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                    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
 Food and Feed Safety Research: College Station, TX
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ARS Home Plains Area College Station, Texas Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center Food and Feed Safety Research People & Locations







Toni L Poole
                        Food and Feed Safety Research

                        




                        
                        Research Microbiologist
                        Phone: (979) 260-9360
                        
                        
                        Fax: (979) 260-9332(Employee information on this page comes from the REE Directory. Please contact your front office staff to update the REE Directory.)
                            ProjectsImmunological and Practical Approaches to Manipulate the Ecological Niches and Reduce Foodborne Pathogens in Poultry
                                                    In-House Appropriated
                                                                    (D)Accession Number: 439780Ecological Factors that Enable Colonization, Retention, and Dispersal of Foodborne Pathogens and Intervention Strategies to Control the Pathogens and Antimicrobial Resistance in Cattle and Swine
                                                    In-House Appropriated
                                                                    (D)Accession Number: 440314**Publications**
                                                (Clicking on the reprint icon
                                                    Reprint Icon
                                                    will take you to the publication reprint.)Assessment of potential anti-methanogenic and antimicrobial activity of ethyl nitroacetate, a-lipoic acid, taurine and l-cysteinesulfinic acid in vitro
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Levent, G., Bozic, A., Petrujkic, B.T., Callaway, T.R., Poole, T.L., Crippen, T.L., Harvey, R.B., Ochoa-Garcia, P., Corral-Luna, A., Anderson, R.C., Yeater, K.M. 2023. Assessment of potential anti-methanogenic and antimicrobial activity of ethyl nitroacetate, a-lipoic acid, taurine and l-cysteinesulfinic acid in vitro. Microorganisms. 12(1). Article 34. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12010034.The bacterial and archaeal communities of flies, manure, lagoons, and troughs at a working dairy
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Crippen, T.L., Kim, D., Poole, T.L., Swiger, S.L., Anderson, R.C. 2024. The bacterial and archaeal communities of flies, manure, lagoons, and troughs at a working dairy. Frontiers in Microbiology. 14. Article 1327841. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1327841.Chlortetracycline concentration impact on Salmonella Typhimurium sustainability in the presence of porcine gastrointestinal tract bacteria maintained in continuous culture
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Dittoe, D.K., Anderson, R.C., Poole, T.L., Crippen, T.L., Harvey, R.B., Ricke, S.C. 2023. Chlortetracycline concentration impact on Salmonella Typhimurium sustainability in the presence of porcine gastrointestinal tract bacteria maintained in continuous culture. Pathogens. 12. Article 1454. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12121454.Campylobacter jejuni response when inoculated in bovine in vitro fecal microbial consortia incubations in the presence of metabolic inhibitors
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Dittoe, D.K., Anderson, R.C., Krueger, N.A., Harvey, R.B., Poole, T.L., Crippen, T.L., Callaway, T.R., Ricke, S.C. 2023. Campylobacter jejuni response when inoculated in bovine in vitro fecal microbial consortia incubations in the presence of metabolic inhibitors. Pathogens. 12. Article 1391. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12121391.Effect of chemostat turnover rate and select antibiotics on Salmonella typhimurium in the presence of porcine gastrointestinal tract bacteria
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Anderson, R.C., Poole, T.L., Crippen, T.L., Harvey, R.B., Ricke, S.C. 2023. Effect of chemostat turnover rate and select antibiotics on Salmonella typhimurium in the presence of porcine gastrointestinal tract bacteria. Canadian Journal of Animal Science. 104(1):118–122. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2023-0019.Whole-genome sequence of Aeromonas spp. isolated from a dairy farm in central Texas
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Poole, T.L., Schlosser, W.D., Crippen, T.L., Swiger, S.L., Norman, K.N., Anderson, R.C. 2023. Whole-genome sequence of Aeromonas spp. isolated from a dairy farm in central Texas. Microbiology Research. 14:161-176. https://doi.org/10.3390/microbiolres14010014.Survival of Campylobacter jejuni during in vitro culture with mixed bovine ruminal microorganisms in the presence of methanogen inhibitors
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Dittoe, D.K., Anderson, R.C., Krueger, N.A., Harvey, R.B., Poole, T.L., Crippen, T.L., Callaway, T.R., Rickie, S.C. 2023. Survival of Campylobacter jejuni during in vitro culture with mixed bovine ruminal microorganisms in the presence of methanogen inhibitors. Journal of Environmental Science and Health. 58(12):711-717. https://doi.org/10.1080/03601234.2023.2273754.Effects in air-exposed corn silage of medium chain fatty acids on select spoilage microbes, zoonotic pathogens, and in vitro rumen fermentation
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Arzola-Alvarez, C., Ruiz-Barrera, O., Castillo-Castillo, Y., Ontiveros, M., Fonseca, M., Jones, B.W., Smith, W.B., Hume, M.E., Harvey, R.B., Poole, T.L., Anderson, R.C., Arzola-Lira, A., Salinas-Chavira, J. 2023. Effects in air-exposed corn silage of medium chain fatty acids on select spoilage microbes, zoonotic pathogens, and in vitro rumen fermentation. Journal of Environmental Science and Health. 58:45-50. https://doi.org/10.1080/03601234.2023.2168449.Inhibitory effect of select nitrocompounds and chlorate against Yersinia ruckeri and Yersinia aleksiciae in vitro
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Latham, E.A., Anderson, R.C., Wottlin, L.R., Poole, T.L., Crippen, T.L., Schlosser, W.D., Harvey, R.B., Hume, M.E. 2022. Inhibitory effect of select nitrocompounds and chlorate against Yersinia ruckeri and Yersinia aleksiciae in vitro. Pathogens. 11. Article 1381. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11111381.Disinfectant and antimicrobial susceptibility studies of Staphylococcus aureus strains and ST398 and ST5 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains from swine mandibular lymph node tissue, commercial pork sausage...
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Beier, R.C., Andrews, K., Hume, M.E., Sohail, M.U., Harvey, R.B., Poole, T.L., Crippen, T.L., Anderson, R.C. 2021. Disinfectant and antimicrobial susceptibility studies of Staphylococcus aureus strains and ST398 and ST5 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains from swine mandibular lymph node tissue, commercial pork sausage meat and swine feces. Microorganisms. 9(11). Article 2401. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9112401.Antagonistic effects of lipids against the anti-Escherichia coli and anti-Salmonella activity of thymol and thymol-ß-D-glucopyranoside in porcine gut and fecal cultures in vitro
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Anderson, R.C., Levent, G., Petrujkic, B., Harvey, R.B., Hume, M.E., He, L.H., Genovese, K.J., Beier, R.C., Poole, T.L., Crippen, T.L., Nisbet, D.J. 2021. Antagonistic effects of lipids against the anti-Escherichia coli and anti-Salmonella activity of thymol and thymol-ß-D-glucopyranoside in porcine gut and fecal cultures in vitro. Frontiers in Veterinary Science. 8. Article 751266. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.751266.Evaluation of thymol-ß-D-glucopyranoside as a potential prebiotic intervention to reduce carriage of zoonotic pathogens in weaned and feeder pigs
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Gizem, L., Anderson, R.C., Petrujkic, B., Poole, T.L., He, L.H., Genovese, K.J., Hume, M.E., Beier, R.C., Harvey, R.B., Nisbet, D.J. 2021. Evaluation of thymol-ß-D-glucopyranoside as a potential prebiotic intervention to reduce carriage of zoonotic pathogens in weaned and feeder pigs. Microorganisms. 9(4). Article 860. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9040860.Interactions of organic acids with Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA strains from swine mandibular lymph node tissue, commercial pork sausage meat and feces
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Beier, R.C., Andrews, K., Poole, T.L., Harvey, R.B., Crippen, T.L., Anderson, R.C., Nisbet, D.J. 2020. Interactions of organic acids with Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA strains from swine mandibular lymph node tissue, commercial pork sausage meat and feces. International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology. 5(4):165-183. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmb.20200504.12.Can the use of older-generation beta-lactam antibiotics in livestock production over-select for beta-lactamases of greatest consequence for human medicine? An in vitro experimental model
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Ogunrinu, O.J., Norman, K.N., Vinasco, J., Levent, G., Lawhon, S.D., Fajt, V.R., Volkova, V.V., Gaire, T., Poole, T.L., Genovese, K.J., Wittum, T.E., Scott, H.M. 2020. Can the use of older-generation beta-lactam antibiotics in livestock production over-select for beta-lactamases of greatest consequence for human medicine? An in vitro experimental model. PLoS ONE. 15(11). Article e0242195. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242195.Whole genome sequence of Aeromonas hydrophila CVM861 isolated from diarrheic neonatal swine
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Poole, T.L., Schlosser, W.D., Anderson, R.C., Norman, K.N., Beier, R.C., Nisbet, D.J. 2020. Whole genome sequence of Aeromonas hydrophila CVM861 isolated from diarrheic neonatal swine. Microorganisms. 8(11). Article 1648. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8111648.Methylsulfonylmethane exhibits bacteriostatic inhibition of vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecium, in vitro
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Poole, T.L., Benjamin, R., Genovese, K.J., Nisbet, D.J. 2021. Methylsulfonylmethane exhibits bacteriostatic inhibition of vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecium, in vitro. Microbial Drug Resistance. 27(1):13-17. https://doi.org/10.1089/mdr.2019.0454.Inhibition of Salmonella binding to porcine intestinal cells by a wood-derived prebiotic
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Božic, A., Anderson, R.C., Crippen, T.L., Swaggerty, C.L., Hume, M.E., Beier, R.C., He, L.H., Genovese, K.J., Poole, T.L., Harvey, R.B., Nisbet, D.J. 2020. Inhibition of Salmonella binding to porcine intestinal cells by a wood-derived prebiotic. Microorganisms. 8(7):1051. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8071051.Methylsulfonylmethane exhibits bacteriostatic inhibition of Escherichia coli, and Salmonella enterica Kinshasa, in vitro
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Poole, T.L., Benjamin, R., Genovese, K.J., Nisbet, D.J. 2019. Methylsulfonylmethane exhibits bacteriostatic inhibition of Escherichia coli, and Salmonella enterica Kinshasa, in vitro. Journal of Applied Microbiology. 127(6):1677-1685. https://doi.org/10.1111/jam.14446.Inhibition of multi-drug resistant Staphylococci by sodium chlorate and select nitro- and medium chain fatty acid compounds
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Božic, A., Anderson, R.C., Arzola-Alvarez, C., Ruiz-Barrera, O., Corral-Luna, A., Castillo-Castillo, Y., Arzola-Rubio, A., Poole, T.L., Harvey, R.B., Hume, M.E., Beier, R.C., Nisbet, D.J. 2019. Inhibition of multi-drug resistant Staphylococci by sodium chlorate and select nitro- and medium chain fatty acid compounds. Journal of Applied Microbiology. 126(5):1508-1518. https://doi.org/10.1111/jam.14232.Interactions of organic acids with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium isolated from community wastewater in Texas
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Beier, R.C., Harvey, R.B., Poole, T.L., Hume, M.E., Crippen, T.L., Highfield, L.D., Alali, W.Q., Andrews, K., Anderson, R.C., Nisbet, D.J. 2019. Interactions of organic acids with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium isolated from community wastewater in Texas. Journal of Applied Microbiology. 126(2):480-488. https://doi.org/10.1111/jam.14145.Interactions of organic acids with Campylobacter coli from swine
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Beier, R.C., Harvey, R.B., Hernandez Jr, C.A., Hume, M.E., Andrews, K., Droleskey, R.E., Davidson, M.K., Bodeis-Jones, S., Young, S., Duke, S.E., Anderson, R.C., Crippen, T.L., Poole, T.L., Nisbet, D.J. 2018. Interactions of organic acids with Campylobacter coli from swine. PLoS One. 13(8):e0202100. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0202100.Transferability of antimicrobial resistance from multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from cattle in the USA to E. coli and Salmonella Newport recipients
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Poole, T.L., Callaway, T.R., Norman, K.N., Scott, M.H., Loneragan, G.H., Ison, S.A., Beier, R.C., Harhay, D.M., Norby, B., Nisbet, D.J. 2017. Transferability of antimicrobial resistance from multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from cattle in the USA to E. coli and Salmonella Newport recipients. Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance. 11:123-132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgar.2017.08.001.Interactions of organic acids with Salmonella strains from feedlot water-sprinkled cattle
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Beier, R.C., Callaway, T.R., Andrews, K., Poole, T.L., Crippen, T.L., Anderson, R.C., Nisbet, D.J. 2017. Interactions of organic acids with Salmonella strains from feedlot water-sprinkled cattle. Journal of Food Chemistry & Nanotechnology. 3(2):60-66. https://doi.org/10.17756/jfcn.2017-038.Disinfectant and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of Salmonella strains from feedlot water-sprinkled cattle:  Hides and feces
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Beier, R.C., Callaway, T.R., Andrews, K., Poole, T.L., Crippen, T.L., Anderson, R.C., Nisbet, D.J. 2017. Disinfectant and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of Salmonella strains from feedlot water-sprinkled cattle:  Hides and feces. Journal of Food Chemistry & Nanotechnology. 3(2):50-59. https://doi.org/10.17756/jfcn.2017-037.Disinfectant and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of the big six non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli strains from food animals and humans
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Beier, R.C., Franz, E., Bono, J.L., Mandrell, R.E., Fratamico, P.M., Callaway, T.R., Andrews, K., Poole, T.L., Crippen, T.L., Sheffield, C.L., Anderson, R.C., Nisbet, D.J. 2016. Disinfectant and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of the big six non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli strains from food animals and humans. Journal of Food Protection. 79(8):1355-1370.Prevalence of nontyphoidal Salmonella and Salmonella strains with conjugative antimicrobial-resistant serovars contaminating animal feed in Texas
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Hsieh, Y., Poole, T.L., Runyon, M., Hume, M.E., Herrman, T.J. 2016. Prevalence of nontyphoidal Salmonella and Salmonella strains with conjugative antimicrobial-resistant serovars contaminating animal feed in Texas. Journal of Food Protection. 79(2):194-204.Detection and isolation of Salmonella spp. in animal feeds from 2007-2011

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Hsieh, C., Lee, K., Poole, T.L., Runyon, M., Jones, B., Herrman, T.J. 2014. Detection and isolation of Salmonella spp. in animal feeds from 2007-2011. International Journal of Regulatory Science. 2:14-27.Transfer of the virulence-associated protein A-bearing plasmid between field strains of virulent and avirulent Rhodococcus equi

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Stoughton, W., Poole, T.L., Kuskie, K., Liu, M., Bishop, K., Morrissey, A., Takai, S., Cohen, N. 2013. Transfer of the virulence-associated protein A-bearing plasmid between field strains of virulent and avirulent Rhodococcus equi. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine. 27:1555-1562.Food safety - mitigating pathogens in beef cattle: What can producers do?

- (Proceedings)Callaway, T.R., Edrington, T.S., Anderson, R.C., Poole, T.L., Nisbet, D.J. 2013. Food safety:  Mitigating pathogens in beef cattle:  What can producers do? Proc. Beef Cattle Symp. Can. Soc. Anim. Sci. Banff, AB. pp. 13-15.Use and misuse of antimicrobial drugs in poultry and livestock: Mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance
                                                        

- (Review Article)Poole, T.L., Sheffield, C.L. 2013. Use and misuse of antimicrobial drugs in poultry and livestock: Mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance. Pakistan Veterinary Journal. 33:266-271.The effect of chlortetracycline on faecal microbial populations in growing swine
                                                        

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Poole, T.L., Suchodolski, J.S., Callaway, T.R., Farrow, R.L., Loneragan, G.H., Nisbet, D.J. 2013. The effect of chlortetracycline on faecal microbial populations in growing swine. Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance. 1:171-174.Novel methods for pathogen control in livestock preharvest: An update

- (Book / Chapter)Callaway, T.R., Anderson, R.C., Edrington, T.S., Genovese, K.J., Harvey, R.B., Poole, T.L., Nisbet, D.J. 2013. Novel methods for pathogen control in livestock preharvest: An update. In: Sofos, J., editor. Advances in Microbial Food Safety. Cambridge, UK: Woodhead Publishing Limited. p. 275-304.Destruction of single-species biofilms of Escherichia coli or Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae by dextranase, lactoferrin, and lysozyme

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Sheffield, C.L., Crippen, T.L., Poole, T.L., Beier, R.C. 2013. Destruction of single-species biofilms of Escherichia coli or Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae by dextranase, lactoferrin, and lysozyme. International Microbiology. 15:185-189.Disinfectant and antibiotic susceptibility profiles of Escherichia coli O157:H7 strains from cattle carcasses, feces, and hides and ground beef from the United States

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Beier, R.C., Poole, T.L., Brichta-Harhay, D.M., Anderson, R.C., Bischoff, K.M., Hernandez, C.A., Bono, J.L., Arthur, T.M., Nagaraja, T.G., Crippen, T.L., Sheffield, C.L., Nisbet, D.J. 2013. Disinfectant and antibiotic susceptibility profiles of Escherichia coli O157:H7 strains from cattle carcasses, feces, and hides and ground beef from the United States. Journal of Food Protection. 76:6-17.Competitive effect of commensal faecal bacteria from growing swine fed chlortetracycline-supplemented feed on beta-haemolytic Escherichia coli strains with multiple antimicrobial resistance plasmids

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Poole, T.L., Callaway, T.R., Bischoff, K.M., Loneragan, G.H., Anderson, R.C., Nisbet, D.J. 2012. Competitive effect of commensal faecal bacteria from growing swine fed chlortetracycline-supplemented feed on beta-haemolytic Escherichia coli strains with multiple antimicrobial resistance plasmids. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 113:659-668.Competitive effect of commensal faecal bacteria from growing swine fed chlortetracycline-supplemented feed on beta-haemolytic Escherichia coli strains with multiple antimicrobial resistance plasmids

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Poole, T.L., Callaway, T.R., Bischoff, K.M., Longeragan, G.H., Anderson, R.C., Nisbet, D.J. 2012. Competitive effect of commensal faecal bacteria from growing swine fed chlortetracycline-supplemented feed on beta-haemolytic Escherichia coli strains with multiple antimicrobial resistance plasmids. Journal of Applied Microbiology. 113:659-668.Lesser mealworms on poultry farms: A potential arena for the dissemination of pathogens and antimicrobial resistance

- (Book / Chapter)Crippen, T.L., Poole, T.L. 2012. Lesser mealworms on poultry farms: A potential arena for the dissemination of pathogens and antimicrobial resistance. In: Callaway, T.R., Edrington, T.S., editors. On-Farm Strategies to Control Foodborne Pathogens. New York, NY: Nova Science Publishers, Inc. p. 233-272.Current status of practical applications: Probiotics in dairy cattle

- (Book / Chapter)Callaway, T.R., Edrington, T.S., Poole, T.L., Nisbet, D.J. 2011. Current status of practical applications: Probiotics in dairy cattle. In: Callaway, T.R., Ricke, S.C., editors. Direct Fed Microbials/Prebiotics for Animals: Science and Mechanisms of Action. New York, NY: Springer Verlag Publishing. p. 121-136.Evaluation of Salmonella movement through the gut of the lesser mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Zheng, L., Crippen, T.L., Sheffield, C.L., Poole, T.L., Ziniu, Y., Tomberlin, J. 2012. Evaluation of Salmonella movement through the gut of the lesser mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases. 12:287-292.Characterization of Salmonella enterica isolates from turkeys in commercial processing plants for resistance to antibiotics, disinfectants, and a growth promoter

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Beier, R.C., Anderson, P.N., Hume, M.E., Poole, T.L., Duke, S.E., Crippen, T.L., Sheffield, C.L., Caldwell, D.J., Byrd II, J.A., Anderson, R.C., Nisbet, D.J. 2011. Characterization of Salmonella enterica isolates from turkeys in commercial processing plants for resistance to antibiotics, disinfectants, and a growth promoter. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease. 8:593-600.Persistence of resistance plasmids carried by beta-hemolytic E. coli when maintained in a continous-flow fermentation system without antimicrobial selection pressure

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Poole, T.L., Harhay, D.M., Callaway, T.R., Beier, R.C., Bischoff, K.M., Loneragon, G.H., Anderson, R.C., Nisbet, D.J. 2011. Persistence of resistance plasmids carried by beta-hemolytic E. coli when maintained in a continous-flow fermentation system without antimicrobial selection pressure. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease. 8:535-540.Evaluation of phage treatment as a strategy to reduce Salmonella populations in growing swine

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Callaway, T.R., Edrington, T.S., Anderson, R.C., Poole, T.L., Genovese, K.J., Krueger, N.A., Harvey, R.B., Nisbet, D.J. 2011. Evaluation of phage treatment as a strategy to reduce Salmonella populations in growing swine. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease. 8:261-266.Diversity of Multi-drug Resistant Salmonella enterica Associated with Cull Cattle at Harvest in the United States

- (Abstract Only)Harhay, D.M., Poole, T.L., Durso, L.M., Arthur, T.M., Bosilevac, J.M., Kalchayanand, N., Shackelford, S.D., Wheeler, T.L., Koohmaraie, M. 2010. Diversity of Multi-drug Resistant Salmonella enterica Associated with Cull Cattle at Harvest in the United States [abstract]. American Society for Microbiology. p. 25, Presentation No. S4:1 and p. 111, Poster No. B176.Actual and future solutions for the resistance problem at the human-animal interface of resistance

- (Proceedings)Callaway, T.R., Vlieghe, E., Anderson, R.C., Edrington, T.S., Poole, T.L., Maldonado, C., Nisbet, D.J. 2010. Actual and future solutions for the resistance problem at the human-animal interface of resistance (HAIR). Proceedings of International Congress of Chemotherapy. p. 9-15.Conjugative plasmid transfer between Salmonella enterica Newport and  Escherichia coli within the gastrointestinal tract of the lesser mealworm beetle, Alphitobius diaperinus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Poole, T.L., Crippen, T.L. 2009. Conjugative plasmid transfer between Salmonella enterica Newport and Escherichia coli within the gastrointestinal tract of the lesser mealworm beetle, Alphitobius diaperinus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Poultry Science. 88:1553-1558.Ecology of Enterococcus faecalis and niche adapted or non-niche-adapted Enterococcus faecium in continuous-flow anaerobic cultures

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Poole, T.L., Byrd II, J.A., Callaway, T.R., Nisbet, D.J. 2009. Ecology of Enterococcus faecalis and niche-adapted or non-niche-adapted Enterococcus faecium in continuous-flow anaerobic cultures. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease. 6:901-906.Conjugative transferability of the A/C plasmids from Salmonella enterica isolates that possess or lack blaCMY in the A/C plasmid backbone

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Poole, T.L., Edrington, T.S., Harhay, D.M., Carattoli, A., Ramlachan, N., Anderson, R.C., Nisbet, D.J. 2009. Conjugative transferability of the A/C plasmids from Salmonella enterica isolates that possess or lack blaCMY in the A/C plasmid backbone. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease. 6:1185-1194.Conjugative transfer of plasmid-located antibiotic resistance genes within the gastrointestinal tract of lesser mealworm larvae, Alphitobius diaperinus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Crippen, T.L., Poole, T.L. 2009. Conjugative transfer of plasmid-located antibiotic resistance genes within the gastrointestinal tract of lesser mealworm larvae, Alphitobius diaperinus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Foodborne Pathogens and Disease. 6:907-915.Influence of sprinklers, used to alleviate heat stress, on faecal shedding of E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella and antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella and Enterococcus in lactating dairy cattle

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Edrington, T.S., Carter, B.H., Friend, T.H., Hagevoort, R., Poole, T.L., Callaway, T.R., Anderson, R.C., Nisbet, D.J. 2009. Influence of sprinklers, used to alleviate heat stress, on faecal shedding of E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella and antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella and Enterococcus in lactating dairy cattle. Letters in Applied Microbiology. 48:738-743.Effects of ionophores on Enterococcus faecalis and E. faecium growth in pure and mixed ruminal culture

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Nisbet, D.J., Callaway, T.R., Edrington, T.S., Anderson, R.C., Poole, T.L. 2008. Effects of ionophores on Enterococcus faecalis and E. faecium growth in pure and mixed ruminal culture. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease. 5(2):193-198.Antibiotic and disinfectant susceptibility profiles of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE) isolated from community wastewater in Texas

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Beier, R.C., Duke, S.E., Ziprin, R.L., Harvey, R.B., Hume, M.E., Poole, T.L., Scott, H.M., Highfield, L.D., Alali, W.Q., Andrews, K., Anderson, R.C., Nisbet, D.J. 2008. Antibiotic and disinfectant susceptibility profiles of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE) isolated from community wastewater in Texas. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. 80(3):188-194.Investigation into the seasonal salmonellosis in lactating dairy cattle

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Edrington, T.S., Ross, T.T., Callaway, T.R., Martinez, C.H., Hume, M.E., Genovese, K.J., Poole, T.L., Anderson, R.C., Nisbet, D.J. 2007. Investigation into the seasonal salmonellosis in lactating dairy cattle. Epidemiology and Infection. 136:381-390.Dietary lactose and its effects on the disease necrotic enteritis

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)McReynolds, J.L., Byrd II, J.A., Genovese, K.J., Poole, T.L., Duke, S.E., Farnell, M.B., Nisbet, D.J. 2007. Dietary lactose and its effect on the disease condition of necrotic enteritis. Poultry Science. 86:1656-1661.GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION AND CORRELATION TO MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE OF ISOLATES OF SALMONELLA NEWPORT DERIVED FROM BEEF AND DAIRY CATTLE

- (Abstract Only)Ramlachan, N., Poole, T.L., Edrington, T.S., Anderson, R.C., Nisbet, D.J. 2006. Genetic characterization and correlation to multidrug resistance in isolates of Salmonella enterica serovar Newport derived from beef and dairy cattle [abstract]. American Society for Microbiology. p. 88-89.HIGH PREVALENCE OF INCOMPATIBILITY GROUP INCA/C AMONG MULTI-DRUG RESISTANT SALMONELLA ENTERICA SEROTYPE NEWPORT ISOLATED FROM DAIRY CATTLE

- (Abstract Only)Poole, T.L., Ramlachan, N., Edrington, T.S., Anderson, R.C., Nisbet, D.J. 2006. High prevalence of incompatibility group IncA/C among multi-drug resistant Salmonella enterica serotype Newport isolated from dairy cattle [abstract]. American Society for Microbiology. p. 87.EFFECT OF FLAVOPHOSPHOLIPOL ON CONJUGATION FREQUENCY BETWEEN ESCHERICHIA COLI DONOR AND RECIPIENT PAIRS IN VITRO AND IN THE CHICKEN GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Poole, T.L., McReynolds, J.L., Edrington, T.S., Byrd II, J.A., Callaway, T.R., Nisbet, D.J. 2006. Effect of flavophospholipol on conjugation frequency between Escherichia coli donor and recipient pairs in vitro and in the chicken gastrointestinal tract. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 58:359-366.COMPARATIVE SUSCEPTIBILITIES OF REPRESENTATIVE ENTEROBACTERIACEAE AND GUT COMMENSAL BACTERIA TO THE ACTIVE AGENT OF AN EXPERIMENTAL CHLORATE PRODUCT

- (Abstract Only)Anderson, R.C., Harvey, R.B., Poole, T.L., Ramlachan, N., Callaway, T.R., Byrd II, J.A., Edrington, T.S., McReynolds, J.L., Nisbet, D.J. 2006. Comparative susceptibilities of representative enterobacteriaceae and gut commensal bacteria to the active agent of an experimental chlorate product [abstract]. 19th International Pig Veterinary Society Congress. 2:463.FECAL PREVALENCE OF ESCHERICHIA COLI O157, SALMONELLA, LISTERIA, AND BACTERIOPHAGE INFECTING E. COLI O157:H7 IN FEEDLOT CATTLE IN THE SOUTHERN PLAINS REGION OF THE UNITED STATES.

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Callaway, T.R., Edrington, T.S., Brabban, A.D., Keen, J.E., Anderson, R.C., Rossman, M.L., Engler, M.J., Genovese, K.J., Gwartney, B.L., Reagan, J.O., Poole, T.L., Harvey, R.B., Kutter, E.M., Nisbet, D.J. 2006. Fecal prevalence of Escherichia coli O157, Salmonella, Listeria, and bacteriophage infecting E. coli O157:H7 in feedlot cattle in the southern plains region of the United States. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease. 3:234-244.SOCIAL STRESS INCREASES FECAL SHEDDING OF SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM BY EARLY WEANED PIGLETS

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Callaway, T.R., Morrow, J.A., Edrington, T.S., Genovese, K.J., Dowd, S.E., Carroll, J.A., Dailey, J.W., Harvey, R.B., Poole, T.L., Anderson, R.C. 2006. Social stress increases fecal shedding of Salmonella typhimurium by early weaned piglets. Current Issues in Intestinal Microbiology. 7:65-72.MACROLIDE INACTIVATION GENE CLUSTER MPHA-MRX-MPHR ADJACENT TO A CLASS 1 INTEGRON IN AEROMONAS HYDROPHILA ISOLATED FROM A DIARRHOEIC PIG IN OKLAHOMA

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Poole, T.L., Callaway, T.R., Bischoff, K.M., Nisbet, D.J. 2006. Macrolide inactivation gene cluster mphA-mrx-mphR adjacent to a class 1 integron in Aeromonas hydrophila isolated from a diarrhoeic pig in Oklahoma. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 57:31-38.CHLORHEXIDINE SUSCEPTIBILITY, VIRULENCE FACTORS AND ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE OF BETA-HEMOLYTIC ESCHERICHIA COLI ISOLATED FROM NEONATAL SWINE WITH DIARRHEA

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Beier, R.C., Bischoff, K.M., Ziprin, R.L., Poole, T.L., Nisbet, D.J. 2005. Chlorhexidine susceptibility, virulence factors, and antibiotic resistance of beta-hemolytic Escherichia coli isolated from neonatal swine with diarrhea. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. 75:835-844.ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE OF ENTERIC BACTERIA FROM AN INTEGRATED POPULATION OF SWINE AND HUMANS

- (Abstract Only)Harvey, R.B., Scott, H.M., Poole, T.L., Hume, M.E., Highfield, L.D., Alali, W.Q., Anderson, R.C., Nisbet, D.J. 2005. Antimicrobial resistance of enteric bacteria from an integrated population of swine and humans [abstract]. Proceedings of Allen D. Leman Swine Conference. 32(Suppl.):8.PERSISTENCE OF SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM IN PORCINE GUT MICROFLORA

- (Proceedings)Anderson, T.J., Poole, T.L., Anderson, R.C., Nisbet, D.J. 2005. Persistence of Salmonella typhimurium in porcine gut microflora. Proceedings of SafePork 2005. p. 280-282.CHARACTERIZATION OF VANCOMYCIN-RESISTANT ENTEROCOCCUS FAECIUM ISOLATED FROM A SEMI-CLOSED POPULATION OF HEALTHY HUMANS IN THE UNITED STATES

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Poole, T.L., Hume, M.E., Campbell, L.D., Scott, H.M., Alali, W.Q., Harvey, R.B. 2005. Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium strains isolated from community wastewater from a semi-closed agri-food system in Texas. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 49:4382-4385.MEDIA EFFECTS ON RECOVERY OF APPARENT ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANT ENTEROBACTERIA

- (Proceedings)Ramlachan, N., Poole, T.L., Kim, W.K., Callaway, T.R., Ricke, S.C., Anderson, R.C., Harvey, R.B., Nisbet, D.J. 2005. Effects of antibiotic-supplemented media on recovery of enterobacteria. Proceedings of SafePork 2005. p. 296-298.GENOTYPIC AND PHENOTYPIC CHARACTERIZATION OF ENTERIC BACTERIA IN AN INTEGRATED POPULATION OF SWINE AND HUMANS

- (Proceedings)Harvey, R.B., Scott, H.M., Poole, T.L., Hume, M.E., Highfield, L.D., Alali, W.Q., Anderson, R.C., Nisbet, D.J. 2005. Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of enteric bacteria in an integrated population of swine and humans. Proceedings of SafePork 2005. p. 234-237.EFFECT OF WATER SPRINKLING ON INCIDENCE OF ZOONOTIC PATHOGENS, PERFORMANCE, CARCASS TRAITS, AND BEHAVIOR IN FEEDLOT CATTLE

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Morrow, J.L., Mitloehner, F.M., Johnson, A.K., Galyean, M.L., Dailey, J.W., Edrington, T.S., Anderson, R.C., Genovese, K.J., Poole, T.L., Duke, S.E., Callaway, T.R. 2005. Effect of water sprinkling on incidence of zoonotic pathogens, performance, carcass traits, and behavior in feedlot cattle. Journal of Animal Science. 83:1959-0966.CHARACTERIZATION OF GLYCOPEPTIDE-RESISTANT ENTEROCOCCUS FAECIUM ISOLATED FROM A SEMI-CLOSED VERTICALLY INTEGRATED POPULATION OF HUMANS AND SWINE IN THE UNITED STATES

- (Abstract Only)Poole, T.L., Hume, M.E., Campbell, L.D., Scott, H.M., Alali, W.Q., Harvey, R.B. 2005. Characterization of glycopeptide-resistant Enterococcus faecium isolated from a semi-closed vertically integrated population of humans and swine in the United States [abstract]. Annual Conference on Antimicrobial Resistance. p. 35.ENVIRONMENTAL PREVALENCE AND PERSISTENCE OF SALMONELLA SPP. IN OUTDOOR SWINE WALLOWS

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Callaway, T.R., Morrow, J.L., Johnson, A.K., Dailey, J.W., Wallace, F.M., Wagstrom, E.A., McGlone, J.J., Lewis, A.R., Dowd, S.E., Poole, T.L., Edrington, T.S., Anderson, R.C., Genovese, K.J., Byrd II, J.A., Harvey, R.B., Nisbet, D.J. 2005. Environmental prevalence and persistence of Salmonella spp. in outdoor swine wallows. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease. 2:263-273.ANATAGONISTIC INTERACTIONS BETWEEN E. FAECALIS AND E. FAECIUM IN A MIXED ANAEROBIC CONTINUOUS-FLOW CULTURE OF CHICKEN CECAL MICROFLORA

- (Abstract Only)Poole, T.L., Nisbet, D.J. 2005. Anatagonistic interactions between E. faecalis and E. faecium in a mixed anaerobic continuous-flow culture of chicken cecal microflora [abstract]. American Society for Microbiology. p. 50.FECAL PREVALENCE AND DIVERSITY OF SALMONELLA SPP. IN LACTATING DAIRY CATTLE IN FOUR STATES

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Callaway, T.R., Keen, J.E., Edrington, T.S., Anderson, R.C., Genovese, K.J., Poole, T.L., Harvey, R.B., Nisbet, D.J., Baumgard, L.H., Griswold, K.E. 2005. Fecal prevalence and diversity of Salmonella spp. in lactating dairy cattle in four states. Journal of Dairy Science. 88:3603-3608.PRE-SLAUGHTER INTERVENTION STRATEGIES TO REDUCE FOOD-BORNE PATHOGENS IN FOOD ANIMALS: WHAT ARE WE DOING?

- (Trade Journal)Callaway, T.R., Anderson, R.C., Edrington, T.S., Genovese, K.J., Poole, T.L., Harvey, R.B., Nisbet, D.J. 2005. Pre-slaughter intervention strategies to reduce food-borne pathogens in food animals: What are we doing? Feedinfo News Service Scientific Reviews. Available: http://www.feedinfo.com.HOW COMMON ARE BACTERIOPHAGE IN FECES OF U.S. FEEDLOT CATTLE?

- (Abstract Only)Callaway, T.R., Edrington, T.S., Genovese, K.J., Keen, J.E., Anderson, R.C., Brabban, A.D., Kutter, E., Schultz, C.L., Poole, T.L., Nisbet, D.J. 2005. How common are bacteriophage in feces of U.S. feedlot cattle [abstract]? Society for General Microbiology. p. 61.THE CHLORAMPHENICOL RESISTANCE GENE CMLA IS DISSEMINATED ON TRANSFERABLE PLASMIDS THAT CONFER MULTIPLE-DRUG RESISTANCE IN SWINE ESCHERICHIA COLI

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Bischoff, K.M., White, D.G., Hume, M.E., Poole, T.L., Nisbet, D.J. 2005. The chloramphenicol resistance gene cmlA is disseminated on transferable plasmids that confer multiple-drug resistance in swine Escherichia coli. FEMS Microbiology Letters. 243:285-291.COMPARISON OF SPONTANEOUS ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE FREQUENCY OF SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM GROWTH IN GLUCOSE-LIMITED CONTINUOUS CULTURE AT SLOW AND FAST GROWTH RATES

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Kim, W.K., Karabasil, N., Bulajic, S., Dunkley, K.D., Callaway, T.R., Poole, T.L., Ricke, S.C., Anderson, R.C., Nisbet, D.J. 2005. Comparison of spontaneous antibiotic frequency of Salmonella typhimurium growth in glucose amended continuous culture at slow and fast dilution rates. Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B. 40:475-484.ALTERNATIVES TO ANTIBIOTICS

- (Book / Chapter)Poole, T.L., Callaway, T.R., Nisbet, D.J. 2007. Alternatives to antimicrobials. In: Shabbir, S., editor. Foodborne Diseases. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press. p. 419-433.EVALUATION OF IMMUNOSUPPRESSANTS AND DIETARY MECHANISMS IN AN EXPERIMENTAL DISEASE MODEL FOR NECROTIC ENTERITIS

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)McReynolds, J.L., Byrd II, J.A., Anderson, R.C., Moore, R.W., Edrington, T.S., Genovese, K.J., Poole, T.L., Kubena, L.F., Nisbet, D.J. 2004. Evaluation of immunosuppressants and dietary mechanisms in an experimental disease model for necrotic enteritis. Poultry Science. 83:1948-1952.ENVIRONMENTAL PREVALENCE OF SALMONELLA ON INDOOR AND OUTDOOR INTENSIVE SWINE FARMS

- (Abstract Only)Callaway, T.R., Morrow, J.L., Genovese, K.J., Dailey, J.W., Wallace, F.M., Poole, T.L., Lewis, A.R., Dowd, S.E., Edrington, T.S., Anderson, R.C. 2004. Environmental prevalence of salmonella on indoor and outdoor intensive swine farms. Proceedings of Allen D Leman Swine Conference. 31(Suppl.):23.SODIUM CHLORATE SUPPLEMENTATION FOR CONTROL OF FOOD SAFETY ORGANISMS IN LIVESTOCK

- (Proceedings)Callaway, T.R., Anderson, R.C., Edrington, T.S., Genovese, K.J., Byrd II, J.A., Poole, T.L., Nisbet, D.J. 2004. Sodium chlorate: Potential food-borne pathogen reduction strategy for use in ruminant and monogastric food animals. Proceedings of 25th Annual Western Nutrition Conference. 25:205-215.INHIBITORY ACTIVITY OF 2-NITROPROPANOL AGAINST SELECT FOODBORNE PATHOGENS IN VITRO

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Jung, Y., Anderson, R.C., Callaway, T.R., Edrington, T.S., Genovese, K.J., Harvey, R.B., Poole, T.L., Nisbet, D.J. 2004. Inhibitory activity of 2-nitropropanol against select foodborne pathogens in vitro. Letters in Applied Microbiology. 39:471-476.UTILIZATION OF THE NITRATE REDUCTASE ENZYMATIC PATHWAY TO REDUCE ENTERIC PATHOGENS IN CHICKENS

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)McReynolds, J.L., Byrd II, J.A., Moore, R.W., Anderson, R.C., Poole, T.L., Edrington, T.S., Kubena, L.F., Nisbet, D.J. 2004. Utilization of the nitrate reductase enzymatic pathway to reduce enteric pathogens in chickens. Poultry Science. 83:1857-1860.PROBIOTICS, VACCINES AND OTHER INTERVENTIONS FOR PATHOGEN CONTROL IN ANIMALS

- (Book / Chapter)Callaway, T.R., Anderson, R.C., Edrington, T.S., Genovese, K.J., Poole, T.L., Harvey, R.B., Nisbet, D.J., Dunkley, K.S. 2005. Probiotics, vaccines and other interventions for pathogen control in animals. In: Sofos, J.N., editor. Improving the Safety of Fresh Meat. Cambridge, England: Woodhead Publishing Limited. p. 192-213.COLICINS INHIBIT GROWTH OF ESCHERICHIA COLI O157:H7 BUT NOT SALMONELLA IN VITRO

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Callaway, T.R., Stahi, C.H., Edrington, T.S., Genovese, K.J., Lincoln, L.M., Anderson, R.C., Lonergan, S.M., Poole, T.L., Harvey, R.B., Nisbet, D.J. 2004. Colicin concentrations inhibit growth of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in vitro. Journal of Food Protection. 67:2603-2607.MACROLIDE INACTIVATION GENE CLUSTER MPHA-MRX-MPHR PRESENT IN AEROMONAS HYDROPHILA ISOLATED FROM A DIARRHEIC PIG IN OKLAHOMA

- (Abstract Only)Poole, T.L., Bischoff, K.M., Callaway, T.R., Genovese, K.J., Nisbet, D.J. 2004. Macrolide inactivation gene cluster mpha-mrx-mphr present in aeromonas hydrophila isolated from a diarrheic pig in Oklahoma [abstract]. National Foundation for Infectious Disease.CHARACTERIZATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AMONG PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA ISOLATES RECOVERED FROM COMPANION ANIMALS, 1994-2003

- (Abstract Only)Beier, R.C., White, D.G., McDermott, P.F., Foley, S.L., Zhao, S., Hume, M.E., Poole, T.L., Nisbet, D.J., Walker, R.D. 2004. Characterization of antimicrobial resistance among Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates recovered from companion animals, 1994-2003 [abstract]. 2004 Conference on Antimicrobial Resistance. p. 40.PRE-HARVEST SUPPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES TO REDUCE CARRIAGE AND SHEDDING OF FOOD-BORNE PATHOGENS

- (Review Article)Callaway, T.R., Anderson, R.C., Edrington, T.S., Genovese, K.J., Harvey, R.B., Poole, T.L., Nisbet, D.J. 2005. Pre-harvest supplementation strategies to reduce carriage and shedding of food-borne pathogens. Animal Health Research Reviews. 5:35-47.UTILIZATION OF AN EXPERIMENTAL CHLORATE PRODUCT IN REDUCTION OF NECROTIC ENTERITIS IN BROILER CHICKENS

- (Abstract Only)McReynolds, J.L., Byrd II, J.A., Anderson, R.C., Edrington, T.S., Poole, T.L., Moore, R.W., Kubena, L.F., Nisbet, D.J. 2004. Utilization of an experimental chlorate product in reduction of necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens [abstract]. Poultry Science. 83(Suppl. 1):103.ACQUISITION AND PERSISTENCE OF A TYLOSIN RESISTANCE VEILLONELLA SP. WITHOUT SELECTION PRESSURE

- (Abstract Only)Poole, T., McReynolds, J., Callaway, T., Nisbet, D. 2004. Acquisition and persistence of a high level macrolide resistant Veillonella sp. without selection pressure [abstract]. Journal of Animal Science. 82(Suppl. 1):166.COMPETITIVE EXCLUSION OF A GLYCOPEPTIDE RESISTANT ENTEROCOCCUS FAECIUM GRE IN THE PRESENCE OF VANCOMYCIN, BUT NOT EQUIVALENT CONCENTRATIONS OF TYLOSIN OR GENTAMICIN

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Poole, T.L., Genovese, K.J., Callaway, T.R., Bischoff, K.M., Donskey, C.J., Nisbet, D.J. 2004. Competitive exclusion of a glycopeptide resistant Enterococcus faecium GRE in the presence of vancomycin, but not equivalent concentrations of tylosin or gentamicin. Poultry Science. 83:1099-1105.EFFECTS OF SODIUM CHLORATE ON TOXIN PRODUCTION BY ESCHERICHIA COLI O157:H7

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Callaway, T.R., Anderson, R.C., Edrington, T.S., Bischoff, K.M., Genovese, K.J., Poole, T.L., Harvey, R.B., Byrd II, J.A., Nisbet, D.J. 2004. Effects of sodium chlorate on toxin production by Escherichia coli O157:H7. Current Issues in Intestinal Microbiology. 5:19-22.EFFECTS OF SODIUM CHLORATE ON ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN ESCHERICHIA COLI O157:H7

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Callaway, T.R., Anderson, R.C., Edrington, T.S., Bischoff, K.M., Genovese, K.J., Poole, T.L., Byrd II, J.A., Harvey, R.B., Nisbet, D.J. 2004. Effects of sodium chlorate on antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli O157:H7. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease. 1:59-63.WHAT ARE WE DOING ABOUT E. COLI O157:H7 AND OTHER FOOD BORNE PATHOGENS IN CATTLE?

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Callaway, T.R., Anderson, R.C., Edrington, T.S., Genovese, K.J., Bischoff, K.M., Poole, T.L., Jung, Y., Harvey, R.B., Nisbet, D.J. 2004. What are we doing about E. coli O157:H7 and other food borne pathogens in cattle? Journal of Animal Science. 82(Suppl. E):E93-E99. Available: http://www.asas.org/symposia/04esupp/E93.htm.ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND THE MICROFLORA OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT

- (Book / Chapter)Poole, T.L., Genovese, K.J., Beier, R.C., Callaway, T.R., Bischoff, K.M. 2004. Antimicrobial resistance and the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract. In: Beier, R.C., Suresh, D.P., Phillips, T.D., Ziprin, R.L., editors. Preharvest and Postharvest Food Safety: Contemporary Issues and Future Directions. Ames, IA: Blackwell Publishing Professional. p. 213-225.MICROBIAL ECOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES UNDERLYING PRE-HARVEST INTERVENTION STRATEGIES

- (Book / Chapter)Callaway, T.R., Anderson, R.C., Edrington, T.S., Bischoff, K.M., Genovese, K.J., Poole, T.L., Nisbet, D.J. 2004. Microbial ecological principles underlying preharvest intervention strategies. In: Beier, R.C., Pillai, S.D., Phillips, T.D., Ziprin, R.L., editors. Preharvest and Postharvest Food Safety: Contemporary Issues and Future Directions. Ames, IA: Blackwell Publishing Professional. p. 129-139.INHIBITION OF VANCOMYCIN-RESISTANT ENTEROCOCCUS BY IN VITRO CONTINUOUS-FLOW CULTURES OF HUMAN STOOL MICROFLORA WITH AND WITHOUT ANAEROBIC GAS SUPPLEMENTATION

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Hume, M.E., Poole, T.L., Pultz, N.J., Hanrahan, J.A., Donskey, C.J. 2004. Inhibition of vancomycin-resistant enterococcus by continuous-flow cultures of human stool microflora with and without anaerobic gas supplementation. Current Microbiology. 48:364-367.EXPERIMENTAL CHLORATE PRODUCT TREATMENT REDUCES SALMONELLA POPULATIONS IN SWINE DURING LAIRAGE

- (Abstract Only)EFFECT OF SUBTHERAPEUTIC CONCENTRATIONS OF ANTIBIOTICS ON THE INHIBITORY STRINGENCY OF A MIXED ANAEROBE CONTINUOUS-FLOW CULTURE OF CHICKEN MICROFLORA AGAINST GLYCOPEPTIDE RESISTANT ENTEROCOCCUS FAECIUM

- (Abstract Only)EFFECT OF DRINKING WATER ADMINISTRATION OF EXPERIMENTAL CHLORATE ION PREPARATIONS ON SALMONELLA ENTERICA SEROVAR TYPHIMURIUM COLONIZATION IN WEANED AND FINISHED PIGS

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Anderson, R.C., Hume, M.E., Genovese, K.J., Callaway, T.R., Jung, Y., Edrington, T.S., Poole, T.L., Harvey, R.B., Bischoff, K.M., Nisbet, D.J. 2004. Effect of drinking water administration of experimental chlorate ion preparations on Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium colonization in weaner and finished pigs. Veterinary Research Communications. 28:179-189.ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE IN FOOD ANIMALS

- (Book / Chapter)Bischoff, K.M., Poole, T.L., Beier, R.C. 2004. Antimicrobial resistance in food animals. In: Beier, R.C., Pillai, S.D., Phillips, T.D., Ziprin, R.L., editors. Preharvest and Postharvest Food Safety: Contemporary Issues and Future Directions. Ames, IA: Blackwell Publishing Professional. p. 201-211.DISINFECTANTS (BIOCIDES) USED IN ANIMAL PRODUCTION: ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE CONSIDERATIONS

- (Book / Chapter)Beier, R.C., Bischoff, K.M., Poole, T.L. 2004. Disinfectants (biocides) used in animal production: Antimicrobial resistance considerations. In: Beier, R.C., Pillai, S.D., Phillips, T.D., Ziprin, R.L., editors. Preharvest and Postharvest Food Safety: Contemporary Issues and Future Directions. Ames, IA: Blackwell Publishing Professional. p. 227-238.BACTERICIDAL EFFECT OF 2-NITROPROPANOL AGAINST SELECTED FOODBORNE PATHOGENS IN VITRO

- (Abstract Only)IONOPHORES: THEIR USE AS RUMINANT GROWTH PROMOTANTS AND IMPACT ON FOOD SAFETY

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)CALLAWAY, T.R., EDRINGTON, T.S., RYCHLIK, J.L., GENOVESE, K.J., POOLE, T.L., JUNG, Y., BISCHOFF, K.M., ANDERSON, R.C., NISBET, D.J. IONOPHORES: THEIR USE AS RUMINANT GROWTH PROMOTANTS AND IMPACT ON FOOD SAFETY. CURRENT ISSUES IN INTESTINAL MICROBIOLOGY. 2003. V. 4. P. 43-51.EXPERIMENTAL CHLORATE PRODUCT TREATMENT TO REDUCE FOOD BORNE PATHOGENIC BACTERIA IN RUMINANT AND MONOGASTRIC FOOD ANIMALS

- (Abstract Only)CALLAWAY, T.R., ANDERSON, R.C., EDRINGTON, T.S., JUNG, Y., GENOVESE, K.J., BISCHOFF, K.M., POOLE, T.L., ELDER, R.O., HARVEY, R.B., NISBET, D.J. EXPERIMENTAL CHLORATE PRODUCT TREATMENT TO REDUCE FOOD BORNE PATHOGENIC BACTERIA IN RUMINANT AND MONOGASTRIC FOOD ANIMALS. CONFERENCE ON GASTROINTESTINAL FUNCTION.COMPETITIVE EXCLUSION OF SALMONELLA FROM THE GUT OF NEONATAL AND WEANED PIGS

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)GENOVESE, K.J., ANDERSON, R.C., HARVEY, R.B., CALLAWAY, T.R., POOLE, T.L., EDRINGTON, T.S., CRAY, P.J., NISBET, D.J. COMPETITIVE EXCLUSION OF SALMONELLA FROM THE GUT OF NEONATAL AND WEANED PIGS. JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION. 2003. V. 66(8). P. 1353-1359.EFFECT OF TYLOSIN ON THE INHIBITORY STRINGENCY OF A MIXED ANAEROBE CULTURE AGAINST E. COLI 0157:H7

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Poole, T.L., Genovese, K.J., Knape, K.D., Callaway, T.R., Bischoff, K.M., Nisbet, D.J. 2003. Effect of subtherapeutic concentrations of tylosin on the inhibitory stringency of a mixed anaerobe continuous-flow culture of chicken microflora against Escherichia coli O157:H7. Journal of Applied Microbiology. 94:73-79.ADMINISTRATION OF CHLORATE PREPARATIONS IN THE FEED OR WATER TO REDUCE SALMONELLA IN PIGS

- (Abstract Only)PRESLAUGHTER INTERVENTION STRATEGIES TO REDUCE FOOD-BORNE PATHOGENS IN FOOD ANIMALS

- (Proceedings)CALLAWAY, T.R., ANDERSON, R.C., EDRINGTON, T.S., ELDER, R.O., GENOVESE, K.J., BISCHOFF, K.M., POOLE, T.L., JUNG, Y., HARVEY, R.B., NISBET, D.J. PRESLAUGHTER INTERVENTION STRATEGIES TO REDUCE FOOD-BORNE PATHOGENS IN FOOD ANIMALS. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE. 81 (E. Suppl. 2):E17-E23. 2003.ESCHERICHIA COLI 0157:H7 POPULATIONS IN SHEEP CAN BE REDUCED BY CHLORATE SUPPLEMENTATION

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)PREHARVEST INTERVENTION STRATEGIES TO REDUCE FOOD BORNE PATHOGENS IN FOOD  ANIMAL

- (Abstract Only)EVALUATION OF RESISTANCE TO QUATERNARY AMINE DISINFECTANTS AND THEIR COMPONENTS AMONG PATHOGENIC SWINE E. COLI ISOLATES

- (Abstract Only)PARADOXICAL EFFECT DEMONSTRATED BY BENZYL QUATERNARY AMINE DISINFECTANT COMPONENTS DURING SUSCEPTIBILITY TESTING OF ESCHERICHIA COLI ISOLATES

- (Abstract Only)MODELING THE EFFECTS OF SUB-THERAPEUTIC ANTIMICROBIALS ON ENTERIC BACTERIA MAINTAINED IN CONTINUOUS-FLOW CHEMOSTATS

- (Abstract Only)HOW CAN WE PREVENT FOOD BORNE PATHOGENS FROM ENTERING THE ABBATOIR?

- (Proceedings)EFFECTS OF SODIUM CHLORATE ON E. COLI O157:H7 POPULATIONS IN RUMINANTS

- (Proceedings)SODIUM CHLORATE SUPPLEMENTATION REDUCES E. COLI 0157:H7 POPULATIONS IN     CATTLE

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)CLEARANCE OF VANCOMYCIN RESISTANT ENTEROCOCCUS FAECIUM ISOLATES FROM AN    ANAEROBIC CONTINUOUS-FLOW CULTURE OF CHICKEN MICROFLORA IN THE PRESENCE ANDABSENCE OF SUBTHERAPEUTIC CONCENTRATIONS OF VANCOMYCIN

- (Abstract Only)THE CHLORAMPHENICOL RESISTANCE GENE CMIA IS PRESENT ON LARGE PLASMIDS THAT CONFER MULTIPLE DRUG RESISTANCE IN ESCHERICHIA COLI ISOLATED FROM DIARRHEICSWINE

- (Abstract Only)INHIBITION OF A VANCOMYCIN RESISTANT ENTEROCOCCUS FAECIUM BY AN ANAEROBIC CONTINUOUS-FLOW CULTURE OF CHICKEN MICROFLORA

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)Poole, T.L., Genovese, K.J., Anderson, T.J., Bischoff, K.M., Callaway, T.R., Nisbet, D.J. 2001. Inhibition of a vancomycin-resistant enterococcus by an anaerobic continuous-flow culture of chicken microflora. Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease. 13:246-253.QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATION OF ACQUISITION OF CHLORATE RESISTANCE IN SALMONELLA;IMPLICATIONS FOR THE USE OF CHLORATE AS A PREHARVEST PATHOGEN REDUCTION   SUPPLEMENT

- (Abstract Only)PERSISTANCE OF A VANCOMYCIN-RESISTANT ENTEROCOCCUS FAECIUM IN AN ANAEROBIC CONTINUOUS-FLOW CULTURE OF PORCINE MICROFLORA IN THE PRESENCE OF           SUBTHERAPEUTIC CONCENTRATIONS OF VANCOMYCIN

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)POOLE, T.L., HUME, M.E., GENOVESE, K.J., ANDERSON, T.J., SHEFFIELD, C.L., BISCHOFF, K.M., NISBET, D.J. PERSISTANCE OF A VANCOMYCIN-RESISTANT ENTEROCOCCUS FAECIUM IN AN ANAEROBIC CONTINUOUS-FLOW CULTURE OF PORCINE MICROFLORA IN THE PRESENCE OF           SUBTHERAPEUTIC CONCENTRATIONS OF VANCOMYCIN. Microbial Drug Resistance. 2001.EFFECT OF ADMINISTERING SODIUM CHLORATE IN DRINKING WATER ON SALMONELLA    TYPHIMURIUM CONCENTRATIONS IN WEANED AND FINISHED PIGS

- (Abstract Only)EFFECT OF A SUBTHERAPEUTIC LEVEL OF VIRGINIAMYCIN ON THE CLEARANCE OF      E.COLI 0157:H7 FROM AN ANAEROBIC CONTINUOUS-FLOW CULTURE OF CHICKEN        MICROFLORA

- (Abstract Only)ESCHERICHIA COLI 0157:H7 BECOMES RESISTANT TO SODIUM CHLORATE IN PURE, BUT NOT MIXED CULTURE OR IN VIVO

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)GENOTYPIC VARIATION AMONG ARCOBACTER ISOLATES FROM A FARROW-TO-FINISH SWINEFACILITY

- (Peer Reviewed Journal)CHANGES IN THE MICROBIAL ECOLOGY OF A MIXED ANAEROBIC BACTERIAL CULTURE    CHALLENGED WITH VANCOMYCIN

- (Abstract Only)


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