I | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION

2017 

FDIC National Survey of 

Unbanked and Underbanked 

Households 

Appendix Tables 

ECONOMICINCLUSION.GOV 

2017 

FDIC National Survey of 

Unbanked and Underbanked 

Households 

OCTOBER 2018 

Members of the FDIC Unbanked/ 

Underbanked Survey Study Group 

Gerald Apaam 

Susan Burhouse 

Karyen Chu 

Keith Ernst 

Kathryn Fritzdixon 

Ryan Goodstein 

Alicia Lloro 

Charles Opoku 

Yazmin Osaki 

Dhruv Sharma 

Jeffrey Weinstein 

FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION 

Division of Depositor and Consumer Protection 

ECONOMICINCLUSION.GOV 

Appendix Table of Contents 

A. Banking Status of U.S. Households ..........................................................................................................................................1 

B. Banked Households: Types of Accounts, Methods Used to Access Accounts, and Bank Branch Visits...............................33 

C. Prepaid Cards ..........................................................................................................................................................................69 

D. Alternative Financial Services ..................................................................................................................................................81 

E. Saving for Unexpected Expenses or Emergencies................................................................................................................ 102 

F. Credit .....................................................................................................................................................................................110 

G. How Households Conduct Their Financial Transactions in a Typical Month.........................................................................134 

H. Measuring Economic Inclusion..............................................................................................................................................145 

V

 

 

 

 

 

 

List of Appendix Tables 

A. Banking Status of U.S. Households 

A.1 Banking Status by Household Characteristics, 2017...............................................................................................................1 

A.2 Distribution of Households by Characteristics and Year, 2013-2017.......................................................................................3 

A.3 Unbanked Rates by Household Characteristics, 2013-2017 ...................................................................................................5 

A.4 Underbanked Rates by Household Characteristics, 2013-2017..............................................................................................7 

A.5 Fully Banked Rates by Household Characteristics, 2013-2017...............................................................................................9 

A.6 Monthly Income Volatility by Level of Income, 2017 ..............................................................................................................11 

A.7 Banking Status by State, 2017...............................................................................................................................................11 

A.8 Unbanked Rates by State, 2013-2017 ...................................................................................................................................13 

A.9 Underbanked Rates by State, 2013-2017..............................................................................................................................15 

A.10 Fully Banked Rates by State, 2013-2017.............................................................................................................................17 

A.11 Banking Status by MSA, 2017..............................................................................................................................................19 

A.12 Unbanked Rates by MSA, 2013-2017..................................................................................................................................21 

A.13 Underbanked Rates by MSA, 2013-2017.............................................................................................................................23 

A.14 Fully Banked Rates by MSA, 2013-2017..............................................................................................................................25 

A.15 Proportion of Unbanked Households Not at All Likely to Open an Account by Previous Banking Status and Household 

Characteristics, 2013-2017...................................................................................................................................................27 

A.16 All Reasons Households Were Unbanked by Previous Banking Status, 2017.....................................................................29 

A.17 Main Reason Households Were Unbanked by Previous Banking Status, 2017...................................................................30 

A.18 All Reasons Households Were Unbanked by Likelihood of Opening an Account, 2017 .....................................................31 

A.19 Main Reason Households Were Unbanked by Likelihood of Opening an Account, 2017 ...................................................32 

B. Banked Households: Types of Accounts, Methods Used to Access Accounts, and Bank Branch Visits 

B.1 Types of Accounts Owned by Banked Households, 2017 .....................................................................................................33 

B.2 Savings Account Ownership Rates by Household Characteristics, Banked Households, 2013-2017..................................35 

B.3 All Methods Used to Access Bank Accounts by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 2017..............................37 

B.4 Primary Method Used to Access Bank Accounts by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 2017 .......................39 

B.5 Bank Teller as Primary Method Used to Access Bank Accounts by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 

2013-2017 ..............................................................................................................................................................................42 

B.6 ATM/Kiosk as Primary Method Used to Access Bank Accounts by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 

2013-2017 ..............................................................................................................................................................................44 

B.7 Telephone Banking as Primary Method Used to Access Bank Accounts by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 

2013-2017 ..............................................................................................................................................................................46 

B.8 Online Banking as Primary Method Used to Access Bank Accounts by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 

2013-2017 ..............................................................................................................................................................................48 

B.9 Mobile Banking as Primary Method Used to Access Bank Accounts by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 

2013-2017 ..............................................................................................................................................................................50 

VII
VIII | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

 

 

 

 

B.10 Use of Bank Teller Only to Access Bank Accounts by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 2013-2017..........52 

B.11 Number of Bank Branch Visits Among Banked Households by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 2017 ....54 

B.12 Number of Bank Branch Visits Among Banked Households That Visited a Branch by Banking Status and Household 

Characteristics, 2017............................................................................................................................................................56 

B.13 Number of Bank Branch Visits Among Unbanked Households by Previous Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 

2017......................................................................................................................................................................................58 

B.14 Mobile Activities Among Banked Households by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 2017 ..........................60 

B.15 Mobile Phone Access by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 2013-2017 ......................................................63 

B.16 Smartphone Access by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 2013-2017.........................................................65 

B.17 Internet Access at Home by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 2015-2017..................................................67 

C. Prepaid Cards 

C.1 Prepaid Card Use by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 2013-2017...............................................................69 

C.2 Prepaid Card Use Among Unbanked Households by Previous Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 

2013-2017..............................................................................................................................................................................71 

C.3 Prepaid Card Use by State, 2013-2017 .................................................................................................................................73 

C.4 Prepaid Card Use by MSA, 2013-2017..................................................................................................................................75 

C.5 Sources of Prepaid Cards by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 2017 ...........................................................78 

D. Alternative Financial Services 

D.1 AFS Use by Bank Account Ownership and Household Characteristics, 2013-2017.............................................................81 

D.2 Transaction AFS Use by Bank Account Ownership and Household Characteristics, 2013-2017 .........................................83 

D.3 Credit AFS Use by Bank Account Ownership and Household Characteristics, 2013-2017..................................................85 

D.4 AFS Use by State, 2013-2017................................................................................................................................................87 

D.5 Transaction AFS Use by State, 2013-2017 ............................................................................................................................89 

D.6 Credit AFS Use by State, 2013-2017.....................................................................................................................................91 

D.7 AFS Use by MSA, 2013-2017 ................................................................................................................................................93 

D.8 Transaction AFS Use by MSA, 2013-2017.............................................................................................................................96 

D.9 Credit AFS Use by MSA, 2013-2017......................................................................................................................................99 

E. Saving for Unexpected Expenses or Emergencies 

E.1 Rates of Saving for Unexpected Expenses or Emergencies by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 

2015-2017............................................................................................................................................................................102 

E.2 Rates of Saving for Unexpected Expenses or Emergencies by State, 2015-2017 ..............................................................104 

E.3 Rates of Saving for Unexpected Expenses or Emergencies by MSA, 2015-2017...............................................................106 

E.4 Savings Methods by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 2017 .......................................................................108 
 

 

 

F. Credit 

F.1 Use of Mainstream Credit Products by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 2017 ...........................................110 

F.2 Use of Mainstream Credit Products by State, 2017..............................................................................................................113 

F.3 Use of Mainstream Credit Products by MSA, 2017 ..............................................................................................................115 

F.4 Ownership of Credit Cards From Visa, MasterCard, American Express, or Discover by Banking Status and Household 

Characteristics, 2015-2017 ...................................................................................................................................................118 

F.5 Applied for Credit Card or Bank Personal Loan by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 2015-2017................120 

F.6 Denied Credit Card or Bank Personal Loan by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 2015-2017......................122 

F.7 Felt Discouraged About Applying for Credit Card or Bank Personal Loan by Banking Status and Household 

Characteristics, 2015-2017...................................................................................................................................................124 

F.8 Fell Behind on Bills by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 2015-2017............................................................126 

F.9 Denied Credit Card or Bank Personal Loan, Conditional on Applying, by Banking Status and Household 

Characteristics, 2015-2017...................................................................................................................................................128 

F.10 Credit Characteristics by State, 2017 .................................................................................................................................130 

F.11 Credit Characteristics by MSA, 2017 ..................................................................................................................................132 

G. How Households Conduct Their Financial Transactions in a Typical Month 

G.1 Methods Used to Pay Bills and Receive Income in a Typical Month, 2015-2017 (2015 Sample Selection)........................134 

G.2 Methods Used to Pay Bills in a Typical Month by Banking Status, 2017 ............................................................................135 

G.3 Methods Used to Receive Income in a Typical Month by Banking Status, 2017 ................................................................136 

G.4 Methods Used to Pay Bills in a Typical Month by Income, 2017.........................................................................................137 

G.5 Methods Used to Receive Income in a Typical Month by Income, 2017.............................................................................138 

G.6 Methods Used to Pay Bills in a Typical Month by Education, 2017.....................................................................................139 

G.7 Methods Used to Receive Income in a Typical Month by Education, 2017.........................................................................140 

G.8 Methods Used to Pay Bills in a Typical Month by Age, 2017 ..............................................................................................141 

G.9 Methods Used to Receive Income in a Typical Month by Age, 2017 ..................................................................................142 

G.10 Methods Used to Pay Bills in a Typical Month by Race/Ethnicity, 2017............................................................................143 

G.11 Methods Used to Receive Income in a Typical Month by Race/Ethnicity, 2017................................................................144 

H. Measuring Economic Inclusion 

H.1 Household Characteristics by Use of Bank Methods to Pay Bills and Receive Income in a Typical Month, 2017 .............145 

IX
1 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

A.1 Banking Status by Household Characteristics, 2017 

For all households, row percent 

Characteristics 

Number of 

Households 

(1000s) 

Percent of 

Households 

Unbanked 

(Percent) 

Banked: 

Underbanked 

(Percent) 

Banked: 

Fully banked 

(Percent) 

Banked: 

Underbanked 

status 

unknown 

(Percent) 

All 

Family income 

129,276 100.0 6.5 18.7 68.4 6.3 

Less than $15,000 15,997 100.0 25.7 20.9 47.7 5.7 

$15,000 to $30,000 19,842 100.0 12.3 22.4 58.3 7.0 

$30,000 to $50,000 25,610 100.0 5.1 22.8 65.4 6.8 

$50,000 to $75,000 23,763 100.0 1.5 19.7 72.8 6.0 

At least $75,000 

Education 

44,064 100.0 0.6 13.3 79.9 6.2 

No high school diploma 12,461 100.0 22.4 24.3 46.3 7.0 

High school diploma 33,334 100.0 9.4 20.3 63.7 6.5 

Some college 37,355 100.0 5.1 20.8 67.8 6.3 

College degree 

Age group 

46,127 100.0 1.3 14.4 78.3 6.1 

15 to 24 years 6,625 100.0 10.0 29.3 56.5 4.2 

25 to 34 years 20,997 100.0 8.5 23.1 62.5 5.9 

35 to 44 years 21,532 100.0 7.8 22.2 63.6 6.5 

45 to 54 years 23,277 100.0 6.9 19.3 67.1 6.7 

55 to 64 years 24,484 100.0 5.9 17.8 70.3 6.0 

65 years or more 

Race/Ethnicity 

32,361 100.0 3.9 11.6 77.5 7.0 

Black 18,201 100.0 16.9 30.4 45.8 6.9 

Hispanic 16,655 100.0 14.0 28.9 49.7 7.4 

Asian 6,792 100.0 2.5 17.5 69.2 10.8 

White 85,599 100.0 3.0 14.1 77.1 5.7 

Other 

Disability status 

2,030 100.0 12.8 28.0 55.8 3.3 

Disabled, age 25 to 64 11,297 100.0 18.1 24.7 52.2 5.0 

Not disabled, age 25 to 64 78,993 100.0 5.7 19.9 68.0 6.4 

Not applicable (not age 25 to 64) 

Monthly income volatility 

38,985 100.0 4.9 14.6 73.9 6.5 

Income was about the same 

each month 

92,113 100.0 5.6 18.1 75.2 1.0 

Income varied somewhat from 

month to month 

20,966 100.0 6.8 26.2 66.1 0.9 

Income varied a lot from month 

to month 

4,992 100.0 13.2 28.2 57.9 0.7 

Unknown 

Employment status 

11,205 100.0 10.5 5.1 21.6 62.8 

Employed 79,436 100.0 4.5 20.4 68.8 6.3 

Unemployed 3,433 100.0 19.9 23.9 51.4 4.8 

Not in labor force 46,407 100.0 9.0 15.4 69.0 6.6 
A.1 Banking Status by Household Characteristics, 2017 

For all households, row percent 

Characteristics 

Number of 

Households 

(1000s) 

Percent of 

Households 

Unbanked 

(Percent) 

Banked: 

Underbanked 

(Percent) 

Banked: 

Fully banked 

(Percent) 

Banked: 

Underbanked 

status 

unknown 

(Percent) 

Homeownership 

Homeowner 

Non-homeowner 

Household type 

Married couple 

Unmarried female-headed family 

Unmarried male-headed family 

Female individual 

Male individual 

Other 

Nativity 

U.S.-born 

Foreign-born citizen 

Foreign-born non-citizen 

Spanish only language spoken 

Spanish is not only language 

spoken 

Spanish is only language spoken 

Metropolitan status 

Metropolitan area - principal city 

Metropolitan area - balance 

Not in metropolitan area 

Not identified 

Geographic region 

Northeast 

Midwest 

South 

West 

82,241 

47,035 

61,138 

15,172 

6,600 

24,262 

21,776 

NA 

110,238 

10,143 

8,895 

124,329 

4,947 

38,497 

55,313 

17,366 

18,100 

22,776 

27,719 

49,360 

29,420 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

NA 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

2.3 

14.0 

2.5 

15.4 

9.9 

7.6 

9.2 

NA 

5.9 

4.8 

16.2 

5.8 

24.4 

9.4 

4.5 

7.5 

5.6 

6.0 

5.4 

7.7 

6.0 

14.2 

26.5 

16.9 

27.5 

25.4 

15.7 

18.9 

NA 

17.3 

23.3 

31.0 

18.2 

32.2 

21.2 

17.1 

18.8 

18.3 

17.9 

15.8 

21.0 

18.2 

77.2 

53.1 

74.3 

51.2 

58.5 

70.0 

65.3 

NA 

71.1 

60.9 

43.9 

69.7 

36.0 

62.4 

71.5 

69.3 

71.1 

69.0 

73.3 

65.1 

69.1 

6.3 

6.4 

6.3 

5.9 

6.2 

6.6 

6.6 

NA 

5.7 

11.0 

8.9 

6.3 

7.4 

7.1 

6.8 

4.5 

5.1 

7.2 

5.5 

6.2 

6.7 

NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than 

zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 

2
3 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

A.2 Distribution of Households by Characteristics and Year, 2013-2017 

For all households, column percent 

Characteristics 2013 2015 2017 

Number of Households (1000s) 123,750 127,538 129,276 

Percent of Households 

Family income (Percent) 

100.0 100.0 100.0 

Less than $15,000 15.4 14.1 12.4 

$15,000 to $30,000 17.6 16.8 15.3 

$30,000 to $50,000 19.8 19.9 19.8 

$50,000 to $75,000 18.2 18.0 18.4 

At least $75,000 

Education (Percent) 

29.0 31.2 34.1 

No high school diploma 11.2 10.8 9.6 

High school diploma 27.2 26.1 25.8 

Some college 29.1 29.4 28.9 

College degree 

Age group (Percent) 

32.5 33.7 35.7 

15 to 24 years 5.0 5.2 5.1 

25 to 34 years 16.5 16.5 16.2 

35 to 44 years 17.3 17.0 16.7 

45 to 54 years 19.8 18.6 18.0 

55 to 64 years 18.4 18.8 18.9 

65 years or more 

Race/Ethnicity (Percent) 

22.9 23.9 25.0 

Black 13.6 14.1 14.1 

Hispanic 12.1 12.6 12.9 

Asian 4.8 4.9 5.3 

White 68.1 67.0 66.2 

Other 

Disability status (Percent) 

1.4 1.4 1.6 

Disabled, age 25 to 64 8.8 9.0 8.7 

Not disabled, age 25 to 64 63.3 61.9 61.1 

Not applicable (not age 25 to 64) 

Monthly income volatility (Percent) 

28.0 29.1 30.2 

Income was about the same each month 71.8 71.3 

Income varied somewhat from month to month 16.3 16.2 

Income varied a lot from month to month 4.5 3.9 

Unknown 

Employment status (Percent) 

7.3 8.7 

Employed 61.1 61.3 61.4 

Unemployed 4.4 3.0 2.7 

Not in labor force 34.5 35.7 35.9 
A.2 Distribution of Households by Characteristics and Year, 2013-2017 

For all households, column percent 

Characteristics 2013 2015 2017 

Homeownership (Percent) 

Homeowner 64.8 63.3 63.6 

Non-homeowner 

Household type (Percent) 

35.2 36.7 36.4 

Married couple 47.8 46.7 47.3 

Unmarried female-headed family 12.8 12.5 11.7 

Unmarried male-headed family 5.1 4.8 5.1 

Female individual 17.9 18.4 18.8 

Male individual 16.4 17.3 16.8 

Other 

Nativity (Percent) 

0.1 0.2 0.3 

U.S.-born 86.0 85.2 85.3 

Foreign-born citizen 7.5 7.6 7.8 

Foreign-born non-citizen 

Spanish only language spoken (Percent) 

6.5 7.2 6.9 

Spanish is not only language spoken 97.9 97.8 96.2 

Spanish is only language spoken 

Metropolitan status (Percent) 

2.1 2.2 3.8 

Metropolitan area - principal city 27.9 28.6 29.8 

Metropolitan area - balance 41.4 42.8 42.8 

Not in metropolitan area 15.6 14.0 13.4 

Not identified 

Geographic region (Percent) 

15.1 14.5 14.0 

Northeast 17.9 17.8 17.6 

Midwest 22.1 21.7 21.4 

South 37.8 37.9 38.2 

West 22.2 22.6 22.8 

Monthly income volatility is not available in 2013. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. 

The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 

4
5 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

A.3 Unbanked Rates by Household Characteristics, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Characteristics 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, Difference 

All 

Family income 

7.7 7.0 6.5 (6.2, 6.8) -0.5* (-0.9, -0.1) 

Less than $15,000 27.7 25.6 25.7 (24.4, 27.0) 0.1 (-1.8, 2.0) 

$15,000 to $30,000 11.4 11.8 12.3 (11.2, 13.4) 0.4 (-0.9, 1.7) 

$30,000 to $50,000 5.1 5.0 5.1 (4.5, 5.6) 0.1 (-0.7, 0.8) 

$50,000 to $75,000 1.7 1.6 1.5 (1.2, 1.8) -0.1 (-0.6, 0.3) 

At least $75,000 

Education 

0.5 0.5 0.6 (0.4, 0.7) 0.1 (-0.1, 0.3) 

No high school diploma 25.1 23.2 22.4 (20.9, 24.0) -0.8 (-2.8, 1.2) 

High school diploma 10.8 9.7 9.4 (8.9, 10.1) -0.2 (-1.1, 0.6) 

Some college 5.6 5.5 5.1 (4.7, 5.6) -0.4 (-1.0, 0.3) 

College degree 

Age group 

1.1 1.1 1.3 (1.1, 1.5) 0.1 (-0.2, 0.4) 

15 to 24 years 15.7 13.1 10.0 (8.5, 11.7) -3.1* (-5.3, -0.8) 

25 to 34 years 12.5 10.6 8.5 (7.7, 9.4) -2.1* (-3.3, -1.0) 

35 to 44 years 9.0 8.9 7.8 (7.1, 8.5) -1.2* (-2.1, -0.2) 

45 to 54 years 7.5 6.7 6.9 (6.2, 7.6) 0.2 (-0.7, 1.1) 

55 to 64 years 5.6 5.8 5.9 (5.3, 6.6) 0.1 (-0.7, 0.9) 

65 years or more 

Race/Ethnicity 

3.5 3.1 3.9 (3.5, 4.3) 0.8* (0.2, 1.4) 

Black 20.6 18.2 16.9 (15.7, 18.1) -1.3 (-3.0, 0.4) 

Hispanic 17.9 16.2 14.0 (12.8, 15.2) -2.3* (-4.0, -0.6) 

Asian 2.2 4.0 2.5 (1.8, 3.5) -1.5* (-2.9, -0.1) 

White 3.6 3.1 3.0 (2.8, 3.3) -0.1 (-0.4, 0.3) 

Other 

Disability status 

15.0 11.1 12.8 (10.7, 15.3) 1.7 (-1.4, 4.8) 

Disabled, age 25 to 64 18.4 17.6 18.1 (16.7, 19.5) 0.5 (-1.4, 2.4) 

Not disabled, age 25 to 64 7.2 6.5 5.7 (5.3, 6.0) -0.8* (-1.4, -0.3) 

Not applicable (not age 25 to 64) 

Monthly income volatility 

5.7 4.9 4.9 (4.5, 5.4) 0.0 (-0.6, 0.7) 

Income was about the same 

each month 5.7 5.6 (5.3, 6.0) -0.1 (-0.5, 0.3) 

Income varied somewhat from 

month to month 8.7 6.8 (6.1, 7.5) -1.9* (-3.0, -0.9) 

Income varied a lot from month 

to month 12.9 13.2 (11.4, 15.1) 0.3 (-2.4, 3.0) 

Unknown 

Employment status 

12.7 10.5 (9.4, 11.6) -2.3* (-4.2, -0.4) 

Employed 5.4 5.0 4.5 (4.2, 4.8) -0.5* (-0.9, 0.0) 

Unemployed 23.0 23.0 19.9 (17.1, 23.0) -3.1 (-7.3, 1.1) 

Not in labor force 9.9 9.2 9.0 (8.5, 9.5) -0.2 (-1.0, 0.5) 
A.3 Unbanked Rates by Household Characteristics, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Characteristics 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, Difference 

Homeownership 

Homeowner 

Non-homeowner 

Household type 

Married couple 

Unmarried female-headed family 

Unmarried male-headed family 

Female individual 

Male individual 

Other 

Nativity 

U.S.-born 

Foreign-born citizen 

Foreign-born non-citizen 

Spanish only language spoken 

Spanish is not only language spoken 

Spanish is only language spoken 

Metropolitan status 

Metropolitan area - principal city 

Metropolitan area - balance 

Not in metropolitan area 

Not identified 

Geographic region 

Northeast 

Midwest 

South 

West 

2.6 

17.3 

3.4 

18.4 

13.2 

7.4 

10.7 

NA 

6.9 

4.7 

22.7 

7.1 

34.9 

11.4 

5.5 

8.5 

6.4 

6.8 

6.4 

9.2 

7.4 

2.3 

15.2 

3.3 

16.2 

9.8 

6.8 

9.8 

NA 

6.1 

4.6 

20.3 

6.5 

31.0 

10.3 

5.2 

7.6 

5.4 

6.3 

5.7 

8.7 

5.9 

2.3 

14.0 

2.5 

15.4 

9.9 

7.6 

9.2 

NA 

5.9 

4.8 

16.2 

5.8 

24.4 

9.4 

4.5 

7.5 

5.6 

6.0 

5.4 

7.7 

6.0 

(2.1, 2.5) 

(13.3, 14.6) 

(2.3, 2.8) 

(14.4, 16.5) 

(8.4, 11.6) 

(7.0, 8.2) 

(8.5, 9.9) 

NA 

(5.6, 6.2) 

(4.0, 5.8) 

(14.7, 17.8) 

(5.5, 6.1) 

(21.6, 27.5) 

(8.7, 10.0) 

(4.2, 4.9) 

(6.7, 8.4) 

(4.9, 6.3) 

(5.3, 6.7) 

(4.9, 6.0) 

(7.2, 8.3) 

(5.4, 6.6) 

0.0 

-1.2* 

-0.8* 

-0.8 

0.0 

0.8 

-0.7 

NA 

-0.2 

0.2 

-4.0* 

-0.7* 

-6.6* 

-0.9 

-0.7* 

-0.1 

0.2 

-0.4 

-0.3 

-1.0* 

0.0 

(-0.4, 0.3) 

(-2.1, -0.3) 

(-1.2, -0.4) 

(-2.4, 0.9) 

(-2.2, 2.2) 

(-0.1, 1.6) 

(-1.6, 0.3) 

NA 

(-0.6, 0.2) 

(-1.2, 1.6) 

(-6.5, -1.6) 

(-1.0, -0.3) 

(-11.2, -1.9) 

(-1.8, 0.0) 

(-1.2, -0.1) 

(-1.2, 0.9) 

(-0.6, 1.0) 

(-1.4, 0.6) 

(-1.0, 0.4) 

(-1.8, -0.3) 

(-0.7, 0.8) 

Monthly income volatility is not available in 2013. * indicates differences that are statistically significant at the 10% level. NA indicates that the sample size is too 

small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile 

to totals because of rounding. 

6
7 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

A.4 Underbanked Rates by Household Characteristics, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Characteristics 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, Difference 

All 

Family income 

20.0 19.9 18.7 (18.3, 19.1) -1.2* (-1.8, -0.6) 

Less than $15,000 22.4 24.3 20.9 (19.8, 22.1) -3.4* (-5.1, -1.7) 

$15,000 to $30,000 25.0 23.6 22.4 (21.3, 23.6) -1.2 (-2.7, 0.4) 

$30,000 to $50,000 23.3 23.7 22.8 (21.8, 23.9) -0.9 (-2.3, 0.4) 

$50,000 to $75,000 19.8 20.2 19.7 (18.7, 20.7) -0.5 (-2.0, 0.9) 

At least $75,000 

Education 

13.6 13.4 13.3 (12.8, 13.8) -0.1 (-0.8, 0.7) 

No high school diploma 24.1 25.9 24.3 (22.9, 25.7) -1.6 (-3.4, 0.1) 

High school diploma 21.9 22.2 20.3 (19.5, 21.2) -1.8* (-3.1, -0.6) 

Some college 23.0 22.0 20.8 (20.0, 21.6) -1.2* (-2.4, -0.1) 

College degree 

Age group 

14.3 14.5 14.4 (13.7, 15.0) -0.1 (-1.0, 0.7) 

15 to 24 years 30.8 29.4 29.3 (27.0, 31.7) -0.1 (-3.5, 3.3) 

25 to 34 years 24.7 24.5 23.1 (22.1, 24.3) -1.4 (-2.9, 0.2) 

35 to 44 years 23.8 22.7 22.2 (21.2, 23.2) -0.5 (-1.9, 1.0) 

45 to 54 years 21.9 21.1 19.3 (18.3, 20.3) -1.8* (-3.2, -0.4) 

55 to 64 years 17.7 18.5 17.8 (16.8, 18.8) -0.8 (-2.1, 0.5) 

65 years or more 

Race/Ethnicity 

11.6 13.0 11.6 (11.0, 12.3) -1.4* (-2.3, -0.4) 

Black 33.2 31.1 30.4 (29.1, 31.8) -0.7 (-2.7, 1.3) 

Hispanic 28.6 29.3 28.9 (27.7, 30.2) -0.3 (-2.2, 1.6) 

Asian 17.7 21.0 17.5 (15.6, 19.6) -3.5* (-6.5, -0.4) 

White 15.9 15.6 14.1 (13.7, 14.5) -1.5* (-2.1, -0.9) 

Other 

Disability status 

25.3 27.5 28.0 (24.4, 32.0) 0.5 (-4.4, 5.4) 

Disabled, age 25 to 64 28.1 28.4 24.7 (23.3, 26.2) -3.7* (-5.7, -1.7) 

Not disabled, age 25 to 64 21.1 20.6 19.9 (19.3, 20.4) -0.7 (-1.5, 0.0) 

Not applicable 

(not age 25 to 64) 

Monthly income volatility 

15.1 15.9 14.6 (14.0, 15.3) -1.3* (-2.3, -0.3) 

Income was about the same each 

month 19.1 18.1 (17.7, 18.6) -1.0* (-1.6, -0.3) 

Income varied somewhat from month 

to month 26.6 26.2 (25.0, 27.4) -0.5 (-2.1, 1.2) 

Income varied a lot from month to 

month 30.9 28.2 (26.1, 30.5) -2.7 (-5.9, 0.6) 

Unknown 

Employment status 

6.3 5.1 (4.3, 6.0) -1.3 (-2.5, 0.0) 

Employed 21.7 21.4 20.4 (19.9, 20.9) -1.0* (-1.8, -0.2) 

Unemployed 25.3 24.8 23.9 (21.3, 26.7) -0.9 (-4.5, 2.7) 

Not in labor force 16.3 17.1 15.4 (14.8, 16.0) -1.6* (-2.6, -0.7) 
A.4 Underbanked Rates by Household Characteristics, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Characteristics 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, Difference 

Homeownership 

Homeowner 

Non-homeowner 

Household type 

Married couple 

Unmarried 

female-headed family 

Unmarried 

male-headed family 

Female individual 

Male individual 

Other 

Nativity 

U.S.-born 

Foreign-born citizen 

Foreign-born non-citizen 

Spanish only 

language spoken 

Spanish is not only 

language spoken 

Spanish is only 

language spoken 

Metropolitan status 

Metropolitan 

area - principal city 

Metropolitan area - balance 

Not in metropolitan area 

Not identified 

Geographic region 

Northeast 

Midwest 

South 

West 

15.5 

28.2 

17.7 

29.2 

28.3 

17.2 

20.0 

NA 

19.1 

24.0 

28.0 

19.9 

23.7 

22.3 

17.8 

21.0 

20.8 

19.3 

16.9 

23.5 

17.6 

15.4 

27.7 

17.6 

29.1 

27.0 

18.1 

19.6 

NA 

18.4 

25.6 

32.5 

19.7 

29.1 

23.2 

17.5 

21.4 

19.2 

19.3 

17.5 

21.6 

19.9 

14.2 

26.5 

16.9 

27.5 

25.4 

15.7 

18.9 

NA 

17.3 

23.3 

31.0 

18.2 

32.2 

21.2 

17.1 

18.8 

18.3 

17.9 

15.8 

21.0 

18.2 

(13.8, 14.7) 

(25.6, 27.4) 

(16.4, 17.4) 

(26.1, 29.0) 

(23.4, 27.5) 

(14.8, 16.7) 

(17.8, 20.0) 

NA 

(16.9, 17.7) 

(21.6, 25.1) 

(29.1, 33.0) 

(17.7, 18.6) 

(29.3, 35.2) 

(20.3, 22.1) 

(16.5, 17.7) 

(17.7, 19.9) 

(17.1, 19.5) 

(16.9, 18.8) 

(15.0, 16.6) 

(20.3, 21.8) 

(17.4, 19.1) 

-1.2* 

-1.2 

-0.6 

-1.6 

-1.6 

-2.4* 

-0.7 

NA 

-1.1* 

-2.4 

-1.4 

-1.6* 

3.0 

-2.0* 

-0.4 

-2.7* 

-0.9 

-1.4* 

-1.7* 

-0.6 

-1.7* 

(-1.8, -0.5) 

(-2.4, 0.0) 

(-1.4, 0.2) 

(-3.4, 0.3) 

(-4.3, 1.0) 

(-3.6, -1.1) 

(-2.2, 0.8) 

NA 

(-1.7, -0.5) 

(-4.8, 0.1) 

(-4.3, 1.4) 

(-2.1, -1.0) 

(-1.2, 7.3) 

(-3.3, -0.7) 

(-1.4, 0.5) 

(-4.4, -0.9) 

(-2.4, 0.6) 

(-2.8, -0.1) 

(-2.9, -0.6) 

(-1.6, 0.4) 

(-2.9, -0.5) 

Monthly income volatility is not available in 2013. * indicates differences that are statistically significant at the 10% level. NA indicates that the sample size is too 

small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile 

to totals because of rounding. 

8
9 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

A.5 Fully Banked Rates by Household Characteristics, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Characteristics 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% 

Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, Difference 

All 

Family income 

67.0 68.0 68.4 (67.9, 68.9) 0.4 (-0.3, 1.1) 

Less than $15,000 45.2 45.1 47.7 (46.1, 49.2) 2.6* (0.4, 4.7) 

$15,000 to $30,000 57.9 59.5 58.3 (57.0, 59.7) -1.1 (-2.9, 0.6) 

$30,000 to $50,000 65.7 66.2 65.4 (64.1, 66.6) -0.8 (-2.4, 0.8) 

$50,000 to $75,000 73.2 73.0 72.8 (71.8, 73.8) -0.2 (-1.8, 1.4) 

At least $75,000 

Education 

81.0 81.3 79.9 (79.2, 80.6) -1.3* (-2.3, -0.4) 

No high school diploma 46.3 46.4 46.3 (44.6, 47.9) -0.1 (-2.4, 2.2) 

High school diploma 61.7 62.9 63.7 (62.8, 64.7) 0.8 (-0.6, 2.3) 

Some college 66.2 67.7 67.8 (66.9, 68.7) 0.1 (-1.3, 1.4) 

College degree 

Age group 

79.3 79.1 78.3 (77.6, 79.1) -0.8 (-1.8, 0.2) 

15 to 24 years 48.8 52.1 56.5 (54.2, 58.9) 4.5* (1.1, 7.9) 

25 to 34 years 58.3 60.8 62.5 (61.2, 63.7) 1.6 (-0.3, 3.6) 

35 to 44 years 62.5 63.1 63.6 (62.5, 64.6) 0.5 (-1.2, 2.1) 

45 to 54 years 65.4 67.5 67.1 (65.9, 68.4) -0.3 (-2.0, 1.4) 

55 to 64 years 71.7 70.9 70.3 (69.1, 71.4) -0.6 (-2.0, 0.9) 

65 years or more 

Race/Ethnicity 

78.2 78.1 77.5 (76.7, 78.3) -0.6 (-1.8, 0.6) 

Black 40.0 45.5 45.8 (44.2, 47.4) 0.3 (-2.0, 2.6) 

Hispanic 48.4 48.9 49.7 (48.0, 51.4) 0.8 (-1.5, 3.0) 

Asian 73.4 67.2 69.2 (66.8, 71.5) 2.0 (-1.4, 5.5) 

White 75.4 76.6 77.1 (76.6, 77.6) 0.5 (-0.2, 1.2) 

Other 

Disability status 

55.2 56.7 55.8 (51.4, 60.2) -0.9 (-6.4, 4.7) 

Disabled, age 25 to 64 49.0 49.7 52.2 (50.3, 54.1) 2.5 (-0.1, 5.1) 

Not disabled, age 25 to 64 66.8 68.1 68.0 (67.4, 68.7) -0.1 (-1.0, 0.8) 

Not applicable 

(not age 25 to 64) 

Monthly income volatility 

72.9 73.4 73.9 (73.1, 74.7) 0.5 (-0.7, 1.7) 

Income was about the 

same each month 74.4 75.2 (74.7, 75.7) 0.8* (0.1, 1.5) 

Income varied somewhat from month 

to month 64.0 66.1 (64.7, 67.6) 2.1* (0.3, 3.9) 

Income varied a lot from month to 

month 55.2 57.9 (55.3, 60.4) 2.7 (-1.0, 6.3) 

Unknown 

Employment status 

22.2 21.6 (20.3, 23.0) -0.5 (-2.6, 1.5) 

Employed 67.8 68.7 68.8 (68.2, 69.5) 0.1 (-0.8, 1.1) 

Unemployed 47.8 48.6 51.4 (47.9, 54.9) 2.8 (-1.6, 7.2) 

Not in labor force 67.9 68.5 69.0 (68.2, 69.8) 0.5 (-0.6, 1.7) 
A.5 Fully Banked Rates by Household Characteristics, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Characteristics 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% 

Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, Difference 

Homeownership 

Homeowner 

Non-homeowner 

Household type 

Married couple 

Unmarried 

female-headed family 

Unmarried 

male-headed family 

Female individual 

Male individual 

Other 

Nativity 

U.S.-born 

Foreign-born citizen 

Foreign-born non-citizen 

Spanish only 

language spoken 

Spanish is not only 

language spoken 

Spanish is only 

language spoken 

Metropolitan status 

Metropolitan 

area - principal city 

Metropolitan area - balance 

Not in metropolitan area 

Not identified 

Geographic region 

Northeast 

Midwest 

South 

West 

76.7 

49.2 

73.9 

47.5 

53.7 

69.4 

63.7 

NA 

69.0 

64.6 

43.9 

67.6 

38.1 

60.8 

71.1 

66.1 

68.1 

68.4 

71.4 

62.1 

69.6 

77.4 

51.8 

74.4 

49.6 

57.3 

69.5 

65.5 

NA 

70.7 

62.9 

41.2 

68.8 

33.9 

60.8 

72.0 

67.3 

71.2 

67.9 

72.5 

65.0 

68.9 

77.2 

53.1 

74.3 

51.2 

58.5 

70.0 

65.3 

NA 

71.1 

60.9 

43.9 

69.7 

36.0 

62.4 

71.5 

69.3 

71.1 

69.0 

73.3 

65.1 

69.1 

(76.6, 77.7) 

(52.2, 54.1) 

(73.6, 74.9) 

(49.7, 52.6) 

(56.0, 61.0) 

(68.8, 71.2) 

(64.0, 66.6) 

NA 

(70.6, 71.6) 

(58.8, 62.9) 

(41.8, 45.9) 

(69.2, 70.2) 

(32.8, 39.4) 

(61.3, 63.4) 

(70.7, 72.3) 

(68.0, 70.5) 

(69.5, 72.6) 

(67.8, 70.1) 

(72.1, 74.4) 

(64.2, 66.0) 

(68.0, 70.1) 

-0.2 

1.3 

-0.2 

1.5 

1.2 

0.5 

-0.3 

NA 

0.4 

-2.0 

2.7 

0.9* 

2.1 

1.5* 

-0.4 

1.9 

-0.1 

1.1 

0.8 

0.1 

0.2 

(-1.0, 0.6) 

(0.0, 2.7) 

(-1.1, 0.8) 

(-0.5, 3.6) 

(-2.0, 4.5) 

(-1.1, 2.0) 

(-2.0, 1.5) 

NA 

(-0.3, 1.1) 

(-5.0, 1.0) 

(-0.3, 5.7) 

(0.2, 1.6) 

(-2.6, 6.9) 

(0.0, 3.0) 

(-1.5, 0.7) 

(0.0, 3.9) 

(-2.0, 1.7) 

(-0.6, 2.7) 

(-0.6, 2.3) 

(-1.1, 1.3) 

(-1.3, 1.7) 

Monthly income volatility is not available in 2013. * indicates differences that are statistically significant at the 10% level. NA indicates that the sample size is too 

small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile 

to totals because of rounding. 

10
11 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

A.6 Monthly Income Volatility by Level of Income, 2017 

For all households, row percent 

Characteristics 

Number of 

Households 

(1000s) 

Percent of 

Households 

Income 

was about 

the same 

each month 

(Percent) 

Income varied 

somewhat 

from month 

to month 

(Percent) 

Income 

varied a lot 

from month 

to month 

(Percent) 

Unknown 

(Percent) 

All 

Family income 

Less than $15,000 

$15,000 to $30,000 

$30,000 to $50,000 

$50,000 to $75,000 

At least $75,000 

129,276 

15,997 

19,842 

25,610 

23,763 

44,064 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

71.3 

70.6 

70.2 

70.6 

71.4 

72.3 

16.2 

12.5 

15.7 

16.8 

17.7 

16.7 

3.9 

5.8 

4.1 

3.8 

3.3 

3.4 

8.7 

11.0 

10.1 

8.8 

7.6 

7.7 

NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than 

zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 

A.7 Banking Status by State, 2017 

For all households, row percent 

Geography 

Number of 

Households 

(1000s) 

Percent of 

Households 

Unbanked 

(Percent) 

Banked: 

Underbanked 

(Percent) 

Banked: 

Fully banked 

(Percent) 

Banked: 

Underbanked 

status unknown 

(Percent) 

All 129,276 100.0 6.5 18.7 68.4 6.3 

State 

AL 2,064 100.0 8.7 22.3 63.3 5.7 

AK 275 100.0 2.6 21.8 71.8 3.8 

AZ 2,629 100.0 5.4 18.7 69.7 6.2 

AR 1,206 100.0 7.5 19.0 70.0 3.6 

CA 14,756 100.0 7.4 17.6 67.4 7.5 

CO 2,197 100.0 4.2 17.3 70.9 7.6 

CT 1,493 100.0 5.5 15.3 68.5 10.6 

DE 398 100.0 5.9 15.0 69.8 9.3 

DC 342 100.0 8.0 21.2 62.6 8.2 

FL 8,912 100.0 6.0 18.3 66.0 9.7 

GA 4,057 100.0 10.6 24.1 60.0 5.2 

HI 524 100.0 4.0 15.0 74.9 6.0 

ID 655 100.0 2.3 17.9 75.4 4.4 

IL 4,993 100.0 7.0 15.3 72.0 5.7 

IN 2,633 100.0 4.4 18.8 73.8 3.0 

IA 1,377 100.0 3.0 13.5 72.6 10.9 

KS 1,181 100.0 7.2 20.0 69.2 3.6 

KY 1,851 100.0 7.2 19.6 70.0 3.2 

LA 1,977 100.0 14.8 21.4 60.0 3.8 

ME 558 100.0 4.0 18.8 71.0 6.2 

MD 2,321 100.0 2.5 19.7 69.8 7.9 

MA 2,668 100.0 2.6 18.0 69.8 9.5 

MI 4,215 100.0 5.6 15.2 71.3 7.8 
A.7 Banking Status by State, 2017 

For all households, row percent 

Geography 

Number of 

Households 

(1000s) 

Percent of 

Households 

Unbanked 

(Percent) 

Banked: 

Underbanked 

(Percent) 

Banked: 

Fully banked 

(Percent) 

Banked: 

Underbanked 

status unknown 

(Percent) 

MN 2,343 100.0 1.5 12.5 82.9 3.1 

MS 1,206 100.0 15.8 22.5 57.4 4.2 

MO 2,501 100.0 6.3 16.8 70.9 6.0 

MT 445 100.0 4.3 16.1 74.6 5.0 

NE 776 100.0 2.8 18.8 74.2 4.2 

NV 1,170 100.0 6.1 25.1 60.4 8.4 

NH 548 100.0 3.4 13.1 76.5 7.0 

NJ 3,494 100.0 5.0 19.6 68.1 7.2 

NM 866 100.0 11.4 22.2 63.0 3.4 

NY 8,128 100.0 8.7 17.2 66.1 8.0 

NC 4,244 100.0 5.8 18.4 69.3 6.5 

ND 333 100.0 6.3 16.7 74.0 2.9 

OH 4,680 100.0 7.0 17.4 69.7 5.8 

OK 1,582 100.0 7.3 21.7 67.2 3.8 

OR 1,671 100.0 4.2 20.1 69.3 6.4 

PA 5,159 100.0 4.7 19.3 72.0 3.9 

RI 464 100.0 6.5 15.7 70.0 7.8 

SC 2,021 100.0 6.7 19.4 71.0 2.9 

SD 348 100.0 8.1 14.7 71.7 5.4 

TN 2,693 100.0 7.5 21.2 64.9 6.4 

TX 10,438 100.0 9.5 24.2 60.5 5.8 

UT 1,049 100.0 2.5 16.1 76.6 4.8 

VT 265 100.0 1.5 11.6 81.9 5.0 

VA 3,277 100.0 3.0 20.6 71.3 5.1 

WA 2,939 100.0 3.1 17.6 74.2 5.2 

WV 771 100.0 7.8 18.5 67.0 6.7 

WI 2,338 100.0 3.4 11.6 81.7 3.3 

WY 244 100.0 4.8 21.5 70.0 3.7 

NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than 

zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 

12
13 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

A.8 Unbanked Rates by State, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Geography 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, Difference 

All 7.7 7.0 6.5 (6.2, 6.8) -0.5* (-0.9, -0.1) 

State 

AL 9.2 12.5 8.7 (6.8, 11.2) -3.7* (-7.1, -0.3) 

AK 1.9 3.5 2.6 (1.3, 5.0) -0.9 (-3.8, 1.9) 

AZ 12.8 8.5 5.4 (3.8, 7.7) -3.1* (-6.2, -0.1) 

AR 12.3 9.7 7.5 (5.7, 9.7) -2.2 (-4.9, 0.5) 

CA 8.0 6.2 7.4 (6.5, 8.4) 1.2 (0.0, 2.4) 

CO 6.4 4.4 4.2 (2.6, 6.6) -0.2 (-4.1, 3.7) 

CT 5.6 6.2 5.5 (3.8, 8.0) -0.7 (-3.9, 2.6) 

DE 6.1 4.8 5.9 (3.8, 9.1) 1.2 (-2.5, 4.8) 

DC 11.8 10.8 8.0 (6.1, 10.5) -2.8 (-5.7, 0.0) 

FL 6.2 5.9 6.0 (5.0, 7.3) 0.1 (-1.6, 1.8) 

GA 10.9 11.9 10.6 (8.7, 13.0) -1.2 (-4.1, 1.7) 

HI 3.8 2.4 4.0 (2.6, 6.1) 1.6 (-0.5, 3.7) 

ID 5.4 3.6 2.3 (1.2, 4.4) -1.2 (-3.2, 0.8) 

IL 7.4 7.1 7.0 (5.6, 8.6) -0.2 (-2.2, 1.8) 

IN 7.2 4.8 4.4 (3.2, 6.2) -0.3 (-2.6, 2.0) 

IA 4.5 4.2 3.0 (1.8, 4.9) -1.2 (-3.5, 1.0) 

KS 6.0 7.6 7.2 (5.1, 10.1) -0.4 (-3.0, 2.2) 

KY 9.7 9.0 7.2 (5.8, 8.9) -1.8 (-5.0, 1.5) 

LA 13.9 14.0 14.8 (12.5, 17.5) 0.8 (-3.2, 4.8) 

ME 2.4 2.3 4.0 (2.2, 7.3) 1.7 (-0.8, 4.2) 

MD 4.8 4.8 2.5 (1.4, 4.5) -2.3 (-4.7, 0.1) 

MA 5.8 5.7 2.6 (1.8, 3.9) -3.1* (-5.1, -1.1) 

MI 5.7 6.0 5.6 (4.3, 7.3) -0.4 (-2.5, 1.7) 

MN 3.6 3.4 1.5 (0.7, 3.1) -1.9* (-3.6, -0.2) 

MS 14.5 12.6 15.8 (13.7, 18.2) 3.3 (-0.1, 6.6) 

MO 8.9 8.5 6.3 (4.8, 8.2) -2.2 (-4.9, 0.4) 

MT 6.6 4.0 4.3 (3.1, 6.1) 0.3 (-1.5, 2.1) 

NE 5.7 5.1 2.8 (1.3, 6.1) -2.2 (-5.5, 1.0) 

NV 7.9 8.9 6.1 (4.4, 8.3) -2.9 (-6.0, 0.3) 

NH 2.9 1.8 3.4 (2.1, 5.6) 1.6 (-0.4, 3.5) 

NJ 8.2 7.4 5.0 (3.5, 7.2) -2.3 (-4.9, 0.2) 

NM 10.9 9.4 11.4 (8.3, 15.4) 1.9 (-1.8, 5.7) 

NY 8.5 8.0 8.7 (7.4, 10.2) 0.7 (-1.1, 2.6) 

NC 8.4 7.7 5.8 (4.3, 7.7) -1.9 (-4.1, 0.2) 

ND 2.8 3.0 6.3 (4.1, 9.8) 3.3* (0.2, 6.4) 

OH 7.2 5.8 7.0 (5.7, 8.7) 1.2 (-1.0, 3.4) 

OK 10.9 11.0 7.3 (5.7, 9.3) -3.7* (-6.5, -0.8) 
A.8 Unbanked Rates by State, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Geography 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, Difference 

OR 4.5 5.1 4.2 (3.0, 5.8) -0.9 (-3.0, 1.2) 

PA 5.2 4.7 4.7 (3.3, 6.6) 0.0 (-2.2, 2.2) 

RI 6.2 5.0 6.5 (4.2, 9.9) 1.5 (-2.0, 5.0) 

SC 10.5 8.9 6.7 (4.8, 9.4) -2.2 (-5.3, 0.9) 

SD 4.2 4.2 8.1 (5.2, 12.6) 3.9* (0.2, 7.7) 

TN 9.7 10.8 7.5 (5.6, 9.9) -3.3* (-6.1, -0.5) 

TX 10.4 9.4 9.5 (8.4, 10.7) 0.2 (-1.5, 1.8) 

UT 3.3 3.9 2.5 (1.5, 4.3) -1.4 (-3.4, 0.6) 

VT 3.1 1.5 1.5 (0.8, 2.8) -0.1 (-1.4, 1.3) 

VA 6.5 4.6 3.0 (1.7, 5.2) -1.6 (-4.0, 0.8) 

WA 4.1 4.1 3.1 (2.0, 4.8) -1.0 (-2.9, 0.9) 

WV 11.0 8.0 7.8 (6.0, 10.2) -0.2 (-3.1, 2.8) 

WI 4.8 3.4 3.4 (2.1, 5.5) 0.0 (-2.0, 1.9) 

WY 5.6 2.4 4.8 (3.4, 6.7) 2.4* (0.4, 4.3) 

* indicates differences that are statistically significant at the 10% level. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an 

estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 

14
15 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

A.9 Underbanked Rates by State, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Geography 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

All 20.0 19.9 18.7 (18.3, 19.1) -1.2* (-1.8, -0.6) 

State 

AL 26.4 23.9 22.3 (19.7, 25.0) -1.6 (-5.2, 2.0) 

AK 19.3 26.1 21.8 (18.5, 25.6) -4.3 (-11.6, 3.0) 

AZ 17.6 18.5 18.7 (15.5, 22.6) 0.2 (-4.0, 4.4) 

AR 25.7 22.6 19.0 (16.2, 22.1) -3.7 (-7.8, 0.4) 

CA 17.0 19.1 17.6 (16.3, 19.0) -1.4 (-3.4, 0.5) 

CO 17.3 19.1 17.3 (14.4, 20.6) -1.8 (-6.2, 2.5) 

CT 14.4 14.8 15.3 (12.3, 19.0) 0.5 (-3.7, 4.8) 

DE 18.5 15.4 15.0 (11.9, 18.7) -0.5 (-5.5, 4.6) 

DC 24.8 25.4 21.2 (18.5, 24.2) -4.2 (-8.4, 0.1) 

FL 19.1 17.7 18.3 (16.6, 20.2) 0.7 (-1.8, 3.1) 

GA 26.9 24.6 24.1 (21.3, 27.1) -0.4 (-4.8, 3.9) 

HI 19.7 17.4 15.0 (12.0, 18.6) -2.4 (-6.8, 2.0) 

ID 19.0 23.1 17.9 (15.2, 21.1) -5.2* (-9.4, -1.0) 

IL 14.6 14.3 15.3 (13.4, 17.5) 1.0 (-1.5, 3.6) 

IN 17.6 18.2 18.8 (15.5, 22.5) 0.5 (-4.3, 5.4) 

IA 14.4 18.2 13.5 (10.0, 18.0) -4.7* (-9.3, -0.2) 

KS 22.9 18.3 20.0 (15.4, 25.4) 1.7 (-4.1, 7.4) 

KY 23.5 18.2 19.6 (16.9, 22.7) 1.4 (-3.5, 6.3) 

LA 24.5 23.8 21.4 (19.2, 23.7) -2.4 (-6.2, 1.4) 

ME 19.2 17.1 18.8 (15.5, 22.7) 1.7 (-2.9, 6.3) 

MD 23.9 22.4 19.7 (16.6, 23.2) -2.7 (-7.0, 1.6) 

MA 17.2 16.0 18.0 (15.6, 20.7) 2.0 (-1.7, 5.7) 

MI 18.1 19.8 15.2 (13.0, 17.8) -4.5* (-8.6, -0.4) 

MN 12.3 14.3 12.5 (9.9, 15.5) -1.8 (-6.8, 3.1) 

MS 32.8 25.5 22.5 (19.2, 26.1) -3.0 (-7.9, 1.8) 

MO 20.4 22.3 16.8 (14.3, 19.8) -5.4* (-9.1, -1.8) 

MT 17.0 13.3 16.1 (13.7, 18.8) 2.7 (-0.6, 6.1) 

NE 20.1 21.1 18.8 (15.9, 22.2) -2.3 (-7.0, 2.4) 

NV 24.7 27.3 25.1 (21.7, 29.0) -2.2 (-7.3, 3.0) 

NH 13.9 18.2 13.1 (10.5, 16.2) -5.1* (-9.2, -1.1) 

NJ 19.6 15.6 19.6 (17.1, 22.4) 4.0* (0.3, 7.7) 

NM 22.5 26.9 22.2 (19.9, 24.7) -4.6 (-9.7, 0.4) 

NY 19.6 23.8 17.2 (15.6, 18.9) -6.6* (-9.0, -4.2) 

NC 21.5 20.6 18.4 (16.0, 20.9) -2.2 (-5.7, 1.2) 

ND 20.0 20.8 16.7 (14.0, 19.9) -4.0 (-10.9, 2.8) 

OH 20.0 17.5 17.4 (15.4, 19.6) -0.1 (-3.0, 2.8) 

OK 22.2 26.4 21.7 (18.9, 24.8) -4.7* (-8.7, -0.7) 

OR 17.1 20.5 20.1 (16.8, 23.8) -0.4 (-5.8, 5.0) 
A.9 Underbanked Rates by State, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Geography 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

PA 22.2 18.8 19.3 (17.3, 21.5) 0.5 (-2.8, 3.8) 

RI 14.0 16.1 15.7 (12.7, 19.1) -0.4 (-5.2, 4.5) 

SC 25.6 23.4 19.4 (16.6, 22.5) -4.0* (-7.9, -0.1) 

SD 19.9 19.8 14.7 (12.0, 17.9) -5.1 (-10.2, 0.0) 

TN 18.7 19.2 21.2 (18.8, 23.9) 2.1 (-1.6, 5.7) 

TX 27.4 23.7 24.2 (22.4, 25.9) 0.4 (-2.2, 3.1) 

UT 13.0 20.9 16.1 (13.1, 19.5) -4.8* (-9.2, -0.4) 

VT 16.2 12.8 11.6 (9.5, 14.0) -1.2 (-4.3, 1.8) 

VA 19.5 19.7 20.6 (18.2, 23.4) 1.0 (-2.7, 4.7) 

WA 17.2 20.7 17.6 (14.5, 21.1) -3.2 (-7.2, 0.8) 

WV 19.0 17.5 18.5 (14.9, 22.9) 1.1 (-4.1, 6.2) 

WI 10.4 15.6 11.6 (9.2, 14.5) -3.9* (-7.1, -0.8) 

WY 21.8 20.5 21.5 (18.5, 24.8) 1.1 (-3.9, 6.0) 

* indicates differences that are statistically significant at the 10% level. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an 

estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 

16
17 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

A.10 Fully Banked Rates by State, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Geography 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

All 67.0 68.0 68.4 (67.9, 68.9) 0.4 (-0.3, 1.1) 

State 

AL 59.1 60.5 63.3 (60.4, 66.1) 2.8 (-1.5, 7.2) 

AK 70.6 65.5 71.8 (67.8, 75.5) 6.3 (-0.6, 13.1) 

AZ 65.1 68.3 69.7 (65.7, 73.4) 1.4 (-4.0, 6.8) 

AR 58.9 63.1 70.0 (65.8, 73.9) 6.9* (2.0, 11.8) 

CA 69.1 68.2 67.4 (65.7, 69.1) -0.8 (-3.2, 1.6) 

CO 72.5 73.8 70.9 (66.9, 74.6) -2.9 (-9.6, 3.8) 

CT 75.2 73.3 68.5 (63.4, 73.2) -4.8 (-10.7, 1.1) 

DE 68.1 72.1 69.8 (65.2, 74.1) -2.2 (-8.4, 3.9) 

DC 58.0 60.5 62.6 (58.9, 66.2) 2.2 (-2.9, 7.2) 

FL 65.1 68.9 66.0 (63.7, 68.2) -2.9 (-6.0, 0.2) 

GA 57.5 60.8 60.0 (56.7, 63.3) -0.7 (-5.5, 4.1) 

HI 70.4 74.2 74.9 (71.0, 78.5) 0.7 (-4.5, 5.9) 

ID 72.4 71.6 75.4 (71.3, 79.0) 3.8 (-1.5, 9.0) 

IL 72.3 74.0 72.0 (69.3, 74.5) -2.0 (-5.5, 1.5) 

IN 72.1 74.2 73.8 (70.1, 77.2) -0.4 (-5.8, 4.9) 

IA 75.0 70.7 72.6 (64.2, 79.6) 1.9 (-3.6, 7.5) 

KS 68.6 71.0 69.2 (64.1, 73.9) -1.8 (-7.3, 3.8) 

KY 64.2 69.1 70.0 (66.4, 73.4) 0.9 (-5.0, 6.7) 

LA 58.3 58.9 60.0 (56.4, 63.4) 1.0 (-3.8, 5.8) 

ME 74.5 76.5 71.0 (66.9, 74.8) -5.5* (-10.8, -0.3) 

MD 68.0 68.7 69.8 (65.9, 73.5) 1.2 (-3.8, 6.2) 

MA 72.3 71.8 69.8 (66.7, 72.8) -1.9 (-6.3, 2.5) 

MI 69.0 70.2 71.3 (67.4, 74.9) 1.1 (-4.8, 7.1) 

MN 81.9 79.5 82.9 (79.3, 86.1) 3.5 (-2.0, 8.9) 

MS 49.5 59.0 57.4 (53.8, 61.0) -1.6 (-5.2, 2.1) 

MO 66.5 65.0 70.9 (67.4, 74.1) 5.8* (1.4, 10.2) 

MT 70.0 76.7 74.6 (71.4, 77.5) -2.1 (-7.3, 3.2) 

NE 70.6 68.1 74.2 (70.5, 77.5) 6.0* (1.6, 10.5) 

NV 62.1 59.5 60.4 (56.2, 64.5) 0.9 (-5.2, 7.1) 

NH 78.1 76.9 76.5 (72.9, 79.8) -0.4 (-5.3, 4.4) 

NJ 67.9 71.3 68.1 (64.7, 71.3) -3.2 (-7.3, 1.0) 

NM 62.1 59.6 63.0 (58.5, 67.2) 3.3 (-2.8, 9.5) 

NY 65.2 59.4 66.1 (64.0, 68.2) 6.7* (3.6, 9.8) 

NC 63.7 66.2 69.3 (66.7, 71.9) 3.1 (-0.3, 6.6) 

ND 72.8 71.8 74.0 (70.5, 77.3) 2.2 (-3.7, 8.1) 

OH 65.0 71.3 69.7 (66.8, 72.5) -1.6 (-5.2, 2.0) 

OK 63.2 60.6 67.2 (63.8, 70.5) 6.6* (1.7, 11.6) 
A.10 Fully Banked Rates by State, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Geography 2013

 (Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

OR 71.9 67.8 69.3 (65.2, 73.0) 1.5 (-4.2, 7.1) 

PA 67.3 72.1 72.0 (69.2, 74.7) -0.1 (-3.8, 3.7) 

RI 72.6 74.5 70.0 (65.1, 74.5) -4.5 (-10.4, 1.5) 

SC 61.8 65.1 71.0 (67.2, 74.5) 5.9* (1.2, 10.5) 

SD 72.1 73.0 71.7 (67.5, 75.6) -1.2 (-7.8, 5.3) 

TN 67.8 66.1 64.9 (61.9, 67.7) -1.2 (-5.3, 2.9) 

TX 58.9 62.5 60.5 (58.5, 62.5) -1.9 (-5.1, 1.2) 

UT 81.5 73.0 76.6 (73.1, 79.7) 3.6 (-1.3, 8.5) 

VT 76.8 81.3 81.9 (78.9, 84.6) 0.6 (-3.2, 4.4) 

VA 66.4 70.8 71.3 (68.3, 74.2) 0.5 (-4.2, 5.2) 

WA 73.4 71.9 74.2 (70.9, 77.2) 2.3 (-1.5, 6.1) 

WV 65.0 68.7 67.0 (62.4, 71.2) -1.8 (-7.1, 3.6) 

WI 80.7 77.2 81.7 (78.8, 84.3) 4.5* (0.2, 8.8) 

WY 68.0 73.5 70.0 (65.8, 73.9) -3.5 (-10.3, 3.2) 

* indicates differences that are statistically significant at the 10% level. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an 

estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 

18
19 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

A.11 Banking Status by MSA, 2017 

For all households, row percent 

Geography 

Number of 

Households 

(1000s) 

Percent of 

Households 

Unbanked 

(Percent) 

Banked: 

Underbanked 

(Percent) 

Banked: 

Fully banked 

(Percent) 

Banked: 

Underbanked 

status unknown 

(Percent) 

All 

MSA 

129,276 100.0 6.5 18.7 68.4 6.3 

Albuquerque, NM 409 100.0 7.8 19.0 69.8 3.3 

Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA~ 2,326 100.0 7.5 27.9 58.1 6.5 

Austin-Round Rock, TX 755 100.0 3.8 22.1 70.5 3.6 

Baltimore-Columbia-Towson, MD 1,014 100.0 1.8 19.3 75.1 3.8 

Baton Rouge, LA 345 100.0 10.8 16.5 69.0 3.6 

Billings, MT~ 64 100.0 5.9 12.5 80.9 0.8 

Birmingham-Hoover, AL 518 100.0 13.3 14.2 62.8 9.8 

Boise City, ID 241 100.0 0.9 16.1 79.5 3.5 

Boston-Cambridge-Newton, 

MA-NH~ 

1,874 100.0 3.2 19.1 67.2 10.4 

Burlington-South Burlington, VT~ 63 100.0 1.7 15.3 75.7 7.2 

Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia, NC-SC~ 1,175 100.0 5.3 11.8 73.4 9.6 

Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, 

IL-IN-WI 

3,534 100.0 6.9 13.9 72.7 6.6 

Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN~ 823 100.0 6.2 17.4 69.8 6.6 

Cleveland-Elyria, OH 943 100.0 6.4 18.0 70.8 4.7 

Columbus, OH~ 717 100.0 5.5 19.7 72.7 2.2 

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, 

TX~ 

2,689 100.0 6.1 25.4 62.1 6.4 

Denver-Aurora-Lakewood, 

CO 

1,208 100.0 5.7 15.5 71.0 7.9 

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, 

MI 

1,901 100.0 6.9 16.0 70.5 6.7 

Fargo, ND-MN 78 100.0 6.4 22.9 69.5 1.2 

Greenville-Anderson-Mauldin, SC~ 452 100.0 4.9 11.6 81.7 1.9 

Hartford-West Hartford-East 

Hartford, CT~ 

551 100.0 5.2 19.4 66.5 8.9 

Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX~ 2,630 100.0 11.8 22.4 60.4 5.4 

Huntington-Ashland, WVKY-OH~ 116 100.0 6.4 18.8 69.5 5.3 

Indianapolis-Carmel-Anderson, IN~ 908 100.0 6.4 16.2 73.6 3.8 

Jackson, MS~ 265 100.0 17.2 17.8 64.0 0.9 

Kansas City, MO-KS~ 837 100.0 6.2 20.2 65.1 8.5 

Knoxville, TN~ 414 100.0 7.9 24.0 64.0 4.2 

Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise, NV 

882 100.0 6.8 22.0 63.0 8.2 

Little Rock-North Little 

Rock-Conway, AR 

334 100.0 7.2 21.1 69.1 2.6 

Los Angeles-Long 

Beach-Anaheim, CA 

4,759 100.0 9.0 14.9 67.4 8.7 

Louisville/Jefferson County, 

KY-IN~ 

626 100.0 3.0 25.0 70.4 1.6 

Manchester-Nashua, NH~ 170 100.0 5.2 10.3 75.8 8.8 

Memphis, TN-MS-AR~ 563 100.0 16.7 30.8 50.3 2.2 

Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West 

Palm Beach, FL 

2,577 100.0 8.0 17.6 59.5 14.9 
A.11 Banking Status by MSA, 2017 

For all households, row percent 

Geography 

Number of 

Households 

(1000s) 

Percent of 

Households 

Unbanked 

(Percent) 

Banked: 

Underbanked 

(Percent) 

Banked: 

Fully banked 

(Percent) 

Banked: 

Underbanked 

status unknown 

(Percent) 

Milwaukee-Waukesha-West 

Allis, WI 

582 100.0 6.6 5.3 82.2 5.9 

Minneapolis-St. 

Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI~ 

1,519 100.0 1.5 11.3 84.2 3.0 

Nashville-Davidson-Murfreesboro-Franklin, TN~ 690 100.0 5.0 18.4 65.0 11.5 

New Orleans-Metairie, LA~ 537 100.0 14.7 17.0 66.3 1.9 

New York-Newark-Jersey 

City, NY-NJ-PA~ 

8,009 100.0 7.9 18.3 64.9 8.9 

Oklahoma City, OK 520 100.0 5.7 24.5 66.3 3.5 

Omaha-Council Bluffs, 

NE-IA 

431 100.0 2.8 19.8 72.3 5.1 

Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford, FL 1,212 100.0 3.4 22.9 64.7 9.0 

Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD 2,445 100.0 5.9 22.3 66.8 5.0 

Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, 

AZ 

1,755 100.0 6.9 16.3 69.8 7.0 

Pittsburgh, PA 992 100.0 3.9 15.4 78.1 2.7 

Portland-South Portland, 

ME~ 

200 100.0 5.9 14.4 71.6 8.1 

Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA 992 100.0 3.0 15.5 70.8 10.7 

Providence-Warwick, 

RI-MA~ 

640 100.0 5.4 16.3 68.4 10.0 

Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA 1,525 100.0 9.1 22.5 61.1 7.3 

Sacramento-Roseville-Arden-Arcade, CA 1,044 100.0 3.6 16.6 74.6 5.2 

St. Louis, MO-IL~ 1,254 100.0 7.5 15.9 72.1 4.5 

Salisbury, MD-DE~ 180 100.0 8.5 30.3 58.6 2.6 

Salt Lake City, UT~ 461 100.0 3.2 19.7 74.6 2.5 

San Antonio-New Braunfels, 

TX 

1,033 100.0 10.4 25.8 55.3 8.5 

San Diego-Carlsbad, CA 1,513 100.0 3.0 19.1 71.3 6.5 

San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, CA 1,796 100.0 4.8 13.6 73.5 8.1 

San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa 

Clara, CA 

684 100.0 3.7 13.0 71.3 11.9 

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, 

WA 

1,601 100.0 1.8 18.6 73.9 5.6 

Sioux Falls, SD 120 100.0 4.9 12.8 75.7 6.6 

Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL 1,394 100.0 8.0 18.7 67.6 5.7 

Tulsa, OK 444 100.0 5.1 22.7 69.9 2.3 

Urban Honolulu, HI 373 100.0 4.1 12.7 77.4 5.8 

Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, 

VA-NC~ 

659 100.0 4.9 23.5 70.6 1.0 

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV~ 2,475 100.0 2.6 21.4 66.6 9.4 

Wichita, KS~ 340 100.0 12.9 22.2 64.2 0.8 

Worcester, MA-CT~ 390 100.0 2.6 12.0 82.0 3.4 

~ indicates areas with geographic boundary changes between the 2013 and 2015 surveys. See Appendix 1 (FDIC Technical Notes) for details. NA indicates that the 

sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not 

always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 

20
21 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

A.12 Unbanked Rates by MSA, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Geography 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

All 

MSA 

7.7 7.0 6.5 (6.2, 6.8) -0.5* (-0.9, -0.1) 

Albuquerque, NM 11.1 8.6 7.8 (5.4, 11.2) -0.8 (-4.9, 3.3) 

Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA~ 9.1 10.1 7.5 (5.3, 10.4) -2.6 (-6.3, 1.1) 

Austin-Round Rock, TX 1.3 8.6 3.8 (1.9, 7.6) -4.8 (-10.5, 0.8) 

Baltimore-Columbia-Towson, MD 5.3 5.9 1.8 (0.6, 5.1) -4.1* (-7.5, -0.7) 

Baton Rouge, LA NA 14.3 10.8 (5.9, 19.1) -3.5 (-11.6, 4.7) 

Billings, MT~ NA 8.6 5.9 (2.3, 13.9) -2.7 (-10.9, 5.5) 

Birmingham-Hoover, AL 5.7 12.3 13.3 (8.1, 21.1) 1.0 (-6.8, 8.8) 

Boise City, ID 6.9 2.6 0.9 (0.2, 3.5) -1.7 (-4.2, 0.9) 

Boston-Cambridge-Newton, 

MA-NH~ 

6.6 4.3 3.2 (2.1, 4.8) -1.1 (-3.5, 1.3) 

Burlington-South Burlington, 

VT~ 

0.6 1.7 1.7 (0.5, 6.1) 0.0 (-2.5, 2.5) 

Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia, NC-SC~ 7.7 7.3 5.3 (3.1, 8.7) -2.1 (-6.5, 2.4) 

Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, 

IL-IN-WI 

7.6 8.1 6.9 (5.3, 8.8) -1.2 (-3.7, 1.2) 

Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN~ 9.0 7.8 6.2 (2.9, 12.7) -1.6 (-7.8, 4.7) 

Cleveland-Elyria, OH 6.2 11.0 6.4 (4.1, 10.0) -4.6 (-9.7, 0.5) 

Columbus, OH~ 7.8 1.4 5.5 (2.7, 10.7) 4.1* (0.2, 8.1) 

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, 

TX~ 

8.4 5.5 6.1 (4.3, 8.5) 0.6 (-2.2, 3.3) 

Denver-Aurora-Lakewood, 

CO 

7.5 5.2 5.7 (3.2, 9.9) 0.5 (-5.7, 6.6) 

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI 8.2 8.0 6.9 (4.6, 10.2) -1.2 (-5.0, 2.7) 

Fargo, ND-MN 6.6 1.8 6.4 (3.7, 10.9) 4.6* (1.0, 8.3) 

Greenville-Anderson-Mauldin, SC~ NA 6.1 4.9 (2.5, 9.2) -1.3 (-7.9, 5.3) 

Hartford-West Hartford-East 

Hartford, CT~ 

6.4 9.3 5.2 (2.7, 9.7) -4.1 (-10.0, 1.8) 

Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX~ 11.5 10.4 11.8 (9.3, 14.7) 1.4 (-2.5, 5.3) 

Huntington-Ashland, 

WV-KY-OH~ 

NA NA 6.4 (3.5, 11.3) NA NA 

Indianapolis-CarmelAnderson, IN~ 11.0 8.5 6.4 (3.7, 11.0) -2.0 (-8.5, 4.4) 

Jackson, MS~ NA 12.5 17.2 (12.1, 23.9) 4.7 (-3.0, 12.4) 

Kansas City, MO-KS~ 12.1 5.0 6.2 (4.1, 9.5) 1.2 (-2.6, 5.1) 

Knoxville, TN~ NA NA 7.9 (4.0, 14.8) NA NA 

Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise, NV 6.9 10.1 6.8 (4.7, 9.8) -3.2 (-7.2, 0.8) 

Little Rock-North Little 

Rock-Conway, AR 

10.4 11.2 7.2 (4.5, 11.4) -4.0 (-10.0, 2.0) 

Los Angeles-Long 

Beach-Anaheim, CA 

9.6 8.6 9.0 (7.5, 10.8) 0.4 (-1.9, 2.8) 

Louisville/Jefferson County, 

KY-IN~ 

5.2 10.1 3.0 (1.3, 6.6) -7.1* (-12.5, -1.6) 

Manchester-Nashua, NH~ NA 4.3 5.2 (2.4, 10.8) 0.8 (-3.8, 5.5) 

Memphis, TN-MS-AR~ 19.5 17.2 16.7 (11.8, 23.0) -0.6 (-9.6, 8.5) 
A.12 Unbanked Rates by MSA, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Geography 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West 

Palm Beach, FL 

7.3 7.4 8.0 (5.7, 10.9) 0.5 (-3.1, 4.2) 

Milwaukee-Waukesha-West 

Allis, WI 

7.1 7.1 6.6 (3.1, 13.5) -0.4 (-6.5, 5.5) 

Minneapolis-St. 

Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI~ 

3.8 4.5 1.5 (0.6, 3.7) -3.0* (-5.5, -0.5) 

Nashville-Davidson-Murfreesboro-Franklin, TN~ 9.4 9.9 5.0 (2.7, 9.3) -4.8 (-10.2, 0.5) 

New Orleans-Metairie, LA~ 13.2 17.4 14.7 (10.0, 21.3) -2.7 (-10.8, 5.5) 

New York-Newark-Jersey 

City, NY-NJ-PA~ 

9.6 8.9 7.9 (6.6, 9.4) -1.0 (-3.0, 1.0) 

Oklahoma City, OK 8.5 13.3 5.7 (3.0, 10.4) -7.6* (-13.5, -1.6) 

Omaha-Council Bluffs, 

NE-IA 

6.5 2.9 2.8 (1.3, 5.8) -0.1 (-2.9, 2.7) 

Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford, FL 9.9 4.3 3.4 (1.7, 6.5) -0.9 (-4.7, 2.9) 

Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD 7.0 4.1 5.9 (3.5, 9.6) 1.7 (-1.7, 5.2) 

Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, 

AZ 

16.3 10.6 6.9 (4.8, 10.0) -3.7 (-7.9, 0.5) 

Pittsburgh, PA 4.9 7.3 3.9 (1.7, 8.8) -3.4 (-9.2, 2.5) 

Portland-South Portland, 

ME~ 

1.7 1.8 5.9 (2.0, 16.1) 4.1 (-1.8, 10.0) 

Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA 3.7 5.0 3.0 (1.7, 5.3) -2.0 (-4.9, 0.8) 

Providence-Warwick, RIMA~ 5.8 5.7 5.4 (3.5, 8.2) -0.3 (-3.7, 3.1) 

Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA 9.1 8.2 9.1 (6.5, 12.4) 0.9 (-3.3, 5.0) 

Sacramento-Roseville-Arden-Arcade, CA 5.8 3.5 3.6 (1.6, 7.9) 0.2 (-3.5, 3.8) 

St. Louis, MO-IL~ 4.2 8.0 7.5 (5.0, 11.1) -0.5 (-5.2, 4.2) 

Salisbury, MD-DE~ NA 10.7 8.5 (2.8, 22.9) -2.3 (-13.6, 9.0) 

Salt Lake City, UT~ 2.7 2.0 3.2 (1.6, 6.4) 1.2 (-1.5, 3.8) 

San Antonio-New Braunfels, 

TX 

8.1 11.3 10.4 (6.4, 16.6) -0.9 (-7.6, 5.9) 

San Diego-Carlsbad, CA 3.4 3.1 3.0 (1.5, 6.0) -0.1 (-3.3, 3.1) 

San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, CA 5.7 2.1 4.8 (2.9, 8.0) 2.7 (-0.1, 5.4) 

San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa 

Clara, CA 

5.0 NA 3.7 (1.6, 8.4) NA NA 

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, 

WA 

3.5 2.6 1.8 (0.9, 3.7) -0.8 (-2.8, 1.3) 

Sioux Falls, SD 4.8 1.9 4.9 (2.3, 10.2) 2.9 (-1.6, 7.5) 

Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL 4.9 4.6 8.0 (5.1, 12.4) 3.5 (-0.8, 7.7) 

Tulsa, OK 11.0 11.3 5.1 (2.6, 9.7) -6.2* (-11.7, -0.7) 

Urban Honolulu, HI 4.7 1.6 4.1 (2.4, 6.9) 2.4* (0.1, 4.7) 

Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC~ 7.8 2.9 4.9 (1.8, 12.7) 2.0 (-3.1, 7.2) 

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV~ 4.3 3.9 2.6 (1.7, 3.8) -1.3 (-3.1, 0.5) 

Wichita, KS~ 10.0 12.5 12.9 (8.6, 18.7) 0.4 (-6.8, 7.5) 

Worcester, MA-CT~ NA NA 2.6 (1.0, 6.7) NA NA 

~ indicates areas with geographic boundary changes between the 2013 and 2015 surveys. See Appendix 1 (FDIC Technical Notes) for details. * indicates differences 

that are statistically significant at the 10% level. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The 

population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 

22
23 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

A.13 Underbanked Rates by MSA, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Geography 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

All 

MSA 

20.0 19.9 18.7 (18.3, 19.1) -1.2* (-1.8, -0.6) 

Albuquerque, NM 24.4 21.6 19.0 (15.6, 23.0) -2.6 (-8.9, 3.6) 

Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA~ 27.9 26.0 27.9 (24.0, 32.2) 1.9 (-4.0, 7.9) 

Austin-Round Rock, TX 16.6 13.3 22.1 (16.6, 28.7) 8.8 (-0.5, 18.0) 

Baltimore-Columbia-Towson, MD 25.4 21.1 19.3 (14.9, 24.6) -1.8 (-8.1, 4.5) 

Baton Rouge, LA NA 23.5 16.5 (11.7, 22.7) -7.0 (-15.1, 1.0) 

Billings, MT~ NA 11.2 12.5 (8.2, 18.5) 1.3 (-4.9, 7.5) 

Birmingham-Hoover, AL 25.1 17.6 14.2 (10.3, 19.2) -3.5 (-10.0, 3.1) 

Boise City, ID 16.3 16.7 16.1 (11.9, 21.4) -0.6 (-7.6, 6.5) 

Boston-Cambridge-Newton, 

MA-NH~ 

15.3 18.0 19.1 (16.1, 22.5) 1.1 (-3.6, 5.8) 

Burlington-South Burlington, 

VT~ 

17.3 11.2 15.3 (10.6, 21.7) 4.1 (-2.6, 10.8) 

Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia, NC-SC~ 28.3 25.1 11.8 (7.9, 17.2) -13.4* (-20.5, -6.2) 

Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, 

IL-IN-WI 

13.5 14.3 13.9 (11.5, 16.6) -0.4 (-3.8, 3.0) 

Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN~ 21.5 12.2 17.4 (13.4, 22.3) 5.2 (-0.9, 11.3) 

Cleveland-Elyria, OH 17.2 8.5 18.0 (13.6, 23.5) 9.5* (3.7, 15.3) 

Columbus, OH~ 25.6 26.3 19.7 (14.3, 26.4) -6.7 (-14.8, 1.5) 

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, 

TX~ 

27.3 31.5 25.4 (22.0, 29.2) -6.1* (-11.2, -1.0) 

Denver-Aurora-Lakewood, 

CO 

16.2 16.2 15.5 (11.9, 19.9) -0.7 (-6.9, 5.5) 

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI 18.4 18.5 16.0 (12.7, 19.9) -2.5 (-7.5, 2.5) 

Fargo, ND-MN 21.9 21.3 22.9 (17.2, 29.8) 1.6 (-7.4, 10.7) 

Greenville-Anderson-Mauldin, SC~ NA 27.6 11.6 (7.1, 18.2) -16.1* (-24.8, -7.3) 

Hartford-West Hartford-East 

Hartford, CT~ 

16.6 16.3 19.4 (14.2, 25.9) 3.1 (-4.5, 10.7) 

Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX~ 29.1 21.2 22.4 (19.3, 25.8) 1.2 (-3.8, 6.2) 

Huntington-Ashland, WVKY-OH~ 

NA NA 18.8 (12.7, 27.0) NA NA 

Indianapolis-Carmel-Anderson, IN~ 18.0 21.3 16.2 (11.9, 21.6) -5.1 (-13.3, 3.1) 

Jackson, MS~ NA 25.4 17.8 (12.5, 24.8) -7.6 (-16.5, 1.3) 

Kansas City, MO-KS~ 19.4 22.1 20.2 (16.1, 25.0) -1.9 (-8.8, 5.0) 

Knoxville, TN~ NA NA 24.0 (18.7, 30.2) NA NA 

Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise, NV 25.0 29.1 22.0 (18.1, 26.6) -7.1* (-12.7, -1.4) 

Little Rock-North Little 

Rock-Conway, AR 

24.4 25.5 21.1 (15.9, 27.3) -4.5 (-12.3, 3.4) 

Los Angeles-Long 

Beach-Anaheim, CA 

17.5 19.7 14.9 (12.7, 17.5) -4.8* (-8.3, -1.2) 

Louisville/Jefferson County, 

KY-IN~ 

25.8 17.7 25.0 (18.6, 32.7) 7.3 (-1.8, 16.4) 

Manchester-Nashua, NH~ NA 21.4 10.3 (6.8, 15.2) -11.2* (-18.5, -3.9) 

Memphis, TN-MS-AR~ 24.2 21.0 30.8 (24.6, 37.8) 9.8* (0.8, 18.8) 

Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West 

Palm Beach, FL 

13.9 18.0 17.6 (14.5, 21.3) -0.3 (-5.2, 4.6) 

Milwaukee-Waukesha-West 

Allis, WI 

10.8 14.2 5.3 (2.8, 9.8) -8.9* (-14.2, -3.6) 
A.13 Underbanked Rates by MSA, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Geography 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

Minneapolis-St. 

Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI~ 

12.6 13.7 11.3 (8.5, 14.8) -2.5 (-7.5, 2.5) 

Nashville-Davidson-Murfreesboro-Franklin, TN~ 18.4 16.5 18.4 (14.3, 23.4) 1.8 (-4.9, 8.6) 

New Orleans-Metairie, LA~ 16.7 16.5 17.0 (12.8, 22.4) 0.5 (-5.9, 7.0) 

New York-Newark-Jersey 

City, NY-NJ-PA~ 

19.5 21.0 18.3 (16.6, 20.1) -2.7* (-5.0, -0.5) 

Oklahoma City, OK 24.0 26.7 24.5 (18.9, 31.2) -2.2 (-11.0, 6.6) 

Omaha-Council Bluffs, 

NE-IA 

23.3 27.2 19.8 (15.9, 24.3) -7.4 (-14.9, 0.0) 

Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford, FL 25.2 22.8 22.9 (17.7, 29.2) 0.2 (-8.2, 8.5) 

Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD 21.7 19.0 22.3 (18.8, 26.3) 3.4 (-1.9, 8.6) 

Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, 

AZ 

14.8 17.3 16.3 (13.4, 19.6) -1.0 (-5.9, 3.8) 

Pittsburgh, PA 22.9 22.7 15.4 (11.6, 20.1) -7.4* (-14.5, -0.2) 

Portland-South Portland, 

ME~ 

12.8 17.8 14.4 (10.3, 19.8) -3.4 (-10.7, 3.9) 

Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA 16.8 18.6 15.5 (12.2, 19.6) -3.1 (-8.3, 2.1) 

Providence-Warwick, RIMA~ 15.7 15.8 16.3 (13.4, 19.6) 0.5 (-4.8, 5.8) 

Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA 18.4 19.8 22.5 (18.4, 27.3) 2.8 (-3.5, 9.1) 

Sacramento-Roseville-Arden-Arcade, CA 21.8 16.7 16.6 (12.0, 22.6) -0.1 (-7.7, 7.5) 

St. Louis, MO-IL~ 19.2 16.2 15.9 (12.8, 19.6) -0.3 (-5.4, 4.7) 

Salisbury, MD-DE~ NA 9.8 30.3 (19.2, 44.2) 20.5* (6.8, 34.1) 

Salt Lake City, UT~ 14.3 21.9 19.7 (14.9, 25.6) -2.1 (-9.9, 5.7) 

San Antonio-New Braunfels, 

TX 

27.6 31.3 25.8 (20.8, 31.5) -5.5 (-14.9, 4.0) 

San Diego-Carlsbad, CA 18.2 20.6 19.1 (14.9, 24.3) -1.5 (-7.7, 4.7) 

San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, CA 12.6 16.5 13.6 (10.2, 17.8) -2.9 (-7.7, 1.9) 

San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa 

Clara, CA 

12.7 NA 13.0 (8.7, 19.1) NA NA 

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, 

WA 

15.7 18.5 18.6 (15.0, 22.8) 0.1 (-5.6, 5.8) 

Sioux Falls, SD 18.6 19.0 12.8 (9.1, 17.7) -6.3 (-14.2, 1.7) 

Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL 19.8 16.6 18.7 (14.4, 23.9) 2.1 (-4.1, 8.3) 

Tulsa, OK 21.4 28.4 22.7 (18.0, 28.2) -5.7 (-13.8, 2.4) 

Urban Honolulu, HI 19.7 18.8 12.7 (9.5, 16.7) -6.1* (-11.2, -1.0) 

Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC~ 28.5 29.3 23.5 (17.4, 30.9) -5.8 (-16.1, 4.4) 

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV~ 19.8 21.5 21.4 (18.3, 24.9) -0.1 (-4.1, 3.9) 

Wichita, KS~ 23.1 21.4 22.2 (15.9, 30.0) 0.8 (-8.8, 10.4) 

Worcester, MA-CT~ NA NA 12.0 (8.3, 17.1) NA NA 

~ indicates areas with geographic boundary changes between the 2013 and 2015 surveys. See Appendix 1 (FDIC Technical Notes) for details. * indicates differences 

that are statistically significant at the 10% level. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The 

population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 

24
25 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

A.14 Fully Banked Rates by MSA, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Geography 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

All 

MSA 

67.0 68.0 68.4 (67.9, 68.9) 0.4 (-0.3, 1.1) 

Albuquerque, NM 60.3 67.1 69.8 (64.6, 74.6) 2.8 (-5.1, 10.6) 

Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA~ 57.8 61.0 58.1 (53.3, 62.7) -2.9 (-9.6, 3.8) 

Austin-Round Rock, TX 77.7 71.5 70.5 (62.6, 77.4) -1.0 (-11.3, 9.3) 

Baltimore-Columbia-Towson, MD 65.3 66.9 75.1 (69.3, 80.2) 8.2* (0.1, 16.4) 

Baton Rouge, LA NA 55.9 69.0 (61.5, 75.7) 13.2* (1.9, 24.4) 

Billings, MT~ NA 79.5 80.9 (72.6, 87.2) 1.4 (-8.7, 11.5) 

Birmingham-Hoover, AL 64.0 63.3 62.8 (54.6, 70.2) -0.5 (-10.4, 9.3) 

Boise City, ID 74.5 79.5 79.5 (74.1, 84.0) 0.0 (-7.4, 7.4) 

Boston-Cambridge-Newton, 

MA-NH~ 

73.9 72.2 67.2 (63.4, 70.9) -4.9 (-10.5, 0.7) 

Burlington-South Burlington, VT~ 77.0 83.3 75.7 (68.6, 81.7) -7.6 (-16.0, 0.8) 

Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia, NC-SC~ 61.9 66.2 73.4 (67.4, 78.7) 7.2 (-1.2, 15.6) 

Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, 

IL-IN-WI 

72.4 71.7 72.7 (69.4, 75.8) 1.1 (-3.2, 5.3) 

Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN~ 60.9 76.1 69.8 (62.6, 76.2) -6.3 (-15.4, 2.7) 

Cleveland-Elyria, OH 70.2 76.0 70.8 (64.5, 76.3) -5.2 (-13.2, 2.7) 

Columbus, OH~ 65.4 67.6 72.7 (65.2, 79.0) 5.1 (-3.8, 13.9) 

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, 

TX~ 

60.4 60.6 62.1 (57.9, 66.0) 1.4 (-4.3, 7.2) 

Denver-Aurora-Lakewood, 

CO 

73.7 75.9 71.0 (65.0, 76.3) -4.9 (-14.2, 4.3) 

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, 

MI 

64.0 70.0 70.5 (65.5, 75.1) 0.5 (-5.8, 6.7) 

Fargo, ND-MN 70.3 75.7 69.5 (62.3, 75.9) -6.2 (-15.7, 3.3) 

Greenville-Anderson-Mauldin, SC~ NA 65.3 81.7 (73.3, 87.9) 16.4* (5.7, 27.0) 

Hartford-West Hartford-East 

Hartford, CT~ 

73.5 71.9 66.5 (57.8, 74.1) -5.4 (-16.4, 5.6) 

Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX~ 55.2 60.2 60.4 (56.1, 64.6) 0.2 (-6.1, 6.5) 

Huntington-Ashland, WVKY-OH~ NA NA 69.5 (60.5, 77.3) NA NA 

Indianapolis-Carmel-Anderson, IN~ 70.4 66.4 73.6 (66.8, 79.4) 7.3 (-1.6, 16.1) 

Jackson, MS~ NA 58.3 64.0 (57.6, 70.1) 5.7 (-4.3, 15.8) 

Kansas City, MO-KS~ 65.6 69.1 65.1 (59.2, 70.6) -3.9 (-12.2, 4.3) 

Knoxville, TN~ NA NA 64.0 (56.1, 71.1) NA NA 

Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise, NV 62.0 55.1 63.0 (58.1, 67.6) 7.8* (0.8, 14.9) 

Little Rock-North Little 

Rock-Conway, AR 

63.9 62.7 69.1 (62.1, 75.4) 6.4 (-1.9, 14.7) 

Los Angeles-Long 

Beach-Anaheim, CA 

67.4 61.7 67.4 (64.3, 70.3) 5.7* (1.2, 10.2) 

Louisville/Jefferson County, 

KY-IN~ 

66.2 71.6 70.4 (62.6, 77.2) -1.2 (-11.2, 8.8) 

Manchester-Nashua, NH~ NA 73.5 75.8 (69.6, 81.0) 2.3 (-6.2, 10.8) 
A.14 Fully Banked Rates by MSA, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Geography 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

Memphis, TN-MS-AR~ 48.7 54.5 50.3 (42.7, 57.9) -4.2 (-15.3, 6.9) 

Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West 

Palm Beach, FL 

66.1 65.9 59.5 (54.7, 64.1) -6.4* (-12.6, -0.3) 

Milwaukee-Waukesha-West 

Allis, WI 

76.8 75.4 82.2 (75.2, 87.5) 6.7 (-1.5, 15.0) 

Minneapolis-St. 

Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI~ 

81.5 77.6 84.2 (79.8, 87.8) 6.6* (0.3, 12.8) 

Nashville-Davidson-Murfreesboro-Franklin, TN~ 68.5 71.2 65.0 (58.6, 71.0) -6.1 (-15.3, 3.0) 

New Orleans-Metairie, LA~ 66.2 64.8 66.3 (59.3, 72.6) 1.5 (-7.3, 10.4) 

New York-Newark-Jersey 

City, NY-NJ-PA~ 

64.3 60.8 64.9 (62.5, 67.2) 4.1* (0.9, 7.2) 

Oklahoma City, OK 64.5 58.6 66.3 (58.7, 73.1) 7.7 (-3.2, 18.6) 

Omaha-Council Bluffs, 

NE-IA 

66.7 63.9 72.3 (66.9, 77.0) 8.4* (0.1, 16.6) 

Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford, FL 57.1 61.6 64.7 (58.1, 70.8) 3.1 (-7.1, 13.2) 

Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD 64.3 73.0 66.8 (62.3, 71.0) -6.2* (-11.8, -0.5) 

Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, 

AZ 

63.7 65.8 69.8 (65.4, 73.8) 4.0 (-2.6, 10.5) 

Pittsburgh, PA 69.7 67.4 78.1 (72.7, 82.6) 10.6* (3.1, 18.2) 

Portland-South Portland, 

ME~ 

80.1 71.7 71.6 (63.8, 78.3) -0.1 (-9.5, 9.3) 

Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA 74.9 67.4 70.8 (65.9, 75.2) 3.4 (-2.6, 9.4) 

Providence-Warwick, 

RI-MA~ 

67.9 68.1 68.4 (64.1, 72.4) 0.3 (-6.8, 7.3) 

Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA 64.9 68.5 61.1 (55.5, 66.4) -7.4 (-14.9, 0.1) 

Sacramento-Roseville-Arden-Arcade, CA 71.5 76.3 74.6 (68.7, 79.7) -1.7 (-10.1, 6.7) 

St. Louis, MO-IL~ 72.7 71.5 72.1 (67.5, 76.3) 0.6 (-6.4, 7.6) 

Salisbury, MD-DE~ NA 75.2 58.6 (45.4, 70.8) -16.5 (-35.6, 2.6) 

Salt Lake City, UT~ 80.8 73.6 74.6 (68.0, 80.3) 1.0 (-7.6, 9.5) 

San Antonio-New Braunfels, 

TX 

62.0 54.3 55.3 (49.0, 61.4) 0.9 (-9.9, 11.8) 

San Diego-Carlsbad, CA 70.4 68.1 71.3 (64.8, 77.0) 3.2 (-4.9, 11.2) 

San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, CA 74.3 75.7 73.5 (68.2, 78.2) -2.2 (-8.2, 3.9) 

San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa 

Clara, CA 

77.4 NA 71.3 (63.4, 78.2) NA NA 

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, 

WA 

77.4 75.8 73.9 (69.4, 78.0) -1.9 (-8.0, 4.2) 

Sioux Falls, SD 69.3 74.8 75.7 (69.2, 81.3) 0.9 (-9.4, 11.3) 

Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL 69.9 73.4 67.6 (62.1, 72.7) -5.7 (-12.9, 1.5) 

Tulsa, OK 66.6 58.9 69.9 (63.8, 75.4) 11.1* (1.3, 20.9) 

Urban Honolulu, HI 68.6 74.2 77.4 (72.7, 81.5) 3.2 (-2.8, 9.2) 

Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, 

VA-NC~ 

56.8 63.4 70.6 (62.2, 77.8) 7.2 (-3.5, 18.0) 

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV~ 69.4 69.7 66.6 (62.8, 70.2) -3.1 (-8.2, 2.0) 

Wichita, KS~ 63.1 66.2 64.2 (57.0, 70.8) -2.0 (-12.6, 8.7) 

Worcester, MA-CT~ NA NA 82.0 (75.6, 87.0) NA NA 

~ indicates areas with geographic boundary changes between the 2013 and 2015 surveys. See Appendix 1 (FDIC Technical Notes) for details. * indicates differences 

that are statistically significant at the 10% level. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The 

population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 

26
27 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

A.15 Proportion of Unbanked Households Not at All Likely to Open an Account by Previous Banking 

Status and Household Characteristics, 2013-2017 

For all unbanked households 

Characteristics 2013

 (Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

All 

Previously banked 

Once had bank account 

Never had bank account 

Unknown 

Family income 

Less than $15,000 

$15,000 to $30,000 

$30,000 to $50,000 

$50,000 to $75,000 

At least $75,000 

Education 

No high school diploma 

High school diploma 

Some college 

College degree 

Age group 

15 to 24 years 

25 to 34 years 

35 to 44 years 

45 to 54 years 

55 to 64 years 

65 years or more 

Race/Ethnicity 

Black 

Hispanic 

Asian 

White 

Other 

Disability status 

Disabled, age 25 to 64 

Not disabled, age 25 to 64 

Not applicable (not age 25 

to 64) 

Monthly income 

volatility 

Income was about the same 

each month 

Income varied somewhat 

from month to month 

Income varied a lot from 

month to month 

Unknown 

40.0 

30.3 

48.4 

NA 

41.4 

36.7 

39.0 

NA 

NA 

46.8 

35.7 

35.8 

40.0 

28.7 

30.9 

35.9 

42.8 

51.4 

63.6 

35.9 

40.0 

NA 

43.5 

NA 

51.4 

33.9 

45.7 

52.2 

41.1 

62.7 

NA 

53.5 

52.1 

49.4 

NA 

NA 

58.0 

49.5 

46.9 

53.3 

32.1 

45.3 

50.7 

55.6 

62.2 

70.5 

48.2 

52.3 

NA 

56.2 

NA 

59.4 

49.5 

51.6 

54.7 

41.7 

49.3 

64.2 

58.7 

51.6 

65.2 

NA 

62.3 

56.9 

57.8 

NA 

NA 

65.0 

59.0 

51.3 

48.6 

50.6 

49.5 

55.4 

56.4 

65.4 

76.1 

53.8 

64.2 

NA 

59.4 

NA 

67.8 

50.9 

67.6 

62.8 

50.1 

43.4 

59.4 

(56.3, 60.9) 

(48.3, 54.9) 

(62.2, 68.0) 

NA 

(59.0, 65.5) 

(52.4, 61.3) 

(52.8, 62.6) 

NA 

NA 

(61.4, 68.6) 

(55.3, 62.7) 

(46.5, 56.2) 

(40.6, 56.7) 

(41.5, 59.6) 

(44.5, 54.5) 

(51.0, 59.7) 

(51.4, 61.2) 

(60.1, 70.3) 

(71.3, 80.2) 

(50.0, 57.5) 

(60.0, 68.2) 

NA 

(56.1, 62.6) 

NA 

(64.0, 71.5) 

(47.9, 54.0) 

(63.0, 71.8) 

(60.1, 65.4) 

(44.9, 55.3) 

(36.3, 50.8) 

(50.3, 67.8) 

6.5* 

10.4* 

2.4 

NA 

8.8* 

4.7 

8.4* 

NA 

NA 

7.1* 

9.5* 

4.4 

-4.7 

18.5* 

4.1 

4.7 

0.7 

3.2 

5.5 

5.6* 

11.9* 

NA 

3.3 

NA 

8.5* 

1.4 

16.0* 

8.1* 

8.3* 

-5.9 

-4.9 

(3.1, 9.8) 

(5.9, 15.0) 

(-1.9, 6.7) 

NA 

(4.1, 13.5) 

(-1.3, 10.8) 

(0.6, 16.2) 

NA 

NA 

(2.0, 12.2) 

(4.3, 14.7) 

(-1.9, 10.7) 

(-17.7, 8.3) 

(7.2, 29.7) 

(-2.5, 10.8) 

(-1.6, 11.1) 

(-6.6, 8.1) 

(-4.3, 10.6) 

(-2.1, 13.1) 

(0.3, 10.9) 

(6.5, 17.3) 

NA 

(-1.4, 7.9) 

NA 

(2.3, 14.6) 

(-2.9, 5.7) 

(9.3, 22.7) 

(4.3, 12.0) 

(1.1, 15.6) 

(-15.7, 3.9) 

(-16.2, 6.5) 
A.15 Proportion of Unbanked Households Not at All Likely to Open an Account by Previous Banking 

Status and Household Characteristics, 2013-2017 

For all unbanked households 

Characteristics 2013

 (Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

Employment status 

Employed 

Unemployed 

Not in labor force 

Homeownership 

Homeowner 

Non-homeowner 

Household type 

Married couple 

Unmarried female-headed 

family 

Unmarried male-headed 

family 

Female individual 

Male individual 

Other 

Nativity 

U.S.-born 

Foreign-born citizen 

Foreign-born non-citizen 

Spanish only language 

spoken 

Spanish is not only language spoken 

Spanish is only language 

spoken 

Metropolitan status 

Metropolitan area - principal 

city 

Metropolitan area - balance 

Not in metropolitan area 

Not identified 

Geographic region 

Northeast 

Midwest 

South 

West 

35.9 

22.4 

49.4 

43.1 

39.2 

37.4 

29.7 

35.1 

51.3 

49.9 

NA 

39.2 

48.5 

41.2 

39.2 

47.0 

39.2 

38.6 

44.4 

39.6 

36.8 

40.2 

39.2 

43.6 

48.3 

34.2 

59.6 

60.0 

50.2 

49.1 

46.6 

57.1 

59.3 

56.0 

NA 

52.1 

NA 

52.4 

51.7 

57.0 

48.5 

55.8 

53.0 

54.0 

56.7 

49.5 

50.1 

55.8 

54.7 

26.7 

67.3 

60.7 

58.1 

55.5 

49.6 

58.7 

65.9 

66.3 

NA 

57.4 

NA 

65.9 

57.0 

68.6 

57.1 

58.6 

62.9 

58.8 

59.7 

55.9 

57.1 

63.5 

(51.1, 58.2) 

(20.3, 34.2) 

(64.4, 70.1) 

(55.9, 65.3) 

(55.4, 60.7) 

(51.2, 59.8) 

(45.4, 53.8) 

(50.0, 66.9) 

(61.2, 70.3) 

(61.8, 70.5) 

NA 

(54.9, 59.9) 

NA 

(60.0, 71.3) 

(54.6, 59.4) 

(62.9, 73.8) 

(53.0, 61.1) 

(54.7, 62.4) 

(57.5, 68.0) 

(52.3, 65.1) 

(53.1, 66.0) 

(51.5, 60.2) 

(53.9, 60.4) 

(59.0, 67.8) 

6.3* 

-7.5 

7.7* 

0.6 

7.9* 

6.4 

3.0 

1.6 

6.6* 

10.3* 

NA 

5.3* 

NA 

13.4* 

5.4* 

11.6* 

8.6* 

2.7 

9.9* 

4.8 

3.0 

6.4 

7.0* 

7.7* 

(1.3, 11.4) 

(-16.2, 1.1) 

(3.1, 12.3) 

(-5.9, 7.2) 

(4.2, 11.7) 

(-0.1, 12.9) 

(-2.5, 8.5) 

(-9.8, 13.0) 

(0.2, 13.0) 

(4.1, 16.4) 

NA 

(1.7, 8.9) 

NA 

(5.8, 21.1) 

(1.8, 8.9) 

(3.5, 19.6) 

(3.0, 14.1) 

(-2.8, 8.3) 

(2.5, 17.2) 

(-3.8, 13.4) 

(-5.1, 11.2) 

(-0.3, 13.1) 

(2.6, 11.4) 

(1.1, 14.2) 

Excludes households with missing information on likelihood of opening a bank account in next 12 months. Monthly income volatility is not available in 2013. 

* indicates differences that are statistically significant at the 10% level. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an 

estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 

28
29 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

A.16 All Reasons Households Were Unbanked by Previous Banking Status, 2017 

For all unbanked households, column percent 

Characteristics All Once had bank account Never had bank account 

Number of Households (1000s) 8,433 3,854 4,353 

Percent of Households 

Inconvenient hours (Percent) 

100.0 100.0 100.0 

Yes 9.4 11.0 8.3 

No 85.3 86.9 87.8 

Unknown 

Inconvenient locations (Percent) 

5.3 2.1 3.9 

Yes 9.2 10.2 8.6 

No 85.3 88.0 86.9 

Unknown 

Account fees too high (Percent) 

5.4 1.9 4.4 

Yes 24.7 29.9 21.1 

No 69.4 67.9 73.6 

Unknown 

Account fees unpredictable (Percent) 

5.9 2.2 5.3 

Yes 20.2 24.9 17.0 

No 73.4 72.5 77.3 

Unknown 

Banks do not offer needed products or services (Percent) 

6.5 2.6 5.7 

Yes 13.1 13.8 13.2 

No 80.2 83.4 80.8 

Unknown 

Do not trust banks (Percent) 

6.7 2.8 6.0 

Yes 30.2 28.5 32.6 

No 63.6 69.1 61.6 

Unknown 

Do not have enough money to keep in account (Percent) 

6.2 2.4 5.8 

Yes 52.7 53.4 54.5 

No 39.7 43.4 38.1 

Unknown 

Avoiding bank gives more privacy (Percent) 

7.6 3.2 7.4 

Yes 28.2 29.9 28.1 

No 63.3 66.0 63.7 

Unknown 

ID, credit, or former bank account problems (Percent) 

8.5 4.2 8.2 

Yes 14.0 13.2 15.3 

No 77.0 82.9 75.3 

Unknown 9.0 3.8 9.4 
A.16 All Reasons Households Were Unbanked by Previous Banking Status, 2017 

For all unbanked households, column percent 

Characteristics All Once had bank account Never had bank account 

Other reason (Percent) 

Yes 

No 

Unknown 

14.9 

76.9 

8.2 

19.7 

76.4 

3.9 

11.3 

80.8 

7.9 

NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than 

zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 

A.17 Main Reason Households Were Unbanked by Previous Banking Status, 2017 

For all unbanked households, column percent 

Characteristics All Once had bank account Never had bank account 

Number of Households (1000s) 8,433 3,854 4,353 

Percent of Households 100.0 100.0 100.0 

Main reason unbanked (Percent) 

Inconvenient hours 4.1 4.6 3.7 

Inconvenient locations 2.1 2.7 1.7 

Account fees too high 8.6 10.9 6.7 

Account fees unpredictable 1.3 2.3 0.5 

Banks do not offer needed products or services 1.6 1.6 1.7 

Do not trust banks 12.6 11.2 14.1 

Do not have enough money to keep in account 34.0 33.9 35.9 

Avoiding bank gives more privacy 3.0 2.4 3.7 

ID, credit, or former bank account problems 4.9 5.1 5.0 

Other reason 12.3 16.7 9.0 

Unknown 15.5 8.6 17.9 

NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than 

zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 

30
31 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

A.18 All Reasons Households Were Unbanked by Likelihood of Opening an Account, 2017 

For all unbanked households, column percent 

Characteristics All Very likely Somewhat likely Not very likely Not at all likely 

Number of Households (1000s) 8,433 728 1,195 1,252 4,507 

Percent of Households 

Inconvenient hours (Percent) 

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

Yes 9.4 11.7 8.1 9.6 10.2 

No 85.3 88.3 91.2 89.3 89.1 

Unknown 

Inconvenient locations 

(Percent) 

5.3 - 0.7 1.0 0.7 

Yes 9.2 11.1 7.7 8.1 10.3 

No 85.3 88.9 91.6 90.8 89.0 

Unknown 

Account fees too high 

(Percent) 

5.4 - 0.6 1.0 0.7 

Yes 24.7 27.9 30.7 26.8 24.3 

No 69.4 72.1 68.6 71.6 75.0 

Unknown 

Account fees unpredictable 

(Percent) 

5.9 - 0.7 1.6 0.7 

Yes 20.2 21.4 23.6 22.5 20.4 

No 73.4 78.6 75.7 75.9 78.3 

Unknown 

Banks do not offer needed 

products or services (Percent) 

6.5 - 0.7 1.6 1.4 

Yes 13.1 10.1 10.2 14.3 16.0 

No 80.2 89.9 89.1 83.8 82.8 

Unknown 

Do not trust banks (Percent) 

6.7 - 0.7 1.9 1.2 

Yes 30.2 21.0 24.7 31.5 36.2 

No 63.6 79.0 75.0 67.6 62.9 

Unknown 

Do not have enough money to 

keep in account (Percent) 

6.2 - 0.4 0.8 1.0 

Yes 52.7 55.8 59.4 61.1 54.4 

No 39.7 44.2 39.4 37.2 44.2 

Unknown 

Avoiding bank gives more 

privacy (Percent) 

7.6 - 1.2 1.7 1.3 

Yes 28.2 26.1 24.8 32.2 31.9 

No 63.3 73.8 73.5 66.1 65.5 

Unknown 8.5 0.2 1.7 1.7 2.6 
 

A.18 All Reasons Households Were Unbanked by Likelihood of Opening an Account, 2017 

For all unbanked households, column percent 

Characteristics All Very likely Somewhat likely Not very likely Not at all likely 

ID, credit, or former bank 

account problems (Percent) 

Yes 

No 

Unknown 

Other reason (Percent) 

Yes 

No 

Unknown 

14.0 

77.0 

9.0 

14.9 

76.9 

8.2 

14.2 

85.8 

-

17.8 

82.2 

-

13.6 

84.8 

1.6 

11.6 

86.7 

1.7 

17.1 

81.1 

1.7 

15.8 

83.0 

1.1 

15.1 

82.7 

2.2 

17.2 

81.7 

1.1 

NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than 

zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 

A.19 Main Reason Households Were Unbanked by Likelihood of Opening an Account, 2017 

For all unbanked households, column percent 

Characteristics All Very likely Somewhat likely Not very likely Not at all likely 

Number of Households (1000s) 8,433 728 1,195 1,252 4,507 

Percent of Households 

Main reason unbanked 

(Percent) 

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

Inconvenient hours 4.1 4.8 2.3 2.8 4.8 

Inconvenient locations 2.1 5.4 1.7 2.1 2.0 

Account fees too high 8.6 10.2 12.8 8.4 7.8 

Account fees unpredictable 1.3 2.9 0.8 2.5 1.0 

Banks do not offer needed products or services 1.6 - 2.2 2.9 1.6 

Do not trust banks 12.6 6.5 8.3 9.4 16.8 

Do not have enough money to 

keep in account 

34.0 38.6 37.7 41.0 34.3 

Avoiding bank gives more privacy 3.0 2.3 2.0 3.2 3.6 

ID, credit, or former bank account 

problems 

4.9 7.2 5.5 5.8 4.9 

Other reason 12.3 17.3 9.8 12.1 14.0 

Unknown 15.5 4.9 16.8 9.8 9.1 

NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than 

zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 

32
33 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

B.1 Types of Accounts Owned by Banked Households, 2017 

For all banked households, row percent 

Characteristics 

Number of 

Households 

(1000s) 

Percent of 

Households 

Checking 

and savings 

(Percent) 

Savings only 

(Percent) 

Checking only 

(Percent) 

All 

Family income 

118,253 100.0 76.2 1.8 22.0 

Less than $15,000 11,505 100.0 46.8 6.0 47.2 

$15,000 to $30,000 16,970 100.0 58.1 3.1 38.8 

$30,000 to $50,000 23,697 100.0 72.0 1.8 26.2 

$50,000 to $75,000 22,931 100.0 82.2 1.1 16.8 

At least $75,000 

Education 

43,151 100.0 90.4 0.6 9.0 

No high school diploma 9,421 100.0 46.4 6.3 47.3 

High school diploma 29,429 100.0 68.3 2.3 29.3 

Some college 34,583 100.0 76.9 1.3 21.7 

College degree 

Age group 

44,820 100.0 87.1 0.9 12.0 

15 to 24 years 5,797 100.0 72.6 1.7 25.7 

25 to 34 years 18,779 100.0 78.6 1.3 20.1 

35 to 44 years 19,502 100.0 78.6 1.5 19.9 

45 to 54 years 21,247 100.0 78.1 1.9 20.0 

55 to 64 years 22,558 100.0 75.6 1.9 22.5 

65 years or more 

Race/Ethnicity 

30,371 100.0 73.1 2.2 24.7 

Black 14,595 100.0 68.0 3.7 28.4 

Hispanic 14,005 100.0 65.1 3.1 31.9 

Asian 6,385 100.0 78.6 2.1 19.3 

White 81,538 100.0 79.6 1.2 19.1 

Other 

Disability status 

1,730 100.0 67.5 2.8 29.7 

Disabled, age 25 to 64 9,037 100.0 57.4 4.1 38.6 

Not disabled, age 25 to 64 73,048 100.0 80.1 1.4 18.5 

Not applicable (not age 25 to 64) 

Monthly income volatility 

36,168 100.0 73.0 2.1 24.8 

Income was about the same each 

month 86,178 100.0 76.4 1.9 21.7 

Income varied somewhat from 

month to month 19,405 100.0 77.2 1.4 21.4 

Income varied a lot from month to 

month 4,308 100.0 72.1 2.6 25.3 

Unknown 

Employment status 

8,362 100.0 74.7 1.4 24.0 

Employed 74,424 100.0 80.4 1.3 18.3 

Unemployed 2,694 100.0 66.1 3.3 30.6 

Not in labor force 41,135 100.0 69.4 2.7 27.9 
B.1 Types of Accounts Owned by Banked Households, 2017 

For all banked households, row percent 

Characteristics 

Number of 

Households 

(1000s) 

Percent of 

Households 

Checking 

and savings 

(Percent) 

Savings only 

(Percent) 

Checking only 

(Percent) 

Homeownership 

Homeowner 

Non-homeowner 

Household type 

Married couple 

Unmarried female-headed family 

Unmarried male-headed family 

Female individual 

Male individual 

Other 

Nativity 

U.S.-born 

Foreign-born citizen 

Foreign-born non-citizen 

Spanish only language spoken 

Spanish is not only language 

spoken 

Spanish is only language spoken 

Metropolitan status 

Metropolitan area - principal city 

Metropolitan area - balance 

Not in metropolitan area 

Not identified 

Geographic region 

Northeast 

Midwest 

South 

West 

78,910 

39,343 

58,518 

12,509 

5,800 

21,906 

19,270 

NA 

101,734 

9,371 

7,148 

114,600 

3,653 

33,973 

51,706 

15,833 

16,741 

20,814 

25,733 

44,629 

27,078 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

NA 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

81.7 

65.2 

84.0 

66.8 

67.3 

70.0 

68.6 

NA 

77.5 

72.9 

63.1 

77.2 

46.0 

76.9 

79.2 

67.7 

74.0 

77.6 

77.1 

72.5 

80.4 

1.2 

3.0 

1.0 

2.2 

2.7 

2.6 

2.8 

NA 

1.7 

1.8 

4.0 

1.6 

7.1 

2.0 

1.4 

2.6 

2.1 

2.2 

1.8 

1.9 

1.5 

17.0 

31.8 

15.0 

31.0 

30.0 

27.4 

28.6 

NA 

20.9 

25.3 

32.9 

21.2 

46.9 

21.1 

19.5 

29.7 

23.9 

20.2 

21.0 

25.6 

18.2 

Excludes households with missing information on bank account types. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an 

estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 

34
35 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

B.2 Savings Account Ownership Rates by Household Characteristics, Banked Households, 2013-2017 

For all banked households 

Characteristics 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, Difference 

All 

Family income 

76.0 77.8 78.0 (77.6, 78.5) 0.3 (-0.4, 1.0) 

Less than $15,000 51.5 52.6 52.8 (51.1, 54.5) 0.2 (-2.1, 2.6) 

$15,000 to $30,000 62.1 62.9 61.2 (59.7, 62.7) -1.8 (-3.6, 0.1) 

$30,000 to $50,000 73.7 75.3 73.8 (72.8, 74.8) -1.5* (-2.8, -0.2) 

$50,000 to $75,000 82.3 83.2 83.2 (82.4, 84.0) 0.0 (-1.2, 1.3) 

At least $75,000 

Education 

90.5 91.6 91.0 (90.4, 91.5) -0.7 (-1.3, 0.0) 

No high school diploma 54.4 53.8 52.7 (50.7, 54.6) -1.2 (-3.7, 1.3) 

High school diploma 68.4 69.1 70.7 (69.6, 71.7) 1.6* (0.1, 3.1) 

Some college 76.7 79.2 78.3 (77.5, 79.0) -0.9 (-2.0, 0.2) 

College degree 

Age group 

86.8 88.7 88.0 (87.5, 88.6) -0.6 (-1.4, 0.1) 

15 to 24 years 72.0 75.5 74.3 (71.9, 76.6) -1.2 (-4.7, 2.3) 

25 to 34 years 77.6 79.9 79.9 (78.9, 80.9) 0.0 (-1.6, 1.7) 

35 to 44 years 77.3 79.9 80.1 (78.9, 81.2) 0.2 (-1.3, 1.7) 

45 to 54 years 77.9 79.2 80.0 (79.0, 80.9) 0.8 (-0.6, 2.2) 

55 to 64 years 75.7 76.8 77.5 (76.4, 78.6) 0.7 (-0.7, 2.2) 

65 years or more 

Race/Ethnicity 

73.6 75.1 75.3 (74.4, 76.2) 0.3 (-0.9, 1.4) 

Black 67.4 70.7 71.6 (70.0, 73.2) 1.0 (-1.3, 3.2) 

Hispanic 66.3 68.2 68.1 (66.4, 69.9) 0.0 (-2.6, 2.5) 

Asian 81.2 81.2 80.7 (78.5, 82.7) -0.5 (-3.3, 2.2) 

White 78.7 80.4 80.9 (80.3, 81.4) 0.4 (-0.3, 1.1) 

Other 

Disability status 

67.2 72.3 70.3 (66.4, 73.9) -2.0 (-7.3, 3.3) 

Disabled, age 25 to 64 58.4 58.6 61.4 (59.6, 63.2) 2.9* (0.3, 5.4) 

Not disabled, age 25 to 64 79.4 81.5 81.5 (81.0, 82.1) 0.1 (-0.8, 0.9) 

Not applicable (not age 25 to 64) 

Monthly income volatility 

73.3 75.1 75.2 (74.3, 76.0) 0.0 (-1.1, 1.1) 

Income was about the same each 

month 78.0 78.3 (77.7, 78.8) 0.3 (-0.5, 1.0) 

Income varied somewhat from 

month to month 79.4 78.6 (77.5, 79.6) -0.8 (-2.4, 0.7) 

Income varied a lot from month to 

month 73.8 74.7 (72.4, 76.9) 1.0 (-2.3, 4.2) 

Unknown 

Employment status 

73.1 76.0 (74.1, 77.9) 3.0* (0.3, 5.6) 

Employed 79.8 81.9 81.7 (81.1, 82.2) -0.3 (-1.0, 0.5) 

Unemployed 67.8 70.6 69.4 (66.1, 72.4) -1.2 (-5.4, 3.0) 

Not in labor force 70.0 70.8 72.1 (71.2, 73.0) 1.3* (0.1, 2.5) 
B.2 Savings Account Ownership Rates by Household Characteristics, Banked Households, 2013-2017 

For all banked households 

Characteristics 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, Difference 

Homeownership 

Homeowner 

Non-homeowner 

Household type 

Married couple 

Unmarried female-headed family 

Unmarried male-headed family 

Female individual 

Male individual 

Other 

Nativity 

U.S.-born 

Foreign-born citizen 

Foreign-born non-citizen 

Spanish only language spoken 

Spanish is not only language spoken 

Spanish is only language spoken 

Metropolitan status 

Metropolitan area - principal city 

Metropolitan area - balance 

Not in metropolitan area 

Not identified 

Geographic region 

Northeast 

Midwest 

South 

West 

80.9 

65.4 

82.7 

67.1 

67.7 

70.6 

69.8 

NA 

77.0 

73.1 

65.0 

76.4 

52.6 

77.0 

78.8 

67.3 

75.7 

78.2 

78.2 

70.9 

80.8 

82.8 

67.8 

84.4 

67.3 

72.1 

73.3 

72.1 

NA 

78.9 

74.0 

66.0 

78.2 

50.3 

77.7 

80.8 

69.5 

76.7 

78.4 

80.0 

73.2 

82.6 

83.0 

68.2 

85.0 

69.0 

70.0 

72.6 

71.4 

NA 

79.1 

74.7 

67.1 

78.8 

53.1 

78.9 

80.5 

70.3 

76.1 

79.8 

79.0 

74.4 

81.8 

(82.4, 83.5) 

(67.2, 69.1) 

(84.4, 85.6) 

(67.4, 70.6) 

(67.6, 72.3) 

(71.5, 73.6) 

(70.1, 72.7) 

NA 

(78.6, 79.6) 

(72.9, 76.4) 

(65.1, 69.0) 

(78.4, 79.3) 

(49.5, 56.7) 

(77.9, 79.9) 

(79.8, 81.2) 

(68.6, 71.9) 

(74.7, 77.4) 

(78.7, 80.9) 

(78.0, 79.9) 

(73.5, 75.3) 

(80.8, 82.8) 

0.2 

0.4 

0.6 

1.8 

-2.1 

-0.8 

-0.7 

NA 

0.2 

0.7 

1.1 

0.6 

2.8 

1.1 

-0.3 

0.8 

-0.6 

1.4 

-1.0 

1.2* 

-0.8 

(-0.5, 0.9) 

(-1.0, 1.8) 

(-0.2, 1.4) 

(-0.2, 3.7) 

(-5.4, 1.2) 

(-2.1, 0.6) 

(-2.6, 1.2) 

NA 

(-0.5, 0.9) 

(-1.8, 3.2) 

(-1.9, 4.1) 

(0.0, 1.3) 

(-3.2, 8.8) 

(-0.3, 2.5) 

(-1.2, 0.7) 

(-1.1, 2.6) 

(-2.3, 1.1) 

(-0.2, 3.0) 

(-2.3, 0.4) 

(0.0, 2.4) 

(-2.1, 0.5) 

Excludes households with missing information on bank account types. Monthly income volatility is not available in 2013. * indicates differences that are 

statistically significant at the 10% level. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The 

population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 

36
37 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

B.3 All Methods Used to Access Bank Accounts by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 2017 

For all banked households that accessed their account in the past 12 months, row percent 

Characteristics 

Number of 

Households 

(1000s) 

Percent of 

Households 

Bank teller 

(Percent) 

ATM/Kiosk 

(Percent) 

Telephone 

banking 

(Percent) 

Online 

banking 

(Percent) 

Mobile 

banking 

(Percent) 

Other 

(Percent) 

All 

Unbanked and 

underbanked 

115,040 100.0 73.6 71.6 28.9 63.0 40.4 0.9 

Banked: Underbanked 23,880 100.0 73.6 78.3 33.4 58.5 46.1 0.3 

Banked: Fully banked 86,924 100.0 73.6 69.9 27.9 64.7 39.2 1.0 

Banked: Underbanked 

status unknown 

Family income 

4,236 100.0 74.1 68.4 25.5 53.7 34.4 1.3 

Less than $15,000 10,882 100.0 70.6 58.4 20.9 33.2 22.3 2.4 

$15,000 to $30,000 16,254 100.0 74.6 61.1 22.5 38.4 25.3 1.5 

$30,000 to $50,000 23,113 100.0 74.3 70.1 27.2 54.8 35.2 0.9 

$50,000 to $75,000 22,552 100.0 73.7 72.5 30.3 67.8 40.9 0.5 

At least $75,000 

Education 

42,239 100.0 73.5 79.4 33.7 82.1 53.5 0.4 

No high school diploma 8,861 100.0 73.4 57.1 18.4 24.5 18.0 1.9 

High school diploma 28,442 100.0 74.3 65.8 24.7 46.7 29.5 1.5 

Some college 33,782 100.0 73.9 72.7 30.9 65.2 41.7 0.7 

College degree 

Age group 

43,954 100.0 72.9 77.5 32.3 79.7 51.1 0.5 

15 to 24 years 5,780 100.0 64.2 78.6 29.8 67.9 63.5 0.3 

25 to 34 years 18,539 100.0 65.3 81.1 32.5 76.5 65.7 0.2 

35 to 44 years 19,067 100.0 68.7 78.4 32.8 74.1 56.0 0.2 

45 to 54 years 20,691 100.0 74.5 77.8 32.6 70.6 45.6 0.4 

55 to 64 years 22,079 100.0 76.0 72.5 28.8 61.7 30.1 0.7 

65 years or more 

Race/Ethnicity 

28,884 100.0 81.6 54.6 21.4 41.6 13.5 2.3 

Black 14,154 100.0 69.2 74.7 32.5 54.1 41.0 0.9 

Hispanic 13,591 100.0 68.9 73.2 28.2 53.5 42.5 0.5 

Asian 6,242 100.0 66.7 70.9 25.7 72.6 47.5 0.3 

White 79,349 100.0 75.6 70.7 28.5 65.6 39.3 1.0 

Other 

Disability status 

1,704 100.0 76.4 78.6 37.9 56.6 44.0 0.4 

Disabled, age 25 to 64 8,737 100.0 72.4 70.1 28.5 47.4 28.6 1.2 

Not disabled, age 25 to 64 71,639 100.0 71.3 78.1 32.0 73.2 50.9 0.3 

Not applicable (not age 25 

to 64) 

Monthly income 

volatility 

34,664 100.0 78.7 58.6 22.8 46.0 21.8 2.0 

Income was about the 

same each month 85,368 100.0 72.9 70.4 28.0 62.2 38.9 1.0 

Income varied somewhat 

from month to month 19,294 100.0 76.3 77.9 32.7 68.1 48.4 0.5 

Income varied a lot from 

month to month 4,279 100.0 79.2 75.8 36.1 68.5 47.5 0.7 

Unknown 6,099 100.0 71.3 66.4 25.5 54.1 31.4 1.1 
B.3 All Methods Used to Access Bank Accounts by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 2017 

For all banked households that accessed their account in the past 12 months, row percent 

Characteristics 

Number of 

Households 

(1000s) 

Percent of 

Households 

Bank teller 

(Percent) 

ATM/Kiosk 

(Percent) 

Telephone 

banking 

(Percent) 

Online 

banking 

(Percent) 

Mobile 

banking 

(Percent) 

Other 

(Percent) 

Employment status 

Employed 

Unemployed 

Not in labor force 

Homeownership 

Homeowner 

Non-homeowner 

Household type 

Married couple 

Unmarried female-headed 

family 

Unmarried male-headed 

family 

Female individual 

Male individual 

Other 

Nativity 

U.S.-born 

Foreign-born citizen 

Foreign-born non-citizen 

Spanish only language 

spoken 

Spanish is not only 

language spoken 

Spanish is only language 

spoken 

Metropolitan status 

Metropolitan area - 

principal city 

Metropolitan area - balance 

Not in metropolitan area 

Not identified 

Geographic region 

Northeast 

Midwest 

South 

West 

73,004 

2,675 

39,361 

76,632 

38,408 

57,182 

12,248 

5,730 

20,943 

18,664 

NA 

98,964 

9,039 

7,037 

111,505 

3,535 

33,167 

50,242 

15,251 

16,380 

20,485 

25,012 

43,114 

26,429 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

NA 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

71.6 

72.0 

77.3 

77.0 

66.8 

75.8 

71.3 

71.9 

71.1 

71.5 

NA 

74.3 

72.6 

64.8 

73.7 

70.1 

69.4 

73.1 

79.8 

77.6 

74.9 

76.9 

72.0 

72.0 

77.6 

78.7 

60.1 

70.5 

73.8 

73.9 

75.8 

73.9 

62.6 

71.1 

NA 

71.8 

69.5 

70.9 

71.9 

62.4 

75.2 

72.9 

61.7 

69.7 

73.8 

68.2 

70.6 

74.7 

31.8 

33.3 

23.4 

29.3 

28.2 

31.2 

30.4 

27.4 

24.9 

25.8 

NA 

29.5 

26.5 

24.4 

29.3 

16.8 

30.8 

28.7 

26.3 

28.3 

27.1 

27.0 

29.3 

31.7 

72.9 

62.4 

44.8 

65.2 

58.8 

70.6 

58.4 

57.5 

51.8 

57.1 

NA 

63.7 

61.1 

55.7 

64.1 

28.5 

64.6 

67.1 

49.4 

59.8 

61.6 

62.3 

61.0 

68.0 

51.0 

44.5 

20.6 

37.6 

46.1 

43.5 

45.4 

41.8 

30.4 

38.2 

NA 

40.5 

38.4 

41.5 

41.0 

22.7 

45.0 

41.9 

29.1 

37.1 

36.4 

39.4 

39.7 

45.7 

0.3 

-

1.9 

0.8 

1.0 

0.5 

0.5 

0.5 

2.1 

1.0 

NA 

1.0 

0.6 

0.2 

0.9 

0.4 

0.8 

0.8 

1.3 

0.7 

0.8 

1.1 

0.9 

0.6 

Excludes households with missing information on bank account access methods used. Row percentages may not sum to 100 because households were asked to 

select all bank account methods used. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population 

proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 

38
39 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

B.4 Primary Method Used to Access Bank Accounts by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 

2017 

For all banked households that accessed their account in the past 12 months, row percent 

Characteristics 

Number of 

Households 

(1000s) 

Percent of 

Households 

Bank teller 

(Percent) 

ATM/Kiosk 

(Percent) 

Telephone 

banking 

(Percent) 

Online 

banking 

(Percent) 

Mobile 

banking 

(Percent) 

Other 

(Percent) 

Unknown 

(Percent) 

All 

Unbanked and 

underbanked 

115,040 100.0 24.3 19.9 2.9 36.0 15.6 0.7 0.6 

Banked: 

Underbanked 23,880 100.0 22.3 25.7 3.9 26.8 20.8 0.3 0.3 

Banked: Fully 

banked 

Banked: 

86,924 100.0 24.6 18.2 2.7 38.9 14.5 0.8 0.3 

Underbanked 

status unknown 

Family income 

4,236 100.0 29.0 21.9 2.1 28.5 9.5 1.0 7.9 

Less than $15,000 10,882 100.0 38.8 26.0 4.1 17.2 11.2 2.2 0.4 

$15,000 to 

$30,000 16,254 100.0 38.0 24.5 4.3 19.4 11.7 1.5 0.6 

$30,000 to 

$50,000 23,113 100.0 28.9 22.8 3.4 27.7 16.0 0.8 0.4 

$50,000 to 

$75,000 22,552 100.0 23.3 18.7 3.0 38.0 15.8 0.4 0.7 

At least $75,000 

Education 

42,239 100.0 13.3 15.5 1.8 50.6 17.9 0.2 0.7 

No high school 

diploma 8,861 100.0 46.2 28.2 4.2 10.8 8.2 1.9 0.4 

High school 

diploma 28,442 100.0 33.8 24.4 3.6 24.7 11.6 1.3 0.6 

Some college 33,782 100.0 22.9 20.3 3.3 35.0 17.5 0.5 0.5 

College degree 

Age group 

43,954 100.0 14.8 15.0 2.0 49.1 18.2 0.2 0.7 

15 to 24 years 5,780 100.0 13.3 21.9 2.2 26.2 36.1 0.3 0.2 

25 to 34 years 18,539 100.0 10.6 15.9 1.9 35.7 35.0 0.1 0.7 

35 to 44 years 19,067 100.0 13.6 17.8 2.8 42.4 22.6 0.1 0.6 

45 to 54 years 20,691 100.0 18.7 22.2 2.6 42.6 13.2 0.2 0.5 

55 to 64 years 22,079 100.0 26.1 23.4 3.5 39.0 7.0 0.4 0.6 

65 years or more 

Race/Ethnicity 

28,884 100.0 45.1 18.9 3.6 26.9 2.7 2.2 0.7 

Black 14,154 100.0 23.8 28.4 4.4 24.3 17.7 0.8 0.6 

Hispanic 13,591 100.0 25.9 25.3 2.9 25.8 19.3 0.4 0.5 

Asian 6,242 100.0 19.1 15.2 2.2 46.0 16.3 0.2 1.0 

White 79,349 100.0 24.5 17.7 2.7 39.2 14.5 0.8 0.6 

Other 

Disability status 

1,704 100.0 24.5 24.2 2.6 29.8 18.5 0.1 0.3 

Disabled, age 25 

to 64 8,737 100.0 28.7 27.9 5.2 26.5 10.0 1.0 0.6 

Not disabled, age 

25 to 64 71,639 100.0 16.3 19.1 2.4 41.6 19.8 0.1 0.6 

Not applicable 

(not age 25 to 64) 34,664 100.0 39.8 19.4 3.4 26.8 8.2 1.8 0.6 
40 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

B.4 Primary Method Used to Access Bank Accounts by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 

2017 

For all banked households that accessed their account in the past 12 months, row percent 

Characteristics 

Number of 

Households 

(1000s) 

Percent of 

Households 

Bank teller 

(Percent) 

ATM/Kiosk 

(Percent) 

Telephone 

banking 

(Percent) 

Online 

banking 

(Percent) 

Mobile 

banking 

(Percent) 

Other 

(Percent) 

Unknown 

(Percent) 

Monthly income 

volatility 

Income was 

about the same 

each month 

Income varied 

somewhat from 

month to month 

Income varied a 

lot from month to 

month 

Unknown 

Employment 

status 

Employed 

Unemployed 

Not in labor force 

Homeownership 

Homeowner 

Non-homeowner 

Household type 

Married couple 

Unmarried 

female-headed 

family 

Unmarried 

male-headed 

family 

Female individual 

Male individual 

Other 

Nativity 

U.S.-born 

Foreign-born 

citizen 

Foreign-born noncitizen 

Spanish only 

language 

spoken 

Spanish is not 

only language 

spoken 

Spanish is only 

language spoken 

85,368 

19,294 

4,279 

6,099 

73,004 

2,675 

39,361 

76,632 

38,408 

57,182 

12,248 

5,730 

20,943 

18,664 

NA 

98,964 

9,039 

7,037 

111,505 

3,535 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

NA 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

24.8 

20.8 

24.9 

28.6 

16.8 

20.3 

38.5 

26.1 

20.8 

22.1 

22.1 

25.0 

30.3 

25.7 

NA 

24.0 

26.2 

26.2 

23.8 

41.7 

19.7 

20.5 

16.4 

22.5 

18.6 

24.0 

21.9 

17.8 

24.0 

17.2 

26.1 

25.7 

19.2 

22.9 

NA 

19.6 

21.9 

21.6 

19.5 

31.3 

2.9 

3.1 

2.7 

2.8 

2.3 

3.6 

4.0 

2.8 

3.1 

2.4 

3.6 

3.2 

4.5 

2.5 

NA 

2.9 

2.9 

2.8 

2.9 

3.0 

36.6 

35.2 

35.8 

29.7 

41.1 

30.2 

26.9 

39.7 

28.5 

42.6 

28.1 

27.3 

30.4 

30.0 

NA 

36.4 

35.3 

30.5 

36.7 

14.0 

14.9 

19.6 

19.3 

10.0 

20.4 

21.2 

6.3 

12.3 

22.1 

14.8 

19.4 

17.9 

12.9 

17.5 

NA 

15.7 

12.4 

17.9 

15.8 

9.3 

0.8 

0.3 

0.4 

0.9 

0.2 

-

1.8 

0.6 

0.9 

0.3 

0.4 

0.4 

2.0 

0.8 

NA 

0.8 

0.5 

0.2 

0.7 

0.4 

0.3 

0.4 

0.4 

5.5 

0.6 

0.7 

0.7 

0.6 

0.5 

0.6 

0.3 

0.5 

0.7 

0.6 

NA 

0.6 

0.8 

0.9 

0.6 

0.3 
41 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

B.4 Primary Method Used to Access Bank Accounts by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 

2017 

For all banked households that accessed their account in the past 12 months, row percent 

Characteristics 

Number of 

Households 

(1000s) 

Percent of 

Households 

Bank teller 

(Percent) 

ATM/Kiosk 

(Percent) 

Telephone 

banking 

(Percent) 

Online 

banking 

(Percent) 

Mobile 

banking 

(Percent) 

Other 

(Percent) 

Unknown 

(Percent) 

Metropolitan 

status 

Metropolitan area 

- principal city 33,167 100.0 19.8 21.9 2.9 35.9 18.1 0.7 0.6 

Metropolitan area 

- balance 50,242 100.0 21.8 19.2 2.7 39.4 15.6 0.7 0.6 

Not in 

metropolitan area 15,251 100.0 37.8 18.3 3.9 27.4 11.2 1.1 0.5 

Not identified 

Geographic 

region 

16,380 100.0 28.8 19.3 2.8 33.5 14.5 0.6 0.6 

Northeast 20,485 100.0 26.0 24.4 2.9 33.0 12.3 0.6 0.9 

Midwest 25,012 100.0 27.5 16.5 2.8 36.4 15.3 0.9 0.5 

South 43,114 100.0 24.5 19.7 3.3 35.4 15.9 0.8 0.5 

West 26,429 100.0 19.6 19.7 2.6 38.9 18.0 0.5 0.6 

Excludes households with missing information on bank account access methods used. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise 

estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of 

rounding. 
B.5 Bank Teller as Primary Method Used to Access Bank Accounts by Banking Status and Household 

Characteristics, 2013-2017 

For all banked households that accessed their account in the past 12 months 

Characteristics 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017

 (Percent) 

90% 

Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% 

Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

All 

Unbanked and 

underbanked 

32.2 28.2 24.3 (23.8, 24.8) -3.8* (-4.5, -3.2) 

Banked: Underbanked 29.0 27.8 22.3 (21.4, 23.3) -5.5* (-7.1, -3.9) 

Banked: Fully banked 33.0 28.2 24.6 (24.1, 25.2) -3.5* (-4.3, -2.8) 

Banked: Underbanked status 

unknown 

Family income 

38.8 31.5 29.0 (26.6, 31.6) -2.4 (-6.5, 1.7) 

Less than $15,000 47.5 41.7 38.8 (37.1, 40.5) -2.8* (-5.0, -0.7) 

$15,000 to $30,000 44.9 40.5 38.0 (36.7, 39.3) -2.5* (-4.2, -0.7) 

$30,000 to $50,000 35.7 32.5 28.9 (27.7, 30.1) -3.6* (-5.3, -1.9) 

$50,000 to $75,000 28.3 25.8 23.3 (22.4, 24.3) -2.5* (-3.8, -1.2) 

At least $75,000 

Education 

20.1 16.7 13.3 (12.7, 14.0) -3.4* (-4.3, -2.5) 

No high school diploma 55.6 50.8 46.2 (44.2, 48.3) -4.5* (-7.4, -1.6) 

High school diploma 41.8 38.2 33.8 (32.8, 34.8) -4.4* (-5.9, -2.9) 

Some college 30.2 25.6 22.9 (22.1, 23.8) -2.6* (-3.8, -1.4) 

College degree 

Age group 

21.0 17.9 14.8 (14.2, 15.4) -3.1* (-4.1, -2.1) 

15 to 24 years 21.1 15.9 13.3 (11.5, 15.2) -2.7* (-5.3, -0.1) 

25 to 34 years 17.0 14.3 10.6 (9.8, 11.5) -3.6* (-4.9, -2.4) 

35 to 44 years 21.1 16.9 13.6 (12.6, 14.6) -3.3* (-4.7, -2.0) 

45 to 54 years 26.7 22.9 18.7 (17.7, 19.7) -4.2* (-5.8, -2.6) 

55 to 64 years 36.1 31.7 26.1 (25.1, 27.0) -5.6* (-7.1, -4.1) 

65 years or more 

Race/Ethnicity 

54.6 48.7 45.1 (44.1, 46.1) -3.6* (-4.9, -2.3) 

Black 33.1 30.1 23.8 (22.4, 25.3) -6.3* (-8.3, -4.3) 

Hispanic 34.0 29.3 25.9 (24.4, 27.4) -3.4* (-5.6, -1.2) 

Asian 29.7 25.5 19.1 (17.1, 21.2) -6.4* (-9.7, -3.1) 

White 32.0 27.9 24.5 (24.0, 25.1) -3.3* (-4.0, -2.7) 

Other 

Disability status 

32.0 25.4 24.5 (20.8, 28.6) -0.8 (-5.9, 4.2) 

Disabled, age 25 to 64 35.6 32.4 28.7 (27.0, 30.5) -3.7* (-6.1, -1.4) 

Not disabled, age 25 to 64 24.5 20.6 16.3 (15.8, 16.8) -4.3* (-5.0, -3.5) 

Not applicable (not age 25 

to 64) 

Monthly income volatility 

49.0 43.3 39.8 (38.9, 40.7) -3.5* (-4.7, -2.3) 

Income was about the same 

each month 28.6 24.8 (24.3, 25.3) -3.8* (-4.5, -3.0) 

Income varied somewhat from 

month to month 25.3 20.8 (19.6, 22.0) -4.5* (-6.2, -2.8) 

42
43 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

B.5 Bank Teller as Primary Method Used to Access Bank Accounts by Banking Status and Household 

Characteristics, 2013-2017 

For all banked households that accessed their account in the past 12 months 

Characteristics 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017

 (Percent) 

90% 

Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% 

Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

Income varied a lot from 

month to month 

Unknown 

Employment status 

Employed 

Unemployed 

Not in labor force 

Homeownership 

Homeowner 

Non-homeowner 

Household type 

Married couple 

Unmarried 

female-headed family 

Unmarried male-headed 

family 

Female individual 

Male individual 

Other 

Nativity 

U.S.-born 

Foreign-born citizen 

Foreign-born non-citizen 

Spanish only language 

spoken 

Spanish is not only language 

spoken 

Spanish is only language 

spoken 

Metropolitan status 

Metropolitan area 

- principal city 

Metropolitan area - balance 

Not in metropolitan area 

Not identified 

Geographic region 

Northeast 

Midwest 

South 

West 

24.7 

28.7 

47.1 

34.1 

28.2 

30.4 

30.2 

34.1 

38.4 

32.2 

NA 

31.6 

37.0 

35.1 

31.9 

54.3 

28.9 

29.1 

44.9 

34.0 

32.9 

35.6 

33.3 

26.4 

30.2 

30.3 

20.6 

21.4 

42.6 

30.2 

24.2 

26.2 

25.8 

28.4 

34.8 

28.5 

NA 

27.5 

34.4 

29.0 

27.8 

49.7 

24.6 

24.9 

41.5 

31.9 

27.9 

31.2 

29.7 

23.0 

24.9 

28.6 

16.8 

20.3 

38.5 

26.1 

20.8 

22.1 

22.1 

25.0 

30.3 

25.7 

NA 

24.0 

26.2 

26.2 

23.8 

41.7 

19.8 

21.8 

37.8 

28.8 

26.0 

27.5 

24.5 

19.6 

(22.6, 27.4) 

(26.4, 31.0) 

(16.3, 17.3) 

(17.5, 23.5) 

(37.6, 39.4) 

(25.5, 26.7) 

(20.0, 21.6) 

(21.4, 22.8) 

(20.7, 23.4) 

(23.0, 27.2) 

(29.3, 31.4) 

(24.5, 26.9) 

NA 

(23.5, 24.5) 

(24.6, 27.9) 

(24.1, 28.4) 

(23.3, 24.2) 

(38.4, 45.0) 

(19.0, 20.6) 

(21.1, 22.4) 

(36.2, 39.4) 

(27.5, 30.1) 

(24.9, 27.0) 

(26.5, 28.6) 

(23.8, 25.3) 

(18.8, 20.5) 

-5.3* 

-1.7 

-3.8* 

-1.1 

-4.1* 

-4.1* 

-3.4* 

-4.1* 

-3.8* 

-3.4* 

-4.4* 

-2.8* 

NA 

-3.5* 

-8.2* 

-2.8* 

-4.0* 

-8.0* 

-4.8* 

-3.2* 

-3.8* 

-3.1* 

-2.0* 

-3.7* 

-5.2* 

-3.4* 

(-8.6, -1.9) 

(-4.9, 1.5) 

(-4.5, -3.0) 

(-5.3, 3.1) 

(-5.3, -3.0) 

(-4.9, -3.3) 

(-4.5, -2.2) 

(-5.0, -3.2) 

(-5.8, -1.8) 

(-6.4, -0.4) 

(-6.0, -2.9) 

(-4.5, -1.2) 

NA 

(-4.2, -2.8) 

(-10.8, -5.5) 

(-5.5, 0.0) 

(-4.7, -3.4) 

(-13.4, -2.6) 

(-6.0, -3.6) 

(-4.1, -2.2) 

(-5.8, -1.8) 

(-5.0, -1.3) 

(-3.5, -0.5) 

(-5.1, -2.2) 

(-6.3, -4.0) 

(-4.7, -2.0) 

Excludes households with missing information on bank account access methods used. Monthly income volatility is not available in 2013. * indicates differences 

that are statistically significant at the 10% level. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The 

population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 
B.6 ATM/Kiosk as Primary Method Used to Access Bank Accounts by Banking Status and Household 

Characteristics, 2013-2017 

For all banked households that accessed their account in the past 12 months 

Characteristics 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% 

Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

All 

Unbanked and 

underbanked 

24.4 21.0 19.9 (19.4, 20.3) -1.2* (-1.8, -0.5) 

Banked: Underbanked 29.5 27.0 25.7 (24.6, 26.9) -1.3 (-2.8, 0.2) 

Banked: Fully banked 23.0 19.2 18.2 (17.7, 18.6) -1.0* (-1.7, -0.4) 

Banked: Underbanked status 

unknown 

Family income 

21.2 23.6 21.9 (19.9, 24.1) -1.7 (-5.0, 1.6) 

Less than $15,000 27.1 25.6 26.0 (24.4, 27.7) 0.4 (-1.7, 2.6) 

$15,000 to $30,000 26.3 25.0 24.5 (23.2, 25.8) -0.5 (-2.1, 1.2) 

$30,000 to $50,000 26.3 23.8 22.8 (21.9, 23.8) -0.9 (-2.2, 0.3) 

$50,000 to $75,000 24.0 19.6 18.7 (17.7, 19.7) -0.9 (-2.3, 0.5) 

At least $75,000 

Education 

21.4 16.9 15.5 (14.9, 16.1) -1.4* (-2.4, -0.4) 

No high school diploma 26.9 26.4 28.2 (26.3, 30.1) 1.8 (-1.0, 4.6) 

High school diploma 27.5 24.4 24.4 (23.4, 25.4) 0.0 (-1.4, 1.4) 

Some college 24.7 21.5 20.3 (19.4, 21.1) -1.3* (-2.4, -0.1) 

College degree 

Age group 

21.1 17.0 15.0 (14.4, 15.6) -2.0* (-3.0, -1.1) 

15 to 24 years 27.4 24.3 21.9 (19.5, 24.4) -2.5 (-5.8, 0.8) 

25 to 34 years 23.5 18.4 15.9 (14.8, 17.1) -2.5* (-4.0, -1.0) 

35 to 44 years 24.5 19.7 17.8 (16.8, 18.9) -1.8* (-3.2, -0.5) 

45 to 54 years 27.5 23.8 22.2 (21.2, 23.3) -1.6* (-3.1, 0.0) 

55 to 64 years 25.9 22.8 23.4 (22.4, 24.3) 0.6 (-0.9, 2.0) 

65 years or more 

Race/Ethnicity 

20.4 19.5 18.9 (18.1, 19.8) -0.6 (-1.7, 0.6) 

Black 31.6 28.2 28.4 (26.7, 30.1) 0.2 (-2.1, 2.5) 

Hispanic 29.8 27.0 25.3 (23.7, 26.9) -1.7 (-4.0, 0.6) 

Asian 21.6 18.4 15.2 (13.4, 17.2) -3.1* (-6.0, -0.3) 

White 22.5 19.0 17.7 (17.2, 18.2) -1.3* (-2.0, -0.5) 

Other 

Disability status 

29.5 22.9 24.2 (21.0, 27.6) 1.3 (-3.2, 5.7) 

Disabled, age 25 to 64 29.3 27.7 27.9 (26.1, 29.8) 0.2 (-2.1, 2.5) 

Not disabled, age 25 to 64 25.0 20.5 19.1 (18.5, 19.6) -1.4* (-2.2, -0.6) 

Not applicable (not age 25 

to 64) 

Monthly income volatility 

21.5 20.3 19.4 (18.7, 20.2) -0.9 (-1.9, 0.2) 

Income was about the same 

each month 21.1 19.7 (19.2, 20.2) -1.4* (-2.1, -0.6) 

Income varied somewhat from 

month to month 20.5 20.5 (19.3, 21.7) 0.1 (-1.5, 1.6) 

Income varied a lot from 

month to month 19.1 16.4 (14.3, 18.7) -2.6 (-5.6, 0.3) 

Unknown 24.8 22.5 (20.4, 24.8) -2.3 (-5.4, 0.8) 

44
45 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

B.6 ATM/Kiosk as Primary Method Used to Access Bank Accounts by Banking Status and Household 

Characteristics, 2013-2017 

For all banked households that accessed their account in the past 12 months 

Characteristics 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% 

Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

Employment status 

Employed 

Unemployed 

Not in labor force 

Homeownership 

Homeowner 

Non-homeowner 

Household type 

Married couple 

Unmarried female-headed 

family 

Unmarried male-headed 

family 

Female individual 

Male individual 

Other 

Nativity 

U.S.-born 

Foreign-born citizen 

Foreign-born non-citizen 

Spanish only language 

spoken 

Spanish is not only language 

spoken 

Spanish is only language 

spoken 

Metropolitan status 

Metropolitan area - principal 

city 

Metropolitan area - balance 

Not in metropolitan area 

Not identified 

Geographic region 

Northeast 

Midwest 

South 

West 

24.8 

27.5 

23.2 

22.0 

29.5 

21.8 

31.6 

30.0 

22.5 

28.0 

NA 

24.1 

24.6 

28.2 

24.3 

28.5 

26.8 

23.6 

22.7 

24.0 

29.5 

22.1 

23.2 

24.5 

20.2 

29.6 

21.9 

18.5 

26.2 

18.3 

26.4 

26.8 

20.4 

24.4 

NA 

20.8 

18.8 

27.4 

20.9 

26.6 

23.2 

20.6 

18.9 

20.2 

25.5 

19.1 

20.1 

20.8 

18.6 

24.0 

21.9 

17.8 

24.0 

17.2 

26.1 

25.7 

19.2 

22.9 

NA 

19.6 

21.9 

21.6 

19.5 

31.3 

21.9 

19.2 

18.3 

19.3 

24.4 

16.5 

19.7 

19.7 

(18.1, 19.2) 

(21.2, 26.9) 

(21.1, 22.7) 

(17.3, 18.3) 

(23.1, 24.9) 

(16.6, 17.8) 

(24.7, 27.6) 

(23.3, 28.2) 

(18.2, 20.1) 

(21.8, 24.1) 

NA 

(19.1, 20.0) 

(20.2, 23.7) 

(19.8, 23.5) 

(19.0, 20.0) 

(27.9, 34.9) 

(20.9, 22.9) 

(18.5, 19.9) 

(17.1, 19.5) 

(18.2, 20.5) 

(23.2, 25.5) 

(15.7, 17.4) 

(19.0, 20.5) 

(18.7, 20.8) 

-1.6* 

-5.6* 

0.0 

-0.7 

-2.1* 

-1.1* 

-0.2 

-1.1 

-1.2 

-1.5 

NA 

-1.2* 

3.1* 

-5.8* 

-1.4* 

4.7 

-1.3 

-1.4* 

-0.7 

-0.9 

-1.1 

-2.6* 

-0.4 

-1.1 

(-2.4, -0.8) 

(-10.0, -1.3) 

(-1.0, 0.9) 

(-1.4, 0.0) 

(-3.5, -0.8) 

(-2.0, -0.2) 

(-2.2, 1.8) 

(-4.8, 2.5) 

(-2.5, 0.0) 

(-3.1, 0.1) 

NA 

(-1.9, -0.6) 

(0.8, 5.4) 

(-8.3, -3.3) 

(-2.1, -0.8) 

(-0.2, 9.6) 

(-2.7, 0.0) 

(-2.4, -0.5) 

(-2.5, 1.1) 

(-2.5, 0.6) 

(-2.8, 0.6) 

(-4.0, -1.2) 

(-1.4, 0.7) 

(-2.5, 0.3) 

Excludes households with missing information on bank account access methods used. Monthly income volatility is not available in 2013. * indicates differences 

that are statistically significant at the 10% level. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The 

population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 
B.7 Telephone Banking as Primary Method Used to Access Bank Accounts by Banking Status and 

Household Characteristics, 2013-2017 

For all banked households that accessed their account in the past 12 months 

Characteristics 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% 

Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

All 

Unbanked and 

underbanked 

3.3 3.0 2.9 (2.7, 3.1) 0.0 (-0.3, 0.2) 

Banked: Underbanked 4.6 3.9 3.9 (3.4, 4.4) -0.1 (-0.7, 0.6) 

Banked: Fully banked 3.0 2.7 2.7 (2.5, 2.9) 0.0 (-0.2, 0.3) 

Banked: Underbanked status 

unknown 

Family income 

2.8 2.8 2.1 (1.4, 3.3) -0.6 (-2.0, 0.8) 

Less than $15,000 4.2 4.6 4.1 (3.5, 4.8) -0.5 (-1.5, 0.5) 

$15,000 to $30,000 4.4 3.5 4.3 (3.7, 4.9) 0.8 (0.0, 1.5) 

$30,000 to $50,000 3.7 3.7 3.4 (3.0, 3.9) -0.3 (-0.9, 0.4) 

$50,000 to $75,000 3.1 2.5 3.0 (2.7, 3.4) 0.5* (0.0, 1.0) 

At least $75,000 

Education 

2.3 2.0 1.8 (1.6, 2.1) -0.2 (-0.5, 0.2) 

No high school diploma 4.0 4.2 4.2 (3.5, 5.2) 0.0 (-1.1, 1.1) 

High school diploma 3.8 3.6 3.6 (3.3, 4.1) 0.0 (-0.6, 0.6) 

Some college 3.6 3.4 3.3 (2.9, 3.6) -0.1 (-0.6, 0.4) 

College degree 

Age group 

2.5 1.8 2.0 (1.7, 2.2) 0.1 (-0.2, 0.5) 

15 to 24 years 2.9 2.1 2.2 (1.7, 3.0) 0.1 (-0.9, 1.2) 

25 to 34 years 3.1 2.1 1.9 (1.5, 2.3) -0.2 (-0.8, 0.3) 

35 to 44 years 3.0 2.7 2.8 (2.4, 3.4) 0.2 (-0.5, 0.8) 

45 to 54 years 3.2 2.9 2.6 (2.2, 3.0) -0.4 (-1.0, 0.2) 

55 to 64 years 3.5 3.4 3.5 (3.1, 4.1) 0.2 (-0.5, 0.8) 

65 years or more 

Race/Ethnicity 

3.8 3.6 3.6 (3.2, 4.0) 0.0 (-0.5, 0.6) 

Black 4.8 4.1 4.4 (3.7, 5.3) 0.3 (-0.7, 1.3) 

Hispanic 3.6 3.2 2.9 (2.4, 3.5) -0.3 (-1.1, 0.5) 

Asian 1.5 1.7 2.2 (1.6, 3.1) 0.5 (-0.5, 1.5) 

White 3.2 2.8 2.7 (2.5, 3.0) -0.1 (-0.4, 0.2) 

Other 

Disability status 

3.8 4.1 2.6 (1.6, 4.3) -1.4 (-3.6, 0.7) 

Disabled, age 25 to 64 5.3 5.4 5.2 (4.3, 6.2) -0.2 (-1.4, 1.0) 

Not disabled, age 25 to 64 2.9 2.5 2.4 (2.2, 2.7) 0.0 (-0.4, 0.3) 

Not applicable (not age 25 

to 64) 

Monthly income volatility 

3.6 3.3 3.4 (3.1, 3.7) 0.0 (-0.4, 0.5) 

Income was about the same 

each month 3.1 2.9 (2.7, 3.1) -0.1 (-0.4, 0.2) 

Income varied somewhat 

from month to month 2.8 3.1 (2.7, 3.6) 0.3 (-0.3, 0.9) 

Income varied a lot from 

month to month 2.5 2.7 (1.9, 3.9) 0.3 (-1.0, 1.6) 

Unknown 2.3 2.8 (2.0, 3.8) 0.5 (-0.6, 1.6) 

46
47 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

B.7 Telephone Banking as Primary Method Used to Access Bank Accounts by Banking Status and 

Household Characteristics, 2013-2017 

For all banked households that accessed their account in the past 12 months 

Characteristics 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% 

Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

Employment status 

Employed 

Unemployed 

Not in labor force 

Homeownership 

Homeowner 

Non-homeowner 

Household type 

Married couple 

Unmarried female-headed 

family 

Unmarried male-headed 

family 

Female individual 

Male individual 

Other 

Nativity 

U.S.-born 

Foreign-born citizen 

Foreign-born non-citizen 

Spanish only language 

spoken 

Spanish is not only language 

spoken 

Spanish is only language 

spoken 

Metropolitan status 

Metropolitan area - principal 

city 

Metropolitan area - balance 

Not in metropolitan area 

Not identified 

Geographic region 

Northeast 

Midwest 

South 

West 

3.0 

3.6 

3.9 

3.0 

4.0 

2.7 

4.5 

2.6 

4.9 

2.8 

NA 

3.4 

2.8 

2.4 

3.3 

3.5 

3.4 

3.0 

3.9 

3.4 

2.8 

3.1 

3.9 

2.9 

2.4 

1.9 

4.0 

2.9 

3.1 

2.5 

4.2 

2.9 

3.9 

2.5 

NA 

3.1 

2.4 

2.3 

2.9 

4.5 

2.7 

2.9 

3.5 

3.2 

2.4 

3.1 

3.4 

2.6 

2.3 

3.6 

4.0 

2.8 

3.1 

2.4 

3.6 

3.2 

4.5 

2.5 

NA 

2.9 

2.9 

2.8 

2.9 

3.0 

2.9 

2.7 

3.9 

2.8 

2.9 

2.8 

3.3 

2.6 

(2.1, 2.6) 

(2.5, 5.3) 

(3.6, 4.4) 

(2.6, 3.1) 

(2.8, 3.5) 

(2.1, 2.6) 

(3.0, 4.2) 

(2.4, 4.1) 

(3.9, 5.0) 

(2.1, 2.9) 

NA 

(2.7, 3.2) 

(2.2, 3.8) 

(2.1, 3.7) 

(2.7, 3.1) 

(2.1, 4.4) 

(2.6, 3.3) 

(2.4, 3.0) 

(3.3, 4.5) 

(2.4, 3.3) 

(2.4, 3.4) 

(2.5, 3.3) 

(2.9, 3.6) 

(2.2, 2.9) 

-0.1 

1.8* 

0.0 

-0.1 

0.0 

-0.1 

-0.7 

0.3 

0.5 

0.0 

NA 

-0.1 

0.5 

0.6 

0.0 

-1.5 

0.2 

-0.2 

0.3 

-0.4 

0.5 

-0.3 

-0.1 

0.0 

(-0.4, 0.2) 

(0.1, 3.4) 

(-0.5, 0.5) 

(-0.4, 0.3) 

(-0.4, 0.5) 

(-0.4, 0.2) 

(-1.5, 0.2) 

(-0.8, 1.4) 

(-0.1, 1.2) 

(-0.6, 0.6) 

NA 

(-0.4, 0.2) 

(-0.5, 1.5) 

(-0.5, 1.6) 

(-0.3, 0.3) 

(-3.5, 0.5) 

(-0.3, 0.7) 

(-0.6, 0.2) 

(-0.4, 1.1) 

(-1.1, 0.2) 

(-0.1, 1.0) 

(-0.8, 0.3) 

(-0.6, 0.3) 

(-0.5, 0.4) 

Excludes households with missing information on bank account access methods used. Monthly income volatility is not available in 2013. * indicates differences 

that are statistically significant at the 10% level. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The 

population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 
B.8 Online Banking as Primary Method Used to Access Bank Accounts by Banking Status and Household 

Characteristics, 2013-2017 

For all banked households that accessed their account in the past 12 months 

Characteristics 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% 

Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

All 

Unbanked and 

underbanked 

32.9 36.9 36.0 (35.4, 36.5) -0.9* (-1.6, -0.1) 

Banked: Underbanked 26.6 27.6 26.8 (25.6, 27.9) -0.8 (-2.4, 0.7) 

Banked: Fully banked 35.1 39.9 38.9 (38.2, 39.5) -1.0* (-1.9, -0.1) 

Banked: Underbanked status 

unknown 

Family income 

23.5 27.6 28.5 (26.1, 30.9) 0.9 (-2.7, 4.4) 

Less than $15,000 14.5 18.0 17.2 (15.9, 18.6) -0.8 (-2.6, 1.1) 

$15,000 to $30,000 17.3 20.8 19.4 (18.5, 20.5) -1.3 (-2.8, 0.1) 

$30,000 to $50,000 26.7 29.1 27.7 (26.7, 28.7) -1.4 (-2.9, 0.0) 

$50,000 to $75,000 36.8 39.7 38.0 (36.8, 39.3) -1.6 (-3.5, 0.2) 

At least $75,000 

Education 

49.4 53.6 50.6 (49.7, 51.6) -3.0* (-4.3, -1.6) 

No high school diploma 8.8 11.8 10.8 (9.7, 12.1) -1.0 (-2.8, 0.9) 

High school diploma 21.0 24.5 24.7 (23.7, 25.7) 0.2 (-1.2, 1.5) 

Some college 32.5 36.8 35.0 (34.1, 36.0) -1.7* (-3.0, -0.4) 

College degree 

Age group 

48.0 51.5 49.1 (48.2, 50.0) -2.4* (-3.8, -1.0) 

15 to 24 years 27.8 31.4 26.2 (24.1, 28.4) -5.2* (-8.4, -2.0) 

25 to 34 years 42.5 42.6 35.7 (34.3, 37.1) -6.9* (-8.9, -4.9) 

35 to 44 years 41.5 45.8 42.4 (41.0, 43.8) -3.4* (-5.3, -1.5) 

45 to 54 years 37.7 42.0 42.6 (41.3, 43.9) 0.6 (-1.1, 2.3) 

55 to 64 years 31.6 37.3 39.0 (37.8, 40.1) 1.6* (0.0, 3.3) 

65 years or more 

Race/Ethnicity 

17.8 23.8 26.9 (26.1, 27.7) 3.1* (2.0, 4.3) 

Black 21.3 25.1 24.3 (22.5, 26.1) -0.8 (-3.1, 1.5) 

Hispanic 23.0 27.2 25.8 (24.4, 27.2) -1.5 (-3.8, 0.8) 

Asian 40.2 44.4 46.0 (43.5, 48.6) 1.7 (-1.7, 5.1) 

White 35.8 40.0 39.2 (38.5, 39.8) -0.8 (-1.7, 0.0) 

Other 

Disability status 

29.4 33.8 29.8 (26.0, 33.9) -4.0 (-9.7, 1.7) 

Disabled, age 25 to 64 24.8 25.9 26.5 (25.0, 28.1) 0.6 (-1.6, 2.8) 

Not disabled, age 25 to 64 39.7 43.8 41.6 (40.9, 42.3) -2.2* (-3.1, -1.2) 

Not applicable 

(not age 25 to 64) 

Monthly income volatility 

19.5 25.0 26.8 (26.0, 27.5) 1.7* (0.6, 2.9) 

Income was about the same 

each month 37.3 36.6 (36.0, 37.2) -0.7 (-1.5, 0.2) 

Income varied somewhat 

from month to month 37.4 35.2 (34.1, 36.4) -2.1* (-3.7, -0.5) 

Income varied a lot from 

month to month 33.7 35.8 (33.2, 38.6) 2.1 (-1.3, 5.5) 

Unknown 30.4 29.7 (27.5, 31.9) -0.7 (-3.7, 2.2) 

48
49 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

B.8 Online Banking as Primary Method Used to Access Bank Accounts by Banking Status and Household 

Characteristics, 2013-2017 

For all banked households that accessed their account in the past 12 months 

Characteristics 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% 

Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

Employment status 

Employed 

Unemployed 

Not in labor force 

Homeownership 

Homeowner 

Non-homeowner 

Household type 

Married couple 

Unmarried female-headed 

family 

Unmarried male-headed 

family 

Female individual 

Male individual 

Other 

Nativity 

U.S.-born 

Foreign-born citizen 

Foreign-born non-citizen 

Spanish only language 

spoken 

Spanish is not only language 

spoken 

Spanish is only language 

spoken 

Metropolitan status 

Metropolitan area 

- principal city 

Metropolitan area - balance 

Not in metropolitan area 

Not identified 

Geographic region 

Northeast 

Midwest 

South 

West 

38.9 

31.1 

21.5 

35.4 

27.4 

39.1 

24.9 

23.3 

26.7 

28.4 

NA 

33.6 

30.0 

26.0 

33.2 

8.6 

32.9 

37.0 

23.2 

31.1 

29.4 

33.1 

31.4 

37.9 

43.3 

35.3 

25.2 

39.8 

31.0 

43.4 

30.0 

28.1 

30.4 

31.9 

NA 

37.3 

36.1 

30.8 

37.2 

13.2 

36.9 

40.8 

27.4 

34.0 

35.3 

35.8 

35.5 

41.3 

41.1 

30.2 

26.9 

39.7 

28.5 

42.6 

28.1 

27.3 

30.4 

30.0 

NA 

36.4 

35.3 

30.5 

36.7 

14.0 

35.9 

39.4 

27.4 

33.5 

33.0 

36.4 

35.4 

38.9 

(40.4, 41.8) 

(27.2, 33.3) 

(26.2, 27.7) 

(39.0, 40.4) 

(27.7, 29.4) 

(41.7, 43.4) 

(26.7, 29.6) 

(25.2, 29.5) 

(29.3, 31.5) 

(28.7, 31.3) 

NA 

(35.8, 37.1) 

(33.4, 37.4) 

(28.2, 32.8) 

(36.1, 37.3) 

(12.0, 16.2) 

(34.9, 37.0) 

(38.6, 40.3) 

(26.0, 28.8) 

(32.0, 35.0) 

(31.7, 34.3) 

(35.3, 37.6) 

(34.4, 36.3) 

(37.8, 40.0) 

-2.2* 

-5.1* 

1.7* 

-0.1 

-2.5* 

-0.8 

-1.8 

-0.8 

0.0 

-1.9* 

NA 

-0.9* 

-0.8 

-0.3 

-0.6 

0.8 

-1.0 

-1.3* 

-0.1 

-0.5 

-2.3* 

0.6 

-0.1 

-2.4* 

(-3.1, -1.2) 

(-9.3, -0.9) 

(0.6, 2.8) 

(-0.9, 0.8) 

(-3.7, -1.2) 

(-1.9, 0.2) 

(-4.0, 0.3) 

(-3.8, 2.2) 

(-1.6, 1.6) 

(-3.6, -0.1) 

NA 

(-1.7, -0.1) 

(-3.7, 2.1) 

(-3.6, 2.9) 

(-1.3, 0.2) 

(-3.1, 4.6) 

(-2.5, 0.4) 

(-2.5, -0.1) 

(-1.9, 1.8) 

(-2.4, 1.4) 

(-4.2, -0.4) 

(-0.8, 2.1) 

(-1.4, 1.2) 

(-4.1, -0.8) 

Excludes households with missing information on bank account access methods used. Monthly income volatility is not available in 2013. * indicates differences 

that are statistically significant at the 10% level. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The 

population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 
50 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

B.9 Mobile Banking as Primary Method Used to Access Bank Accounts by Banking Status and 

Household Characteristics, 2013-2017 

For all banked households that accessed their account in the past 12 months 

Characteristics 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% 

Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

All 

Unbanked and 

underbanked 

5.7 9.5 15.6 (15.2, 16.0) 6.1* (5.6, 6.6) 

Banked: Underbanked 9.5 12.6 20.8 (19.8, 21.8) 8.2* (7.0, 9.5) 

Banked: Fully banked 4.7 8.7 14.5 (14.0, 14.9) 5.8* (5.2, 6.3) 

Banked: Underbanked status 

unknown 

Family income 

2.7 6.1 9.5 (7.9, 11.4) 3.4* (0.9, 5.8) 

Less than $15,000 4.0 7.1 11.2 (10.1, 12.5) 4.2* (2.7, 5.6) 

$15,000 to $30,000 5.3 8.1 11.7 (10.8, 12.7) 3.6* (2.4, 4.8) 

$30,000 to $50,000 6.3 9.7 16.0 (15.1, 16.9) 6.3* (5.1, 7.4) 

$50,000 to $75,000 6.4 11.3 15.8 (14.9, 16.7) 4.5* (3.3, 5.7) 

At least $75,000 

Education 

5.7 9.7 17.9 (17.2, 18.6) 8.2* (7.3, 9.0) 

No high school diploma 2.4 4.0 8.2 (7.3, 9.3) 4.2* (2.9, 5.5) 

High school diploma 4.3 7.5 11.6 (10.9, 12.4) 4.1* (3.2, 5.0) 

Some college 7.4 11.6 17.5 (16.7, 18.2) 5.9* (4.9, 6.8) 

College degree 

Age group 

6.2 10.4 18.2 (17.5, 19.0) 7.8* (6.9, 8.7) 

15 to 24 years 20.3 25.0 36.1 (33.7, 38.4) 11.1* (7.8, 14.3) 

25 to 34 years 13.2 21.9 35.0 (33.6, 36.4) 13.1* (11.2, 15.1) 

35 to 44 years 8.9 14.3 22.6 (21.5, 23.9) 8.4* (6.9, 9.9) 

45 to 54 years 3.7 7.6 13.2 (12.4, 14.1) 5.7* (4.6, 6.7) 

55 to 64 years 1.4 3.4 7.0 (6.4, 7.7) 3.7* (2.9, 4.4) 

65 years or more 

Race/Ethnicity 

0.6 1.2 2.7 (2.4, 3.0) 1.4* (1.0, 1.8) 

Black 7.8 11.3 17.7 (16.3, 19.1) 6.4* (4.6, 8.2) 

Hispanic 8.3 12.6 19.3 (17.9, 20.7) 6.7* (5.0, 8.4) 

Asian 5.7 9.0 16.3 (14.6, 18.1) 7.3* (4.8, 9.8) 

White 5.0 8.6 14.5 (14.0, 15.0) 5.8* (5.2, 6.4) 

Other 

Disability status 

3.7 12.5 18.5 (15.0, 22.6) 6.0* (0.8, 11.3) 

Disabled, age 25 to 64 2.7 6.6 10.0 (9.0, 11.2) 3.5* (2.0, 5.0) 

Not disabled, age 25 to 64 6.9 11.9 19.8 (19.2, 20.4) 8.0* (7.2, 8.7) 

Not applicable (not age 25 

to 64) 

Monthly income volatility 

3.9 5.2 8.2 (7.8, 8.7) 3.1* (2.4, 3.7) 

Income was about the same 

each month 8.7 14.9 (14.4, 15.4) 6.2* (5.6, 6.8) 

Income varied somewhat 

from month to month 13.0 19.6 (18.6, 20.7) 6.6* (5.2, 8.0) 

Income varied a lot from 

month to month 13.0 19.3 (16.9, 21.9) 6.3* (3.3, 9.3) 

Unknown 5.7 10.0 (8.6, 11.6) 4.3* (2.4, 6.2) 
51 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

B.9 Mobile Banking as Primary Method Used to Access Bank Accounts by Banking Status and 

Household Characteristics, 2013-2017 

For all banked households that accessed their account in the past 12 months 

Characteristics 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% 

Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

Employment status 

Employed 

Unemployed 

Not in labor force 

Homeownership 

Homeowner 

Non-homeowner 

Household type 

Married couple 

Unmarried female-headed 

family 

Unmarried male-headed 

family 

Female individual 

Male individual 

Other 

Nativity 

U.S.-born 

Foreign-born citizen 

Foreign-born non-citizen 

Spanish only language 

spoken 

Spanish is not only language 

spoken 

Spanish is only language 

spoken 

Metropolitan status 

Metropolitan area - principal 

city 

Metropolitan area - balance 

Not in metropolitan area 

Not identified 

Geographic region 

Northeast 

Midwest 

South 

West 

7.5 

8.3 

2.0 

3.9 

9.6 

4.8 

7.5 

8.8 

5.1 

7.0 

NA 

5.8 

4.1 

6.9 

5.8 

3.5 

6.8 

6.0 

3.2 

5.5 

3.9 

4.4 

6.7 

6.7 

12.5 

11.4 

3.7 

7.2 

14.0 

8.5 

12.4 

12.6 

7.6 

11.1 

NA 

9.7 

6.9 

9.9 

9.6 

4.8 

11.1 

9.5 

6.7 

8.9 

7.4 

9.1 

10.0 

10.7 

20.4 

21.2 

6.3 

12.3 

22.1 

14.8 

19.4 

17.9 

12.9 

17.5 

NA 

15.7 

12.4 

17.9 

15.8 

9.3 

18.1 

15.6 

11.2 

14.5 

12.3 

15.3 

15.9 

18.0 

(19.8, 20.9) 

(18.1, 24.7) 

(5.9, 6.8) 

(11.9, 12.8) 

(21.3, 22.9) 

(14.2, 15.4) 

(18.1, 20.9) 

(15.8, 20.1) 

(12.1, 13.8) 

(16.6, 18.6) 

NA 

(15.3, 16.2) 

(11.1, 13.8) 

(16.1, 19.8) 

(15.4, 16.2) 

(7.4, 11.5) 

(17.3, 19.0) 

(15.0, 16.3) 

(10.1, 12.4) 

(13.4, 15.6) 

(11.4, 13.2) 

(14.3, 16.3) 

(15.1, 16.6) 

(17.1, 19.0) 

7.8* 

9.8* 

2.6* 

5.1* 

8.1* 

6.3* 

7.0* 

5.3* 

5.3* 

6.4* 

NA 

6.0* 

5.4* 

8.0* 

6.2* 

4.5* 

7.1* 

6.1* 

4.5* 

5.6* 

4.9* 

6.2* 

5.9* 

7.4* 

(7.2, 8.6) 

(5.9, 13.6) 

(2.0, 3.2) 

(4.6, 5.7) 

(7.0, 9.1) 

(5.6, 7.0) 

(5.2, 8.8) 

(2.6, 8.0) 

(4.3, 6.3) 

(5.1, 7.8) 

NA 

(5.5, 6.6) 

(3.7, 7.2) 

(5.5, 10.4) 

(5.7, 6.8) 

(1.8, 7.1) 

(6.0, 8.1) 

(5.3, 6.9) 

(3.2, 5.7) 

(4.3, 6.9) 

(3.8, 6.0) 

(5.0, 7.4) 

(5.0, 6.8) 

(6.2, 8.5) 

Excludes households with missing information on bank account access methods used. Monthly income volatility is not available in 2013. * indicates differences 

that are statistically significant at the 10% level. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The 

population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 
B.10 Use of Bank Teller Only to Access Bank Accounts by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 

2013-2017 

For all banked households that accessed their account in the past 12 months 

Characteristics 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% 

Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

All 

Unbanked and 

underbanked 

17.5 14.6 12.6 (12.2, 13.0) -2.0* (-2.5, -1.6) 

Banked: Underbanked 13.8 12.8 10.1 (9.4, 10.8) -2.7* (-3.9, -1.6) 

Banked: Fully banked 18.3 15.0 13.1 (12.7, 13.5) -1.9* (-2.5, -1.3) 

Banked: Underbanked status 

unknown 

Family income 

25.5 19.3 16.2 (14.2, 18.4) -3.1 (-6.5, 0.2) 

Less than $15,000 33.7 27.4 26.3 (24.7, 27.9) -1.1 (-3.0, 0.8) 

$15,000 to $30,000 28.6 24.7 23.3 (22.2, 24.5) -1.4 (-2.9, 0.2) 

$30,000 to $50,000 19.1 16.8 15.2 (14.3, 16.1) -1.6* (-2.9, -0.3) 

$50,000 to $75,000 12.6 11.5 10.1 (9.4, 10.8) -1.5* (-2.4, -0.6) 

At least $75,000 

Education 

7.6 6.2 4.9 (4.5, 5.3) -1.3* (-1.9, -0.7) 

No high school diploma 39.3 33.6 30.9 (29.2, 32.7) -2.7* (-5.1, -0.3) 

High school diploma 24.7 21.9 18.7 (17.9, 19.6) -3.1* (-4.3, -2.0) 

Some college 14.9 12.1 10.7 (10.1, 11.3) -1.5* (-2.3, -0.6) 

College degree 

Age group 

8.9 7.0 6.4 (6.0, 6.8) -0.7* (-1.3, 0.0) 

15 to 24 years 9.6 5.8 5.2 (4.1, 6.7) -0.5 (-2.2, 1.2) 

25 to 34 years 7.0 6.1 3.5 (3.1, 4.0) -2.6* (-3.3, -1.8) 

35 to 44 years 8.9 7.3 6.4 (5.7, 7.1) -1.0* (-1.9, -0.1) 

45 to 54 years 12.2 9.6 8.2 (7.5, 8.9) -1.4* (-2.4, -0.4) 

55 to 64 years 17.8 14.8 11.9 (11.2, 12.6) -3.0* (-3.9, -2.0) 

65 years or more 

Race/Ethnicity 

36.8 30.6 27.7 (26.8, 28.6) -2.9* (-4.2, -1.7) 

Black 18.7 15.5 12.6 (11.6, 13.8) -2.9* (-4.4, -1.3) 

Hispanic 19.8 16.0 13.3 (12.2, 14.5) -2.7* (-4.4, -1.0) 

Asian 16.5 12.7 11.0 (9.4, 13.0) -1.6 (-4.1, 0.9) 

White 17.0 14.4 12.6 (12.2, 13.1) -1.8* (-2.3, -1.2) 

Other 

Disability status 

16.6 13.6 10.2 (8.0, 12.9) -3.4 (-7.1, 0.3) 

Disabled, age 25 to 64 19.5 17.9 16.1 (14.7, 17.7) -1.8 (-3.8, 0.3) 

Not disabled, age 25 to 64 10.8 8.6 6.6 (6.3, 7.0) -2.0* (-2.5, -1.5) 

Not applicable (not age 25 

to 64) 

Monthly income volatility 

32.2 26.5 23.9 (23.1, 24.8) -2.6* (-3.7, -1.4) 

Income was about the same 

each month 15.6 13.4 (12.9, 13.8) -2.2* (-2.8, -1.7) 

Income varied somewhat 

from month to month 10.2 8.3 (7.6, 9.2) -1.8* (-3.1, -0.6) 

Income varied a lot from 

month to month 11.5 10.1 (8.7, 11.8) -1.4 (-3.5, 0.8) 

Unknown 17.5 16.6 (14.9, 18.5) -0.9 (-3.6, 1.7) 

52
53 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

B.10 Use of Bank Teller Only to Access Bank Accounts by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 

2013-2017 

For all banked households that accessed their account in the past 12 months 

Characteristics 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% 

Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

Employment status 

Employed 

Unemployed 

Not in labor force 

Homeownership 

Homeowner 

Non-homeowner 

Household type 

Married couple 

Unmarried female-headed 

family 

Unmarried male-headed 

family 

Female individual 

Male individual 

Other 

Nativity 

U.S.-born 

Foreign-born citizen 

Foreign-born non-citizen 

Spanish only language 

spoken 

Spanish is not only language 

spoken 

Spanish is only language 

spoken 

Metropolitan status 

Metropolitan area - principal 

city 

Metropolitan area - balance 

Not in metropolitan area 

Not identified 

Geographic region 

Northeast 

Midwest 

South 

West 

10.9 

12.8 

30.5 

18.4 

15.5 

14.5 

15.1 

17.3 

25.7 

19.5 

NA 

16.8 

22.2 

21.0 

17.2 

37.2 

15.7 

14.9 

26.8 

18.2 

17.4 

19.6 

19.4 

12.3 

8.7 

8.7 

26.0 

15.4 

13.1 

11.8 

11.6 

11.8 

22.5 

17.2 

NA 

14.1 

19.1 

15.6 

14.3 

32.5 

12.2 

12.4 

23.8 

17.0 

13.8 

16.9 

16.1 

10.6 

7.0 

9.3 

23.1 

13.2 

11.4 

10.1 

10.5 

12.0 

19.1 

14.5 

NA 

12.3 

14.0 

14.3 

12.1 

26.0 

9.9 

10.9 

20.9 

15.3 

13.3 

14.5 

12.9 

9.7 

(6.7, 7.4) 

(7.4, 11.6) 

(22.2, 24.0) 

(12.8, 13.6) 

(10.7, 12.0) 

(9.6, 10.6) 

(9.5, 11.5) 

(10.5, 13.6) 

(18.1, 20.1) 

(13.6, 15.5) 

NA 

(11.9, 12.7) 

(12.7, 15.5) 

(12.6, 16.0) 

(11.8, 12.5) 

(23.4, 28.8) 

(9.3, 10.6) 

(10.4, 11.4) 

(19.5, 22.3) 

(14.3, 16.4) 

(12.4, 14.3) 

(13.7, 15.3) 

(12.3, 13.5) 

(9.0, 10.3) 

-1.6* 

0.6 

-2.9* 

-2.2* 

-1.8* 

-1.7* 

-1.1 

0.2 

-3.5* 

-2.7* 

NA 

-1.8* 

-5.1* 

-1.3 

-2.2* 

-6.5* 

-2.3* 

-1.5* 

-2.9* 

-1.7* 

-0.5 

-2.4* 

-3.2* 

-0.9* 

(-2.0, -1.2) 

(-2.4, 3.6) 

(-4.0, -1.8) 

(-2.8, -1.6) 

(-2.6, -0.9) 

(-2.4, -1.1) 

(-2.6, 0.4) 

(-2.0, 2.5) 

(-4.9, -2.1) 

(-3.9, -1.5) 

NA 

(-2.3, -1.3) 

(-7.0, -3.1) 

(-3.6, 1.0) 

(-2.6, -1.7) 

(-11.0, -1.9) 

(-3.2, -1.4) 

(-2.2, -0.7) 

(-4.7, -1.2) 

(-3.0, -0.4) 

(-1.8, 0.7) 

(-3.5, -1.3) 

(-4.0, -2.3) 

(-1.8, -0.1) 

Excludes households with missing information on bank account access methods used. Monthly income volatility is not available in 2013. * indicates differences 

that are statistically significant at the 10% level. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The 

population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 
B.11 Number of Bank Branch Visits Among Banked Households by Banking Status and Household 

Characteristics, 2017 

For all banked households, row percent 

Characteristics 

Number of 

Households 

(1000s) 

Percent of 

Households 

1 to 4 times 

(Percent) 

5 to 9 times 

(Percent) 

10 or more 

times 

(Percent) 

Visited bank 

branch, 

frequency 

unknown 

(Percent) 

Did not visit 

bank branch 

in past 12 

months 

(Percent) 

All 

Unbanked and 

underbanked 

116,652 100.0 30.8 18.2 35.4 1.6 14.0 

Banked: Underbanked 24,112 100.0 32.4 17.4 37.0 0.6 12.6 

Banked: Fully banked 88,181 100.0 30.7 18.6 35.5 1.0 14.3 

Banked: Underbanked 

status unknown 

Family income 

4,359 100.0 24.2 14.8 25.3 21.6 14.1 

Less than $15,000 11,356 100.0 28.9 13.5 35.7 1.9 20.0 

$15,000 to $30,000 16,702 100.0 29.1 15.6 38.6 2.2 14.5 

$30,000 to $50,000 23,456 100.0 30.3 18.0 36.5 1.9 13.3 

$50,000 to $75,000 22,727 100.0 30.7 18.6 36.6 1.2 12.8 

At least $75,000 

Education 

42,412 100.0 32.3 20.2 32.9 1.5 13.1 

No high school diploma 9,256 100.0 27.1 13.2 39.7 2.3 17.8 

High school diploma 28,994 100.0 29.3 15.9 39.3 1.9 13.6 

Some college 34,226 100.0 30.1 18.7 36.5 1.6 13.2 

College degree 

Age group 

44,175 100.0 33.1 20.3 31.2 1.4 14.0 

15 to 24 years 5,810 100.0 34.7 17.5 30.1 0.9 16.9 

25 to 34 years 18,583 100.0 35.6 18.0 26.1 1.3 19.0 

35 to 44 years 19,197 100.0 35.2 17.9 28.1 2.1 16.7 

45 to 54 years 20,844 100.0 30.9 19.1 35.7 1.5 12.8 

55 to 64 years 22,326 100.0 28.7 18.0 40.0 1.5 11.8 

65 years or more 

Race/Ethnicity 

29,892 100.0 25.7 18.0 43.5 2.0 10.9 

Black 14,503 100.0 35.3 17.7 27.2 1.8 18.0 

Hispanic 13,729 100.0 35.3 16.0 29.7 1.8 17.2 

Asian 6,289 100.0 34.1 17.3 26.7 2.3 19.6 

White 80,391 100.0 29.0 18.7 38.4 1.5 12.2 

Other 

Disability status 

1,740 100.0 27.0 15.6 43.1 1.1 13.2 

Disabled, age 25 to 64 8,975 100.0 30.2 16.1 37.1 1.0 15.6 

Not disabled, age 25 to 64 71,975 100.0 32.7 18.5 32.3 1.6 14.8 

Not applicable (not age 

25 to 64) 

Monthly income 

volatility 

35,702 100.0 27.1 17.9 41.3 1.8 11.8 

Income was about the 

same each month 

86,505 100.0 31.4 18.4 34.7 0.8 14.7 

Income varied somewhat 

from month to month 

19,483 100.0 31.0 18.5 38.8 0.7 10.9 

Income varied a lot from 

month to month 

4,321 100.0 25.7 17.0 46.7 1.2 9.3 

Unknown 6,343 100.0 24.9 15.1 27.6 16.0 16.4 

54
55 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

B.11 Number of Bank Branch Visits Among Banked Households by Banking Status and Household 

Characteristics, 2017 

For all banked households, row percent 

Characteristics 

Number of 

Households 

(1000s) 

Percent of 

Households 

1 to 4 times 

(Percent) 

5 to 9 times 

(Percent) 

10 or more 

times 

(Percent) 

Visited bank 

branch, 

frequency 

unknown 

(Percent) 

Did not visit 

bank branch 

in past 12 

months 

(Percent) 

Employment status 

Employed 

Unemployed 

Not in labor force 

Homeownership 

Homeowner 

Non-homeowner 

Household type 

Married couple 

Unmarried female-headed 

family 

Unmarried male-headed 

family 

Female individual 

Male individual 

Other 

Nativity 

U.S.-born 

Foreign-born citizen 

Foreign-born non-citizen 

Spanish only language 

spoken 

Spanish is not only 

language spoken 

Spanish is only language 

spoken 

Metropolitan status 

Metropolitan area -

principal city 

Metropolitan area - 

balance 

Not in metropolitan area 

Not identified 

Geographic region 

Northeast 

Midwest 

South 

West 

73,352 

2,688 

40,611 

77,695 

38,957 

57,714 

12,376 

5,765 

21,504 

19,019 

NA 

100,388 

9,192 

7,072 

113,069 

3,583 

33,515 

50,856 

15,635 

16,645 

20,668 

25,352 

44,000 

26,632 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

NA 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

32.4 

29.3 

28.0 

29.9 

32.6 

30.2 

31.7 

29.2 

31.9 

31.0 

NA 

30.1 

34.4 

35.4 

30.7 

32.8 

33.5 

32.8 

22.5 

26.8 

29.5 

27.8 

32.7 

31.5 

18.6 

21.1 

17.3 

18.9 

16.7 

18.9 

18.8 

18.1 

16.8 

17.2 

NA 

18.5 

17.9 

14.1 

18.3 

14.7 

17.9 

18.7 

17.9 

17.4 

17.8 

18.3 

18.1 

18.5 

33.3 

34.9 

39.3 

38.1 

30.1 

37.2 

32.6 

37.3 

32.6 

34.9 

NA 

36.6 

28.1 

28.7 

35.6 

31.8 

29.8 

32.7 

49.0 

42.6 

36.8 

41.4 

32.4 

33.8 

1.5 

2.0 

1.8 

1.6 

1.8 

1.6 

1.0 

1.8 

1.9 

1.7 

NA 

1.5 

3.0 

2.2 

1.6 

3.3 

1.6 

1.7 

1.2 

1.9 

2.0 

1.5 

1.7 

1.4 

14.2 

12.8 

13.7 

11.5 

18.9 

12.1 

15.9 

13.7 

16.7 

15.2 

NA 

13.3 

16.6 

19.6 

13.8 

17.4 

17.1 

14.0 

9.5 

11.4 

13.9 

11.0 

15.1 

14.8 

Excludes households with missing information on whether the household visited a bank branch. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise 

estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of 

rounding. 
B.12 Number of Bank Branch Visits Among Banked Households That Visited a Branch by Banking Status 

and Household Characteristics, 2017 

For all banked households that visited a bank branch in the past 12 months, row percent 

Characteristics 

Number of 

Households 

(1000s) 

Percent of 

Households 

1 to 4 times 

(Percent) 

5 to 9 times 

(Percent) 

10 or more 

times 

(Percent) 

Visited bank 

branch, 

frequency 

unknown 

(Percent) 

All 

Unbanked and 

underbanked 

100,377 100.0 35.8 21.1 41.2 1.9 

Banked: Underbanked 21,065 100.0 37.1 19.9 42.3 0.7 

Banked: Fully banked 75,567 100.0 35.8 21.6 41.5 1.1 

Banked: Underbanked 

status unknown 

Family income 

3,745 100.0 28.1 17.2 29.5 25.1 

Less than $15,000 9,090 100.0 36.1 16.9 44.6 2.3 

$15,000 to $30,000 14,285 100.0 34.0 18.3 45.1 2.6 

$30,000 to $50,000 20,332 100.0 35.0 20.8 42.1 2.1 

$50,000 to $75,000 19,818 100.0 35.2 21.4 42.0 1.4 

At least $75,000 

Education 

36,852 100.0 37.1 23.3 37.9 1.7 

No high school diploma 7,612 100.0 32.9 16.1 48.2 2.8 

High school diploma 25,062 100.0 33.9 18.4 45.5 2.3 

Some college 29,713 100.0 34.6 21.5 42.1 1.8 

College degree 

Age group 

37,989 100.0 38.5 23.6 36.3 1.6 

15 to 24 years 4,830 100.0 41.7 21.0 36.2 1.1 

25 to 34 years 15,050 100.0 44.0 22.2 32.2 1.5 

35 to 44 years 15,990 100.0 42.2 21.5 33.7 2.5 

45 to 54 years 18,181 100.0 35.5 21.9 40.9 1.7 

55 to 64 years 19,680 100.0 32.5 20.5 45.4 1.6 

65 years or more 

Race/Ethnicity 

26,646 100.0 28.8 20.2 48.8 2.2 

Black 11,896 100.0 43.1 21.6 33.1 2.2 

Hispanic 11,363 100.0 42.6 19.4 35.8 2.2 

Asian 5,060 100.0 42.4 21.6 33.2 2.9 

White 70,548 100.0 33.1 21.4 43.8 1.8 

Other 

Disability status 

1,511 100.0 31.1 17.9 49.7 1.3 

Disabled, age 25 to 64 7,577 100.0 35.8 19.1 44.0 1.2 

Not disabled, age 25 to 64 61,324 100.0 38.3 21.8 38.0 1.9 

Not applicable (not age 

25 to 64) 

Monthly income 

volatility 

31,476 100.0 30.8 20.3 46.8 2.1 

Income was about the 

same each month 73,802 100.0 36.8 21.5 40.7 1.0 

56
57 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

B.12 Number of Bank Branch Visits Among Banked Households That Visited a Branch by Banking Status 

and Household Characteristics, 2017 

For all banked households that visited a bank branch in the past 12 months, row percent 

Characteristics 

Number of 

Households 

(1000s) 

Percent of 

Households 

1 to 4 times 

(Percent) 

5 to 9 times 

(Percent) 

10 or more 

times 

(Percent) 

Visited bank 

branch, 

frequency 

unknown 

(Percent) 

Income varied somewhat 

from month to month 

Income varied a lot from 

month to month 

Unknown 

Employment status 

Employed 

Unemployed 

Not in labor force 

Homeownership 

Homeowner 

Non-homeowner 

Household type 

Married couple 

Unmarried female-headed 

family 

Unmarried male-headed 

family 

Female individual 

Male individual 

Other 

Nativity 

U.S.-born 

Foreign-born citizen 

Foreign-born non-citizen 

Spanish only language 

spoken 

Spanish is not only 

language spoken 

Spanish is only language 

spoken 

Metropolitan status 

Metropolitan area -

principal city 

Metropolitan area - 

balance 

Not in metropolitan area 

Not identified 

Geographic region 

Northeast 

Midwest 

South 

West 

17,356 

3,918 

5,302 

62,966 

2,345 

35,065 

68,764 

31,613 

50,746 

10,403 

4,977 

17,912 

16,128 

NA 

87,022 

7,667 

5,688 

97,417 

2,960 

27,769 

43,712 

14,155 

14,742 

17,789 

22,564 

37,341 

22,683 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

NA 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

34.8 

28.3 

29.8 

37.8 

33.6 

32.4 

33.8 

40.1 

34.4 

37.7 

33.8 

38.3 

36.6 

NA 

34.8 

41.2 

44.0 

35.7 

39.7 

40.5 

38.2 

24.9 

30.3 

34.2 

31.2 

38.5 

37.0 

20.8 

18.7 

18.0 

21.6 

24.2 

20.0 

21.4 

20.5 

21.5 

22.4 

20.9 

20.1 

20.2 

NA 

21.3 

21.5 

17.5 

21.2 

17.8 

21.6 

21.7 

19.7 

19.6 

20.6 

20.6 

21.3 

21.7 

43.6 

51.6 

33.0 

38.8 

40.0 

45.5 

43.1 

37.1 

42.3 

38.7 

43.2 

39.2 

41.2 

NA 

42.2 

33.7 

35.7 

41.3 

38.5 

35.9 

38.1 

54.1 

48.0 

42.8 

46.5 

38.1 

39.6 

0.8 

1.4 

19.2 

1.8 

2.3 

2.1 

1.8 

2.2 

1.9 

1.2 

2.1 

2.3 

2.0 

NA 

1.7 

3.6 

2.7 

1.9 

4.0 

2.0 

2.0 

1.3 

2.1 

2.3 

1.7 

2.0 

1.7 

NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater 

than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 
B.13 Number of Bank Branch Visits Among Unbanked Households by Previous Banking Status and 

Household Characteristics, 2017 

For all unbanked households, row percent 

Characteristics 

Number of 

Households 

(1000s) 

Percent of 

Households 

1 to 4 times 

(Percent) 

5 to 9 times 

(Percent) 

10 or more 

times 

(Percent) 

Visited bank 

branch, 

frequency 

unknown 

(Percent) 

Did not visit 

bank branch 

in past 12 

months 

(Percent) 

All 

Previously banked 

Once had bank account 

Never had bank account 

Unknown 

Family income 

Less than $15,000 

$15,000 to $30,000 

$30,000 to $50,000 

$50,000 to $75,000 

At least $75,000 

Education 

No high school diploma 

High school diploma 

Some college 

College degree 

Age group 

15 to 24 years 

25 to 34 years 

35 to 44 years 

45 to 54 years 

55 to 64 years 

65 years or more 

Race/Ethnicity 

Black 

Hispanic 

Asian 

White 

Other 

Disability status 

Disabled, age 25 to 64 

Not disabled, age 25 to 64 

Not applicable (not age 

25 to 64) 

Monthly income 

volatility 

Income was about the 

same each month 

Income varied somewhat 

from month to month 

7,728 

3,699 

3,993 

NA 

3,769 

2,258 

1,180 

NA 

NA 

2,589 

2,891 

1,756 

492 

578 

1,670 

1,539 

1,485 

1,357 

1,099 

2,827 

2,126 

NA 

2,403 

NA 

1,887 

4,164 

1,677 

5,164 

1,400 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

NA 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

NA 

NA 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

NA 

100.0 

NA 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

7.7 

11.6 

4.0 

NA 

6.6 

7.1 

12.1 

NA 

NA 

3.8 

6.8 

13.6 

11.6 

5.9 

10.0 

8.2 

5.4 

8.9 

5.9 

8.3 

5.3 

NA 

9.1 

NA 

6.0 

9.1 

5.9 

7.5 

9.1 

2.2 

3.8 

0.8 

NA 

1.7 

2.4 

2.0 

NA 

NA 

2.6 

2.3 

1.5 

2.2 

1.0 

2.5 

1.1 

4.2 

2.0 

1.7 

1.7 

2.3 

NA 

3.0 

NA 

2.5 

2.4 

1.4 

2.3 

1.9 

4.7 

6.1 

3.2 

NA 

3.6 

5.8 

6.1 

NA 

NA 

4.2 

4.0 

6.8 

4.1 

9.2 

3.4 

4.1 

5.4 

5.2 

3.7 

2.2 

3.7 

NA 

8.9 

NA 

4.7 

4.4 

5.6 

4.9 

4.1 

0.1 

-

0.2 

NA 

0.2 

-

-

NA 

NA 

0.2 

-

0.1 

-

0.3 

0.1 

-

-

-

0.4 

-

0.2 

NA 

0.1 

NA 

-

-

0.4 

0.1 

-

85.3 

78.5 

91.8 

NA 

88.0 

84.7 

79.8 

NA 

NA 

89.1 

86.9 

78.0 

82.1 

83.5 

84.1 

86.7 

84.9 

83.9 

88.4 

87.7 

88.6 

NA 

78.9 

NA 

86.8 

84.1 

86.7 

85.2 

84.9 

58
59 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

B.13 Number of Bank Branch Visits Among Unbanked Households by Previous Banking Status and 

Household Characteristics, 2017 

For all unbanked households, row percent 

Characteristics 

Number of 

Households 

(1000s) 

Percent of 

Households 

1 to 4 times 

(Percent) 

5 to 9 times 

(Percent) 

10 or more 

times 

(Percent) 

Visited bank 

branch, 

frequency 

unknown 

(Percent) 

Did not visit 

bank branch 

in past 12 

months 

(Percent) 

Income varied a lot from 

month to month 

Unknown 

Employment status 

Employed 

Unemployed 

Not in labor force 

Homeownership 

Homeowner 

Non-homeowner 

Household type 

Married couple 

Unmarried female-headed 

family 

Unmarried male-headed 

family 

Female individual 

Male individual 

Other 

Nativity 

U.S.-born 

Foreign-born citizen 

Foreign-born non-citizen 

Spanish only language 

spoken 

Spanish is not only 

language spoken 

Spanish is only language 

spoken 

Metropolitan status 

Metropolitan area -

principal city 

Metropolitan area - 

balance 

Not in metropolitan area 

Not identified 

Geographic region 

Northeast 

Midwest 

South 

West 

642 

522 

3,303 

639 

3,785 

1,687 

6,041 

1,428 

2,196 

631 

1,647 

1,775 

NA 

5,990 

NA 

1,292 

6,643 

1,085 

3,266 

2,251 

1,237 

974 

1,196 

1,404 

3,515 

1,614 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

NA 

100.0 

NA 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

9.6 

3.3 

10.2 

9.4 

5.2 

6.3 

8.1 

7.6 

10.5 

5.4 

7.7 

5.0 

NA 

8.3 

NA 

6.2 

8.2 

4.6 

8.4 

8.3 

6.4 

5.6 

5.4 

13.0 

6.9 

6.4 

2.2 

2.2 

2.8 

3.2 

1.5 

2.7 

2.1 

1.6 

1.2 

1.5 

3.7 

2.9 

NA 

2.2 

NA 

2.5 

2.4 

1.4 

2.5 

2.1 

0.6 

3.4 

3.1 

2.0 

1.2 

4.0 

4.8 

4.1 

5.7 

3.6 

4.0 

5.2 

4.6 

4.1 

4.3 

4.3 

3.5 

7.1 

NA 

5.3 

NA 

3.5 

5.0 

3.0 

2.9 

5.0 

8.0 

6.3 

5.5 

5.4 

4.6 

3.7 

0.3 

-

0.1 

-

0.1 

-

0.1 

-

-

-

0.1 

0.3 

NA 

-

NA 

0.3 

0.1 

-

0.1 

-

-

0.3 

0.2 

-

-

0.3 

83.1 

90.4 

81.2 

83.8 

89.1 

85.7 

85.2 

86.7 

84.0 

88.7 

85.0 

84.7 

NA 

84.2 

NA 

87.5 

84.4 

91.0 

86.1 

84.6 

85.0 

84.4 

85.9 

79.6 

87.3 

85.5 

Excludes households with missing information on whether the household visited a bank branch. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise 

estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of 

rounding. 
B.14 Mobile Activities Among Banked Households by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 2017 

For all banked households, row percent 

Characteristics 

Number of 

Households 

(1000s) 

Percent of 

Households 

Checked 

email about 

an account 

(Percent) 

Text 

message 

alert 

(Percent) 

Checked 

balance or 

transactions 

(Percent) 

Bill 

payment 

(Percent) 

Sent money 

to others 

(Percent) 

Transferred 

money 

between 

accounts 

(Percent) 

Deposited 

a check 

electronically 

(Percent) 

All 

Unbanked and 

underbanked 

120,843 100.0 44.1 34.0 35.4 26.5 13.7 25.4 18.0 

Banked: 

Underbanked 24,181 100.0 52.8 42.3 42.5 30.7 16.9 29.5 19.7 

Banked: Fully 

banked 

Banked: 

88,464 100.0 44.3 33.9 35.7 27.0 13.7 26.1 18.8 

Underbanked 

status unknown 

Family income 

8,198 100.0 17.2 11.5 11.4 8.1 3.7 5.5 4.2 

Less than $15,000 11,882 100.0 26.4 18.5 18.3 11.1 5.8 10.0 6.4 

$15,000 to $30,000 17,410 100.0 29.6 20.3 21.2 13.8 6.0 11.6 7.7 

$30,000 to $50,000 24,316 100.0 38.8 28.4 30.4 21.6 9.9 19.7 12.9 

$50,000 to $75,000 23,418 100.0 46.0 34.7 36.1 27.4 13.0 25.9 17.7 

At least $75,000 

Education 

43,819 100.0 56.7 46.4 48.1 37.9 21.4 37.8 28.3 

No high school 

diploma 9,668 100.0 25.0 17.5 14.8 10.0 4.4 8.0 5.0 

High school 

diploma 30,185 100.0 33.6 24.8 25.2 17.8 7.3 15.6 9.2 

Some college 35,442 100.0 45.3 34.1 36.5 26.6 12.6 25.6 16.2 

College degree 

Age group 

45,548 100.0 54.3 43.6 45.8 35.6 20.7 35.3 28.0 

15 to 24 years 5,964 100.0 67.6 45.2 59.2 40.1 22.6 39.3 27.3 

25 to 34 years 19,210 100.0 67.6 50.6 60.7 45.0 26.5 44.4 34.4 

35 to 44 years 19,862 100.0 59.8 45.2 50.2 38.2 19.3 36.6 26.9 

45 to 54 years 21,675 100.0 49.0 39.4 39.6 30.3 14.6 28.8 19.2 

55 to 64 years 23,032 100.0 37.0 30.5 25.6 19.1 9.4 18.0 11.6 

65 years or more 

Race/Ethnicity 

31,101 100.0 17.0 13.4 10.2 7.7 3.1 6.9 4.4 

Black 15,131 100.0 46.3 38.9 35.0 25.3 15.4 24.1 14.8 

Hispanic 14,327 100.0 49.6 39.8 37.0 29.5 15.1 25.0 16.2 

Asian 6,621 100.0 53.5 44.4 41.7 33.4 21.5 28.4 25.3 

White 82,995 100.0 42.0 31.3 34.6 25.5 12.5 25.3 18.3 

Other 

Disability status 

1,770 100.0 45.9 35.3 39.3 29.5 13.5 29.7 16.7 

Disabled, age 25 

to 64 9,255 100.0 32.3 25.2 24.0 17.1 7.6 15.1 9.8 

Not disabled, age 

25 to 64 74,523 100.0 55.0 42.9 45.5 34.4 18.2 33.3 24.0 

Not applicable (not 

age 25 to 64) 37,065 100.0 25.2 18.5 18.1 12.9 6.2 12.1 8.1 

60
61 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

B.14 Mobile Activities Among Banked Households by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 2017 

For all banked households, row percent 

Characteristics 

Number of 

Households 

(1000s) 

Percent of 

Households 

Checked 

email about 

an account 

(Percent) 

Text 

message 

alert 

(Percent) 

Checked 

balance or 

transactions 

(Percent) 

Bill 

payment 

(Percent) 

Sent money 

to others 

(Percent) 

Transferred 

money 

between 

accounts 

(Percent) 

Deposited 

a check 

electronically 

(Percent) 

Monthly income 

volatility 

Income was about 

the same each 

month 

Income varied 

somewhat from 

month to month 

Income varied a 

lot from month to 

month 

Unknown 

Employment 

status 

Employed 

Unemployed 

Not in labor force 

Homeownership 

Homeowner 

Non-homeowner 

Household type 

Married couple 

Unmarried femaleheaded family 

Unmarried maleheaded family 

Female individual 

Male individual 

Other 

Nativity 

U.S.-born 

Foreign-born 

citizen 

Foreign-born noncitizen 

Spanish only 

language spoken 

Spanish is not only 

language spoken 

Spanish is only 

language spoken 

Metropolitan 

status 

Metropolitan area -

principal city 

Metropolitan area - 

balance 

Not in metropolitan 

area 

Not identified 

86,931 

19,543 

4,335 

10,034 

75,863 

2,750 

42,230 

80,380 

40,463 

59,588 

12,836 

5,948 

22,420 

19,778 

NA 

103,737 

9,653 

7,453 

117,104 

3,739 

34,890 

52,797 

16,066 

17,090 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

NA 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

44.3 

53.8 

51.9 

20.6 

54.9 

49.2 

24.4 

41.5 

49.4 

47.6 

49.0 

50.3 

32.0 

42.1 

NA 

43.4 

45.9 

51.4 

44.3 

37.5 

49.6 

45.9 

31.5 

39.5 

34.0 

42.1 

41.3 

15.1 

42.6 

40.1 

18.2 

32.0 

38.0 

37.2 

37.3 

37.3 

23.9 

32.5 

NA 

33.2 

37.6 

41.3 

34.2 

27.7 

40.0 

36.3 

20.5 

27.6 

35.5 

44.9 

43.6 

13.2 

45.7 

40.3 

16.6 

32.9 

40.5 

38.5 

39.6 

37.9 

25.8 

33.4 

NA 

35.6 

32.8 

36.2 

35.9 

19.6 

39.5 

36.7 

25.3 

32.8 

26.8 

32.8 

30.0 

10.0 

34.3 

28.8 

12.2 

25.3 

28.8 

29.4 

28.2 

27.8 

19.1 

24.1 

NA 

26.4 

25.0 

28.7 

26.8 

15.0 

29.9 

28.3 

16.7 

22.9 

13.9 

16.5 

18.3 

4.5 

18.0 

16.3 

5.8 

12.4 

16.3 

14.9 

13.6 

15.3 

10.1 

13.2 

NA 

13.4 

13.9 

17.7 

13.9 

7.4 

18.1 

14.2 

6.1 

10.4 

25.5 

32.3 

32.4 

7.6 

33.3 

28.5 

10.9 

24.4 

27.2 

28.8 

25.6 

24.1 

18.2 

23.0 

NA 

25.7 

22.2 

24.3 

25.8 

11.5 

29.1 

26.5 

16.0 

23.1 

18.1 

22.7 

24.9 

5.2 

23.7 

21.3 

7.6 

17.2 

19.7 

20.5 

17.1 

16.6 

13.0 

16.8 

NA 

18.1 

16.5 

18.2 

18.3 

7.4 

21.8 

19.4 

8.6 

14.9 
B.14 Mobile Activities Among Banked Households by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 2017 

For all banked households, row percent 

Characteristics 

Number of 

Households 

(1000s) 

Percent of 

Households 

Checked 

email about 

an account 

(Percent) 

Text 

message 

alert 

(Percent) 

Checked 

balance or 

transactions 

(Percent) 

Bill 

payment 

(Percent) 

Sent money 

to others 

(Percent) 

Transferred 

money 

between 

accounts 

(Percent) 

Deposited 

a check 

electronically 

(Percent) 

Geographic 

region 

Northeast 

Midwest 

South 

West 

21,419 

26,220 

45,547 

27,658 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

41.0 

40.9 

44.8 

48.4 

30.4 

29.9 

34.8 

39.5 

31.7 

34.8 

34.7 

40.0 

24.5 

24.8 

25.6 

31.1 

12.3 

11.7 

13.2 

17.5 

22.5 

24.3 

24.5 

30.0 

17.7 

16.2 

17.0 

21.6 

NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than 

zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 

62
63 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

B.15 Mobile Phone Access by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Characteristics 2013 

(Percent) 

2015

 (Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% 

Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% 

Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

All 

Unbanked and 

underbanked 

82.7 84.2 84.5 (84.1, 84.9) 0.3 (-0.2, 0.9) 

Unbanked 68.1 69.0 70.5 (68.2, 72.7) 1.5 (-1.5, 4.4) 

Banked: Underbanked 90.5 91.4 92.8 (92.1, 93.4) 1.4* (0.4, 2.3) 

Banked: Fully banked 86.8 88.6 90.0 (89.6, 90.4) 1.4* (0.8, 2.0) 

Banked: Underbanked status 

unknown 

Family income 

22.0 16.7 15.1 (13.4, 16.9) -1.6 (-3.9, 0.7) 

Less than $15,000 69.2 72.3 72.2 (70.8, 73.6) -0.1 (-2.1, 1.9) 

$15,000 to $30,000 74.4 77.7 77.8 (76.6, 79.0) 0.1 (-1.4, 1.6) 

$30,000 to $50,000 82.3 84.7 84.1 (83.2, 85.0) -0.5 (-1.6, 0.6) 

$50,000 to $75,000 88.3 87.3 88.0 (87.3, 88.7) 0.7 (-0.5, 1.9) 

At least $75,000 

Education 

91.6 90.9 90.3 (89.7, 90.9) -0.6 (-1.5, 0.3) 

No high school diploma 67.0 71.1 72.1 (70.6, 73.6) 1.1 (-1.1, 3.3) 

High school diploma 78.2 80.8 81.4 (80.6, 82.3) 0.6 (-0.5, 1.8) 

Some college 85.4 86.3 86.0 (85.2, 86.7) -0.3 (-1.3, 0.7) 

College degree 

Age group 

89.5 89.1 88.9 (88.3, 89.4) -0.3 (-1.1, 0.6) 

15 to 24 years 88.9 88.2 90.9 (89.5, 92.1) 2.7* (0.5, 4.9) 

25 to 34 years 89.9 89.8 89.8 (88.8, 90.7) 0.0 (-1.2, 1.2) 

35 to 44 years 89.1 87.9 88.5 (87.7, 89.3) 0.6 (-0.7, 1.8) 

45 to 54 years 86.6 87.6 87.8 (86.9, 88.5) 0.2 (-0.9, 1.3) 

55 to 64 years 83.5 84.8 85.5 (84.6, 86.4) 0.7 (-0.5, 1.8) 

65 years or more 

Race/Ethnicity 

67.3 73.6 74.0 (73.1, 74.9) 0.4 (-0.8, 1.7) 

Black 79.1 80.7 82.2 (80.9, 83.4) 1.5 (-0.3, 3.3) 

Hispanic 80.0 81.3 82.9 (81.6, 84.1) 1.6 (0.0, 3.3) 

Asian 86.4 84.7 82.6 (80.9, 84.2) -2.1 (-4.7, 0.5) 

White 83.7 85.3 85.4 (85.0, 85.9) 0.1 (-0.5, 0.8) 

Other 

Disability status 

81.1 88.7 85.6 (82.7, 88.0) -3.1 (-6.7, 0.4) 

Disabled, age 25 to 64 78.2 79.8 81.2 (79.8, 82.5) 1.3 (-0.6, 3.3) 

Not disabled, age 25 to 64 88.4 88.6 88.8 (88.2, 89.2) 0.2 (-0.5, 0.9) 

Not applicable (not age 25 

to 64) 

Monthly income volatility 

71.2 76.2 76.9 (76.1, 77.6) 0.7 (-0.4, 1.8) 

Income was about the same 

each month 89.0 91.0 (90.6, 91.4) 2.0* (1.5, 2.6) 

Income varied somewhat 

from month to month 93.7 95.8 (95.2, 96.3) 2.1* (1.3, 3.0) 

Income varied a lot from 

month to month 93.3 94.6 (93.3, 95.7) 1.3 (-0.4, 3.1) 

Unknown 10.1 5.1 (4.4, 6.0) -4.9* (-6.3, -3.6) 
B.15 Mobile Phone Access by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Characteristics 2013 

(Percent) 

2015

 (Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% 

Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% 

Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

Employment status 

Employed 

Unemployed 

Not in labor force 

Homeownership 

Homeowner 

Non-homeowner 

Household type 

Married couple 

Unmarried female-headed 

family 

Unmarried male-headed 

family 

Female individual 

Male individual 

Other 

Nativity 

U.S.-born 

Foreign-born citizen 

Foreign-born non-citizen 

Spanish only language 

spoken 

Spanish is not only language 

spoken 

Spanish is only language 

spoken 

Metropolitan status 

Metropolitan area - principal 

city 

Metropolitan area - balance 

Not in metropolitan area 

Not identified 

Geographic region 

Northeast 

Midwest 

South 

West 

89.0 

85.0 

71.2 

83.5 

81.2 

86.8 

84.2 

84.3 

73.2 

79.5 

NA 

83.1 

80.8 

79.2 

83.0 

70.2 

82.3 

84.6 

78.2 

82.8 

81.4 

82.7 

82.9 

83.4 

89.1 

87.6 

75.4 

85.2 

82.3 

87.8 

84.9 

85.4 

76.7 

81.4 

NA 

84.7 

81.9 

80.6 

84.4 

73.1 

83.9 

85.0 

82.2 

84.2 

81.6 

85.0 

84.7 

84.4 

89.4 

84.1 

76.2 

85.4 

82.9 

87.4 

86.0 

88.4 

77.6 

81.9 

NA 

85.1 

80.1 

82.4 

84.9 

75.3 

84.0 

85.1 

82.9 

85.4 

82.8 

86.2 

84.9 

83.6 

(88.9, 89.9) 

(81.8, 86.2) 

(75.4, 76.9) 

(84.9, 85.9) 

(82.1, 83.7) 

(86.8, 88.0) 

(84.9, 87.0) 

(86.7, 89.8) 

(76.7, 78.6) 

(80.9, 82.9) 

NA 

(84.6, 85.5) 

(78.4, 81.6) 

(80.8, 83.9) 

(84.4, 85.3) 

(72.5, 77.9) 

(83.2, 84.7) 

(84.5, 85.6) 

(81.6, 84.2) 

(84.2, 86.6) 

(81.8, 83.9) 

(85.3, 87.0) 

(84.2, 85.6) 

(82.6, 84.5) 

0.3 

-3.5* 

0.8 

0.2 

0.6 

-0.4 

1.1 

3.0* 

1.0 

0.5 

NA 

0.4 

-1.8 

1.8 

0.5 

2.2 

0.1 

0.0 

0.8 

1.3 

1.2 

1.2* 

0.1 

-0.9 

(-0.4, 1.0) 

(-6.2, -0.8) 

(-0.2, 1.8) 

(-0.5, 0.9) 

(-0.4, 1.7) 

(-1.2, 0.4) 

(-0.5, 2.6) 

(0.7, 5.2) 

(-0.4, 2.3) 

(-0.9, 1.8) 

NA 

(-0.2, 1.1) 

(-3.9, 0.3) 

(-0.5, 4.0) 

(-0.1, 1.0) 

(-2.0, 6.4) 

(-1.0, 1.2) 

(-0.8, 0.9) 

(-0.7, 2.2) 

(-0.3, 2.9) 

(-0.1, 2.6) 

(0.1, 2.3) 

(-0.8, 1.1) 

(-2.1, 0.4) 

Monthly income volatility is not available in 2013. * indicates differences that are statistically significant at the 10% level. NA indicates that the sample size is 

too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always 

reconcile to totals because of rounding. 

64
65 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

 

B.16 Smartphone Access by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Characteristics 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% 

Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% 

Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

All 

Unbanked and 

underbanked 

55.7 67.1 72.7 (72.1, 73.2) 5.6* (4.9, 6.2) 

Unbanked 33.1 42.9 49.5 (47.2, 51.8) 6.6* (3.7, 9.4) 

Banked: Underbanked 64.5 75.5 83.2 (82.3, 84.0) 7.7* (6.4, 9.0) 

Banked: Fully banked 59.0 71.1 77.6 (77.0, 78.2) 6.5* (5.8, 7.3) 

Banked: Underbanked status 

unknown 

Family income 

13.6 13.3 12.0 (10.6, 13.5) -1.4 (-3.4, 0.7) 

Less than $15,000 31.3 43.9 49.5 (47.9, 51.1) 5.6* (3.5, 7.8) 

$15,000 to $30,000 37.9 50.6 56.9 (55.5, 58.3) 6.3* (4.5, 8.2) 

$30,000 to $50,000 51.0 64.6 69.2 (68.1, 70.3) 4.6* (3.1, 6.1) 

$50,000 to $75,000 63.4 73.9 79.2 (78.3, 80.1) 5.3* (3.9, 6.6) 

At least $75,000 

Education 

77.7 84.1 86.6 (85.9, 87.3) 2.5* (1.6, 3.5) 

No high school diploma 30.1 41.4 48.3 (46.6, 50.0) 6.9* (4.5, 9.4) 

High school diploma 44.2 57.6 64.6 (63.7, 65.6) 7.0* (5.6, 8.4) 

Some college 59.4 70.5 75.6 (74.7, 76.4) 5.1* (3.9, 6.3) 

College degree 

Age group 

70.8 79.7 82.6 (82.0, 83.3) 2.9* (1.9, 3.9) 

15 to 24 years 76.2 82.5 86.8 (85.0, 88.5) 4.4* (1.7, 7.0) 

25 to 34 years 76.5 84.0 86.9 (85.9, 87.9) 2.9* (1.5, 4.2) 

35 to 44 years 72.1 80.9 83.4 (82.5, 84.3) 2.5* (1.1, 4.0) 

45 to 54 years 62.8 75.4 81.3 (80.2, 82.3) 5.9* (4.4, 7.3) 

55 to 64 years 48.7 63.9 72.1 (70.9, 73.2) 8.1* (6.6, 9.7) 

65 years or more 

Race/Ethnicity 

23.2 38.2 47.6 (46.6, 48.6) 9.4* (8.1, 10.7) 

Black 52.3 63.5 70.2 (68.7, 71.6) 6.7* (4.6, 8.7) 

Hispanic 55.7 66.3 72.7 (71.3, 74.0) 6.4* (4.5, 8.2) 

Asian 68.0 75.4 77.0 (75.1, 78.7) 1.6 (-1.1, 4.3) 

White 55.6 67.3 72.8 (72.3, 73.4) 5.5* (4.8, 6.3) 

Other 

Disability status 

50.0 69.3 72.0 (68.3, 75.3) 2.7 (-2.5, 8.0) 

Disabled, age 25 to 64 39.4 54.3 61.9 (60.3, 63.6) 7.6* (5.2, 10.0) 

Not disabled, age 25 to 64 68.1 78.8 83.3 (82.7, 83.8) 4.5* (3.7, 5.2) 

Not applicable (not age 25 

to 64) 

Monthly income volatility 

32.8 46.2 54.3 (53.4, 55.1) 8.1* (6.9, 9.3) 

Income was about the same 

each month 69.2 76.9 (76.4, 77.4) 7.7* (7.0, 8.4) 

Income varied somewhat 

from month to month 81.7 88.0 (87.2, 88.8) 6.3* (5.0, 7.5) 

Income varied a lot from 

month to month 77.6 84.6 (82.6, 86.4) 6.9* (4.4, 9.5) 

Unknown 7.2 3.7 (3.1, 4.4) -3.5* (-4.7, -2.2) 
 

B.16 Smartphone Access by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Characteristics 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% 

Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% 

Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

Employment status 

Employed 

Unemployed 

Not in labor force 

Homeownership 

Homeowner 

Non-homeowner 

Household type 

Married couple 

Unmarried female-headed 

family 

Unmarried male-headed 

family 

Female individual 

Male individual 

Other 

Nativity 

U.S.-born 

Foreign-born citizen 

Foreign-born non-citizen 

Spanish only language 

spoken 

Spanish is not only language 

spoken 

Spanish is only language 

spoken 

Metropolitan status 

Metropolitan area - principal 

city 

Metropolitan area - balance 

Not in metropolitan area 

Not identified 

Geographic region 

Northeast 

Midwest 

South 

West 

69.1 

57.3 

31.8 

55.4 

56.3 

62.6 

58.5 

61.0 

39.1 

50.0 

NA 

55.6 

57.5 

54.4 

56.1 

36.2 

58.8 

59.8 

42.0 

52.8 

54.6 

52.1 

56.2 

59.2 

79.6 

70.5 

45.4 

67.8 

65.9 

74.0 

71.2 

73.1 

50.8 

61.0 

NA 

67.2 

65.9 

66.5 

67.5 

46.9 

69.1 

70.3 

56.7 

63.6 

64.0 

66.5 

67.1 

70.0 

83.9 

75.9 

53.2 

73.2 

71.7 

78.4 

76.9 

79.1 

59.0 

66.8 

NA 

72.8 

70.5 

73.6 

73.1 

60.4 

74.3 

74.7 

63.3 

71.7 

71.3 

73.2 

72.4 

73.5 

(83.3, 84.4) 

(73.0, 78.5) 

(52.4, 54.0) 

(72.6, 73.8) 

(70.7, 72.6) 

(77.8, 79.1) 

(75.7, 78.0) 

(77.1, 81.0) 

(58.0, 60.1) 

(65.6, 68.0) 

NA 

(72.3, 73.3) 

(68.7, 72.3) 

(71.9, 75.2) 

(72.6, 73.6) 

(57.6, 63.2) 

(73.4, 75.2) 

(74.0, 75.4) 

(62.0, 64.7) 

(70.1, 73.3) 

(70.1, 72.6) 

(72.2, 74.2) 

(71.6, 73.3) 

(72.4, 74.5) 

4.3* 

5.4* 

7.8* 

5.4* 

5.8* 

4.4* 

5.7* 

6.0* 

8.2* 

5.8* 

NA 

5.5* 

4.6* 

7.1* 

5.6* 

13.6* 

5.2* 

4.4* 

6.6* 

8.1* 

7.3* 

6.7* 

5.4* 

3.5* 

(3.5, 5.1) 

(1.6, 9.1) 

(6.6, 8.9) 

(4.7, 6.2) 

(4.5, 7.0) 

(3.5, 5.3) 

(3.9, 7.5) 

(3.4, 8.6) 

(6.6, 9.8) 

(4.1, 7.5) 

NA 

(4.8, 6.3) 

(2.1, 7.2) 

(4.5, 9.6) 

(4.9, 6.3) 

(8.8, 18.3) 

(4.0, 6.5) 

(3.4, 5.4) 

(5.0, 8.3) 

(6.1, 10.1) 

(5.5, 9.1) 

(5.3, 8.1) 

(4.3, 6.4) 

(2.0, 4.9) 

Monthly income volatility is not available in 2013. * indicates differences that are statistically significant at the 10% level. NA indicates that the sample size is too 

small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile 

to totals because of rounding. 

66
67 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

 

B.17 Internet Access at Home by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 2015-2017 

For all households 

Characteristics 2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

All 

Unbanked and underbanked 

72.0 72.6 (72.0, 73.1) 0.6 (-0.2, 1.4) 

Unbanked 27.7 28.5 (26.5, 30.5) 0.8 (-1.9, 3.6) 

Banked: Underbanked 72.8 76.1 (75.0, 77.0) 3.2* (1.8, 4.6) 

Banked: Fully banked 80.6 81.4 (80.8, 82.0) 0.8* (0.0, 1.6) 

Banked: Underbanked status unknown 

Family income 

14.3 12.6 (11.2, 14.3) -1.6 (-3.8, 0.5) 

Less than $15,000 40.3 40.9 (39.5, 42.4) 0.6 (-1.5, 2.8) 

$15,000 to $30,000 54.9 54.5 (53.1, 55.9) -0.4 (-2.4, 1.5) 

$30,000 to $50,000 71.3 70.4 (69.3, 71.4) -0.9 (-2.5, 0.6) 

$50,000 to $75,000 82.4 81.2 (80.2, 82.1) -1.2 (-2.6, 0.2) 

At least $75,000 

Education 

90.0 88.9 (88.2, 89.5) -1.1* (-2.0, -0.2) 

No high school diploma 37.3 38.5 (36.9, 40.1) 1.2 (-1.3, 3.8) 

High school diploma 61.5 62.0 (61.0, 63.0) 0.4 (-0.9, 1.8) 

Some college 76.6 76.0 (75.1, 76.8) -0.6 (-1.8, 0.7) 

College degree 

Age group 

87.2 86.7 (86.1, 87.3) -0.5 (-1.5, 0.5) 

15 to 24 years 73.6 77.8 (75.8, 79.8) 4.3* (1.3, 7.3) 

25 to 34 years 76.9 78.2 (77.1, 79.3) 1.3 (-0.3, 2.9) 

35 to 44 years 78.1 77.4 (76.3, 78.5) -0.7 (-2.2, 0.9) 

45 to 54 years 76.9 77.7 (76.5, 78.8) 0.7 (-0.8, 2.3) 

55 to 64 years 73.6 73.2 (72.1, 74.2) -0.4 (-1.9, 1.0) 

65 years or more 

Race/Ethnicity 

58.8 60.6 (59.6, 61.6) 1.8* (0.4, 3.2) 

Black 57.5 60.7 (59.1, 62.3) 3.2* (1.0, 5.4) 

Hispanic 61.2 62.9 (61.3, 64.4) 1.6 (-0.4, 3.7) 

Asian 79.9 78.5 (76.6, 80.2) -1.4 (-4.1, 1.3) 

White 76.6 76.7 (76.1, 77.2) 0.1 (-0.7, 0.9) 

Other 

Disability status 

67.6 66.9 (63.1, 70.4) -0.7 (-5.9, 4.5) 

Disabled, age 25 to 64 55.4 56.0 (54.3, 57.8) 0.6 (-1.8, 3.1) 

Not disabled, age 25 to 64 79.4 79.4 (78.8, 80.0) 0.1 (-0.7, 0.9) 

Not applicable (not age 25 to 64) 

Monthly income volatility 

61.5 63.5 (62.6, 64.4) 2.1* (0.8, 3.3) 

Income was about the same each 

month 76.4 78.2 (77.7, 78.8) 1.8* (1.0, 2.6) 

Income varied somewhat from month 

to month 80.5 82.9 (81.8, 83.9) 2.4* (0.9, 3.9) 

Income varied a lot from month to 

month 74.5 79.1 (76.6, 81.4) 4.6* (1.6, 7.6) 

Unknown 8.3 4.0 (3.3, 4.8) -4.3* (-5.8, -2.9) 
 

B.17 Internet Access at Home by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 2015-2017 

For all households 

Characteristics 2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

Employment status 

Employed 

Unemployed 

Not in labor force 

Homeownership 

Homeowner 

Non-homeowner 

Household type 

Married couple 

Unmarried female-headed family 

Unmarried male-headed family 

Female individual 

Male individual 

Other 

Nativity 

U.S.-born 

Foreign-born citizen 

Foreign-born non-citizen 

Spanish only language spoken 

Spanish is not only language spoken 

Spanish is only language spoken 

Metropolitan status 

Metropolitan area - principal city 

Metropolitan area - balance 

Not in metropolitan area 

Not identified 

Geographic region 

Northeast 

Midwest 

South 

West 

79.8 

66.2 

59.0 

77.7 

62.1 

82.5 

66.0 

69.6 

59.2 

62.3 

NA 

73.0 

71.3 

60.6 

72.7 

39.7 

69.9 

76.6 

63.6 

70.8 

73.1 

73.0 

68.8 

75.4 

80.1 

68.0 

60.1 

77.3 

64.3 

82.0 

67.6 

70.2 

60.9 

63.6 

NA 

73.6 

70.5 

62.1 

73.7 

44.6 

72.0 

75.9 

64.6 

71.6 

74.4 

74.0 

69.8 

74.4 

(79.4, 80.7) 

(64.9, 70.9) 

(59.3, 61.0) 

(76.7, 77.9) 

(63.4, 65.2) 

(81.3, 82.6) 

(66.1, 69.0) 

(67.8, 72.4) 

(59.8, 62.1) 

(62.3, 64.8) 

NA 

(73.1, 74.2) 

(68.8, 72.2) 

(60.1, 64.1) 

(73.2, 74.2) 

(41.6, 47.5) 

(71.0, 72.9) 

(75.1, 76.6) 

(63.1, 66.1) 

(69.9, 73.1) 

(73.1, 75.7) 

(73.0, 75.0) 

(68.9, 70.7) 

(73.3, 75.5) 

0.2 

1.7 

1.2 

-0.4 

2.2* 

-0.5 

1.6 

0.6 

1.7* 

1.2 

NA 

0.6 

-0.8 

1.5 

1.0* 

4.9 

2.1* 

-0.7 

1.0 

0.8 

1.3 

1.1 

1.0 

-1.0 

(-0.6, 1.1) 

(-2.4, 5.9) 

(-0.1, 2.4) 

(-1.2, 0.4) 

(1.0, 3.4) 

(-1.3, 0.3) 

(-0.4, 3.6) 

(-2.8, 4.0) 

(0.0, 3.4) 

(-0.5, 3.0) 

NA 

(-0.2, 1.4) 

(-3.3, 1.7) 

(-1.2, 4.2) 

(0.2, 1.7) 

(-0.1, 9.9) 

(0.8, 3.5) 

(-1.7, 0.3) 

(-0.9, 2.8) 

(-1.4, 2.9) 

(-0.2, 2.9) 

(-0.3, 2.5) 

(-0.2, 2.2) 

(-2.6, 0.6) 

* indicates differences that are statistically significant at the 10% level. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an 

estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 

68
69 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

C.1 Prepaid Card Use by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Characteristics 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

All 

Unbanked and 

underbanked 

7.9 9.8 9.2 (8.8, 9.5) -0.6* (-1.0, -0.2) 

Unbanked 22.3 27.1 26.9 (25.2, 28.6) -0.2 (-2.8, 2.3) 

Banked: Underbanked 13.1 15.4 14.5 (13.5, 15.5) -1.0 (-2.3, 0.4) 

Banked: Fully banked 5.3 6.9 6.7 (6.4, 7.0) -0.2 (-0.6, 0.2) 

Banked: Underbanked 

status unknown 

Family income 

0.7 2.2 1.9 (1.4, 2.5) -0.3 (-1.2, 0.5) 

Less than $15,000 11.4 14.3 13.0 (12.0, 14.1) -1.3 (-2.7, 0.0) 

$15,000 to $30,000 8.3 10.8 10.4 (9.6, 11.2) -0.4 (-1.5, 0.7) 

$30,000 to $50,000 8.3 8.8 9.1 (8.5, 9.8) 0.3 (-0.7, 1.2) 

$50,000 to $75,000 6.4 9.2 7.7 (7.1, 8.4) -1.5* (-2.4, -0.5) 

At least $75,000 

Education 

6.5 8.1 8.0 (7.5, 8.5) 0.0 (-0.7, 0.6) 

No high school diploma 8.9 11.0 10.3 (9.2, 11.5) -0.7 (-2.3, 0.9) 

High school diploma 8.1 10.3 9.3 (8.8, 9.9) -1.0* (-1.8, -0.2) 

Some college 8.8 10.8 10.0 (9.4, 10.6) -0.8 (-1.6, 0.1) 

College degree 

Age group 

6.7 8.0 8.0 (7.6, 8.5) 0.0 (-0.6, 0.6) 

15 to 24 years 12.7 12.4 15.1 (13.4, 17.0) 2.7* (0.3, 5.2) 

25 to 34 years 10.9 12.6 11.0 (10.1, 11.8) -1.6* (-2.8, -0.4) 

35 to 44 years 10.3 11.4 10.8 (10.0, 11.5) -0.6 (-1.8, 0.5) 

45 to 54 years 9.1 11.0 10.7 (10.0, 11.5) -0.2 (-1.3, 0.8) 

55 to 64 years 6.4 9.3 8.7 (8.0, 9.3) -0.6 (-1.5, 0.3) 

65 years or more 

Race/Ethnicity 

3.0 5.5 4.9 (4.5, 5.4) -0.6 (-1.3, 0.1) 

Black 11.5 13.9 13.3 (12.3, 14.4) -0.5 (-2.0, 0.9) 

Hispanic 7.8 9.6 7.9 (7.1, 8.8) -1.7* (-3.0, -0.4) 

Asian 4.4 5.7 7.2 (6.0, 8.7) 1.5 (-0.3, 3.3) 

White 7.3 9.1 8.5 (8.1, 8.9) -0.6* (-1.0, -0.1) 

Other 

Disability status 

13.8 17.0 15.9 (12.7, 19.7) -1.1 (-5.8, 3.6) 

Disabled, age 25 to 64 12.4 15.2 15.7 (14.4, 17.0) 0.5 (-1.3, 2.2) 

Not disabled, age 25 to 64 8.7 10.4 9.4 (9.1, 9.8) -0.9* (-1.5, -0.4) 

Not applicable 

(not age 25 to 64) 

Monthly income 

volatility 

4.7 6.8 6.7 (6.2, 7.2) -0.1 (-0.8, 0.6) 

Income was about the 

same each month 9.2 8.9 (8.5, 9.3) -0.3 (-0.8, 0.2) 

Income varied somewhat 

from month to month 13.5 12.6 (11.7, 13.4) -1.0 (-2.1, 0.2) 

Income varied a lot from 

month to month 15.5 12.8 (11.2, 14.5) -2.7* (-4.9, -0.5) 

Unknown 3.7 3.2 (2.6, 3.9) -0.5 (-1.4, 0.4) 
C.1 Prepaid Card Use by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Characteristics 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

Employment status 

Employed 

Unemployed 

Not in labor force 

Homeownership 

Homeowner 

Non-homeowner 

Household type 

Married couple 

Unmarried female-headed 

family 

Unmarried male-headed 

family 

Female individual 

Male individual 

Other 

Nativity 

U.S.-born 

Foreign-born citizen 

Foreign-born non-citizen 

Spanish only language 

spoken 

Spanish is not only 

language spoken 

Spanish is only language 

spoken 

Metropolitan status 

Metropolitan area - 

principal city 

Metropolitan area - balance 

Not in metropolitan area 

Not identified 

Geographic region 

Northeast 

Midwest 

South 

West 

8.4 

14.8 

6.2 

5.9 

11.6 

7.1 

13.1 

10.2 

6.3 

7.2 

NA 

8.3 

4.0 

6.8 

7.9 

6.8 

8.2 

7.2 

8.8 

8.2 

6.6 

8.9 

8.4 

7.1 

9.9 

18.4 

8.7 

8.0 

12.9 

8.9 

15.4 

13.0 

7.6 

9.4 

NA 

10.1 

6.3 

9.0 

9.8 

8.5 

10.0 

9.1 

11.1 

9.7 

8.4 

10.2 

10.7 

8.8 

9.6 

16.9 

7.8 

7.3 

12.4 

8.1 

15.9 

11.9 

7.3 

8.7 

NA 

9.6 

6.2 

6.7 

9.3 

5.7 

9.4 

8.3 

10.3 

10.1 

7.9 

10.0 

9.5 

8.7 

(9.2, 10.0) 

(14.7, 19.3) 

(7.4, 8.3) 

(7.0, 7.6) 

(11.8, 13.0) 

(7.7, 8.5) 

(14.7, 17.1) 

(10.5, 13.4) 

(6.8, 7.9) 

(8.0, 9.5) 

NA 

(9.3, 10.0) 

(5.2, 7.4) 

(5.7, 7.8) 

(9.0, 9.6) 

(4.4, 7.3) 

(8.8, 10.0) 

(7.9, 8.7) 

(9.5, 11.2) 

(9.3, 11.1) 

(7.2, 8.6) 

(9.3, 10.7) 

(9.1, 10.0) 

(8.1, 9.4) 

-0.3 

-1.5 

-0.9* 

-0.7* 

-0.5 

-0.8* 

0.5 

-1.1 

-0.3 

-0.6 

NA 

-0.5* 

-0.1 

-2.3* 

-0.5* 

-2.8* 

-0.6 

-0.8* 

-0.8 

0.4 

-0.6 

-0.2 

-1.2* 

-0.1 

(-0.9, 0.2) 

(-4.8, 1.8) 

(-1.5, -0.2) 

(-1.1, -0.2) 

(-1.4, 0.4) 

(-1.4, -0.3) 

(-1.2, 2.2) 

(-3.4, 1.2) 

(-1.2, 0.6) 

(-1.7, 0.4) 

NA 

(-1.0, 0.0) 

(-1.7, 1.5) 

(-3.7, -0.9) 

(-0.9, -0.1) 

(-5.6, -0.1) 

(-1.6, 0.3) 

(-1.4, -0.3) 

(-2.1, 0.5) 

(-0.7, 1.5) 

(-1.6, 0.4) 

(-1.1, 0.8) 

(-1.9, -0.5) 

(-0.9, 0.8) 

Monthly income volatility is not available in 2013. * indicates differences that are statistically significant at the 10% level. NA indicates that the sample size is too 

small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile 

to totals because of rounding. 

70
71 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

C.2 Prepaid Card Use Among Unbanked Households by Previous Banking Status and Household 

Characteristics, 2013-2017 

For all unbanked households 

Characteristics 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90%Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

All 

Previously banked 

Once had bank account 

Never had bank account 

Unknown 

Family income 

Less than $15,000 

$15,000 to $30,000 

$30,000 to $50,000 

$50,000 to $75,000 

At least $75,000 

Education 

No high school diploma 

High school diploma 

Some college 

College degree 

Age group 

15 to 24 years 

25 to 34 years 

35 to 44 years 

45 to 54 years 

55 to 64 years 

65 years or more 

Race/Ethnicity 

Black 

Hispanic 

Asian 

White 

Other 

Disability status 

Disabled, age 25 to 64 

Not disabled, age 25 to 64 

Not applicable (not age 25 

to 64) 

Monthly income 

volatility 

Income was about the 

same each month 

Income varied somewhat 

from month to month 

Income varied a lot from 

month to month 

Unknown 

22.3 

33.0 

13.4 

NA 

20.9 

23.3 

28.3 

19.8 

NA 

18.4 

22.4 

30.0 

17.3 

21.1 

25.7 

24.9 

25.0 

18.7 

8.9 

25.1 

12.2 

NA 

28.2 

28.8 

27.9 

22.8 

15.0 

27.1 

37.4 

18.7 

NA 

28.5 

24.2 

26.8 

NA 

NA 

21.4 

30.7 

30.8 

25.4 

35.7 

33.0 

27.3 

25.9 

22.7 

13.4 

30.9 

16.3 

NA 

32.7 

NA 

30.4 

26.9 

24.0 

30.0 

31.1 

31.7 

5.2 

26.9 

36.7 

19.3 

NA 

25.3 

27.5 

31.8 

NA 

NA 

20.5 

27.3 

37.3 

20.4 

26.0 

33.4 

29.4 

28.8 

24.9 

14.6 

32.2 

13.8 

NA 

33.2 

30.3 

31.4 

28.4 

18.5 

29.1 

34.5 

25.7 

8.4 

(25.2, 28.6) 

(33.9, 39.5) 

(17.2, 21.5) 

NA 

(23.0, 27.8) 

(24.4, 30.8) 

(27.1, 36.9) 

NA 

NA 

(17.5, 23.8) 

(24.6, 30.3) 

(33.3, 41.6) 

(14.2, 28.4) 

(19.1, 34.4) 

(28.8, 38.2) 

(26.0, 33.1) 

(24.7, 33.3) 

(20.8, 29.5) 

(11.1, 19.0) 

(29.2, 35.3) 

(11.4, 16.5) 

NA 

(30.1, 36.5) 

(22.0, 40.1) 

(27.7, 35.4) 

(25.9, 30.9) 

(15.1, 22.5) 

(26.8, 31.4) 

(30.2, 39.2) 

(19.8, 32.6) 

(5.7, 12.1) 

-0.2 

-0.7 

0.6 

NA 

-3.2 

3.3 

5.0 

NA 

NA 

-0.9 

-3.3 

6.6* 

-5.0 

-9.7 

0.4 

2.1 

2.9 

2.2 

1.2 

1.3 

-2.5 

NA 

0.5 

NA 

1.0 

1.5 

-5.5* 

-1.0 

3.4 

-6.0 

3.2 

(-2.8, 2.3) 

(-4.7, 3.2) 

(-2.7, 3.8) 

NA 

(-6.5, 0.2) 

(-1.2, 7.8) 

(-2.0, 11.9) 

NA 

NA 

(-5.1, 3.3) 

(-7.3, 0.6) 

(0.7, 12.5) 

(-15.5, 5.4) 

(-19.8, 0.5) 

(-5.7, 6.5) 

(-2.9, 7.1) 

(-2.4, 8.2) 

(-4.2, 8.5) 

(-4.0, 6.4) 

(-3.3, 5.9) 

(-6.8, 1.8) 

NA 

(-3.7, 4.7) 

NA 

(-4.5, 6.6) 

(-2.1, 5.1) 

(-10.7, -0.4) 

(-4.3, 2.3) 

(-2.7, 9.5) 

(-14.0, 2.0) 

(-0.5, 6.9) 
C.2 Prepaid Card Use Among Unbanked Households by Previous Banking Status and Household 

Characteristics, 2013-2017 

For all unbanked households 

Characteristics 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90%Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

Employment status 

Employed 

Unemployed 

Not in labor force 

Homeownership 

Homeowner 

Non-homeowner 

Household type 

Married couple 

Unmarried female-headed 

family 

Unmarried male-headed 

family 

Female individual 

Male individual 

Other 

Nativity 

U.S.-born 

Foreign-born citizen 

Foreign-born non-citizen 

Spanish only language 

spoken 

Spanish is not only 

language spoken 

Spanish is only language 

spoken 

Metropolitan status 

Metropolitan area -

principal city 

Metropolitan area - balance 

Not in metropolitan area 

Not identified 

Geographic region 

Northeast 

Midwest 

South 

West 

23.2 

27.5 

19.8 

16.1 

24.0 

20.6 

28.4 

18.7 

20.2 

18.7 

NA 

26.6 

6.0 

9.1 

23.8 

8.0 

21.3 

22.5 

22.3 

25.0 

19.3 

26.7 

23.6 

17.9 

29.0 

35.5 

23.6 

21.2 

28.6 

25.7 

33.3 

28.7 

22.5 

23.8 

NA 

31.7 

NA 

14.2 

29.0 

9.8 

26.0 

26.2 

29.5 

30.4 

25.6 

32.5 

28.4 

20.0 

30.3 

30.6 

23.3 

21.5 

28.4 

19.5 

38.1 

27.3 

21.1 

25.2 

NA 

31.9 

NA 

10.0 

29.6 

10.4 

24.9 

23.7 

33.5 

33.3 

22.4 

34.4 

27.6 

22.2 

(27.5, 33.4) 

(24.7, 37.2) 

(20.8, 26.0) 

(18.4, 24.9) 

(26.3, 30.6) 

(16.1, 23.4) 

(34.2, 42.1) 

(21.4, 34.1) 

(17.7, 24.9) 

(21.5, 29.4) 

NA 

(29.9, 33.9) 

NA 

(7.5, 13.2) 

(27.8, 31.5) 

(7.4, 14.5) 

(22.1, 27.9) 

(20.8, 26.8) 

(29.4, 37.9) 

(28.3, 38.8) 

(18.3, 27.1) 

(29.7, 39.4) 

(25.2, 30.3) 

(19.0, 25.8) 

1.4 

-5.0 

-0.3 

0.3 

-0.3 

-6.2* 

4.8 

-1.4 

-1.4 

1.5 

NA 

0.2 

NA 

-4.2 

0.6 

0.6 

-1.1 

-2.5 

4.0 

2.9 

-3.2 

1.9 

-0.8 

2.2 

(-2.4, 5.2) 

(-13.3, 3.3) 

(-3.8, 3.2) 

(-4.0, 4.7) 

(-3.3, 2.8) 

(-11.0, -1.4) 

(-0.3, 10.0) 

(-10.8, 8.0) 

(-7.0, 4.1) 

(-3.5, 6.4) 

NA 

(-2.8, 3.3) 

NA 

(-8.5, 0.0) 

(-2.0, 3.2) 

(-5.0, 6.2) 

(-5.5, 3.2) 

(-6.6, 1.6) 

(-2.1, 10.1) 

(-4.6, 10.5) 

(-9.5, 3.0) 

(-4.8, 8.5) 

(-4.5, 2.8) 

(-3.0, 7.5) 

Monthly income volatility is not available in 2013. * indicates differences that are statistically significant at the 10% level. NA indicates that the sample size is 

too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always 

reconcile to totals because of rounding. 

72
73 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

C.3 Prepaid Card Use by State, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Geography 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90%Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

All 7.9 9.8 9.2 (8.8, 9.5) -0.6* (-1.0, -0.2) 

State 

AL 6.8 11.9 13.7 (11.3, 16.5) 1.8 (-1.5, 5.2) 

AK 7.8 7.8 8.3 (6.3, 10.9) 0.6 (-3.0, 4.2) 

AZ 6.4 7.3 9.3 (7.3, 11.7) 2.0 (-0.6, 4.6) 

AR 10.2 17.7 11.0 (9.3, 13.0) -6.7* (-10.4, -2.9) 

CA 7.0 8.9 8.7 (7.8, 9.7) -0.2 (-1.6, 1.2) 

CO 9.4 9.2 8.4 (6.2, 11.2) -0.8 (-4.5, 2.9) 

CT 6.5 7.1 6.0 (4.3, 8.3) -1.1 (-4.2, 2.0) 

DE 5.8 7.8 7.8 (5.6, 10.7) 0.0 (-3.4, 3.4) 

DC 9.0 10.2 10.8 (8.9, 13.1) 0.7 (-2.1, 3.4) 

FL 7.6 9.5 7.6 (6.6, 8.9) -1.9 (-3.7, 0.0) 

GA 9.1 11.3 10.0 (8.1, 12.2) -1.3 (-4.3, 1.7) 

HI 3.5 6.2 4.6 (3.1, 6.9) -1.6 (-4.3, 1.1) 

ID 5.9 9.3 10.9 (8.8, 13.6) 1.6 (-1.8, 5.0) 

IL 8.0 7.3 8.4 (6.8, 10.3) 1.1 (-1.3, 3.4) 

IN 9.0 8.1 11.1 (8.8, 13.9) 3.0 (-0.2, 6.1) 

IA 10.1 9.9 7.8 (5.9, 10.2) -2.1 (-5.2, 0.9) 

KS 9.8 11.8 12.3 (8.0, 18.6) 0.5 (-5.2, 6.2) 

KY 10.2 12.3 9.1 (6.8, 12.1) -3.2 (-6.8, 0.4) 

LA 8.2 11.4 11.0 (9.2, 13.0) -0.4 (-3.5, 2.7) 

ME 8.7 10.3 9.0 (6.8, 11.8) -1.3 (-5.6, 2.9) 

MD 6.7 11.0 10.4 (7.8, 13.6) -0.6 (-4.3, 3.1) 

MA 5.1 8.4 8.6 (6.8, 10.7) 0.2 (-2.4, 2.8) 

MI 8.2 11.9 9.5 (7.6, 11.8) -2.4 (-5.7, 0.8) 

MN 8.2 12.7 9.2 (7.1, 11.8) -3.5 (-7.3, 0.3) 

MS 14.9 11.4 15.4 (12.3, 19.0) 3.9* (1.1, 6.8) 

MO 9.6 12.7 11.8 (10.0, 13.8) -0.9 (-4.1, 2.3) 

MT 5.2 8.0 8.7 (7.1, 10.6) 0.7 (-1.7, 3.1) 

NE 8.1 13.9 11.3 (8.4, 15.0) -2.6 (-7.0, 1.8) 

NV 7.1 11.1 6.4 (4.6, 8.7) -4.7* (-7.8, -1.6) 

NH 9.4 7.8 7.7 (5.8, 10.1) -0.1 (-3.2, 2.9) 

NJ 7.0 8.1 9.3 (7.5, 11.4) 1.2 (-1.4, 3.9) 

NM 9.6 8.4 6.9 (5.5, 8.6) -1.5 (-3.4, 0.4) 

NY 6.8 7.9 6.4 (5.3, 7.7) -1.5 (-3.4, 0.4) 

NC 6.6 10.0 8.0 (6.4, 9.9) -2.0 (-4.5, 0.5) 

ND 9.5 11.0 10.4 (8.1, 13.2) -0.6 (-4.0, 2.8) 

OH 9.4 9.9 11.8 (9.9, 13.9) 1.9 (-0.7, 4.5) 

OK 12.9 13.4 11.5 (9.0, 14.4) -2.0 (-5.5, 1.5) 

OR 7.6 10.1 10.9 (8.6, 13.8) 0.8 (-2.8, 4.3) 
C.3 Prepaid Card Use by State, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Geography 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90%Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

PA 6.1 9.8 9.4 (7.9, 11.1) -0.4 (-2.9, 2.2) 

RI 9.6 10.2 7.4 (5.7, 9.8) -2.7 (-6.3, 0.8) 

SC 8.1 9.2 8.0 (6.2, 10.4) -1.2 (-4.4, 2.0) 

SD 8.5 10.7 9.7 (6.3, 14.7) -1.0 (-4.8, 2.8) 

TN 8.5 12.5 10.4 (8.5, 12.7) -2.1 (-5.5, 1.2) 

TX 9.3 10.2 9.3 (8.0, 10.8) -0.9 (-2.7, 1.0) 

UT 7.6 10.6 13.6 (10.7, 17.3) 3.1 (-1.4, 7.6) 

VT 6.8 7.7 6.8 (5.1, 9.0) -0.9 (-3.8, 1.9) 

VA 6.3 9.3 9.2 (7.7, 11.1) 0.0 (-2.6, 2.5) 

WA 6.2 7.2 7.4 (5.8, 9.3) 0.2 (-2.1, 2.5) 

WV 6.3 10.2 10.6 (8.2, 13.7) 0.4 (-4.4, 5.2) 

WI 10.4 9.2 8.2 (6.2, 10.8) -1.0 (-3.6, 1.7) 

WY 7.1 9.9 7.6 (5.4, 10.8) -2.3 (-5.3, 0.7) 

* indicates differences that are statistically significant at the 10% level. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an 

estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 

74
75 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

C.4 Prepaid Card Use by MSA, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Geography 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% 

Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

All 7.9 9.8 9.2 (8.8, 9.5) -0.6* (-1.0, -0.2) 

MSA 

Albuquerque, NM 8.6 7.8 4.0 (2.5, 6.2) -3.8* (-7.0, -0.7) 

Atlanta-Sandy SpringsRoswell, GA~ 8.6 8.6 9.2 (7.2, 11.5) 0.5 (-2.9, 3.9) 

Austin-Round Rock, TX 5.5 10.1 7.2 (4.3, 12.0) -2.8 (-8.7, 3.0) 

Baltimore-ColumbiaTowson, MD 8.2 10.2 11.6 (7.6, 17.3) 1.5 (-4.6, 7.6) 

Baton Rouge, LA NA 8.2 6.7 (3.0, 14.3) -1.5 (-7.9, 5.0) 

Billings, MT~ NA 9.7 8.9 (5.3, 14.8) -0.7 (-8.4, 6.9) 

Birmingham-Hoover, AL 5.4 8.8 6.6 (4.0, 10.8) -2.1 (-6.8, 2.5) 

Boise City, ID 4.4 6.2 8.7 (5.9, 12.5) 2.4 (-2.2, 7.0) 

Boston-CambridgeNewton, MA-NH~ 6.5 9.2 9.8 (7.5, 12.6) 0.5 (-2.9, 3.9) 

Burlington-South 

Burlington, VT~ 5.5 9.2 5.4 (2.6, 10.8) -3.8 (-8.8, 1.2) 

Charlotte-ConcordGastonia, NC-SC~ 6.2 8.5 6.1 (3.9, 9.5) -2.4 (-7.0, 2.2) 

Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, 

IL-IN-WI 6.5 7.2 7.3 (5.7, 9.3) 0.1 (-2.5, 2.7) 

Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN~ 6.3 8.7 8.4 (5.1, 13.4) -0.4 (-5.3, 4.6) 

Cleveland-Elyria, OH 7.4 13.1 8.0 (5.3, 11.9) -5.2* (-10.2, 0.0) 

Columbus, OH~ 12.3 11.7 9.7 (6.0, 15.3) -2.0 (-7.7, 3.8) 

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, 

TX~ 7.7 12.3 9.7 (7.5, 12.5) -2.6 (-6.0, 0.8) 

Denver-Aurora-Lakewood, 

CO 8.6 9.2 6.3 (3.9, 9.9) -2.9 (-7.5, 1.7) 

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, 

MI 7.5 9.3 8.8 (6.3, 12.2) -0.5 (-4.7, 3.7) 

Fargo, ND-MN 11.0 17.2 16.8 (11.8, 23.3) -0.4 (-7.9, 7.0) 

Greenville-AndersonMauldin, SC~ NA 3.5 9.1 (5.3, 15.1) 5.6* (0.1, 11.0) 

Hartford-West HartfordEast Hartford, CT~ 8.2 11.7 4.8 (2.5, 8.8) -6.9* (-12.8, -1.0) 

Houston-The WoodlandsSugar Land, TX~ 10.2 8.8 9.0 (6.6, 12.1) 0.1 (-3.7, 4.0) 

Huntington-Ashland, WVKY-OH~ NA NA 20.4 (13.6, 29.4) NA NA 

Indianapolis-CarmelAnderson, IN~ 11.2 9.7 10.7 (7.4, 15.3) 1.0 (-4.5, 6.5) 

Jackson, MS~ NA 13.4 8.9 (5.6, 13.9) -4.5 (-10.3, 1.4) 

Kansas City, MO-KS~ 11.4 13.5 14.2 (10.4, 19.3) 0.7 (-4.9, 6.3) 

Knoxville, TN~ NA NA 11.1 (6.5, 18.2) NA NA 

Las Vegas-HendersonParadise, NV 7.5 12.1 5.6 (3.7, 8.3) -6.5* (-10.1, -2.9) 

Little Rock-North Little 

Rock-Conway, AR 11.8 21.7 12.4 (9.1, 16.6) -9.3* (-16.3, -2.3) 

Los Angeles-Long BeachAnaheim, CA 5.5 7.3 6.7 (5.3, 8.5) -0.6 (-2.9, 1.6) 
C.4 Prepaid Card Use by MSA, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Geography 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% 

Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

Louisville/Jefferson County, 

KY-IN~ 10.8 8.9 7.0 (3.9, 12.4) -1.9 (-7.5, 3.7) 

Manchester-Nashua, NH~ NA 7.4 4.7 (2.3, 9.2) -2.7 (-6.9, 1.4) 

Memphis, TN-MS-AR~ 12.4 14.7 14.2 (10.1, 19.7) -0.4 (-7.5, 6.7) 

Miami-Fort LauderdaleWest Palm Beach, FL 6.2 10.1 6.7 (4.8, 9.3) -3.4 (-7.2, 0.4) 

Milwaukee-Waukesha-West 

Allis, WI 12.5 12.2 10.2 (5.7, 17.5) -2.0 (-9.2, 5.2) 

Minneapolis-St. PaulBloomington, MN-WI~ 8.8 12.2 11.6 (8.9, 14.9) -0.6 (-4.8, 3.5) 

Nashville-DavidsonMurfreesboro-Franklin, TN~ 6.0 13.9 12.7 (8.9, 17.8) -1.1 (-8.8, 6.5) 

New Orleans-Metairie, LA~ 8.1 9.9 8.3 (4.9, 13.6) -1.6 (-7.1, 3.8) 

New York-Newark-Jersey 

City, NY-NJ-PA~ 5.6 7.4 6.3 (5.2, 7.6) -1.1 (-2.7, 0.6) 

Oklahoma City, OK 11.9 17.4 8.2 (4.7, 13.8) -9.2* (-16.2, -2.3) 

Omaha-Council Bluffs, 

NE-IA 10.3 18.1 10.0 (7.0, 14.1) -8.1* (-14.5, -1.7) 

Orlando-KissimmeeSanford, FL 6.1 7.8 7.1 (4.2, 11.9) -0.7 (-5.5, 4.1) 

Philadelphia-CamdenWilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD 4.8 6.6 10.7 (8.5, 13.5) 4.2* (0.7, 7.6) 

Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, 

AZ 6.7 6.4 9.2 (6.7, 12.7) 2.9 (-0.7, 6.4) 

Pittsburgh, PA 9.8 18.1 11.7 (8.2, 16.5) -6.4 (-13.6, 0.8) 

Portland-South Portland, 

ME~ 5.2 6.8 8.0 (4.8, 13.0) 1.2 (-4.3, 6.8) 

Portland-VancouverHillsboro, OR-WA 6.5 11.1 10.9 (8.2, 14.5) -0.2 (-4.7, 4.3) 

Providence-Warwick, 

RI-MA~ 9.8 11.7 6.1 (4.5, 8.3) -5.6* (-9.3, -1.9) 

Riverside-San BernardinoOntario, CA 5.3 11.3 11.5 (8.3, 15.8) 0.3 (-5.4, 5.9) 

Sacramento-RosevilleArden-Arcade, CA 8.4 10.2 10.5 (7.3, 14.9) 0.3 (-5.0, 5.6) 

St. Louis, MO-IL~ 10.8 10.3 10.8 (8.1, 14.1) 0.4 (-4.3, 5.1) 

Salisbury, MD-DE~ NA 3.2 7.6 (2.5, 20.8) 4.3 (-3.8, 12.5) 

Salt Lake City, UT~ 9.9 8.9 10.2 (6.7, 15.2) 1.3 (-4.2, 6.8) 

San Antonio-New 

Braunfels, TX 10.1 14.9 6.8 (4.4, 10.3) -8.1* (-13.4, -2.7) 

San Diego-Carlsbad, CA 8.5 7.5 8.4 (6.0, 11.7) 0.9 (-2.8, 4.6) 

San Francisco-OaklandHayward, CA 7.8 7.5 7.6 (5.6, 10.3) 0.1 (-3.2, 3.3) 

San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa 

Clara, CA 6.5 NA 10.9 (6.0, 19.1) NA NA 

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, 

WA 5.9 6.6 7.2 (5.1, 10.0) 0.6 (-2.7, 3.8) 

Sioux Falls, SD 10.3 8.2 10.0 (6.5, 15.1) 1.8 (-5.3, 8.8) 

Tampa-St. PetersburgClearwater, FL 7.7 8.3 5.3 (3.2, 8.7) -3.0 (-6.9, 1.0) 

76
77 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

C.4 Prepaid Card Use by MSA, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Geography 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% 

Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

Tulsa, OK 

Urban Honolulu, HI 

Virginia Beach-NorfolkNewport News, VA-NC~ 

Washington-ArlingtonAlexandria, DC-VA-MDWV~ 

Wichita, KS~ 

Worcester, MA-CT~ 

14.9 

4.5 

7.0 

6.5 

14.0 

NA 

11.9 

6.9 

9.7 

9.1 

17.0 

NA 

14.0 

5.6 

13.2 

7.3 

7.9 

7.7 

(9.8, 19.6) 

(3.6, 8.7) 

(9.1, 18.7) 

(5.6, 9.4) 

(4.3, 14.1) 

(4.1, 14.0) 

2.1 

-1.3 

3.5 

-1.9 

-9.1* 

NA 

(-4.9, 9.0) 

(-4.9, 2.2) 

(-3.6, 10.5) 

(-4.6, 0.9) 

(-16.9, -1.3) 

NA 

~ indicates areas with geographic boundary changes between the 2013 and 2015 surveys. See Appendix 1 (FDIC Technical Notes) for details. * indicates 

differences that are statistically significant at the 10% level. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of 

zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 
 

C.5 Sources of Prepaid Cards by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 2017 

For all households that used prepaid cards in the past 12 months, row percent 

Characteristics 

Number of 

Households 

(1000s) 

Percent of 

Households 

Bank 

location 

or bank 

website 

(Percent) 

Store or 

website 

that is not 

a bank 

(Percent) 

Government 

agency 

(Percent) 

Employer 

payroll card 

(Percent) 

Family or 

friends 

(Percent) 

Other 

(Percent) 

Unknown 

(Percent) 

All 

Unbanked and 

underbanked 

Unbanked 

Banked: 

Underbanked 

Banked: Fully 

banked 

Banked: 

Underbanked 

status unknown 

Family income 

Less than 

$15,000 

$15,000 to 

$30,000 

$30,000 to 

$50,000 

$50,000 to 

$75,000 

At least $75,000 

Education 

No high school 

diploma 

High school 

diploma 

Some college 

College degree 

Age group 

15 to 24 years 

25 to 34 years 

35 to 44 years 

45 to 54 years 

55 to 64 years 

65 years or more 

Race/Ethnicity 

Black 

Hispanic 

Asian 

White 

Other 

11,834 

2,265 

3,502 

5,915 

NA 

2,077 

2,057 

2,335 

1,835 

3,529 

1,281 

3,114 

3,741 

3,698 

1,002 

2,300 

2,318 

2,495 

2,119 

1,601 

2,429 

1,318 

NA 

7,273 

NA 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

NA 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

NA 

100.0 

NA 

13.3 

5.1 

14.9 

15.7 

NA 

8.1 

12.6 

13.3 

15.6 

15.7 

9.3 

11.0 

14.1 

16.0 

7.9 

14.2 

10.9 

13.5 

15.5 

16.2 

11.7 

14.4 

NA 

13.5 

NA 

45.4 

44.6 

48.4 

44.2 

NA 

41.3 

43.2 

49.2 

45.9 

46.5 

45.3 

45.1 

46.8 

44.4 

46.0 

44.8 

50.3 

46.2 

42.7 

41.3 

47.2 

48.2 

NA 

44.2 

NA 

15.0 

31.5 

12.4 

10.3 

NA 

34.1 

20.9 

11.6 

7.3 

6.8 

31.6 

18.8 

13.4 

7.8 

11.6 

12.0 

16.5 

15.0 

18.0 

15.7 

21.5 

13.5 

NA 

13.4 

NA 

9.3 

13.9 

9.6 

7.3 

NA 

8.6 

10.4 

10.1 

7.6 

9.5 

10.3 

10.8 

9.5 

7.5 

17.0 

11.6 

9.0 

9.7 

6.2 

5.0 

10.2 

11.1 

NA 

8.5 

NA 

15.0 

3.1 

13.5 

19.7 

NA 

6.3 

11.3 

14.4 

21.6 

19.2 

5.2 

11.7 

16.0 

20.1 

18.0 

16.0 

14.8 

13.3 

12.3 

18.2 

7.2 

13.2 

NA 

18.1 

NA 

8.4 

7.6 

8.3 

8.9 

NA 

6.4 

6.3 

9.0 

9.8 

9.6 

4.0 

7.3 

7.6 

11.5 

4.8 

8.5 

7.7 

9.2 

8.0 

10.5 

8.0 

5.6 

NA 

9.4 

NA 

0.6 

0.6 

0.6 

0.6 

NA 

0.4 

1.0 

0.7 

0.6 

0.4 

-

1.3 

0.4 

0.4 

1.2 

0.5 

0.1 

0.4 

0.8 

0.9 

0.6 

0.5 

NA 

0.6 

NA 

78
79 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

 

C.5 Sources of Prepaid Cards by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 2017 

For all households that used prepaid cards in the past 12 months, row percent 

Characteristics 

Number of 

Households 

(1000s) 

Percent of 

Households 

Bank 

location 

or bank 

website 

(Percent) 

Store or 

website 

that is not 

a bank 

(Percent) 

Government 

agency 

(Percent) 

Employer 

payroll card 

(Percent) 

Family or 

friends 

(Percent) 

Other 

(Percent) 

Unknown 

(Percent) 

Disability 

status 

Disabled, age 25 

to 64 

Not disabled, 

age 25 to 64 

Not applicable 

(not age 25 to 

64) 

Monthly 

income 

volatility 

Income was 

about the same 

each month 

Income varied 

somewhat from 

month to month 

Income varied a 

lot from month 

to month 

Unknown 

Employment 

status 

Employed 

Unemployed 

Not in labor 

force 

Homeownership 

Homeowner 

Non-homeowner 

Household 

type 

Married couple 

Unmarried 

female-headed 

family 

Unmarried maleheaded family 

Female 

individual 

Male individual 

Other 

Nativity 

U.S.-born 

Foreign-born 

citizen 

Foreign-born 

non-citizen 

1,769 

7,463 

2,603 

8,205 

2,633 

638 

NA 

7,624 

580 

3,630 

6,005 

5,829 

4,942 

2,409 

783 

1,778 

1,903 

NA 

10,609 

631 

594 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

NA 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

NA 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

11.0 

14.0 

13.0 

13.5 

14.2 

8.3 

NA 

13.7 

7.5 

13.5 

14.3 

12.4 

15.3 

11.3 

10.6 

11.8 

13.7 

NA 

12.6 

24.8 

15.0 

37.3 

48.2 

43.1 

45.3 

44.7 

52.1 

NA 

47.8 

46.6 

40.4 

45.9 

44.9 

46.4 

45.0 

46.7 

39.2 

48.4 

NA 

45.9 

38.5 

45.2 

34.2 

10.8 

14.1 

15.5 

13.8 

11.3 

NA 

8.9 

17.8 

27.4 

10.4 

19.9 

9.2 

25.3 

13.9 

19.1 

13.8 

NA 

15.1 

14.3 

14.8 

4.7 

10.3 

9.6 

7.5 

13.9 

14.3 

NA 

11.3 

13.0 

4.4 

7.0 

11.7 

8.8 

8.5 

16.3 

8.8 

9.1 

NA 

9.1 

9.1 

13.3 

10.0 

15.1 

18.1 

15.4 

12.7 

18.1 

NA 

16.9 

7.9 

12.2 

18.3 

11.6 

18.6 

8.1 

14.6 

16.1 

13.4 

NA 

15.6 

8.8 

11.0 

7.0 

8.7 

8.3 

8.7 

8.5 

6.7 

NA 

8.6 

13.1 

7.1 

10.3 

6.4 

8.4 

8.7 

7.5 

9.6 

7.2 

NA 

8.8 

5.8 

3.6 

0.4 

0.5 

1.0 

0.4 

0.9 

-

NA 

0.4 

1.3 

0.8 

0.6 

0.5 

0.4 

0.9 

0.9 

0.3 

0.8 

NA 

0.6 

1.0 

-
 

C.5 Sources of Prepaid Cards by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 2017 

For all households that used prepaid cards in the past 12 months, row percent 

Characteristics 

Number of 

Households 

(1000s) 

Percent of 

Households 

Bank 

location 

or bank 

website 

(Percent) 

Store or 

website 

that is not 

a bank 

(Percent) 

Government 

agency 

(Percent) 

Employer 

payroll card 

(Percent) 

Family or 

friends 

(Percent) 

Other 

(Percent) 

Unknown 

(Percent) 

Spanish only 

language 

spoken 

Spanish is not 

only language 

spoken 

Spanish is 

only language 

spoken 

Metropolitan 

status 

Metropolitan 

area - principal 

city 

Metropolitan 

area - balance 

Not in 

metropolitan 

area 

Not identified 

Geographic 

region 

Northeast 

Midwest 

South 

West 

11,553 

NA 

3,614 

4,594 

1,790 

1,836 

1,791 

2,773 

4,703 

2,567 

100.0 

NA 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

13.1 

NA 

11.9 

15.6 

11.3 

12.5 

12.7 

13.5 

14.6 

11.4 

45.3 

NA 

46.6 

44.2 

46.7 

45.3 

44.2 

44.9 

44.9 

47.9 

15.0 

NA 

16.7 

13.1 

17.5 

14.2 

14.5 

17.0 

13.3 

16.4 

9.4 

NA 

8.7 

10.0 

9.0 

9.1 

6.8 

9.5 

9.7 

10.0 

15.3 

NA 

13.3 

16.8 

9.9 

18.6 

16.9 

14.3 

15.3 

13.7 

8.6 

NA 

8.5 

7.9 

11.0 

6.7 

8.7 

8.5 

8.4 

8.1 

0.6 

NA 

0.6 

0.5 

0.7 

0.7 

1.4 

0.8 

0.3 

0.3 

Row percentages may not sum to 100 because households with multiple prepaid cards were asked to select all sources of their cards. NA indicates that the sample 

size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not 

always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 

80
81 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

D.1 AFS Use by Bank Account Ownership and Household Characteristics, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Characteristics 2013

 (Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% 

Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90%Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

All 

Unbanked 

24.9 24.0 22.1 (21.6, 22.5) -1.9* (-2.5, -1.3) 

Unbanked 63.2 57.3 51.3 (49.0, 53.6) -6.0* (-9.0, -3.0) 

Has bank account 

Family income 

21.7 21.4 20.0 (19.6, 20.5) -1.4* (-2.1, -0.8) 

Less than $15,000 39.1 38.6 32.4 (31.2, 33.7) -6.2* (-8.0, -4.3) 

$15,000 to $30,000 33.1 31.0 29.7 (28.5, 31.0) -1.2 (-3.0, 0.5) 

$30,000 to $50,000 26.5 26.6 25.8 (24.7, 26.9) -0.9 (-2.3, 0.6) 

$50,000 to $75,000 20.9 21.0 20.5 (19.6, 21.5) -0.5 (-1.9, 1.0) 

At least $75,000 

Education 

13.8 13.5 13.5 (13.0, 14.0) -0.1 (-0.8, 0.7) 

No high school diploma 39.5 39.0 35.4 (33.9, 37.0) -3.6* (-5.5, -1.6) 

High school diploma 28.7 27.8 25.3 (24.4, 26.1) -2.5* (-3.8, -1.2) 

Some college 26.9 25.3 23.6 (22.8, 24.4) -1.8* (-3.0, -0.5) 

College degree 

Age group 

14.9 15.0 14.9 (14.2, 15.5) -0.1 (-1.0, 0.8) 

15 to 24 years 41.5 37.8 34.6 (32.1, 37.2) -3.2 (-6.9, 0.4) 

25 to 34 years 33.6 31.1 28.0 (26.8, 29.1) -3.1* (-4.8, -1.5) 

35 to 44 years 29.6 28.1 26.6 (25.6, 27.7) -1.5 (-3.0, 0.1) 

45 to 54 years 26.7 24.8 22.9 (21.8, 24.1) -1.9* (-3.4, -0.3) 

55 to 64 years 20.9 21.8 20.7 (19.7, 21.7) -1.1 (-2.5, 0.2) 

65 years or more 

Race/Ethnicity 

13.1 14.1 13.0 (12.4, 13.7) -1.1* (-2.0, -0.2) 

Black 46.1 42.2 39.9 (38.6, 41.3) -2.3* (-4.2, -0.3) 

Hispanic 40.3 38.5 36.0 (34.6, 37.5) -2.4* (-4.4, -0.4) 

Asian 18.6 22.3 18.0 (16.1, 20.1) -4.3* (-7.4, -1.3) 

White 18.1 17.3 15.5 (15.1, 16.0) -1.8* (-2.4, -1.1) 

Other 

Disability status 

36.5 34.1 35.0 (31.0, 39.3) 0.9 (-4.4, 6.2) 

Disabled, age 25 to 64 38.7 38.0 33.2 (31.6, 34.7) -4.8* (-7.1, -2.5) 

Not disabled, age 25 to 64 26.0 24.5 23.1 (22.5, 23.7) -1.4* (-2.2, -0.6) 

Not applicable (not age 25 

to 64) 

Monthly income 

volatility 

18.2 18.4 16.7 (16.0, 17.4) -1.7* (-2.7, -0.6) 

Income was about the 

same each month 22.6 21.2 (20.7, 21.7) -1.4* (-2.1, -0.7) 

Income varied somewhat 

from month to month 32.6 30.6 (29.3, 32.0) -1.9* (-3.7, -0.2) 

Income varied a lot from 

month to month 40.3 36.4 (33.9, 38.9) -3.9* (-7.4, -0.4) 

Unknown 8.1 6.6 (5.7, 7.6) -1.5* (-2.9, -0.1) 
D.1 AFS Use by Bank Account Ownership and Household Characteristics, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Characteristics 2013

 (Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% 

Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90%Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

Employment status 

Employed 

Unemployed 

Not in labor force 

Homeownership 

Homeowner 

Non-homeowner 

Household type 

Married couple 

Unmarried female-headed 

family 

Unmarried male-headed 

family 

Female individual 

Male individual 

Other 

Nativity 

U.S.-born 

Foreign-born citizen 

Foreign-born non-citizen 

Spanish only language 

spoken 

Spanish is not only 

language spoken 

Spanish is only language 

spoken 

Metropolitan status 

Metropolitan area - 

principal city 

Metropolitan area - balance 

Not in metropolitan area 

Not identified 

Geographic region 

Northeast 

Midwest 

South 

West 

25.6 

41.0 

21.6 

17.0 

39.4 

20.1 

41.3 

37.5 

21.2 

26.2 

NA 

23.4 

26.9 

42.8 

24.4 

46.3 

29.6 

21.2 

26.3 

24.8 

23.6 

21.0 

29.3 

22.3 

24.5 

39.0 

21.7 

16.5 

36.7 

19.5 

39.3 

33.4 

21.2 

25.1 

NA 

21.9 

27.7 

44.2 

23.5 

45.7 

29.2 

20.5 

25.5 

22.5 

22.8 

20.8 

26.7 

23.2 

23.2 

35.7 

19.2 

15.3 

33.9 

18.2 

36.6 

32.0 

19.0 

23.1 

NA 

20.3 

25.6 

39.2 

21.1 

45.7 

26.3 

19.3 

22.7 

21.0 

20.6 

18.6 

25.2 

21.0 

(22.6, 23.7) 

(32.8, 38.6) 

(18.5, 19.8) 

(14.8, 15.7) 

(33.0, 34.9) 

(17.8, 18.7) 

(35.2, 38.1) 

(29.8, 34.3) 

(18.0, 19.9) 

(22.0, 24.3) 

NA 

(19.9, 20.8) 

(23.9, 27.4) 

(37.2, 41.3) 

(20.7, 21.6) 

(42.2, 49.2) 

(25.2, 27.3) 

(18.6, 19.9) 

(21.6, 23.9) 

(19.7, 22.3) 

(19.6, 21.7) 

(17.7, 19.6) 

(24.5, 26.0) 

(20.1, 22.0) 

-1.4* 

-3.4 

-2.6* 

-1.3* 

-2.8* 

-1.3* 

-2.7* 

-1.4 

-2.3* 

-1.9* 

NA 

-1.6* 

-2.1 

-4.9* 

-2.4* 

-0.1 

-2.9* 

-1.2* 

-2.7* 

-1.5 

-2.2* 

-2.2* 

-1.5* 

-2.2* 

(-2.2, -0.5) 

(-7.2, 0.4) 

(-3.5, -1.6) 

(-2.0, -0.6) 

(-4.2, -1.5) 

(-2.1, -0.4) 

(-4.6, -0.7) 

(-4.4, 1.6) 

(-3.6, -0.9) 

(-3.5, -0.4) 

NA 

(-2.2, -1.0) 

(-4.7, 0.4) 

(-7.8, -2.1) 

(-3.0, -1.7) 

(-4.6, 4.5) 

(-4.3, -1.6) 

(-2.2, -0.2) 

(-4.6, -0.8) 

(-3.1, 0.1) 

(-3.6, -0.7) 

(-3.6, -0.9) 

(-2.6, -0.4) 

(-3.5, -0.9) 

Monthly income volatility is not available in 2013. * indicates differences that are statistically significant at the 10% level. NA indicates that the sample size is 

too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always 

reconcile to totals because of rounding. 

82
83 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

D.2 Transaction AFS Use by Bank Account Ownership and Household Characteristics, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Characteristics 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

All 

Unbanked 

21.9 20.2 18.3 (17.9, 18.7) -1.8* (-2.4, -1.3) 

Unbanked 60.5 54.1 48.0 (45.7, 50.3) -6.1* (-9.2, -3.0) 

Has bank account 

Family income 

18.6 17.6 16.3 (15.9, 16.7) -1.3* (-1.9, -0.8) 

Less than $15,000 35.4 33.7 28.6 (27.3, 29.9) -5.2* (-7.0, -3.4) 

$15,000 to $30,000 29.1 26.8 25.6 (24.4, 26.9) -1.2 (-2.9, 0.5) 

$30,000 to $50,000 22.6 21.7 21.6 (20.6, 22.7) -0.1 (-1.5, 1.2) 

$50,000 to $75,000 17.9 17.3 16.2 (15.4, 17.1) -1.1 (-2.4, 0.3) 

At least $75,000 

Education 

12.5 11.1 10.6 (10.1, 11.1) -0.5 (-1.2, 0.2) 

No high school diploma 36.0 34.3 31.8 (30.4, 33.3) -2.5* (-4.4, -0.7) 

High school diploma 25.0 23.5 21.4 (20.6, 22.2) -2.1* (-3.3, -1.0) 

Some college 23.1 21.0 19.0 (18.3, 19.7) -2.0* (-3.1, -1.0) 

College degree 

Age group 

13.4 12.3 12.0 (11.4, 12.6) -0.3 (-1.1, 0.5) 

15 to 24 years 37.2 33.0 28.7 (26.6, 31.0) -4.3* (-7.6, -0.9) 

25 to 34 years 29.5 26.6 23.1 (22.1, 24.2) -3.5* (-5.1, -2.0) 

35 to 44 years 25.4 23.4 22.3 (21.3, 23.4) -1.1 (-2.6, 0.4) 

45 to 54 years 23.3 20.5 18.7 (17.7, 19.8) -1.8* (-3.3, -0.3) 

55 to 64 years 18.4 18.3 17.3 (16.5, 18.3) -1.0 (-2.2, 0.2) 

65 years or more 

Race/Ethnicity 

12.0 11.8 10.9 (10.4, 11.5) -0.8 (-1.7, 0.0) 

Black 41.9 37.7 35.1 (33.8, 36.5) -2.6* (-4.6, -0.7) 

Hispanic 36.8 34.7 32.4 (31.0, 33.8) -2.3* (-4.5, -0.2) 

Asian 17.3 19.5 15.3 (13.5, 17.2) -4.3* (-7.0, -1.6) 

White 15.4 13.6 12.0 (11.6, 12.4) -1.6* (-2.1, -1.0) 

Other 

Disability status 

32.3 28.5 28.9 (25.1, 33.1) 0.4 (-4.7, 5.5) 

Disabled, age 25 to 64 32.8 31.4 27.5 (26.0, 29.1) -3.8* (-5.9, -1.7) 

Not disabled, age 25 to 64 22.7 20.7 19.2 (18.7, 19.7) -1.5* (-2.3, -0.8) 

Not applicable (not age 25 

to 64) 

Monthly income 

volatility 

16.5 15.6 14.0 (13.4, 14.6) -1.6* (-2.5, -0.7) 

Income was about the 

same each month 18.9 17.4 (16.9, 17.9) -1.5* (-2.2, -0.8) 

Income varied somewhat 

from month to month 27.7 26.2 (25.0, 27.5) -1.5 (-3.1, 0.1) 

Income varied a lot from 

month to month 34.3 30.9 (28.4, 33.5) -3.4 (-6.8, 0.1) 

Unknown 6.9 5.6 (4.8, 6.5) -1.3 (-2.6, 0.0) 
D.2 Transaction AFS Use by Bank Account Ownership and Household Characteristics, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Characteristics 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

Employment status 

Employed 

Unemployed 

Not in labor force 

Homeownership 

Homeowner 

Non-homeowner 

Household type 

Married couple 

Unmarried female-headed 

family 

Unmarried male-headed 

family 

Female individual 

Male individual 

Other 

Nativity 

U.S.-born 

Foreign-born citizen 

Foreign-born non-citizen 

Spanish only language 

spoken 

Spanish is not only 

language spoken 

Spanish is only language 

spoken 

Metropolitan status 

Metropolitan area - 

principal city 

Metropolitan area - balance 

Not in metropolitan area 

Not identified 

Geographic region 

Northeast 

Midwest 

South 

West 

22.4 

35.6 

19.2 

14.7 

35.2 

17.6 

36.0 

33.0 

18.7 

23.5 

NA 

20.1 

25.2 

41.4 

21.4 

45.3 

26.7 

18.8 

22.3 

21.0 

21.7 

18.0 

25.6 

19.5 

20.7 

33.5 

18.1 

13.5 

31.7 

16.2 

33.9 

28.7 

17.7 

21.2 

NA 

17.9 

25.3 

41.4 

19.6 

43.1 

25.7 

17.3 

20.3 

17.6 

19.6 

17.1 

22.7 

19.2 

19.0 

31.7 

16.2 

12.1 

29.3 

14.9 

31.1 

27.4 

15.5 

19.5 

NA 

16.4 

23.0 

36.6 

17.3 

44.0 

22.6 

16.0 

18.3 

16.6 

18.0 

14.8 

21.0 

17.6 

(18.5, 19.6) 

(29.0, 34.6) 

(15.6, 16.8) 

(11.7, 12.5) 

(28.4, 30.2) 

(14.4, 15.4) 

(29.7, 32.6) 

(25.1, 29.8) 

(14.6, 16.3) 

(18.5, 20.6) 

NA 

(16.1, 16.8) 

(21.3, 24.7) 

(34.6, 38.6) 

(16.9, 17.7) 

(40.5, 47.6) 

(21.7, 23.5) 

(15.4, 16.6) 

(17.3, 19.4) 

(15.5, 17.8) 

(16.9, 19.0) 

(13.9, 15.6) 

(20.3, 21.7) 

(16.7, 18.5) 

-1.7* 

-1.8 

-1.9* 

-1.4* 

-2.4* 

-1.2* 

-2.8* 

-1.3 

-2.2* 

-1.7* 

NA 

-1.5* 

-2.4 

-4.8* 

-2.3* 

0.9 

-3.1* 

-1.3* 

-2.0* 

-1.0 

-1.7* 

-2.3* 

-1.8* 

-1.6* 

(-2.5, -0.9) 

(-5.3, 1.6) 

(-2.8, -1.1) 

(-2.0, -0.8) 

(-3.6, -1.1) 

(-2.0, -0.5) 

(-4.7, -0.9) 

(-4.4, 1.7) 

(-3.4, -1.0) 

(-3.0, -0.3) 

NA 

(-2.0, -0.9) 

(-4.8, 0.1) 

(-7.6, -2.0) 

(-2.9, -1.8) 

(-3.6, 5.5) 

(-4.4, -1.9) 

(-2.2, -0.4) 

(-3.7, -0.2) 

(-2.4, 0.3) 

(-3.1, -0.2) 

(-3.5, -1.1) 

(-2.7, -0.8) 

(-2.8, -0.4) 

Monthly income volatility is not available in 2013. * indicates differences that are statistically significant at the 10% level. NA indicates that the sample size is 

too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always 

reconcile to totals because of rounding. 

84
85 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

D.3 Credit AFS Use by Bank Account Ownership and Household Characteristics, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Characteristics 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% 

Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

All 

Unbanked 

7.0 7.7 6.9 (6.6, 7.2) -0.8* (-1.1, -0.4) 

Unbanked 16.7 16.5 12.3 (11.1, 13.6) -4.2* (-6.1, -2.3) 

Has bank account 

Family income 

6.2 7.0 6.5 (6.2, 6.8) -0.5* (-0.8, -0.1) 

Less than $15,000 11.4 12.0 9.4 (8.6, 10.3) -2.6* (-3.8, -1.3) 

$15,000 to $30,000 11.0 10.2 9.3 (8.5, 10.2) -0.9 (-2.0, 0.3) 

$30,000 to $50,000 8.1 9.6 8.6 (8.0, 9.3) -1.0* (-2.0, -0.1) 

$50,000 to $75,000 5.4 6.6 6.9 (6.3, 7.5) 0.2 (-0.6, 1.1) 

At least $75,000 

Education 

2.6 3.7 3.9 (3.6, 4.3) 0.2 (-0.2, 0.7) 

No high school diploma 11.4 11.3 9.3 (8.4, 10.3) -2.0* (-3.3, -0.6) 

High school diploma 8.6 9.8 8.1 (7.6, 8.7) -1.7* (-2.5, -0.9) 

Some college 8.8 8.7 8.5 (8.0, 9.1) -0.2 (-1.0, 0.6) 

College degree 

Age group 

2.7 3.9 4.1 (3.7, 4.4) 0.1 (-0.4, 0.6) 

15 to 24 years 12.5 13.1 12.3 (10.7, 14.1) -0.8 (-3.2, 1.7) 

25 to 34 years 10.7 11.4 9.6 (8.9, 10.4) -1.8* (-3.0, -0.6) 

35 to 44 years 9.6 9.6 8.8 (8.1, 9.6) -0.8 (-1.8, 0.2) 

45 to 54 years 8.1 8.0 7.4 (6.8, 8.1) -0.6 (-1.4, 0.2) 

55 to 64 years 5.0 5.9 5.8 (5.2, 6.4) -0.1 (-0.9, 0.6) 

65 years or more 

Race/Ethnicity 

1.9 3.6 3.2 (2.9, 3.6) -0.4 (-0.9, 0.1) 

Black 13.6 12.9 11.6 (10.6, 12.7) -1.3 (-2.7, 0.1) 

Hispanic 9.5 9.7 8.2 (7.5, 9.0) -1.5* (-2.6, -0.4) 

Asian 2.4 4.6 5.0 (3.9, 6.4) 0.3 (-1.5, 2.1) 

White 5.5 6.2 5.6 (5.3, 6.0) -0.6* (-1.0, -0.2) 

Other 

Disability status 

11.5 16.1 13.4 (10.7, 16.7) -2.6 (-6.6, 1.4) 

Disabled, age 25 to 64 14.5 14.6 12.2 (11.2, 13.3) -2.4* (-4.1, -0.7) 

Not disabled, age 25 to 64 7.4 7.8 7.2 (6.9, 7.5) -0.6* (-1.0, -0.1) 

Not applicable (not age 25 

to 64) 

Monthly income 

volatility 

3.8 5.3 4.7 (4.3, 5.2) -0.5 (-1.1, 0.1) 

Income was about the 

same each month 6.9 6.6 (6.3, 7.0) -0.2 (-0.7, 0.2) 

Income varied somewhat 

from month to month 11.4 9.8 (9.0, 10.7) -1.6* (-2.7, -0.4) 

Income varied a lot from 

month to month 15.7 11.9 (10.4, 13.6) -3.8* (-6.2, -1.4) 

Unknown 2.2 1.5 (1.1, 2.0) -0.7 (-1.4, 0.0) 
D.3 Credit AFS Use by Bank Account Ownership and Household Characteristics, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Characteristics 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% 

Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

Employment status 

Employed 

Unemployed 

Not in labor force 

Homeownership 

Homeowner 

Non-homeowner 

Household type 

Married couple 

Unmarried female-headed 

family 

Unmarried male-headed 

family 

Female individual 

Male individual 

Other 

Nativity 

U.S.-born 

Foreign-born citizen 

Foreign-born non-citizen 

Spanish only language 

spoken 

Spanish is not only 

language spoken 

Spanish is only language 

spoken 

Metropolitan status 

Metropolitan area - 

principal city 

Metropolitan area - balance 

Not in metropolitan area 

Not identified 

Geographic region 

Northeast 

Midwest 

South 

West 

7.2 

16.0 

5.6 

4.2 

12.3 

5.2 

15.1 

12.4 

5.3 

6.2 

NA 

7.4 

3.8 

6.0 

7.1 

4.7 

7.9 

5.5 

8.3 

8.4 

4.3 

6.4 

9.0 

6.4 

7.8 

14.9 

6.8 

5.1 

12.2 

6.2 

14.5 

9.7 

6.4 

7.4 

NA 

7.9 

4.7 

8.5 

7.7 

7.5 

8.2 

6.1 

9.9 

9.1 

5.6 

7.3 

9.0 

7.4 

7.5 

10.7 

5.5 

4.8 

10.6 

5.6 

12.4 

9.9 

5.8 

7.0 

NA 

7.0 

5.2 

7.5 

6.9 

6.1 

7.4 

5.7 

8.3 

8.2 

4.6 

6.7 

8.3 

6.5 

(7.2, 7.9) 

(9.0, 12.8) 

(5.1, 6.0) 

(4.5, 5.0) 

(10.0, 11.3) 

(5.3, 5.9) 

(11.3, 13.6) 

(8.7, 11.2) 

(5.2, 6.5) 

(6.3, 7.8) 

NA 

(6.7, 7.3) 

(4.4, 6.0) 

(6.5, 8.6) 

(6.6, 7.3) 

(4.9, 7.5) 

(6.8, 8.0) 

(5.4, 6.1) 

(7.5, 9.1) 

(7.4, 9.0) 

(4.1, 5.3) 

(6.2, 7.3) 

(7.9, 8.8) 

(5.9, 7.1) 

-0.3 

-4.2* 

-1.3* 

-0.3 

-1.5* 

-0.6* 

-2.1* 

0.1 

-0.6 

-0.3 

NA 

-0.8* 

0.5 

-1.0 

-0.7* 

-1.4 

-0.8* 

-0.4 

-1.6* 

-0.9 

-1.0* 

-0.6 

-0.7 

-1.0* 

(-0.8, 0.2) 

(-7.2, -1.3) 

(-2.0, -0.6) 

(-0.7, 0.1) 

(-2.4, -0.7) 

(-1.1, -0.1) 

(-3.6, -0.6) 

(-1.8, 2.0) 

(-1.4, 0.3) 

(-1.3, 0.6) 

NA 

(-1.3, -0.4) 

(-0.6, 1.6) 

(-2.6, 0.5) 

(-1.1, -0.3) 

(-3.6, 0.9) 

(-1.6, 0.0) 

(-0.9, 0.2) 

(-2.8, -0.4) 

(-2.1, 0.3) 

(-1.8, -0.2) 

(-1.4, 0.2) 

(-1.4, 0.1) 

(-1.8, -0.2) 

Monthly income volatility is not available in 2013. * indicates differences that are statistically significant at the 10% level. NA indicates that the sample size is 

too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always 

reconcile to totals because of rounding. 

86
87 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

D.4 AFS Use by State, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Geography 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% 

Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

All 24.9 24.0 22.1 (21.6, 22.5) -1.9* (-2.5, -1.3) 

State 

AL 33.6 31.1 27.3 (24.1, 30.7) -3.9 (-8.0, 0.2) 

AK 20.7 28.7 22.5 (19.1, 26.4) -6.2 (-13.1, 0.8) 

AZ 23.0 22.2 21.7 (18.4, 25.3) -0.6 (-5.1, 4.0) 

AR 34.4 29.0 22.6 (19.0, 26.6) -6.4* (-11.0, -1.8) 

CA 22.3 22.6 20.8 (19.2, 22.4) -1.9 (-4.0, 0.2) 

CO 22.0 20.5 19.5 (16.6, 22.8) -1.0 (-5.7, 3.8) 

CT 17.8 16.5 16.9 (13.7, 20.8) 0.5 (-4.4, 5.3) 

DE 21.4 17.8 17.5 (14.0, 21.8) -0.2 (-5.5, 5.0) 

DC 30.6 31.8 24.9 (21.9, 28.1) -7.0* (-11.5, -2.4) 

FL 22.7 20.8 21.2 (19.2, 23.3) 0.4 (-2.4, 3.2) 

GA 33.9 32.4 30.7 (27.5, 34.2) -1.7 (-6.0, 2.6) 

HI 21.4 17.5 16.7 (13.7, 20.3) -0.8 (-5.1, 3.6) 

ID 23.3 25.0 19.2 (16.4, 22.5) -5.8* (-10.0, -1.6) 

IL 19.2 18.1 19.5 (17.3, 22.0) 1.4 (-1.4, 4.2) 

IN 21.8 20.8 21.3 (18.0, 25.0) 0.4 (-4.8, 5.6) 

IA 17.9 20.1 15.4 (11.7, 20.0) -4.7 (-9.5, 0.1) 

KS 27.0 22.2 23.6 (18.9, 28.9) 1.3 (-4.8, 7.5) 

KY 29.9 24.4 24.0 (20.9, 27.4) -0.4 (-6.6, 5.8) 

LA 32.7 32.7 29.7 (26.8, 32.6) -3.0 (-7.2, 1.2) 

ME 20.7 18.5 19.8 (16.3, 23.9) 1.4 (-3.4, 6.1) 

MD 26.7 25.0 21.2 (17.8, 25.1) -3.8 (-8.4, 0.8) 

MA 20.8 19.9 19.5 (17.1, 22.2) -0.3 (-3.9, 3.2) 

MI 21.4 23.3 17.0 (14.5, 19.9) -6.3* (-10.8, -1.8) 

MN 14.9 15.7 13.3 (10.8, 16.4) -2.4 (-7.3, 2.5) 

MS 40.5 32.7 31.9 (28.8, 35.1) -0.8 (-5.5, 3.9) 

MO 25.4 27.5 20.6 (17.9, 23.6) -6.9* (-10.9, -3.0) 

MT 21.5 15.7 18.9 (16.4, 21.6) 3.2 (-0.1, 6.5) 

NE 23.6 24.0 20.0 (17.2, 23.2) -4.0 (-8.2, 0.1) 

NV 29.9 32.8 28.7 (25.0, 32.9) -4.1 (-9.5, 1.4) 

NH 15.9 19.6 14.9 (12.3, 18.0) -4.6* (-8.8, -0.5) 

NJ 25.4 18.7 21.6 (18.9, 24.6) 2.9 (-0.9, 6.8) 

NM 30.0 32.6 28.4 (25.5, 31.6) -4.2 (-9.6, 1.2) 

NY 24.9 28.7 21.3 (19.5, 23.3) -7.4* (-10.1, -4.7) 

NC 26.5 24.9 20.7 (18.5, 23.2) -4.2* (-7.6, -0.7) 

ND 21.7 22.0 18.1 (15.3, 21.4) -3.9 (-10.8, 3.1) 

OH 25.2 21.4 21.2 (18.7, 23.9) -0.2 (-3.7, 3.2) 

OK 29.4 32.7 25.7 (22.5, 29.2) -7.0* (-11.4, -2.6) 

OR 20.6 23.7 22.8 (19.3, 26.7) -1.0 (-6.5, 4.6) 
D.4 AFS Use by State, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Geography 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% 

Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

PA 25.5 21.3 21.8 (19.7, 24.0) 0.4 (-2.9, 3.8) 

RI 16.7 18.8 18.8 (15.3, 22.9) 0.0 (-5.2, 5.1) 

SC 32.3 29.5 22.8 (19.8, 26.2) -6.7* (-11.3, -2.0) 

SD 21.2 23.4 17.9 (15.1, 21.1) -5.5 (-12.7, 1.8) 

TN 23.9 24.3 26.2 (23.6, 29.1) 1.9 (-2.1, 5.9) 

TX 34.3 29.1 29.2 (27.5, 30.9) 0.1 (-2.7, 3.0) 

UT 15.0 23.1 16.8 (13.9, 20.2) -6.3* (-10.7, -1.9) 

VT 18.4 13.9 12.5 (10.2, 15.3) -1.3 (-4.7, 2.1) 

VA 23.4 22.5 22.8 (20.1, 25.7) 0.3 (-4.1, 4.6) 

WA 20.2 23.7 19.3 (16.2, 22.9) -4.3* (-8.6, -0.1) 

WV 27.2 22.1 23.1 (18.7, 28.3) 1.0 (-4.4, 6.5) 

WI 13.3 17.8 13.8 (11.2, 16.7) -4.0* (-7.4, -0.6) 

WY 25.2 21.9 24.5 (21.1, 28.2) 2.6 (-2.9, 8.2) 

* indicates differences that are statistically significant at the 10% level. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an 

estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 

88
89 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

D.5 Transaction AFS Use by State, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Geography 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% 

Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

All 21.9 20.2 18.3 (17.9, 18.7) -1.8* (-2.4, -1.3) 

State 

AL 28.7 27.7 24.2 (21.2, 27.4) -3.5 (-7.4, 0.3) 

AK 17.1 21.3 15.8 (12.7, 19.5) -5.5 (-11.5, 0.6) 

AZ 19.1 19.3 17.4 (14.8, 20.4) -1.9 (-6.3, 2.5) 

AR 31.1 23.4 18.4 (15.0, 22.4) -5.0* (-8.9, -1.1) 

CA 19.9 18.5 17.6 (16.2, 19.3) -0.9 (-2.9, 1.1) 

CO 18.3 15.5 16.9 (14.0, 20.3) 1.5 (-3.1, 6.0) 

CT 16.0 14.3 14.5 (11.8, 17.7) 0.2 (-4.2, 4.5) 

DE 18.7 16.0 15.2 (11.8, 19.4) -0.8 (-5.7, 4.1) 

DC 28.4 29.5 21.7 (18.9, 24.8) -7.8* (-12.1, -3.4) 

FL 20.0 18.2 17.9 (16.1, 19.9) -0.3 (-2.9, 2.4) 

GA 31.4 29.1 27.3 (24.1, 30.7) -1.8 (-6.0, 2.4) 

HI 18.5 15.1 13.6 (10.8, 16.9) -1.5 (-5.6, 2.5) 

ID 19.5 18.1 15.1 (12.5, 18.1) -3.0 (-8.0, 1.9) 

IL 17.5 16.3 15.8 (13.8, 18.1) -0.5 (-3.0, 2.0) 

IN 18.8 17.0 16.2 (13.7, 19.1) -0.8 (-5.4, 3.8) 

IA 14.8 14.9 10.2 (7.4, 13.9) -4.7* (-8.8, -0.6) 

KS 24.6 17.4 18.1 (14.0, 23.1) 0.8 (-4.4, 6.0) 

KY 24.6 19.6 17.8 (15.1, 20.9) -1.9 (-6.7, 3.0) 

LA 29.9 28.1 26.3 (23.7, 29.0) -1.8 (-5.1, 1.5) 

ME 16.0 13.2 14.7 (11.3, 18.9) 1.5 (-2.9, 5.8) 

MD 25.5 21.1 16.8 (13.5, 20.6) -4.3 (-8.7, 0.1) 

MA 18.7 18.5 16.7 (14.4, 19.1) -1.9 (-5.2, 1.4) 

MI 18.3 20.3 14.2 (12.1, 16.7) -6.0* (-10.1, -2.0) 

MN 12.9 11.5 11.2 (8.8, 14.2) -0.3 (-4.3, 3.7) 

MS 34.5 28.3 28.2 (24.8, 32.0) -0.1 (-4.6, 4.4) 

MO 21.2 23.8 17.3 (14.8, 20.3) -6.4* (-10.1, -2.7) 

MT 17.9 11.7 14.4 (12.1, 17.1) 2.8 (-0.2, 5.8) 

NE 20.1 17.9 15.0 (12.6, 17.8) -2.8 (-6.3, 0.6) 

NV 26.4 28.6 23.0 (19.8, 26.5) -5.6* (-10.4, -0.7) 

NH 14.2 16.1 12.7 (10.3, 15.6) -3.4 (-7.2, 0.5) 

NJ 23.9 16.2 18.8 (16.2, 21.7) 2.6 (-0.8, 6.1) 

NM 25.9 27.8 23.5 (20.4, 26.8) -4.3 (-9.6, 0.9) 

NY 23.3 25.4 19.1 (17.4, 21.0) -6.3* (-9.0, -3.6) 

NC 21.9 21.6 17.2 (14.9, 19.7) -4.4* (-8.1, -0.7) 

ND 17.2 16.3 13.2 (11.0, 15.8) -3.2 (-9.0, 2.7) 

OH 20.9 17.4 16.4 (14.2, 18.8) -1.0 (-4.0, 2.1) 

OK 24.0 27.3 18.3 (15.2, 21.8) -9.1* (-13.4, -4.8) 

OR 18.3 20.4 19.8 (16.7, 23.2) -0.7 (-5.7, 4.4) 
D.5 Transaction AFS Use by State, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Geography 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% 

Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

PA 23.3 16.9 18.8 (16.6, 21.2) 2.0 (-1.3, 5.2) 

RI 14.6 17.0 14.4 (11.2, 18.2) -2.6 (-7.6, 2.3) 

SC 27.2 24.7 17.9 (15.2, 21.0) -6.8* (-11.2, -2.4) 

SD 16.5 17.5 15.8 (13.1, 19.1) -1.7 (-9.3, 6.0) 

TN 20.3 18.5 20.4 (18.1, 23.0) 1.9 (-2.3, 6.0) 

TX 30.0 24.3 24.4 (23.0, 26.0) 0.1 (-2.5, 2.6) 

UT 13.1 18.8 12.6 (9.9, 15.8) -6.3* (-10.7, -1.8) 

VT 15.8 11.9 10.7 (8.5, 13.5) -1.2 (-4.5, 2.1) 

VA 20.5 19.1 18.9 (16.6, 21.6) -0.2 (-4.1, 3.7) 

WA 17.4 20.4 16.0 (12.8, 19.9) -4.4* (-8.7, -0.1) 

WV 23.6 18.5 15.8 (13.5, 18.3) -2.7 (-7.2, 1.7) 

WI 11.9 12.8 10.3 (8.4, 12.6) -2.5 (-5.7, 0.8) 

WY 21.8 17.8 19.8 (16.8, 23.1) 1.9 (-2.7, 6.6) 

* indicates differences that are statistically significant at the 10% level. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an 

estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 

90
91 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

D.6 Credit AFS Use by State, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Geography 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% 

Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

All 7.0 7.7 6.9 (6.6, 7.2) -0.8* (-1.1, -0.4) 

State 

AL 11.9 10.4 11.0 (8.9, 13.4) 0.6 (-3.0, 4.1) 

AK 6.3 10.5 9.6 (7.2, 12.7) -0.9 (-5.1, 3.3) 

AZ 9.4 6.2 6.8 (5.2, 8.9) 0.6 (-2.0, 3.3) 

AR 11.2 10.3 9.5 (7.7, 11.5) -0.8 (-3.5, 1.9) 

CA 5.3 7.1 5.7 (4.9, 6.7) -1.4* (-2.6, -0.2) 

CO 7.8 7.4 6.8 (4.9, 9.4) -0.6 (-3.7, 2.4) 

CT 3.2 3.8 5.1 (3.4, 7.7) 1.3 (-1.1, 3.8) 

DE 5.9 4.1 5.3 (3.4, 8.4) 1.3 (-1.8, 4.4) 

DC 3.8 6.1 4.4 (3.2, 6.1) -1.7 (-3.7, 0.4) 

FL 6.3 6.6 6.6 (5.5, 7.8) -0.1 (-1.6, 1.5) 

GA 8.3 10.4 6.8 (5.2, 8.7) -3.6* (-6.0, -1.2) 

HI 5.4 4.4 5.9 (4.1, 8.4) 1.5 (-1.2, 4.2) 

ID 8.5 10.7 7.0 (4.9, 9.8) -3.7* (-6.4, -1.0) 

IL 5.3 4.7 7.4 (6.0, 9.0) 2.7* (1.0, 4.5) 

IN 6.6 8.0 8.3 (6.3, 11.0) 0.3 (-2.7, 3.4) 

IA 5.7 9.9 6.2 (4.1, 9.2) -3.7* (-7.0, -0.4) 

KS 8.1 8.3 8.2 (5.9, 11.3) -0.1 (-3.6, 3.5) 

KY 8.9 10.7 11.4 (9.5, 13.7) 0.8 (-3.7, 5.2) 

LA 7.8 10.7 8.8 (6.8, 11.5) -1.9 (-5.0, 1.2) 

ME 7.9 6.5 7.3 (5.4, 9.8) 0.8 (-2.3, 3.9) 

MD 4.0 7.3 7.0 (5.2, 9.4) -0.2 (-3.7, 3.2) 

MA 4.2 3.0 4.6 (3.3, 6.2) 1.6 (-0.3, 3.5) 

MI 5.9 8.3 4.7 (3.4, 6.2) -3.6* (-6.6, -0.7) 

MN 5.5 6.0 3.0 (1.9, 4.7) -3.0* (-5.0, -1.0) 

MS 13.6 11.9 11.4 (9.1, 14.3) -0.4 (-4.0, 3.1) 

MO 8.7 8.6 6.6 (5.2, 8.4) -1.9 (-4.7, 0.8) 

MT 7.7 5.8 7.4 (6.1, 9.0) 1.6 (-0.4, 3.6) 

NE 6.9 8.2 7.4 (5.4, 9.9) -0.9 (-4.3, 2.6) 

NV 8.8 10.0 10.4 (8.4, 13.0) 0.4 (-3.0, 3.8) 

NH 3.5 5.3 3.7 (2.4, 5.6) -1.6 (-3.8, 0.6) 

NJ 3.8 4.0 4.9 (3.6, 6.6) 0.9 (-1.3, 3.0) 

NM 10.3 10.7 9.9 (8.2, 11.9) -0.8 (-3.2, 1.6) 

NY 4.5 6.8 4.3 (3.4, 5.5) -2.5* (-4.0, -0.9) 

NC 9.3 6.6 6.8 (5.5, 8.4) 0.3 (-1.9, 2.4) 

ND 6.8 7.2 6.9 (5.3, 9.1) -0.2 (-2.9, 2.5) 

OH 8.7 7.7 9.1 (7.4, 11.1) 1.4 (-0.7, 3.5) 

OK 13.1 13.7 10.8 (8.5, 13.7) -2.8 (-6.3, 0.6) 

OR 6.0 7.0 7.2 (5.3, 9.6) 0.1 (-3.1, 3.3) 
D.6 Credit AFS Use by State, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Geography 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% 

Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

PA 4.4 7.0 4.5 (3.3, 6.2) -2.5* (-4.5, -0.4) 

RI 5.2 2.9 7.3 (5.2, 10.1) 4.4* (1.5, 7.3) 

SC 12.7 9.3 7.0 (5.3, 9.1) -2.3 (-5.0, 0.3) 

SD 7.8 10.6 6.2 (4.5, 8.5) -4.3* (-7.5, -1.2) 

TN 8.9 11.3 11.3 (9.2, 13.8) -0.1 (-3.1, 2.9) 

TX 11.4 10.4 9.3 (8.2, 10.5) -1.1 (-2.9, 0.8) 

UT 4.8 8.7 5.9 (4.3, 7.9) -2.8 (-5.6, 0.1) 

VT 3.9 3.6 2.8 (1.8, 4.2) -0.8 (-2.5, 0.9) 

VA 6.5 5.4 6.8 (5.2, 8.9) 1.4 (-0.9, 3.8) 

WA 5.7 7.5 6.0 (4.5, 7.9) -1.5 (-4.5, 1.4) 

WV 7.8 8.2 12.1 (8.6, 16.7) 3.9 (-0.2, 7.9) 

WI 2.6 6.9 5.4 (3.9, 7.4) -1.5 (-4.2, 1.1) 

WY 10.1 7.9 8.8 (7.0, 11.0) 0.9 (-2.6, 4.4) 

* indicates differences that are statistically significant at the 10% level. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an 

estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 

92
93 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

D.7 AFS Use by MSA, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Geography 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% 

Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

All 24.9 24.0 22.1 (21.6, 22.5) -1.9* (-2.5, -1.3) 

MSA 

Albuquerque, NM 34.3 25.3 23.2 (19.0, 27.9) -2.1 (-9.3, 5.1) 

Atlanta-Sandy SpringsRoswell, GA~ 34.0 32.8 33.8 (29.3, 38.7) 1.0 (-5.4, 7.4) 

Austin-Round Rock, TX 17.9 18.6 23.6 (17.9, 30.6) 5.0 (-4.8, 14.9) 

Baltimore-ColumbiaTowson, MD 28.5 25.3 20.7 (15.9, 26.6) -4.6 (-11.7, 2.6) 

Baton Rouge, LA NA 31.4 21.3 (15.7, 28.3) -10.1* (-19.4, -0.8) 

Billings, MT~ NA 18.0 16.4 (11.1, 23.5) -1.6 (-10.0, 6.8) 

Birmingham-Hoover, AL 27.9 25.3 18.9 (13.3, 26.2) -6.4 (-15.9, 3.1) 

Boise City, ID 21.5 18.3 16.6 (12.4, 21.9) -1.7 (-8.8, 5.3) 

Boston-CambridgeNewton, MA-NH~ 19.1 21.0 21.3 (18.3, 24.6) 0.3 (-4.4, 4.9) 

Burlington-South 

Burlington, VT~ 17.3 12.3 16.3 (11.2, 23.2) 4.0 (-3.4, 11.4) 

Charlotte-ConcordGastonia, NC-SC~ 33.0 30.0 12.9 (9.0, 18.3) -17.1* (-24.6, -9.5) 

Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, 

IL-IN-WI 18.5 18.7 17.6 (15.0, 20.4) -1.1 (-4.9, 2.6) 

Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN~ 29.4 15.9 19.6 (15.3, 24.7) 3.7 (-2.9, 10.2) 

Cleveland-Elyria, OH 23.0 15.5 20.6 (15.5, 26.9) 5.1 (-2.5, 12.8) 

Columbus, OH~ 31.7 27.7 21.4 (15.9, 28.2) -6.2 (-14.6, 2.1) 

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, 

TX~ 33.4 35.7 29.2 (25.5, 33.2) -6.5* (-12.1, -0.9) 

Denver-Aurora-Lakewood, 

CO 21.5 18.1 18.5 (14.8, 22.9) 0.4 (-6.1, 7.0) 

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, 

MI 22.1 22.7 18.3 (14.5, 22.9) -4.4 (-9.7, 1.0) 

Fargo, ND-MN 26.7 23.1 24.9 (19.0, 32.0) 1.8 (-7.5, 11.2) 

Greenville-AndersonMauldin, SC~ NA 30.2 12.9 (8.3, 19.5) -17.3* (-26.1, -8.4) 

Hartford-West HartfordEast Hartford, CT~ 21.3 18.3 20.2 (15.0, 26.6) 1.8 (-6.2, 9.8) 

Houston-The WoodlandsSugar Land, TX~ 36.6 27.2 28.1 (24.5, 32.1) 0.9 (-4.5, 6.3) 

Huntington-Ashland, WVKY-OH~ NA NA 23.1 (16.6, 31.2) NA NA 

Indianapolis-CarmelAnderson, IN~ 24.1 25.3 22.1 (16.6, 28.7) -3.2 (-11.7, 5.3) 

Jackson, MS~ NA 31.5 28.8 (23.2, 35.3) -2.7 (-11.6, 6.2) 

Kansas City, MO-KS~ 26.3 26.5 23.8 (19.1, 29.2) -2.7 (-10.4, 5.1) 

Knoxville, TN~ NA NA 29.5 (23.2, 36.6) NA NA 

Las Vegas-HendersonParadise, NV 29.8 35.6 26.0 (21.7, 30.9) -9.5* (-15.9, -3.1) 

Little Rock-North Little 

Rock-Conway, AR 30.7 34.1 26.2 (20.4, 33.0) -7.9 (-16.4, 0.6) 

Los Angeles-Long BeachAnaheim, CA 22.8 24.5 18.3 (15.6, 21.2) -6.2* (-10.2, -2.2) 
D.7 AFS Use by MSA, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Geography 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% 

Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

Louisville/Jefferson County, 

KY-IN~ 29.4 24.7 26.6 (20.1, 34.4) 2.0 (-8.3, 12.2) 

Manchester-Nashua, NH~ NA 25.8 12.3 (8.6, 17.3) -13.5* (-20.8, -6.1) 

Memphis, TN-MS-AR~ 34.6 25.0 43.7 (36.0, 51.7) 18.7* (8.9, 28.5) 

Miami-Fort LauderdaleWest Palm Beach, FL 17.1 21.8 20.9 (17.2, 25.1) -1.0 (-6.7, 4.8) 

Milwaukee-Waukesha-West 

Allis, WI 14.8 18.6 9.6 (5.7, 15.7) -9.0* (-16.0, -2.0) 

Minneapolis-St. PaulBloomington, MN-WI~ 14.8 15.9 12.0 (9.2, 15.6) -3.9 (-8.9, 1.2) 

Nashville-DavidsonMurfreesboro-Franklin, TN~ 24.7 22.6 21.2 (16.7, 26.5) -1.4 (-9.8, 7.0) 

New Orleans-Metairie, LA~ 26.6 27.3 24.5 (19.7, 30.1) -2.7 (-9.9, 4.4) 

New York-Newark-Jersey 

City, NY-NJ-PA~ 25.7 25.7 21.8 (19.8, 24.0) -3.8* (-6.7, -1.1) 

Oklahoma City, OK 28.8 35.1 28.6 (22.6, 35.5) -6.4 (-16.4, 3.5) 

Omaha-Council Bluffs, 

NE-IA 27.5 29.2 20.7 (16.7, 25.3) -8.6* (-16.1, -1.0) 

Orlando-KissimmeeSanford, FL 30.4 25.7 24.0 (18.7, 30.3) -1.7 (-10.3, 6.9) 

Philadelphia-CamdenWilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD 25.9 21.4 25.4 (21.8, 29.4) 4.0 (-1.3, 9.4) 

Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, 

AZ 20.2 21.5 20.1 (16.8, 23.8) -1.4 (-6.9, 4.1) 

Pittsburgh, PA 26.4 27.9 18.0 (14.0, 23.0) -9.9* (-17.0, -2.7) 

Portland-South Portland, 

ME~ 13.7 18.5 16.0 (11.5, 21.9) -2.5 (-10.3, 5.4) 

Portland-VancouverHillsboro, OR-WA 19.3 22.5 17.0 (13.5, 21.2) -5.5 (-11.2, 0.2) 

Providence-Warwick, 

RI-MA~ 17.8 18.5 18.5 (15.3, 22.2) 0.0 (-6.1, 6.1) 

Riverside-San BernardinoOntario, CA 24.1 22.4 25.7 (21.2, 30.7) 3.2 (-3.8, 10.2) 

Sacramento-RosevilleArden-Arcade, CA 27.6 18.5 20.3 (15.2, 26.5) 1.8 (-6.2, 9.8) 

St. Louis, MO-IL~ 21.4 20.1 21.4 (17.6, 25.7) 1.3 (-4.8, 7.2) 

Salisbury, MD-DE~ NA 16.3 30.7 (19.6, 44.5) 14.4 (-1.1, 29.8) 

Salt Lake City, UT~ 16.4 21.9 20.3 (15.3, 26.3) -1.6 (-9.6, 6.4) 

San Antonio-New 

Braunfels, TX 32.5 37.6 31.3 (26.2, 37.0) -6.3 (-16.2, 3.7) 

San Diego-Carlsbad, CA 20.9 22.3 21.5 (16.3, 27.7) -0.8 (-8.0, 6.4) 

San Francisco-OaklandHayward, CA 16.8 17.9 15.6 (11.5, 20.7) -2.3 (-7.5, 2.9) 

San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa 

Clara, CA 15.8 NA 15.1 (10.3, 21.7) NA NA 

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, 

WA 17.7 20.0 18.8 (15.2, 23.1) -1.2 (-7.1, 4.7) 

Sioux Falls, SD 21.1 19.9 15.5 (11.7, 20.4) -4.3 (-12.6, 4.0) 

Tampa-St. PetersburgClearwater, FL 24.1 19.1 23.5 (18.9, 28.7) 4.4 (-2.0, 10.8) 

94
95 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

D.7 AFS Use by MSA, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Geography 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% 

Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

Tulsa, OK 

Urban Honolulu, HI 

Virginia Beach-NorfolkNewport News, VA-NC~ 

Washington-ArlingtonAlexandria, DC-VA-MDWV~ 

Wichita, KS~ 

Worcester, MA-CT~ 

29.2 

21.6 

34.9 

22.2 

30.4 

NA 

35.8 

18.9 

29.9 

23.5 

30.5 

NA 

25.7 

14.1 

28.4 

23.0 

28.8 

12.0 

(20.6, 31.6) 

(10.8, 18.2) 

(21.3, 36.7) 

(19.7, 26.7) 

(22.2, 36.4) 

(8.3, 17.1) 

-10.1* 

-4.9 

-1.5 

-0.5 

-1.7 

NA 

(-19.0, -1.1) 

(-9.9, 0.2) 

(-12.8, 9.8) 

(-4.7, 3.8) 

(-12.4, 9.0) 

NA 

~ indicates areas with geographic boundary changes between the 2013 and 2015 surveys. See Appendix 1 (FDIC Technical Notes) for details. * indicates 

differences that are statistically significant at the 10% level. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of 

zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 
 

D.8 Transaction AFS Use by MSA, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Geography 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

All 21.9 20.2 18.3 (17.9, 18.7) -1.8* (-2.4, -1.3) 

MSA 

Albuquerque, NM 29.6 21.8 18.5 (14.9, 22.7) -3.3 (-10.0, 3.5) 

Atlanta-Sandy SpringsRoswell, GA~ 31.2 30.7 31.2 (26.7, 36.2) 0.5 (-5.9, 7.0) 

Austin-Round Rock, TX 17.9 17.2 17.0 (11.4, 24.5) -0.2 (-9.8, 9.4) 

Baltimore-ColumbiaTowson, MD 27.5 23.1 17.6 (13.0, 23.4) -5.5 (-12.6, 1.6) 

Baton Rouge, LA NA 27.2 19.4 (13.8, 26.6) -7.8 (-17.4, 1.7) 

Billings, MT~ NA 16.3 7.1 (3.9, 12.6) -9.2* (-16.9, -1.6) 

Birmingham-Hoover, AL 22.8 22.0 15.9 (10.8, 22.8) -6.1 (-15.0, 2.7) 

Boise City, ID 17.6 12.3 11.1 (7.8, 15.5) -1.2 (-7.3, 4.9) 

Boston-CambridgeNewton, MA-NH~ 17.2 19.6 17.9 (15.2, 21.0) -1.7 (-6.0, 2.7) 

Burlington-South 

Burlington, VT~ 14.2 11.7 13.2 (8.3, 20.5) 1.5 (-5.9, 8.9) 

Charlotte-ConcordGastonia, NC-SC~ 27.4 26.6 11.7 (7.8, 17.1) -14.9* (-22.2, -7.6) 

Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, 

IL-IN-WI 17.1 17.1 14.7 (12.3, 17.4) -2.4 (-5.9, 1.0) 

Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN~ 25.3 11.5 16.0 (11.9, 21.2) 4.5 (-1.6, 10.6) 

Cleveland-Elyria, OH 18.1 15.5 18.5 (13.5, 24.7) 3.0 (-4.5, 10.4) 

Columbus, OH~ 27.2 22.9 15.8 (11.0, 22.2) -7.1 (-15.1, 0.9) 

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, 

TX~ 29.1 30.6 24.6 (21.0, 28.5) -6.0* (-11.4, -0.6) 

Denver-Aurora-Lakewood, 

CO 17.7 14.0 14.5 (10.8, 19.1) 0.5 (-5.4, 6.4) 

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, 

MI 20.3 20.0 16.4 (12.8, 20.7) -3.6 (-8.5, 1.3) 

Fargo, ND-MN 18.4 16.6 15.2 (10.6, 21.3) -1.4 (-9.4, 6.6) 

Greenville-AndersonMauldin, SC~ NA 21.4 8.6 (4.8, 15.1) -12.8* (-21.3, -4.4) 

Hartford-West HartfordEast Hartford, CT~ 19.4 17.4 19.1 (14.4, 24.9) 1.6 (-5.8, 9.1) 

Houston-The WoodlandsSugar Land, TX~ 33.4 24.2 24.3 (21.0, 27.9) 0.1 (-5.2, 5.4) 

Huntington-Ashland, WVKY-OH~ NA NA 17.7 (11.6, 26.1) NA NA 

Indianapolis-CarmelAnderson, IN~ 21.7 22.7 19.8 (14.7, 26.0) -2.9 (-11.2, 5.3) 

Jackson, MS~ NA 28.2 26.8 (20.9, 33.7) -1.4 (-10.6, 7.9) 

Kansas City, MO-KS~ 23.7 21.4 18.2 (14.1, 23.2) -3.2 (-10.2, 3.8) 

Knoxville, TN~ NA NA 25.9 (20.0, 33.0) NA NA 

Las Vegas-HendersonParadise, NV 26.9 31.7 20.9 (17.1, 25.3) -10.8* (-16.6, -5.1) 

Little Rock-North Little 

Rock-Conway, AR 27.4 28.4 22.9 (17.5, 29.5) -5.4 (-13.8, 2.9) 

Los Angeles-Long BeachAnaheim, CA 20.3 20.9 15.4 (13.1, 18.1) -5.4* (-9.1, -1.8) 

96
97 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

 

D.8 Transaction AFS Use by MSA, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Geography 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

Louisville/Jefferson County, 

KY-IN~ 24.1 19.7 17.7 (12.6, 24.3) -2.0 (-10.9, 6.9) 

Manchester-Nashua, NH~ NA 18.0 10.4 (6.9, 15.6) -7.5* (-14.2, -0.8) 

Memphis, TN-MS-AR~ 32.0 18.2 37.1 (29.0, 46.1) 19.0* (9.2, 28.8) 

Miami-Fort LauderdaleWest Palm Beach, FL 15.5 19.8 18.4 (14.7, 22.7) -1.4 (-7.0, 4.3) 

Milwaukee-Waukesha-West 

Allis, WI 14.0 15.9 8.4 (4.7, 14.6) -7.6* (-14.3, -0.9) 

Minneapolis-St. PaulBloomington, MN-WI~ 12.5 13.0 9.3 (6.7, 12.7) -3.7 (-8.1, 0.8) 

Nashville-DavidsonMurfreesboro-Franklin, TN~ 20.2 17.1 16.2 (12.5, 20.8) -0.9 (-8.6, 6.9) 

New Orleans-Metairie, LA~ 23.3 24.1 21.1 (16.4, 26.8) -3.0 (-10.0, 4.1) 

New York-Newark-Jersey 

City, NY-NJ-PA~ 24.6 23.3 19.7 (17.7, 21.8) -3.6* (-6.3, -0.9) 

Oklahoma City, OK 23.5 30.6 20.9 (15.5, 27.6) -9.7* (-18.3, -1.0) 

Omaha-Council Bluffs, 

NE-IA 24.5 22.8 15.9 (12.5, 20.0) -6.9* (-13.3, -0.4) 

Orlando-KissimmeeSanford, FL 27.9 22.6 19.8 (14.9, 25.9) -2.8 (-11.0, 5.4) 

Philadelphia-CamdenWilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD 24.6 18.1 21.6 (18.3, 25.3) 3.5 (-1.6, 8.6) 

Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, 

AZ 18.3 19.2 16.3 (13.1, 19.9) -3.0 (-8.5, 2.6) 

Pittsburgh, PA 24.3 20.9 16.1 (12.0, 21.3) -4.8 (-11.7, 2.2) 

Portland-South Portland, 

ME~ 9.3 14.1 12.2 (8.2, 17.9) -1.9 (-8.7, 4.9) 

Portland-VancouverHillsboro, OR-WA 16.8 19.6 14.6 (11.5, 18.2) -5.0 (-10.3, 0.2) 

Providence-Warwick, 

RI-MA~ 16.2 16.8 14.8 (11.9, 18.4) -2.0 (-7.9, 4.0) 

Riverside-San BernardinoOntario, CA 22.3 19.6 22.6 (18.2, 27.7) 3.0 (-3.8, 9.8) 

Sacramento-RosevilleArden-Arcade, CA 20.5 13.6 15.5 (11.0, 21.4) 1.9 (-5.4, 9.3) 

St. Louis, MO-IL~ 18.9 18.6 18.8 (15.2, 23.0) 0.2 (-5.7, 6.1) 

Salisbury, MD-DE~ NA 15.3 18.8 (9.7, 33.4) 3.5 (-11.4, 18.4) 

Salt Lake City, UT~ 13.1 18.5 16.6 (12.1, 22.3) -1.9 (-9.6, 5.7) 

San Antonio-New 

Braunfels, TX 26.5 31.2 25.5 (20.8, 30.9) -5.7 (-14.9, 3.5) 

San Diego-Carlsbad, CA 19.1 18.7 19.2 (14.8, 24.7) 0.5 (-6.2, 7.2) 

San Francisco-OaklandHayward, CA 15.7 10.7 13.0 (9.3, 17.9) 2.3 (-2.4, 7.0) 

San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa 

Clara, CA 15.8 NA 12.3 (8.1, 18.1) NA NA 

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, 

WA 16.7 16.3 16.0 (12.7, 20.0) -0.3 (-5.8, 5.2) 

Sioux Falls, SD 12.7 13.3 13.6 (10.0, 18.2) 0.3 (-7.0, 7.5) 

Tampa-St. PetersburgClearwater, FL 20.3 16.2 20.4 (15.9, 25.8) 4.2 (-1.8, 10.3) 
 

D.8 Transaction AFS Use by MSA, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Geography 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

Tulsa, OK 

Urban Honolulu, HI 

Virginia Beach-NorfolkNewport News, VA-NC~ 

Washington-ArlingtonAlexandria, DC-VA-MDWV~ 

Wichita, KS~ 

Worcester, MA-CT~ 

23.1 

18.6 

31.7 

20.8 

29.6 

NA 

28.8 

15.9 

27.4 

19.8 

23.9 

NA 

18.1 

11.5 

24.0 

18.8 

19.8 

12.0 

(12.9, 24.8) 

(8.6, 15.2) 

(17.7, 31.5) 

(15.9, 22.2) 

(14.4, 26.7) 

(8.3, 17.1) 

-10.8* 

-4.4 

-3.5 

-1.0 

-4.1 

NA 

(-19.6, -1.9) 

(-9.1, 0.2) 

(-13.3, 6.4) 

(-5.0, 3.0) 

(-13.6, 5.5) 

NA 

~ indicates areas with geographic boundary changes between the 2013 and 2015 surveys. See Appendix 1 (FDIC Technical Notes) for details. * indicates 

differences that are statistically significant at the 10% level. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of 

zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 

98
99 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

D.9 Credit AFS Use by MSA, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Geography 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

All 7.0 7.7 6.9 (6.6, 7.2) -0.8* (-1.1, -0.4) 

MSA 

Albuquerque, NM 12.7 9.8 7.2 (5.1, 10.1) -2.6 (-6.6, 1.3) 

Atlanta-Sandy SpringsRoswell, GA~ 8.6 7.9 4.8 (3.4, 6.8) -3.1* (-6.0, -0.2) 

Austin-Round Rock, TX 2.4 4.8 9.6 (6.4, 14.2) 4.8 (-0.5, 10.2) 

Baltimore-ColumbiaTowson, MD 4.1 5.4 6.5 (4.0, 10.3) 1.1 (-3.6, 5.7) 

Baton Rouge, LA NA 6.1 3.3 (1.5, 7.2) -2.8 (-7.2, 1.5) 

Billings, MT~ NA 5.1 11.3 (6.7, 18.2) 6.2 (-0.3, 12.7) 

Birmingham-Hoover, AL 8.9 10.4 6.8 (3.7, 12.2) -3.6 (-9.2, 2.0) 

Boise City, ID 7.2 8.0 7.3 (4.5, 11.8) -0.7 (-5.7, 4.2) 

Boston-CambridgeNewton, MA-NH~ 4.2 2.0 5.8 (4.1, 8.0) 3.8* (1.6, 6.0) 

Burlington-South 

Burlington, VT~ 4.3 1.2 6.4 (3.5, 11.5) 5.2* (1.1, 9.2) 

Charlotte-ConcordGastonia, NC-SC~ 11.8 11.1 4.1 (2.4, 7.2) -7.0* (-11.2, -2.7) 

Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, 

IL-IN-WI 3.8 4.3 5.7 (4.3, 7.5) 1.4 (-0.7, 3.6) 

Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN~ 6.8 6.8 8.2 (5.3, 12.5) 1.4 (-3.3, 6.1) 

Cleveland-Elyria, OH 7.6 5.2 3.6 (1.9, 6.9) -1.6 (-5.4, 2.2) 

Columbus, OH~ 10.9 8.8 8.6 (5.1, 14.2) -0.2 (-5.7, 5.4) 

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, 

TX~ 10.1 11.0 8.2 (6.3, 10.6) -2.8 (-6.2, 0.6) 

Denver-Aurora-Lakewood, 

CO 7.9 5.8 8.0 (5.4, 11.9) 2.2 (-2.6, 7.0) 

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, 

MI 5.1 7.2 3.8 (2.3, 6.0) -3.4* (-6.7, 0.0) 

Fargo, ND-MN 10.7 7.6 10.5 (6.7, 16.1) 2.9 (-3.1, 8.8) 

Greenville-AndersonMauldin, SC~ NA 14.5 4.3 (2.1, 8.5) -10.3* (-17.4, -3.1) 

Hartford-West HartfordEast Hartford, CT~ 3.8 2.7 3.2 (1.4, 7.4) 0.5 (-3.0, 4.0) 

Houston-The WoodlandsSugar Land, TX~ 12.4 7.7 8.6 (6.4, 11.4) 0.9 (-2.1, 3.9) 

Huntington-Ashland, WVKY-OH~ NA NA 11.9 (7.1, 19.3) NA NA 

Indianapolis-CarmelAnderson, IN~ 9.8 9.4 4.9 (2.4, 9.7) -4.5 (-10.2, 1.2) 

Jackson, MS~ NA 9.6 5.4 (3.2, 9.0) -4.2 (-9.1, 0.8) 

Kansas City, MO-KS~ 6.0 8.5 9.2 (6.0, 13.8) 0.6 (-4.5, 5.8) 

Knoxville, TN~ NA NA 9.6 (5.8, 15.3) NA NA 

Las Vegas-HendersonParadise, NV 7.7 10.4 8.5 (6.0, 11.8) -1.9 (-5.6, 1.8) 

Little Rock-North Little 

Rock-Conway, AR 12.6 13.3 10.8 (7.6, 15.3) -2.5 (-8.3, 3.4) 

Los Angeles-Long BeachAnaheim, CA 5.0 6.7 4.8 (3.6, 6.5) -1.9 (-3.9, 0.1) 
D.9 Credit AFS Use by MSA, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Geography 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

Louisville/Jefferson County, 

KY-IN~ 7.4 11.1 14.7 (10.2, 20.6) 3.6 (-3.2, 10.4) 

Manchester-Nashua, NH~ NA 11.4 2.6 (1.1, 6.4) -8.8* (-13.8, -3.8) 

Memphis, TN-MS-AR~ 9.0 10.3 17.2 (11.8, 24.5) 6.9 (-1.0, 14.8) 

Miami-Fort LauderdaleWest Palm Beach, FL 3.5 5.2 4.5 (3.1, 6.4) -0.8 (-3.2, 1.6) 

Milwaukee-Waukesha-West 

Allis, WI 1.2 5.7 2.0 (0.7, 5.5) -3.7 (-7.8, 0.4) 

Minneapolis-St. PaulBloomington, MN-WI~ 5.6 4.6 3.8 (2.4, 6.1) -0.7 (-3.2, 1.7) 

Nashville-DavidsonMurfreesboro-Franklin, TN~ 8.9 10.9 7.7 (4.7, 12.2) -3.2 (-9.3, 2.8) 

New Orleans-Metairie, LA~ 5.8 8.2 7.8 (5.2, 11.6) -0.4 (-5.0, 4.2) 

New York-Newark-Jersey 

City, NY-NJ-PA~ 3.6 5.4 3.9 (3.1, 5.0) -1.5* (-2.9, -0.1) 

Oklahoma City, OK 11.8 14.0 11.0 (7.0, 16.8) -3.0 (-9.6, 3.6) 

Omaha-Council Bluffs, 

NE-IA 7.0 8.6 6.8 (4.4, 10.5) -1.7 (-6.9, 3.5) 

Orlando-KissimmeeSanford, FL 6.5 8.4 10.0 (6.7, 14.5) 1.6 (-4.1, 7.3) 

Philadelphia-CamdenWilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD 3.5 4.9 6.0 (4.0, 9.0) 1.2 (-1.6, 4.0) 

Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, 

AZ 5.7 4.9 6.1 (4.1, 9.0) 1.2 (-1.5, 3.8) 

Pittsburgh, PA 4.2 9.6 3.8 (2.0, 6.8) -5.9* (-10.7, -1.1) 

Portland-South Portland, 

ME~ 6.3 5.9 5.1 (2.4, 10.7) -0.7 (-5.8, 4.3) 

Portland-VancouverHillsboro, OR-WA 5.2 6.6 4.2 (2.7, 6.7) -2.4 (-5.5, 0.6) 

Providence-Warwick, 

RI-MA~ 4.1 4.7 5.8 (4.1, 8.1) 1.1 (-2.3, 4.6) 

Riverside-San BernardinoOntario, CA 6.2 6.3 6.1 (4.0, 9.2) -0.1 (-3.9, 3.6) 

Sacramento-RosevilleArden-Arcade, CA 10.4 9.8 8.7 (5.4, 13.7) -1.1 (-6.8, 4.6) 

St. Louis, MO-IL~ 6.7 6.8 5.3 (3.5, 7.9) -1.5 (-4.8, 1.8) 

Salisbury, MD-DE~ NA 1.6 13.6 (7.5, 23.4) 12.0* (4.4, 19.6) 

Salt Lake City, UT~ 4.9 6.7 5.7 (3.4, 9.6) -0.9 (-5.0, 3.1) 

San Antonio-New 

Braunfels, TX 14.1 16.5 9.8 (6.7, 14.2) -6.6 (-13.3, 0.0) 

San Diego-Carlsbad, CA 5.2 7.2 3.6 (1.8, 7.1) -3.6 (-7.3, 0.1) 

San Francisco-OaklandHayward, CA 2.1 8.5 4.5 (2.7, 7.4) -4.0* (-7.3, -0.7) 

San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa 

Clara, CA 1.8 NA 6.9 (3.7, 12.3) NA NA 

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, 

WA 3.2 6.6 5.5 (3.6, 8.2) -1.1 (-4.4, 2.2) 

Sioux Falls, SD 10.8 8.5 4.6 (2.6, 8.0) -3.9 (-9.3, 1.6) 

Tampa-St. PetersburgClearwater, FL 9.6 7.4 5.9 (3.8, 9.1) -1.5 (-5.2, 2.3) 

100
101 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

D.9 Credit AFS Use by MSA, 2013-2017 

For all households 

Geography 2013 

(Percent) 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

Tulsa, OK 

Urban Honolulu, HI 

Virginia Beach-NorfolkNewport News, VA-NC~ 

Washington-ArlingtonAlexandria, DC-VA-MDWV~ 

Wichita, KS~ 

Worcester, MA-CT~ 

11.7 

5.3 

12.3 

2.9 

9.6 

NA 

13.2 

5.0 

4.2 

5.4 

16.4 

NA 

8.5 

5.4 

6.9 

7.7 

10.2 

0.8 

(5.6, 12.8) 

(3.2, 8.9) 

(4.0, 11.7) 

(5.8, 10.2) 

(6.1, 16.5) 

(0.1, 6.0) 

-4.7 

0.4 

2.8 

2.3 

-6.2 

NA 

(-11.0, 1.7) 

(-3.0, 3.8) 

(-2.2, 7.7) 

(-0.6, 5.1) 

(-14.7, 2.4) 

NA 

~ indicates areas with geographic boundary changes between the 2013 and 2015 surveys. See Appendix 1 (FDIC Technical Notes) for details. * indicates 

differences that are statistically significant at the 10% level. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of 

zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 
102 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

E.1 Rates of Saving for Unexpected Expenses or Emergencies by Banking Status and Household 

Characteristics, 2015-2017 

For all households 

Characteristics 2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

All 

Unbanked and underbanked 

56.3 57.8 (57.2, 58.4) 1.4* (0.6, 2.2) 

Unbanked 20.2 17.4 (15.7, 19.3) -2.8* (-5.5, 0.0) 

Banked: Underbanked 55.2 56.3 (55.1, 57.5) 1.1 (-0.5, 2.6) 

Banked: Fully banked 60.0 61.6 (61.0, 62.3) 1.6* (0.7, 2.5) 

Banked: Underbanked status unknown 

Family income 

57.8 55.5 (48.4, 62.5) -2.3 (-12.6, 8.1) 

Less than $15,000 30.8 28.9 (27.4, 30.4) -1.9 (-3.9, 0.1) 

$15,000 to $30,000 42.2 41.0 (39.6, 42.3) -1.2 (-3.1, 0.7) 

$30,000 to $50,000 53.2 54.7 (53.5, 55.9) 1.4 (-0.3, 3.2) 

$50,000 to $75,000 63.6 63.7 (62.5, 64.9) 0.1 (-1.6, 1.8) 

At least $75,000 

Education 

72.9 73.8 (73.0, 74.7) 1.0 (-0.2, 2.1) 

No high school diploma 30.1 31.7 (30.0, 33.4) 1.6 (-1.0, 4.1) 

High school diploma 47.2 48.6 (47.5, 49.7) 1.4 (0.0, 2.8) 

Some college 58.9 59.1 (58.0, 60.1) 0.2 (-1.2, 1.6) 

College degree 

Age group 

69.4 70.0 (69.2, 70.9) 0.6 (-0.6, 1.8) 

15 to 24 years 55.7 60.1 (57.6, 62.5) 4.4* (1.0, 7.8) 

25 to 34 years 60.7 63.9 (62.5, 65.2) 3.1* (1.0, 5.2) 

35 to 44 years 58.8 61.2 (60.0, 62.4) 2.4* (0.8, 4.0) 

45 to 54 years 58.2 59.3 (58.0, 60.6) 1.1 (-0.5, 2.7) 

55 to 64 years 56.4 56.8 (55.6, 58.0) 0.4 (-1.3, 2.1) 

65 years or more 

Race/Ethnicity 

50.1 50.6 (49.5, 51.6) 0.5 (-1.1, 2.1) 

Black 45.6 45.7 (43.8, 47.5) 0.1 (-2.3, 2.5) 

Hispanic 42.5 48.2 (46.5, 49.9) 5.7* (3.3, 8.1) 

Asian 52.9 55.2 (52.7, 57.6) 2.3 (-1.7, 6.3) 

White 61.3 62.4 (61.7, 63.0) 1.1* (0.1, 2.0) 

Other 

Disability status 

56.2 53.1 (48.6, 57.5) -3.1 (-9.1, 2.9) 

Disabled, age 25 to 64 39.0 38.5 (36.7, 40.3) -0.5 (-2.9, 1.9) 

Not disabled, age 25 to 64 61.3 63.2 (62.5, 63.9) 1.9* (1.0, 2.9) 

Not applicable (not age 25 to 64) 

Monthly income volatility 

51.1 52.2 (51.2, 53.2) 1.1 (-0.3, 2.5) 

Income was about the same each 

month 56.3 56.9 (56.2, 57.6) 0.7 (-0.3, 1.6) 

Income varied somewhat from month 

to month 58.3 63.0 (61.8, 64.3) 4.7* (2.8, 6.6) 

Income varied a lot from month to 

month 51.3 52.5 (50.1, 55.0) 1.2 (-2.1, 4.5) 

Unknown 42.2 42.9 (35.8, 50.3) 0.7 (-11.3, 12.6) 
103 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

E.1 Rates of Saving for Unexpected Expenses or Emergencies by Banking Status and Household 

Characteristics, 2015-2017 

For all households 

Characteristics 2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

Employment status 

Employed 

Unemployed 

Not in labor force 

Homeownership 

Homeowner 

Non-homeowner 

Household type 

Married couple 

Unmarried female-headed family 

Unmarried male-headed family 

Female individual 

Male individual 

Other 

Nativity 

U.S.-born 

Foreign-born citizen 

Foreign-born non-citizen 

Spanish only language spoken 

Spanish is not only language spoken 

Spanish is only language spoken 

Metropolitan status 

Metropolitan area - principal city 

Metropolitan area - balance 

Not in metropolitan area 

Not identified 

Geographic region 

Northeast 

Midwest 

South 

West 

63.1 

44.5 

45.6 

61.5 

47.3 

63.1 

46.2 

50.6 

51.1 

52.1 

NA 

58.4 

47.9 

39.9 

57.0 

25.8 

55.1 

58.4 

52.5 

56.5 

56.2 

61.1 

52.1 

59.1 

64.8 

46.0 

46.3 

63.3 

48.1 

64.6 

47.0 

53.6 

51.9 

53.7 

NA 

59.7 

48.6 

42.9 

58.8 

31.3 

55.7 

60.5 

52.5 

59.0 

55.8 

60.9 

55.3 

60.4 

(64.1, 65.6) 

(42.7, 49.4) 

(45.5, 47.2) 

(62.6, 64.0) 

(47.1, 49.0) 

(63.8, 65.4) 

(45.4, 48.7) 

(51.1, 56.1) 

(50.6, 53.2) 

(52.3, 55.1) 

NA 

(59.1, 60.3) 

(46.4, 50.8) 

(40.9, 45.0) 

(58.2, 59.4) 

(28.5, 34.1) 

(54.5, 56.9) 

(59.6, 61.3) 

(50.6, 54.5) 

(57.0, 61.0) 

(54.5, 57.2) 

(59.8, 62.1) 

(54.2, 56.5) 

(59.1, 61.6) 

1.7* 

1.5 

0.7 

1.8* 

0.8 

1.4* 

0.8 

3.0 

0.8 

1.7 

NA 

1.3* 

0.7 

3.0 

1.8* 

5.5* 

0.6 

2.1* 

0.1 

2.5 

-0.3 

-0.1 

3.3* 

1.3 

(0.7, 2.7) 

(-3.1, 6.1) 

(-0.4, 1.9) 

(0.8, 2.8) 

(-0.6, 2.1) 

(0.4, 2.5) 

(-1.4, 3.0) 

(-0.4, 6.4) 

(-1.0, 2.6) 

(-0.2, 3.5) 

NA 

(0.5, 2.1) 

(-2.3, 3.7) 

(-0.1, 6.0) 

(1.0, 2.6) 

(1.2, 9.8) 

(-0.9, 2.1) 

(0.9, 3.3) 

(-2.4, 2.5) 

(-0.1, 5.1) 

(-2.3, 1.6) 

(-1.9, 1.6) 

(1.7, 4.8) 

(-0.3, 2.8) 

Excludes households with missing information on whether the household saved for unexpected expenses or emergencies. * indicates differences that are 

statistically significant at the 10% level. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The 

population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 
E.2 Rates of Saving for Unexpected Expenses or Emergencies by State, 2015-2017 

For all households 

Geography 2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

All 56.3 57.8 (57.2, 58.4) 1.4* (0.6, 2.2) 

State 

AL 52.7 51.9 (47.5, 56.3) -0.8 (-5.3, 3.8) 

AK 60.8 71.1 (67.0, 74.8) 10.2* (4.5, 16.0) 

AZ 64.3 62.3 (57.9, 66.6) -1.9 (-7.9, 4.0) 

AR 50.4 50.8 (44.0, 57.6) 0.5 (-8.9, 9.8) 

CA 54.0 55.7 (53.6, 57.7) 1.7 (-0.9, 4.2) 

CO 70.3 68.4 (62.0, 74.2) -1.9 (-9.6, 5.8) 

CT 62.2 63.5 (58.6, 68.1) 1.3 (-5.4, 8.0) 

DE 53.3 64.4 (59.6, 68.9) 11.1* (5.0, 17.2) 

DC 53.2 67.0 (63.8, 70.1) 13.8* (8.9, 18.8) 

FL 42.7 51.3 (48.6, 54.0) 8.6* (5.0, 12.3) 

GA 50.2 52.2 (47.7, 56.7) 2.0 (-3.2, 7.2) 

HI 59.0 58.8 (53.6, 63.9) -0.2 (-7.2, 6.8) 

ID 52.6 57.4 (52.2, 62.5) 4.8 (-0.6, 10.2) 

IL 64.0 59.9 (56.6, 63.0) -4.1* (-8.1, -0.2) 

IN 59.6 62.1 (58.1, 66.0) 2.5 (-2.7, 7.6) 

IA 61.4 66.2 (62.5, 69.7) 4.8 (-1.9, 11.4) 

KS 58.1 59.8 (53.1, 66.2) 1.8 (-7.5, 11.0) 

KY 56.2 50.7 (47.0, 54.5) -5.5 (-11.8, 0.8) 

LA 50.6 50.5 (45.9, 55.2) 0.0 (-4.9, 4.8) 

ME 68.7 60.0 (54.1, 65.6) -8.7* (-15.1, -2.2) 

MD 59.1 67.7 (62.5, 72.5) 8.6* (2.2, 15.0) 

MA 57.2 56.7 (53.3, 60.1) -0.4 (-5.5, 4.7) 

MI 56.3 57.5 (53.3, 61.6) 1.2 (-5.3, 7.7) 

MN 64.9 66.2 (62.9, 69.4) 1.3 (-3.4, 6.0) 

MS 50.6 46.9 (43.9, 49.8) -3.7 (-8.2, 0.7) 

MO 64.3 61.1 (57.3, 64.9) -3.2 (-8.9, 2.5) 

MT 69.3 68.5 (65.3, 71.6) -0.8 (-6.0, 4.4) 

NE 55.6 68.8 (63.8, 73.4) 13.2* (5.7, 20.6) 

NV 54.8 58.9 (54.2, 63.3) 4.0 (-2.7, 10.7) 

NH 60.3 58.1 (54.5, 61.6) -2.2 (-8.0, 3.6) 

NJ 53.2 54.2 (50.8, 57.7) 1.1 (-3.8, 5.9) 

NM 49.9 55.1 (50.4, 59.7) 5.2 (-1.2, 11.6) 

NY 51.8 51.4 (48.7, 54.1) -0.3 (-4.0, 3.4) 

NC 53.3 59.0 (53.0, 64.8) 5.7 (-0.4, 11.7) 

ND 67.1 55.6 (46.6, 64.3) -11.5 (-23.9, 1.0) 

OH 58.9 59.2 (56.4, 61.9) 0.3 (-3.5, 4.1) 

OK 52.7 60.0 (55.2, 64.6) 7.3* (1.0, 13.7) 

104
105 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

E.2 Rates of Saving for Unexpected Expenses or Emergencies by State, 2015-2017 

For all households 

Geography 2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

OR 65.7 69.4 (65.5, 73.1) 3.8 (-1.9, 9.5) 

PA 60.1 60.2 (57.2, 63.1) 0.1 (-4.0, 4.2) 

RI 59.0 55.1 (50.2, 60.0) -3.8 (-10.4, 2.8) 

SC 60.8 57.8 (52.6, 62.9) -3.0 (-10.7, 4.8) 

SD 63.6 59.9 (55.7, 64.0) -3.6 (-9.1, 1.8) 

TN 56.3 56.1 (52.1, 60.1) -0.2 (-4.9, 4.5) 

TX 53.0 55.4 (52.6, 58.1) 2.4 (-1.0, 5.7) 

UT 71.3 74.1 (69.6, 78.1) 2.8 (-2.7, 8.3) 

VT 61.9 59.8 (55.7, 63.8) -2.1 (-7.7, 3.5) 

VA 59.4 65.5 (62.0, 68.9) 6.1* (1.0, 11.3) 

WA 65.9 66.3 (63.1, 69.3) 0.4 (-3.9, 4.7) 

WV 45.8 40.5 (37.1, 43.9) -5.3 (-11.1, 0.4) 

WI 63.2 61.4 (57.7, 65.0) -1.8 (-7.2, 3.5) 

WY 63.9 63.3 (59.4, 67.0) -0.6 (-7.8, 6.6) 

Excludes households with missing information on whether the household saved for unexpected expenses or emergencies. * indicates differences that are 

statistically significant at the 10% level. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The 

population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 
E.3 Rates of Saving for Unexpected Expenses or Emergencies by MSA, 2015-2017 

For all households 

Geography 2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

All 56.3 57.8 (57.2, 58.4) 1.4* (0.6, 2.2) 

MSA 

Albuquerque, NM 57.5 61.0 (55.9, 65.9) 3.5 (-3.1, 10.2) 

Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA~ 52.4 57.1 (51.9, 62.1) 4.7 (-1.9, 11.3) 

Austin-Round Rock, TX 46.1 62.4 (54.7, 69.4) 16.2* (5.3, 27.1) 

Baltimore-Columbia-Towson, MD 66.0 70.4 (63.6, 76.4) 4.4 (-3.8, 12.7) 

Baton Rouge, LA 62.6 59.2 (51.3, 66.6) -3.4 (-14.4, 7.6) 

Billings, MT~ 72.2 75.1 (68.0, 81.2) 2.9 (-8.3, 14.2) 

Birmingham-Hoover, AL 61.0 40.1 (32.0, 48.8) -20.9* (-32.0, -9.8) 

Boise City, ID 55.7 57.6 (50.9, 64.1) 2.0 (-6.7, 10.6) 

Boston-Cambridge-Newton, MA-NH~ 60.4 58.8 (54.7, 62.8) -1.6 (-7.3, 4.1) 

Burlington-South Burlington, VT~ 65.2 NA NA NA NA 

Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia, NC-SC~ 55.0 64.6 (58.5, 70.2) 9.5* (0.8, 18.2) 

Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI 63.8 59.8 (56.3, 63.3) -4.0 (-8.6, 0.6) 

Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN~ 50.5 52.7 (45.8, 59.5) 2.3 (-8.7, 13.2) 

Cleveland-Elyria, OH 51.9 62.3 (56.4, 67.8) 10.4* (1.8, 18.9) 

Columbus, OH~ 69.1 64.0 (56.4, 71.0) -5.1 (-14.6, 4.5) 

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX~ 63.0 59.5 (55.1, 63.7) -3.6 (-9.6, 2.5) 

Denver-Aurora-Lakewood, CO 68.8 63.0 (56.2, 69.2) -5.9 (-14.5, 2.8) 

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI 64.3 56.1 (50.0, 61.9) -8.2* (-16.3, -0.2) 

Fargo, ND-MN 72.6 60.6 (52.3, 68.2) -12.1* (-22.5, -1.7) 

Greenville-Anderson-Mauldin, SC~ 62.8 60.9 (52.1, 69.1) -1.9 (-14.4, 10.5) 

Hartford-West Hartford-East Hartford, 

CT~ 67.0 66.5 (58.7, 73.5) -0.5 (-11.6, 10.6) 

Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, 

TX~ 53.5 59.1 (54.3, 63.8) 5.6 (-1.4, 12.6) 

Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH~ NA NA NA NA NA 

Indianapolis-Carmel-Anderson, IN~ 56.6 63.0 (56.7, 68.9) 6.5 (-3.3, 16.2) 

Jackson, MS~ 58.9 42.3 (36.0, 48.8) -16.6* (-25.9, -7.2) 

Kansas City, MO-KS~ 57.8 73.6 (67.2, 79.2) 15.8* (6.9, 24.8) 

Knoxville, TN~ NA 55.1 (46.7, 63.2) NA NA 

Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise, NV 57.4 58.3 (53.1, 63.4) 1.0 (-6.5, 8.4) 

Little Rock-North Little Rock-Conway, 

AR 52.3 59.1 (50.9, 66.9) 6.8 (-3.5, 17.1) 

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA 49.6 51.7 (48.6, 54.8) 2.2 (-2.5, 6.9) 

Louisville/Jefferson County, KY-IN~ 55.5 63.3 (55.2, 70.7) 7.8 (-3.0, 18.6) 

Manchester-Nashua, NH~ 68.2 58.8 (52.3, 65.1) -9.3 (-18.7, 0.1) 

Memphis, TN-MS-AR~ 53.7 46.0 (37.7, 54.6) -7.7 (-19.0, 3.6) 

Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm 

Beach, FL 37.8 35.8 (31.0, 41.0) -2.0 (-8.3, 4.3) 

Milwaukee-Waukesha-West Allis, WI 61.3 64.3 (54.9, 72.8) 3.0 (-9.2, 15.2) 

Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, 

MN-WI~ 68.1 66.8 (62.3, 71.0) -1.3 (-7.3, 4.6) 

106
107 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

E.3 Rates of Saving for Unexpected Expenses or Emergencies by MSA, 2015-2017 

For all households 

Geography 2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

Nashville-Davidson-MurfreesboroFranklin, TN~ 71.1 68.1 (60.7, 74.7) -3.1 (-12.6, 6.4) 

New Orleans-Metairie, LA~ 43.8 49.6 (42.6, 56.6) 5.8 (-3.7, 15.4) 

New York-Newark-Jersey City, NYNJ-PA~ 49.5 48.0 (45.2, 50.8) -1.5 (-5.2, 2.2) 

Oklahoma City, OK 51.7 70.4 (61.7, 77.8) 18.7* (7.7, 29.7) 

Omaha-Council Bluffs, NE-IA 63.2 71.2 (63.9, 77.6) 8.0 (-2.3, 18.3) 

Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford, FL 44.3 67.0 (60.0, 73.3) 22.6* (13.6, 31.6) 

Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, 

PA-NJ-DE-MD 57.7 62.9 (58.8, 66.8) 5.2 (-0.2, 10.6) 

Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ 64.7 68.1 (62.9, 72.9) 3.4 (-3.7, 10.4) 

Pittsburgh, PA 64.0 62.4 (56.4, 68.1) -1.6 (-10.8, 7.6) 

Portland-South Portland, ME~ 69.2 67.3 (58.4, 75.0) -2.0 (-12.6, 8.7) 

Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA 66.1 74.7 (69.9, 78.9) 8.6* (1.7, 15.5) 

Providence-Warwick, RI-MA~ 55.1 54.7 (49.7, 59.6) -0.4 (-8.1, 7.3) 

Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA 46.6 52.0 (46.5, 57.4) 5.4 (-2.5, 13.2) 

Sacramento-Roseville-Arden-Arcade, 

CA 59.9 57.4 (51.0, 63.5) -2.5 (-12.1, 7.2) 

St. Louis, MO-IL~ 68.8 54.8 (48.8, 60.6) -14.1* (-23.1, -5.1) 

Salisbury, MD-DE~ 42.5 NA NA NA NA 

Salt Lake City, UT~ 72.4 76.8 (70.4, 82.1) 4.4 (-4.2, 13.1) 

San Antonio-New Braunfels, TX 52.3 54.1 (46.7, 61.3) 1.8 (-8.0, 11.6) 

San Diego-Carlsbad, CA 52.2 60.5 (54.5, 66.2) 8.3 (-0.3, 16.9) 

San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, CA 55.0 59.4 (53.1, 65.4) 4.4 (-2.9, 11.7) 

San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA NA 68.0 (59.1, 75.8) NA NA 

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA 67.4 67.9 (63.7, 71.8) 0.4 (-5.7, 6.6) 

Sioux Falls, SD 71.1 64.0 (57.9, 69.8) -7.1 (-15.1, 0.9) 

Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL 42.6 48.7 (42.2, 55.2) 6.1 (-3.6, 15.8) 

Tulsa, OK 64.8 66.4 (58.5, 73.5) 1.7 (-8.5, 11.8) 

Urban Honolulu, HI 59.3 58.2 (51.8, 64.4) -1.1 (-9.7, 7.6) 

Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, 

VA-NC~ 68.4 66.4 (57.5, 74.2) -2.0 (-13.1, 9.1) 

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DCVA-MD-WV~ 60.9 67.5 (62.9, 71.9) 6.7* (0.7, 12.7) 

Wichita, KS~ 53.5 57.5 (49.6, 65.0) 4.0 (-7.5, 15.5) 

Worcester, MA-CT~ NA 49.3 (41.7, 57.0) NA NA 

Excludes households with missing information on whether the household saved for unexpected expenses or emergencies. ~ indicates areas with geographic 

boundary changes between the 2013 and 2015 surveys. See Appendix 1 (FDIC Technical Notes) for details. * indicates differences that are statistically significant 

at the 10% level. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be 

slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 
E.4 Savings Methods by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 2017 

For all households that saved for unexpected expenses or emergencies in the past 12 months, row percent 

Characteristics 

Number of 

Households 

(1000s) 

Percent of 

Households 

Checking 

account 

(Percent) 

Savings 

account 

(Percent) 

Prepaid 

card 

(Percent) 

Other 

accounts 

(Percent) 

In home, or 

with family 

or friends 

(Percent) 

Intent 

to pawn 

or sell 

(Percent) 

Other 

method 

(Percent) 

Unknown 

method 

(Percent) 

All 

Unbanked and 

underbanked 

Unbanked 

Banked: Underbanked 

Banked: Fully banked 

Banked: Underbanked 

status unknown 

Family income 

Less than $15,000 

$15,000 to $30,000 

$30,000 to $50,000 

$50,000 to $75,000 

At least $75,000 

Education 

No high school 

diploma 

High school diploma 

Some college 

College degree 

Age group 

15 to 24 years 

25 to 34 years 

35 to 44 years 

45 to 54 years 

55 to 64 years 

65 years or more 

Race/Ethnicity 

Black 

Hispanic 

Asian 

White 

Other 

Disability status 

Disabled, age 25 to 64 

Not disabled, age 25 

to 64 

Not applicable (not 

age 25 to 64) 

67,697 

1,267 

13,238 

52,759 

NA 

4,095 

7,241 

12,660 

13,845 

29,856 

3,492 

14,541 

20,072 

29,591 

3,683 

12,265 

11,936 

12,565 

12,620 

14,627 

7,390 

7,122 

3,237 

48,936 

1,012 

3,953 

45,433 

18,311 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

NA 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

23.7 

2.2 

23.9 

24.1 

NA 

27.7 

26.2 

24.0 

21.8 

23.3 

26.0 

23.5 

21.9 

24.8 

18.9 

21.5 

21.3 

23.5 

24.8 

27.9 

21.5 

23.0 

31.7 

23.5 

27.6 

25.9 

22.5 

26.1 

71.6 

2.0 

65.1 

75.0 

NA 

49.6 

54.3 

67.2 

74.9 

79.1 

52.8 

64.8 

70.1 

78.1 

67.7 

73.2 

74.3 

72.8 

71.8 

67.7 

67.1 

65.9 

75.4 

73.0 

62.8 

58.7 

74.2 

67.7 

0.3 

10.1 

0.4 

0.1 

NA 

1.1 

0.7 

0.6 

0.2 

0.1 

1.1 

0.5 

0.4 

0.1 

1.0 

0.6 

0.2 

0.4 

0.1 

0.2 

1.0 

0.5 

0.1 

0.2 

1.2 

0.9 

0.3 

0.3 

9.0 

3.2 

6.9 

9.8 

NA 

3.1 

3.9 

5.9 

7.8 

13.0 

2.2 

5.1 

7.2 

13.0 

3.0 

6.0 

7.5 

8.9 

11.0 

12.7 

5.0 

4.7 

8.6 

10.3 

8.3 

5.6 

8.6 

10.8 

10.5 

66.8 

16.3 

7.7 

NA 

23.7 

19.1 

13.2 

9.2 

6.1 

21.6 

15.5 

12.1 

5.7 

16.5 

11.4 

11.0 

10.0 

10.8 

7.9 

14.2 

15.5 

3.0 

9.5 

20.5 

18.4 

10.2 

9.7 

0.1 

0.8 

0.3 

0.1 

NA 

0.1 

0.2 

0.2 

0.1 

0.2 

0.2 

0.2 

0.2 

0.1 

0.1 

0.2 

0.2 

0.1 

0.2 

0.1 

0.2 

0.2 

0.3 

0.1 

-

-

0.2 

0.1 

2.6 

12.8 

3.9 

2.0 

NA 

3.6 

4.1 

3.1 

2.2 

2.0 

4.2 

2.9 

2.7 

2.1 

3.2 

2.5 

2.5 

2.4 

2.3 

2.9 

3.9 

2.0 

2.3 

2.5 

3.3 

4.0 

2.3 

3.0 

1.5 

4.4 

1.4 

1.4 

NA 

2.0 

2.5 

1.4 

1.5 

1.3 

1.6 

1.9 

1.8 

1.2 

2.3 

1.2 

1.4 

1.2 

1.4 

2.2 

2.3 

2.0 

0.8 

1.4 

1.0 

1.6 

1.3 

2.2 

108
109 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

E.4 Savings Methods by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 2017 

For all households that saved for unexpected expenses or emergencies in the past 12 months, row percent 

Characteristics 

Number of 

Households 

(1000s) 

Percent of 

Households 

Checking 

account 

(Percent) 

Savings 

account 

(Percent) 

Prepaid 

card 

(Percent) 

Other 

accounts 

(Percent) 

In home, or 

with family 

or friends 

(Percent) 

Intent 

to pawn 

or sell 

(Percent) 

Other 

method 

(Percent) 

Unknown 

method 

(Percent) 

Monthly income 

volatility 

Income was about the 

same each month 

Income varied 

somewhat from month 

to month 

Income varied a lot 

from month to month 

Unknown 

Employment status 

Employed 

Unemployed 

Not in labor force 

Homeownership 

Homeowner 

Non-homeowner 

Household type 

Married couple 

Unmarried femaleheaded family 

Unmarried maleheaded family 

Female individual 

Male individual 

Other 

Nativity 

U.S.-born 

Foreign-born citizen 

Foreign-born noncitizen 

Spanish only 

language spoken 

Spanish is not only 

language spoken 

Spanish is only 

language spoken 

Metropolitan status 

Metropolitan area - 

principal city 

Metropolitan area - 

balance 

Not in metropolitan 

area 

Not identified 

Geographic region 

Northeast 

Midwest 

South 

West 

51,828 

13,079 

2,594 

NA 

47,042 

1,455 

19,199 

47,293 

20,403 

36,029 

6,495 

3,207 

11,245 

10,542 

NA 

60,089 

4,252 

3,355 

66,339 

1,357 

19,224 

30,107 

8,486 

9,880 

11,443 

15,532 

24,749 

15,972 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

NA 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

NA 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

23.7 

23.8 

24.4 

NA 

22.5 

23.0 

26.7 

24.1 

22.8 

22.5 

21.1 

25.5 

23.9 

28.8 

NA 

23.0 

29.3 

29.8 

23.7 

25.6 

25.0 

23.7 

22.8 

22.0 

28.3 

22.2 

23.7 

22.0 

72.9 

69.1 

60.2 

NA 

73.9 

64.6 

66.3 

74.2 

65.6 

76.5 

62.5 

61.8 

70.1 

64.6 

NA 

71.9 

73.3 

63.1 

71.9 

55.4 

71.9 

73.8 

64.7 

69.9 

70.5 

71.5 

70.6 

73.9 

0.3 

0.5 

0.6 

NA 

0.3 

0.5 

0.3 

0.1 

0.8 

0.1 

1.1 

0.9 

0.3 

0.4 

NA 

0.3 

0.3 

0.2 

0.3 

0.4 

0.5 

0.2 

0.3 

0.2 

0.3 

0.2 

0.4 

0.3 

8.9 

9.4 

11.6 

NA 

8.8 

5.2 

10.0 

11.0 

4.5 

10.5 

5.0 

6.5 

8.8 

7.6 

NA 

9.4 

8.0 

4.1 

9.2 

1.9 

9.8 

9.6 

7.4 

7.3 

9.0 

8.0 

8.7 

10.7 

9.4 

13.5 

18.4 

NA 

10.4 

17.4 

10.2 

8.7 

14.7 

8.4 

17.3 

16.7 

10.5 

11.7 

NA 

10.8 

5.1 

12.2 

10.3 

21.7 

9.7 

8.7 

15.2 

13.7 

8.8 

11.5 

11.4 

9.3 

0.1 

0.1 

0.4 

NA 

0.2 

-

0.1 

0.1 

0.2 

0.1 

0.2 

0.1 

-

0.2 

NA 

0.1 

0.2 

0.2 

0.1 

0.5 

0.1 

0.2 

0.2 

0.1 

0.1 

0.1 

0.2 

0.2 

2.6 

2.3 

3.1 

NA 

2.4 

2.6 

3.1 

2.2 

3.3 

2.2 

3.8 

2.7 

2.5 

3.1 

NA 

2.6 

1.9 

2.5 

2.6 

1.3 

2.3 

2.5 

3.4 

2.7 

2.5 

2.7 

2.7 

2.4 

1.5 

1.3 

1.1 

NA 

1.3 

0.8 

2.2 

1.5 

1.6 

1.4 

1.3 

2.7 

1.6 

1.8 

NA 

1.5 

1.7 

1.8 

1.5 

1.7 

1.8 

1.4 

1.9 

1.1 

1.9 

1.4 

1.3 

1.8 

Row percentages may not sum to 100 because households were asked to select all savings methods used. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. 

- indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 
F.1 Use of Mainstream Credit Products by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 2017 

For all households, row percent 

Characteristics 

Number of 

Households 

(1000s) 

Percent of 

Households 

Credit 

card 

(Percent) 

Store 

credit 

card 

(Percent) 

Mortgage, 

home 

equity 

loan, or 

HELOC 

(Percent) 

Auto loan 

(Percent) 

Student 

loan 

(Percent) 

Bank 

personal 

loan 

(Percent) 

Other 

mainstream 

nonbank 

(Percent) 

No 

mainstream 

credit 

(Percent) 

All 

Unbanked and 

underbanked 

Unbanked 

Banked: 

Underbanked 

Banked: Fully 

banked 

Banked: 

Underbanked 

status unknown 

Family income 

Less than $15,000 

$15,000 to 

$30,000 

$30,000 to 

$50,000 

$50,000 to 

$75,000 

At least $75,000 

Education 

No high school 

diploma 

High school 

diploma 

Some college 

College degree 

Age group 

15 to 24 years 

25 to 34 years 

35 to 44 years 

45 to 54 years 

55 to 64 years 

65 years or more 

Race/Ethnicity 

Black 

Hispanic 

Asian 

White 

Other 

115,124 

7,096 

23,084 

84,614 

NA 

13,934 

17,320 

22,790 

21,411 

39,668 

10,818 

29,379 

33,388 

41,540 

5,959 

18,789 

19,081 

20,874 

21,887 

28,534 

15,871 

14,423 

5,647 

77,315 

1,867 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

NA 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

68.7 

7.2 

60.0 

76.3 

NA 

31.3 

48.6 

64.1 

77.0 

88.8 

33.3 

57.7 

68.4 

86.0 

56.1 

67.9 

69.1 

69.3 

69.6 

70.6 

47.9 

53.9 

80.8 

75.3 

52.2 

41.6 

4.0 

37.9 

45.7 

NA 

16.7 

25.8 

37.2 

47.4 

56.7 

19.3 

36.0 

42.9 

50.3 

26.2 

35.4 

41.3 

45.7 

45.7 

43.0 

28.2 

35.3 

42.5 

45.7 

31.2 

33.8 

3.4 

26.3 

38.5 

NA 

6.7 

13.9 

23.7 

37.0 

56.2 

12.8 

25.8 

33.5 

45.3 

12.8 

29.7 

43.0 

45.1 

39.4 

22.3 

19.3 

24.6 

36.1 

38.5 

28.1 

32.3 

5.7 

35.5 

33.7 

NA 

9.4 

16.0 

28.0 

37.7 

47.0 

14.2 

27.2 

34.8 

38.6 

31.4 

40.4 

42.0 

39.6 

29.8 

17.2 

23.7 

29.0 

32.5 

34.7 

32.7 

16.6 

4.5 

20.6 

16.5 

NA 

8.4 

9.3 

14.0 

17.7 

23.6 

2.9 

8.4 

18.1 

24.7 

31.4 

32.8 

24.5 

16.4 

10.0 

2.8 

17.8 

14.3 

14.0 

17.0 

15.6 

6.9 

1.2 

8.4 

7.0 

NA 

2.1 

3.4 

5.6 

7.6 

10.5 

2.6 

5.9 

7.6 

8.2 

4.5 

7.4 

8.6 

8.2 

7.6 

4.5 

5.7 

5.2 

5.6 

7.6 

8.5 

2.1 

1.0 

4.3 

1.6 

NA 

1.4 

1.8 

2.3 

2.5 

2.1 

1.7 

1.9 

2.5 

1.9 

2.2 

2.1 

2.5 

2.4 

2.2 

1.4 

2.8 

1.4 

0.9 

2.1 

2.9 

19.7 

80.2 

21.9 

14.1 

NA 

56.2 

35.8 

20.1 

11.2 

4.3 

53.0 

28.1 

17.2 

7.2 

24.6 

18.5 

18.0 

17.9 

19.2 

22.4 

36.0 

31.5 

13.8 

14.4 

28.3 

110
111 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

F.1 Use of Mainstream Credit Products by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 2017 

For all households, row percent 

Characteristics 

Number of 

Households 

(1000s) 

Percent of 

Households 

Credit 

card 

(Percent) 

Store 

credit 

card 

(Percent) 

Mortgage, 

home 

equity 

loan, or 

HELOC 

(Percent) 

Auto loan 

(Percent) 

Student 

loan 

(Percent) 

Bank 

personal 

loan 

(Percent) 

Other 

mainstream 

nonbank 

(Percent) 

No 

mainstream 

credit 

(Percent) 

Disability status 

Disabled, age 25 

to 64 10,111 100.0 43.1 27.6 22.9 21.1 10.5 6.0 3.2 40.4 

Not disabled, age 

25 to 64 70,521 100.0 72.7 44.3 41.8 40.1 21.8 8.2 2.2 15.3 

Not applicable 

(not age 25 to 64) 34,492 100.0 68.1 40.1 20.6 19.7 7.8 4.5 1.5 22.8 

Monthly income 

volatility 

Income was about 

the same each 89,672 100.0 69.2 41.5 33.5 31.4 15.7 6.1 1.8 19.9 

month 

Income varied 

somewhat from 20,327 100.0 68.2 43.6 36.8 36.7 20.1 9.7 2.8 18.1 

month to month 

Income varied a 

lot from month to 4,873 100.0 62.8 35.7 28.1 31.0 19.2 9.8 4.2 23.5 

month 

Unknown NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 

Employment 

status 

Employed 71,317 100.0 73.4 44.7 41.2 40.5 22.5 8.5 2.4 14.1 

Unemployed 3,039 100.0 51.6 29.6 25.9 26.2 20.3 5.0 2.0 34.8 

Not in labor force 40,768 100.0 61.9 37.1 21.6 18.4 6.0 4.3 1.6 28.5 

Homeownership 

Homeowner 73,588 100.0 78.1 50.3 50.6 36.3 15.1 8.2 2.1 11.5 

Non-homeowner 41,536 100.0 52.2 26.3 4.1 25.3 19.2 4.7 2.1 34.4 

Household type 

Married couple 54,933 100.0 78.6 51.7 47.3 41.3 18.2 8.6 2.1 11.0 

Unmarried 

female-headed 13,432 100.0 51.7 35.2 23.6 29.3 21.7 5.7 2.6 29.8 

family 

Unmarried maleheaded family 5,829 100.0 57.0 28.1 26.2 31.1 17.6 6.7 2.0 27.0 

Female individual 21,338 100.0 63.7 39.1 20.2 20.2 12.3 4.6 2.0 26.0 

Male individual 19,297 100.0 61.6 24.7 20.4 22.5 12.8 5.8 1.7 28.4 

Other NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 

Nativity 

U.S.-born 98,955 100.0 69.8 42.5 34.9 33.3 17.5 7.3 2.2 18.5 

Foreign-born 

citizen 8,553 100.0 70.2 42.7 35.3 28.8 14.6 5.4 1.2 19.9 

Foreign-born noncitizen 7,616 100.0 53.3 28.9 18.6 23.5 7.1 3.2 1.5 35.9 

Spanish only 

language spoken 

Spanish is not 

only language 110,903 100.0 70.0 42.3 34.6 33.0 17.1 7.1 2.1 18.6 

spoken 

Spanish is only 

language spoken 4,220 100.0 36.4 24.5 13.5 15.0 3.7 2.5 1.1 50.3 
F.1 Use of Mainstream Credit Products by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 2017 

For all households, row percent 

Characteristics 

Number of 

Households 

(1000s) 

Percent of 

Households 

Credit 

card 

(Percent) 

Store 

credit 

card 

(Percent) 

Mortgage, 

home 

equity 

loan, or 

HELOC 

(Percent) 

Auto loan 

(Percent) 

Student 

loan 

(Percent) 

Bank 

personal 

loan 

(Percent) 

Other 

mainstream 

nonbank 

(Percent) 

No 

mainstream 

credit 

(Percent) 

Metropolitan 

status 

Metropolitan area 

- principal city 33,832 100.0 65.9 37.0 27.3 27.6 18.0 6.0 1.7 23.4 

Metropolitan area 

- balance 48,845 100.0 74.7 47.5 40.0 35.8 17.3 7.0 2.0 15.5 

Not in 

metropolitan area 15,951 100.0 59.3 34.9 28.9 29.4 12.1 8.0 2.6 25.1 

Not identified 16,495 100.0 66.0 40.2 33.9 34.3 16.1 7.7 2.6 19.7 

Geographic 

region 

Northeast 20,074 100.0 73.2 48.1 34.2 30.7 18.3 7.3 1.3 18.2 

Midwest 25,111 100.0 70.8 46.5 37.7 34.9 19.7 7.7 2.6 16.5 

South 44,002 100.0 62.7 37.1 30.9 31.7 14.3 6.3 2.3 23.8 

West 25,938 100.0 73.4 39.6 34.7 32.0 16.2 7.0 1.8 17.3 

Excludes households with missing information on whether the household used one or more mainstream credit products; used credit AFS; applied for, was denied, or felt 

discouraged about applying for a credit card or bank personal loan; or fell behind on bills. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. 

- indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 

112
113 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

F.2 Use of Mainstream Credit Products by State, 2017 

For all households, row percent 

Geography 

Number of 

Households 

(1000s) 

Percent of 

Households 

Credit 

card 

(Percent) 

Store 

credit 

card 

(Percent) 

Mortgage, 

home 

equity 

loan, or 

HELOC 

(Percent) 

Auto loan 

(Percent) 

Student 

loan 

(Percent) 

Bank 

personal 

loan 

(Percent) 

Other 

mainstream 

nonbank 

(Percent) 

No 

mainstream 

credit 

(Percent) 

All 115,124 100.0 68.7 41.6 33.8 32.3 16.6 6.9 2.1 19.7 

State 

AL 1,821 100.0 59.6 32.2 28.6 29.5 9.2 8.0 3.5 28.3 

AK 251 100.0 77.6 23.9 43.4 38.6 20.0 13.0 2.5 12.2 

AZ 2,291 100.0 70.8 39.4 35.9 34.1 18.6 5.4 1.6 14.9 

AR 1,114 100.0 54.1 35.3 28.5 33.3 14.9 5.8 1.3 28.0 

CA 12,838 100.0 72.7 41.8 31.4 29.7 14.8 5.6 1.7 19.6 

CO 1,945 100.0 77.1 41.7 39.1 30.3 17.1 5.3 0.7 14.1 

CT 1,240 100.0 76.4 50.2 43.7 32.4 23.4 8.5 1.6 14.3 

DE 339 100.0 75.5 45.1 43.1 33.0 16.7 4.4 2.8 14.8 

DC 293 100.0 72.6 30.7 25.2 17.3 23.9 4.6 1.6 20.1 

FL 7,473 100.0 68.1 38.6 27.4 30.1 11.8 4.5 1.2 22.3 

GA 3,710 100.0 58.9 29.7 29.0 29.2 14.7 5.4 2.1 28.2 

HI 453 100.0 76.5 40.5 29.0 20.5 10.4 8.5 1.4 16.6 

ID 611 100.0 68.9 37.2 38.8 38.9 19.7 11.8 2.3 13.2 

IL 4,465 100.0 73.6 49.4 39.7 33.2 19.6 5.5 2.4 16.2 

IN 2,501 100.0 68.3 48.0 41.6 35.7 19.2 8.3 3.1 17.0 

IA 1,161 100.0 73.8 44.8 36.4 33.8 19.9 9.8 2.6 13.8 

KS 1,090 100.0 63.5 39.9 31.9 28.9 21.4 6.1 0.4 21.5 

KY 1,736 100.0 55.5 35.7 29.2 28.8 16.0 7.9 3.3 26.1 

LA 1,812 100.0 48.9 25.3 22.0 20.6 10.4 5.9 3.4 37.2 

ME 505 100.0 67.8 34.6 37.5 36.2 23.3 7.1 1.7 18.4 

MD 2,026 100.0 73.4 46.7 37.1 37.1 18.7 9.7 2.4 13.0 

MA 2,330 100.0 81.5 51.6 38.8 35.6 19.0 4.6 1.2 13.5 

MI 3,740 100.0 71.0 43.9 37.6 34.9 17.6 6.4 2.7 16.6 

MN 2,215 100.0 79.5 52.4 43.3 43.1 21.8 11.9 2.6 8.1 

MS 1,112 100.0 42.0 28.8 19.3 25.2 10.2 4.7 2.9 37.7 

MO 2,240 100.0 68.5 45.8 33.1 32.8 16.7 8.2 3.9 17.7 

MT 414 100.0 74.0 33.7 31.3 29.7 14.6 9.8 1.7 15.2 

NE 716 100.0 72.4 45.1 35.0 39.3 23.9 16.4 3.2 13.4 

NV 1,007 100.0 74.2 31.6 36.5 34.7 14.2 6.7 1.8 19.6 

NH 485 100.0 76.4 46.2 43.8 43.1 21.5 4.7 1.7 14.0 

NJ 3,135 100.0 77.6 57.1 35.5 25.6 16.0 7.0 1.2 17.5 

NM 803 100.0 57.7 30.2 29.5 29.1 13.2 6.8 2.0 28.1 

NY 6,981 100.0 68.0 42.2 25.7 24.6 16.1 7.2 1.1 23.0 

NC 3,756 100.0 60.0 36.8 32.0 29.9 13.4 6.9 2.8 25.4 

ND 313 100.0 67.1 38.1 31.6 32.5 23.8 13.7 2.7 20.5 

OH 4,160 100.0 66.3 44.8 36.4 35.1 22.1 5.8 2.6 20.4 
F.2 Use of Mainstream Credit Products by State, 2017 

For all households, row percent 

Geography 

Number of 

Households 

(1000s) 

Percent of 

Households 

Credit 

card 

(Percent) 

Store 

credit 

card 

(Percent) 

Mortgage, 

home 

equity 

loan, or 

HELOC 

(Percent) 

Auto loan 

(Percent) 

Student 

loan 

(Percent) 

Bank 

personal 

loan 

(Percent) 

Other 

mainstream 

nonbank 

(Percent) 

No 

mainstream 

credit 

(Percent) 

OK 1,456 100.0 65.2 36.1 35.6 36.2 16.1 6.3 3.8 20.0 

OR 1,478 100.0 76.4 35.7 37.6 34.0 20.4 12.4 2.7 13.1 

PA 4,761 100.0 73.4 50.9 40.1 38.6 20.6 9.3 1.9 15.3 

RI 395 100.0 73.3 46.5 33.0 26.0 15.4 3.4 - 19.0 

SC 1,918 100.0 62.8 41.4 35.8 30.9 16.4 5.5 3.9 22.8 

SD 309 100.0 68.0 37.2 34.2 35.2 22.0 12.5 2.1 16.4 

TN 2,398 100.0 60.3 40.6 33.0 37.6 17.4 8.8 2.3 22.9 

TX 9,451 100.0 61.9 37.3 29.6 33.8 15.0 6.0 1.8 24.0 

UT 939 100.0 78.0 42.9 43.0 44.0 19.1 12.6 2.5 9.6 

VT 241 100.0 72.8 35.2 32.9 35.1 19.5 8.0 1.0 14.5 

VA 2,908 100.0 78.1 44.5 46.6 37.9 16.4 7.7 2.4 11.2 

WA 2,681 100.0 78.3 37.8 42.8 36.7 19.2 8.3 2.1 12.6 

WV 678 100.0 56.8 36.9 28.7 31.2 12.8 5.1 2.0 26.2 

WI 2,201 100.0 72.1 48.8 36.7 33.4 17.2 7.5 2.1 15.2 

WY 228 100.0 64.1 31.5 32.5 34.9 11.2 10.5 2.7 22.6 

Excludes households with missing information on whether the household used one or more mainstream credit products; used credit AFS; applied for, was denied, or felt 

discouraged about applying for a credit card or bank personal loan; or fell behind on bills. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. 

- indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 

114
115 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

F.3 Use of Mainstream Credit Products by MSA, 2017 

For all households, row percent 

Geography 

Number of 

Households 

(1000s) 

Percent of 

Households 

Credit 

card 

(Percent) 

Store 

credit 

card 

(Percent) 

Mortgage, 

home 

equity 

loan, or 

HELOC 

(Percent) 

Auto loan 

(Percent) 

Student 

loan 

(Percent) 

Bank 

personal 

loan 

(Percent) 

Other 

mainstream 

nonbank 

(Percent) 

No 

mainstream 

credit 

(Percent) 

All 

MSA 

Albuquerque, NM 

Atlanta-Sandy 

Springs-Roswell, 

GA~ 

Austin-Round 

Rock, TX 

BaltimoreColumbia-Towson, 

MD 

Baton Rouge, LA 

Billings, MT~ 

BirminghamHoover, AL 

Boise City, ID 

BostonCambridgeNewton, MA-NH~ 

Burlington-South 

Burlington, VT~ 

CharlotteConcordGastonia, 

NC-SC~ 

ChicagoNaperville-Elgin, 

IL-IN-WI 

Cincinnati, OHKY-IN~ 

Cleveland-Elyria, 

OH 

Columbus, OH~ 

Dallas-Fort WorthArlington, TX~ 

Denver-AuroraLakewood, CO 

Detroit-WarrenDearborn, MI 

Fargo, ND-MN 

GreenvilleAndersonMauldin, SC~ 

Hartford-West 

Hartford-East 

Hartford, CT~ 

Houston-The 

Woodlands-Sugar 

Land, TX~ 

HuntingtonAshland, WV-KYOH~ 

115,124 

382 

2,100 

695 

936 

325 

63 

410 

227 

1,613 

NA 

982 

3,134 

728 

833 

679 

2,447 

1,071 

1,684 

75 

439 

471 

2,372 

NA 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

NA 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

NA 

68.7 

64.9 

61.3 

74.7 

72.5 

49.8 

79.5 

53.0 

73.6 

80.3 

NA 

67.0 

76.0 

63.6 

69.4 

69.4 

66.9 

78.8 

72.2 

74.5 

74.3 

69.8 

65.1 

NA 

41.6 

36.0 

32.7 

39.8 

47.3 

28.5 

38.4 

26.6 

42.4 

51.0 

NA 

41.7 

50.6 

38.7 

48.5 

40.9 

41.3 

41.3 

50.5 

50.2 

54.1 

50.1 

42.0 

NA 

33.8 

36.5 

30.0 

34.0 

33.7 

33.0 

26.7 

25.4 

46.5 

40.9 

NA 

41.5 

38.6 

42.7 

36.8 

39.0 

32.3 

35.4 

39.1 

39.0 

40.3 

47.3 

33.9 

NA 

32.3 

37.5 

30.6 

34.8 

40.0 

26.0 

27.4 

24.0 

42.7 

37.8 

NA 

36.8 

30.5 

38.7 

37.1 

37.5 

33.3 

25.7 

34.5 

40.8 

26.8 

29.6 

35.3 

NA 

16.6 

18.4 

16.4 

20.8 

19.8 

6.7 

12.4 

12.0 

22.7 

22.2 

NA 

16.8 

19.4 

23.4 

21.3 

23.0 

17.0 

18.3 

17.2 

27.2 

13.3 

20.8 

15.7 

NA 

6.9 

7.5 

5.1 

6.2 

10.5 

6.1 

3.1 

7.9 

10.7 

5.2 

NA 

8.1 

2.5 

6.2 

9.4 

5.9 

6.0 

4.3 

4.9 

12.8 

4.3 

11.8 

6.2 

NA 

2.1 

2.0 

1.3 

0.7 

2.5 

3.8 

-

3.0 

0.5 

1.4 

NA 

4.4 

1.2 

2.7 

2.1 

3.6 

1.5 

-

2.5 

4.3 

7.6 

3.2 

2.5 

NA 

19.7 

23.1 

25.7 

15.1 

16.0 

33.5 

10.6 

36.2 

8.9 

14.2 

NA 

17.5 

16.4 

21.8 

20.5 

19.2 

21.2 

14.4 

16.1 

14.1 

14.9 

16.7 

24.2 

NA 
F.3 Use of Mainstream Credit Products by MSA, 2017 

For all households, row percent 

Geography 

Number of 

Households 

(1000s) 

Percent of 

Households 

Credit 

card 

(Percent) 

Store 

credit 

card 

(Percent) 

Mortgage, 

home 

equity 

loan, or 

HELOC 

(Percent) 

Auto loan 

(Percent) 

Student 

loan 

(Percent) 

Bank 

personal 

loan 

(Percent) 

Other 

mainstream 

nonbank 

(Percent) 

No 

mainstream 

credit 

(Percent) 

IndianapolisCarmel-Anderson, 

IN~ 

861 100.0 77.3 50.1 47.2 43.5 25.8 6.0 1.2 11.4 

Jackson, MS~ 258 100.0 41.5 20.5 18.0 19.1 12.3 3.0 1.0 40.1 

Kansas City, MOKS~ 730 100.0 72.9 48.5 37.0 40.3 21.4 8.0 5.6 11.7 

Knoxville, TN~ 

Las Vegas374 100.0 53.8 32.2 31.3 41.5 17.2 7.7 4.5 24.7 

HendersonParadise, NV 

Little Rock-North 

763 100.0 75.0 28.9 36.7 33.4 15.1 4.9 2.0 19.1 

Little RockConway, AR 

Los Angeles-Long 

317 100.0 58.0 40.6 39.2 37.8 22.4 6.0 1.0 22.0 

Beach-Anaheim, 

CA 

Louisville/ 

4,065 100.0 72.1 41.9 28.3 27.0 16.7 4.4 1.1 21.2 

Jefferson County, 

KY-IN~ 

603 100.0 69.6 49.4 38.2 33.0 19.9 7.6 3.5 15.5 

ManchesterNashua, NH~ 149 100.0 70.0 36.5 44.7 37.8 14.2 3.4 2.0 21.8 

Memphis, TN-MSAR~ 

Miami-Fort 

535 100.0 46.9 32.1 29.6 32.9 17.9 6.9 1.1 33.8 

Lauderdale-West 

Palm Beach, FL 

Milwaukee2,010 100.0 58.5 32.3 19.6 24.7 12.8 2.8 1.2 30.9 

Waukesha-West 

Allis, WI 

Minneapolis-St. 

534 100.0 73.8 59.0 40.6 34.2 14.9 3.8 0.9 15.9 

Paul-Bloomington, 

MN-WI~ 

Nashville1,426 100.0 85.5 51.9 42.2 44.6 23.4 11.1 1.4 6.0 

DavidsonMurfreesboroFranklin, TN~ 

562 100.0 68.0 38.9 38.3 39.1 21.7 11.8 1.2 16.1 

New OrleansMetairie, LA~ 

New York484 100.0 53.4 24.1 22.6 18.5 17.1 5.1 2.8 36.5 

Newark-Jersey 

City, NY-NJ-PA~ 

6,929 100.0 71.4 47.2 24.8 17.9 13.7 7.0 1.2 22.9 

Oklahoma City, 

OK 479 100.0 75.9 43.1 44.9 37.1 17.5 6.2 3.3 15.1 

Omaha-Council 

Bluffs, NE-IA 

Orlando394 100.0 79.4 48.8 37.0 45.2 25.9 12.8 4.2 8.9 

KissimmeeSanford, FL 

Philadelphia1,022 100.0 70.8 35.0 25.6 29.0 13.4 1.8 1.3 21.5 

CamdenWilmington, 

PA-NJ-DE-MD 

2,235 100.0 77.6 51.0 44.8 38.4 19.4 8.1 2.0 12.9 

Phoenix-MesaScottsdale, AZ 1,498 100.0 70.7 37.6 36.7 33.2 21.7 6.3 1.5 15.9 

Pittsburgh, PA 935 100.0 74.8 63.8 43.2 41.6 26.4 13.7 2.5 11.3 

116
117 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

F.3 Use of Mainstream Credit Products by MSA, 2017 

For all households, row percent 

Geography 

Number of 

Households 

(1000s) 

Percent of 

Households 

Credit 

card 

(Percent) 

Store 

credit 

card 

(Percent) 

Mortgage, 

home 

equity 

loan, or 

HELOC 

(Percent) 

Auto loan 

(Percent) 

Student 

loan 

(Percent) 

Bank 

personal 

loan 

(Percent) 

Other 

mainstream 

nonbank 

(Percent) 

No 

mainstream 

credit 

(Percent) 

Portland-South 

Portland, ME~ 

PortlandVancouverHillsboro, OR-WA 

ProvidenceWarwick, RI-MA~ 

Riverside-San 

BernardinoOntario, CA 

SacramentoRoseville-ArdenArcade, CA 

St. Louis, MO-IL~ 

Salisbury, MDDE~ 

Salt Lake City, 

UT~ 

San Antonio-New 

Braunfels, TX 

San DiegoCarlsbad, CA 

San FranciscoOakland-Hayward, 

CA 

San JoseSunnyvale-Santa 

Clara, CA 

Seattle-TacomaBellevue, WA 

Sioux Falls, SD 

Tampa-St. 

PetersburgClearwater, FL 

Tulsa, OK 

Urban Honolulu, 

HI 

Virginia BeachNorfolk-Newport 

News, VA-NC~ 

WashingtonArlingtonAlexandria, DCVA-MD-WV~ 

Wichita, KS~ 

Worcester, MACT~ 

175 

828 

523 

1,327 

943 

1,131 

NA 

440 

902 

1,371 

1,540 

566 

1,454 

103 

1,225 

417 

328 

616 

2,094 

326 

364 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

NA 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

73.8 

82.3 

74.9 

63.4 

71.2 

76.3 

NA 

76.6 

53.0 

76.4 

85.8 

90.1 

81.0 

72.9 

75.5 

66.3 

74.5 

77.4 

82.9 

61.0 

84.6 

38.3 

36.4 

48.7 

42.6 

39.8 

55.7 

NA 

37.5 

35.4 

40.4 

45.2 

47.8 

37.3 

39.0 

37.7 

38.7 

40.3 

40.2 

45.6 

39.0 

51.7 

47.0 

42.2 

32.4 

32.2 

28.6 

41.8 

NA 

43.9 

32.2 

37.6 

38.0 

39.5 

41.4 

41.5 

36.3 

34.3 

27.5 

46.1 

48.1 

33.2 

38.3 

42.6 

33.4 

25.8 

31.5 

26.0 

31.3 

NA 

45.9 

38.0 

41.1 

30.4 

37.9 

38.0 

35.1 

39.4 

40.5 

17.3 

37.6 

35.3 

33.0 

46.1 

24.9 

20.1 

16.1 

14.2 

9.6 

23.3 

NA 

21.0 

19.6 

13.7 

17.6 

9.6 

20.0 

27.1 

15.5 

19.2 

10.3 

13.6 

20.2 

20.3 

26.1 

6.8 

10.9 

3.9 

5.6 

4.1 

9.3 

NA 

12.6 

5.9 

7.6 

7.0 

12.2 

6.3 

15.0 

5.9 

3.8 

8.3 

7.7 

8.7 

6.1 

1.2 

1.8 

3.2 

-

0.4 

2.0 

1.2 

NA 

2.1 

1.1 

2.1 

4.6 

1.8 

2.4 

0.7 

1.6 

4.5 

1.0 

2.5 

2.3 

-

1.2 

14.9 

9.7 

18.7 

25.7 

23.4 

14.1 

NA 

11.8 

24.3 

11.0 

8.8 

5.1 

12.0 

11.3 

12.8 

15.4 

17.6 

10.6 

7.8 

29.6 

7.7 

Excludes households with missing information on whether the household used one or more mainstream credit products; used credit AFS; applied for, was denied, or felt 

discouraged about applying for a credit card or bank personal loan; or fell behind on bills. ~ indicates areas with geographic boundary changes between the 2013 and 

2015 surveys. See Appendix 1 (FDIC Technical Notes) for details. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate 

of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 
F.4 Ownership of Credit Cards From Visa, MasterCard, American Express, or Discover by Banking Status 

and Household Characteristics, 2015-2017 

For all households 

Characteristics 2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, Difference 

All 

Unbanked and 

underbanked 

Unbanked 

Banked: Underbanked 

Banked: Fully banked 

Banked: Underbanked 

status unknown 

Family income 

Less than $15,000 

$15,000 to $30,000 

$30,000 to $50,000 

$50,000 to $75,000 

At least $75,000 

Education 

No high school diploma 

High school diploma 

Some college 

College degree 

Age group 

15 to 24 years 

25 to 34 years 

35 to 44 years 

45 to 54 years 

55 to 64 years 

65 years or more 

Race/Ethnicity 

Black 

Hispanic 

Asian 

White 

Other 

Disability status 

Disabled, age 25 to 64 

Not disabled, age 25 

to 64 

Not applicable (not age 

25 to 64) 

Monthly income 

volatility 

Income was about the 

same each month 

66.5 

6.5 

57.8 

74.6 

NA 

30.8 

48.8 

63.6 

75.9 

87.9 

33.1 

55.4 

67.1 

85.0 

51.2 

62.9 

65.9 

67.5 

69.3 

69.7 

43.3 

48.4 

78.9 

73.9 

51.7 

40.1 

70.4 

66.4 

67.5 

68.7 

7.2 

60.0 

76.3 

NA 

31.3 

48.6 

64.1 

77.0 

88.8 

33.3 

57.7 

68.4 

86.0 

56.1 

67.9 

69.1 

69.3 

69.6 

70.6 

47.9 

53.9 

80.8 

75.3 

52.2 

43.1 

72.7 

68.1 

69.2 

(68.1, 69.3) 

(6.0, 8.6) 

(58.7, 61.3) 

(75.6, 76.9) 

NA 

(29.8, 32.8) 

(47.0, 50.2) 

(63.0, 65.3) 

(75.9, 78.1) 

(88.1, 89.5) 

(31.6, 35.0) 

(56.6, 58.8) 

(67.5, 69.3) 

(85.3, 86.7) 

(53.5, 58.7) 

(66.6, 69.2) 

(67.8, 70.4) 

(68.0, 70.5) 

(68.5, 70.7) 

(69.6, 71.6) 

(46.1, 49.7) 

(52.3, 55.6) 

(78.5, 82.9) 

(74.6, 75.9) 

(47.6, 56.7) 

(41.4, 44.8) 

(72.0, 73.4) 

(67.1, 69.0) 

(68.5, 69.9) 

2.2* 

0.7 

2.2* 

1.6* 

NA 

0.4 

-0.2 

0.6 

1.1 

0.9 

0.1 

2.4* 

1.4 

1.0* 

4.9* 

5.0* 

3.2* 

1.8 

0.3 

0.9 

4.6* 

5.5* 

2.0 

1.4* 

0.5 

3.0* 

2.3* 

1.7* 

1.7* 

(1.4, 3.1) 

(-1.1, 2.4) 

(0.6, 3.9) 

(0.6, 2.6) 

NA 

(-1.7, 2.6) 

(-2.2, 1.9) 

(-1.1, 2.2) 

(-0.5, 2.7) 

(-0.2, 1.9) 

(-2.2, 2.5) 

(0.8, 3.9) 

(0.0, 2.7) 

(0.0, 2.0) 

(1.2, 8.5) 

(3.1, 7.0) 

(1.4, 5.1) 

(0.0, 3.6) 

(-1.3, 1.9) 

(-0.6, 2.3) 

(2.2, 7.0) 

(3.1, 7.9) 

(-1.1, 5.0) 

(0.5, 2.3) 

(-5.3, 6.3) 

(0.7, 5.3) 

(1.3, 3.4) 

(0.3, 3.1) 

(0.8, 2.6) 

118
119 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

F.4 Ownership of Credit Cards From Visa, MasterCard, American Express, or Discover by Banking Status 

and Household Characteristics, 2015-2017 

For all households 

Characteristics 2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, Difference 

Income varied 

somewhat from month 

to month 

Income varied a lot 

from month to month 

Unknown 

Employment status 

Employed 

Unemployed 

Not in labor force 

Homeownership 

Homeowner 

Non-homeowner 

Household type 

Married couple 

Unmarried femaleheaded family 

Unmarried maleheaded family 

Female individual 

Male individual 

Other 

Nativity 

U.S.-born 

Foreign-born citizen 

Foreign-born noncitizen 

Spanish only language 

spoken 

Spanish is not only 

language spoken 

Spanish is only 

language spoken 

Metropolitan status 

Metropolitan area - 

principal city 

Metropolitan area - 

balance 

Not in metropolitan area 

Not identified 

Geographic region 

Northeast 

Midwest 

South 

West 

64.5 

58.8 

NA 

71.3 

44.9 

60.1 

76.7 

48.5 

76.4 

48.4 

53.9 

62.3 

60.6 

NA 

67.7 

69.1 

48.2 

67.3 

28.5 

63.0 

72.2 

56.3 

66.4 

71.5 

70.2 

59.1 

71.5 

68.2 

62.8 

NA 

73.4 

51.6 

61.9 

78.1 

52.2 

78.6 

51.7 

57.0 

63.7 

61.6 

NA 

69.8 

70.2 

53.3 

70.0 

36.4 

65.9 

74.7 

59.3 

66.0 

73.2 

70.8 

62.7 

73.4 

(67.0, 69.4) 

(60.2, 65.3) 

NA 

(72.6, 74.1) 

(48.4, 54.9) 

(61.0, 62.8) 

(77.4, 78.7) 

(51.1, 53.2) 

(77.9, 79.3) 

(50.0, 53.3) 

(54.3, 59.6) 

(62.5, 64.9) 

(60.2, 62.9) 

NA 

(69.2, 70.4) 

(68.1, 72.2) 

(51.1, 55.6) 

(69.3, 70.6) 

(33.3, 39.7) 

(64.8, 67.1) 

(73.8, 75.5) 

(57.8, 60.8) 

(64.1, 67.9) 

(71.8, 74.6) 

(69.6, 72.0) 

(61.8, 63.7) 

(72.3, 74.5) 

3.7* 

4.0* 

NA 

2.1* 

6.8* 

1.8* 

1.4* 

3.6* 

2.3* 

3.3* 

3.1 

1.4 

0.9 

NA 

2.1* 

1.1 

5.1* 

2.6* 

8.0* 

2.9* 

2.4* 

3.0* 

-0.3 

1.8 

0.6 

3.6* 

1.9* 

(1.8, 5.5) 

(0.6, 7.5) 

NA 

(1.1, 3.2) 

(2.2, 11.4) 

(0.6, 3.1) 

(0.4, 2.3) 

(2.3, 5.0) 

(1.2, 3.3) 

(1.1, 5.5) 

(-0.5, 6.6) 

(-0.3, 3.1) 

(-1.2, 3.1) 

NA 

(1.1, 3.0) 

(-1.8, 4.0) 

(1.8, 8.4) 

(1.8, 3.5) 

(2.7, 13.2) 

(1.3, 4.5) 

(1.2, 3.6) 

(1.0, 5.0) 

(-2.7, 2.0) 

(-0.1, 3.7) 

(-1.1, 2.3) 

(2.2, 5.0) 

(0.2, 3.6) 

Excludes households with missing information on whether the household used one or more mainstream credit products; used credit AFS; applied for, was denied, 

or felt discouraged about applying for a credit card or bank personal loan; or fell behind on bills. * indicates differences that are statistically significant at the 10% 

level. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly 

greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 
F.5 Applied for Credit Card or Bank Personal Loan by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 

2015-2017 

For all households 

Characteristics 2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

All 

Unbanked and underbanked 

Unbanked 

Banked: Underbanked 

Banked: Fully banked 

Banked: Underbanked status unknown 

Family income 

Less than $15,000 

$15,000 to $30,000 

$30,000 to $50,000 

$50,000 to $75,000 

At least $75,000 

Education 

No high school diploma 

High school diploma 

Some college 

College degree 

Age group 

15 to 24 years 

25 to 34 years 

35 to 44 years 

45 to 54 years 

55 to 64 years 

65 years or more 

Race/Ethnicity 

Black 

Hispanic 

Asian 

White 

Other 

Disability status 

Disabled, age 25 to 64 

Not disabled, age 25 to 64 

Not applicable (not age 25 to 64) 

Monthly income volatility 

Income was about the same each month 

Income varied somewhat from month to month 

Income varied a lot from month to month 

Unknown 

Employment status 

Employed 

Unemployed 

Not in labor force 

13.9 

2.5 

17.8 

13.8 

NA 

6.0 

9.3 

12.1 

15.9 

19.8 

5.5 

10.3 

15.5 

17.9 

16.6 

17.8 

16.9 

15.8 

12.7 

7.9 

10.0 

11.5 

17.3 

14.9 

12.6 

11.3 

16.4 

9.4 

13.0 

16.3 

19.2 

NA 

17.1 

11.9 

8.6 

14.1 

3.0 

18.0 

14.0 

NA 

6.5 

8.4 

11.6 

15.2 

20.2 

5.4 

10.2 

14.5 

18.9 

19.0 

19.9 

16.9 

16.1 

12.4 

7.4 

10.2 

12.3 

20.7 

14.8 

12.6 

11.3 

16.9 

9.4 

13.1 

18.0 

17.9 

NA 

17.6 

15.6 

8.0 

(13.8, 14.5) 

(2.2, 3.9) 

(17.1, 19.0) 

(13.6, 14.5) 

NA 

(5.8, 7.4) 

(7.7, 9.1) 

(10.8, 12.4) 

(14.3, 16.2) 

(19.5, 20.9) 

(4.6, 6.3) 

(9.5, 10.9) 

(13.8, 15.3) 

(18.2, 19.6) 

(17.0, 21.2) 

(18.9, 21.1) 

(15.9, 18.0) 

(15.1, 17.1) 

(11.6, 13.2) 

(6.9, 8.0) 

(9.3, 11.3) 

(11.2, 13.6) 

(18.8, 22.7) 

(14.4, 15.3) 

(10.0, 15.9) 

(10.2, 12.5) 

(16.4, 17.4) 

(8.8, 10.0) 

(12.7, 13.5) 

(17.1, 18.9) 

(15.8, 20.2) 

NA 

(17.1, 18.1) 

(13.0, 18.6) 

(7.5, 8.5) 

0.2 

0.5 

0.2 

0.2 

NA 

0.5 

-0.9 

-0.5 

-0.7 

0.4 

0.0 

-0.1 

-1.0* 

1.0 

2.4 

2.1* 

0.0 

0.2 

-0.3 

-0.5 

0.2 

0.8 

3.4* 

-0.1 

0.0 

0.0 

0.5 

0.0 

0.0 

1.7* 

-1.4 

NA 

0.5 

3.7* 

-0.6 

(-0.3, 0.8) 

(-0.5, 1.6) 

(-1.1, 1.5) 

(-0.4, 0.8) 

NA 

(-0.6, 1.6) 

(-1.9, 0.1) 

(-1.6, 0.5) 

(-2.1, 0.7) 

(-0.6, 1.5) 

(-1.2, 1.1) 

(-1.1, 0.8) 

(-1.9, 0.0) 

(-0.1, 2.0) 

(-0.4, 5.1) 

(0.6, 3.6) 

(-1.4, 1.4) 

(-1.0, 1.5) 

(-1.5, 0.9) 

(-1.3, 0.3) 

(-1.2, 1.7) 

(-0.8, 2.4) 

(0.5, 6.3) 

(-0.7, 0.6) 

(-4.3, 4.3) 

(-1.5, 1.6) 

(-0.2, 1.2) 

(-0.9, 0.8) 

(-0.5, 0.6) 

(0.3, 3.0) 

(-4.1, 1.4) 

NA 

(-0.2, 1.2) 

(0.2, 7.2) 

(-1.3, 0.1) 

120
121 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

F.5 Applied for Credit Card or Bank Personal Loan by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 

2015-2017 

For all households 

Characteristics 2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

Homeownership 

Homeowner 

Non-homeowner 

Household type 

Married couple 

Unmarried female-headed family 

Unmarried male-headed family 

Female individual 

Male individual 

Other 

Nativity 

U.S.-born 

Foreign-born citizen 

Foreign-born non-citizen 

Spanish only language spoken 

Spanish is not only language spoken 

Spanish is only language spoken 

Metropolitan status 

Metropolitan area - principal city 

Metropolitan area - balance 

Not in metropolitan area 

Not identified 

Geographic region 

Northeast 

Midwest 

South 

West 

14.5 

12.9 

15.9 

12.4 

12.4 

10.7 

13.2 

NA 

14.1 

13.4 

11.8 

14.0 

7.5 

14.4 

14.8 

10.8 

13.5 

14.6 

14.3 

12.4 

15.6 

14.7 

13.2 

15.8 

13.2 

14.8 

11.0 

13.4 

NA 

14.0 

15.1 

15.0 

14.4 

8.5 

14.9 

15.3 

9.8 

13.2 

14.9 

14.8 

12.2 

16.2 

(14.2, 15.2) 

(12.6, 13.9) 

(15.2, 16.4) 

(12.1, 14.4) 

(12.9, 16.8) 

(10.3, 11.8) 

(12.4, 14.4) 

NA 

(13.6, 14.4) 

(13.6, 16.8) 

(13.5, 16.6) 

(14.0, 14.7) 

(6.9, 10.5) 

(14.1, 15.8) 

(14.7, 16.0) 

(8.9, 10.7) 

(12.2, 14.3) 

(13.9, 15.9) 

(13.8, 15.8) 

(11.7, 12.9) 

(15.4, 17.1) 

0.2 

0.4 

-0.1 

0.8 

2.3 

0.3 

0.1 

NA 

-0.1 

1.7 

3.2* 

0.3 

1.1 

0.5 

0.6 

-1.0 

-0.2 

0.2 

0.5 

-0.1 

0.6 

(-0.5, 0.8) 

(-0.6, 1.3) 

(-0.9, 0.7) 

(-0.8, 2.5) 

(-0.2, 4.9) 

(-0.8, 1.4) 

(-1.2, 1.5) 

NA 

(-0.7, 0.4) 

(-0.3, 3.8) 

(0.9, 5.5) 

(-0.2, 0.8) 

(-1.8, 4.0) 

(-0.7, 1.8) 

(-0.2, 1.4) 

(-2.1, 0.1) 

(-1.7, 1.2) 

(-1.1, 1.5) 

(-0.9, 1.8) 

(-0.9, 0.7) 

(-0.6, 1.8) 

Excludes households with missing information on whether the household used one or more mainstream credit products; used credit AFS; applied for, was denied, 

or felt discouraged about applying for a credit card or bank personal loan; or fell behind on bills.* indicates differences that are statistically significant at the 10% 

level. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater 

than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 
F.6 Denied Credit Card or Bank Personal Loan by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 

2015-2017 

For all households 

Characteristics 2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

All 

Unbanked and underbanked 

Unbanked 

Banked: Underbanked 

Banked: Fully banked 

Banked: Underbanked status unknown 

Family income 

Less than $15,000 

$15,000 to $30,000 

$30,000 to $50,000 

$50,000 to $75,000 

At least $75,000 

Education 

No high school diploma 

High school diploma 

Some college 

College degree 

Age group 

15 to 24 years 

25 to 34 years 

35 to 44 years 

45 to 54 years 

55 to 64 years 

65 years or more 

Race/Ethnicity 

Black 

Hispanic 

Asian 

White 

Other 

Disability status 

Disabled, age 25 to 64 

Not disabled, age 25 to 64 

Not applicable (not age 25 to 64) 

Monthly income volatility 

Income was about the same each month 

Income varied somewhat from month to month 

Income varied a lot from month to month 

Unknown 

2.8 

1.5 

5.8 

2.0 

NA 

2.5 

3.3 

3.1 

3.2 

2.1 

1.9 

2.7 

3.7 

2.4 

5.4 

4.3 

3.7 

2.9 

2.2 

0.9 

2.8 

3.6 

2.9 

2.6 

3.0 

3.7 

3.2 

1.7 

2.2 

4.1 

6.6 

NA 

2.8 

1.7 

6.2 

1.9 

NA 

2.4 

3.1 

3.1 

2.9 

2.5 

1.5 

2.1 

3.8 

2.7 

5.5 

4.1 

3.5 

3.5 

2.1 

0.7 

3.9 

3.2 

2.7 

2.4 

4.4 

3.7 

3.2 

1.5 

2.3 

4.1 

5.5 

NA 

(2.6, 2.9) 

(1.2, 2.4) 

(5.5, 6.8) 

(1.8, 2.1) 

NA 

(1.9, 3.0) 

(2.6, 3.6) 

(2.6, 3.5) 

(2.5, 3.3) 

(2.2, 2.8) 

(1.2, 2.0) 

(1.8, 2.4) 

(3.4, 4.3) 

(2.4, 3.0) 

(4.4, 6.8) 

(3.6, 4.8) 

(3.0, 4.0) 

(3.1, 4.0) 

(1.8, 2.5) 

(0.5, 0.9) 

(3.2, 4.6) 

(2.7, 3.8) 

(1.9, 3.7) 

(2.2, 2.6) 

(2.9, 6.7) 

(3.1, 4.4) 

(3.0, 3.5) 

(1.3, 1.8) 

(2.1, 2.5) 

(3.6, 4.6) 

(4.4, 6.8) 

NA 

0.0 

0.2 

0.4 

-0.1 

NA 

-0.1 

-0.2 

-0.1 

-0.4 

0.4 

-0.4 

-0.6* 

0.2 

0.3 

0.1 

-0.2 

-0.2 

0.6* 

0.0 

-0.2 

1.0* 

-0.4 

-0.2 

-0.2 

1.5 

0.0 

0.1 

-0.2 

0.1 

0.0 

-1.2 

NA 

(-0.3, 0.2) 

(-0.6, 0.9) 

(-0.5, 1.2) 

(-0.3, 0.1) 

NA 

(-0.8, 0.5) 

(-0.9, 0.5) 

(-0.7, 0.5) 

(-1.0, 0.2) 

(0.0, 0.8) 

(-1.0, 0.2) 

(-1.1, -0.1) 

(-0.4, 0.7) 

(-0.1, 0.8) 

(-1.6, 1.8) 

(-1.0, 0.7) 

(-1.0, 0.5) 

(0.0, 1.2) 

(-0.5, 0.5) 

(-0.5, 0.1) 

(0.2, 1.8) 

(-1.3, 0.5) 

(-1.4, 1.0) 

(-0.5, 0.1) 

(-0.8, 3.7) 

(-0.8, 0.9) 

(-0.3, 0.4) 

(-0.5, 0.2) 

(-0.2, 0.4) 

(-0.8, 0.7) 

(-3.0, 0.7) 

NA 

122
123 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

F.6 Denied Credit Card or Bank Personal Loan by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 

2015-2017 

For all households 

Characteristics 2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

Employment status 

Employed 

Unemployed 

Not in labor force 

Homeownership 

Homeowner 

Non-homeowner 

Household type 

Married couple 

Unmarried female-headed family 

Unmarried male-headed family 

Female individual 

Male individual 

Other 

Nativity 

U.S.-born 

Foreign-born citizen 

Foreign-born non-citizen 

Spanish only language spoken 

Spanish is not only language spoken 

Spanish is only language spoken 

Metropolitan status 

Metropolitan area - principal city 

Metropolitan area - balance 

Not in metropolitan area 

Not identified 

Geographic region 

Northeast 

Midwest 

South 

West 

3.2 

5.6 

1.8 

2.0 

4.2 

2.5 

3.8 

3.5 

2.1 

3.3 

NA 

2.8 

2.5 

3.5 

2.8 

3.3 

3.2 

2.6 

2.4 

2.9 

2.7 

2.6 

2.7 

3.3 

3.3 

6.0 

1.5 

2.0 

4.1 

2.4 

4.2 

4.0 

2.3 

2.9 

NA 

2.6 

2.8 

4.2 

2.7 

3.1 

3.3 

2.7 

1.6 

2.9 

2.4 

2.8 

2.6 

3.3 

(3.1, 3.6) 

(4.5, 8.0) 

(1.3, 1.7) 

(1.8, 2.2) 

(3.7, 4.5) 

(2.2, 2.7) 

(3.6, 4.8) 

(3.0, 5.3) 

(1.9, 2.7) 

(2.5, 3.4) 

NA 

(2.5, 2.8) 

(2.2, 3.6) 

(3.3, 5.1) 

(2.6, 2.9) 

(2.1, 4.4) 

(3.0, 3.7) 

(2.4, 3.0) 

(1.3, 1.9) 

(2.4, 3.4) 

(2.0, 2.8) 

(2.5, 3.2) 

(2.3, 2.9) 

(2.9, 3.7) 

0.1 

0.4 

-0.3 

0.0 

-0.1 

-0.1 

0.4 

0.4 

0.1 

-0.4 

NA 

-0.1 

0.3 

0.7 

0.0 

-0.3 

0.2 

0.1 

-0.8* 

0.0 

-0.3 

0.3 

-0.1 

0.0 

(-0.2, 0.5) 

(-2.0, 2.7) 

(-0.6, 0.0) 

(-0.2, 0.3) 

(-0.6, 0.4) 

(-0.4, 0.3) 

(-0.5, 1.3) 

(-1.0, 1.8) 

(-0.4, 0.7) 

(-1.1, 0.3) 

NA 

(-0.4, 0.2) 

(-0.7, 1.3) 

(-0.5, 1.9) 

(-0.3, 0.2) 

(-2.1, 1.5) 

(-0.4, 0.7) 

(-0.3, 0.4) 

(-1.3, -0.3) 

(-0.8, 0.7) 

(-0.9, 0.3) 

(-0.3, 0.8) 

(-0.5, 0.3) 

(-0.5, 0.6) 

Excludes households with missing information on whether the household used one or more mainstream credit products; used credit AFS; applied for, was denied, 

or felt discouraged about applying for a credit card or bank personal loan; or fell behind on bills. * indicates differences that are statistically significant at the 10% 

level. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly 

greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 
F.7 Felt Discouraged About Applying for Credit Card or Bank Personal Loan by Banking Status and 

Household Characteristics, 2015-2017 

For all households 

Characteristics 2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

All 

Unbanked and underbanked 

Unbanked 

Banked: Underbanked 

Banked: Fully banked 

Banked: Underbanked status unknown 

Family income 

Less than $15,000 

$15,000 to $30,000 

$30,000 to $50,000 

$50,000 to $75,000 

At least $75,000 

Education 

No high school diploma 

High school diploma 

Some college 

College degree 

Age group 

15 to 24 years 

25 to 34 years 

35 to 44 years 

45 to 54 years 

55 to 64 years 

65 years or more 

Race/Ethnicity 

Black 

Hispanic 

Asian 

White 

Other 

Disability status 

Disabled, age 25 to 64 

Not disabled, age 25 to 64 

Not applicable (not age 25 to 64) 

Monthly income volatility 

Income was about the same each month 

Income varied somewhat from month to month 

Income varied a lot from month to month 

Unknown 

6.1 

10.7 

13.3 

3.5 

NA 

9.5 

8.7 

6.4 

5.6 

3.3 

7.0 

7.3 

7.1 

4.0 

10.2 

9.3 

7.3 

6.9 

4.9 

2.4 

10.7 

8.7 

4.4 

4.7 

9.6 

11.3 

6.4 

3.8 

4.8 

9.1 

15.4 

NA 

5.6 

8.5 

13.2 

3.3 

NA 

8.5 

7.3 

7.0 

5.4 

3.1 

6.2 

5.7 

7.3 

4.0 

9.8 

9.2 

7.3 

6.2 

4.1 

1.9 

10.1 

7.0 

3.9 

4.5 

7.5 

9.0 

6.3 

3.3 

4.6 

8.5 

11.4 

NA 

(5.4, 5.9) 

(7.3, 9.8) 

(12.4, 14.2) 

(3.1, 3.5) 

NA 

(7.6, 9.6) 

(6.6, 8.0) 

(6.4, 7.7) 

(4.8, 5.9) 

(2.8, 3.5) 

(5.4, 7.1) 

(5.3, 6.2) 

(6.7, 7.8) 

(3.7, 4.4) 

(8.4, 11.5) 

(8.4, 10.1) 

(6.6, 8.1) 

(5.7, 6.8) 

(3.6, 4.7) 

(1.6, 2.2) 

(9.2, 11.2) 

(6.2, 8.0) 

(3.1, 5.0) 

(4.2, 4.8) 

(5.4, 10.2) 

(7.9, 10.1) 

(5.9, 6.6) 

(2.9, 3.6) 

(4.4, 4.9) 

(7.8, 9.3) 

(9.9, 13.1) 

NA 

-0.5* 

-2.2* 

-0.1 

-0.3 

NA 

-1.0 

-1.4* 

0.6 

-0.3 

-0.1 

-0.8 

-1.5* 

0.1 

0.0 

-0.4 

-0.1 

0.0 

-0.7 

-0.8* 

-0.5* 

-0.5 

-1.6* 

-0.4 

-0.3 

-2.1 

-2.4* 

-0.2 

-0.5 

-0.2 

-0.6 

-4.0* 

NA 

(-0.9, -0.1) 

(-4.2, -0.3) 

(-1.4, 1.2) 

(-0.6, 0.0) 

NA 

(-2.3, 0.4) 

(-2.5, -0.3) 

(-0.3, 1.5) 

(-1.1, 0.5) 

(-0.6, 0.3) 

(-2.0, 0.5) 

(-2.3, -0.8) 

(-0.6, 0.9) 

(-0.5, 0.5) 

(-2.6, 1.9) 

(-1.4, 1.1) 

(-1.0, 1.1) 

(-1.6, 0.1) 

(-1.5, -0.1) 

(-0.9, 0.0) 

(-2.1, 1.0) 

(-3.0, -0.3) 

(-1.8, 0.9) 

(-0.6, 0.1) 

(-5.4, 1.2) 

(-3.9, -0.8) 

(-0.6, 0.3) 

(-1.0, 0.0) 

(-0.6, 0.2) 

(-1.7, 0.5) 

(-6.5, -1.4) 

NA 

124
125 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

F.7 Felt Discouraged About Applying for Credit Card or Bank Personal Loan by Banking Status and 

Household Characteristics, 2015-2017 

For all households 

Characteristics 2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

Employment status 

Employed 

Unemployed 

Not in labor force 

Homeownership 

Homeowner 

Non-homeowner 

Household type 

Married couple 

Unmarried female-headed family 

Unmarried male-headed family 

Female individual 

Male individual 

Other 

Nativity 

U.S.-born 

Foreign-born citizen 

Foreign-born non-citizen 

Spanish only language spoken 

Spanish is not only language spoken 

Spanish is only language spoken 

Metropolitan status 

Metropolitan area - principal city 

Metropolitan area - balance 

Not in metropolitan area 

Not identified 

Geographic region 

Northeast 

Midwest 

South 

West 

6.6 

13.2 

4.7 

3.7 

10.3 

4.4 

11.6 

9.6 

5.7 

6.2 

NA 

6.0 

5.5 

7.3 

6.1 

6.3 

7.6 

5.6 

4.9 

5.8 

5.9 

5.4 

6.0 

7.0 

6.4 

13.6 

3.6 

3.5 

9.2 

4.2 

9.8 

8.4 

5.6 

5.8 

NA 

5.6 

4.9 

6.1 

5.6 

6.1 

6.6 

5.1 

4.4 

6.2 

5.4 

5.2 

5.7 

6.0 

(6.0, 6.7) 

(11.2, 16.5) 

(3.3, 4.0) 

(3.3, 3.8) 

(8.7, 9.8) 

(3.9, 4.5) 

(8.9, 10.8) 

(7.1, 9.9) 

(5.0, 6.2) 

(5.2, 6.4) 

NA 

(5.4, 5.9) 

(4.1, 5.7) 

(5.0, 7.3) 

(5.3, 5.8) 

(4.8, 7.8) 

(6.1, 7.1) 

(4.7, 5.5) 

(3.9, 5.1) 

(5.5, 7.1) 

(4.7, 6.1) 

(4.7, 5.7) 

(5.2, 6.2) 

(5.5, 6.6) 

-0.2 

0.4 

-1.0* 

-0.1 

-1.1* 

-0.2 

-1.9* 

-1.2 

0.0 

-0.5 

NA 

-0.4* 

-0.6 

-1.2 

-0.5* 

-0.1 

-1.1* 

-0.5* 

-0.4 

0.4 

-0.6 

-0.2 

-0.3 

-1.0* 

(-0.7, 0.3) 

(-3.2, 4.0) 

(-1.6, -0.5) 

(-0.4, 0.2) 

(-1.9, -0.2) 

(-0.7, 0.2) 

(-3.3, -0.4) 

(-3.3, 0.9) 

(-0.9, 0.8) 

(-1.3, 0.4) 

NA 

(-0.8, 0.0) 

(-1.8, 0.5) 

(-2.7, 0.4) 

(-0.9, -0.1) 

(-2.6, 2.3) 

(-1.9, -0.2) 

(-1.0, 0.0) 

(-1.4, 0.5) 

(-0.5, 1.4) 

(-1.5, 0.4) 

(-0.9, 0.4) 

(-1.1, 0.4) 

(-1.8, -0.2) 

Excludes households with missing information on whether the household used one or more mainstream credit products; used credit AFS; applied for, was denied, 

or felt discouraged about applying for a credit card or bank personal loan; or fell behind on bills. * indicates differences that are statistically significant at the 10% 

level. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly 

greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 
 

F.8 Fell Behind on Bills by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 2015-2017 

For all households 

Characteristics 2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

All 

Unbanked and underbanked 

Unbanked 

Banked: Underbanked 

Banked: Fully banked 

Banked: Underbanked status unknown 

Family income 

Less than $15,000 

$15,000 to $30,000 

$30,000 to $50,000 

$50,000 to $75,000 

At least $75,000 

Education 

No high school diploma 

High school diploma 

Some college 

College degree 

Age group 

15 to 24 years 

25 to 34 years 

35 to 44 years 

45 to 54 years 

55 to 64 years 

65 years or more 

Race/Ethnicity 

Black 

Hispanic 

Asian 

White 

Other 

Disability status 

Disabled, age 25 to 64 

Not disabled, age 25 to 64 

Not applicable (not age 25 to 64) 

Monthly income volatility 

Income was about the same each month 

Income varied somewhat from month to month 

Income varied a lot from month to month 

Unknown 

Employment status 

Employed 

Unemployed 

Not in labor force 

16.9 

42.2 

32.5 

10.0 

NA 

32.0 

24.8 

18.3 

13.6 

7.1 

25.5 

21.2 

19.5 

8.6 

20.8 

22.0 

21.7 

19.7 

16.0 

7.6 

30.7 

23.0 

8.8 

13.4 

25.7 

34.2 

17.6 

9.9 

13.5 

24.8 

41.8 

NA 

16.8 

41.3 

15.0 

14.5 

39.9 

29.1 

8.3 

NA 

27.3 

22.9 

16.7 

12.1 

6.3 

22.3 

17.3 

18.1 

7.6 

20.5 

18.0 

19.0 

17.2 

13.6 

6.5 

27.2 

18.9 

7.2 

11.3 

24.1 

30.9 

14.8 

8.9 

11.9 

21.0 

35.5 

NA 

14.5 

35.3 

12.8 

(14.0, 14.9) 

(37.6, 42.3) 

(27.9, 30.3) 

(8.0, 8.7) 

NA 

(25.8, 28.8) 

(21.7, 24.3) 

(15.7, 17.7) 

(11.3, 12.9) 

(5.8, 6.8) 

(20.9, 23.7) 

(16.5, 18.1) 

(17.3, 18.9) 

(7.1, 8.1) 

(18.6, 22.5) 

(16.9, 19.2) 

(18.0, 20.1) 

(16.3, 18.2) 

(12.8, 14.5) 

(6.0, 7.0) 

(25.7, 28.8) 

(17.7, 20.2) 

(6.0, 8.6) 

(10.9, 11.8) 

(20.5, 28.1) 

(29.1, 32.7) 

(14.3, 15.4) 

(8.3, 9.5) 

(11.4, 12.3) 

(19.8, 22.2) 

(32.8, 38.2) 

NA 

(14.0, 15.1) 

(32.0, 38.8) 

(12.1, 13.5) 

-2.4* 

-2.3 

-3.4* 

-1.7* 

NA 

-4.7* 

-1.9* 

-1.6* 

-1.6* 

-0.8* 

-3.3* 

-4.0* 

-1.4* 

-1.0* 

-0.3 

-4.0* 

-2.7* 

-2.4* 

-2.4* 

-1.1* 

-3.5* 

-4.1* 

-1.6 

-2.1* 

-1.6 

-3.3* 

-2.8* 

-1.1* 

-1.7* 

-3.8* 

-6.4* 

NA 

-2.3* 

-6.0* 

-2.2* 

(-3.0, -1.8) 

(-5.5, 0.9) 

(-5.0, -1.7) 

(-2.1, -1.1) 

NA 

(-6.7, -2.7) 

(-3.6, -0.1) 

(-2.9, -0.3) 

(-2.8, -0.3) 

(-1.5, -0.1) 

(-5.2, -1.3) 

(-5.1, -2.8) 

(-2.5, -0.3) 

(-1.8, -0.3) 

(-3.1, 2.5) 

(-5.6, -2.4) 

(-4.2, -1.1) 

(-3.9, -1.0) 

(-3.6, -1.3) 

(-1.9, -0.4) 

(-5.8, -1.1) 

(-5.9, -2.2) 

(-3.4, 0.1) 

(-2.7, -1.5) 

(-7.2, 4.0) 

(-5.5, -1.1) 

(-3.5, -2.0) 

(-1.9, -0.2) 

(-2.3, -1.0) 

(-5.5, -2.1) 

(-10.4, -2.3) 

NA 

(-3.0, -1.5) 

(-10.8, -1.3) 

(-3.2, -1.3) 

126
127 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

 

F.8 Fell Behind on Bills by Banking Status and Household Characteristics, 2015-2017 

For all households 

Characteristics 2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

Homeownership 

Homeowner 

Non-homeowner 

Household type 

Married couple 

Unmarried female-headed family 

Unmarried male-headed family 

Female individual 

Male individual 

Other 

Nativity 

U.S.-born 

Foreign-born citizen 

Foreign-born non-citizen 

Spanish only language spoken 

Spanish is not only language spoken 

Spanish is only language spoken 

Metropolitan status 

Metropolitan area - principal city 

Metropolitan area - balance 

Not in metropolitan area 

Not identified 

Geographic region 

Northeast 

Midwest 

South 

West 

11.5 

26.3 

12.8 

34.0 

25.2 

14.6 

16.0 

NA 

16.9 

13.6 

20.5 

16.7 

24.2 

19.0 

15.0 

18.7 

16.7 

17.1 

16.6 

17.7 

15.7 

9.5 

23.2 

10.2 

31.0 

19.6 

13.9 

14.3 

NA 

14.5 

12.7 

16.5 

14.3 

19.3 

16.5 

12.5 

14.9 

15.6 

14.8 

14.6 

14.6 

13.8 

(9.1, 9.9) 

(22.4, 24.1) 

(9.7, 10.7) 

(29.4, 32.7) 

(17.5, 21.8) 

(13.0, 14.9) 

(13.4, 15.2) 

NA 

(14.0, 14.9) 

(11.3, 14.3) 

(14.9, 18.2) 

(13.8, 14.7) 

(17.1, 21.8) 

(15.8, 17.3) 

(11.8, 13.2) 

(14.0, 15.9) 

(14.5, 16.8) 

(13.9, 15.8) 

(13.8, 15.5) 

(14.0, 15.3) 

(13.0, 14.6) 

-2.0* 

-3.1* 

-2.6* 

-3.0* 

-5.6* 

-0.7 

-1.8* 

NA 

-2.4* 

-0.8 

-4.1* 

-2.5* 

-4.8* 

-2.4* 

-2.5* 

-3.8* 

-1.1 

-2.2* 

-2.0* 

-3.1* 

-2.0* 

(-2.7, -1.4) 

(-4.2, -1.9) 

(-3.4, -1.8) 

(-5.3, -0.7) 

(-8.5, -2.6) 

(-2.0, 0.6) 

(-3.1, -0.4) 

NA 

(-3.1, -1.8) 

(-3.0, 1.3) 

(-6.6, -1.6) 

(-3.1, -1.9) 

(-9.0, -0.7) 

(-3.6, -1.3) 

(-3.4, -1.7) 

(-5.3, -2.2) 

(-2.5, 0.4) 

(-3.6, -0.8) 

(-3.3, -0.6) 

(-4.0, -2.1) 

(-3.1, -0.8) 

Excludes households with missing information on whether the household used one or more mainstream credit products; used credit AFS; applied for, was denied, 

or felt discouraged about applying for a credit card or bank personal loan; or fell behind on bills. * indicates differences that are statistically significant at the 10% 

level. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly 

greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 
F.9 Denied Credit Card or Bank Personal Loan, Conditional on Applying, by Banking Status and 

Household Characteristics, 2015-2017 

For all households that applied for a credit card or bank personal loan in the past 12 months 

Characteristics 2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, Difference 

All 

Unbanked and underbanked 

Unbanked 

Banked: Underbanked 

Banked: Fully banked 

Banked: Underbanked status unknown 

Family income 

Less than $15,000 

$15,000 to $30,000 

$30,000 to $50,000 

$50,000 to $75,000 

At least $75,000 

Education 

No high school diploma 

High school diploma 

Some college 

College degree 

Age group 

15 to 24 years 

25 to 34 years 

35 to 44 years 

45 to 54 years 

55 to 64 years 

65 years or more 

Race/Ethnicity 

Black 

Hispanic 

Asian 

White 

Other 

Disability status 

Disabled, age 25 to 64 

Not disabled, age 25 to 64 

Not applicable (not age 25 to 64) 

Monthly income volatility 

Income was about the same each month 

Income varied somewhat from month to month 

Income varied a lot from month to month 

Unknown 

Employment status 

Employed 

Unemployed 

Not in labor force 

20.0 

NA 

32.5 

14.6 

NA 

42.0 

35.3 

25.9 

20.4 

10.8 

35.4 

25.9 

23.6 

13.2 

32.3 

24.2 

21.9 

18.3 

17.0 

11.4 

28.4 

31.0 

16.6 

17.5 

NA 

32.7 

19.3 

17.9 

17.1 

25.1 

34.5 

NA 

18.9 

47.4 

20.7 

19.5 

NA 

34.2 

13.7 

NA 

36.7 

36.7 

26.3 

18.8 

12.4 

28.3 

20.5 

26.2 

14.2 

28.8 

20.8 

20.5 

22.0 

17.2 

9.3 

37.6 

25.7 

12.9 

16.3 

NA 

32.8 

19.1 

16.1 

17.7 

22.6 

30.6 

NA 

19.0 

38.5 

18.6 

(18.3, 20.7) 

NA 

(31.3, 37.2) 

(12.7, 14.9) 

NA 

(30.7, 43.1) 

(32.1, 41.5) 

(23.0, 29.9) 

(16.5, 21.4) 

(11.1, 13.8) 

(22.1, 35.3) 

(17.8, 23.6) 

(23.8, 28.8) 

(12.8, 15.8) 

(23.6, 34.6) 

(18.2, 23.6) 

(18.1, 23.2) 

(19.5, 24.6) 

(14.7, 20.2) 

(7.3, 11.8) 

(32.3, 43.1) 

(22.1, 29.7) 

(9.5, 17.4) 

(15.1, 17.5) 

NA 

(28.2, 37.9) 

(17.8, 20.5) 

(13.9, 18.6) 

(16.4, 19.1) 

(20.4, 24.9) 

(25.2, 36.7) 

NA 

(17.7, 20.3) 

(30.3, 47.5) 

(16.3, 21.1) 

-0.5 

NA 

1.7 

-0.9 

NA 

-5.3 

1.3 

0.4 

-1.6 

1.6 

-7.2 

-5.4* 

2.6 

1.0 

-3.5 

-3.4 

-1.4 

3.7* 

0.2 

-2.0 

9.2* 

-5.3 

-3.6 

-1.3 

NA 

0.1 

-0.2 

-1.8 

0.6 

-2.6 

-3.8 

NA 

0.1 

-8.8 

-2.1 

(-2.2, 1.1) 

NA 

(-2.1, 5.4) 

(-2.4, 0.6) 

NA 

(-13.8, 3.2) 

(-5.3, 8.0) 

(-3.8, 4.7) 

(-5.0, 1.8) 

(-0.4, 3.5) 

(-16.2, 1.8) 

(-9.4, -1.3) 

(-0.7, 6.0) 

(-1.1, 3.1) 

(-11.4, 4.4) 

(-7.4, 0.5) 

(-5.0, 2.2) 

(0.3, 7.2) 

(-3.6, 4.0) 

(-5.4, 1.4) 

(2.2, 16.3) 

(-11.4, 0.8) 

(-9.4, 2.1) 

(-3.0, 0.5) 

NA 

(-6.4, 6.6) 

(-2.1, 1.8) 

(-5.4, 1.8) 

(-1.2, 2.4) 

(-6.2, 1.1) 

(-12.2, 4.5) 

NA 

(-1.7, 1.9) 

(-21.8, 4.1) 

(-5.3, 1.1) 

128
129 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

F.9 Denied Credit Card or Bank Personal Loan, Conditional on Applying, by Banking Status and 

Household Characteristics, 2015-2017 

For all households that applied for a credit card or bank personal loan in the past 12 months 

Characteristics 2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, Difference 

Homeownership 

Homeowner 

Non-homeowner 

Household type 

Married couple 

Unmarried female-headed family 

Unmarried male-headed family 

Female individual 

Male individual 

Other 

Nativity 

U.S.-born 

Foreign-born citizen 

Foreign-born non-citizen 

Spanish only language spoken 

Spanish is not only language spoken 

Spanish is only language spoken 

Metropolitan status 

Metropolitan area - principal city 

Metropolitan area - balance 

Not in metropolitan area 

Not identified 

Geographic region 

Northeast 

Midwest 

South 

West 

13.7 

32.5 

15.7 

30.8 

28.4 

20.0 

24.7 

NA 

19.5 

18.5 

29.5 

19.7 

NA 

22.1 

17.6 

21.9 

21.8 

18.2 

17.9 

21.5 

21.1 

13.6 

31.0 

15.4 

31.6 

26.9 

20.5 

21.6 

NA 

18.9 

18.4 

27.7 

19.1 

NA 

22.4 

17.5 

16.2 

21.9 

15.9 

19.0 

21.1 

20.3 

(12.4, 14.8) 

(28.6, 33.6) 

(14.1, 16.7) 

(27.4, 36.1) 

(20.7, 34.1) 

(17.5, 23.9) 

(18.7, 24.9) 

NA 

(17.7, 20.1) 

(14.4, 23.2) 

(22.6, 33.5) 

(17.9, 20.3) 

NA 

(20.2, 24.7) 

(15.8, 19.3) 

(13.4, 19.5) 

(18.9, 25.1) 

(13.5, 18.5) 

(17.0, 21.2) 

(19.1, 23.4) 

(18.2, 22.6) 

-0.1 

-1.5 

-0.3 

0.8 

-1.5 

0.5 

-3.1 

NA 

-0.6 

-0.1 

-1.7 

-0.6 

NA 

0.3 

-0.1 

-5.7* 

0.1 

-2.4 

1.1 

-0.4 

-0.8 

(-1.8, 1.6) 

(-4.9, 2.0) 

(-2.3, 1.7) 

(-5.2, 6.8) 

(-10.1, 7.1) 

(-4.0, 5.0) 

(-7.3, 1.1) 

NA 

(-2.3, 1.1) 

(-6.2, 5.9) 

(-9.8, 6.3) 

(-2.2, 1.0) 

NA 

(-2.8, 3.4) 

(-2.4, 2.2) 

(-10.2, -1.3) 

(-4.5, 4.7) 

(-6.3, 1.5) 

(-2.2, 4.4) 

(-3.4, 2.5) 

(-3.9, 2.4) 

Excludes households with missing information on whether the household used one or more mainstream credit products; used credit AFS; applied for, was denied, 

or felt discouraged about applying for a credit card or bank personal loan; or fell behind on bills. * indicates differences that are statistically significant at the 10% 

level. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly 

greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 
 

F.10 Credit Characteristics by State, 2017 

For all households, row percent 

Geography 

Number of 

Households 

(1000s) 

Percent of 

Households 

Applied for 

credit card 

or bank 

personal loan 

(Percent) 

Denied credit 

card or bank 

personal loan 

(Percent) 

Felt discouraged 

about applying 

for credit card 

or bank 

personal loan 

(Percent) 

Fell behind 

on bills 

(Percent) 

All 115,124 100.0 14.1 2.8 5.6 14.5 

State 

AL 1,821 100.0 6.8 2.1 6.5 13.0 

AK 251 100.0 17.4 4.7 5.4 16.3 

AZ 2,291 100.0 17.8 3.4 10.1 15.4 

AR 1,114 100.0 9.6 2.4 5.1 13.8 

CA 12,838 100.0 15.9 3.6 5.9 13.9 

CO 1,945 100.0 12.9 1.3 6.1 11.6 

CT 1,240 100.0 15.4 2.3 5.2 13.2 

DE 339 100.0 10.6 3.4 3.6 15.7 

DC 293 100.0 17.6 3.3 4.8 15.9 

FL 7,473 100.0 13.0 3.3 5.3 12.2 

GA 3,710 100.0 10.8 2.7 7.2 14.0 

HI 453 100.0 12.3 1.9 3.0 8.8 

ID 611 100.0 20.1 3.2 6.3 12.9 

IL 4,465 100.0 13.2 3.3 6.6 13.5 

IN 2,501 100.0 16.1 3.0 5.8 18.5 

IA 1,161 100.0 14.4 2.2 2.6 9.6 

KS 1,090 100.0 11.8 3.5 8.3 15.6 

KY 1,736 100.0 11.6 3.3 7.7 13.0 

LA 1,812 100.0 8.2 1.4 5.5 19.3 

ME 505 100.0 12.9 2.8 5.9 18.0 

MD 2,026 100.0 18.4 1.7 5.4 13.9 

MA 2,330 100.0 13.1 1.7 5.4 12.7 

MI 3,740 100.0 15.1 2.2 4.6 13.3 

MN 2,215 100.0 16.7 3.4 4.0 10.6 

MS 1,112 100.0 6.3 1.5 4.0 19.3 

MO 2,240 100.0 14.1 2.1 3.5 16.8 

MT 414 100.0 12.3 2.5 3.9 13.2 

NE 716 100.0 16.4 3.6 6.0 16.8 

NV 1,007 100.0 13.1 3.2 5.3 9.2 

NH 485 100.0 15.4 2.8 4.6 14.4 

NJ 3,135 100.0 15.3 2.8 6.5 12.6 

NM 803 100.0 8.8 2.4 5.0 17.3 

NY 6,981 100.0 12.3 2.0 4.6 15.1 

NC 3,756 100.0 12.1 1.8 4.7 13.2 

ND 313 100.0 14.7 2.5 3.9 11.2 

OH 4,160 100.0 16.3 3.4 5.8 17.4 

130
131 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

 

F.10 Credit Characteristics by State, 2017 

For all households, row percent 

Geography 

Number of 

Households 

(1000s) 

Percent of 

Households 

Applied for 

credit card 

or bank 

personal loan 

(Percent) 

Denied credit 

card or bank 

personal loan 

(Percent) 

Felt discouraged 

about applying 

for credit card 

or bank 

personal loan 

(Percent) 

Fell behind 

on bills 

(Percent) 

OK 1,456 100.0 15.6 2.9 3.4 18.5 

OR 1,478 100.0 19.2 4.2 6.9 17.9 

PA 4,761 100.0 19.5 2.8 6.0 17.0 

RI 395 100.0 10.4 2.6 3.3 18.5 

SC 1,918 100.0 9.7 1.9 5.2 14.9 

SD 309 100.0 12.5 2.0 3.6 15.8 

TN 2,398 100.0 12.2 1.8 5.4 16.4 

TX 9,451 100.0 12.9 2.9 6.3 16.0 

UT 939 100.0 22.7 4.5 4.4 13.7 

VT 241 100.0 13.2 2.4 3.1 11.4 

VA 2,908 100.0 16.2 3.2 5.7 12.6 

WA 2,681 100.0 18.4 2.7 4.8 12.6 

WV 678 100.0 8.4 2.3 4.1 16.6 

WI 2,201 100.0 13.3 1.3 4.2 13.5 

WY 228 100.0 12.7 2.3 4.1 15.5 

Excludes households with missing information on whether the household used one or more mainstream credit products; used credit AFS; applied for, was denied, or felt 

discouraged about applying for a credit card or bank personal loan; or fell behind on bills. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. 

- indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 
 

F.11 Credit Characteristics by MSA, 2017 

For all households, row percent 

Geography 

Number of 

Households 

(1000s) 

Percent of 

Households 

Applied for 

credit card 

or bank 

personal loan 

(Percent) 

Denied credit 

card or bank 

personal loan 

(Percent) 

Felt discouraged 

about applying 

for credit card 

or bank 

personal loan 

(Percent) 

Fell behind 

on bills 

(Percent) 

All 115,124 100.0 14.1 2.8 5.6 14.5 

MSA 

Albuquerque, NM 382 100.0 11.4 3.0 4.8 14.2 

Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA~ 2,100 100.0 11.8 3.1 7.3 14.4 

Austin-Round Rock, TX 695 100.0 15.5 1.9 5.6 13.1 

Baltimore-Columbia-Towson, MD 936 100.0 19.5 1.6 7.3 15.3 

Baton Rouge, LA 325 100.0 6.2 - 3.7 7.7 

Billings, MT~ 63 100.0 4.3 - - 10.8 

Birmingham-Hoover, AL 410 100.0 6.1 0.7 5.6 9.2 

Boise City, ID 227 100.0 20.5 1.4 5.1 3.7 

Boston-Cambridge-Newton, MA-NH~ 1,613 100.0 17.4 2.5 5.5 12.4 

Burlington-South Burlington, VT~ NA NA NA NA NA NA 

Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia, NC-SC~ 982 100.0 16.1 1.8 2.1 15.7 

Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI 3,134 100.0 14.2 3.6 5.8 12.0 

Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN~ 728 100.0 13.4 2.0 3.4 14.5 

Cleveland-Elyria, OH 833 100.0 18.4 6.0 7.2 20.1 

Columbus, OH~ 679 100.0 20.1 2.4 7.0 11.5 

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX~ 2,447 100.0 14.3 4.3 9.4 14.1 

Denver-Aurora-Lakewood, CO 1,071 100.0 12.9 1.1 7.3 14.3 

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI 1,684 100.0 16.1 3.2 5.1 11.9 

Fargo, ND-MN 75 100.0 16.9 2.8 3.5 10.6 

Greenville-Anderson-Mauldin, SC~ 439 100.0 5.8 1.0 0.9 11.3 

Hartford-West Hartford-East Hartford, CT~ 471 100.0 11.5 2.2 3.8 7.9 

Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX~ 2,372 100.0 14.4 1.7 4.3 16.6 

Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH~ NA NA NA NA NA NA 

Indianapolis-Carmel-Anderson, IN~ 861 100.0 17.5 1.7 5.4 21.3 

Jackson, MS~ 258 100.0 5.1 2.0 1.0 12.3 

Kansas City, MO-KS~ 730 100.0 20.8 5.4 5.3 15.7 

Knoxville, TN~ 374 100.0 10.9 1.8 5.4 16.6 

Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise, NV 763 100.0 10.2 3.7 5.0 9.4 

Little Rock-North Little Rock-Conway, AR 317 100.0 12.7 2.0 5.7 16.4 

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA 4,065 100.0 14.8 3.5 5.7 13.5 

Louisville/Jefferson County, KY-IN~ 603 100.0 13.2 2.0 9.5 14.5 

Manchester-Nashua, NH~ 149 100.0 13.3 2.4 4.7 11.8 

Memphis, TN-MS-AR~ 535 100.0 9.2 - 5.6 21.2 

Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach, FL 2,010 100.0 12.3 5.2 5.0 10.6 

Milwaukee-Waukesha-West Allis, WI 534 100.0 12.7 1.7 2.8 10.6 

Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI~ 1,426 100.0 16.6 4.5 3.8 9.4 

132
133 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

 

F.11 Credit Characteristics by MSA, 2017 

For all households, row percent 

Geography 

Number of 

Households 

(1000s) 

Percent of 

Households 

Applied for 

credit card 

or bank 

personal loan 

(Percent) 

Denied credit 

card or bank 

personal loan 

(Percent) 

Felt discouraged 

about applying 

for credit card 

or bank 

personal loan 

(Percent) 

Fell behind 

on bills 

(Percent) 

Nashville-Davidson-Murfreesboro-Franklin, 

TN~ 562 100.0 12.8 1.3 6.1 15.3 

New Orleans-Metairie, LA~ 484 100.0 11.2 2.3 5.4 16.1 

New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA~ 6,929 100.0 12.9 2.3 5.4 14.6 

Oklahoma City, OK 479 100.0 21.5 2.2 4.9 17.4 

Omaha-Council Bluffs, NE-IA 394 100.0 18.7 4.8 5.9 16.8 

Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford, FL 1,022 100.0 11.1 0.8 3.3 12.0 

Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJDE-MD 2,235 100.0 21.8 2.5 6.5 15.9 

Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ 1,498 100.0 18.4 3.9 10.2 15.4 

Pittsburgh, PA 935 100.0 23.9 3.9 6.4 14.2 

Portland-South Portland, ME~ 175 100.0 10.3 1.7 6.6 15.1 

Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA 828 100.0 20.3 3.4 6.0 15.6 

Providence-Warwick, RI-MA~ 523 100.0 10.2 2.0 2.5 16.7 

Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA 1,327 100.0 12.9 2.9 5.9 13.0 

Sacramento-Roseville-Arden-Arcade, CA 943 100.0 14.3 5.9 5.4 15.4 

St. Louis, MO-IL~ 1,131 100.0 15.4 2.3 4.1 17.0 

Salisbury, MD-DE~ NA NA NA NA NA NA 

Salt Lake City, UT~ 440 100.0 24.8 6.2 4.2 12.7 

San Antonio-New Braunfels, TX 902 100.0 10.9 4.0 3.5 15.4 

San Diego-Carlsbad, CA 1,371 100.0 16.5 3.9 6.7 11.3 

San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, CA 1,540 100.0 23.7 3.5 4.3 9.2 

San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA 566 100.0 18.8 5.6 10.6 12.3 

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA 1,454 100.0 23.5 3.2 4.4 9.4 

Sioux Falls, SD 103 100.0 14.9 4.8 4.9 16.3 

Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL 1,225 100.0 16.2 4.1 3.8 9.5 

Tulsa, OK 417 100.0 14.1 2.2 3.9 16.6 

Urban Honolulu, HI 328 100.0 13.5 1.7 2.3 7.9 

Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, 

VA-NC~ 616 100.0 9.3 1.7 5.3 14.9 

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VAMD-WV~ 2,094 100.0 20.8 3.0 4.9 11.3 

Wichita, KS~ 326 100.0 12.8 2.8 10.6 25.9 

Worcester, MA-CT~ 364 100.0 7.5 1.2 7.5 19.0 

Excludes households with missing information on whether the household used one or more mainstream credit products; used credit AFS; applied for, was denied, 

or felt discouraged about applying for a credit card or bank personal loan; or fell behind on bills. ~ indicates areas with geographic boundary changes between the 

2013 and 2015 surveys. See Appendix 1 (FDIC Technical Notes) for details. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. 

- indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 
G.1 Methods Used to Pay Bills and Receive Income in a Typical Month, 2015-2017 

(2015 Sample Selection) 

For all households that paid bills and received income in a typical month 

2015 

(Percent) 

2017 

(Percent) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 2017 

Difference 

(2017-2015) 

90% Confidence 

Interval, 

Difference 

A. Paying bills 

Electronic payment from bank account 64.3 66.5 (65.9, 67.0) 2.2* (1.5, 3.0) 

Personal check 61.2 59.8 (59.2, 60.4) -1.4* (-2.2, -0.7) 

Debit card 39.7 46.2 (45.6, 46.8) 6.5* (5.6, 7.3) 

Credit card 21.3 24.3 (23.8, 24.8) 3.0* (2.3, 3.6) 

Bank money order or cashiers check 5.7 5.7 (5.4, 6.0) 0.0 (-0.4, 0.4) 

Cash 16.7 16.0 (15.6, 16.4) -0.6* (-1.2, 0.0) 

Nonbank money order 7.6 6.8 (6.5, 7.1) -0.8* (-1.2, -0.4) 

Prepaid card 2.4 2.2 (2.1, 2.4) -0.2 (-0.4, 0.0) 

Other 1.4 1.3 (1.2, 1.5) -0.1 (-0.3, 0.1) 

None selected 1.9 2.2 (2.1, 2.4) 0.3* (0.1, 0.6) 

Any bank method 91.4 91.7 (91.4, 92.0) 0.3 (-0.1, 0.8) 

Only bank methods 75.5 76.3 (75.9, 76.8) 0.8* (0.1, 1.4) 

B. Receiving income 

Direct deposit or electronic transfer into 

bank account 81.3 84.0 (83.5, 84.4) 2.7* (2.1, 3.3) 

Paper check or money order 29.1 26.7 (26.2, 27.1) -2.4* (-3.1, -1.7) 

Cash 8.2 7.7 (7.4, 8.0) -0.5* (-1.0, 0.0) 

Direct deposit or electronic transfer onto 

prepaid card 3.9+ 3.3 (3.1, 3.5) 

Other 1.8+ 1.8 (1.6, 1.9) 

Used nonbank check casher 2.1 1.9 (1.7, 2.0) -0.2* (-0.4, 0.0) 

None selected 5.8+ 4.6 (4.3, 4.9) 

Any bank method 88.5 90.2 (89.8, 90.5) 1.7* (1.2, 2.2) 

Only bank methods 79.2+ 81.4 (80.9, 81.9) 

Excludes households with missing information on use of prepaid cards or nonbank money orders or check cashers in the past 12 months, on methods used to pay bills 

or receive income, or where the household volunteered that it did not pay bills or receive income in a typical month. The 2017 estimates presented here differ from those 

presented elsewhere in the 2017 report and appendix tables. Specifically, in the 2015 and 2017 surveys households could volunteer that they did not pay bills, but in the 

2017 survey households that did not select a bill payment method and that did not volunteer that they did not pay bills were explicitly asked whether they paid bills (a 

similar question was asked for income receipt). To more directly compare the 2015 and 2017 estimates, in this table households that indicated that they did not pay bills 

or receive income when explicitly asked are not excluded from the 2017 estimates, as they are elsewhere in the 2017 report and appendix tables. + indicates estimates 

that were computed in part using imputed values or that cannot be compared over time because of an issue with the administration of the 2015 survey instrument. See 

Appendix 1 of the 2015 report for additional details. In these cases, estimated differences between 2015 and 2017 are not calculated. * indicates differences that are 

statistically significant at the 10% level. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population 

proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 

134
135 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

G.2 Methods Used to Pay Bills in a Typical Month by Banking Status, 2017 

For all households that paid bills and received income in a typical month, column percent 

Characteristics All Unbanked Banked: 

Underbanked 

Banked: Fully 

banked 

Number of Households (1000s) 111,477 5,380 22,856 82,923 

Percent of Households 

Electronic payment from bank account (Percent) 

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

Yes 68.4 2.5 67.2 73.0 

No 

Personal check (Percent) 

31.6 97.5 32.8 27.0 

Yes 61.3 1.2 52.0 67.8 

No 

Debit card (Percent) 

38.7 98.8 48.0 32.2 

Yes 47.3 3.1 63.1 45.9 

No 

Credit card (Percent) 

52.7 96.9 36.9 54.1 

Yes 24.8 8.4 25.0 25.8 

No 

Bank money order or cashiers check (Percent) 

75.2 91.6 75.0 74.2 

Yes 5.7 13.0 11.8 3.5 

No 

Cash (Percent) 

94.3 87.0 88.2 96.5 

Yes 15.9 66.1 26.2 9.8 

No 

Nonbank money order (Percent) 

84.1 33.9 73.8 90.2 

Yes 6.9 39.1 24.2 -

No 

Prepaid card (Percent) 

93.1 60.9 75.8 100.0 

Yes 2.3 22.1 4.0 0.5 

No 

Other (Percent) 

97.7 77.9 96.0 99.5 

Yes 1.2 8.0 1.3 0.7 

No 

None selected (Percent) 

98.8 92.0 98.7 99.3 

Yes 0.5 3.3 0.3 0.4 

No 

Any bank method (Percent) 

99.5 96.7 99.7 99.6 

Yes 93.8 22.7 94.0 98.4 

No 

Only bank methods (Percent) 

6.2 77.3 6.0 1.6 

Yes 78.2 6.2 56.6 88.8 

No 21.8 93.8 43.4 11.2 

Excludes households with missing information on use of prepaid cards or nonbank money orders or check cashers in the past 12 months, on methods used to pay 

bills or receive income, or where the household indicated that it did not pay bills or receive income in a typical month. NA indicates that the sample size is too small 

to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to 

totals because of rounding. 
G.3 Methods Used to Receive Income in a Typical Month by Banking Status, 2017 

For all households that paid bills and received income in a typical month, column percent 

Characteristics All Unbanked Banked: 

Underbanked 

Banked: Fully 

banked 

Number of Households (1000s) 111,477 5,380 22,856 82,923 

Percent of Households 

Direct deposit or electronic transfer into bank account (Percent) 

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

Yes 86.7 5.6 86.6 92.0 

No 

Paper check or money order (Percent) 

13.3 94.4 13.4 8.0 

Yes 27.6 45.4 30.8 25.6 

No 

Cash (Percent) 

72.4 54.6 69.2 74.4 

Yes 7.9 26.5 10.5 6.0 

No 

Direct deposit or electronic transfer onto prepaid card (Percent) 

92.1 73.5 89.5 94.0 

Yes 3.4 23.3 5.0 1.6 

No 

Other (Percent) 

96.6 76.7 95.0 98.4 

Yes 1.8 10.6 1.9 1.2 

No 

Used nonbank check casher (Percent) 

98.2 89.4 98.1 98.8 

Yes 1.9 23.7 3.8 -

No 

None selected (Percent) 

98.1 76.3 96.2 100.0 

Yes 1.6 10.5 1.3 1.1 

No 

Any bank method (Percent) 

98.4 89.5 98.7 98.9 

Yes 93.2 5.6 95.3 98.2 

No 

Only bank methods (Percent) 

6.8 94.4 4.7 1.8 

Yes 84.1 2.6 80.0 90.5 

No 15.9 97.4 20.0 9.5 

Excludes households with missing information on use of prepaid cards or nonbank money orders or check cashers in the past 12 months, on methods used to pay 

bills or receive income, or where the household indicated that it did not pay bills or receive income in a typical month. NA indicates that the sample size is too small 

to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to 

totals because of rounding. 

136
137 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

G.4 Methods Used to Pay Bills in a Typical Month by Income, 2017 

For all households that paid bills and received income in a typical month, column percent 

Characteristics All Less than 

$15,000 

$15,000 to 

$30,000 

$30,000 to 

$50,000 

$50,000 to 

$75,000 

At least 

$75,000 

Number of Households (1000s) 111,477 12,049 16,448 22,252 21,118 39,611 

Percent of Households 

Electronic payment from bank account (Percent) 

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

Yes 68.4 37.8 48.6 62.4 75.2 85.6 

No 

Personal check (Percent) 

31.6 62.2 51.4 37.6 24.8 14.4 

Yes 61.3 44.1 56.1 62.2 64.4 66.6 

No 

Debit card (Percent) 

38.7 55.9 43.9 37.8 35.6 33.4 

Yes 47.3 36.7 44.6 50.5 53.1 46.9 

No 

Credit card (Percent) 

52.7 63.3 55.4 49.5 46.9 53.1 

Yes 24.8 13.4 16.0 21.0 25.6 33.7 

No 

Bank money order or cashiers check (Percent) 

75.2 86.6 84.0 79.0 74.4 66.3 

Yes 5.7 10.0 8.4 6.5 4.8 3.3 

No 

Cash (Percent) 

94.3 90.0 91.6 93.5 95.2 96.7 

Yes 15.9 33.7 26.3 19.1 11.1 7.0 

No 

Nonbank money order (Percent) 

84.1 66.3 73.7 80.9 88.9 93.0 

Yes 6.9 17.4 13.0 8.3 4.3 1.6 

No 

Prepaid card (Percent) 

93.1 82.6 87.0 91.7 95.7 98.4 

Yes 2.3 6.1 4.3 2.6 1.3 0.5 

No 

Other (Percent) 

97.7 93.9 95.7 97.4 98.7 99.5 

Yes 1.2 2.9 2.2 1.0 0.8 0.7 

No 

None selected (Percent) 

98.8 97.1 97.8 99.0 99.2 99.3 

Yes 0.5 1.2 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.2 

No 

Any bank method (Percent) 

99.5 98.8 99.3 99.5 99.5 99.8 

Yes 93.8 75.2 87.8 94.4 98.2 99.3 

No 

Only bank methods (Percent) 

6.2 24.8 12.2 5.6 1.8 0.7 

Yes 78.2 52.2 64.0 74.6 84.1 90.8 

No 21.8 47.8 36.0 25.4 15.9 9.2 

Excludes households with missing information on use of prepaid cards or nonbank money orders or check cashers in the past 12 months, on methods used to pay 

bills or receive income, or where the household indicated that it did not pay bills or receive income in a typical month. NA indicates that the sample size is too small 

to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to 

totals because of rounding. 
G.5 Methods Used to Receive Income in a Typical Month by Income, 2017 

For all households that paid bills and received income in a typical month, column percent 

Characteristics All Less than 

$15,000 

$15,000 to 

$30,000 

$30,000 to 

$50,000 

$50,000 to 

$75,000 

At least 

$75,000 

Number of Households (1000s) 111,477 12,049 16,448 22,252 21,118 39,611 

Percent of Households 

Direct deposit or electronic transfer into bank 

account (Percent) 

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

Yes 86.7 69.2 76.0 85.5 91.0 94.9 

No 

Paper check or money order (Percent) 

13.3 30.8 24.0 14.5 9.0 5.1 

Yes 27.6 23.8 28.7 28.7 27.3 27.9 

No 

Cash (Percent) 

72.4 76.2 71.3 71.3 72.7 72.1 

Yes 7.9 12.4 10.3 8.8 6.7 5.7 

No 

Direct deposit or electronic transfer onto prepaid card 

(Percent) 

92.1 87.6 89.7 91.2 93.3 94.3 

Yes 3.4 8.7 5.0 3.3 2.1 1.8 

No 

Other (Percent) 

96.6 91.3 95.0 96.7 97.9 98.2 

Yes 1.8 4.4 2.3 1.7 1.2 1.3 

No 

Used nonbank check casher (Percent) 

98.2 95.6 97.7 98.3 98.8 98.7 

Yes 1.9 4.4 4.5 2.3 0.9 0.5 

No 

None selected (Percent) 

98.1 95.6 95.5 97.7 99.1 99.5 

Yes 1.6 4.6 2.4 1.2 1.3 0.8 

No 

Any bank method (Percent) 

98.4 95.4 97.6 98.8 98.7 99.2 

Yes 93.2 75.8 86.0 93.9 97.4 98.8 

No 

Only bank methods (Percent) 

6.8 24.2 14.0 6.1 2.6 1.2 

Yes 84.1 66.4 76.5 83.6 88.4 90.5 

No 15.9 33.6 23.5 16.4 11.6 9.5 

Excludes households with missing information on use of prepaid cards or nonbank money orders or check cashers in the past 12 months, on methods used to pay 

bills or receive income, or where the household indicated that it did not pay bills or receive income in a typical month. NA indicates that the sample size is too small 

to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to 

totals because of rounding. 

138
139 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

G.6 Methods Used to Pay Bills in a Typical Month by Education, 2017 

For all households that paid bills and received income in a typical month, column percent 

Characteristics All No high school 

diploma 

High school 

diploma Some college College degree 

Number of Households (1000s) 111,477 9,676 28,164 32,483 41,155 

Percent of Households 

Electronic payment from bank account 

(Percent) 

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

Yes 68.4 32.8 56.1 71.4 82.7 

No 

Personal check (Percent) 

31.6 67.2 43.9 28.6 17.3 

Yes 61.3 46.1 61.1 61.0 65.2 

No 

Debit card (Percent) 

38.7 53.9 38.9 39.0 34.8 

Yes 47.3 36.3 46.6 53.6 45.5 

No 

Credit card (Percent) 

52.7 63.7 53.4 46.4 54.5 

Yes 24.8 12.0 17.1 21.7 35.7 

No 

Bank money order or cashiers check 

(Percent) 

75.2 88.0 82.9 78.3 64.3 

Yes 5.7 10.6 6.5 6.0 3.7 

No 

Cash (Percent) 

94.3 89.4 93.5 94.0 96.3 

Yes 15.9 38.7 20.2 16.3 7.3 

No 

Nonbank money order (Percent) 

84.1 61.3 79.8 83.7 92.7 

Yes 6.9 16.7 9.2 7.5 2.4 

No 

Prepaid card (Percent) 

93.1 83.3 90.8 92.5 97.6 

Yes 2.3 4.5 3.4 2.5 0.7 

No 

Other (Percent) 

97.7 95.5 96.6 97.5 99.3 

Yes 1.2 3.0 1.4 1.1 0.8 

No 

None selected (Percent) 

98.8 97.0 98.6 98.9 99.2 

Yes 0.5 1.2 0.7 0.4 0.3 

No 

Any bank method (Percent) 

99.5 98.8 99.3 99.6 99.7 

Yes 93.8 75.3 91.3 95.2 98.8 

No 

Only bank methods (Percent) 

6.2 24.7 8.7 4.8 1.2 

Yes 78.2 49.7 72.1 77.4 89.7 

No 21.8 50.3 27.9 22.6 10.3 

Excludes households with missing information on use of prepaid cards or nonbank money orders or check cashers in the past 12 months, on methods used to pay 

bills or receive income, or where the household indicated that it did not pay bills or receive income in a typical month. NA indicates that the sample size is too small 

to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to 

totals because of rounding. 
G.7 Methods Used to Receive Income in a Typical Month by Education, 2017 

For all households that paid bills and received income in a typical month, column percent 

Characteristics All No high school 

diploma 

High school 

diploma Some college College degree 

Number of Households (1000s) 111,477 9,676 28,164 32,483 41,155 

Percent of Households 

Direct deposit or electronic transfer 

into bank account (Percent) 

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

Yes 86.7 66.8 81.9 87.9 93.8 

No 

Paper check or money order (Percent) 

13.3 33.2 18.1 12.1 6.2 

Yes 27.6 31.6 29.1 27.5 25.8 

No 

Cash (Percent) 

72.4 68.4 70.9 72.5 74.2 

Yes 7.9 14.5 8.4 8.2 5.9 

No 

Direct deposit or electronic transfer 

onto prepaid card (Percent) 

92.1 85.5 91.6 91.8 94.1 

Yes 3.4 5.6 4.4 3.7 1.9 

No 

Other (Percent) 

96.6 94.4 95.6 96.3 98.1 

Yes 1.8 2.7 2.1 1.6 1.6 

No 

Used nonbank check casher (Percent) 

98.2 97.3 97.9 98.4 98.4 

Yes 1.9 4.9 3.1 1.9 0.5 

No 

None selected (Percent) 

98.1 95.1 96.9 98.1 99.5 

Yes 1.6 4.0 2.2 1.4 0.8 

No 

Any bank method (Percent) 

98.4 96.0 97.8 98.6 99.2 

Yes 93.2 77.1 90.3 94.2 98.1 

No 

Only bank methods (Percent) 

6.8 22.9 9.7 5.8 1.9 

Yes 84.1 67.9 80.9 84.3 89.9 

No 15.9 32.1 19.1 15.7 10.1 

Excludes households with missing information on use of prepaid cards or nonbank money orders or check cashers in the past 12 months, on methods used to pay 

bills or receive income, or where the household indicated that it did not pay bills or receive income in a typical month. NA indicates that the sample size is too small 

to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to 

totals because of rounding. 

140
141 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

G.8 Methods Used to Pay Bills in a Typical Month by Age, 2017 

For all households that paid bills and received income in a typical month, column percent 

Characteristics All 15 to 24 

years 

25 to 34 

years 

35 to 44 

years 

45 to 54 

years 

55 to 64 

years 

65 years or 

more 

Number of Households (1000s) 111,477 5,800 18,386 18,549 20,051 21,160 27,531 

Percent of Households 

Electronic payment from bank 

account (Percent) 

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

Yes 68.4 67.1 75.8 75.3 73.7 67.3 55.9 

No 

Personal check (Percent) 

31.6 32.9 24.2 24.7 26.3 32.7 44.1 

Yes 61.3 43.5 46.5 54.3 60.8 66.3 76.3 

No 

Debit card (Percent) 

38.7 56.5 53.5 45.7 39.2 33.7 23.7 

Yes 47.3 63.0 62.9 56.0 51.1 42.1 29.1 

No 

Credit card (Percent) 

52.7 37.0 37.1 44.0 48.9 57.9 70.9 

Yes 24.8 23.3 29.1 27.4 24.0 22.9 22.7 

No 

Bank money order or cashiers check 

(Percent) 

75.2 76.7 70.9 72.6 76.0 77.1 77.3 

Yes 5.7 9.4 7.3 6.3 6.0 5.1 3.6 

No 

Cash (Percent) 

94.3 90.6 92.7 93.7 94.0 94.9 96.4 

Yes 15.9 23.9 20.1 18.4 16.1 15.6 9.8 

No 

Nonbank money order (Percent) 

84.1 76.1 79.9 81.6 83.9 84.4 90.2 

Yes 6.9 13.7 9.1 7.9 6.5 6.6 3.6 

No 

Prepaid card (Percent) 

93.1 86.3 90.9 92.1 93.5 93.4 96.4 

Yes 2.3 3.4 3.2 3.3 2.7 1.9 0.7 

No 

Other (Percent) 

97.7 96.6 96.8 96.7 97.3 98.1 99.3 

Yes 1.2 1.0 1.3 1.2 1.1 0.8 1.7 

No 

None selected (Percent) 

98.8 99.0 98.7 98.8 98.9 99.2 98.3 

Yes 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 

No 

Any bank method (Percent) 

99.5 99.5 99.6 99.6 99.5 99.5 99.4 

Yes 93.8 91.5 92.7 93.0 93.9 93.5 95.8 

No 

Only bank methods (Percent) 

6.2 8.5 7.3 7.0 6.1 6.5 4.2 

Yes 78.2 65.9 72.8 75.5 78.1 78.9 85.7 

No 21.8 34.1 27.2 24.5 21.9 21.1 14.3 

Excludes households with missing information on use of prepaid cards or nonbank money orders or check cashers in the past 12 months, on methods used to pay 

bills or receive income, or where the household indicated that it did not pay bills or receive income in a typical month. NA indicates that the sample size is too small 

to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to 

totals because of rounding. 
G.9 Methods Used to Receive Income in a Typical Month by Age, 2017 

For all households that paid bills and received income in a typical month, column percent 

Characteristics All 15 to 24 

years 

25 to 34 

years 

35 to 44 

years 

45 to 54 

years 

55 to 64 

years 

65 years or 

more 

Number of Households (1000s) 111,477 5,800 18,386 18,549 20,051 21,160 27,531 

Percent of Households 

Direct deposit or electronic 

transfer into bank account 

(Percent) 

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

Yes 86.7 81.2 85.1 83.5 85.0 86.1 92.9 

No 

Paper check or money order 

(Percent) 

13.3 18.8 14.9 16.5 15.0 13.9 7.1 

Yes 27.6 35.8 27.6 31.5 30.7 28.4 20.5 

No 

Cash (Percent) 

72.4 64.2 72.4 68.5 69.3 71.6 79.5 

Yes 7.9 14.4 10.3 10.2 8.3 7.1 3.8 

No 

Direct deposit or electronic 

transfer onto prepaid card (Percent) 

92.1 85.6 89.7 89.8 91.7 92.9 96.2 

Yes 3.4 6.3 3.6 4.1 4.3 3.1 1.6 

No 

Other (Percent) 

96.6 93.7 96.4 95.9 95.7 96.9 98.4 

Yes 1.8 1.8 1.8 2.0 1.6 2.0 1.7 

No 

Used nonbank check casher 

(Percent) 

98.2 98.2 98.2 98.0 98.4 98.0 98.3 

Yes 1.9 4.5 3.1 2.5 1.8 1.5 0.6 

No 

None selected (Percent) 

98.1 95.5 96.9 97.5 98.2 98.5 99.4 

Yes 1.6 1.9 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.6 2.5 

No 

Any bank method (Percent) 

98.4 98.1 98.9 98.9 98.8 98.4 97.5 

Yes 93.2 90.0 91.4 92.0 93.0 93.7 95.6 

No 

Only bank methods (Percent) 

6.8 10.0 8.6 8.0 7.0 6.3 4.4 

Yes 84.1 74.3 81.5 81.1 83.2 84.9 89.8 

No 15.9 25.7 18.5 18.9 16.8 15.1 10.2 

Excludes households with missing information on use of prepaid cards or nonbank money orders or check cashers in the past 12 months, on methods used to pay 

bills or receive income, or where the household indicated that it did not pay bills or receive income in a typical month. NA indicates that the sample size is too small 

to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to 

totals because of rounding. 

142
143 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

G.10 Methods Used to Pay Bills in a Typical Month by Race/Ethnicity, 2017 

For all households that paid bills and received income in a typical month, column percent 

Characteristics All Black Hispanic Asian White Other 

Number of Households (1000s) 111,477 14,920 13,532 5,552 75,668 1,804 

Percent of Households 

Electronic payment from bank account (Percent) 

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

Yes 68.4 55.0 57.2 78.6 72.3 64.1 

No 

Personal check (Percent) 

31.6 45.0 42.8 21.4 27.7 35.9 

Yes 61.3 45.7 44.6 59.3 67.8 49.7 

No 

Debit card (Percent) 

38.7 54.3 55.4 40.7 32.2 50.3 

Yes 47.3 54.2 53.6 39.8 45.2 54.9 

No 

Credit card (Percent) 

52.7 45.8 46.4 60.2 54.8 45.1 

Yes 24.8 18.3 20.7 44.2 25.6 17.9 

No 

Bank money order or cashiers check (Percent) 

75.2 81.7 79.3 55.8 74.4 82.1 

Yes 5.7 11.7 9.4 4.9 3.8 8.6 

No 

Cash (Percent) 

94.3 88.3 90.6 95.1 96.2 91.4 

Yes 15.9 27.2 31.8 10.2 11.1 22.4 

No 

Nonbank money order (Percent) 

84.1 72.8 68.2 89.8 88.9 77.6 

Yes 6.9 18.6 13.0 2.0 3.7 12.1 

No 

Prepaid card (Percent) 

93.1 81.4 87.0 98.0 96.3 87.9 

Yes 2.3 6.3 2.2 1.0 1.5 4.4 

No 

Other (Percent) 

97.7 93.7 97.8 99.0 98.5 95.6 

Yes 1.2 1.7 1.8 1.1 1.0 2.3 

No 

None selected (Percent) 

98.8 98.3 98.2 98.9 99.0 97.7 

Yes 0.5 1.1 0.6 0.2 0.4 0.4 

No 

Any bank method (Percent) 

99.5 98.9 99.4 99.8 99.6 99.6 

Yes 93.8 85.0 84.9 97.7 97.0 87.9 

No 

Only bank methods (Percent) 

6.2 15.0 15.1 2.3 3.0 12.1 

Yes 78.2 57.9 60.1 87.0 85.1 65.3 

No 21.8 42.1 39.9 13.0 14.9 34.7 

Excludes households with missing information on use of prepaid cards or nonbank money orders or check cashers in the past 12 months, on methods used to pay 

bills or receive income, or where the household indicated that it did not pay bills or receive income in a typical month. NA indicates that the sample size is too small 

to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to 

totals because of rounding. 
G.11 Methods Used to Receive Income in a Typical Month by Race/Ethnicity, 2017 

For all households that paid bills and received income in a typical month, column percent 

Characteristics All Black Hispanic Asian White Other 

Number of Households (1000s) 111,477 14,920 13,532 5,552 75,668 1,804 

Percent of Households 

Direct deposit or electronic transfer into bank 

account (Percent) 

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

Yes 86.7 80.3 73.8 88.0 90.3 83.5 

No 

Paper check or money order (Percent) 

13.3 19.7 26.2 12.0 9.7 16.5 

Yes 27.6 22.0 34.0 22.3 28.0 27.9 

No 

Cash (Percent) 

72.4 78.0 66.0 77.7 72.0 72.1 

Yes 7.9 8.3 13.9 7.0 6.9 7.5 

No 

Direct deposit or electronic transfer onto prepaid card 

(Percent) 

92.1 91.7 86.1 93.0 93.1 92.5 

Yes 3.4 7.5 2.9 2.5 2.6 8.0 

No 

Other (Percent) 

96.6 92.5 97.1 97.5 97.4 92.0 

Yes 1.8 2.6 1.8 1.3 1.7 3.5 

No 

Used nonbank check casher (Percent) 

98.2 97.4 98.2 98.7 98.3 96.5 

Yes 1.9 4.7 4.1 0.2 1.1 2.7 

No 

None selected (Percent) 

98.1 95.3 95.9 99.8 98.9 97.3 

Yes 1.6 2.9 1.9 1.3 1.3 2.0 

No 

Any bank method (Percent) 

98.4 97.1 98.1 98.7 98.7 98.0 

Yes 93.2 84.5 85.2 96.3 96.2 89.0 

No 

Only bank methods (Percent) 

6.8 15.5 14.8 3.7 3.8 11.0 

Yes 84.1 75.1 75.3 87.9 87.3 77.0 

No 15.9 24.9 24.7 12.1 12.7 23.0 

Excludes households with missing information on use of prepaid cards or nonbank money orders or check cashers in the past 12 months, on methods used to pay 

bills or receive income, or where the household indicated that it did not pay bills or receive income in a typical month. NA indicates that the sample size is too small 

to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to 

totals because of rounding. 

144
145 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

H.1 Household Characteristics by Use of Bank Methods to Pay Bills and Receive Income in a Typical 

Month, 2017 

For all underbanked households that paid bills and received income in a typical month, column percent 

Characteristics Underbanked group1 Underbanked group 2 

Number of Households (1000s) 10,781 11,423 

Percent of Households 

Family income (Percent) 

100.0 100.0 

Less than $15,000 8.3 18.5 

$15,000 to $30,000 12.3 22.9 

$30,000 to $50,000 22.3 26.2 

$50,000 to $75,000 22.5 17.3 

At least $75,000 

Education (Percent) 

34.5 15.1 

No high school diploma 7.9 16.1 

High school diploma 23.6 31.6 

Some college 30.3 34.4 

College degree 

Age group (Percent) 

38.2 17.9 

15 to 24 years 6.1 10.2 

25 to 34 years 18.5 21.8 

35 to 44 years 19.0 20.3 

45 to 54 years 19.9 17.2 

55 to 64 years 17.9 18.0 

65 years or more 

Race/Ethnicity (Percent) 

18.6 12.5 

Black 17.4 27.9 

Hispanic 16.6 22.1 

Asian 7.2 2.2 

White 57.1 44.9 

Other 

Disability status (Percent) 

1.8 2.9 

Disabled, age 25 to 64 8.3 14.6 

Not disabled, age 25 to 64 67.0 62.6 

Not applicable (not age 25 to 64) 

Monthly income volatility (Percent) 

24.7 22.7 

Income was about the same each month 75.5 66.8 

Income varied somewhat from month to month 19.7 26.0 

Income varied a lot from month to month 4.7 7.1 

Unknown 

Employment status (Percent) 

0.1 -

Employed 68.4 66.9 

Unemployed 2.2 4.3 

Not in labor force 

Homeownership (Percent) 

29.4 28.8 

Homeowner 59.8 38.1 

Non-homeowner 40.2 61.9 
146 | 2017 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households | APPENDIX TABLES 

H.1 Household Characteristics by Use of Bank Methods to Pay Bills and Receive Income in a Typical 

Month, 2017 

For all underbanked households that paid bills and received income in a typical month, column percent 

Characteristics Underbanked group1 Underbanked group 2 

Household type (Percent) 

Married couple 49.7 36.8 

Unmarried female-headed family 12.7 21.1 

Unmarried male-headed family 5.2 8.4 

Female individual 16.4 15.4 

Male individual 15.8 18.1 

Other 

Nativity (Percent) 

0.2 0.1 

U.S.-born 79.1 80.1 

Foreign-born citizen 10.5 8.0 

Foreign-born non-citizen 

Spanish only language spoken (Percent) 

10.3 11.9 

Spanish is not only language spoken 96.0 91.7 

Spanish is only language spoken 

Metropolitan status (Percent) 

4.0 8.3 

Metropolitan area - principal city 30.9 35.7 

Metropolitan area - balance 44.5 34.3 

Not in metropolitan area 11.8 15.2 

Not identified 

Geographic region (Percent) 

12.8 14.9 

Northeast 17.9 15.1 

Midwest 18.1 18.7 

South 40.3 45.6 

West 23.7 20.6 

Excludes households with missing information on whether the household saved for unexpected expenses or emergencies; used one or more mainstream credit 

products; used credit AFS; applied for, was denied, or felt discouraged about applying for a credit card or bank personal loan; or fell behind on bills. Also excludes 

households with missing information on use of prepaid cards or nonbank money orders or check cashers in the past 12 months, on methods used to pay bills or 

receive income, or where the household indicated that it did not pay bills or receive income in a typical month. Households in underbanked group 1 used only 

bank methods to pay bills and receive income in a typical month, while households in underbanked group 2 did not exclusively use bank methods to pay bills and 

receive income in a typical month. NA indicates that the sample size is too small to produce a precise estimate. - indicates an estimate of zero. The population 

proportion may be slightly greater than zero. Estimates do not always reconcile to totals because of rounding. 

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation 

FDIC-038-2018