronic methods; provided, however, that (a) the party providing such written instructions, subsequent
to such transmission of written instructions, shall provide the originally executed instructions or directions to the Trustee in a timely
manner, and (b) such originally executed instructions or directions shall be signed by an authorized representative of the party
providing such instructions or directions. If the party elects to give the Trustee e-mail or facsimile instructions (or instructions by
a similar electronic method) and the Trustee in its discretion elects to act upon such instructions, the Trustee’s understanding
of such instructions shall be deemed controlling. The Trustee shall not be liable for any losses, costs or expenses arising directly or
indirectly from the Trustee’s reliance upon and compliance with such instructions notwithstanding such instructions conflict or
are inconsistent with a subsequent written instruction. The party providing electronic instructions agrees to assume all risks arising
out of the use of such electronic methods to submit instructions and directions to the Trustee, including without limitation the risk
of the Trustee acting on unauthorized instructions, and the risk or interception and misuse by third parties.


 


In addition, the Trustee shall not be deemed to have knowledge of any
Default or Event of Default until the Trustee shall have received written notification in the manner set forth in this Indenture or a
Responsible Officer of the Trustee shall have obtained actual knowledge.


 


Section 7.03       Trustee Not Responsible
for Recitals or Issuance or Securities.


 


(1)            The
recitals contained herein and in the Securities shall be taken as the statements of the Company, and the Trustee assumes no responsibility
for the correctness of the same.


 






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(2)            The
Trustee makes no representations as to the validity or sufficiency of this Indenture or of the Securities.


 


The Trustee shall not be accountable for the use or application by
the Company of any of the Securities or of the proceeds of such Securities, or for the use or application of any moneys paid over by the
Trustee in accordance with any provision of this Indenture or established pursuant to Section 2.01, or for the use or application
of any moneys received by any paying agent other than the Trustee.


 


Section 7.04       May Hold
Securities. The Trustee or any paying agent or Security Registrar, in its individual or any other capacity, may become the owner
or pledgee of Securities with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee, paying agent or Security Registrar.


 


Section 7.05       Moneys Held
in Trust. Subject to the provisions of Section 11.05, all moneys received by the Trustee shall, until used or applied as herein
provided, be held in trust for the purposes for which they were received, but need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent
required by law. The Trustee shall be under no liability for interest on any moneys received by it hereunder except such as it may agree
with the Company to pay thereon.


 


Section 7.06       Compensation
and Reimbursement.


 


(1)            The
Company covenants and agrees to pay to the Trustee, and the Trustee shall be entitled to, such reasonable compensation (which shall not
be limited by any provision of law in regard to the compensation of a trustee of an express trust) as the Company and the Trustee may
from time to time agree in writing, for all services rendered by it in the execution of the trusts hereby created and in the exercise
and performance of any of the powers and duties hereunder of the Trustee, and, except as otherwise expressly provided herein, the Company
will pay or reimburse the Trustee upon its request for all reasonable expenses, disbursements and advances incurred or made by the Trustee
in accordance with any of the provisions of this Indenture (including the reasonable compensation and the expenses and disbursements of
its counsel and of all Persons not regularly in its employ), except any such expense, disbursement or advance as may arise from its negligence
or bad faith and except as the Company and Trustee may from time to time agree in writing. The Company also covenants to indemnify the
Trustee (and its officers, agents, directors and employees) for, and to hold it harmless against, any loss, liability or expense incurred
without negligence or bad faith on the part of the Trustee and arising out of or in connection with the acceptance or administration of
this trust, including the reasonable costs and expenses of defending itself against any claim of liability in the premises.


 


(2)            The
obligations of the Company under this Section to compensate and indemnify the Trustee and to pay or reimburse the Trustee for reasonable
expenses, disbursements and advances shall constitute additional indebtedness hereunder. Such additional indebtedness shall be secured
by a lien prior to that of the Securities upon all property and funds held or collected by the Trustee as such, except funds held in trust
for the benefit of the holders of particular Securities.


 


(3)            To
ensure the Company’s payment obligations in this Section, the Trustee shall have a lien prior to the Securities on all funds or
property held or collected by the Trustee, except that held in trust to pay principal of or interest on particular Securities. When the
Trustee incurs expenses or renders services in connection with an Event of Default specified in Section 6.01(1)(d) or (1)(e),
the expenses (including the reasonable fees and expenses of its counsel) and the compensation for services in connection therewith are
to constitute expenses of administration under any Bankruptcy Law. The provisions of this Section 7.06 shall survive the termination
of this Indenture and the resignation or removal of the Trustee.


 


Section 7.07       Reliance on
Officer’s Certificate. Except as otherwise provided in Section 7.01, whenever in the administration of the provisions
of this Indenture the Trustee shall deem it reasonably necessary or desirable that a matter be proved or established prior to taking
or suffering or omitting to take any action hereunder, such matter (unless other evidence in respect thereof be herein specifically prescribed)
may, in the absence of negligence or bad faith on the part of the Trustee, be deemed to be conclusively proved and established by an
Officer’s Certificate delivered to the Trustee and such certificate, in the absence of negligence or bad faith on the part of the
Trustee, shall be full warrant to the Trustee for any action taken, suffered or omitted to be taken by it under the provisions of this
Indenture upon the faith thereof.


 


Section 7.08       Disqualification;
Conflicting Interests. If the Trustee has or shall acquire any “conflicting interest” within the meaning of Section 310(b) of
the Trust Indenture Act, the Trustee and the Company shall in all respects comply with the provisions of Section 310(b) of
the Trust Indenture Act.


 






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Section 7.09       Corporate Trustee
Required; Eligibility. There shall at all times be a Trustee with respect to the Securities issued hereunder which shall at all times
be a corporation organized and doing business under the laws of the United States of America or any state or territory thereof or of
the District of Columbia, or a corporation or other Person permitted to act as trustee by the Commission, authorized under such laws
to exercise corporate trust powers, having a combined capital and surplus of at least fifty million U.S. dollars ($50,000,000), and subject
to supervision or examination by federal, state, territorial, or District of Columbia authority.


 


If such corporation or other Person publishes reports of condition
at least annually, pursuant to law or to the requirements of the aforesaid supervising or examining authority, then for the purposes of
this Section, the combined capital and surplus of such corporation or other Person shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus
as set forth in its most recent report of condition so published. The Company may not, nor may any Person directly or indirectly controlling,
controlled by, or under common control with the Company, serve as Trustee. In case at any time the Trustee shall cease to be eligible
in accordance with the provisions of this Section, the Trustee shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect specified in
Section 7.10.


 


Section 7.10       Resignation and
Removal; Appointment of Successor.


 


(1)            The
Trustee or any successor hereafter appointed may at any time resign with respect to the Securities of one or more series by giving written
notice thereof to the Company and by transmitting notice of resignation by mail, first class postage prepaid, to the Securityholders of
such series, as their names and addresses appear upon the Security Register. Upon receiving such notice of resignation, the Company shall
promptly appoint a successor trustee with respect to Securities of such series by written instrument, in duplicate, executed by order
of the Board of Directors, one copy of which instrument shall be delivered to the resigning Trustee and one copy to the successor trustee.
If no successor trustee shall have been so appointed and have accepted appointment within 30 days after the mailing of such notice of
resignation, the resigning Trustee may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor trustee with respect
to Securities of such series, or any Securityholder of that series who has been a bona fide holder of a Security or Securities for at
least six months may on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated, petition any such court for the appointment of a successor
trustee. Such court may thereupon after such notice, if any, as it may deem proper and prescribe, appoint a successor trustee.


 


(2)            In
case at any time any one of the following shall occur:


 


(a)            the
Trustee shall fail to comply with the provisions of Section 7.08 after written request therefor by the Company or by any Securityholder
who has been a bona fide holder of a Security or Securities for at least six months; or


 


(b)            the
Trustee shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of Section 7.09 and shall fail to resign after written request
therefor by the Company or by any such Securityholder; or


 


(c)            the
Trustee shall become incapable of acting, or shall be adjudged a bankrupt or insolvent, or commence a voluntary bankruptcy proceeding,
or a receiver of the Trustee or of its property shall be appointed or consented to, or any public officer shall take charge or control
of the Trustee or of its property or affairs for the purpose of rehabilitation, conservation or liquidation; then, in any such case, the
Company may remove the Trustee with respect to all Securities and appoint a successor trustee by written instrument, in duplicate, executed
by order of the Board of Directors, one copy of which instrument shall be delivered to the Trustee so removed and one copy to the successor
trustee, or any Securityholder who has been a bona fide holder of a Security or Securities for at least six months may, on behalf of that
holder and all others similarly situated, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Trustee and the appointment
of a successor trustee. Such court may thereupon after such notice, if any, as it may deem proper and prescribe, remove the Trustee and
appoint a successor trustee.


 


(3)            The
holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of any series at the time Outstanding may at any time remove the
Trustee with respect to such series by so notifying the Trustee and the Company and may appoint a successor Trustee for such series with
the consent of the Company.


 






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(4)            Any
resignation or removal of the Trustee and appointment of a successor trustee with respect to the Securities of a series pursuant to any
of the provisions of this Section shall become effective upon acceptance of appointment by the successor trustee as provided in Section 7.11.


 


(5)            Any
successor trustee appointed pursuant to this Section may be appointed with respect to the Securities of one or more series or all
of such series, and at any time there shall be only one Trustee with respect to the Securities of any particular series.


 


Section 7.11       Acceptance of
Appointment By Successor.


 


(1)            In
case of the appointment hereunder of a successor trustee with respect to all Securities, every such successor trustee so appointed shall
execute, acknowledge and deliver to the Company and to the retiring Trustee an instrument accepting such appointment, and thereupon the
resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective and such successor trustee, without any further act, deed or conveyance,
shall become vested with all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee; but, on the request of the Company or the
successor trustee, such retiring Trustee shall, upon payment of its charges, execute and deliver an instrument transferring to such successor
trustee all the rights, powers, and trusts of the retiring Trustee and shall duly assign, transfer and deliver to such successor trustee
all property and money held by such retiring Trustee hereunder.


 


(2)            In
case of the appointment hereunder of a successor trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more (but not all) series, the Company,
the retiring Trustee and each successor trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more series shall execute and deliver an indenture
supplemental hereto wherein each successor trustee shall accept such appointment and which (i) shall contain such provisions as shall
be necessary or desirable to transfer and confirm to, and to vest in, each successor trustee all the rights, powers, trusts and duties
of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such successor trustee relates,
(ii) shall contain such provisions as shall be deemed necessary or desirable to confirm that all the rights, powers, trusts and duties
of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series as to which the retiring Trustee is not retiring shall
continue to be vested in the retiring Trustee, and (iii) shall add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall
be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee, it being understood that
nothing herein or in such supplemental indenture shall constitute such Trustees co-trustees of the same trust, that each such Trustee
shall be trustee of a trust or trusts hereunder separate and apart from any trust or trusts hereunder administered by any other such Trustee
and that no Trustee shall be responsible for any act or failure to act on the part of any other Trustee hereunder; and upon the execution
and delivery of such supplemental indenture the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective to the extent provided
therein, such retiring Trustee shall with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such successor
trustee relates have no further responsibility for the exercise of rights and powers or for the performance of the duties and obligations
vested in the Trustee under this Indenture, and each such successor trustee, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become
vested with all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series to
which the appointment of such successor trustee relates; but, on request of the Company or any successor trustee, such retiring Trustee
shall duly assign, transfer and deliver to such successor trustee, to the extent contemplated by such supplemental indenture, the property
and money held by such retiring Trustee hereunder with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such
successor trustee relates.


 


(3)            Upon
request of any such successor trustee, the Company shall execute any and all instruments for more fully and certainly vesting in and confirming
to such successor trustee all such rights, powers and trusts referred to in paragraph (1) or (2) of this Section, as the case
may be.


 


(4)            No
successor trustee shall accept its appointment unless at the time of such acceptance such successor trustee shall be qualified and eligible
under this Article.


 


(5)            Upon
acceptance of appointment by a successor trustee as provided in this Section, the Company shall transmit notice of the succession of such
trustee hereunder by mail, first class postage prepaid, to the Securityholders, as their names and addresses appear upon the Security
Register. If the Company fails to transmit such notice within ten days after acceptance of appointment by the successor trustee, the successor
trustee shall cause such notice to be transmitted at the expense of the Company.


 






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Section 7.12       Merger, Conversion,
Consolidation or Succession to Business. Any corporation into which the Trustee may be merged or converted or with which it may be
consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which the Trustee shall be a party, or any
corporation succeeding to the corporate trust business of the Trustee, including the administration of the trust created by this Indenture,
shall be the successor of the Trustee hereunder, provided that such corporation shall be qualified under the provisions of Section 7.08
and eligible under the provisions of Section 7.09, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of
any of the parties hereto, anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding. In case any Securities shall have been authenticated, but
not delivered, by the Trustee then in office, any successor by merger, conversion or consolidation to such authenticating Trustee may
adopt such authentication and deliver the Securities so authenticated with the same effect as if such successor Trustee had itself authenticated
such Securities.


 


Section 7.13       Preferential
Collection of Claims Against the Company. The Trustee shall comply with Section 311(a) of the Trust Indenture Act, excluding
any creditor relationship described in Section 311(b) of the Trust Indenture Act. A Trustee who has resigned or been removed
shall be subject to Section 311(a) of the Trust Indenture Act to the extent included therein.


 


Section 7.14       Notice of Default.
If any Event of Default occurs and is continuing and if such Event of Default is known to a Responsible Officer of the Trustee, the Trustee
shall mail to each Securityholder in the manner and to the extent provided in Section 313(c) of the Trust Indenture Act notice
of the Event of Default within the earlier of 90 days after it occurs and 30 days after it is known to a Responsible Officer of the Trustee
or written notice of it is received by the Trustee, unless such Event of Default has been cured; provided, however, that, except in the
case of a default in the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any) or interest on any Security, the Trustee shall be protected
in withholding such notice if and so long as the board of directors, the executive committee or a trust committee of directors and/or
Responsible Officers of the Trustee in good faith determine that the withholding of such notice is in the interest of the Securityholders.


 


Article 8

 


CONCERNING THE SECURITYHOLDERS


 


Section 8.01       Evidence of
Action by Securityholders. Whenever in this Indenture it is provided that the holders of a majority or specified percentage in aggregate
principal amount of the Securities of a particular series may take any action (including the making of any demand or request, the giving
of any notice, consent or waiver or the taking of any other action), the fact that at the time of taking any such action the holders
of such majority or specified percentage of that series have joined therein may be evidenced by any instrument or any number of instruments
of similar tenor executed by such holders of Securities of that series in person or by agent or proxy appointed in writing.


 


If the Company shall solicit from the Securityholders of any series
any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action, the Company may, at its option, as evidenced by
an Officer’s Certificate, fix in advance a record date for such series for the determination of Securityholders entitled to give
such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action, but the Company shall have no obligation to do
so. If such a record date is fixed, such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action may be given
before or after the record date, but only the Securityholders of record at the close of business on the record date shall be deemed to
be Securityholders for the purposes of determining whether Securityholders of the requisite proportion of Outstanding Securities of that
series have authorized or agreed or consented to such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action,
and for that purpose the Outstanding Securities of that series shall be computed as of the record date; provided, however, that no such
authorization, agreement or consent by such Securityholders on the record date shall be deemed effective unless it shall become effective
pursuant to the provisions of this Indenture not later than six months after the record date.


 


Section 8.02       Proof of Execution
by Securityholders. Subject to the provisions of Section 7.01, proof of the execution of any instrument by a Securityholder
(such proof will not require notarization) or his agent or proxy and proof of the holding by any Person of any of the Securities shall
be sufficient if made in the following manner:


 


(1)            The
fact and date of the execution by any such Person of any instrument may be proved in any reasonable manner acceptable to the Trustee.


 






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(2)            The
ownership of Securities shall be proved by the Security Register of such Securities or by a certificate of the Security Registrar thereof.


 


The Trustee may require such additional proof of any matter referred
to in this Section as it shall deem necessary.


 


Section 8.03       Who May be
Deemed Owners. Prior to the due presentment for registration of transfer of any Security, the Company, the Trustee, any paying agent
and any Security Registrar may deem and treat the Person in whose name such Security shall be registered upon the books of the Company
as the absolute owner of such Security (whether or not such Security shall be overdue and notwithstanding any notice of ownership or
writing thereon made by anyone other than the Security Registrar) for the purpose of receiving payment of or on account of the principal
of, premium, if any, and (subject to Section 2.03) interest on such Security and for all other purposes; and neither the Company
nor the Trustee nor any paying agent nor any Security Registrar shall be affected by any notice to the contrary.


 


Section 8.04       Certain Securities
Owned by Company Disregarded. In determining whether the holders of the requisite aggregate principal amount of Securities of a particular
series have concurred in any direction, consent or waiver under this Indenture, the Securities of that series that are owned by the Company
or any other obligor on the Securities of that series or by any Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under common
control with the Company or any other obligor on the Securities of that series shall be disregarded and deemed not to be Outstanding
for the purpose of any such determination, except that for the purpose of determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying
on any such direction, consent or waiver, only Securities of such series that the Trustee actually knows are so owned shall be so disregarded.
The Securities so owned that have been pledged in good faith may be regarded as Outstanding for the purposes of this Section, if the
pledgee shall establish to the satisfaction of the Trustee the pledgee’s right so to act with respect to such Securities and that
the pledgee is not a Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with the Company
or any such other obligor. In case of a dispute as to such right, any decision by the Trustee taken upon the advice of counsel shall
be full protection to the Trustee.


 


Section 8.05       Actions Binding
on Future Securityholders. At any time prior to (but not after) the evidencing to the Trustee, as provided in Section 8.01,
of the taking of any action by the holders of the majority or percentage in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of a particular
series specified in this Indenture in connection with such action, any holder of a Security of that series that is shown by the evidence
to be included in the Securities the holders of which have consented to such action may, by filing written notice with the Trustee, and
upon proof of holding as provided in Section 8.02, revoke such action so far as concerns such Security. Except as aforesaid any
such action taken by the holder of any Security shall be conclusive and binding upon such holder and upon all future holders and owners
of such Security, and of any Security issued in exchange therefor, on registration of transfer thereof or in place thereof, irrespective
of whether or not any notation in regard thereto is made upon such Security. Any action taken by the holders of the majority or percentage
in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of a particular series specified in this Indenture in connection with such action shall
be conclusively binding upon the Company, the Trustee and the holders of all the Securities of that series.


 


Article 9

 


SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES


 


Section 9.01       Supplemental
Indentures Without the Consent of Securityholders. In addition to any supplemental indenture otherwise authorized by this Indenture,
the Company and the Trustee may from time to time and at any time enter into an indenture or indentures supplemental hereto (which shall
conform to the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act as then in effect), without the consent of the Securityholders, for one or more
of the following purposes:


 


(1)            to
cure any ambiguity, defect, or inconsistency herein or in the Securities of any series;


 


(2)            to
comply with Article Ten;


 


(3)            to
provide for uncertificated Securities in addition to or in place of certificated Securities;


 


(4)            to
add to the covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions relating to the Company for the benefit of the holders of all or any series
of Securities (and if such covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions are to be for the benefit of less than all series of Securities,
stating that such covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions are expressly being included solely for the benefit of such series),
to make the occurrence, or the occurrence and the continuance, of a default in any such additional covenants, restrictions, conditions
or provisions an Event of Default, or to surrender any right or power herein conferred upon the Company;


 






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(5)            to
add to, delete from, or revise the conditions, limitations, and restrictions on the authorized amount, terms, or purposes of issue, authentication,
and delivery of Securities, as herein set forth;


 


(6)            to
make any change that does not adversely affect the rights of any Securityholder in any material respect;


 


(7)            to
provide for the issuance of and establish the form and terms and conditions of the Securities of any series as provided in Section 2.01,
to establish the form of any certifications required to be furnished pursuant to the terms of this Indenture or any series of Securities,
or to add to the rights of the holders of any series of Securities;


 


(8)            to
evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment hereunder by a successor trustee; or


 


(9)            to
comply with any requirements of the Commission or any successor in connection with the qualification of this Indenture under the Trust
Indenture Act.


 


The Trustee is hereby authorized to join with the Company in the execution
of any such supplemental indenture, and to make any further appropriate agreements and stipulations that may be therein contained, but
the Trustee shall not be obligated to enter into any such supplemental indenture that affects the Trustee’s own rights, duties or
immunities under this Indenture or otherwise.


 


Any supplemental indenture authorized by the provisions of this Section may
be executed by the Company and the Trustee without the consent of the holders of any of the Securities at the time Outstanding, notwithstanding
any of the provisions of Section 9.02.


 


Section 9.02       Supplemental
Indentures With Consent of Securityholders. With the consent (evidenced as provided in Section 8.01) of the holders of not less
than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of each series affected by such supplemental indenture or indentures
at the time Outstanding, the Company, when authorized by a Board Resolution, and the Trustee may from time to time and at any time enter
into an indenture or indentures supplemental hereto (which shall conform to the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act as then in effect)
for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of this Indenture or of any
supplemental indenture or of modifying in any manner not covered by Section 9.01 the rights of the holders of the Securities of
such series under this Indenture; provided, however, that no such supplemental indenture shall, without the consent of the holders of
each Security then Outstanding and affected thereby, (a) extend the fixed maturity of any Securities of any series, or reduce the
principal amount thereof, or reduce the rate or extend the time of payment of interest thereon, or reduce any premium payable upon the
redemption thereof or (b) reduce the aforesaid percentage of Securities, the holders of which are required to consent to any such
supplemental indenture.


 


It shall not be necessary for the consent of the Securityholders of
any series affected thereby under this Section to approve the particular form of any proposed supplemental indenture, but it shall
be sufficient if such consent shall approve the substance thereof.


 


Section 9.03       Effect of Supplemental
Indentures. Upon the execution of any supplemental indenture pursuant to the provisions of this Article or of Section 10.01,
this Indenture shall, with respect to such series, be and be deemed to be modified and amended in accordance therewith and the respective
rights, limitations of rights, obligations, duties and immunities under this Indenture of the Trustee, the Company and the holders of
Securities of the series affected thereby shall thereafter be determined, exercised and enforced hereunder subject in all respects to
such modifications and amendments, and all the terms and conditions of any such supplemental indenture shall be and be deemed to be part
of the terms and conditions of this Indenture for any and all purposes.


 


Section 9.04       Securities Affected
by Supplemental Indentures. Securities of any series affected by a supplemental indenture, authenticated and delivered after the
execution of such supplemental indenture pursuant to the provisions of this Article or of Section 10.01, may bear a notation
in form approved by the Company, provided such form meets the requirements of any securities exchange upon which such series may be listed,
as to any matter provided for in such supplemental indenture. If the Company shall so determine, new Securities of that series so modified
as to conform, in the opinion of the Board of Directors, to any modification of this Indenture contained in any such supplemental indenture
may be prepared by the Company, authenticated by the Trustee and delivered in exchange for the Securities of that series then Outstanding.


 






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Section 9.05       Execution of
Supplemental Indentures. Upon the request of the Company, accompanied by its Board Resolutions authorizing the execution of any such
supplemental indenture, and upon the filing with the Trustee of evidence of the consent of Securityholders required to consent thereto
as aforesaid, the Trustee shall join with the Company in the execution of such supplemental indenture unless such supplemental indenture
affects the Trustee’s own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise, in which case the Trustee may in its
discretion but shall not be obligated to enter into such supplemental indenture. The Trustee, subject to the provisions of Section 7.01,
shall receive an Officer’s Certificate or an Opinion of Counsel as conclusive evidence that any supplemental indenture executed
pursuant to this Article is authorized or permitted by the terms of this Article and that all conditions precedent to the execution
of the supplemental indenture have been complied with; provided, however, that such Officer’s Certificate or Opinion of Counsel
need not be provided in connection with the execution of a supplemental indenture that establishes the terms of a series of Securities
pursuant to Section 2.01 hereof.


 


Promptly after the execution by the Company and the Trustee of any
supplemental indenture pursuant to the provisions of this Section, the Company shall (or shall direct the Trustee to) transmit by mail,
first class postage prepaid, a notice, setting forth in general terms the substance of such supplemental indenture, to the Securityholders
of all series affected thereby as their names and addresses appear upon the Security Register. Any failure of the Company to mail, or
cause the mailing of, such notice, or any defect therein, shall not, however, in any way impair or affect the validity of any such supplemental
indenture.


 


Article 10

 


SUCCESSOR ENTITY


 


Section 10.01     Company May Consolidate,
Etc. Nothing contained in this Indenture shall prevent any consolidation or merger of the Company with or into any other Person (whether
or not affiliated with the Company) or successive consolidations or mergers in which the Company or its successor or successors shall
be a party or parties, or shall prevent any sale, conveyance, transfer or other disposition of the property of the Company or its successor
or successors as an entirety, or substantially as an entirety, to any other corporation (whether or not affiliated with the Company or
its successor or successors) authorized to acquire and operate the same; provided, however, (a) the Company hereby covenants and
agrees that, upon any such consolidation or merger (in each case, if the Company is not the survivor of such transaction), sale, conveyance,
transfer or other disposition, the due and punctual payment of the principal of (premium, if any) and interest on all of the Securities
of all series in accordance with the terms of each series, according to their tenor, and the due and punctual performance and observance
of all the covenants and conditions of this Indenture with respect to each series or established with respect to such series pursuant
to Section 2.01 to be kept or performed by the Company shall be expressly assumed, by supplemental indenture (which shall conform
to the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act, as then in effect) reasonably satisfactory in form to the Trustee executed and delivered
to the Trustee by the entity formed by such consolidation, or into which the Company shall have been merged, or by the entity which shall
have acquired such property and (b) in the event that the Securities of any series then Outstanding are convertible into or exchangeable
for shares of common stock or other securities of the Company, such entity shall, by such supplemental indenture, make provision so that
the Securityholders of Securities of that series shall thereafter be entitled to receive upon conversion or exchange of such Securities
the number of securities or property to which a holder of the number of shares of common stock or other securities of the Company deliverable
upon conversion or exchange of those Securities would have been entitled had such conversion or exchange occurred immediately prior to
such consolidation, merger, sale, conveyance, transfer or other disposition.


 


Section 10.02       Successor Entity
Substituted.


 


(1)            In
case of any such consolidation, merger, sale, conveyance, transfer or other disposition and upon the assumption by the successor entity
by supplemental indenture, executed and delivered to the Trustee and satisfactory in form to the Trustee, of the obligations set forth
under Section 10.01 on all of the Securities of all series Outstanding, such successor entity shall succeed to and be substituted
for the Company with the same effect as if it had been named as the Company herein, and thereupon the predecessor corporation shall be
relieved of all obligations and covenants under this Indenture and the Securities.


 






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(2)            In
case of any such consolidation, merger, sale, conveyance, transfer or other disposition, such changes in phraseology and form (but not
in substance) may be made in the Securities thereafter to be issued as may be appropriate.


 


(3)            Nothing
contained in this Article shall require any action by the Company in the case of a consolidation or merger of any Person into the
Company where the Company is the survivor of such transaction, or the acquisition by the Company, by purchase or otherwise, of all or
any part of the property of any other Person (whether or not affiliated with the Company).


 


Article 11




 


SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE


 


Section 11.01      Satisfaction
and Discharge of Indenture. If at any time: (a) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee for cancellation all Securities
of a series theretofore authenticated and not delivered to the Trustee for cancellation (other than any Securities that shall have been
destroyed, lost or stolen and that shall have been replaced or paid as provided in Section 2.07 and Securities for whose payment
money or Governmental Obligations have theretofore been deposited in trust or segregated and held in trust by the Company and thereupon
repaid to the Company or discharged from such trust, as provided in Section 11.05); or (b) all such Securities of a particular
series not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation shall have become due and payable, or are by their terms to become due
and payable within one year or are to be called for redemption within one year under arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for the
giving of notice of redemption, and the Company shall deposit or cause to be deposited with the Trustee as trust funds the entire amount
in moneys or Governmental Obligations or a combination thereof, sufficient in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent
public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, to pay at maturity or upon redemption all Securities
of that series not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, including principal (and premium, if any) and interest due
or to become due to such date of maturity or date fixed for redemption, as the case may be, and if the Company shall also pay or cause
to be paid all other sums payable hereunder with respect to such series by the Company then this Indenture shall thereupon cease to be
of further effect with respect to such series except for the provisions of Sections 2.03, 2.05, 2.07, 4.01, 4.02, 4.03 and 7.10, that
shall survive until the date of maturity or redemption date, as the case may be, and Sections 7.06 and 11.05, that shall survive to such
date and thereafter, and the Trustee, on demand of the Company and at the cost and expense of the Company shall execute proper instruments
acknowledging satisfaction of and discharging this Indenture with respect to such series.


 


Section 11.02      Discharge of
Obligations. If at any time all such Securities of a particular series not heretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation or
that have not become due and payable as described in Section 11.01 shall have been paid by the Company by depositing irrevocably
with the Trustee as trust funds moneys or an amount of Governmental Obligations sufficient to pay at maturity or upon redemption all
such Securities of that series not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, including principal (and premium, if any) and
interest due or to become due to such date of maturity or date fixed for redemption, as the case may be, and if the Company shall also
pay or cause to be paid all other sums payable hereunder by the Company with respect to such series, then after the date such moneys
or Governmental Obligations, as the case may be, are deposited with the Trustee the obligations of the Company under this Indenture with
respect to such series shall cease to be of further effect except for the provisions of Sections 2.03, 2.05, 2.07, 4,01, 4.02, 4,03,
7.06, 7.10 and 11.05 hereof that shall survive until such Securities shall mature and be paid.


 


Thereafter, Sections 7.06 and 11.05 shall survive.


 


Section 11.03      Deposited Moneys
to be Held in Trust. All moneys or Governmental Obligations deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Sections 11.01 or 11.02 shall
be held in trust and shall be available for payment as due, either directly or through any paying agent (including the Company acting
as its own paying agent), to the holders of the particular series of Securities for the payment or redemption of which such moneys or
Governmental Obligations have been deposited with the Trustee.


 


Section 11.04      Payment of
Moneys Held by Paying Agents. In connection with the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture all moneys or Governmental Obligations
then held by any paying agent under the provisions of this Indenture shall, upon demand of the Company, be paid to the Trustee and thereupon
such paying agent shall be released from all further liability with respect to such moneys or Governmental Obligations.


 






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Section 11.05       Repayment to
Company. Any moneys or Governmental Obligations deposited with any paying agent or the Trustee, or then held by the Company, in trust
for payment of principal of or premium, if any, or interest on the Securities of a particular series that are not applied but remain
unclaimed by the holders of such Securities for at least two years after the date upon which the principal of (and premium, if any) or
interest on such Securities shall have respectively become due and payable, or such other shorter period set forth in applicable escheat
or abandoned or unclaimed property law, shall be repaid to the Company on May 31 of each year or upon the Company’s request
or (if then held by the Company) shall be discharged from such trust; and thereupon the paying agent and the Trustee shall be released
from all further liability with respect to such moneys or Governmental Obligations, and the holder of any of the Securities entitled
to receive such payment shall thereafter, as a general creditor, look only to the Company for the payment thereof.


 


Article 12

 


IMMUNITY OF INCORPORATORS, STOCKHOLDERS, OFFICERS
AND DIRECTORS


 


Section 12.01       No Recourse.
No recourse under or upon any obligation, covenant or agreement of this Indenture, or of any Security, or for any claim based thereon
or otherwise in respect thereof, shall be had against any incorporator, stockholder, officer or director, past, present or future as
such, of the Company or of any predecessor or successor corporation, either directly or through the Company or any such predecessor or
successor corporation, whether by virtue of any constitution, statute or rule of law, or by the enforcement of any assessment or
penalty or otherwise; it being expressly understood that this Indenture and the obligations issued hereunder are solely corporate obligations,
and that no such personal liability whatever shall attach to, or is or shall be incurred by, the incorporators, stockholders, officers
or directors as such, of the Company or of any predecessor or successor corporation, or any of them, because of the creation of the indebtedness
hereby authorized, or under or by reason of the obligations, covenants or agreements contained in this Indenture or in any of the Securities
or implied therefrom; and that any and all such personal liability of every name and nature, either at common law or in equity or by
constitution or statute, of, and any and all such rights and claims against, every such incorporator, stockholder, officer or director
as such, because of the creation of the indebtedness hereby authorized, or under or by reason of the obligations, covenants or agreements
contained in this Indenture or in any of the Securities or implied therefrom, are hereby expressly waived and released as a condition
of, and as a consideration for, the execution of this Indenture and the issuance of such Securities.


 


Article 13

 


MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS


 


Section 13.01     Effect on Successors
and Assigns. All the covenants, stipulations, promises and agreements in this Indenture made by or on behalf of the Company shall
bind its successors and assigns, whether so expressed or not.


 


Section 13.02     Actions by
Successor. Any act or proceeding by any provision of this Indenture authorized or required to be done or performed by any board,
committee or officer of the Company shall and may be done and performed with like force and effect by the corresponding board, committee
or officer of any corporation that shall at the time be the lawful successor of the Company.


 


Section 13.03     Surrender of
Company Powers. The Company by instrument in writing executed by authority of its Board of Directors and delivered to the Trustee
may surrender any of the powers reserved to the Company, and thereupon such power so surrendered shall terminate both as to the Company
and as to any successor corporation.


 


Section 13.04     Notices.
Except as otherwise expressly provided herein, any notice, request or demand that by any provision of this Indenture is required or permitted
to be given, made or served by the Trustee or by the holders of Securities or by any other Person pursuant to this Indenture to or on
the Company may be given or served by being deposited in first class mail, postage prepaid, addressed (until another address is filed
in writing by the Company with the Trustee), as follows: [ ]. Any notice, election, request or demand by the Company or any Securityholder
or by any other Person pursuant to this Indenture to or upon the Trustee shall be deemed to have been sufficiently given or made, for
all purposes, if given or made in writing at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee.


 






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Section 13.05     Governing Law.
This Indenture and each Security shall be deemed to be a contract made under the internal laws of the State of New York, and for all
purposes shall be construed in accordance with the laws of said State, except to the extent that the Trust Indenture Act is applicable.


 


Section 13.06     Treatment of
Securities as Debt. It is intended that the Securities will be treated as indebtedness and not as equity for federal income tax purposes.
The provisions of this Indenture shall be interpreted to further this intention.


 


Section 13.07     Certificates
and Opinions as to Conditions Precedent.


 


(1)            Upon
any application or demand by the Company to the Trustee to take any action under any of the provisions of this Indenture, the Company
shall furnish to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate stating that all conditions precedent provided for in this Indenture (other
than the certificate to be delivered pursuant to Section 13.12) relating to the proposed action have been complied with and, if requested,
an Opinion of Counsel stating that in the opinion of such counsel all such conditions precedent have been complied with, except that in
the case of any such application or demand as to which the furnishing of such documents is specifically required by any provision of this
Indenture relating to such particular application or demand, no additional certificate or opinion need be furnished.


 


(2)            Each
certificate or opinion provided for in this Indenture and delivered to the Trustee with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant
in this Indenture shall include (i) a statement that the Person making such certificate or opinion has read such covenant or condition;
(ii) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained
in such certificate or opinion are based; (iii) a statement that, in the opinion of such Person, he has made such examination or
investigation as is reasonably necessary to enable him to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition
has been complied with; and (iv) a statement as to whether or not, in the opinion of such Person, such condition or covenant has
been complied with.


 


Section 13.08     Payments on
Business Days. Except as provided pursuant to Section 2.01 pursuant to a Board Resolution, and set forth in an Officer’s
Certificate, or established in one or more indentures supplemental to this Indenture, in any case where the date of maturity of interest
or principal of any Security or the date of redemption of any Security shall not be a Business Day, then payment of interest or principal
(and premium, if any) may be made on the next succeeding Business Day with the same force and effect as if made on the nominal date of
maturity or redemption, and no interest shall accrue for the period after such nominal date.


 


Section 13.09     Conflict with
Trust Indenture Act. If and to the extent that any provision of this Indenture limits, qualifies or conflicts with the duties imposed
by Sections 310 to 317, inclusive, of the Trust Indenture Act, such imposed duties shall control.


 


Section 13.10     Counterparts.
This Indenture may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be an original, but such counterparts shall together
constitute but one and the same instrument.


 


Section 13.11     Separability.
In case any one or more of the provisions contained in this Indenture or in the Securities of any series shall for any reason be held
to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect, such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability shall not affect any other provisions
of this Indenture or of such Securities, but this Indenture and such Securities shall be construed as if such invalid or illegal or unenforceable
provision had never been contained herein or therein.


 


Section 13.12     Compliance
Certificates. The Company shall deliver to the Trustee, within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year during which any Securities
of any series were outstanding, an officer’s certificate stating whether or not the signers know of any Event of Default that occurred
during such fiscal year. Such certificate shall contain a certification from the principal executive officer, principal financial officer
or principal accounting officer of the Company that a review has been conducted of the activities of the Company and the Company’s
performance under this Indenture and that the Company has complied with all conditions and covenants under this Indenture. For purposes
of this Section 13.12, such compliance shall be determined without regard to any period of grace or requirement of notice provided
under this Indenture. If the officer of the Company signing such certificate has knowledge of such an Event of Default, the certificate
shall describe any such Event of Default and its status.


 



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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Indenture
to be duly executed all as of the day and year first above written.


 





	 	ESPERION THERAPEUTICS, INC.
	 	 
	 	By:
	 	Name:
	 	Title:
	 	 
	 	[TRUSTEE], as Trustee
	 	 
	 	By:
	 	Name:
	 	Title:



 






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CROSS-REFERENCE TABLE2


 


	Section of Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as Amended	 	Section of Indenture	 
	310(a)	 	 	7.09	 
	310(b)	 	 	7.08	 
	7.10	 	 	 	 
	310(c)	 	 	Inapplicable	 
	311(a)	 	 	7.13	 
	311(b)	 	 	7.13	 
	311(c)	 	 	Inapplicable	 
	312(a)	 	 	5.01	 
	 	 	 	5.02	(1)
	312(b)	 	 	5.02	(3)
	312(c)	 	 	5.02	(3)
	313(a)	 	 	5.04	(1)
	313(b)	 	 	5.04	(2)
	313(c)	 	 	5.04	(1)
	 	 	 	5.04	(2)
	313(d)	 	 	5.04	(3)
	314(a)	 	 	5.03	 
	 	 	 	13.12	 
	314(b)	 	 	Inapplicable	 
	314(c)	 	 	13.07	(1)
	314(d)	 	 	Inapplicable	 
	314(e)	 	 	13.07	(2)
	314(f)	 	 	Inapplicable	 
	315(a)	 	 	7.01	(1)
	 	 	 	7.01	(2)
	315(b)	 	 	7.14	 
	315(c)	 	 	7.01	 
	315(d)	 	 	7.01	(2)
	315(e)	 	 	6.07	 
	316(a)	 	 	6.06	 
	 	 	 	8.04	 
	316(b)	 	 	6.04	 
	316(c)	 	 	8.01	 
	317(a)	 	 	6.02	 
	317(b)	 	 	4.03	 
	318(a)	 	 	13.09	 



 





 






2 This Cross-Reference Table does not constitute part of
the Indenture and shall not have any bearing on the interpretation of any of its terms or provisions.