# Patent

## Title
Practice golf club and target apparatus

## Abstract

A golf practicing apparatus is provided which includes a club with a latch member. A target is provided which is held by a mount. When the golf club is swung in a predetermined manner, the target is released from the mount and is connected with the golf club. When the golf club is swung in an improper manner the target pivots downward and is retained by the mount.

## Background
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application entitled GOLF CLUB HOOK AND BASE TARGET SUPPORT APPARATUS, filed Jan. 25, 2003, under U.S. Express Mail Label # EU 762494000 US.


FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The field of the present invention is apparatuses for practicing golf and, more particularly, the present invention relates to an apparatus utilized to reinforce the fundamentals of the swing of a wood or iron golf club.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
To develop a consistent golf swing many fundamentals must be learned some of which include the following. The golf club must be swung along a correct swing plane that is an imaginary circular path that is parallel to the target line. The target line is a line from the golf ball to the flag or desired target point. The golf club must strike the ball with the leading edge of the clubface perpendicular to, or at a ninety-degree angle to the target line. Accordingly, it is desirable to provide an apparatus that reinforces the aforementioned fundamentals by which a golfer can use to practice developing a consistent golf swing. Additionally, during inclement weather or seasonal weather conditions, it is desirable to provide an apparatus with which one can practice golf swing fundamentals year round in an indoor setting.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides an apparatus for use to develop a consistent fundamentally correct swing of golf clubs particularly irons and woods. In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a latch member, which is connected with the golf club. A target is held within a mount mechanism positioned on a platform or the floor. A fundamentally correct golf swing is predetermined to be correctly executed when a golf club is swung on the correct swing plane (that is along a circular path having a diameter that is parallel to a target line), and the center of the golf club head face just above the leading edge of the golf club head is square to the target line at the point of impact with a golf ball. If the aforementioned conditions are met, a latch member will pull a target away from a mount and the target will be retained on the club. The recoil of the golf club at the instant the target is released will alert the golfer that the club was swung properly. If the club is swung improperly, the latch member hits the target and the target will simply pivot downward while being retained by the target-mount mechanism.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is an exploded view of the lower portion of a golf club, notably an iron, showing the latch member and the mechanism allowing for an adjustment and attachment of said latch member on said golf club.
FIG. 1A is a perspective view of an alternate preferred embodiment latch member to that shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 2 is a view of the golf club shown in FIG. 1 with the latch member being properly adjusted upon the golf club.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of FIG. 2 illustrating the golf club and the attached latch member.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the golf ball hitting simulation apparatus of the present invention utilized with a driver.
FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the mount and target of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a partial perspective view of the mount illustrating the target installed in its upright position.
FIG. 7 is a view similar to FIG. 6 illustrating the target in its forward downward pivoted position which is assumed when the target has been hit in a non predetermined manner.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view similar to that of FIG. 7 of an alternate preferred embodiment of the present invention which has a membrane bumper to provide dampening when the target has been pivoted forward.
FIGS. 9 and 10 are partial side elevation views of the mount and target shown in positions corresponding to FIGS. 6 and 7 respectively.
FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the golf club of the present invention having the target connected with the latch member.
FIGS. 12, 13 and 14 are perspective views partially sectioned illustrating installation of the target to a pivot arm of the present invention.
FIGS. 15, 16 and 17 are operational views illustrating the connection of the target with the latch member when the golf club of the present invention is swung in a predetermined manner.
FIG. 18 is an exploded view of a portion of a platform of the present invention to which the mount is connected.
FIG. 19 is a perspective view of a swing platform utilized with the golf club of the present invention.
FIG. 20 is a perspective view of an alternate preferred embodiment base component of the mount of the present invention.
FIG. 20A is a partial perspective view of the mount base component illustrating target-bearing surfaces.
FIGS. 21 and 22 are right and left side perspective views of the present invention illustrating the relative location of holes in the base component of the target-mount mechanism for receiving and supporting the spring wire.
FIGS. 23 and 24 are front and rear perspective views illustrating the clamp plate and the friction pad of the present invention.
FIGS. 25 and 26 show a perspective and cross sectional view illustrating the cam member of the cam-locking mechanism of the present invention.
FIGS. 27 and 28 are right and left side perspective views illustrating the cam-locking mechanism unlocked and locked positions.
FIGS. 29 and 29A are perspective views of the target of the present invention illustrating the variation in aperture sizes and the use of metal tape adhesive.
FIGS. 30 and 30A are views of the target shown in FIG. 29 illustrating areas that are recipient of impact forces and shaded areas that counteract with impact forces.
FIG. 31 is a perspective view of the target-mount mechanism of the present invention partially sectioned illustrating positioning of the target, the friction pad, the clamp plate and the pivot shaft.
FIG. 32 is a perspective view illustrating the target-mount mechanism with an installed target in an upright position.
FIG. 33 is a perspective view similar to FIG. 32 illustrating the target and target-mount mechanism in a forward downward pivoted position that is assumed after the target has been struck when a golf club is swung on an incorrect path off line of the target line.
FIG. 34 is an exploded view of the present invention diagramming the assembly of the target-mount mechanism.
FIG. 35 is a perspective view of the base component of the target-mount mechanism diagramming the assembly of the cam-locking mechanism that includes the spring wire and cam member of the present invention.
FIGS. 36 and 37 are top perspective views of the target-mount mechanism of the present invention illustrating the configuration and shape of the spring wire when the cam-locking mechanism is in an unlocked and locked position.
FIGS. 38, 39 and 40 are operational views illustrating the connection of the latch member with the target when the golf club of the present invention is swung on the correct path along the target line.
FIG. 41 is an exploded view of a portion of a swing platform of the present invention to which the target-mount mechanism is connected.
FIG. 42 is a perspective view of a swing platform utilized with the golf club of the present invention.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Referring to FIGS. 1-3, the present inventive golf ball hitting simulation apparatus 7 includes a golf club 10 having a shaft 12. An extreme lower end 50 of the shaft, sometimes referred to as the hosel or neck, has clamped thereto clamping members 14 and 16. The clamping member 16 has a vertical bore 18 through a top and bottom side. The clamping member 16 has a slot 20 that is parallel with a front side 21. The bore 18 is perpendicular with and located midway between bores 23. The clamping member 14 has a pair of bores 22 with centers coaxial with the centers of bores 23. Typically the bores 22 of the clamping member 14 will be threaded to receive threaded fasteners provided by set screws 24. Bores 23 of clamping member 16 typically will not be threaded. Clamping members 16 and 14 have a semi-bore 33 and 31 of which the centerline is midway between bores 23 and 22 and coincides with a line extending from an edge 19 and 25 of the clamping members. The hosel 50 of the golf club is captured by the semi-bores 23 and 31 as the clamping member 16, 14 are adjustably connected with screws 24.
Positioned within the bore 18 is a latch member provided by a hook shaft 28. The hook shaft 28 has an elongated portion 30, an angled portion 32 and a forward projecting portion 34. The angle portion 32 and forward projecting portion 34 are perpendicular to one another. The forward projecting portion has connected thereon a polymeric (typically plastic) sleeve 36. Connected within the sleeve 36 is an elastomeric impact head 38. The bore 18 and slot 20 allow the hook shaft 28 to be connected to clamping member 14 and the club 10 by tightening the set screws 24. Additionally, the set screws 24 can be loosened so that the hook shaft 28 can be adjusted up and down through the bore 18 or be twisted within the bore 18 as adjustments about a face 42 of a golf club head 44 are required.
The impact head 38 projects forward along a line 40 that is coincident with the projecting portion 34 (FIG. 2). With respect to the golf club leading edge, placed at a ninety-degree angle to the target line, the hook shaft 28 is properly positioned upon the face 42 of the golf club head 44 when the portion 32 of the shaft is contacting the club face 42 and the line 40 is parallel with the target line (ground or floor). In other words the portion 32 should be parallel with while the projecting portion 34 should be perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the club face 42. Additionally, the projecting portion 34 should form an angle with a transverse axis of the club face 42 equal to its loft angle (the angle between line 41 and a line 48) plus ninety degrees (the fixed angle between line 41 and line 40).
The clamping members 14, 16 and hook shaft 28 can be placed on golf clubs having different loft angles. Because considering line 41 a datum, line 40 is fixed ninety degrees clockwise with respect to line 41 while the loft angle varies counter clockwise relative to line 41. Therefore, the latch member can be adjusted for use on a club having a different loft angle by rotation of the hook shaft 28 within the bore 18, by sliding the hook shaft 28 up or down within the bore 18 or by positioning the clamping members 14 and 16 about the hosel 50 of the golf club.
Referring to FIGS. 1A and 4, with similar items being given like reference numerals, a hook shaft 29 is shown connected to a wood golf club head 52. The hook shaft 29 has a straight upper portion 26, which is joined to the elongated portion 30 at an angled bend 27. The wood club head 52 has a face 54, which is offset forward from the club shaft 11. The upper portion 26 and the angled bend 27 allow the hook shaft 29 to be adjusted to accommodate the offset of the club face 54. Again, the clamping member 14 allows the hook shaft 29 to be adjusted into the proper position such that the forward projecting portion 34 of the hook shaft is oriented perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the face 54 and projects along a line parallel with the target line. An impact head 56 is impregnated with a marking material, such as ink, or is made of a marking material so that the impact head 56 will leave a mark on a target upon contact. The mark will alert the practitioner of their swing path relative to the target line indicating the golf club was swung on an incorrect swing plane or was swung in a non-predetermined manner.
Referring additionally to FIG. 5, the golf ball hitting simulation apparatus 7 of the present invention additionally includes a target 62. The target 62 is a planar member which is typically fabricated from a nylon, plastic or other suitable materials. The target has a first aperture 64 for receipt of forward projecting portion 34 of the hook shaft when the golf club 10 is swung in the predetermined proper manner. The target 62 has two lower holding apertures 60. The aperture 64 of the target can be enlarged to a diameter 66 for a beginner golfer and can be reduced for a more skilled practitioner. The target 62 also has a reinforcement portion 68 to discourage the propagation of cracks. As shown, the target has a main body portion 70 which is approximately 2.5 mm in thickness. However, the target can be made thicker or thinner as deemed appropriate.
Referring additionally to FIGS. 6, 7 and 9-19, to position the target 62 for striking by the golf club there is provided a mount 72. The mount 72 has a pivot arm 74. The pivot aim 74 includes a front plate 76 and a rear plate 78. Mount 72 is also provided with a base 80. The front plate 76 has two oppositely extending pins or side arms 82. The side arms 82 are pivotally captured within bearing apertures 84 provided in the base side wall 86. The side arms 82 have generally rounded top and bottom sides 88. The front plate 76 has two generally vertical slots 90 which intersect a lower end of the front plate.
The rear plate 78 has two bores 92. The bores 92 accept the shanks of set screws 94. The set screws 94 pass through the bores 92 and then penetrate into bores 96 of the front plate 76. Typically, the bores 96 will be threaded or a threaded nut (not shown) will connect with the set screws 94 to allow for the connection of the front plate 76 with the rear plate 78. The rear plate 78 has a forward abutting face 98 which abuts against the front plate 76. The rear plate is also provided with a longitudinal slot 100. The slot 100 provides a gap between the portion of the rear plate 78 and front plate 76 for receipt of the target 62. The rear plate 78 also has two parallel spaced generally transverse spring slots 102. Intersecting the spring slots 102 is a hole or bore 104. The bore 104 receives a pin 106. The pin 106 passes through openings 108 of springs 110, 112 to mount the springs 110, 112 within the spring slots 102. Springs 110, 112 are coil springs. The spring 110 has a lower leg 114 which is inboard of its upper leg 116. The spring 112 has a lower leg 117 which is inboard of its upper leg 118. Both upper legs 116, 118 have an elbow 120.
The side walls 86 are generally joined with a floor plate 122. The floor plate 122 is joined by a bolt 124 and nut 126 combination to a lower portion 128 of a swing platform 130. The floor plate 122 can be two separate members or can be stamped with a single piece of metal 139 (FIG. 18) having a portion joining the two floor plates together.
Referring in particular to FIGS. 12-14, for clarity of illustration the pivot arm 74 is shown assembled together with one side of the rear plate 78 being sectioned about the spring slot 102. In a similar manner, the front plate 76 is shown sectioned about slot 90. The target has its lower end aligned with the target slot 100 as best shown in FIG. 13. A bottom end on target 62 is brought under the elbows 120 of the springs 110, 112. The target is pivoted (FIG. 12) to a more vertically upward aligned position causing the elbows 120 of the springs to ride up on a rear surface 134 of the target. As the target is further pushed down into slot 100 the elbows will finally come to a point wherein they will enter into the holding aperture 60 of the target. The target 62 now has snap-fit engagement with the springs 110, 112 to provide for latched retention. The target 62 will have further engagement with the springs 110, 112 by virtue of engagement with the lower legs 114, 117. The engagement of the target with the lower legs 114, 117 causes the springs 110, 112 to be torsionally loaded about their coiled portion. Therefore, the target 62 is also compliantly retained.
The target 62 is now connected with the mount. Referring to FIGS. 6, 7, 9 and 10, a partial view of a target and mount 72 is shown. The target in the striking position, is inclined slightly forward by angle 140 from the vertical. Angle 140 will typically be in the range of 20-0 degrees and preferably will be approximately 10 degrees. The pivot arm 76 and the target 62 have a center of gravity 142 which is slightly over center to a vertical line 144. The pivot arm as mentioned previously pivots about the side arms 82. A stop pin 150 which projects from one of the side walls 86 prevents the pivot arm from pivoting rearwardly.
A fundamentally correct golf swing is predetermined to be correctly executed when a golf club is swung on the correct swing plane (that is along a circular path having a diameter that is parallel to a target line and the center of the club head face just above the leading edge of said club head is square to the target line at the point of impact with a golf ball. Referring additionally in particular to FIGS. 11, 15, 16 and 17, when the golf ball hitting simulation apparatus 7 of the present invention is used by a practitioner who swings the golf club in the predetermined manner, the impact head 38 will enter into the aperture 64. As the sleeve 36 of the hook shaft 28 passes through the aperture 64, the upper part of the aperture will then be captured onto the forward projecting portion 34 of the hook shaft. The continuing upward swing best shown in FIG. 12 will pull the target 62 upward causing the spring elbows 120 to be pulled out of the retention apertures 60, to thereby release the target 62 from the mount. The target 62 will now be connected with the hook shaft 28 and the practitioner will have visual confirmation that his/her swing was proper.
If the practitioner has swung the golf club in a non-predetermined manner, the impact head will not enter the aperture 54 but instead will hit the target in which case, the pivot arm 74 will retain the target 62 and will pivot downward. To minimize a rebound or bounce back of the pivot arm, there is provided polymeric, preferably elastomeric, dampening pads 154 that are press fitted into circular holes (not shown) provided in the floor plates 122. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, a sheet 156 of polymeric or elastomeric material is supplied to provide the dampening function to minimize rebound of the target 62 and the pivot arm 74. The practitioner thereafter takes the target and pivot arm (FIG. 7) and pivots them to an upright position as shown in FIG. 6.
Referring to FIGS. 18 and 19, the swing platform 130 may optionally have cross lines 160, 162 to provide a practitioner with general alignment aids for positioning their feet relative to the target and the lower portion 128 can be covered with a turf appearance type carpeting cover 164. A top surface of the platform 166 will be slightly higher than an uppermost point of the pivot arm when said pivot arm is in an upright position and said platform top surface is measured relative to a pivotal axis of pivot arm 74.
Referring to FIGS. 20, 20A, and 21 through 29, an alternate preferred embodiment 207 of the present invention is provided. A formed base component 270 has a side face 272 and a side face 274 both of which bends rearward ninety degree to form corners with a front face 276. The front face 276 has a ninety-degree lengthwise top corner 280 from which an upper margin 278 projects rearward. The base component 270 has a horizontal bottom 282 that forms a ninety-degree lengthwise bottom corner 284 with the front face 276. The bottom 282 extends rearward a short distance before bending upward forming a ninety-degree angle with a lower rear face 286. The rear face 286 extends upward a short distance before bending rearward forming a ninety-degree corner from which a lower margin 288 extends rearward. The bottom 282 of the base component 270 is captured between side faces, 272 and 274.
Referring to FIGS. 20 and 21, a channel member 285 having a bracket-shaped cross-section connect with a top edge 275 of side faces, 272 and 274. A side 294 of the channel member 285 extends upwards a short distance and is coplanar with the lower rear face 286 of the base component. In the present invention the base component 270 is formed out of 16-gage (0.062 inch thick) sheet metal. The side faces 272 and 274 each have a plurality of circular holes. A first pair of cylindrical holes 271 has coaxial centers, one on each side face located near the bottom corner 284. A second pair of cylindrical holes 273 has coaxial centers; one on each side face located near rear edges 277 and approximately one-third from the edge 275.
Referring to FIGS. 21 and 22, projecting tabs 279 and 281 are located lateral of holes 273 of side faces 272 and 274, respectively. Each tab projects perpendicularly outward before turning vertically upward. A right perspective view of the base component (FIG. 21) shows the height of projecting tab 281 is sufficient to block off access to hole 273 of side face 274. A left perspective view (FIG. 22) shows the projecting tab 279 to be similar to projecting tab 281 with the exception of a circular hole 283. The hole 283 and hole 273 of side face 272 have centers that are eccentric when projected along a common vertical axis (as referenced by dimension E1 in FIG. 22). Additionally, the projection of hole 283 and hole 273 onto said common vertical axis show that their vertices coincide at a point 297 (FIG. 22). The diameter of hole 283 is typically smaller than the diameter of holes 273.
Referring to FIGS. 23 and 24, a removable clamp plate 320 has a height 324 slightly less than the vertical dimension between the bottom side of the channel member 285 and the lower margin 288. A length 326 of the clamp plate is slightly less than the inside dimension between the side faces 272 and 274. The clamp plate 320 has a front face 327 that has a lengthwise beveled top edge 328. The clamp plate has a vertical slot 322 located at the midsection of a rear face 325 and perpendicular to its longitudinal axis. The depth of the slot is determined such that the rigidity of the clamp plate is not compromised. In the present invention the slot 322 has parallel sides 321 spaced 12.7 mm apart and a bottom 323 having a depth of about 3.8 mm, or half the 7.6 mm plate thickness. The height and length 324, 326 dimensions allow the clamp plate to float within an opening defined by the channel member 285, side faces 372 and 374, and the lower margin 288. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention the clamp plate is made of a polymeric material.
FIGS. 23 and 24 also depict a friction pad 310 having a length 312 slightly less than the inside dimension between the side faces. A height 314 of the friction pad, measured from a lengthwise step 315, is slightly less than a dimension measured relative to a bottom side 293 of the margin 278 and the upper vertex of hole 271 (FIG. 25). The width of step 315 is determined from the inside edge of corner 280 to an outer edge 279 of the margin 278. The step 315 has a vertical height 317 equal to or greater than the thickness of edge 279. The friction pad 310 has a front face 319 that has a lengthwise beveled top edge 313.
A cam member 330, shown in FIG. 25, has a bore 332 that intersects with side faces 334. The centerline of the bore 332 is perpendicular with the sides 334 of the cam member. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention the cam member 330 is made of a polymeric material having a thickness of 12.7 mm as measured along the centerline of bore 332. A steel sleeve-bushing 340 having square ends 343 is pressed tightly into bore 332 of the cam member with said square ends abutted with sides 334.
Referring to FIGS. 26-28, the cam member 330 has a profile comprised of a first flank 333 and a second flank 331 both of which are eccentric with respect to each other and about their axis of rotation or the centerline of bore 332. The first flank 333 and the second flank 331 measure a distance D1 and D2, respectively, from the centerline of bore 332. The first and second flanks meet at a ninety-degree corner 335 that is rounded with a generous radius to provide a smooth transition from one flank to the other during use. A lever 337 makes a forty five-degree angle with the first flank 333.
Referring to FIGS. 24 and 25, the golf ball hitting simulation apparatus 207 of the present invention additionally includes a target 350. The target 350 is a planar member that is typically fabricated from nylon, plastic or other suitable materials. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention the target is made of a polymeric material approximately 2.5 mm thick. The target 350 has a width 352 slightly narrower than the inside dimension between the side faces 272 and 274, of the base component 270. A length 354 of the target is determined by the location of a lower aperture 356 relative to the top surface of a swing platform 460. The lower aperture 356 is provided to receive the forward projecting portion 34 of the hook shaft 28 when the golf club 10 is swung on the correct swing path along the target line or in the predetermined manner. The lower aperture 356 connects with an upper aperture 358. The width of the upper aperture 358 equals the diameter of the forward projecting portion 34 of the hook shaft 28, which is smaller than the outer diameter of sleeve 36. Hence, after the sleeve passes through the lower aperture 356 projecting portion 34 of the hook shaft engages the upper aperture 302 hooking the target and a sleeve rear face 35 retains the target connected with the hook shaft. The lower aperture can be enlarged to 357 for a beginner golfer and can be reduced to 355 for a more skilled golfer as depicted in FIG. 29. The target 350 has a reinforcement portion 359 to prevent tears at the vertex of the upper aperture 358. A thin metal adhesive tape 351 is adhered to a lower portion of the target front and rear surfaces (FIG. 29).
Referring additionally to FIGS. 31-35, and more specifically to FIG. 34, a component assembly diagram of the mount 400 is illustrated. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention the friction pad rear face 118 is adhered to the inside of face 276 of the base component 270 using a double-sided adhesive tape 108. The face 276 functions as a stationery plate separated by a slot from relatively moveable clamp plate 320. The bottom side 293 and the edge 279 of the upper margin 278 fits within step 315 of the friction pad 110. The step height 117 extends beyond the edge 279 of the margin 278 to protect the target material against wear. The friction pad bottom face 311 is tangent to the upper vertices of holes 271, of side faces 272 and 274. The beveled edge 313 of the friction pad 310 is opposite the beveled edge 328 of the clamp plate 320. The clamp plate 320 fits loosely floating within the opening defined by channel member 285, side faces 272 and 274, and the lower margin 288. The clamp plate slot 322 captures the cam member sides 334 and centers the cam member 330 at the mid span of a spring wire 375.
Referring additionally to FIGS. 25, 26 and 35, the spring wire 375 is assembled into the base component 270 of the target-mount mechanism 400 to make a cam-locking mechanism. The spring wire has a diameter that is slightly smaller than the diameter of hole 283, both of which are smaller than holes 273 of side faces 272 and 274. The spring wire is generally straight having a length 377 that is slightly less than the perpendicular dimension between the projecting tabs 279 and 281 inside surfaces. An arbitrary end of the spring wire 375 is first inserted through hole 283 of projecting tab 279, through hole 273 of side face 272, through the steel sleeve 343 of the cam member 330 and finally through hole 273 of side face 274 before stopping against projecting tab 281. Subsequently the spring wire 375 drops a short distance D6 (FIG. 25) and is supported at its extreme ends by the lower vertices of holes 273 while being constrained from moving laterally by the inner surfaces of projecting tabs 279 and 281.
Because the clamp plate slot 322 captures the cam member sides 334, the cam-locking mechanism is constrained form lateral movement along the spring wire 375 in both its locked and unlocked position. When the cam-locking mechanism is in an unlock position the second flank 331 of the cam member is parallel to the slot bottom 323 as shown in FIG. 27. In the unlock position, a gap width W1 and a clearance D5 exist between the second flank 331 of the cam member and the slot bottom 323. The gap width W1 is at least equal to the thickness of the target 350. The clearance D5 allows the clamp plate 320 to move rearward to facilitate insertion of targets having various thicknesses between the clamp plate 320 and friction pad 310 with minimal effort. A thicker target causes the retention force to be increased for more skilled practitioners. The bevel edges 328 and 313 of the clamp plate and friction pad helps a user to engage the bottom edge 353 of the target into the gap W1.
Referring to FIG. 12 and in particular to FIG. 31, for clarity of illustration one side of the mount, together with the target, is sectioned about the cam-locking mechanism centerline (shown in the unlocked position). A target is inserted into the mount 400 until the bottom edge 353 of said target contacts the bottom 82 of the base component 270. The lever 337 makes it easy for the cam member to displace the spring wire 375. As the cam member 330 of the cam-locking mechanism is rotated towards a locked position, the cam nose 335 first contacts the slot bottom 323 and starts to displace the spring wire 375 rearward (away from the target). Subsequently, the cam nose continues to displace the spring wire (a distance D3) until the flank 333 of the cam profile snaps firmly against the clamp plate slot bottom 323. The reaction force of the spring wire 375, caused by the displacement D3, is applied to a target area 368. The distance D3 is predetermined and equals the difference between D2 and D1 whereby D2 is approximately equal to or may vary as a function of the gap width W1 (refer to FIGS. 27 and 28).
The mount 400 receives a round pivot shaft 405 through side holes 271. The shaft 405 extreme ends are received by a circular hole 419 in a left hand support bracket 420 and a circular hole 431 in a right hand support bracket 430. The target-mount mechanism 400 is located mid span of the pivot shaft 405 between the left and right hand support brackets. The target-mount mechanism 400 is free to rotate about the pivot shaft from a vertical to a horizontal position (refer to FIGS. 32 and 33).
Referring to FIGS. 29, 30, 32 and 33, when the golf ball hitting simulation apparatus 207 of the present invention is used, the target 250 is clamped within the target-mount mechanism. The target width 252 is perpendicular to the target line and the target line goes through the center of the lower part of the aperture 256. The target has an impact area 362 and 361 of which the lower and upper apertures 356, 358 are centrally located (FIGS. 29 and 30). The impact area 362 is bounded by an upper edge of shaded area 364 and the top and side edges of the target 350. The impact area 361 is bounded by an upper edge of shaded area 368 and the top and side edges of the target 350. When a golf club is swung along an incorrect swing path off of the predetermined target line the impact head 38 of the hook shaft 328 strikes the area 362 of the target 350 after which the target-mount mechanism 400 will retain the target 350 while pivoting downward about the pivot shaft 405 until the target area 361 impacts with a pad 440 (FIG. 33). To minimize rebound or bounce back of the target-mount mechanism 400 and target 450, the pad 440 (preferably an elastomeric dampening sheet) is attached to the left and right hand support brackets 420 and 430, respectively.
Referring additionally to FIG. 30, the accelerating force of the impact head 38 against the target area 362 reacts with a shaded area 366 of the target, which is absorbed by the bottom rear face 286 of the base component 270 of the target-mount mechanism while another area 368, also shown shaded, of the target reacts against the friction pad 310. The decelerating force resulting from target area 361 impacting the pad 440 reacts against the shaded area 364 of the target, which is absorbed by the vertical side 294 of the channel member 285 of the base component 270. The surfaces 294 and 286 of the base component protect the spring wire 375 form large impact forces received by target areas 361, 362 hence preventing the spring wire from plastic deformation.
FIG. 36 depicts a straight spring wire, which is typical when the cam member 330 of the cam-locking mechanism is in an unlocked position. FIG. 37 depicts a curved spring wire, the shape of which is determined by spring displacement D3, and is typical when the cam member 330 of the cam-locking mechanism is in a locked position. A plastically deformed spring wire cannot be displaced D3 since it is permanently curved along its length. The deformed spring wire can only be displace an amount less than D3 and therefore will not generate enough force required to keep the target retained in the target-mount mechanism causing the cam-locking mechanism to fail its intended function.
A primary function the cam-locking mechanism is to hold and prevent the target 350 from dislodging when the target area 362 is struck by the impact head 38 of the hook shaft 28 or after the target area 361 strikes the pad 240 (FIG. 33). This allows a practitioner to return the target-mount mechanism and target to an upright position (FIG. 32) without having to reset the target each time after impact. If however, the target 350 moves slightly and requires minor adjustment in the target-mount mechanism 400 this can be easily accomplished due to the quick release cam design feature of the cam-locking mechanism. The static coefficient of friction between the target 350 and the friction pad 310 in the presence of a normal force firmly holds the target 150 in the target-mount mechanism 200. Conversely, a normal force or clamping force too great will hold the target too firmly causing it to tear as the hook shaft 28 projecting portion 34 is swung through the upper aperture 358 of the target.
Referring additionally to FIGS. 34-38, when the golf ball hitting simulation apparatus of the present invention is used by a practitioner who swings the golf club in the predetermined manner; that is, on the correct swing path along the target line and square to the target (or square to the ball at impact) the impact head 38 will enter into the lower aperture 356. As the rear face 35 of the sleeve 36 of the hook shaft 28 passes through the lower aperture 156, the apex of the upper aperture 158 will then be engaged onto the forward projecting portion 34 of the hook shaft 28 (FIG. 38). The target 350 will now be captured behind the rear face 35 of the sleeve 36. A continuing forward swing as depicted in FIG. 41 instantaneously snatches the target from the target-mount mechanism during which the practitioner will feel recoil followed by visual confirmation that the swing was proper, as the target will remain connected with the hook shaft 28 until the practitioner removes it.
Since friction holds the target firmly in place and the magnitude of the relative velocity between the target and friction pad is high as the target is instantaneously removed from the target-mount mechanism, some heat is dissipated. The dissipating heat can melt the target, which is made of a plastic material in the embodiment of the present invention, leaving behind an extremely thin layer of a plastic film on the friction pad 310. This film of target material significantly reduces the static and dynamic coefficient of friction characteristic of the friction pad and subsequent impact forces against the target will easily expelled the target from the target-mount mechanism. To prevent the target material used in embodiment of the present invention from melting a thin sheet of metal adhesive tape 351 is adhered to the lower portion of both sides of the target with its top edge aligned with the top edge of the shaded target area 368 (FIG. 39). In an alternate preferred embodiment of the present invention the target can be made from a polymeric material having a higher melting point to withstand melting during frictional heat dissipation.
Referring to FIGS. 41 and 42, the swing platform 460 may optionally have crossing lines 462 and 464 to provide practitioners with general alignment references for positioning themselves relative to the target. A lower portion 461 having a plurality of bores 463 can be covered with a turf appearance type carpeting cover 468. The left hand support bracket 420 and right hand support bracket 430 each have a pair of circular holes 427 and 437, respectively. The target-mount mechanism 400 with the left hand and the right hand support brackets connected with the pivot shaft 405 is connected with the swing platform with threaded fasteners 470 and threaded nuts 471. To prevent the target mount mechanism 400 from being impacted by the impact head 38 a top surface 466 of the wing platform 460 will be higher than an uppermost surface of the target-mount mechanism 400 when the left hand and right hand support brackets 420, 430 are mounted to the bottom surface of the platform. When the target is properly installed in the target-mount mechanism the bottom vertex of the lower aperture 356 of the target will be sufficiently higher than the top surface 466 or covering 468 of the swing platform 460 in order to receive the projecting portion 34 of the hook shaft 28.
The present invention has been shown in various embodiments. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art of the various modifications which can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention as it is encompassed by the following claims.

## Claims

1. An apparatus to simulate a proper hitting of a golf ball by a golf club, said apparatus comprising:
a golf club including a shaft and a head with a latch member; 
a target for connection with said latch member; and 
a mount holding said target wherein when said golf club is swung in a predetermined manner, said target is released from said mount and connected with said latch member and wherein when said golf club is swung in a non predetermined manner, said golf club contacts said target to cause said target to pivot downward while being retained by said mount.

2. An apparatus as described in claim 1 wherein said latch member is removable from said golf club.

3. An apparatus as described in claim 1 wherein said predetermined manner of swing of said golf club includes said golf club being swung in a swing plane parallel with a target line of a golf ball.

4. An apparatus as described in claim 1 wherein said predetermined manner of swing of said golf club includes said golf club being swung in a manner to place a head face of said golf club square with a tangent line of a golf ball at a point of contact with a golf ball.

5. An apparatus as described in claim 1 wherein said latch member is hook shaped.

6. An apparatus as described in claim 1 wherein said latch member has a marker for showing where contact is made with said target.

7. An apparatus as described in claim 1 wherein said target is a planer member.

8. An apparatus as described in claim 7 wherein said target is held at an incline away from a direction of swing of said golf club.

9. An apparatus as described in claim 7 wherein said target is a polymeric member with a metal sheet placed thereon.

10. An apparatus as described in claim 9 wherein said target may have different aperture sizes to determine various levels of expertise required in the manner of swing of said golf club for said latch member to connect with said target.

11. An apparatus as described in claim 7 wherein said planer member has an aperture for receipt of a latch member therein.

12. An apparatus as described in claim 7 wherein said target has a reinforcement portion.

13. An apparatus as described in claim 1 said target is compliantly retained on said mount.

14. An apparatus as described in claim 1 wherein said target has latch retention with said mount.

15. An apparatus as described in claim 1 wherein said target has frictional retention with said mount.

16. An apparatus as described in claim 1 wherein said mount has a practice surface adjacent thereto.

17. An apparatus as described in claim 16 wherein said mount is positioned at a lower level than said practice surface.

18. An apparatus as described in claim 1 wherein said mount has two plates providing a slot there between, said target being retained between said plates.

19. An apparatus as described in claim 18 wherein one of said plates can move with respect to said other plate.

20. An apparatus as described in claim 19 wherein said plates can be cam loaded with respect to one another.

21. An apparatus as described in claim 19 wherein said mount can retain targets of various thickness.

22. An apparatus as described in claim 1 wherein said latch member is adjustably connected on said club.

23. An apparatus as described in claim 1 wherein said mount has a base portion and a pivot body portion and said pivot body portion with said target has a center of gravity that is on a side of a vertical line intersecting a pivotal axis with respect to said base and said pivot body portion with said base portion toward a direction opposite of a swing direction of said golf club.

24. An apparatus as described in claim 1 wherein said mount has a damper to restrain said target from returning towards a position wherein said target was placed before contact of said target with said golf club.

25. An apparatus to simulate a proper hitting of a golf ball by a golf club, said apparatus comprising:
a golf club having a shaft with a head connected on an extreme end thereof, said golf club further including a hook shaped latch member connected adjacent to said golf club head; and 
a target having an aperture for receipt of said latch member, said target being held in a position to be struck by said golf club on a pivotal mount wherein said latch member and said target connect with each other when said golf club is swung in a predetermined manner and wherein said target is pivoted downward while being retained by said mount if said golf club is not swung in said predetermined manner.

26. An apparatus to simulate a proper hitting of a golf ball by a golf club, said apparatus comprising:
a golf club having a shaft with a head connected on an extreme end thereof, said golf club further including a hook shaped latch member connected adjacent to said golf club head; and 
a planer member target having an aperture for receipt of said latch member; and 
a mount frictionally restraining said target between two plates having relative movement there between and wherein when said golf club is swung in a predetermined manner, said target is connected with said latch member and wherein when said golf club is swung in non-predetermined manner, said golf club contacts said target to cause said target to pivot downward while being retained by said mount.

27. An apparatus to simulate a proper hitting of a golf ball by a golf club with a latch member, said apparatus comprising:
a target having a first aperture for receipt of said latch member; and 
a mount having a pivot body with a predetermined pivotal oath with a base portion, said pivot body holding said target in a position to be struck by said golf club, and wherein an upward pull on said target caused by said latch member entering in said target aperture when said golf club is swung in a predetermined manner causes said target to release from said mount and connect with said golf club and, wherein when said golf club is swung in an improper manner causes said target to pivot downward upon a predetermined pivotal path while being retained by said mount.

28. An apparatus as described in claim 27 wherein said base portion has a pin and bearing pivotal connection with said pivot body.

29. An apparatus to simulate a proper hitting of a golf ball by a golf club, said apparatus comprising:
a golf club including a shaft and a head with a latch member, 
a target for connection with said latch member; and 
a mount holding said target, said mount having two surfaces providing a slot therebetween, one of said surfaces being able to move with respect to said other surface, said target being retained between said surfaces, wherein when said golf club is swung in a predetermined manner, said target is connected with said latch member and wherein when said golf club is swung in a non predetermined manner, said golf club contacts said target to cause said target to pivot downward while being retained by said mount.

30. An apparatus to simulate a proper hitting of a golf ball by a golf club as described in claim 29, wherein said first and second surfaces are plates.