SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK

Appellate Division, Fourth Judicial Department

738 

KA 10-02421 

PRESENT: SMITH, J.P., PERADOTTO, DEJOSEPH, TROUTMAN, AND SCUDDER, JJ. 

 

THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, RESPONDENT, 

V MEMORANDUM AND ORDER

JASON L. CLARK, DEFENDANT-APPELLANT.

 

TIMOTHY P. DONAHER, PUBLIC DEFENDER, ROCHESTER (JON P. GETZ OF

COUNSEL), FOR DEFENDANT-APPELLANT.

SANDRA DOORLEY, DISTRICT ATTORNEY, ROCHESTER (LEAH R. MERVINE OF

COUNSEL), FOR RESPONDENT. 

 

Appeal from a judgment of the Supreme Court, Monroe County

(Francis A. Affronti, J.), rendered October 26, 2010. The judgment

convicted defendant, upon a jury verdict, of murder in the second

degree. 

It is hereby ORDERED that the judgment so appealed from is

unanimously affirmed. 

Memorandum: On appeal from a judgment convicting him upon a jury

verdict of murder in the second degree (Penal Law § 125.25 [1]),

defendant contends that Supreme Court abused its discretion in denying

that part of his omnibus motion seeking funds to retain an

investigator and a ballistics expert pursuant to County Law § 722-c. 

We reject that contention inasmuch as defendant failed to establish

that such services were “necessary to his defense” (People v Clarke,

110 AD3d 1341, 1342, lv denied 22 NY3d 1197; see People v Brown, 67

AD3d 1369, 1370, lv denied 14 NY3d 886; People v Coleman, 45 AD3d 432,

433, lv denied 10 NY3d 763).

Inasmuch as defendant did not object to the charge conference

being held off the record in chambers, his contention that the court

erred in failing to record the charge conference stenographically is

not preserved for our review (see People v Vasquez, 89 NY2d 521, 534,

cert denied 522 US 846; People v Samuels, 291 AD2d 823, 824, lv denied

98 NY2d 655; see generally Judiciary Law § 295). In any event,

“defendant failed to show any prejudice he suffered as a result of

that conference not being transcribed” (People v Richard, 30 AD3d 750,

754, lv denied 7 NY3d 869; see generally People v Harrison, 85 NY2d

794, 796). Moreover, we conclude that any challenge by defendant to

the adequacy of the jury charge is not preserved for our review

because defendant failed to object to the jury charge as given (see

CPL 470.05 [2]; Richard, 30 AD3d at 754-755; see generally People v
-2- 738 

KA 10-02421 

Robinson, 88 NY2d 1001, 1001-1002). To the extent that defendant

asserts an ineffective assistance of counsel claim on the ground that

defense counsel could have sought certain jury charges, that claim

involves matters outside the record on appeal in this case and thus is

properly raised by way of a motion pursuant to CPL article 440 (see

generally People v Rivera, 71 NY2d 705, 709).

We reject defendant’s contention that the evidence is legally

insufficient to support the conviction. “It is well settled that,

even in circumstantial evidence cases, the standard for appellate

review of legal sufficiency issues is whether any valid line of

reasoning and permissible inferences could lead a rational person to

the conclusion reached by the [jury] on the basis of the evidence at

trial, viewed in the light most favorable to the People” (People v

Hines, 97 NY2d 56, 62, rearg denied 97 NY2d 678 [internal quotation

marks omitted]; see generally People v Bleakley, 69 NY2d 490, 495). 

Here, “[t]he fact that no one saw defendant fire the shot that killed

the victim does not render the evidence legally insufficient, inasmuch

as there was ample circumstantial evidence establishing defendant’s

identity as the shooter” (People v Moore [appeal No. 2], 78 AD3d 1658,

1659, lv denied 17 NY3d 798). Viewing the evidence in light of the

elements of the crime as charged to the jury (see People v Danielson,

9 NY3d 342, 349), we reject defendant’s further contention that the

verdict is against the weight of the evidence (see generally Bleakley,

69 NY2d at 495). “Even assuming, arguendo, that a different verdict

would not have been unreasonable, [we note that] ‘the jury was in the

best position to assess the credibility of the witnesses and, on this

record, it cannot be said that the jury failed to give the evidence

the weight it should be accorded’ ” (People v Chelley, 121 AD3d 1505,

1506, lv denied 24 NY3d 1218, reconsideration denied 25 NY3d 1070).

Finally, we conclude that the sentence is not unduly harsh or

severe.

Entered: September 30, 2016 Frances E. Cafarell

Clerk of the Court