112TH CONGRESS 

1ST SESSION S. CON. RES. 25 

CONCURRENT RESOLUTION 

Whereas the United States was a witness to the 2005 Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA), which marked the 

end of more than 2 decades of civil war between North 

and South Sudan that resulted in the deaths of more 

than 2,000,000 people; 

Whereas the CPA provided the framework for the historic 

referendum held between January 9, 2011, and January 

15, 2011, in which the people of South Sudan voted overwhelmingly in favor of independence; 

Whereas the United Nations Mission in Sudan (UNMIS), as 

established by United Nations Security Council Resolution 1590 on March 24, 2005, was instrumental in supporting the implementation of the CPA; 

Whereas the mandate for the United Nations Mission in 

Sudan (UNMIS) expired on July 9, 2011, with the completion of the CPA Interim Period; 

Whereas the mandate for the United Nations Mission in 

South Sudan (UNMISS), as established by United Nations Security Council Resolution 1996 (2011), commenced on July 9, 2011; 

Whereas, on February 7, 2011, the Southern Sudan Referendum Commission announced that the people of South 

Sudan voted in favor of succession by a margin of 98.8 
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percent, and President Bashir, on behalf of the Government of Sudan, accepted the results of the referendum; 

Whereas the African Union, the Arab League, the United 

Nations Secretary-General’s Panel on the Referenda in 

Sudan, Sudanese Network for Democratic Elections 

(SuNDE), Sudanese Group for Democracy and Elections 

(SuGDE), and the Carter Center were among those to 

report that voting in the referendum was credible and 

transparent, allowing the people of South Sudan to freely 

express their desire for independence; 

Whereas several outstanding issues and potential points of 

conflict remain unresolved between the Government of 

Sudan and the Government of South Sudan, including 

the final status of the contested area of Abyei, disputed 

border areas, popular consultations, citizenship rights 

and nationality, division of oil resources and profits, currency, international debt and assets, and other matters; 

Whereas the CPA parties signed an agreement on June 20, 

2011, on temporary administrative and security arrangements for Abyei, including the establishment of a United 

Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei and the redeployment of all military forces of the Government of 

Sudan from the area; 

Whereas fighting in Southern Kordofan over the past month 

has resulted in deaths and injuries to civilians, the displacement of thousands of residents, and restricted access 

for humanitarian workers despite the framework agreement for Blue Nile and Southern Kordofan states signed 

by the Government of Sudan and Sudan People’s Liberation Movement-North on June 28, 2011; 
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Whereas the needs for security, development, and democracybuilding are great throughout Sudan and South Sudan, 

and the United States and the international community 

have invested significant resources in order to provide assistance to the people of both countries; 

Whereas more than 2,000,000 refugees and internally displaced persons from Sudan and South Sudan continue to 

be displaced from their homes; 

Whereas lasting peace and stability for all of Sudan cannot 

be realized until a comprehensive peace in Darfur is secured and an appropriate mechanism for accountability 

and justice is established for those responsible for atrocities and crimes against humanity; 

Whereas the United States has a compelling national interest 

in the security, stability, and development of Sudan and 

South Sudan in order to prevent conflict, humanitarian 

crises, and the establishment of safe havens for terrorists; 

Whereas Sudan was the first country to formally recognize 

the Republic of South Sudan on July 9, 2011; and 

Whereas the United States Government formally recognized 

the Republic of South Sudan as a sovereign and independent state on July 9, 2011: Now, therefore, be it 

1 Resolved by the Senate (the House of Representatives 

2 concurring), That the Senate— 

3 (1) welcomes the independence of the Republic 

4 of South Sudan and recognizes South Sudan as the 

5 newest member of the international community; 

6 (2) congratulates the people of South Sudan for 

7 freely and peacefully expressing their desire for inde-
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1 pendence through an internationally accepted ref2 erendum, and notes the Government of Sudan’s rec3 ognition of the results of the referendum and South 

4 Sudan’s independence; 

5 (3) commends the people and leaders of South 

6 Sudan on their efforts to reach this historic mile7 stone as well as the members of the international 

8 community that assisted them, including the United 

9 States, the European Union and its member states, 

10 Norway, the United Nations, the African Union and 

11 the AU High-Level Implementation Panel, the Arab 

12 League, the Intergovernmental Authority on Devel13 opment, neighboring countries, and others; 

14 (4) calls on the Governments of Sudan and 

15 South Sudan to continue high level engagement to 

16 resolve outstanding matters relating to the final sta17 tus of Abyei, disputed border areas, the completion 

18 of popular consultations, citizenship and nationality, 

19 division of oil resources and profits, currency, inter20 national debt and assets, and other matters in order 

21 to ensure a smooth transition to two states and to 

22 mitigate points of conflict; 

23 (5) calls on all sides to fully implement their 

24 June 20, 2011, agreement on temporary arrange25 ments for the contested Abyei area and swiftly es-
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1 tablish a cessation of hostilities in Southern 

2 Kordofan to facilitate the delivery and resupply of 

3 humanitarian assistance; 

4 (6) welcomes the deployment of up to 4,200 

5 Ethiopian peacekeepers to Abyei and the new United 

6 Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) to pro7 vide security and stability in Sudan; 

8 (7) calls on the Government of Sudan to allow 

9 for continued United Nations peacekeeping oper10 ations in Southern Kordofan and Blue Nile states to 

11 support new security arrangements and the delivery 

12 of humanitarian assistance; 

13 (8) calls on the United States Government and 

14 international community, in coordination with the 

15 Governments of Sudan and South Sudan, to support 

16 peace, rule of law, security, and good governance in 

17 Sudan and South Sudan in order to— 

18 (A) promote security and stability in both 

19 countries, especially in critical areas such as 

20 Darfur, Blue Nile, and Southern Kordofan and 

21 in Abyei; 

22 (B) promote the human and civil rights of 

23 all—including southerners living in Sudan and 

24 northerners living in South Sudan—through 
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1 laws and regulations fully respected by both 

2 governments; 

3 (C) encourage the Government of South 

4 Sudan to engage opposition parties to foster 

5 open political space and vibrant democratic in6 stitutions; 

7 (D) encourage the Government of Sudan 

8 to facilitate the development of multiple polit9 ical parties with freedom of speech and associa10 tion; 

11 (E) provide technical assistance and exper12 tise to the Government of South Sudan; 

13 (F) promote access to humanitarian and 

14 development aid for the people of Sudan and 

15 South Sudan, with a focus on the critical areas 

16 of education, health care, and infrastructure, 

17 and paying particular attention to historically 

18 marginalized areas, including Darfur, Southern 

19 Kordofan and Blue Nile states, and Eastern 

20 Sudan; 

21 (G) encourage the Governments of Sudan 

22 and South Sudan to prevent terrorist groups 

23 from using their territories and to continue to 

24 cooperate with the United States on counterter25 rorism priorities; and 
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1 (H) encourage the Governments of Sudan 

2 and South Sudan to continue to work together 

3 in a productive relationship that recognizes the 

4 mutual need for cooperation and an open flow 

5 of people and goods across borders and to re6 frain from the use of proxy forces to foment 

7 conflict; 

8 (9) urges that the Darfur peace process remain 

9 a priority in United States relations with the Gov10 ernment of Sudan and receives appropriate attention 

11 and resources, including— 

12 (A) continued high level engagement to se13 cure a just and lasting peace in Darfur; 

14 (B) a commitment to ensuring humani15 tarian access to vulnerable populations; and 

16 (C) sustained support for the African 

17 Union-United Nations Mission in Darfur 

18 (UNAMID) and its mandate to protect civilians 

19 and move freely without seeking permission 

20 from the armed forces of the Government of 

21 Sudan; and 
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1 (10) welcomes the anticipated nomination of a 

2 United States ambassador to the Republic of South 

3 Sudan. 

Passed the Senate July 18, 2011. 

Attest: 

Secretary. 

112TH CONGRESS 

1ST SESSION S. CON. RES. 25 

CONCURRENT RESOLUTION 

Welcoming the independence of the Republic of 

tus of Abyei. resolve outstanding issues including the final stapeople of Sudan and South Sudan to peacefully erendum, and calling on the Governments and will through an internationally accepted refSudan for freely and peacefully expressing their South Sudan, congratulating the people of South