UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

NORTHERN DISTRICT OF INDIANA

FORT WAYNE DIVISION

CASSANDRA AXSON, )

)

Plaintiff, )

)

v. ) No. 1:16-cv-00322-RL-SLC

)

MICHAEL REYNOLDS, et al., )

)

Defendants. )

OPINION AND ORDER

On January 30, 2017, this Court held a preliminary pretrial conference in this case filed

by pro se Plaintiff Cassandra Axson. (DE 39). At the conference, Axson stated that she had

filed a request for the appointment of counsel back in November. Although the Court had not

interpreted any of Axson’s various filings as a request for the appointment of counsel, the Court

nonetheless will address her request. 

For the following reasons, Axson’s request for court-appointed counsel will be DENIED.

A. Legal Standard

“There is no right to court-appointed counsel in federal civil litigation.” Olson v.

Morgan, 750 F.3d 708, 711 (7th Cir. 2014) (citing Pruitt v. Mote, 503 F.3d 647, 649 (7th Cir.

2007)). But under 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(1), a court may request that an attorney represent an

indigent litigant; the decision whether to recruit pro bono counsel is left to the discretion of the

district court. Olson, 750 F.3d at 711; Pruitt, 503 F.3d at 658. 

“In deciding whether to request counsel, district courts must ask two questions: ‘(1)

[H]as the indigent plaintiff made a reasonable attempt to obtain counsel or been effectively

precluded from doing so; and if so, (2) given the difficulty of the case, does the plaintiff appear
competent to litigate it [her]self?’” Olson, 750 F.3d at 711 (alteration in original) (quoting

Pruitt, 503 F.3d at 654). The second portion of this inquiry, stated another way, is “whether the

difficulty of the case—factually and legally—exceeds the particular plaintiff’s capacity as a

layperson to coherently present it to the judge and jury [her]self.” Id. at 712 (quoting Pruitt, 503

F.3d at 655). In conducting this inquiry, the district court must ascertain “whether the plaintiff

appears competent to litigate [her] own claims, given their degree of difficulty, and this includes

the tasks that normally attend litigation: evidence gathering, preparing and responding to

motions and other court filings, and trial.” Pruitt, 503 F.3d at 655 (emphasis omitted). 

Normally, determining a plaintiff’s competence will be assessed by considering “the

plaintiff’s literacy, communication skills, educational level, and litigation experience.” Id. And

if the record reveals the plaintiff’s intellectual capacity and psychological history, these too

would be relevant. Id. Overall, the decision to recruit counsel is a “practical one, made in light

of whatever relevant evidence is available on the question.” Id.

B. Analysis

 To begin, there is no evidence that Axson has contacted any attorneys concerning her

case. Therefore, she fails to satisfy the threshold requirement concerning a request for

recruitment of counsel. See Jackson v. Cty. of McLean, 953 F.2d 1070, 1073 (7th Cir. 1992) (“If

. . . the indigent has made no reasonable attempts to secure counsel (unless circumstances

prevented him from doing so), the court should deny any § 1915(d) motions outright.”); see also

Romanelli v. Suliene, 615 F.3d 847, 851-52 (7th Cir. 2010).

But even if she had satisfied this threshold requirement, it is evident that Axson is

competent to represent herself in this matter, at least at this stage of the proceedings. At the

status hearing on December 1, 2016 (DE 30), Axson stated that she was suing Defendants, who

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are employees of the Social Security Administration, for negligently handling and terminating

her Social Security disability benefits.

Axson has already articulated her claims in this suit and participated in a status hearing

(DE 30) and a Rule 16 preliminary pretrial conference (DE 39). She has also filed a host of

motions seeking various types of relief. (DE 11; DE 22-DE 25; DE 27-DE 32; DE 40). It is

evident from Axson’s filings and her participation in the preliminary pretrial conference that she

is assertive and possesses adequate communication skills, certainly at a sufficient level to

proceed pro se. Cf. Dewitt v. Corizon, Inc., 760 F.3d 654, 658 (7th Cir. 2014) (reversing a

district court’s denial of request for counsel pertaining to “a blind and indigent prisoner with a

tenth-grade education and no legal experience” in a case involving complicated medical

matters); Henderson v. Ghosh, 755 F.3d 559, 567 (7th Cir. 2014) (reversing a district court’s

denial of request for counsel where the record reflected plaintiff’s low IQ, functional illiteracy,

and poor education). At the initial status conference, Axson was able to adequately articulate the

events leading up to her filing this case, the claims that she is advancing, and the relief that she

seeks. 

Although Axson claims that her disability benefits were wrongfully terminated, she does

not suggest, nor is it apparent, that any disability would impair her ability to prosecute this case

pro se. Furthermore, Axson is not incarcerated and thus has the freedom and ability to perform

her own research; Axson states that she does so at the public library. Furthermore, Axons has, in

fact, already performed legal research, as her filings include legal citations (DE 11; DE 22; DE

23; DE 28; DE 29; DE 31; DE 40), and she discussed various legal citations at the status

conference and the preliminary pretrial hearing. 

Considering the foregoing, Axson appears competent to adequately handle the litigation

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of this case, at least at this stage of the proceedings. Therefore, to the extent that Axson has filed

a motion asking that the Court appoint counsel for her, it will be denied. If her case survives the

filing of dispositive motions, and she shows that she has contacted at least three attorneys

concerning her case, the Court will reconsider recruiting counsel for her upon her further motion. 

See Mungiovi v. Chi. Hous. Auth., No. 94 C 6663, 1994 WL 735413, at *2 (N.D. Ill. Dec. 19,

1994) (“[The] court’s general practice is to consider appointment of counsel if and when it

appears that the action has sufficient merit to require complex discovery or an evidentiary

hearing.” (citation omitted)). 

C. Conclusion

For the foregoing reasons, to the extent that Axson has filed a motion asking that the

Court appoint counsel to represent her, her request for the appointment of counsel is DENIED. 

Axson is free, of course, to attempt to secure counsel on her own.

 SO ORDERED.

Entered this 3rd day of February 2017.

/s/ Susan Collins 

Susan Collins,

United States Magistrate Judge

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