1 This memorandum opinion was not selected for publication in the New Mexico Reports. Please

2 see Rule 12-405 NMRA for restrictions on the citation of unpublished memorandum opinions. 

3 Please also note that this electronic memorandum opinion may contain computer-generated

4 errors or other deviations from the official paper version filed by the Court of Appeals and does

5 not include the filing date. 

6 IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF NEW MEXICO

7 FRANK E. DUTCHER,

8 Worker-Appellee,

9 v. NO. 30,854

10 LABOR CONCEPTS, INC. 

11 and DALLAS NATIONAL 

12 INSURANCE COMPANY,

13 Employer/Insurer-Appellant.

14 APPEAL FROM THE WORKERS’ COMPENSATION ADMINISTRATION

15 Gregory D. Griego, Workers’ Compensation Judge

16 Gerald A. Hanrahan

17 Albuquerque, NM

18 for Appellee

19 Paul L. Civerolo, L.L.P.

20 Paul L. Civerolo

21 Albuquerque, NM

22 for Appellant

23 MEMORANDUM OPINION

24 VIGIL, Judge.
2

1 Employer appeals a compensation order. In our notice, we proposed to dismiss

2 the appeal as the record indicated that Employer had filed a complaint and had the

3 case reopened. Employer has timely responded. We have considered its arguments

4 and not being persuaded, we dismiss.

5 Employer argues that the order it appealed from is a final, appealable order as

6 it adjudicates the respective rights between the “current” parties. While it is true that

7 the only parties to this case are Worker and Employer, it appears that the issue

8 regarding the status of Wilger Enterprises in relation to Worker’s job was raised and

9 litigated. The Worker’s Compensation Judge (WCJ) found that Wilger was a special

10 employer. [RP 67, 122-123] However, because Wilger had not been made a party to

11 the action, the WCJ did not rule on its liability. After the compensation order was

12 entered, Employer filed its complaint to bring Wilger into the case and ask the WCJ

13 to determine its liability.

14 We view that complaint as having the effect of reopening the case, thus making

15 the compensation order non-final. See Bianco v. Horror One Prods.,

16 2009-NMSC-006, 145 N.M. 551, 202 P.3d 810 (allowing for the filing of motions for

17 reconsideration in workers’ compensation cases and determining that an appeal filed

18 after the ruling on the motion was timely). Until the WCJ rules on the matters raised

19 in Employer’s complaint, the compensation order is not final. Cf. Grygorwicz v.
3

1 Trujillo, 2009-NMSC-009, ¶ 8, 145 N.M. 650, 203 P.3d 865 (stating that when a post2 judgment motion is filed that could alter or amend a judgment, the judgment is no

3 longer final for purposes of appeal).

4 Employer contends that its complaint is collateral to the underlying action and

5 the compensation order. We disagree. The docketing statement raises as issues from

6 the compensation order alleged error on the part of the WCJ in awarding safety device

7 increases and sanctions against it when it was Wilger’s responsibility to provide the

8 safety devices. [DS 12-13] Thus, clearly, Wilger’s liability in this matter is not

9 collateral to Worker’s case against Employer.

10 Employer argues that we should look to the substance, rather than the form, in

11 determining finality. We agree. However, in this case where issues of liability

12 between two employers remain undecided, we believe that substance is ruling our

13 determination.

14 Employer also argues that it is bad policy to delay the appeal here as parties will

15 never know when an order is final for the purposes of appeal and will file appeals

16 from every order in an abundance of caution, so as not to lose their right to appeal.

17 The purpose of the requirement for finality before appeal is so that the appellate courts

18 do not get pieces of cases to decide and so that cases below are not held up while on

19 appeal. See Exec. Sports Club, Inc. v. First Plaza Trust, 1998-NMSC-008, ¶ 11, 125
4

1 N.M. 78, 957 P.2d 63 (stating the principle of finality serves a multitude of purposes,

2 including the prevention of piecemeal appeals and the promotion of judicial

3 economy). The appellate courts want cases to be finally decided for all intents and

4 purposes, so that they can consider all issues relevant to the case.

5 Here, Employer’s docketing statement raises several issues relating to the

6 liability for the safety device penalty. But, Employer has also requested that the WCJ

7 rule on the same issues: Who should be liable for the safety device increase and

8 penalty? There is no reason for this Court to rule on the matter when the WCJ has

9 been asked to rule on it. It is possible that the WCJ might rule in such a way that the

10 issue does not need to be addressed by this Court. Once the WCJ rules on Employer’s

11 complaint, a final compensation order will be filed and Employer may appeal from

12 that order. 

13 For the reasons stated herein and in the notice of proposed disposition, we

14 dismiss the appeal.

15 IT IS SO ORDERED.

16 _______________________________

17 MICHAEL E. VIGIL, Judge
5

1 WE CONCUR:

2 ____________________________

3 JONATHAN B. SUTIN, Judge

4 ____________________________

5 LINDA M. VANZI, Judge
6