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ARS Home Midwest Area Wooster, Ohio Application Technology Research Horticulture







Production Technologiesheadline bar Par-boiled rice hulls for use as perlite replacement and silicon supply.
Measuring leaf temperature in pathogen-exposed plants.
Scanning electron microscope image of hydrogel particle.**Plant Nutrition and Health (71 articles)****Light, Temperature, and CO2 (31 articles)****Photosynthesis (7 articles)****Substrates (48 articles)****Spray Technology (9 articles)****Miscellaneous (5 articles)****Plant Nutrition and Health**Comparison of supplemental lighting from high-pressure sodium lamps or light-emitting diodes on morphology and nutrient uptake of greenhouse crops (2022)[Summary][Full Paper]A meta-analysis of the combined effects of elevated carbon dioxide and chronic warming on plant %N, protein content and N-uptake rate (2021)   [Summary][Full Paper]Silicon Modulates Expression of Pathogen Defense-related Genes During Alleviation of Copper Toxicity in *Nicotiana tabacum* (2021)[Summary][Full Paper]Petunia (*Petunia*x*hybrida*) Cultivars Vary in Silicon Accumulation and Distribution (2021)[Summary][Full Paper]Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Chronic Warming Together Decrease Nitrogen Uptake Rate, Net Translocation, and Assimilation in Tomato (2021)[Summary][Full Paper]*Cauliflower mosaic virus* P6 Inclusion Body Formation: A dynamic and Intricate Process (2021)[Summary][Full Paper]Effects of Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Chronic Warming on Nitrogen (N)-Uptake Rate, -Assimilation, and -Concentration of Wheat (2020)[Summary][Full Paper]Storage Procedures Affect pH, Electrical Conductivity, and Nutrient Concentrations of Pour-through Leachate from Pine Bark and Peatbased Substrates (2020)[Summary][Full Paper]Salt Tolerance of Hydrangea Plants Varied among Species and Cultivar within a Species (2020)[Summary][Full Paper]Morphological and Physiological Responses of *Cornus alba* to Salt and Drought Stresses under Greenhouse Conditions (2020)[Summary][Full Paper]Effects of Electrical Conductivity, pH, and Foliar Application of Calcium Chloride on Yield and Tipburn of *Lactuca sativa* Grown Using the Nutrient–Film Technique (2020)[Summary][Full Paper]Effect of Drought and Carbon Dioxide on Nutrient Uptake and Levels of Nutrient-uptake Proteins in Roots of Barley (2020)[Summary][Full Paper]Dolomite and Micronutrient Fertilizer Affect Phosphorus Fate When Growing Crape Myrtle in Pine Bark (2020)[Summary][Full Paper]Blue Radiation Interacts with Green Radiation to Influence Growth and Predominantly Controls Quality Attributes of Lettuce (2020)[Summary][Full Paper]Timing of a Short-Term Reduction in Temperature and Irradiance Affects Growth and Flowering of Four Annual Bedding Plants (2019)[Summary][Full Paper]Cold Hardiness of Grevillea in Western Oregon (2019)[Summary][Full Paper]Silicon Alleviates Long-term Copper Toxicity and Influences Gene Expression in *Nicotiana tabacum* (2019)[Summary][Full Paper]Dolomite and Micronutrient Fertilizer Affect Phosphorus Fate in Pine Bark Substrate used for Containerized Nursery Crop Production (2019)[Summary][Full Paper]Comparison of Supplemental Lighting Provided by High-pressure Sodium Lamps or Light-emitting Diodes for the Propagation and Finishing of Bedding Plants in a Commercial Greenhouse (2019)[Summary][Full Paper]Growth Response, Mineral Nutrition, and Water Utilization of Container-grown Woody Ornamentals Grown in Biochar-amended Pine Bark (2018)[Summary][Full Paper]Radiation Intensity and Quality from Sole-source Light-emitting Diodes Affect Seedling Quality and Subsequent Flowering of Long-day Bedding Plant Species (2018)[Summary][Full Paper]Responses of Marigold Cultivars to Saline Water Irrigation (2018)[Summary][Full Paper]Short-term Reductions in Irradiance and Temperature Minimally Affect Growth and Development of Five Floriculture Species (2018)[Summary][Full Paper]Effects of Drought on Nutrient Uptake and the Levels of Nutrient-Uptake Proteins in Roots of Drought-Sensitive and -Tolerant Grasses (2018)[Summary][Full Paper]Silicon Accumulation and Distribution in Petunia and Sunflower Grown in a Rice Hull-amended Substrate (2018)[Summary][Full Paper]Irrigation Water Acidification to Neutralize Alkalinity for Nursery Crop Production: Substrate pH, Electrical Conductivity, Nutrient Concentrations,and Plant Nutrition and Growth (2017)[Summary][Full Paper]High Rates of Gasified Rice Hull Biochar Affect Geranium and Tomato Growth in a Soilless Substrate[Summary][Full Paper]Elevated CO2 Plus Chronic Warming Reduce Nitrogen Uptake and Levels or Activities of Nitrogen-uptake and -Assimilatory Proteins in Tomato Root (2017)[Summary][Full Paper]Effect of Rice Hull Mulch on Nutrient Concentration of Fertilized Irrigation Water (2017)[Summary][Full Paper]Light Intensity and Quality from Sole-source Light-emitting Diodes Impact Growth, Morphology, and Nutrient Content of *Brassica* Microgreens (2016)[Summary][Full Paper]Dolomitic Lime Amendment Affects Pine Bark Substrate pH, Nutrient Availability, and Plant Growth A Review (2016)[Summary][Full Paper]Micronutrient Availability from Steel slag Amendment in Peatmoss Substrates (2015)[Summary][Full Paper]Steel Slag Raises pH of Greenhouse Substrates (2015)[Summary][Full Paper]Substrate pH and Butterfly Bush Response to Dolomitic Lime or Steel Slag Amendment (2015)[Summary][Full Paper]Sample Container and Storage Temperature for Paclobutrazol Monitoring in Irrigation Water (2015)[Summary][Full Paper]Continuing Assessment of the 5-Day Sodium Carbonate- Ammonium Nitrate Extraction Assay as an Indicator Test for Silicon Fertilizers (2015) [Summary][Full Paper]Mean Daily Temperature Regulates Plant Quality Attributes of Annual Ornamental Plants (2014)[Summary] [Full Paper]Effect of Biochar Type on Macronutrient Retention and Release from Soilless Substrate (2013)[Summary] [Full Paper]Gasified Rice Hull Biochar Affects Nutrition and Growth of Horticultural Crops in Container Substrates (2013)[Summary] [Full Paper]Fertilizer Applications for Container-Grown Ornamental Tree Production (2013)[Summary] [Full Paper]Gasified Rice Hull Biochar is a Source of Phosphorus and Potassium for Container-Grown Plants (2013)[Summary][Full Paper]Uptake Efficiency of Phosphorus (2013)[Summary] [Full Paper]Nutrient Disorders of 'Evolution' Mealy-cup Sage (2012)[Summary] [Full Paper]Biochar Affects Macronutrient Leaching from a Soilless Substrate (2012)[Summary][Full Paper]How much water and nitrogen is wasted when irrigating with a hose? (2012)[Summary][Popular Press Article]Differential Response of Liverwort (*Marchantia polymorpha*) Tissue to POST-Applied Quinoclamine (2011)[Summary] [Full Paper]Seedling geranium response to nitrogen deprivation and subsequent recovery in hydroponic culture (2011) [Summary][Full Paper]Silicon Differentially Influences Copper Toxicity Response in Silicon-accumulator and Non-accumulator Species (2011)[Summary][Full Paper]Elevated CO2 Affects Plant Responses to Variation in Boron Availability (2011)[Summary][Full Paper]Characterization of Nutrient Disorders of *Lilium longiflorum* 'Nellie White' and *Lilium* Hybrid 'Brunello' (2011)[Summary][Full Paper]Nutrient Disorder Symptomology and Foliar Concentrations of *Clerodendrum thomsoniae*(2011)[Summary][Full Paper]Characterization of Nutrient Disorders of *Primula acaulis* 'Danova Rose' (2011)[Summary][Full Paper]Characterization of Nutrient Disorders of *Pericallis x hybrida* 'Jester Pure Blue' (2011)[Summary][Full Paper]Characterization of Nutrient Disorders of Pot Rose 'Karina Parade' (2011)[Summary][Full Paper]Incidence of Boron Deficiency in Bedding Plants Caused by Drought Stress or Abscisic Acid Application (2011)[Summary][Full Paper]Boron Distribution and the Effect of Lime on Boron Uptake by Pansy, Petunia and Gerbera Plants (2011)[Summary][Full Paper]Growth, Partitioning, and Nutrient and Carbohydrate Concentration of *Petunia x hybrida* Vilm. are Influenced by Altering Light, CO2, and Fertility (2011)[Summary][Full Paper]Growth, Flowering, and Cold Hardiness of Rockrose in Western Oregon (2010)[Summary][FullPaper]Characterization of Calcium and Boron Deficiency and the Effects of Temporal Disruption of Calcium and Boron Supply on Pansy, Petunia, and Gerbera Plugs (2009)[Summary][Full Paper]Gerbera Leaf Tissue Nutrient Sufficiency Ranges by Chronological Age (2009)[Summary][Full Paper]Characterization of Nutrient Disorders of Gerbera Hybrid 'Festival Light Eye Pink' (2009)[Summary][Full Paper]Sudden Substrate pH Decline (2009) [Popular Press Article] Substrate Acidification by Geranium (*Pelargonium x hortorum*): Temperature Effects (2008)[Summary][Full Paper][Popular Press Article]Substrate Acidification by Geranium (*Pelargonium x hortorum*): Light Effects and Phosphorus Uptake (2008)[Summary][Full Paper][Popular Press Article]Phosphorus Deficiency in *Pelargonium*: Effects on Nitrate and Ammonium Uptake and Acidity Generation (2010)[Summary][Full Paper]Influence of Silicon on Resistance of *Zinnia**elegans* to *Myzus persicae*(2009)[Summary][Full Paper]Alleviation of Copper Toxicity in *Arabidopsis thaliana* by Silicon Addition to Hydroponic Solutions (2008)[Summary][Full Paper]Using Leaf Temperature to Detect Root Rot Stress in Geranium (2007)[Summary][Full Paper]Applied Nitrogen Concentration Affects Growth of Elatior Begonia and New Guinea Impatiens, and Susceptibility of Begonia to Grey Mold (2007)[Summary][Full Paper]Maximising Hydroponic Lettuce Yields (2004)[Popular Press Article]Exploring the Limits of Crop Productivity: Beyond the Limits of Tipburn in Lettuce (2004)[Summary][Full Paper]**Light, Temperature, and CO2**Optimization of spatial lighting uniformity using nonplanar arrays and photosynthetic photon flux density modulation (2022)  [Summary][Full Paper]Response of hydroponic baby leaf greens to LED and HPS supplemental lighting (2022)  [Summary][Full Paper]Comparison of supplemental lighting from high-pressure sodium lamps or light-emitting diodes on morphology and nutrient uptake of greenhouse crops (2022)  [Summary][Full Paper]Photosynthetic responses of greenhouse ornamentals to interaction of irradiance, carbon dioxide concentration, and temperature (2022)  [Summary][Full Paper]Modeling natural light availability in skyscraper farms (2021)[Summary][Full Paper]A meta-analysis of the combined effects of elevated carbon dioxide and chronic warming on plant %N, protein content and N-uptake rate (2021)   [Summary][Full Paper]Lower Temperature Influences *Cauliflower mosaic virus* Systemic Infection (2021)[Summary][Full Paper]Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Chronic Warming Together Decrease Nitrogen Uptake Rate, Net Translocation, and Assimilation in Tomato (2021)[Summary][Full Paper]Effects of Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Chronic Warming on Nitrogen (N)-Uptake Rate, -Assimilation, and -Concentration of Wheat (2020)[Summary][Full Paper]Effect of Drought and Carbon Dioxide on Nutrient Uptake and Levels of Nutrient-uptake Proteins in Roots of Barley (2020)[Summary][Full Paper]Blue Radiation Interacts with Green Radiation to Influence Growth and Predominantly Controls Quality Attributes of Lettuce (2020)[Summary][Full Paper]Timing of a Short-Term Reduction in Temperature and Irradiance Affects Growth and Flowering of Four Annual Bedding Plants (2019)[Summary][Full Paper]Comparison of Supplemental Lighting Provided by High-pressure Sodium Lamps or Light-emitting Diodes for the Propagation and Finishing of Bedding Plants in a Commercial Greenhouse (2019)[Summary][Full Paper]Radiation Intensity and Quality from Sole-source Light-emitting Diodes Affect Seedling Quality and Subsequent Flowering of Long-day Bedding Plant Species (2018)[Summary][Full Paper]Short-term Reductions in Irradiance and Temperature Minimally Affect Growth and Development of Five Floriculture Species (2018)[Summary][Full Paper]Elevated CO2 Plus Chronic Warming Reduce Nitrogen Uptake and Levels or Activities of Nitrogen-uptake and -Assimilatory Proteins in Tomato Root (2017)[Summary][Full Paper]Light Intensity and Quality from Sole-source Light-emitting Diodes Impact Growth, Morphology, and Nutrient Content of *Brassica* Microgreens (2016)[Summary][Full Paper]Light Intensity and Quality from Sole-source Light-emitting Diodes Impact Growth, Morphology, and Nutrient Content of Brassica Microgreens (2016)[Summary][Full Paper]Mean Daily Temperature Regulates Plant Quality Attributes of Annual Ornamental Plants (2014)[Summary] [Full Paper]Uptake Efficiency of Phosphorus (2013)[Summary] [Full Paper]The Rise and Fall of Carbon Dioxide (2012)[Summary] [Full Paper]Using Flowering and Heat-Loss Models for Improving Greenhouse Energy-Use Efficiency in Annual Bedding Plant Production (2012)[Summary] [Full Paper]Long-Term Effects of Short-Term Ultraviolet Light Exposure on Greenhouse Seedlings (2011)[Poster Presentation]Elevating Carbon Dioxide in a Commercial Greenhouse Reduced Overall Fuel Carbon Consumption and Production Cost When Used in Conjunction with Cool Temperatures for Lettuce Production (2011)[Summary][Full Paper]Elevated CO2 Affects Plant Responses to Variation in Boron Availability (2011)[Summary][Full Paper]Energy-Efficient Greenhouse Production of *Petunia* and *Tagetes* by Manipulation of Temperature and Photosynthetic Daily Light Integral (2011)[Summary][Full Paper]Growth, Partitioning, and Nutrient and Carbohydrate Concentration of *Petunia x hybrida* Vilm. are Influenced by Altering Light, CO2, and Fertility (2011)[Summary][Full Paper]Energy Efficient Annuals: Scheduling Bedding Plants (2009)[Popular Press Article]Rethinking Acclimation of Growth and Maintenance Respiration of Tomato in Elevated CO2: Effects of a Sudden Change in Light at Different Temperatures (2007)[Summary][Full Paper]Night Temperature has a Minimal Effect on Respiration and Growth in Rapidly Growing Plants  (2004)[Summary][Full Paper]Rice: Characterizing the Environmental Response of a Gibberellic Acid-Deficient Rice for Use as a Model Crop (2004)[Summary][Full Paper]**Photosynthesis**Optimization of spatial lighting uniformity using nonplanar arrays and photosynthetic photon flux density modulation (2022)[Summary][Full Paper]Photosynthetic responses of greenhouse ornamentals to interaction of irradiance, carbon dioxide concentration, and temperature (2022)[Summary][Full Paper]Photosynthesis, Growth, and Water Use of *Hydrangea paniculata* ‘Silver Dollar’ Using a Physiological‐based or a Substrate Physical Properties‐based Irrigation Schedule and a Biochar Substrate Amendment (2020)[Summary][Full Paper]A Model of Canopy Photosynthesis Incorporating Protein Distribution Through the Canopy and Its Acclimation to Light, Temperature and CO2(2010)[Summary][Full Paper]Consideration for Accurate Whole Plant Photosynthesis Measurement (2008)[Summary][Full Paper]Acclimation of Plant Populations to Shade: Photosynthesis, Respiration, and Carbon Use Efficiency (2005)[Summary][Full Paper]Real-Time Imaging of Ground Cover: Relationships with Radiation Capture, Canopy Photosynthesis, and Daily Growth Rate (2004)[Summary][Full Paper]**Substrates**The pour-through procedure for monitoring container substrate chemical properties: a review (2021)[Summary][Full Paper]Substrate stratification: Layering unique substrates within a container increases resource efficiency without impacting growth of shrub rose (2021)[Summary][Full Paper]Soilless substrate science: a North American needs assessment to steer soilless substrate research into the future (2021)[Summary][Full Paper]Relationship between particle size summation curves and the moisture characteristic curve for soilless substrates (2021)[Summary][Full Paper]Storage Procedures Affect pH, Electrical Conductivity, and Nutrient Concentrations of Pour-through Leachate from Pine Bark and Peatbased Substrates (2020)[Summary][Full Paper]Photosynthesis, Growth, and Water Use of *Hydrangea paniculata* ‘Silver Dollar’ Using a Physiological‐based or a Substrate Physical Properties‐based Irrigation Schedule and a Biochar Substrate Amendment (2020)[Summary][Full Paper]Optimizing Substrate Available Water and Coir Amendment Rate in Pine Bark Substrates (2020)[Summary][Full Paper]Dolomite and Micronutrient Fertilizer Affect Phosphorus Fate When Growing Crape Myrtle in Pine Bark (2020)[Summary][Full Paper]Water and Air Relations in Propagation Substrates (2019)[Summary][Full Paper]Dolomite and Micronutrient Fertilizer Affect Phosphorus Fate in Pine Bark Substrate used for Containerized Nursery Crop Production (2019)[Summary][Full Paper]Evaluating On-demand Irrigation Systems for Container-grown Woody Plants Grown in Biochar-amended Pine Bark (2018)[Summary][Full Paper]Growth Response, Mineral Nutrition, and Water Utilization of Container-grown Woody Ornamentals Grown in Biochar-amended Pine Bark (2018)[Summary][Full Paper]Influence of Substrate Physical Properties on Container Weed Germination (2018)[Summary][Full Paper]Initial Substrate Moisture Content and Storage Temperature Affect Chemical Properties of Bagged Substrates Containing Poultry Litter Fertilizer (2018)[Summary][Full Paper]Integrating Moisture Characteristic Curves with Gravimetric Data in the Management of Substrate Moisture Content for Annual Vinca (2018)[Summary][Full Paper]Lime Rate Affects Substrate pH and Container-grown Birch Trees (2018)[Summary][Full Paper]Physical and Hydraulic Properties of Commercial Pine-bark Substrate Products Used in Production of Containerized Crops (2018)[Summary][Full Paper]Pyrolysis Temperature and Heating Time Affect Rice Hull Biochar Properties (2018)[Summary][Full Paper]Silicon Accumulation and Distribution in Petunia and Sunflower Grown in a Rice Hull-amended Substrate (2018)[Summary][Full Paper]Irrigation Water Acidification to Neutralize Alkalinity for Nursery Crop Production: Substrate pH, Electrical Conductivity, Nutrient Concentrations, and Plant Nutrition and Growth (2017)[Summary][Full Paper]High Rates of Gasified Rice Hull Biochar Affect Geranium and Tomato Growth in a Soilless Substrate (2017)[Summary][Full Paper]Effect of Rice Hull Mulch on Nutrient Concentration of Fertilized Irrigation Water (2017)[Summary][Full Paper]Rice Hull Mulch Affects Germination of Bittercress and Creeping Woodsorrel in Container Plant Culture(2016)[Summary][Full Paper]Dolomitic Lime Amendment Affects Pine Bark Substrate pH, Nutrient Availability, and Plant Growth A Review (2016)[Summary][Full Paper]Micronutrient Availability from Steel slag Amendment in Peatmoss Substrates (2015)[Summary][Full Paper]Substrate pH and Butterfly Bush Response to Dolomitic Lime or Steel Slag Amendment (2015)[Summary][Full Paper]Steel Slag Raises pH of Greenhouse Substrates (2015)[Summary] [Full Paper]Influence of Pine Bark Particle Size and pH on Cation Exchange Capacity (2014)[Summary] [Full Paper]Effect of Biochar Type on Macronutrient Retention and Release from Soilless Substrate (2013)[Summary] [Full Paper]Gasified Rice Hull Biochar Affects Nutrition and Growth of Horticultural Crops in Container Substrates (2013)[Summary] [Full Paper]Change in Physical Properties of Pine Bark and Switchgrass Substrates Over Time (2012)[Summary] [Full Paper]Substituting Pine Wood for Pine Bark Affects Physical Properties of Nursery Substrates (2012)[Summary] [Full Paper]Use of Ground Wheat Straw in Container Nursery Substrates to Overwinter Daylily Divisions (2012)[Summary] [Full Paper]Effect of Volumetric Water Content and Clover (*Trifolium incarnatum*) on the Survival of *Escherichia coli* O157:H7 in a Soil Matrix (2012)[Summary] [Full Paper]Biochar Affects Macronutrient Leaching from a Soilless Substrate (2012)[Summary][Full Paper]Influence of Pumice and Plants Roots on Substrate Physical Properties Over Time (2011)[Summary] [Full Paper]Use of Ground Miscanthus Straw in Container Nursery Substrates (2011)[Summary][Full Paper]Impact of Composted Dairy Manure on pH Management and Physical Properties of Soilless Substrate (2011)[Summary][Full Paper]Modification of Switchgrass Substrate pH Using Compost, Peatmoss, and Elemental Sulfur (2010)[Summary][Full Paper]Use of Processed Biofuel Crops for Nursery Substrates (2010)[Summary][Full Paper]Polyacrylamide Hydrogel Properties for Horticultural Applications  (2010)[Summary][Full Paper]Use of Switchgrass as a Nursery Container Substrate (2009)[Summary][Full Paper][Popular Press Article]Comparison of Irrigation, Leachate, and Tree Growth Between Soilless and Coal Ash Based Media (2009)[Summary][Full Paper]Evaluating Performance and Stability of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) and Cellulose Polymer as Soilless Mix Components (2009)[Summary][Full Paper]Investigation of Drainage and Plant Growth from Nursery Container Substrate (2007)[Summary][Full Paper]Improving Growth of *Calibrachoa x hybrid* (Cerv.) in Hanging Flower Pouches (2007)[Summary][Full Paper]Performance and Theoretical Advantages of Polyacrylamide Hydrogel (2005)[Summary][Full Paper]Suppression of Botrytis of Begonia by *Trichoderma hamatum* 382 in Peat and Compost-Amended Potting Mixes (2005)[Summary][Full Paper]**Spray Technology**Efficacy of Preemergence Herbicides Over Time (2019)[Summary][Full Paper]Sample Container and Storage Temperature for Paclobutrazol Monitoring in Irrigation Water (2015)[Summary][Full Paper]Fate of Pre-emergence Herbicide Applications Sprayed Through Containerized Hydrangea Canopies (2012)[Summary] [Full Paper]Optimal Spray Application Rates for Ornamental Nursery Liner Production (2011)[Summary] [Full Paper]Distribution of Chemical and Microbial Pesticides Delivered Through Irrigation Systems (2011)
[Summary][Book Chapter]Control of Butterfly Bush with Postemergence Herbicides (2010)[Summary][Full Paper]Evaporation and Coverage Area of Pesticide Droplets on Hairy and Waxy Leaves (2009)[Summary][Full Paper]Delivery of Chemical and Microbial Pesticides from Drip Irrigation Emitters (2009)[Summary][Full Paper]Comparing Greenhouse Handgun Delivery to Poinsettias by Spray Volume and Quality (2008)[Summary][Full Paper]**Miscellaneous**Research Priorities of the Environmental Horticultural Industry Founded through Consensus (2019)[Summary][Full Paper]New Technology Development In Water Treatment(2016)[Summary][Full Paper]How Much Water and Nitrogen is Wasted When a Hose is Used? (2012)[Summary][Popular Press Article]Developing Moisture Characteristic Curves and Their Descriptive Functions at Low Tensions for Soilless Substrates (2010)[Summary][Full Paper]Virtual Grower: Software to Calculate Heating Costs of Greenhouse Production in the U.S.  (2010)[Summary][Full Paper]Target Region Amplification Polymorphism (TRAP) as a Tool for Detecting Genetic Variation in Genus *Pelargonium*  (2007)[Summary][Full Paper]


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