# Patent

## Title
Razor having deformable shaving aid ejection system and method of ejecting shaving aid

## Abstract

A shaving aid delivery system for a shaving system includes a razor head having a resilient reservoir for holding a shaving aid and a piezoelectric ceramic disposed adjacent the resilient reservoir. The delivery system also includes a shaving strip disposed within the razor head, an actuator and an ejection port. The shaving strip is oriented to engage the skin of a user during a shaving stroke and the actuator electrically couples to the piezoelectric ceramic such that, upon activation, the actuator causes deformation of the piezoelectric ceramic which, in turn, deforms the resilient reservoir and forces the shaving aid from the reservoir through the ejection port. Alternatively, the actuator may include a shape memory alloy which, upon transformation between states, deforms the reservoir and forces the shaving aid from the reservoir through the ejection port.

## Background
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
This application claims benefit under Title 35 U.S.C. § 119(e) of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/352,803 filed Jan. 30, 2002, the disclosure of which is herein incorporated by reference.


BACKGROUND
The present disclosure relates to a shaving system having a lubricating shaving aid for improving the ease with which a razor can be drawn across the skin during the shaving process. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to a shaving system which utilizes a deformable element for selectively ejecting shaving aid on demand.
FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE
It is known that many factors contribute to overall discomfort during the shaving process. Such factors may include excessive frictional drag of the razor across the skin and the inflammation of various known epidermal conditions which may become irritated by the shaving process, e.g., psoriasis, eczema, erythema, skin rashes, acne, etc. Efforts to address some of these factors have led to the use of emollients such as, for example, pre-shave and/or after-shave lotions, beard softening agents, lathering emollients, medicinal or soothing ointments, aloes, foams, soaps, etc. Even though shaving comfort may be enhanced to some degree utilizing one or more of the above emollients, the requirement that they be applied before or after shaving tends to decrease their overall effectiveness and simply adds to the complexity and time consuming process of shaving.
It is also known that shaving systems themselves may be significantly enhanced by utilizing a shaving aid to lubricate the skin engaging surfaces during the shaving process. For example, static lubricating shaving aids integrated with or attached to the shaving instrument typically adjacent the blade(s) are known to substantially reduce the frictional drag of the skin engaging elements as the shaving instrument is drawn across the shaver's skin. Typically, these shaving aids are manufactured as lubricating strips which are affixed to the razor head proximate the razor cap portion. The lubricating strips generally include a water-insoluble polymer-like material, e.g., polystyrene, and a water-soluble shaving aid emollient, e.g., polyethylene oxide, which tends to leach from the strip during shaving to enhance shave comfort by reducing friction. Unfortunately, conventional shaving aid strips tend to release an unbalanced quantity of shaving aid over time. Initially, a great quantity will leach from the strip while, after repeated use, progressively smaller quantities are released. Moreover, the surface of the strip may become irregular and rough after repeated use thereby increasing the coefficient of friction of the strip which may contribute to further skin irritation.
As a result, several manufacturers have attempted to develop new systems associated with the delivery of shaving aids to enhance and prolong the release of the shaving aid during the initial shaving process and over the course of several shaves. Other efforts have been directed at providing delivery systems which consistently apply the appropriate amount of shaving aid over repeated shavings. However and by and large, many of these efforts have been only partially successful in their ability to consistently provide shaving aid over repeated shaving cycles to maintain a consistent and acceptable level of comfort during the shaving process.
Accordingly, there exists a need to develop a simple and effective shaving system which incorporates a system for effectively delivering a desired amount of shaving aid automatically or selectively by a user over the course of the normal and expected life of the razor or razor cartridge.
SUMMARY
The present disclosure relates to a shaving aid delivery system for a shaving system which includes a razor head having a resilient reservoir for holding a shaving aid and a deformable element disposed adjacent the resilient reservoir. The delivery system also includes an ejection port for issuing the shaving aid from the reservoir and an actuator coupled to the deformable element for initiating deformation of the deformable element. Deformation of the element, in turn, deforms the resilient portion of the reservoir and forces the shaving aid from the reservoir through the ejection port.
Preferably the deformable element includes a piezoelectric material (e.g., piezoelectric ceramic) which deforms when electrical energy is applied across the ceramic. More particularly, upon application of electrical energy, the material compresses which, in turn, deforms the resilient portion of the reservoir thus forcing ink through the ejection port.
In one embodiment, the delivery system includes a shaving strip disposed within the razor head and an actuator which electrically couples to the deformable element to cause expulsion of the shaving aid when activated. Preferably, the shaving strip is made from a low friction absorbent foam-like material and is oriented to engage the skin of a user during a shaving stroke. Alternatively, the shaving strip could also be made from a porous or permeable membrane with a unidirectional flow which engages the skin of the user during shaving.
In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the razor head is selectively engageable with and detachable from a razor handle, i.e., a disposable razor head cartridge. Alternatively, the razor head may be integral with the razor handle and the entire razor is disposable after a recommended number of shaves. Preferably, the actuator is affixed to the razor handle such that selective activation of the actuator dispenses shaving aid from the reservoir to the shaving strip as needed during the shaving process.
In yet another embodiment according to the present disclosure, a plurality of ejection ports are disposed across the razor head and each ejection port directs shaving aid from the reservoir onto the shaving strip upon activation of the actuator. The delivery system may also include a plurality of reservoirs each having an ejection port for dispersing shaving aid along the length of the shaving strip. Alternatively, the shaving strip may be segmented such that each strip segment aligns with one or more corresponding ejection port(s) to receive shaving aid upon selective actuation by the user.
Preferably, each reservoir contains one or more shaving aids (or different shaving aids) selected from the group consisting of: silicone oils, Aloe Vera compounds, moisturizers, medicinal agents, cosmetic agents, essential oils, vitamin oils, lubricants, sunflower oils, sodium pyruvates, polyethylene oxides, non-ionic polyacrylamides, polysaccharides, sodium lauryl sulphates, polystyrene compounds and polypropylene compounds. More specific examples include: synthetic shaving aids such as Dimenthicone, C12-C15 Alcohol Benzoates, Glycerin, Cety Alcohol and Steryl Alcohol and natural shaving aids such as Jojoba oil, Allantoin, and Sesame oil.
Another embodiment of the present disclosure includes a shaving aid delivery system for a shaving system having a razor head with a plurality of resilient reservoirs for holding a shaving aid. The system also includes a shaving strip disposed proximate each of the reservoirs and an ejection port disposed within each of the reservoirs for issuing shaving aid upon demand. At least one piezoelectric ceramic is disposed adjacent to the resilient portions of the reservoirs and is coupled to an electrical source and at least one actuator. Upon activation, the actuator causes deformation of the piezoelectric ceramic which, in turn, deforms the resilient portion of the reservoir thus forcing shaving aid from the reservoir through the ejection port.
Preferably, the actuator(s) is selectively and independently activatable to direct shaving aid from the corresponding reservoir(s) into contact with the shaving strip.
In another embodiment, the delivery system includes at least one shape memory alloy disposed adjacent to the resilient portions of the reservoirs. The shape memory alloy is temperature sensitive such that, upon a change in temperature, the shape memory alloy deforms which, in turn, deforms the resilient reservoir and forces the shaving aid from the reservoir through the ejection port.
The present disclosure also relates to a method of ejecting shaving aid from a razor head and includes the steps of: providing a razor head having an electrical source, a resilient reservoir for holding a shaving aid, a piezoelectric ceramic coupled to the electrical source and disposed adjacent the resilient reservoir, a shaving strip disposed within the razor head and oriented to engage the skin of a user during a shaving stroke, and an ejection port for directing the shaving aid from the reservoir into contact with the shaving strip.
The method also includes the step of: selectively activating the electrical source to deform the piezoelectric ceramic which, in turn, deforms the resilient reservoir and forces the shaving aid from the reservoir through the ejection port into contact with the shaving strip.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Other objects and features of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following detailed description considered in connection with the accompanied drawings. It should be understood, however, that the drawings are designed for the purpose of illustration only and not as a definition of the limits of the present disclosure.
An illustrative embodiment of the subject piezo-electric shaving aid ejection system and method are described herein with reference to the drawings wherein:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a razor cartridge for a shaving system;
FIG. 2A is an enlarged, side cross-sectional view of the razor cartridge of FIG. 1 having a shaving aid delivery system according to the present disclosure;
FIG. 2B is an enlarged, side cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the shaving aid delivery system wherein the razor cartridge is integrally associated with a razor handle;
FIG. 2C is an enlarged, side cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the shaving aid delivery system wherein the deformable element includes a shape memory alloy;
FIG. 3A is a schematic, perspective view of the shaving aid delivery system according to the present disclosure showing a reservoir having a series of nozzles for issuing shaving aid onto a shaving strip;
FIG. 3B is a schematic, perspective view of the shaving aid delivery system of FIG. 3A showing shaving aid being issued from the nozzles as a result of deformation of the reservoir;
FIG. 3C is a schematic, side view of another embodiment of the shaving aid delivery system having three reservoirs filled with different shaving aids shown prior to deformation of the reservoirs;
FIG. 3D is a schematic, side view of the FIG. 3C embodiment during activation showing the resultant deformation of the reservoirs which force the shaving aid through the ejection ports; and
FIG. 4 is an enlarged, schematic view of another embodiment of the shaving aid delivery system having three reservoirs filled with different shaving aids wherein the reservoirs are dimensioned to dispense shaving aid uniformly across the razor head cartridge.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring now to FIGS. 1-3A, one embodiment of a shaving aid delivery system is shown for use prior to and/or during the shaving process and is generally identified by reference numeral 60. The shaving aid delivery system 60 may be incorporated with the various known types of disposable razors in which the razor (or the useable portion thereof, e.g., a razor head cartridge) is disposed and replaced after a select number of shaves.
The embodiment of the present disclosure illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2A show a shaving system 10 in the form of a razor head cartridge 12 which includes a support base 14 having resilient supports 50 and 55 which movably connect a pair of sharpened blades 20a and 20b and a cap member 30 to the support base 14. Although FIGS. 1 and 2 show a shaving system 10 with a disposable cartridge 12, the advantages of the present disclosure are equally applicable to other razor designs and shaving systems, e.g., shaving system 10′ (see FIG. 2B). As used herein, the term “razor head” is meant to include cartridges 12 which are designed and manufactured for attachment to a separate razor handle 100, as well as a disposable razor wherein the skin-engaging portions (i.e., guard bar, blades, cap and lubricating shaving strip) are integrally formed with a razor handle section 100. Moreover, although the shaving systems disclosed herein generally relate to facial shaving systems, it is contemplated that the presently-disclosed shaving aid delivery system may be included with other known shaving systems which engage other skin areas, e.g., legs, arms, surgical areas, etc.
The razor head 12, 12′, 12′′ illustrated in FIGS. 1, 2A, 2B and 2C include a support base 14 defined by forward and rear surfaces 17 and 19, respectively, and fixed side walls 15a and 15b. A skin engaging guard member 40 is affixed to the support base 14 along and proximate the forward surface 17 of base 14 and a shaving strip 64 is disposed along the rear surface 19 of base 14. A seat blade 20a and a cap blade 20b are supported by a plurality of resilient support members 50 and 55 as best shown in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C. The tip of each blade 20a and 20b includes a cutting edge 21a and 21b, respectively, which refers to the area within about 1 mm from the ultimate tip of each blade 20a, 20b. 
Preferably, the razor blade cutting edges 21a and 21b are coated with a thin layer of metal coating that provides enhanced durability and corrosion resistance to the underlying metal, e.g., chromium or a chromium/platinum alloy. Other materials may also be coated on a razor blade(s) 20a, 20b such as, for example, the various coating materials identified in U.S. Pat. No. 5,630,275 which is hereby incorporated in its entirety by reference herein.
It is envisioned that the support members 50 and 55 are attached along base 14 and support each blade 20a and 20b. The guard member 40, blades 20a and 20b, cap member 30, lubricating strip 64 and the outward facing surfaces of the side walls 15a and 15b together define the face 16 of the razor head 12 (12′, 12′′). These elements are commonly referred to hereafter as “skin engaging elements”.
Preferably, a plurality of resilient supports 50 and 55 are disposed at various positions along the face 16 of the razor head 12 (12′, 12′′) to increase the stability of the blades 20a and 20b and also to provide greater flexibility. It is envisioned that the support members 50 and 55 are designed to have sufficient inherent resiliency to allow the blades 20a and 20b and cap member 30 to move downwardly relative to side walls 15a and 15b, i.e. toward base 14, in response to the normal forces encountered during shaving. Preferably, the resilient support members 50 and 55 are manufactured from the same resilient material, however, it is contemplated that the support members 50 and 55 may be manufactured from different resilient materials having varying resiliencies. The length and positioning of the resilient support members 50 and 55 may be also modified to increase or decrease the overall aggressiveness of the shaving geometry in response to forces encountered during shaving. For example, if the length of one resilient support, e.g., 55, is shorter than another resilient support, e.g., 50, the overall shaving angle which directly correlates to the aggressiveness of the shave will change in response to normal shaving forces.
The guard member 40 includes a rear surface 42 which affixes the guard member 40 to the base 14 and an outermost guard surface 41 which is preferably made from a resilient, skin-engaging material having a higher coefficient of friction with wet skin than a rigid plastic of the type commonly used with many disposable cartridges 12. The guard surface 41 is preferably designed to limit the degree to which the razor can be pressed into the skin which protects the skin from cuts and nicks.
The guard member 40 may be either a single unitary piece or separate segments, as set forth in commonly-owned U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,689,883 and 5,475,923 which are both hereby incorporated in their entirety by reference herein. Preferably, the resilient guard surface 41 is formed from one or more materials made from polypropylene, Hercuprene 1000, 3000 series, Durometer 30 to 90 A scale available from J-Von, Leominster, Mass.; Kraton G series, Durometer 30 to 90 A scale available from Shell Chemical Co., Lisle, Ill.; and Santoprene 2271 series, Durometer 30 to 90 A scale available from Monsanto, Co.
It is contemplated that one or more of the above-identified resilient materials may also be disposed on the upper, skin-engaging portions of sidewalls 15a and 15b. As can be appreciated, the higher coefficient of friction of the resilient material enables the guard member 40 (and the sidewalls 15a, 15b) to grip the skin and exert greater control of the skin as it flows over the blade(s) 20a, 20b. Moreover, the resilient material provides a more detectable sensation to the skin in a manner which will tend to mask any unpleasant sensory perceptions of a sharpened blade traveling across the skin.
Cap member 30 seats atop blade 20b. The cap member 30 may be formed as a single piece extending across the face 16 of the razor head 12, 12′, 12′′ or the cap member 30 may be segmented into a plurality of individual segments depending upon a particular purpose. It is contemplated that the cap member 30 may be integrally formed with or affixed to one or more of the resilient supports 50, 55 in order to unify the overall movement of the blades 20a, 20b and the cap member 30 across the skin during a shaving stroke. Other advantages relating to the formation of the cap member 30 are described in commonly-owned U.S. Pat. No. 5,822,862 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,822,862, U.S. Pat. No. 5,666,729 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,456,009 which are all hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety herein.
As best illustrated in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the shaving system 10 (10′) includes a shaving aid delivery system 60 according to the present disclosure which is disposed within the razor head 12 (12′) for selectively delivering shaving aid 300 either prior to and/or during the shaving process. More particularly, the shaving aid delivery system 60 includes a resilient reservoir or container 62 for storing a predetermined amount of shaving aid 300 for dispersal and a lubricating strip 64 disposed atop the reservoir 62 which engages the skin during the shaving stroke.
As used herein, the term “shaving aid 300” refers to a large variety of known shave-aiding agents which comprise one or more combinations of the following substances:

    
    
        A lubricating agent for reducing the frictional forces between the razor and the skin, e.g., a silicone oil;
        An agent which reduces the drag between the razor parts and the surface being shaved, e.g., a polyethylene oxide in the range of molecular weight between 100,000 and 6,000,000; a non-ionic polyacrylamide; and/or a natural polysaccharide derived from plant materials such as “guar gum”;
        An agent which modifies the chemical structure of the hair to allow the razor blade to pass through the whiskers very easily, e.g., a depilatory agent;
        A cleaning agent which allows the whisker and skin debris to wash more easily from the razor parts during shaving, e.g., a silicone polyethylene oxide block copolymer and detergent such as sodium lauryl sulphate;
        A medicinal agent for killing bacteria, or repairing skin damage and abrasions;
        A cosmetic agent for softening, smoothing, conditioning or improving the skin;
        A blood coagulant for the suppression of bleeding that occurs from nicks and cuts;
        Essential oils;
        Vitamin E, e.g., in a formulation of vitamin E acetate, sodium pyruvate, and sunflower oil, contained on a polytrap bead carrier;
        Synthetic moisturizers, lubricants, emollients, e.g., Dimenthicone, C12-C15 Alcohol Benzoates, Glycerin, Cety Alcohol and Steryl Alcohol;
        Natural moisturizers, lubricants, emollients, e.g., Jojoba oil, Allantoin, Aloe Vera and Sesame oil.
    
    


With respect to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, a piezoelectric material 65 (e.g., piezoelectric ceramic) is disposed between the resilient reservoir 62 and a sill or ledge 61 which supports the reservoir 62 within the razor head 12 (12′). For the purposes herein, the term “piezoelectric material” refers generically to a wide array of known materials and composites which deform as a result of a voltage or current being applied to or across the material. Alternatively, the piezoelectric material may include a combination of a piezoelectric ceramic disposed between two electrodes.
Piezoelectricity is the phenomenon in which certain substances develop an electric field when subjected to pressure forces or, conversely, exhibit a mechanical deformation when subjected to an electric field. The piezoelectric effect is found only in crystals which have no center of symmetry. Examples include quartz, Rochelle salt and many synthetic polycrystalline ceramics. In the manufacture of piezoceramics, a suitable dielectric material (e.g. barium titanate or lead zirconate titanate) is first fabricated into a desired shape and then electrodes are applied to it.
The piezoceramic element is then heated to an elevated temperature and subsequently cooled while in the presence of a strong direct current electric field. This process polarizes the ceramic by aligning the molecular dipoles of the ceramic in the direction of the applied field. Since ceramics are generally much stronger in compression then in tension, they are preloaded to assure that the ceramic component is always in compression. This avoids potential damage to the piezoceramic element. When a voltage is selectively applied to the piezoelectric ceramic, the ceramic displaces in the polarizing direction which causes the ceramic to deform.
As best seen in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the piezoelectric material 65 is coupled to an electrical source 135, e.g., battery, through an actuator or switch 130. Preferably, switch 130 is disposed on the razor handle 100 to enable the user to easily and selectively dispense shaving aid 300 from reservoir 62 as needed prior to and/or during the shaving process. The reservoir 62 also includes an ejector or nozzle 68 which issues shaving aid 300 from the reservoir 62 onto the lubricating shaving strip or pad 64 as described in more detail below with respect to FIGS. 3A-4. Preferably, the nozzle 68 is tapered to facilitate distribution of the shaving aid 300 in a droplet-like form atop the shaving strip 64. The shaving strip 64 is disposed proximate the rear surface 19 of the razor head 10 and is oriented to engage the skin surface during a normal shaving stroke. It is envisioned that the shaving strip 64 may be formed of unitary construction (see FIGS. 3C and 3D) or segmented (see FIGS. 1, 3A, 3B and 4).
It is also envisioned that the shaving system could be designed such that the shaving aid 300 is dispersed automatically prior to engagement of the razor 12 with the skin of the user and/or during engagement of the razor with the skin. For example, the actuator or switch 130 could be automatically activated on facial contact and/or on a change in temperature (hot water).
FIG. 2A shows one embodiment of the delivery system 60 which is designed for use with a disposable razor head 12 (i.e., commonly referred to as a “razor cartridge”) which selectively engages a permanent razor handle 100. It is envisioned that the razor head 12 may engage the razor handle 100 utilizing a variety of different engagement mechanisms and techniques known in the art such as, for example, the mechanisms and techniques described with respect to commonly-owned U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,182,366, 6,138,361, 6,122,826, 6,112,412, 6,026,577, 5,953,824, 5,787,593 and 5,333,383 which are all hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety herein.
With particular respect to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2A, the handle 100 (or at least a portion thereof) is dimensioned to engage a corresponding cavity 23 disposed within the razor head 12. The razor head 12 includes a notch 27 disposed therein which is dimensioned to selectively engage a pin 112 projecting from the razor handle 100. Preferably, the pin 112 and notch 27 interface allows the razor head 12 to pivot in response to the normal forces encountered during shaving.
An electrical contact 25 is also disposed within the razor head 12 which is designed to electronically interface with a corresponding contact 120 disposed with the handle upon engagement of the razor head 12 atop the handle 100. An electrical cable 67 (or the like) may be employed to connect the contact 25 with the piezoelectric material 65. Similarly, additional cables 137 and 139 may be employed to electrically connect contact 120 to the electrical source 135 through the switch 130. As can be appreciated, the contacts 25 and 120 (and electrical cables 139, 137 and 67) provide electrical continuity from the electrical source 135 to the piezoelectric material 65 upon activation of the switch 130.
When switch 130 is activated, the piezoelectric material 65 (which as explained above is disposed between the resilient reservoir 62 and the sill 51) deforms which causes a resultant deformation in the resilient reservoir 62 thus reducing the overall volume of the resilient reservoir 62. This change in volume forces shaving aid 300 stored in the reservoir 62 through the nozzles 68 onto the shaving strip 64. It is envisioned that a control circuit (not shown) may be included with the switch 130 to control the overall release of shaving aid during activation.
FIG. 2B shows another embodiment of the delivery system 60 disposed within a shaving system 10′ wherein the entire shaving system 10′ is disposable. This embodiment incorporates many of the same features of the shaving system 10 with the exception that the razor head 12′ is integral with the razor handle 100. Similar shaving systems are described U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,678,316 and 5,575,068 which are both hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety herein.
FIG. 2C shows yet another embodiment of the delivery system according to the present disclosure which utilizes a shape memory alloy 165 to deform the resilient reservoir 162 and force the shaving aid 300 through the nozzles 168. More particularly, a shape memory alloy (SMA) may be employed to deform the reservoir 162 upon transformation from an austenitic state to a martenistic state with a change in temperature or stress.
SMAs are a family of alloys having anthropomorphic qualities of memory and trainability. SMAs have been applied to such items as actuators for control systems, medical catheters and damping mechanisms. One of the most common SMAs is Nitinol which can retain shape memories for two different physical configurations and changes shape as a function of temperature. Recently, other SMAs have been developed based on copper, zinc and aluminum and have similar shape memory retaining features.
SMAs undergo a crystalline phase transition upon applied temperature and/or stress variations. A particularly useful attribute of SMAs is that after it is deformed by temperature/stress, it can completely recover its original shape on being returned to the original temperature. This transformation is referred to as a thermoelastic martenistic transformation.
Under normal conditions, the thermoelastic martenistic transformation occurs over a temperature range which varies with the composition of the alloy, itself, and the type of thermal-mechanical processing by which it was manufactured. In other words, the temperature at which a shape is “memorized” by an SMA is a function of the temperature at which the martensite and austenite crystals form in that particular alloy. For example, Nitinol alloys can be fabricated so that the shape memory effect will occur over a wide range of temperatures, e.g., −270° to +100° Celsius.
As best shown in FIG. 2C, the shaving aid delivery system 160 includes an SMA which is disposed within a cavity 163 formed near the rear surface 19 of the razor head 12′′. Preferably, the cavity 163 is dimensioned to allow hot water to infiltrate the cavity 163 during shaving which will initiate transformation of the SMA 165 from its initial flat configuration to a bulging configuration (shown in phantom representation) which forces the shaving aid 300 from the reservoir, through the nozzle 165 and onto the shaving strip 164.
As can be appreciated, over a period of time and as the SMA 165 cools, the SMA 165 will revert back to its original austenitic configuration and re-prime the shaving system 160 for subsequent or additional ejection of shaving aid 300. Alternatively, the user may manually transform the SMA 165 back to its original austenitic (i.e., flat configuration) by introducing colder water into the cavity 163 which manually re-primes the shaving system 160 for additional ejection of the shaving aid 300 upon demand.
It is envisioned that the reservoir 162 may be multi-chambered to include intake chambers and outtake chambers (not shown). The outtake chambers are connected to the nozzle 168 for ejection purposes and the intake chambers are designed to re-prime the outtake chamber upon reversion of the SMA 165 from the martenistic state to the austenitic state.
As best shown in FIGS. 3C-4, a plurality of reservoirs may be included in the shaving aid delivery system 60 to enable the user to selectively delivery different shaving aids 300 from specific reservoirs upon demand. More particularly, the shaving system 60 may include a series of reservoirs 62a, 62b and 62c which may include a common deformable element 65 (see FIGS. 3A and 3B) or a plurality of individual deformable elements 65a, 65b, 65c (see FIG. 3C) to issue the shaving aid 300 on demand. As can be appreciated, each deformable element, e.g., 65a, may be individually coupled to the same or a separate switch, e.g. 130a, to dispense a desired amount of shaving aid 300a when activated by the user.
In one embodiment, the switch 130 incorporates a circuit (not shown) which regulates an appropriate amount of shaving aid 300 to be dispensed from a particular reservoir 62a-62c based upon the desire of an individual user. For example, the user may select a particular switch setting denoted as “sensitive” which will distribute the shaving aid 300 from a reservoir 62a with sensitive shaving emollients or mix a combination of shaving aids 300a, 300b, 300c from a plurality of reservoirs 62a-62c in specific amounts to dispense the shaving aids 300a-300c onto shaving strips 64a-64c to provide added protection for sensitive skin. A different user may select another setting, e.g., heavy beard”, to achieve a different shaving feel or to release different combinations or amounts of shaving aid 300 from reservoirs 62a-62c. 
It is also envisioned that the delivery system 60 may include one or a series of interconnected micro-ducts or microchannels (not shown) (or other types of microfluidics technology) which mix the various shaving aids 300 from reservoirs 62a, 62b and 62c prior to and/or after ejection from the nozzles 68a, 68b1, 68b2 and 68c. As can be appreciated, mixing the shaving aids in this manner would provide a more homogenous shaving aid solution for shaving and comfort purposes.
FIGS. 3C and 3D show another embodiment of the shaving aid delivery system 60 wherein each individual reservoir, e.g., reservoir 62a, includes a separate deformable element, e.g. 65a, which is electrically coupled to a separate switch, e.g. switch 130a. The user selectively regulates the amount of shaving aid 300 dispensed from each reservoir 62a upon activation of a particular switch 130a, 130b, 130c (e.g., see deformable element 65a compared to deformable element 65c in FIG. 3D). As mentioned above, switch 130a, 130b, 130c may include a control circuit (not shown) which regulates the overall deformation of the deformable element which directly relates to the issuance of a particular amount of shaving aid 300. It is also envisioned that the delivery system 60 may include a plurality of nozzles, e.g., 68b1 and 68b2, disposed within each reservoir, e.g. reservoir 62b, to foster uniform distribution of the shaving aid 300b across the shaving strip 64 (see FIGS. 3C and 3D).
FIG. 4 shows yet another embodiment of the shaving aid delivery system 60 wherein each reservoir 62a, 62b and 62c is dimensioned to extend across the face 16 of the razor head 12 in a row-like manner, e.g., parallel to the blade members 20a, 20b and cap member 30. More particularly, reservoir 62a is disposed proximate cap member 30, reservoir 62b is stacked behind reservoir 62a and reservoir 62c is stacked behind reservoir 62b. As can be appreciated, dimensioning the reservoirs 62a-62c in this manner fosters uniform distribution of the individual shaving aid 300a-300c across the shaving surface during the shaving stroke in the direction of arrow “B”. A series of nozzles 68a, 68b, 68c may be arranged along each shaving strip 64a, 64b, 64c, respectively, to facilitate uniform distribution of the shaving aids 300a, 300b and 300c across each strip 64a, 64b and 64c, respectively.
The present disclosure also relates to a method of ejecting shaving aid 300 from a razor head 12 and includes the steps of: providing a razor head 12 having an electrical source 135, a resilient reservoir 62 for holding a shaving aid 300, a piezoelectric ceramic 65 coupled to the electrical source 135 and disposed adjacent the resilient reservoir 62, a shaving strip 64 disposed within the razor head 12 and oriented to engage the skin of a user during a shaving stroke, and an ejection port 68 for directing the shaving aid 300 from the reservoir 62 into contact with the shaving strip 64.
The method also includes the step of: selectively activating the electrical source 135 to deform the piezoelectric ceramic 65 which, in turn, deforms the resilient reservoir 62 and forces the shaving aid 300 from the reservoir 62 through the ejection port 68 into contact with the shaving strip 64.
From the foregoing and with reference to the various figure drawings, those skilled in the art will appreciate that certain modifications can be made to the present disclosure without departing from the scope of the same. For example, while two blades 20a, 20b are used for illustrative purposes, the razor head may include one, two, three or more blades. Cap member 30 may be segmented into multiple segments in order to eliminate distortion during post-molding shrinkage. At least one of the blades 20a, 20b may include one or more fencing elements such as the type disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,263,330, 3,505,734, 3,750,285 and 4,122,006 which are all hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety herein.
Moreover, it is envisioned that two users may purchase the same shaving system 10 and subsequently select different combinations of shaving aids 300 from any number of reservoirs 62 to provide individualized shaving experiences based upon a particular need, e.g., sensitive skin emollients and/or emollients to soften a heavy beard. It is also contemplated that the shaving aid delivery system 60 may be disposed on other skin engaging surfaces of the razor head 12, e.g., guard bar 40, cap member 30, and/or side walls 15a, 15b. Alternatively, it is also envisioned that the shaving aid delivery system may be employed without a comfort strip, i.e., shaving aid 300 is issued directly from the reservoir(s) 62 and onto the skin of the user upon activation, e.g., “sprayed” onto the skin.
It is also envisioned that the user may be able to selectively dispense different shaving aids 300 over the course of the shaving process. For example, it is envisioned that the user may be able to initially dispense a particular shaving agent 300a from a particular reservoir 62a and/or a combination of reservoirs 62a, 62b, 62c to soften the user's beard prior to shaving (in this instance, for example, the user may be able to reverse the shaving stroke (i.e., opposite the intended cutting stroke direction “B” of the blades 20a, 20b) to simply apply a pre-shave emollient to the skin without cutting). Thereafter, the user may apply subsequent shaving aids 300b, 300c (or a combination thereof) as needed during the shaving process to achieve a desired shaving sensation, e.g., sensitive shaving aid, after shave emollient, etc.
It is also envisioned that one or more of the reservoirs may include a second port or orifice which enables the reservoir(s) to be refilled with one or more shaving aids. For example, the razor could be sold with a syringe which engages the second orifice and enables the user to refill the reservoir with additional shaving aid(s) as needed.
It is further contemplated that the presently disclosed shaving system may employ microfluidics technology to mix and/or evenly distribute the shaving aid onto the comfort strip. In addition, the shaving strip could be made from a porous or permeable membrane with a unidirectional flow which absorbs the shaving aid for subsequent engagement and issuance to the skin of the user during shaving.
While several embodiments of the disclosure have been described herein, it is not intended that the disclosure be limited thereto, as it is intended that the disclosure be as broad in scope as the art will allow and that the specification be read likewise. Therefore, the above description should not be construed as limiting, but merely as exemplifications of preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art will envision other modifications within the scope and spirit of the claims appended hereto.

## Claims

1. A shaving aid delivery system for a shaving system, comprising:
a razor head having a plurality of reservoirs for holding a shaving aid, each of said reservoirs including a resilient portion; 
a shaving strip disposed within said razor head and oriented to engage the skin of a user during a shaving stroke, said shaving strip being positioned relative to each of said reservoirs; 
an ejection port disposed within each of said reservoirs for issuing said shaving aid from said reservoir into contact with said shaving strip upon activation of an actuator; and 
at least one piezoelectric material disposed adjacent to said resilient portions of said reservoirs, said piezoelectric material being coupled to an electrical source through said actuator such that, upon activation, said actuator causes deformation of said piezoelectric material which, in turn, deforms said resilient portion of said reservoir and forces said shaving aid from said reservoir through said ejection port.

2. A shaving aid delivery system according to claim 1 wherein said shaving aid is selected from the group consisting of: silicone oils, Aloe Vera compounds, medicinal agents, cosmetic agents, essential oils, vitamin oils, sunflower oils, sesame oils, Jojoba oils, Allantoin, sodium pyruvates, polyethylene oxides, non-ionic polyacrylamides, polysaccharides, sodium lauryl sulphates, polystyrene compounds and polypropylene compounds, Dimenthicone, Alcohol Benzoates, Glycerin, Cety Alcohol, and Steryl Alcohol.

3. A shaving aid delivery system according to claim 1 wherein one of said plurality of said reservoirs includes a first shaving aid and another of said plurality of said reservoirs includes a second shaving aid, each of said first and second shaving aids is selected from the group consisting of: silicone oils, Aloe Vera compounds, medicinal agents, cosmetic agents, essential oils, vitamin oils, sunflower oils, sesame oils, Jojoba oils, Allantoin, sodium pyruvates, polyethylene oxides, non-ionic polyacrylamides, polysaccharides, sodium lauryl sulphates, polystyrene compounds and polypropylene compounds, Dimenthicone, Alcohol Benzoates, Glycerin, Cety Alcohol, and Steryl Alcohol.

4. A shaving aid delivery system according to claim 1 further comprising a plurality of piezoelectric materials, each of said piezoelectric materials being disposed adjacent one of said plurality of reservoirs.

5. A shaving aid delivery system according to claim 4 comprising, a plurality of actuators, each of said actuators being electrically coupled to one of said piezoelectric materials.

6. A shaving aid delivery system according to claim 5 wherein each of said actuators is selectively and independently activatable to direct shaving aid from each of said corresponding reservoirs into contact with said shaving strip.

7. A shaving aid delivery system according to claim 1 further comprising a plurality of shaving strips, each of said strips being disposed adjacent to one of said plurality of reservoirs.

8. A method of ejecting shaving aid from a razor head comprising the steps of:
providing a razor head having: 
an electrical source; 
reservoir for holding a shaving aid, said reservoir including a resilient portion; 
a piezoelectric material coupled to said electrical source and disposed adjacent said resilient portion of said reservoir; 
a shaving strip disposed within said razor head and oriented to engage the skin of a user during a shaving stroke; 
an ejection part for directing said shaving aid from said reservoir into contact with said shaving strip; and 

selectively activating the electrical source to deform said piezoelectric material which, in turn, deforms said resilient portion of said reservoir to force said shaving aid from said reservoir through said ejection port into contact with said shaving strip.

9. A shaving aid delivery system for a shaving system, comprising:
a razor head having a plurality of reservoirs for holding a shaving aid, each of said reservoirs including a resilient portion; 
a shaving strip disposed within said razor head and oriented to engage the skin of a user during a shaving stroke, said shaving strip being positioned relative to each of said reservoirs; 
an ejection port disposed within each of said reservoirs for issuing said shaving aid from said reservoir into contact with said shaving strip upon activation of an actuator; and 
at least one shape memory alloy disposed adjacent to said resilient portions of said reservoirs, said shape memory alloy being temperature sensitive such that, upon a change in temperature, said shape memory alloy deforms which, in turn, deforms said resilient portion of said reservoir and forces said shaving aid from said reservoir through said ejection port.

10. A shaving aid delivery system for a shaving system, comprising:
a razor head having at least one reservoir for holding a shaving aid, said reservoir having at least one resilient portion; 
a deformable element disposed adjacent to said resilient portion of said reservoir, said deformable element including a piezoelectric material and an electrical source; 
an ejection port for issuing said shaving aid from said reservoir; and 
an actuator coupled to said deformable element for initiating deformation of said deformable element which, in turn, deforms said resilient portion of said reservoir and forces said shaving aid from said reservoir through said ejection port.

11. A shaving aid delivery system for a shaving system, comprising:
a razor head having at least one reservoir for holding a shaving aid, said reservoir having at least one resilient portion; 
a deformable element disposed adjacent to said resilient portion of said reservoir, said deformable element including a shape memory alloy which is temperature sensitive; 
an ejection port for issuing said shaving aid from said reservoir; and 
an actuator coupled to said deformable element for initiating deformation of said deformable element which, in turn, deforms said resilient portion of said reservoir and forces said shaving aid from said reservoir through said ejection port.

12. A shaving aid delivery system for a shaving system comprising:
a razor head having at least one reservoir for holding a shaving aid, said reservoir having at least one resilient portion; 
a deformable element disposed adjacent to said resilient portion of said reservoir; 
an ejection port for issuing said shaving aid from said reservoir; 
an actuator coupled to said deformable element for initiating deformation of said deformable element which, in turn, deforms said resilient portion of said reservoir and forces said shaving aid from said reservoir through said ejection port; and 
a segmented shaving strip disposed within said razor head and oriented to engage the skin of a user during a shaving stroke.