UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

NORTHERN DISTRICT OF INDIANA

SOUTH BEND DIVISION

MICHELLE R. RODRIQUEZ )

)

Plaintiff, )

)

vs. ) CAUSE NO. 3:16-CV-416-PPS-MGG

)

NANCY BERRYHILL,1 Acting Commissioner )

of the Social Security Administration, )

)

Defendant. )

OPINION AND ORDER

Michelle R. Rodriquez appeals the Social Security Administration’s decision to

deny her application for Social Security disability benefits. An administrative law judge

found that Rodriquez was not disabled within the meaning of the Social Security Act. 

Rodriquez raises a number of challenges to this determination, but I conclude that the

ALJ’s decision was supported by substantial evidence. I will, therefore, affirm the

decision of the ALJ. 

Background

At the time of her hearing before the ALJ, Michelle Rodriquez was 47 years old. 

[DE 9 at 61.]2 She was educated through the 11th grade, never received any further

1

Pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 25(d), Nancy A. Berryhill is

substituted for her predecessor, Carolyn W. Colvin, as defendant in this suit.

2

The administrative record is found in the court record at docket entry 9, and

consists of 1786 pages. I will cite to its pages according to the Court’s Electronic Case

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work training, and did not have a driver’s license. [Id. at 62, 78.] Rodriquez worked in

the past as a production assembler, retail cashier, window assembler, and waitress. [Id.

at 364.] She owned and operated her own day care center for ten years, id. at 63, but

quit in 2010 due to the strain on her back caused by lifting the children, id. at 64. 

Rodriquez has not worked since closing her day care center. [Id. at 63.] She claims that

she is disabled and unable to work because of her back pain, migraines, and bipolar

disorder. [Id. at 74.]

Rodriquez has a history of back pain beginning in 2004. [DE 9 at 737.] She

received nerve blocks, various injections, and medication management in attempts to

alleviate her back pain. [Id. at 612, 629, 635, 1442.] None of the treatments helped lessen

her pain. [Id. at 1442-45.] MRIs taken in 2005 showed that Rodriquez suffered from

degenerative disc disease. [Id. at 454.] Rodriquez underwent three back surgeries

between 2006 and 2007: two on her lower back and one on her cervical spine. [Id. at

96.] These procedures resulted in a diagnosis of “failed back surgery syndrome.” [Id. at

900.] Recently, the radiculopathy in her extremities necessitated a leg surgery to relieve

stress caused by her antalgic gait. [Id. at 86.]

Rodriquez’s record of migraine headaches begins in 2003. [DE 9 at 645.] 

According to Rodriquez, her headaches are constant and get worse with her back pain

or stress. [Id. at 333.] She says she experiences migraine headaches two to three times a

Filing page number, rather than by the Social Security Administration’s Bates stamp

numbers, which don’t begin until page 7 of 1786 as the pages are enumerated in ECF. 

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month. [Id.] Rodriquez went to the emergency room for severe migraines every year

from 2003 to 2012. [DE 17 at 4.] Her migraine pain caused her to seek emergency

treatment every three to four months. [DE 9 at 69.] However, treatment notes from Fall

2012 indicate that Rodriquez was doing well managing her migraines with medication. 

[Id. at 1657.]

Rodriquez also reported problems with “bipolar and a little bit of depression.” 

[Id. at 1374.] She was diagnosed with bipolar disorder nearly fifteen years ago. [Id.] 

While describing her symptoms to consultative examiner Alan Wax, Ph.D., she said that

“[o]ne minute I’m okay and the next minute I’m sad.” [Id.] Dr. Wax reported that

Rodriquez’s “mood and affect were flat, but, as noted, the claimant was heavily

medicated.” [Id. at 1375.] Rodriquez later testified that her bipolar disorder impairs her

work ability because “some things come back to me and I can’t concentrate.” [Id. at 74.]

At the hearing, Rodriquez appeared with crutches prescribed after a recent foot

surgery. [DE 9 at 79.] She testified that she experiences constant back pain that radiates

down both legs. [Id. at 65-66.] She claims that her pain medication is only somewhat

effective in dulling her pain. [Id. at 66.] Even after taking medication, Rodriquez rated

her pain to be a 7 out of 10 at the hearing. [Id.] Rodriquez also testified that she

experiences migraines at least twice a month that each last about four to five hours. [Id.

at 68.] She further claimed that her prescribed migraine medication is effective but

causes short term memory loss. [Id. at 70.] Rodriquez also said that her mental

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deficiencies are exacerbated by her bipolar disorder, which causes shakiness and

twitching that, in turn, prevents her from working. [Id. at 71.] Rodriquez further

testified that she struggles with urination issues and incontinence. [Id. at 84.] 

While describing an average day, Rodriquez said that most of her day consists of

watching television and occasionally visiting with her boyfriend’s brother across the

street. [Id. at 80.] She said she elevates her legs throughout the day to alleviate pain. 

[Id. at 84.] However, she claimed that she retains the ability to push and pull, grip

objects, and complete small household chores like dishes. [Id. at 75, 78.] Rodriquez also

said she is still able to read books, play card games, and attend church. [Id. at 76-77.]

In terms of future treatment, Rodriquez said that her doctors recommend

another back surgery on both her upper and lower back. [Id. at 89.] Although Medicaid

would cover the surgery, Rodriquez refuses to undergo the procedure with anyone

other than her treating physician, Dr. Gottlieb. [Id.]

Rodriquez filed her application for supplemental security income on June 18,

2012, and alleged a disability onset date of December 1, 2011. [DE 9 at 28.] Her claim

was denied initially and upon reconsideration. [Id.] On January 21, 2013, an ALJ held a

video hearing in Fort Wayne, Indiana for which Rodriquez appeared in Elkhart,

Indiana. [Id.] The ALJ then issued an unfavorable decision denying Rodriquez

disability benefits on May 21, 2014. [Id.] 

In reaching her decision, the ALJ used the five-step disability evaluation process.

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At Step One, she found that Rodriquez was not engaging in substantial gainful activity. 

[DE 9 at 30.] At Step Two, the ALJ found that the claimant had the following severe

impairments: degenerative disc disease, osteoarthritis, and migraines. [Id.] However,

she determined at Step Three that these impairments were not “severe” according to 20

C.F.R. Part 404, Subpart P, Appendix 1. [Id. at 34.] The ALJ found that Rodriquez had

the residual functional capacity (“RFC”) to perform light work with frequent fingering,

pushing, and pulling with her left upper extremity and occasional climbing and

balancing. [Id.] At Step Four, the ALJ concluded that Claimant is able to perform her

past relevant work as a production assembler, ultimately concluding that Rodriquez

was not disabled. [Id. at 37.]

Discussion

Rodriquez makes three arguments each of which she believes calls for a remand.

I will consider each argument below, but in doing so I must keep in mind that review of

the Commissioner’s decision is limited. If an ALJ’s findings of fact are supported by

“substantial evidence,” then I must affirm the decision. See 42 U.S.C. § 405(g); Overman

v. Astrue, 546 F.3d 456, 462 (7th Cir. 2008). Substantial evidence consists of “such

relevant evidence as a reasonable mind might accept as adequate to support a

conclusion.” Skinner v. Astrue, 478 F.3d 836, 841 (7th Cir. 2007) (quoting Richardson v.

Perales, 402 U.S. 389, 401 (1971)). In making a substantial evidence determination, I

must review the record as a whole, but I cannot re-weigh the evidence or substitute my

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judgment for that of the ALJ. Id. 

To reach her decision, the ALJ gave “little weight” to the opinion of Rodriquez’s

treating physician, Dr. Jamie Gottlieb. The ALJ found that Rodriquez suffers from

spinal degeneration but otherwise has no significant symptoms that would support Dr.

Gottlieb’s opinions, which the ALJ characterized as “extreme.” [DE 9 at 37.] The ALJ

attributed the most weight to the medical opinion of the state agency physicians who

determined that Rodriquez could perform light work with minimal postural and

environmental restrictions. [Id.] As such, the ALJ found that Rodriquez “has no more

than mild restriction in activities of daily living, no difficulties in social functioning, and

mild difficulties in concentration, persistence, or pace.” [Id. at 33.]

Rodriquez first argues that the ALJ failed to properly evaluate all medical

opinion evidence, primarily the opinion of her treating physician, Dr. Jamie Gottlieb,

DE 17 at 16, who opined that Rodriquez could not work even in a sedentary job and

recommended full disability, DE 9 at 1442. Rodriquez argues that the ALJ did not

engage in the requisite analysis to determine the appropriate weight that should be

given to a treating physician’s opinion. [Id. at 17.] Rodriquez also claims that the ALJ

did not provide specific evidence to show the inconsistency between Dr. Gottlieb’s

opinion and the objective medical evidence. [Id.] At bottom, Rodriquez argues that

remand is necessary because it is unclear how the ALJ decided to give Dr. Gottlieb’s

opinion little weight. [Id. at 20.]

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A treating physician’s medical opinion is generally afforded controlling weight if

it is supported by medically acceptable diagnostic techniques and consistent with the

other medical evidence on record. 20 C.F.R. § 404.1527(d)(2). It is in the ALJ’s purview

to discount the treating physician’s opinion, but she must provide “good reasons” to

explain the weight given to the opinion and support these reasons with evidence. SSR

86-2p, 1996 WL 374188 (July 2, 1996); Scott v. Astrue, 647 F.3d 734, 739 (7th Cir. 2011). 

The ALJ must also consider such factors as the length, nature, and extent of the

treatment relationship, frequency of examination, the physicians’s specialty, and the

types of tests performed. E.g., Moss v. Astrue, 555 F.3d 556, 561 (7th Cir. 2009). I must

allow the ALJ’s decision to stand “so long as the ALJ minimally articulated his

reasons—a very deferential standard that we have, in fact, deemed lax.” Elder v. Astrue,

529 F.3d 408, 415 (7th Cir. 2008) (internal quotation and citation omitted).

Here, the ALJ sufficiently supported her reasoning for affording Dr. Gottlieb’s

opinion only little weight. In September 2011, Dr. Gottlieb provided the following

medical statement:

Michelle Rodriguez has been a patient of mine for prolonged [sic] period

of time. She has undergone laser lumbar and also reconstructive surgery. 

She continues to have significant pain symptoms with adjacent segment

degeneration. She has had injections, medication management without

significant relief. We are going to have to consider possible revision and

surgical reconstruction of both cervical and lumbar spine. Currently, she

routinely has intractable bouts of pain that come on a daily basis. The

only way she can get relieve [sic] is when she lays down for periods of 45

minutes. Given all this, I do not believe she can viably work even sedentary

type job [sic]. I am recommending her full disability.

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[DE 9 at 1442 (emphasis added).] Dr. Gottlieb further opined in September 2012 that

Rodriquez could not walk a single city block, could sit or stand for only five minutes at

a time, and could use her hands and fingers 0-5% of an 8-hour workday. [DE 9 at 1590-

91.] After considering the medical record, the ALJ decided to give little weight to the

opinions of Dr. Gottlieb, explaining that “they are extreme in light of the examination

and treatment records as well as recent diagnostic imaging showing continued spinal

degeneration, but no other significant abnormalities.” [DE 9 at 37.]

The ALJ identified substantial evidence in the record that contradicts Dr.

Gottlieb’s opinion. This evidence includes:

• In September 2012, Rodriquez was observed to sit comfortably in a

chair without needing to walk or move during a consultative

examination with Dr. Frances Dwyer. [DE 9 at 36.]

• Dr. Dwyer opined that while Rodriquez suffered from back pain,

she was able to live independently and would only have a small

amount of disability. [Id.]

• In April 2013, Rodriquez denied back pain and headaches during

an examination. [Id.] The ALJ cited to a doctor’s note that

Rodriquez was “negative for back pain.” [DE 9 at 37 (citing to DE 9

at 1695).]

• In May 2013, Rodriquez had full range of motion in her spine and

extremities and showed only mild lumbar tenderness. [Id.]

• The state agency physicians concluded that Rodriquez was able to

perform light work with few limitations. [Id.]

• Rodriquez testified at the hearing that she was able to use her

hands to wash dishes and play card games. [Id. at 35.]

• Rodriquez’s recent reports of back pain are attributable to re8
injuries, such as slip and falls on ice and a car accident, rather than

resulting from a chronic condition. [Id. at 35-36.]

• Recent diagnostic imaging showed continued spinal degeneration,

but no other significant abnormalities. [Id. at 37.]

• Although it is true that Rodriquez had three surgeries on her back

in 2006 and 2007, she returned to work for three more years after

those surgeries, as the ALJ pointed out. [Id. at 35.]

The Seventh Circuit “upholds all but the most patently erroneous reasons for

discounting a treating physician’s assessment.” Luster v. Astrue, 358 F. App’x 738, 740

(7th Cir. 2010). Moreover, if the evidence is such that reasonable minds could differ on

whether or not the claimant is disabled, the ALJ’s conclusion is not remandable. 

Shideler v. Astrue, 688 F.3d 306, 310 (7th Cir. 2012) (citing Schmidt v. Apfel, 201 F.3d 970,

972 (7th Cir. 2000)). The ALJ identified and discussed several pieces of evidence that

contradicted Dr. Gottlieb’s assessment. I find, therefore, that the ALJ provided a

sufficient explanation for giving Dr. Gottlieb’s opinion only little weight in her decision.

Rodriquez also argues that the ALJ cherry-picked evidence from the record to

support her decision to give Dr. Gottlieb’s opinion little weight. This argument is not

supported by the record. The ALJ stated that there is evidence in the record that

“somewhat support[s] [Rodriquez’s] allegations. However, more recent imaging has

shown few abnormalities and her presentation has been somewhat questionable.” [DE

9 at 37.] The ALJ clearly acknowledged Rodriquez’s medical history and past back

surgeries, but decided that the evidence was too inconsistent to find Rodriquez

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disabled.

Rodriquez further argues that the ALJ did not consider the regulatory factors set

out in 20 C.F.R. § 416.927(c) when she discounted the limitations Dr. Gottlieb placed on

Rodriquez. While the ALJ did not announce that she was addressing the factors and

evaluate them consecutively, the ALJ acknowledged many of the factors in her opinion. 

She noted that Dr. Gottlieb performed one of Rodriquez’s surgeries in 2007, thus

recognizing his speciality as a back surgeon. [DE 9 at 31.] She also stated that

Rodriquez continued to have regular follow-up appointments with Dr. Gottlieb through

2012. [Id. at 31.] Therefore, the ALJ acknowledged the longstanding doctor-patient

relationship. The ALJ considered the factors that she was required to consider. 

I concede that it is a close call whether the ALJ should have rejected the opinion

of the treating physician. But if the standard of review is to mean anything, then in

cases like this one where the ALJ supports her findings with substantial evidence, even

when it contradicts the opinion of the treating physician, my press box view of the case

should yield to the ALJ’s on-the-field perspective. Because the ALJ supported her

rejection of the treating doctor with substantial evidence, Rodriquez’s first argument

must be rejected.

Second, Rodriquez argues that the ALJ improperly discounted her testimony for

reasons that are patently wrong. [DE 17 at 20.] She argues that the ALJ discredited her

allegations by “finding inconsistencies where they did not actually exist, and even

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mischaracterizing [Rodriquez’s] testimony.” [Id. at 21.] The ALJ’s credibility

determinations are entitled to deference because the ALJ is “in a special position to

hear, see, and assess witnesses.” Murphy v. Colvin, 759 F.3d 811, 815 (7th Cir. 2014). But

courts have more freedom to review credibility determinations when they are based on

objective factors. Clifford v. Apfel, 227 F.3d 863, 871 (7th Cir. 2000). In the end, I will

reverse an ALJ’s credibility finding only if the claimant can show that it was patently

wrong. Powers v. Apfel, 207 F.3d 431, 435 (7th Cir. 2000) (emphasis added).

In this case, the ALJ adequately explained why she discredited some of

Rodriquez’s allegations and her explanation was not unreasonable. Many of the

inconsistencies that the ALJ identified between Rodriquez’s account of her symptoms

and the record have already been discussed. This included her conflicting hearing

testimony, the likelihood that flare-ups in Rodriquez’s back pain were due to re-injury

rather than a chronic condition, and evidence of recent improvement. [Id. at 35-37.] 

Rodriquez claimed that she required an assistive device to walk but “was observed and

was not using the cane and was walking without a limp” when approaching the

building for her consultative examination with Dr. Frances Dwyer in September 2012. 

[Id. at 1378.] The ALJ also found that the Rodriquez made contradictory statements to

medical personnel. At the Elkhart General Hospital emergency room, Rodriquez stated

that she was sent home from her recent visit to Unity Hospital because the doctor was

on vacation, but the record shows that the treating physician wanted her to stay one

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more day and she insisted on leaving. [Id. at 36.]

Rodriquez also testified that she retained the ability to perform certain household

chores and leisurely activities. The ALJ is allowed to consider whether the claimant’s

daily activities are inconsistent with her alleged inability to work outside of the home. 

Oakes v. Astrue, 258 F. App’x 38, 43 (7th Cir. 2007). Rodriquez argues that the ALJ

mischaracterized her testimony regarding the use of her hands. [DE 17 at 22.] 

According to Rodriquez, the ALJ erroneously claimed that Rodriquez testified she is not

able to hold a cup of coffee without dropping it but later stated that she is able to wash

the dishes. [Id.] Rodriquez argues that the ALJ was creating inconsistency in her

testimony in order to discredit her allegations. [Id. at 23.] She says that the ALJ “may

have assessed more restrictive limitations in hand-use” had she correctly interpreted the

testimony. [DE 23 at 4.] But the testimony does not support what Rodriquez suggests

in her brief. Rodriquez testified, “I picked [a cup of coffee] up and it fell all over me. 

And that’s happened a lot.” [Id. at 71.] Rodriquez now says that she was referring to an

isolated incident, DE 17 at 22, but that is not what her hearing testimony says. The ALJ

was not creating inconsistency among Rodriquez’s allegations.

In addition, a claimant must do more than point to a different conclusion that the

ALJ may have reached to show that the credibility determination is patently wrong. 

Jones v. Astrue, 623 F.3d 1155, 1162 (7th Cir. 2010). The ALJ did, in fact, include other

evidence of Rodriquez’s poor fine manipulative skills described in Dr. Dwyer’s

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treatment notes. [DE 9 at 34.] The ALJ reached her determination after weighing the

complete record and I cannot reweigh the evidence anew and impose my own

judgment above that of the ALJ. Ketelboeter v. Astrue, 550 F.3d 620, 624 (7th Cir. 2008).

While there are some gaps in her reasoning, the ALJ did provide “some

legitimate reason for [her] decision” and built a logical bridge from the evidence to her

conclusion. Clifford v. Apfel, 227 F.3d 863, 872 (7th Cir. 2000). The Seventh Circuit has

held that even a minor discrepancy among a claimant’s statements coupled with

observations of the claimant during the hearing is sufficient to support an ALJ’s

credibility finding. Bates v. Colvin, 736 F.3d 1093, 1098 (7th Cir. 2013) (citing Powers v.

Apfel, 207 F.3d 431, 435 (7th Cir. 2000)). What’s more, a credibility determination is

patently wrong only when it lacks any explanation or support. Elder v. Astrue, 529 F.3d

408, 413-14 (7th Cir. 2008) (emphasis added). I cannot reverse the ALJ’s credibility

determination merely because reasonable minds could differ on the credibility of

Rodriquez’s subjective statements. Id. (citing Jens v. Barnhart, 347 F.3d 209, 212 (7th Cir.

2003)). Therefore, I find Rodriquez’s second argument unpersuasive.

Finally, Rodriquez argues that the ALJ erred in her RFC determination by failing

to account for Rodriquez’s urinary frequency and incontinence. [DE 17 at 23.] 

Rodriquez claims that remand is necessary because the ALJ’s hypotheticals posed to the

vocational expert (“VE”) did not fully set forth her impairments. [Id. at 24.] However,

she concedes earlier in her brief that the ALJ never reached Step Five of the analysis

13
because Rodriquez’s claim for benefits was denied upon the ALJ’s Step Four finding. 

[Id. at 16.] But even if the ALJ had reached that step in the disability evaluation where

the burden shifts to the Commissioner, it remains the claimant’s burden to prove the

existence of a disability. See 20 C.F.R. § 404.1512; Halvorsen v. Heckler, 743 F.2d 1221,

1225 (7th Cir. 1984). It is true that the ALJ must present all impairments that are

supported by the medical evidence, Herron v. Shalala, 19 F.3d 329, 337 (7th Cir. 1994),

but the ALJ only has to present those limitations to the VE that she finds credible. 

Schmidt v. Astrue, 496 F.3d 833, 846 (7th Cir. 2007).

Rodriquez claims that the ALJ ignored the evidence of her incontinence issues,

DE 17 at 24, but this is simply untrue. The ALJ questioned Rodriquez about her urinary

issues at the hearing. [DE 9 at 88.] Rodriquez’s answers to the ALJ’s follow-up

questions established that Rodriquez’s bladder issues affect her mostly at night, which

would not affect her ability to hold a job. [Id.] It is the claimant’s duty to present her

best case, see Skinner v. Astrue, 478 F.3d 836, 842 (7th Cir. 2007), so she should have

expanded on the limitation her incontinence issues place on her ability to work to the

extent that was the case. And although the ALJ has a duty to develop the

administrative record, it is the ALJ who determines how much evidence is enough. See

Kendrick v. Shalala, 998 F.2d 455, 457 (7th Cir. 1993). The ALJ’s follow-up questions

discharged this duty. 

From this testimony and the rest of the objective medical evidence, the ALJ

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concluded that Rodriquez’s bladder issues were not limiting enough to present to the

VE. She was required only to incorporate impairments into her hypotheticals that she

found credible. Schmidt v. Astrue, 496 F.3d 833, 846 (7th Cir. 2007) (finding that the ALJ

posed appropriate hypothetical questions to the VE that did not include additional

mental and physical limitations alleged by the claimant). Accordingly, the ALJ did not

err by failing to account for Rodriquez’s urinary issues within her hypotheticals

directed to the VE.

Conclusion

In sum, the ALJ’s conclusion that Rodriquez was not disabled during the

relevant time period is supported by the evidence highlighted in her opinion. And even

if reasonable minds could differ concerning whether Rodriquez was disabled, I must

defer to the ALJ’s decision so long as it is adequately supported, as it is in this case. 

Elder v. Astrue, 529 F.3d 408, 413 (7th Cir. 2008).

ACCORDINGLY:

The final decision of the Commissioner of Social Security denying plaintiff

Michelle R. Rodriquez’s application for a period of disability and disability insurance

benefits is AFFIRMED.

The Clerk shall enter judgment in favor of Defendant and against Plaintiff.

SO ORDERED.

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ENTERED: August 2, 2017.

 s/ Philip P. Simon 

PHILIP P. SIMON, JUDGE

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

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