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                    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
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ARS Home Southeast Area Athens, Georgia U.S. National Poultry Research Center Quality and Safety Assessment Research Unit People & Locations







Gerald  Heitschmidt

(Jerry)
                        Quality and Safety Assessment Research Unit

                        




                        
                        Specialist
                        Phone: (706) 546-3519
                        
                        
                        Fax: (706) 546-3633(Employee information on this page comes from the REE Directory. Please contact your front office staff to update the REE Directory.)
                            **Publications**
                                                (Clicking on the reprint icon
                                                    Reprint Icon
                                                    will take you to the publication reprint.)El Saneamiento de Huevos: Lavadora

- (Other)Jones, D.R., Garcia, J.S., Hendricks, J., Barajas, V., Heitschmidt, G.W., Karcher, D.M. 2022. El Saneamiento de Huevos: Lavadora. Extension Reports. Available: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IBsctCazB4A&list=PLtXSf1tu3Jd-FMRe0wIQYnOyAFpTakk-I&index=23.Food grade dye for assessment of biofilm removal from stainless steel by cleaning and sanitizing agents

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Gamble, G.R., Lawrence, K.C., Park, B., Yoon, S.C., Heitschmidt, G.W. 2019. Food grade dye for assessment of biofilm removal from stainless steel by cleaning and sanitizing agents. Food Protection Trends. Volume 39, Issue 6: Pages 442–448.Hyperspectral image recovery using a color camera for detecting colonies of foodborne pathogens on agar plate
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Yoon, S.C., Shin, T., Heitschmidt, G.W., Lawrence, K.C., Park, B., Gamble, G.R. 2019. Hyperspectral image recovery using a color camera for detecting colonies of foodborne pathogens on agar plate. Journal of Biosystems Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42853-019-00024-y.Utilisation of visible/near-infrared hyperspectral images to classify aflatoxin B1 contaminated maize kernels

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Kimuli, D., Wang, W., Lawrence, K.C., Yoon, S.C., Ni, X., Heitschmidt, G.W. 2018. Utilisation of visible/near-infrared hyperspectral images to classify aflatoxin B1 contaminated maize kernels. Biosystems Engineering. 166:150-160.A SWIR hyperspectral imaging method for classifying Aflatoxin B1 contaminated maize kernels
                                                        

- (Proceedings)Kimuli, D., Lawrence, K.C., Yoon, S.C., Wang, W., Heitschmidt, G.W., Zhao, X. 2017. A SWIR hyperspectral imaging method for classifying Aflatoxin B1 contaminated maize kernels. ASABE Annual International Meeting. Paper No. 1700764.Detection of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in individual maize kernels using short wave infrared (SWIR) hyperspectral imaging

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Chu, X., Wang, W., Yoon, S.C., Ni, X., Heitschmidt, G.W. 2017. Detection of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in individual maize kernels using short wave infrared (SWIR) hyperspectral imaging. Biosystems Engineering. 157:13-23.Hyperspectral imaging using RGB color for foodborne pathogen detection

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Yoon, S.C., Shin, T., Lawrence, K.C., Heitschmidt, G.W., Park, B., Gamble, G.R. 2015. Hyperspectral imaging using RGB color for foodborne pathogen detection. Journal of Electronic Imaging. 24(4):043008.Feasibility of detecting Aflatoxin B1 in single maize kernels using hyperspectral imaging

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Wang, W., Ni, X., Lawrence, K.C., Yoon, S.C., Heitschmidt, G.W., Feldner, P.W. 2015. Feasibility of detecting Aflatoxin B1 in single maize kernels using hyperspectral imaging. Journal of Food Engineering. Volume 166, Pages 182–192 (2015).Hyperspectral imaging using a color camera and its application for pathogen detection
                                                        

- (Proceedings)Yoon, S.C., Shin, T., Heitschmidt, G.W., Lawrence, K.C., Park, B., Gamble, G.R. 2015. Hyperspectral imaging using a color camera and its application for pathogen detection. Proceedings for Electronic Imaging Meeting. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2083137.Near-infrared hyperspectral imaging for detecting Aflatoxin B1 of maize kernels

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Wei, W., Lawrence, K.C., Ni, X., Yoon, S.C., Heitschmidt, G.W., Feldner, P.W. 2014. Near-infrared hyperspectral imaging for detecting Aflatoxin B1 of maize kernels. Food Control. Volume 51, Pages 347-355, May 2015.Feasibility of detecting aflatoxin B1 on inoculated maize kernels surface using Vis/NIR hyperspectral imaging

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Wang, W., Heitschmidt, G.W., Windham, W.R., Feldner, P.W., Ni, X., Chu, X. 2015. Feasibility of detecting aflatoxin B1 on inoculated maize kernels surface using Vis/NIR hyperspectral imaging. Journal of Food Science. 80:M116-M122.Hyperspectral image reconstruction using RGB color for foodborne pathogen detection on agar plates

- (Proceedings)Yoon, S.C., Shin, T., Park, B., Lawrence, K.C., Heitschmidt, G.W. 2014. Hyperspectral image reconstruction using RGB color for foodborne pathogen detection on agar plates. Proceedings of SPIE. V. 9024, Image Processing: Machine Vision Applications VII, 902401 (March 7,);doi:10:1117/12.2041085.Differentiation of big-six non-O157 shiga-toxin producing escherichia coli (STEC) on spread plates of mixed cultures using hyperspectral imaging

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Yoon, S.C., Windham, W.R., Ladely, S.R., Heitschmidt, G.W., Lawrence, K.C., Park, B., Narang, N., Cray Jr, W.C. 2013. Differentiation of big-six non-O157 shiga-toxin producing escherichia coli (STEC) on spread plates of mixed cultures using hyperspectral imaging. Journal of Food Measurement & Characterization. 7(2):47-59.Hyperspectral imaging for differentiating colonies of non-O157 shiga-toxin producing echerichia coli (STEC) serogroups on spread plates of pure cultures

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Yoon, S.C., Windham, W.R., Ladely, S.R., Heitschmidt, G.W., Lawrence, K.C., Park, B., Narang, N., Cray Jr, W.C. 2013. Hyperspectral imaging for differentiating colonies of non-O157 shiga-toxin producing echerichia coli (STEC) serogroups on spread plates of pure cultures. Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy. 21(2):81-95.Dynamic and Static Shell Properties of White and Brown Shell Eggs Exposed to Modified-pressure Microcrack Detection Technology

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Jones, D.R., Broussard, V., Lawrence, K.C., Yoon, S.C., Heitschmidt, G.W. 2012. Dynamic and static shell properties of white and brown shell eggs exposed to modified-pressure microcrack detection technology. Poultry Science. 91:2658-2661.Hyperspectral imaging for detection of non-O157 shiga-toxin producing escherichia coli(STEC) serogroups on spread plates of mixed cultures

- (Proceedings)Yoon, S.C., Windham, W.R., Ladely, S.R., Heitschmidt, G.W., Lawrence, K.C., Park, B., Narang, N., Cray Jr, W.C. 2012. Hyperspectral imaging for detection of non-O157 shiga-toxin producing escherichia coli(STEC) serogroups on spread plates of mixed cultures. Proceedings of SPIE. 8369-09.The effect of regions of interest and spectral pre-processing on the detection of non-O157 shiga-toxin producing escherichia coli serogroups on agar media by hyperspectral imaging

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Windham, W.R., Yoon, S.C., Ladley, S.R., Heitschmidt, G.W., Lawrence, K.C., Park, B., Narang, N., William, C.C. 2012. The effect of regions of interest and spectral pre-processing on the detection of non-O157 shiga-toxin producing escherichia coli serogroups on agar media by hyperspectral imaging. Near Infrared Spectroscopy Journal. 20(5):547-558.Motion compensated image processing and optimal parameters for egg crack detection using modified pressure

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Yoon, S.C., Lawrence, K.C., Jones, D.R., Heitschmidt, G.W., Park, B. 2012. Motion compensated image processing and optimal parameters for egg crack detection using modified pressure. Sensing and Instrumentation for Food Quality and Safety. 5:172-184.Improved modified pressure imaging and software for egg micro-crack detection and egg quality grading

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Yoon, S.C., Lawrence, K.C., Jones, D.R., Heitschmidt, G.W. 2012. Improved modified pressure imaging and software for egg micro-crack detection and egg quality grading. Applied Engineering in Agriculture. 28(2):283-293.Improved hairline crack detector and poor shell-quality eggs

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Lawrence, K.C., Jones, D.R., Yoon, S.C., Heitschmidt, G.W., Anderson, K.E. 2011. Improved hairline crack detector and poor shell-quality eggs. Applied Engineering in Agriculture. 28:153-158.Rapid screening of huanglongbing-infected citrus leaves by near infrared reflectance spectroscopy

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Windham, W.R., Poole, G.H., Park, B., Heitschmidt, G.W., Albano, J.P., Gottwald, T.R., Lawrence, K.C., Hawkins, S.A. 2011. Rapid screening of huanglongbing-infected citrus leaves by near infrared reflectance spectroscopy. Transactions of the ASABE. 54(6):2253-2258.Line-scan hyperspectral imaging system for real-time inspection of poultry carcasses with fecal material and ingesta

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Yoon, S.C., Park, B., Lawrence, K.C., Windham, W.R., Heitschmidt, G.W. 2011. Line-scan hyperspectral imaging system for real-time inspection of poultry carcasses with fecal material and ingesta. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture. 79:159-168.Improved egg crack detection algorithm for modified pressure imaging system

- (Proceedings)Yoon, S.C., Lawrence, K.C., Jones, D.R., Heitschmidt, G.W., Park, B. 2011. Improved egg crack detection algorithm for modified pressure imaging system. SPIE. Vol. 8027:U1-7.Salmonella Contamination in Shell Eggs Exposed to Modified Pressure Imaging for Microcrack Detection

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Jones, D.R., Lawrence, K.C., Yoon, S.C., Heitschmidt, G.W. 2011. Salmonella contamination in shell eggs exposed to modified pressure imaging for microcrack detection.  Poultry Science. 90:1616-1619.Real-time detection of feces on poultry carcasses by A line-scan hyperspectral image camera

- (Proceedings)Yoon, S.C., Park, B., Lawrence, K.C., Windham, W.R., Heitschmidt, G.W. 2011. Real-time detection of feces on poultry carcasses by A line-scan hyperspectral image camera. Near Infrared Spectroscopy International Conference Proceedings. p.1013-1015.Near-Infrared Spectroscopy for discrimination of huanglongbing-infected citrus leaves from uninfected leaves

- (Proceedings)Windham, W.R., Poole, G.H., Park, B., Heitschmidt, G.W., Gottwald, T.R., Lawrence, K.C. 2011. Near-Infrared Spectroscopy for discrimination of huanglongbing-infected citrus leaves from uninfected leaves. Proc. the 14th International Conference on NIR Spectroscopy: 235-239.Near-infrared spectroscopy for discrimination of Huanglongbing-infected citrus leaves from unifected leaves

- (Abstract Only)Windham, W.R., Poole, G.H., Park, B., Heitschmidt, G.W., Gottwald, T.R., Lawrence, K.C. 2010. Near-infrared spectroscopy for discrimination of Huanglongbing-infected citrus leaves from unifected leaves. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers.Development of real-time line-scan hyperspectral imaging system for online agricultural and food product inspection

- (Proceedings)Yoon, S.C., Park, B., Lawrence, K.C., Windham, W.R., Heitschmidt, G.W. 2010. Development of real-time line-scan hyperspectral imaging system for online agricultural and food product inspection. Proceedings of SPIE. 7676(1).Line-scan hyperspectral imaging for real-time poultry fecal detection

- (Proceedings)Park, B., Yoon, S.C., Windham, W.R., Lawrence, K.C., Heitschmidt, G.W., Kim, M.S., Chao, K. 2010. Line-scan hyperspectral imaging for real-time poultry fecal detection. Proceedings of SPIE Defense, Security, and Sensing 2010, Orlando, FL, April 5-9, 2010; 7676-19.Implications of Negative Pressure Imaging for Microcrack Detection and Salmonella Contamination in Shell Eggs

- (Abstract Only)Jones, D.R., Lawrence, K.C., Yoon, S.C., Heitschmidt, G.W. 2010. Implications of Negative Pressure Imaging for Microcrack Detection and Salmonella Contamination in Shell Eggs. European Poultry Conference Proceedings.Multispectral imaging system with interchangeable filter design

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Kise, M., Park, B., Heitschmidt, G.W., Lawrence, K.C., Windham, W.R. 2010. Multispectral imaging system with interchangeable filter design. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture. 72(2):61-68.Modified Pressure Imaging for Egg Crack Detection and Resulting Egg Quality

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Jones, D.R., Lawrence, K.C., Yoon, S.C., Heitschmidt, G.W. 2010. Modified pressure imaging for egg crack detection and resulting egg quality. Poultry Science. 89:761-765.Visible/near-infrared spectroscopy for discrimination of HLB-infected citrus leaves from healthy leaves

- (Abstract Only)Modified Pressure System for Imaging Egg Cracks

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Lawrence, K.C., Yoon, S.C., Jones, D.R., Heitschmidt, G.W., Park, B., Windham, W.R. 2009. Modified pressure system for imaging egg cracks. Trans.ASABE. 52(3):983-990.The Effect of Negative-pressure Microcrack Imaging on Egg Quality during Storage

- (Abstract Only)Jones, D.R., Lawrence, K.C., Yoon, S.C., Heitschmidt, G.W. 2009. The effect of negative-pressure microcrack imaging on egg quality during storage. Poultry Science.Modified Pressure System for Imaging Egg Cracks

- (Proceedings)Lawrence, K.C., Yoon, S.C., Jones, D.R., Heitschmidt, G.W., Park, B., Windham, W.R. 2008. Modified Pressure System for Imaging Egg Cracks. Proceedings of the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers International (ASABE).p. 1-14.Imaging System with Modified-Pressure Chamber for Crack Detection in Shell-Eggs

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Lawrence, K.C., Yoon, S.C., Heitschmidt, G.W., Jones, D.R., Park, B. 2008. Imaging system with modified-pressure chamber for crack detection in shell-eggs. Sensing and Instrumentation for Food Quality and Safety.2:116-122Effect of spectrally mixed pixels on detection of cecal contaminated broiler carcasses

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Windham, W.R., Heitschmidt, G.W., Lawrence, K.C., Park, B., Smith, D.P. 2008. Effect of spectrally mixed pixels on detection of cecal contaminated broiler carcasses. International Journal of Poultry Science. 6(12):955-959.Evaluation of Hyperspectral Imaging and Predictive Modeling to Determine Fertility and Development of Broiler Hatching Eggs

- (Proceedings)Smith, D.P., Lawrence, K.C., Heitschmidt, G.W., Park, B., Windham, W.R. 2007. Evaluation of Hyperspectral Imaging and Predictive Modeling to Determine Fertility and Development of Broiler Hatching Eggs. Poultry Science Meeting, p. 86 (suppl 1): 385.Egg embryo development detection with hyperspectral imaging

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Lawrence, K.C., Smith, D.P., Windham, W.R., Heitschmidt, G.W., Park, B., Yoon, S.C. 2007. Egg embryo development detection with hyperspectral imaging. International Journal of Poultry Science. 5(10):  964-969Improved hyperspectral imaging system for fecal detection on poultry carcasses

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Heitschmidt, G.W., Park, B., Lawrence, K.C., Windham, W.R., Smith, D.P. 2007. Improved hyperspectral imaging system for fecal detection on poultry carcasses. Transactions of the ASABE. 50(4):1427-1432.Application of Imaging Technology to Chicken Carcasses and Hatching Eggs

- (Proceedings)Smith, D.P., Windham, W.R., Lawrence, K.C., Park, B., Heitschmidt, G.W. 2006. Application of Imaging Technology to Chicken Carcasses and Hatching Eggs. Poultry Waste Management Symposium Proceedings.Egg embryo development detection with hyperspectral imaging

- (Proceedings)Lawrence, K.C., Smith, D.P., Windham, W.R., Heitschmidt, G.W., Park, B. 2006. Egg embryo development detection with hyperspectral imaging. Proceedings of SPIE. 6381.Detection of hatching and table egg defects using hyperspectral imaging

- (Proceedings)Smith, D.P., Lawrence, K.C., Heitschmidt, G.W. 2006. Detection of hatching and table egg defects using hyperspectral imaging. European Poultry Conference Proceedings.PARTIAL LEAST SQUARES REGRESSION OF HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGES FOR CONTAMINATION DETECTION ON POULTRY CARCASSES

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Lawrence, K.C., Windham, W.R., Park, B., Heitschmidt, G.W., Smith, D.P., Feldner, P.W. 2006. Partial least squares regression of hyperspectral images for contamination detection on poultry carcasses. Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy. 14:223-230Partial Least Squares Regression of Hyperspectral Images for Contaminant Detection on Poultry Carcasses

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Lawrence, K.C., Windham, W.R., Park, B., Heitschmidt, G.W., Smith, D.P. 2006. Partial Least Squares Regression of Hyperspectral Images for Contaminant Detection on Poultry Carcasses. Near Infrared Spectroscopy Journal. 14(4):223-230.Multipurpose hyperspectral imaging system

- (Research Technical Update)Mao, C., Smith, D., Lanoue, M.A., Poole, G.H., Heitschmidt, G.W., Martinez, L., Windham, W.R., Lawrence, K.C., Park, B. 2005. Multipurpose hyperspectral imaging system. NASA Tech Briefs. 29(8):30-31 (Technical Article).LED lighting for use in multispectral and hyperspectral imaging

- (Proceedings)Lawrence, K.C., Park, B., Windham, W.R., Heitschmidt, G.W. 2005. LED lighting for use in multispectral and hyperspectral imaging. ASABE Annual International Meeting. Paper No. 053073.Fertility and embryo development of broiler hatching eggs evaluated with a hyperspectral imaging and predictive modeling system

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Smith, D.P., Lawrence, K.C., Heitschmidt, G.W. 2008. Fertility and embryo development of broiler hatching eggs evaluated with a hyperspectral imaging and predictive modeling system. International Journal of Poultry Science. 7(10):1001-1004.
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