QUARTERLY BANKING PROFILE First Quarter 2021

FDIC QUARTERLY 1

INSURED INSTITUTION PERFORMANCE

Quarterly Net Income Rose From a Year Ago Primarily Because of Negative Provisions for Credit Losses

Net Interest Margin Contracted Further, Setting a Record Low

Loan Balances Declined From the Previous Quarter and Year, Driven by a Reduction in Credit Card Balances

Asset Quality Improved

Quarterly Net Income More 

Than Tripled From the 

Year-Ago Quarter

Net income totaled $76.8 billion in first quarter 2021, an increase of $17.3 billion (29.1 percent) 

from fourth quarter 2020 and $58.3 billion (315.3 percent) from a year ago. Aggregate negative provision expense of $14.5 billion, which declined $17.7 billion from fourth quarter 2020, 

drove the improvement in net income from the previous quarter. Three-fourths of all banks 

(74.8 percent) reported higher quarterly net income compared with the year-ago quarter.1

The share of unprofitable institutions dropped from 7.4 percent a year ago to 3.9 percent. The 

banking industry reported an aggregate return on average assets ratio of 1.38 percent, up 

1 percentage point from a year ago and 28 basis points from fourth quarter 2020.

Net Interest Margin 

Contracted Further to a 

New Record Low

The average net interest margin contracted 57 basis points from a year ago to 2.56 percent, 

the lowest level on record in the Quarterly Banking Profile (QBP). Net interest income 

declined $7.6 billion (5.6 percent) from first quarter 2020 as the year-over-year reduction in interest income (down $29.8 billion, or 17.6 percent) outpaced the decline in interest 

expense (down $22.2 billion, or 68.7 percent). Despite the aggregate decline in net interest income, more than three-fifths of all banks (64.4 percent) reported higher net interest 

income compared with a year ago. The average yield on earning assets declined 1.1 percentage points from the year-ago quarter to 2.76 percent, while the average cost of funding 

earning assets declined 54 basis points to 0.20 percent, both of which are record lows.

More Than Two-Thirds of 

Banks Reported Higher 

Noninterest Income 

Year Over Year

More than two thirds of all banks (67.9 percent) reported an annual increase in noninterest 

income. Increased revenue from servicing fees, loan sales, and trading activities lifted noninterest income by $9.9 billion (14.8 percent) to $76.8 billion from a year ago. Servicing fee revenue increased $5.2 billion, net gains on loan sales increased $4.5 billion, and trading revenue 

increased $3.8 billion. A decline in “other noninterest income” of $4.3 billion (12.1 percent) 

partially offset the improvement in noninterest income from the year-ago quarter.2

Securities and Other Gains/Losses, Net

Net Operating Income

Quarterly Net Income

All FDIC-Insured Institutions

$ Billions

Source: FDIC.

-60

-40

-20

0

20

40

60

80

100

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

Chart 1

Source: FDIC.

Percent

Quarterly Net Interest Margin

All FDIC-Insured Institutions

 Assets > $250 Billion

 Assets $10 Billion - $250 Billion

 Assets $1 Billion - $10 Billion

 Assets $100 Million - $1 Billion

 Assets < $100 Million

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

Chart 2

1 Industry participation counts consist of institutions existing in both reporting periods.

2 Other noninterest income includes items such as bank card and credit card interchange fees, income and fees from 

automated teller machines, and other related items. 
2021   •   Volume 15  • Number 2

2 FDIC QUARTERLY

Noninterest Expense 

Declined From the 

Year-Ago Quarter

A decline in amortization expense of intangible assets drove a $4.1 billion (3.2 percent) 

reduction in total noninterest expense year over year. Amortization expense declined 

$8.4 billion (88.8 percent). An increase in salary and employee benefits (up $6.2 billion, 

or 10.6 percent) offset the annual reduction in noninterest expense. Average assets per 

employee rose $1.1 million from a year ago to $10.9 million.

Nearly two-thirds of all banks (65.3 percent) reported higher noninterest expense year 

over year. However, the average efficiency ratio (noninterest expense as a percentage of 

net interest income plus noninterest income, which indicates the cost of generating bank 

income) during this period declined 2.7 percentage points to 60.5 percent. Banks in all QBP 

asset size groups reported improvements in this ratio.

Provisions for Credit 

Losses Were Negative for 

the First Time on Record

Provisions for credit losses (provisions) declined $17.7 billion (552.6 percent) from the 

previous quarter and $67.2 billion from the year-ago quarter to negative $14.5 billion, the 

lowest level on record. Less than one-fourth of all institutions (24.5 percent) reported 

higher provisions compared with the year-ago quarter.3 The number of banks that have 

adopted current expected credit loss (CECL) accounting rose by 41 to 320 from fourth 

quarter 2020. CECL adopters reported aggregate negative provisions of $14.9 billion in 

the first quarter, a reduction of $16.1 billion from the previous quarter and a reduction of 

$63.0 billion from one year ago. Provisions for banks that have not adopted CECL accounting totaled $391.4 million (a reduction of $1.7 billion from a quarter ago and $4.0 billion 

from one year ago).

The Coverage Ratio 

Remained Above the 

Financial Crisis Average

The allowance for loan and lease losses as a percentage of loans that are 90 days or 

more past due or in nonaccrual status (coverage ratio) declined 9.4 percentage points to 

174.2 percent from fourth quarter 2020. This ratio remains above the financial crisis average of 79.1 percent.4 Coverage ratios for banks in the largest two QBP asset size groups 

(“$10 billion to $250 billion” and “greater than $250 billion”) declined the most from fourth 

quarter 2020.

Change in Quarterly Loan-Loss Provisions

All FDIC-Insured Institutions

Quarter-Over-Quarter Change

($ Billions)

Source: FDIC.

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

40

50

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

Chart 3

Source: FDIC.

Note: The reserve coverage ratio is the loan-loss reserves to noncurrent loans and leases.

$ Billions Coverage Ratio (Percent)

Reserve Coverage Ratio

All FDIC-Insured Institutions

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

 Loan-Loss Reserves (Le Axis) 

 Noncurrent Loans (Le Axis)

 Noncurrents Adjusted for GNMA Guaranteed Loans (Le Axis)

 Reserve Coverage Ratio (Right Axis) 

 Coverage Adjusted for GNMA Guaranteed Loans (Right Axis)

0

50

100

150

200

250

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

Chart 4

3 Provisions for credit losses include both losses for loans and securities for CECL adopters and only loan losses for 

non-adopters. 

4 The financial crisis refers to the period between December 2007 and June 2009. 
QUARTERLY BANKING PROFILE

FDIC QUARTERLY 3

The Noncurrent Rate 

Declined Modestly From 

Fourth Quarter 2020

Loans and leases that were 90 days or more past due or in nonaccrual status (noncurrent 

loans and leases) declined $5.9 billion (4.6 percent) to $122.9 billion from fourth quarter 2020. 

The noncurrent rate for total loans and leases improved 5 basis points to 1.14 percent from 

the previous quarter. However, the noncurrent rate for construction and development loans 

increased 7 basis points from the previous quarter to 0.72 percent, and the noncurrent rate 

for home equity credit lines increased 5 basis points from the previous quarter to 2.17 percent.

Net Charge-Off Volume 

Declined From the 

Year-Ago Quarter

During the year ending first quarter 2021, net charge-offs declined $5.4 billion 

(36.8 percent), and the net charge-off rate fell 20 basis points to 0.34 percent, slightly 

above the record low of 0.32 percent. Reductions in charged-off credit card balances (down 

$3.3 billion, or 36.4 percent) and charged-off commercial and industrial (C&I) loans (down 

$1.2 billion, or 43.5 percent) contributed most to the decline.

Total Assets Increased 

From the Previous Quarter

Total assets increased $680.9 billion (3.1 percent) from fourth quarter 2020 to $22.6 trillion. 

Cash and balances due from depository institutions expanded $440.1 billion (13.8 percent), and 

securities rose a record $366.9 billion (7.2 percent). Mortgage-backed securities led the quarterly growth, rising $220.4 billion (7.2 percent), followed by growth in U.S. Treasury securities, which rose $110.7 billion (11.5 percent). Total loan and lease volume declined by a modest 

0.4 percent from the previous quarter. Together, the asset growth and loan volume contraction led to a decline in the net loans and leases to total assets ratio to 47.0 percent, a record low.

Loan Volume 

Continued to Decline, 

Driven by a Reduction in 

Credit Card Balances

Total loan and lease balances contracted $38.7 billion (0.4 percent) from the previous 

quarter. A reduction in credit card balances (down $60.9 billion, or 7.4 percent) drove the 

quarterly decline in loan volume. Unused credit card commitments declined for a fourth 

consecutive quarter (down $364.6 billion, or 9.2 percent). This was the largest percentage 

reduction in credit card commitments since first quarter 2009. Growth in Paycheck Protection Program loans, guaranteed by the Small Business Administration, grew $61.2 billion 

from the previous quarter to $469.4 billion.

Compared with the year-ago quarter, total loan and lease balances declined $136.3 billion 

(1.2 percent). This was the first annual contraction in loan and lease volume reported by 

the banking industry since third quarter 2011. Reductions in credit card balances (down 

$111.9 billion, or 12.8 percent) and C&I loans (down $93.2 billion, or 3.7 percent) drove the 

annual decline in loan volume. Despite the aggregate decline in loan volume, more than twothirds of all banks (71.9 percent) reported year-over-year growth in loan and lease volume.

Source: FDIC.

Percent

Noncurrent Loan Rate and Quarterly Net Charge-O
 Rate

All FDIC-Insured Institutions

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Quarterly Net Charge-O Rate

Noncurrent Rate

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

Chart 5

-8

-4

0

4

8

12

Quarterly Change in Loan Balances 

All FDIC-Insured Institutions

Source: FDIC.

Note: FASB Statements 166 and 167 resulted in the consolidation of large amounts of securitized

loan balances back onto banks’ balance sheets in the first quarter of 2010. Although the total 

amount consolidated cannot be precisely quantified, the industry would have reported a decline 

in loan balances for the quarter absent this change in accounting standards.

$ Billions Percent

-300

-200

-100

0

100

200

300

400

500

Quarterly Change (Le Axis)

12-Month Growth Rate (Right Axis)

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

Chart 6
2021   •   Volume 15  • Number 2

4 FDIC QUARTERLY

Deposit Growth 

Remained Strong

Deposits grew $635.2 billion (3.6 percent) from fourth quarter 2020 to $18.5 trillion, 

continuing several quarters of unprecedented deposit growth. Among deposit categories, 

deposits above $250,000 (up $424.8 billion, or 4.7 percent) and noninterest-bearing deposits 

(up $371.1 billion, or 8.1 percent) grew most from the previous quarter. Deposits as a percentage of total assets reached a record high for the QBP of 81.8 percent in first quarter 2021.

Equity Capital 

Continued to Grow

Equity capital rose $26.1 billion (1.2 percent) from fourth quarter 2020, supported by 

an increase in retained earnings of $15.3 billion (40.5 percent). Cash dividends totaled 

$23.9 billion, up 9.4 percent from the previous quarter. Fewer institutions—six banks with 

total assets of $536.5 million—reported capital ratios that did not meet Prompt Corrective 

Action (PCA) requirements for the well-capitalized category, compared with eight banks 

that did not meet this requirement in fourth quarter 2020.5 The number of banks that are 

not “well capitalized” for PCA purposes is the lowest on record.

Three New Banks Opened 

in First Quarter 2021

Three new banks opened and 25 institutions merged in first quarter 2021. No banks failed 

during the quarter. With these changes, the number of FDIC-insured commercial banks 

and savings institutions declined from 5,002 to 4,978 in first quarter 2021.6 The number 

of institutions on the FDIC’s “Problem Bank List” declined by one to 55 from fourth quarter 2020. Total assets of problem banks declined $1.7 billion from the fourth quarter to 

$54.2 billion.

Author:

Erica Jill Tholmer

Senior Financial Analyst

Division of Insurance and Research

Source: FDIC.

Number

Number and Assets of Banks on the “Problem Bank List” 

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1,000

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

Assets ($ Billions)

Number of Problem Banks 

Assets of Problem Banks

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

Chart 8

Quarterly Change in Deposits

All FDIC-Insured Institutions

Quarterly Change ($ Billions)

Source: FDIC.

-200

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

Chart 7

5 Prompt corrective action (PCA) categories are assigned based on reported capital ratios only and do not include the 

effects of regulatory downgrades. 

6 The total number of insured financial institutions includes 2 banks that did not file Call Reports this quarter because 

most of their assets were sold to credit unions, but their banking charters remain active. 
QUARTERLY BANKING PROFILE

FDIC QUARTERLY 5

TABLE I-A. Selected Indicators, All FDIC-Insured Institutions*

2021** 2020** 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016

Return on assets (%) 1.38 0.38 0.72 1.29 1.35 0.97 1.04

Return on equity (%) 13.73 3.50 6.85 11.38 11.98 8.60 9.27

Core capital (leverage) ratio (%) 8.85 9.41 8.81 9.66 9.70 9.63 9.48

Noncurrent assets plus other real estate owned to assets (%) 0.57 0.54 0.61 0.55 0.60 0.73 0.86

Net charge-offs to loans (%) 0.34 0.54 0.50 0.52 0.48 0.50 0.47

Asset growth rate (%) 11.41 11.96 17.37 3.91 3.03 3.79 5.09

Net interest margin (%) 2.56 3.13 2.82 3.36 3.40 3.25 3.13

Net operating income growth (%) 343.81 -71.60 -38.77 -3.14 45.45 -3.27 4.43

Number of institutions reporting 4,978 5,116 5,002 5,177 5,406 5,670 5,913

Commercial banks 4,357 4,464 4,375 4,518 4,715 4,918 5,112

Savings institutions 621 652 627 659 691 752 801

Percentage of unprofitable institutions (%) 3.88 7.39 4.64 3.75 3.44 5.61 4.48

Number of problem institutions 55 54 56 51 60 95 123

Assets of problem institutions (in billions) $54 $45 $56 $46 $48 $14 $28

Number of failed institutions 0 1 4 4 0 8 5

* Excludes insured branches of foreign banks (IBAs).

** Through March 31, ratios annualized where appropriate. Asset growth rates are for 12 months ending March 31.

TABLE II-A. Aggregate Condition and Income Data, All FDIC-Insured Institutions

(dollar figures in millions)  1st Quarter

2021

4th Quarter

2020

1st Quarter

2020

%Change 

20Q1-21Q1

Number of institutions reporting 4,978 5,002 5,116 -2.7

Total employees (full-time equivalent) 2,067,213 2,065,606 2,069,356 -0.1

CONDITION DATA

Total assets $22,564,200 $21,883,275 $20,253,734 11.4

Loans secured by real estate 5,079,208 5,118,278 5,084,049 -0.1

1-4 Family residential mortgages 2,178,126 2,210,916 2,207,005 -1.3

Nonfarm nonresidential 1,575,028 1,568,515 1,534,469 2.6

 Construction and development 388,391 386,009 370,042 5.0

Home equity lines 286,055 300,311 338,273 -15.4

Commercial & industrial loans 2,457,390 2,440,715 2,550,595 -3.7

Loans to individuals 1,689,878 1,744,175 1,771,389 -4.6

 Credit cards 761,103 822,028 872,980 -12.8

Farm loans 68,053 71,781 75,242 -9.6

Other loans & leases 1,533,496 1,491,872 1,482,242 3.5

Less: Unearned income 3,094 3,196 2,300 34.5

Total loans & leases 10,824,931 10,863,625 10,961,218 -1.2

Less: Reserve for losses* 214,253 236,615 196,406 9.1

Net loans and leases 10,610,678 10,627,010 10,764,812 -1.4

Securities** 5,479,337 5,112,405 4,208,512 30.2

Other real estate owned 4,434 4,627 5,588 -20.6

Goodwill and other intangibles 392,016 386,755 391,789 0.1

All other assets 6,077,735 5,752,478 4,883,033 24.5

Total liabilities and capital 22,564,200 21,883,275 20,253,734 11.4

Deposits 18,458,784 17,823,563 15,777,037 17.0

 Domestic office deposits 16,935,688 16,289,744 14,305,863 18.4

Foreign office deposits 1,523,096 1,533,819 1,471,174 3.5

Other borrowed funds 1,099,727 1,091,994 1,560,167 -29.5

Subordinated debt 66,470 68,230 69,459 -4.3

All other liabilities 686,249 672,504 729,182 -5.9

Total equity capital (includes minority interests) 2,252,971 2,226,984 2,117,887 6.4

 Bank equity capital 2,250,497 2,224,378 2,115,323 6.4

Loans and leases 30-89 days past due 51,801 63,210 72,387 -28.4

Noncurrent loans and leases 122,979 128,873 102,391 20.1

Restructured loans and leases 50,804 49,323 46,841 8.5

Mortgage-backed securities 3,264,138 3,043,762 2,546,452 28.2

Earning assets 20,576,308 19,920,261 18,236,418 12.8

FHLB Advances 231,304 255,985 612,677 -62.2

Unused loan commitments 8,316,938 8,444,142 8,034,514 3.5

Trust assets 18,925,437 18,875,483 20,003,202 -5.4

Assets securitized and sold 460,283 480,364 551,354 -16.5

Notional amount of derivatives 191,683,719 165,711,590 199,743,579 -4.0

INCOME DATA

Full Year

 2020

Full Year

 2019 %Change

1st Quarter 

2021

1st Quarter 

2020

%Change 

20Q1-21Q1

Total interest income $603,753 $705,398 -14.4 $139,745 $169,537 -17.6

Total interest expense 77,098 158,731 -51.4 10,086 32,240 -68.7

Net interest income 526,655 546,668 -3.7 129,659 137,297 -5.6

Provision for credit losses*** 132,252 55,101 140.0 -14,532 52,695 -127.6

Total noninterest income 280,237 264,374 6.0 76,814 66,934 14.8

Total noninterest expense 498,986 466,147 7.0 124,857 128,920 -3.2

Securities gains (losses) 8,144 3,977 104.8 1,395 1,757 -20.6

Applicable income taxes 36,334 60,926 -40.4 20,686 5,812 255.9

Extraordinary gains, net**** -101 164 -161.6 0 -26 100.0

Total net income (includes minority interests) 147,362 233,008 -36.8 76,857 18,535 314.7

 Bank net income 147,126 232,772 -36.8 76,787 18,491 315.3

Net charge-offs 54,112 52,164 3.7 9,225 14,606 -36.9

Cash dividends 84,029 182,407 -53.9 23,860 32,678 -27.0

Retained earnings 63,097 50,365 25.3 52,928 -14,187 473.1

Net operating income 140,600 229,633 -38.8 75,724 17,062 343.8

* For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, this item represents the allowance for credit losses on loans and leases held for investment and allocated transfer risk.

** For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, securities are reported net of allowances for credit losses.

*** For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, this item represents provisions for credit losses on a consolidated basis; for institutions that have not adopted ASU 2016-13, 

this item represents the provision for loan and lease losses.

**** See Notes to Users for explanation. N/M - Not Meaningful
2021   •   Volume 15  • Number 2

6 FDIC QUARTERLY

TABLE III-A. First Quarter 2021, All FDIC-Insured Institutions

Asset Concentration Groups*

FIRST QUARTER

(The way it is...)

All Insured 

Institutions

Credit 

Card 

Banks

International 

Banks

Agricultural 

Banks

Commercial 

Lenders

Mortgage 

Lenders

Consumer 

Lenders

Other 

Specialized 

<$1 Billion

All Other 

<$1 Billion

All Other 

>$1 Billion

Number of institutions reporting 4,978 11 5 1,124 2,645 270 40 297 509 77

Commercial banks 4,357 10 5 1,113 2,386 76 24 272 407 64

Savings institutions 621 1 0 11 259 194 16 25 102 13

Total assets (in billions) $22,564.2 $493.9 $5,752.9 $279.3 $7,867.4 $672.6 $151.7 $58.2 $116.2 $7,171.9

Commercial banks 21,128.9 408.5 5,752.9 273.9 7,401.2 117.8 144.3 53.9 92.3 6,883.9

Savings institutions 1,435.3 85.4 0.0 5.4 466.2 554.8 7.3 4.2 23.9 288.0

Total deposits (in billions) 18,458.8 351.2 4,408.2 237.8 6,554.4 598.6 129.9 47.6 99.8 6,031.3

Commercial banks 17,261.9 285.9 4,408.2 234.5 6,190.1 101.3 123.7 44.9 80.0 5,793.3

Savings institutions 1,196.9 65.3 0.0 3.3 364.3 497.4 6.2 2.7 19.8 238.0

Bank net income (in millions) 76,787 7,077 19,387 991 25,715 1,546 1,020 288 345 20,419

Commercial banks 72,796 6,230 19,387 945 24,331 401 1,007 108 298 20,088

Savings institutions 3,992 847 0 46 1,384 1,145 13 180 47 330

Performance Ratios (annualized, %)

Yield on earning assets 2.76 10.68 1.99 3.83 3.22 1.86 3.34 2.63 3.46 2.31

Cost of funding earning assets 0.20 1.06 0.11 0.44 0.24 0.18 0.54 0.26 0.37 0.15

Net interest margin 2.56 9.63 1.88 3.39 2.99 1.68 2.79 2.37 3.09 2.16

Noninterest income to assets 1.38 4.64 1.75 0.71 1.05 1.00 1.35 3.97 1.58 1.26

Noninterest expense to assets 2.25 7.04 2.09 2.24 2.26 1.50 0.97 3.69 3.09 2.10

Credit loss provision to assets** -0.26 -0.74 -0.46 0.05 -0.12 -0.02 -0.55 0.07 0.06 -0.26

Net operating income to assets 1.36 5.73 1.36 1.41 1.31 0.91 2.72 1.92 1.17 1.13

Pretax return on assets 1.75 7.49 1.79 1.64 1.68 1.20 3.67 2.56 1.39 1.42

Return on assets 1.38 5.74 1.37 1.45 1.33 0.93 2.73 2.04 1.22 1.15

Return on equity 13.73 44.38 15.47 12.96 12.05 11.35 30.49 13.39 10.64 11.70

Net charge-offs to loans and leases 0.34 2.66 0.55 0.01 0.15 0.02 0.27 0.05 0.04 0.30

Loan and lease loss provision to 

net charge-offs -145.25 -35.65 -243.33 619.68 -111.29 -303.12 -157.39 502.13 293.65 -189.10

Efficiency ratio 59.96 50.69 60.91 57.22 58.86 56.35 23.75 59.42 68.82 64.48

% of unprofitable institutions 3.88 0.00 0.00 2.85 2.57 9.26 7.50 12.46 5.30 1.30

% of institutions with earnings gains 74.71 100.00 60.00 66.37 84.91 58.15 92.50 42.76 65.03 79.22

Condition Ratios (%)

Earning assets to total assets 91.19 95.03 88.62 93.91 91.61 97.44 97.78 93.37 93.69 91.64

Loss allowance to:

Loans and leases 1.98 9.41 2.43 1.48 1.44 0.77 1.50 1.64 1.28 1.85

Noncurrent loans and leases 174.22 800.27 232.53 150.20 135.65 86.47 438.02 159.52 143.49 136.48

Noncurrent assets plus

other real estate owned to assets 0.57 0.87 0.34 0.65 0.72 0.25 0.25 0.33 0.56 0.60

Equity capital ratio 9.97 13.25 8.81 10.92 10.88 8.12 8.74 14.66 11.15 9.79

Core capital (leverage) ratio 8.85 14.20 7.88 10.61 9.43 8.02 9.16 14.40 11.16 8.55

Common equity tier 1 capital ratio*** 14.17 18.87 15.06 14.81 12.72 22.19 20.62 33.48 18.43 14.27

Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio*** 14.27 19.03 15.14 14.81 12.84 22.19 20.73 33.48 18.44 14.35

Total risk-based capital ratio*** 15.75 20.85 16.54 15.95 14.31 22.63 21.19 34.38 19.51 15.96

Net loans and leases to deposits 57.48 94.43 38.97 68.55 75.87 30.56 83.21 32.06 61.87 50.69

Net loans to total assets 47.02 67.14 29.86 58.35 63.20 27.20 71.26 26.24 53.11 42.63

Domestic deposits to total assets 75.06 68.25 53.65 85.12 83.10 88.83 85.64 81.87 85.82 81.73

Structural Changes

New reporters 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 0

Institutions absorbed by mergers 25 0 0 7 14 1 0 1 1 1

Failed institutions 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

PRIOR FIRST QUARTERS

(The way it was...)

Number of institutions 2020 5,116 11 5 1,261 2,706 384 50 214 428 57

 2018 5,606 11 5 1,355 2,936 412 61 274 495 57

 2016 6,122 14 5 1,459 3,045 502 60 336 635 66

Total assets (in billions) 2020 $20,253.7 $503.8 $5,231.1 $279.1 $7,548.7 $388.1 $154.6 $37.0 $78.8 $6,032.7

 2018 17,530.3 542.0 4,278.6 270.7 6,143.8 353.4 278.1 45.6 85.5 5,532.6

 2016 16,293.3 540.1 4,014.9 275.5 5,741.8 404.6 193.1 60.1 112.5 4,950.8

Return on assets (%) 2020 0.38 0.11 0.44 1.28 0.22 0.15 1.79 2.63 0.93 0.47

 2018 1.28 2.64 1.21 1.30 1.23 1.04 1.42 3.16 1.01 1.25

 2016 0.97 2.72 0.83 1.21 0.90 0.97 1.08 2.36 0.89 0.92

Net charge-offs to loans & leases (%) 2020 0.54 4.32 0.74 0.10 0.26 0.04 0.54 0.27 0.09 0.46

 2018 0.50 4.26 0.55 0.07 0.19 0.04 0.61 0.15 0.15 0.40

 2016 0.46 3.07 0.57 0.10 0.20 0.06 0.68 0.07 0.16 0.42

Noncurrent assets plus 

OREO to assets (%) 2020 0.54 1.39 0.30 0.94 0.64 1.18 0.41 0.40 0.65 0.50

 2018 0.70 1.25 0.47 0.87 0.69 1.77 0.42 0.55 0.78 0.77

 2016 0.96 0.88 0.69 0.75 0.99 1.84 0.90 0.62 1.10 1.10

Equity capital ratio (%) 2020 10.44 11.51 8.77 11.85 11.63 9.66 9.61 17.77 12.65 10.26

 2018 11.20 16.03 9.81 11.20 11.90 11.27 10.05 15.71 11.56 11.04

 2016 11.25 14.82 9.89 11.57 11.82 11.36 10.02 14.67 11.90 11.28

* See Table V-A (page 10) for explanations.

** For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, the numerator represents provisions for credit losses on a consolidated basis; for institutions that have not adopted ASU 2016-13, the numerator 

represents the provision for loan and lease losses.

*** Beginning March 2020, does not include institutions that have a Community Bank Leverage Ratio election in effect at the report date.
QUARTERLY BANKING PROFILE

FDIC QUARTERLY 7

TABLE III-A. First Quarter 2021, All FDIC-Insured Institutions 

Asset Size Distribution Geographic Regions*

FIRST QUARTER

(The way it is...)

All Insured 

Institutions

Less Than 

$100 

Million

$100 

Million to 

$1 Billion

$1 Billion to 

$10 Billion

$10 Billion 

to $250 

Billion

Greater 

Than $250 

Billion New York Atlanta Chicago

Kansas 

City Dallas

San 

Francisco

Number of institutions reporting 4,978 895 3,119 806 145 13 588 568 1,064 1,285 1,103 370

Commercial banks 4,357 780 2,768 668 129 12 308 516 918 1,245 1,034 336

Savings institutions 621 115 351 138 16 1 280 52 146 40 69 34

Total assets (in billions) $22,564.2 $54.8 $1,118.0 $2,133.6 $6,638.9 $12,618.9 $4,112.7 $4,607.6 $5,417.3 $4,209.4 $1,871.5 $2,345.7

Commercial banks 21,128.9 48.0 979.9 1,780.9 6,052.3 12,267.8 3,684.4 4,464.8 5,321.4 4,169.7 1,293.6 2,195.0

Savings institutions 1,435.3 6.8 138.1 352.7 586.6 351.1 428.3 142.9 95.8 39.8 577.9 150.6

Total deposits (in billions) 18,458.8 45.9 951.7 1,780.3 5,496.0 10,184.8 3,395.2 3,848.5 4,201.0 3,434.2 1,609.8 1,970.1

Commercial banks 17,261.9 40.7 839.2 1,492.7 5,032.8 9,856.5 3,055.5 3,729.0 4,131.1 3,401.9 1,096.0 1,848.5

Savings institutions 1,196.9 5.2 112.6 287.6 463.2 328.4 339.7 119.5 69.9 32.3 513.8 121.6

Bank net income (in millions) 76,787 144 3,690 7,983 26,186 38,784 12,054 15,323 19,140 14,001 5,493 10,776

Commercial banks 72,796 130 3,187 6,917 24,363 38,199 10,969 15,070 18,580 13,876 4,569 9,731

Savings institutions 3,992 14 503 1,066 1,823 585 1,085 253 560 125 924 1,045

Performance Ratios (annualized, %)

Yield on earning assets 2.76 3.77 3.78 3.70 3.39 2.16 2.71 2.79 2.30 2.75 2.95 3.69

Cost of funding earning assets 0.20 0.44 0.41 0.34 0.28 0.11 0.25 0.17 0.12 0.19 0.21 0.34

Net interest margin 2.56 3.33 3.37 3.36 3.12 2.05 2.46 2.61 2.18 2.55 2.74 3.35

Noninterest income to assets 1.38 1.61 1.35 1.38 1.29 1.43 1.21 1.19 1.76 1.27 1.02 1.69

Noninterest expense to assets 2.25 3.45 2.88 2.60 2.36 2.07 2.11 2.19 2.27 2.24 2.19 2.60

Credit loss provision to assets** -0.26 0.04 0.09 0.04 -0.23 -0.36 -0.15 -0.30 -0.41 -0.28 -0.05 -0.15

Net operating income to assets 1.36 1.05 1.31 1.49 1.58 1.23 1.16 1.34 1.44 1.31 1.19 1.83

Pretax return on assets 1.75 1.20 1.58 1.92 2.07 1.58 1.52 1.68 1.87 1.65 1.46 2.46

Return on assets 1.38 1.07 1.35 1.53 1.60 1.25 1.19 1.35 1.44 1.34 1.20 1.88

Return on equity 13.73 7.92 12.27 14.10 14.96 13.12 11.37 12.62 15.28 13.70 12.11 18.27

Net charge-offs to loans and leases 0.34 0.04 0.04 0.15 0.41 0.39 0.35 0.36 0.28 0.42 0.13 0.43

Loan and lease loss provision to 

net charge-offs -145.25 189.32 401.46 44.04 -81.50 -228.63 -83.04 -161.69 -340.71 -114.04 -67.51 -48.91

Efficiency ratio 59.96 73.73 63.64 57.14 55.87 62.82 60.61 60.96 60.64 62.05 60.58 53.27

% of unprofitable institutions 3.88 12.63 2.31 0.74 1.38 0.00 5.10 6.69 4.70 2.02 3.08 4.05

% of institutions with earnings gains 74.71 57.43 74.99 89.95 90.34 76.92 79.42 75.18 75.09 75.02 69.45 80.00

Condition Ratios (%)

Earning assets to total assets 91.19 92.35 93.94 93.21 92.52 89.90 90.66 90.91 90.26 90.38 93.80 94.18

Loss allowance to:

Loans and leases 1.98 1.44 1.36 1.45 2.12 2.11 1.83 2.10 1.87 2.19 1.40 2.27

Noncurrent loans and leases 174.22 128.33 179.14 178.79 163.79 182.78 163.80 197.10 182.88 171.30 67.75 335.25

Noncurrent assets plus

other real estate owned to assets 0.57 0.70 0.55 0.60 0.79 0.45 0.57 0.53 0.46 0.61 1.04 0.44

Equity capital ratio 9.97 13.20 10.79 10.72 10.62 9.42 10.39 10.58 9.30 9.77 9.74 10.16

Core capital (leverage) ratio 8.85 13.20 10.77 10.29 9.55 8.05 9.09 8.68 8.30 8.94 8.82 9.90

Common equity tier 1 capital ratio*** 14.17 23.50 16.07 14.67 14.08 14.01 14.08 13.90 14.33 13.76 14.74 14.87

Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio*** 14.27 23.51 16.09 14.69 14.30 14.04 14.16 14.00 14.38 13.85 14.85 15.07

Total risk-based capital ratio*** 15.75 24.57 17.22 15.84 15.71 15.64 15.62 15.41 15.77 15.77 16.01 16.34

Net loans and leases to deposits 57.48 61.13 71.55 77.06 70.30 45.82 59.41 55.25 53.90 55.98 54.88 70.91

Net loans to total assets 47.02 51.27 60.91 64.30 58.19 36.98 49.04 46.15 41.80 45.67 47.21 59.55

Domestic deposits to total assets 75.06 83.87 85.12 83.36 80.83 69.69 77.40 81.10 68.36 65.65 85.98 82.69

Structural Changes

New reporters 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1

Institutions absorbed by mergers 25 8 15 2 0 0 5 3 3 8 4 2

Failed institutions 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

PRIOR FIRST QUARTERS

(The way it was...)

Number of institutions 2020 5,116 1,124 3,168 680 131 13 617 582 1,099 1,317 1,126 375

 2018 5,606 1,393 3,453 628 123 9 684 656 1,208 1,426 1,214 418

 2016 6,122 1,663 3,734 616 100 9 752 753 1,325 1,528 1,299 465

Total assets (in billions) 2020 $20,253.7 $66.6 $1,066.7 $1,802.6 $5,770.4 $11,547.5 $3,787.4 $4,128.7 $4,719.6 $4,027.1 $1,547.4 $2,043.5

 2018 17,530.3 83.2 1,130.2 1,700.5 5,827.3 8,789.1 3,273.9 3,604.2 3,969.6 3,674.5 1,102.9 1,905.3

 2016 16,293.3 97.8 1,179.8 1,723.1 5,013.9 8,278.7 3,084.7 3,417.7 3,624.0 3,543.5 962.2 1,661.2

Return on assets (%) 2020 0.38 0.83 1.09 0.76 -0.16 0.52 0.55 0.04 0.49 0.49 0.77 0.00

 2018 1.28 0.93 1.18 1.27 1.37 1.24 1.15 1.31 1.27 1.17 1.35 1.63

 2016 0.97 0.92 1.03 1.04 1.01 0.92 0.81 0.88 0.93 1.03 1.05 1.32

Net charge-offs to loans & leases (%) 2020 0.54 0.12 0.11 0.22 0.76 0.53 0.51 0.62 0.43 0.53 0.31 0.81

 2018 0.50 0.19 0.08 0.18 0.74 0.46 0.62 0.56 0.24 0.53 0.21 0.74

 2016 0.46 0.12 0.10 0.19 0.62 0.49 0.49 0.54 0.26 0.55 0.30 0.52

Noncurrent assets plus 

OREO to assets (%) 2020 0.54 0.97 0.74 0.68 0.68 0.43 0.49 0.55 0.47 0.61 0.70 0.52

 2018 0.70 1.02 0.83 0.70 0.68 0.69 0.63 0.79 0.66 0.79 0.82 0.47

 2016 0.96 1.22 1.10 0.93 0.81 1.04 0.77 1.13 0.93 1.15 1.10 0.56

Equity capital ratio (%) 2020 10.44 14.05 11.98 11.69 11.27 9.68 10.71 11.24 9.83 9.75 10.94 10.76

 2018 11.20 13.10 11.24 11.71 12.19 10.43 12.36 12.04 10.37 10.04 11.48 11.45

 2016 11.25 12.86 11.34 11.72 12.04 10.65 12.00 12.35 10.32 10.14 11.10 12.12

* See Table V-A (page 11) for explanations.

** For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, the numerator represents provisions for credit losses on a consolidated basis; for institutions that have not adopted ASU 2016-13, the numerator 

represents the provision for loan and lease losses.

*** Beginning March 2020, does not include institutions that have a Community Bank Leverage Ratio election in effect at the report date.
2021   •   Volume 15  • Number 2

8 FDIC QUARTERLY

TABLE IV-A. Full Year 2020, All FDIC-Insured Institutions

Asset Concentration Groups*

FULL YEAR

(The way it is...)

All Insured 

Institutions

Credit 

Card 

Banks

International 

Banks

Agricultural 

Banks

Commercial 

Lenders

Mortgage 

Lenders

Consumer 

Lenders

Other 

Specialized 

<$1 Billion

All Other 

<$1 Billion

All Other 

>$1 Billion

Number of institutions reporting 5,002 11 5 1,163 2,667 291 36 277 485 67

Commercial banks 4,375 10 5 1,152 2,403 75 24 251 399 56

Savings institutions 627 1 0 11 264 216 12 26 86 11

Total assets (in billions) $21,883.3 $492.6 $5,553.8 $287.7 $7,591.1 $684.0 $144.8 $51.5 $105.7 $6,972.0

Commercial banks 20,505.3 407.3 5,553.8 282.6 7,135.6 81.0 138.7 46.7 84.1 6,775.5

Savings institutions 1,377.9 85.3 0.0 5.2 455.5 603.0 6.0 4.8 21.7 196.5

Total deposits (in billions) 17,823.6 349.0 4,270.5 242.5 6,251.3 603.1 123.1 41.9 89.9 5,852.1

Commercial banks 16,684.2 283.2 4,270.5 239.3 5,900.1 67.7 118.0 38.7 72.3 5,694.4

Savings institutions 1,139.3 65.8 0.0 3.2 351.3 535.4 5.2 3.2 17.6 157.7

Bank net income (in millions) 147,126 9,710 35,890 3,499 52,700 5,480 2,118 1,244 1,082 35,403

Commercial banks 136,457 8,281 35,890 3,337 48,936 1,107 2,068 455 953 35,430

Savings institutions 10,669 1,429 0 162 3,765 4,372 49 789 129 -26

Performance Ratios (%)

Yield on earning assets 3.24 11.24 2.51 4.22 3.63 2.10 3.96 2.95 3.87 2.77

Cost of funding earning assets 0.41 1.51 0.29 0.67 0.47 0.25 0.84 0.38 0.53 0.35

Net interest margin 2.82 9.73 2.22 3.54 3.16 1.84 3.11 2.57 3.34 2.42

Noninterest income to assets 1.36 4.36 1.69 0.68 1.07 0.99 0.44 4.70 1.26 1.25

Noninterest expense to assets 2.43 6.44 2.20 2.40 2.54 1.54 1.05 3.97 3.03 2.25

Credit loss provision to assets** 0.64 4.75 0.60 0.18 0.51 0.08 0.32 0.09 0.14 0.60

Net operating income to assets 0.68 1.92 0.66 1.25 0.71 0.91 1.57 2.46 1.07 0.50

Pretax return on assets 0.89 2.44 0.89 1.46 0.93 1.18 2.13 3.18 1.24 0.64

Return on assets 0.72 1.92 0.70 1.30 0.74 0.92 1.59 2.59 1.10 0.53

Return on equity 6.85 16.09 7.59 11.14 6.40 10.53 16.46 16.22 8.98 5.24

Net charge-offs to loans and leases 0.50 3.73 0.69 0.14 0.25 0.05 0.52 0.19 0.07 0.43

Loan and lease loss provision to 

net charge-offs 243.46 162.41 258.82 195.38 292.95 615.10 83.46 157.77 312.10 276.63

Efficiency ratio 59.84 46.80 59.94 59.74 59.91 55.16 30.28 55.77 69.20 64.43

% of unprofitable institutions 4.64 27.27 0.00 2.67 4.39 9.97 8.33 8.30 4.74 4.48

% of institutions with earnings gains 52.96 27.27 20.00 49.96 57.86 45.02 61.11 35.02 49.90 43.28

Condition Ratios (%)

Earning assets to total assets 91.03 94.81 88.60 93.39 91.35 97.37 97.56 93.04 93.46 91.44

Loss allowance to:

Loans and leases 2.18 9.79 2.90 1.49 1.52 0.83 1.76 1.59 1.28 2.03

Noncurrent loans and leases 183.60 838.76 254.94 147.92 140.88 69.09 499.26 158.17 149.27 142.29

Noncurrent assets plus

other real estate owned to assets 0.61 0.92 0.38 0.69 0.76 0.30 0.26 0.34 0.56 0.66

Equity capital ratio 10.16 12.61 8.92 11.37 11.22 8.40 9.21 15.79 11.81 9.90

Core capital (leverage) ratio 8.81 13.63 7.94 10.66 9.38 7.80 9.86 14.71 11.36 8.45

Common equity tier 1 capital ratio*** 13.85 17.68 14.97 14.45 12.43 21.41 20.91 34.27 19.28 13.90

Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio*** 13.94 17.54 15.04 14.45 12.53 21.41 21.02 34.27 19.29 13.98

Total risk-based capital ratio*** 15.46 19.44 16.43 15.60 14.04 21.84 21.80 35.15 20.36 15.65

Net loans and leases to deposits 59.62 99.89 40.03 71.85 79.09 27.17 83.01 32.72 63.58 53.21

Net loans to total assets 48.56 70.78 30.78 60.56 65.13 23.96 70.62 26.64 54.06 44.66

Domestic deposits to total assets 74.44 67.96 53.14 84.29 82.13 88.01 85.05 81.42 85.02 81.32

Structural Changes

New reporters 6 0 0 0 1 0 0 5 0 0

Institutions absorbed by mergers 168 1 0 27 131 4 0 0 2 3

Failed institutions 4 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0

PRIOR FULL YEARS

(The way it was...)

Number of institutions 2019 5,177 12 5 1,291 2,733 393 58 210 428 47

 2017 5,670 11 5 1,389 2,944 420 59 272 510 60

 2015 6,182 14 4 1,479 3,089 500 65 332 632 67

Total assets (in billions) 2019 $18,645.3 $530.8 $4,481.1 $283.5 $6,735.8 $392.7 $230.7 $38.3 $76.3 $5,876.2

 2017 17,415.4 562.7 4,196.0 282.6 6,026.0 349.2 270.9 46.9 88.8 5,592.2

 2015 15,967.7 549.1 3,774.6 277.6 5,892.1 385.4 187.3 57.5 113.9 4,730.3

Return on assets (%) 2019 1.29 3.27 1.23 1.33 1.18 1.20 1.21 3.56 1.17 1.27

 2017 0.97 1.52 0.62 1.05 1.02 0.93 1.02 2.61 0.91 1.10

 2015 1.04 2.84 0.87 0.96 0.95 0.83 1.04 2.69 0.91 1.12

Net charge-offs to loans & leases (%) 2019 0.52 4.15 0.72 0.18 0.20 0.03 0.82 0.17 0.13 0.39

 2017 0.50 3.95 0.56 0.16 0.21 0.04 0.60 0.23 0.15 0.43

 2015 0.44 2.79 0.59 0.10 0.20 0.13 0.62 0.20 0.20 0.41

Noncurrent assets plus 

OREO to assets (%) 2019 0.55 1.39 0.33 0.81 0.60 1.18 0.48 0.45 0.62 0.52

 2017 0.73 1.25 0.51 0.77 0.70 1.70 0.36 0.59 0.81 0.82

 2015 0.97 0.90 0.71 0.68 0.93 1.92 0.97 0.61 1.19 1.16

Equity capital ratio (%) 2019 11.32 12.81 10.20 11.85 12.27 10.94 10.41 18.48 12.79 10.93

 2017 11.22 15.10 9.83 11.18 11.95 11.21 10.00 15.26 11.94 11.09

 2015 11.24 14.29 10.13 11.32 11.76 11.36 10.12 15.04 11.80 11.08

* See Table V-A (page 10) for explanations.

** For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, the numerator represents provisions for credit losses on a consolidated basis; for institutions that have not adopted ASU 2016-13, the numerator 

represents the provision for loan and lease losses.

*** Beginning March 2020, does not include institutions that have a Community Bank Leverage Ratio election in effect at the report date.
QUARTERLY BANKING PROFILE

FDIC QUARTERLY 9

TABLE IV-A. Full Year 2020, All FDIC-Insured Institutions 

Asset Size Distribution Geographic Regions*

FULL YEAR

(The way it is...)

All Insured 

Institutions

Less Than 

$100 

Million

$100 

Million to 

$1 Billion

$1 Billion to 

$10 Billion

$10 Billion 

to $250 

Billion

Greater 

Than $250 

Billion New York Atlanta Chicago

Kansas 

City Dallas

San 

Francisco

Number of institutions reporting 5,002 946 3,129 776 138 13 593 570 1,069 1,292 1,107 371

Commercial banks 4,375 827 2,769 644 123 12 308 518 922 1,252 1,038 337

Savings institutions 627 119 360 132 15 1 285 52 147 40 69 34

Total assets (in billions) $21,883.3 $57.2 $1,101.4 $2,069.8 $6,358.5 $12,296.4 $4,015.1 $4,485.3 $5,205.7 $4,148.6 $1,792.6 $2,236.1

Commercial banks 20,505.3 50.1 959.5 1,727.3 5,814.0 11,954.4 3,596.1 4,360.6 5,108.3 4,110.3 1,241.8 2,088.2

Savings institutions 1,377.9 7.0 141.9 342.5 544.5 342.0 418.9 124.7 97.4 38.2 550.9 147.9

Total deposits (in billions) 17,823.6 47.6 926.1 1,703.8 5,226.2 9,919.9 3,304.6 3,718.1 4,041.0 3,366.6 1,529.7 1,863.6

Commercial banks 16,684.2 42.3 812.1 1,428.9 4,798.8 9,602.1 2,977.3 3,617.6 3,971.4 3,335.8 1,038.1 1,744.1

Savings institutions 1,139.3 5.3 114.0 274.9 427.3 317.8 327.4 100.5 69.6 30.7 491.6 119.5

Bank net income (in millions) 147,126 457 12,506 21,310 42,349 70,505 23,601 24,728 41,818 19,610 15,761 21,607

Commercial banks 136,457 421 10,676 18,267 39,150 67,943 20,530 24,987 39,720 19,190 12,558 19,472

Savings institutions 10,669 36 1,830 3,043 3,198 2,562 3,071 -259 2,098 420 3,204 2,135

Performance Ratios (%)

Yield on earning assets 3.24 4.04 4.12 3.99 3.92 2.65 3.15 3.25 2.79 3.21 3.42 4.25

Cost of funding earning assets 0.41 0.61 0.63 0.58 0.55 0.29 0.50 0.36 0.30 0.41 0.38 0.64

Net interest margin 2.82 3.43 3.49 3.41 3.37 2.36 2.65 2.88 2.49 2.80 3.05 3.61

Noninterest income to assets 1.36 1.41 1.33 1.30 1.32 1.40 1.21 1.21 1.76 1.14 1.10 1.65

Noninterest expense to assets 2.43 3.55 3.01 2.71 2.65 2.20 2.24 2.42 2.37 2.45 2.41 2.86

Credit loss provision to assets** 0.64 0.13 0.23 0.43 0.86 0.61 0.60 0.69 0.55 0.74 0.41 0.84

Net operating income to assets 0.68 0.81 1.17 1.07 0.68 0.58 0.61 0.56 0.84 0.43 0.94 0.99

Pretax return on assets 0.89 0.95 1.40 1.38 0.94 0.74 0.78 0.74 1.10 0.55 1.17 1.38

Return on assets 0.72 0.84 1.21 1.11 0.71 0.61 0.62 0.59 0.87 0.49 0.98 1.03

Return on equity 6.85 6.09 10.44 9.90 6.34 6.19 5.76 5.27 8.75 4.95 9.28 9.59

Net charge-offs to loans and leases 0.50 0.13 0.12 0.22 0.66 0.51 0.48 0.54 0.41 0.53 0.31 0.70

Loan and lease loss provision to 

net charge-offs 243.46 167.39 284.76 282.30 205.34 275.34 237.34 238.98 280.72 276.08 252.82 180.23

Efficiency ratio 59.84 77.21 65.17 59.75 55.02 62.26 59.44 60.31 59.16 65.51 60.52 52.52

% of unprofitable institutions 4.64 11.42 3.04 1.80 10.87 0.00 6.75 7.89 4.12 2.48 3.97 7.28

% of institutions with earnings gains 52.96 39.43 58.07 54.90 22.46 15.38 46.21 47.02 59.31 56.89 49.86 50.13

Condition Ratios (%)

Earning assets to total assets 91.03 91.97 93.64 93.06 92.37 89.76 90.93 90.49 90.03 90.25 93.72 93.91

Loss allowance to:

Loans and leases 2.18 1.43 1.35 1.41 2.35 2.39 2.00 2.30 2.17 2.37 1.46 2.45

Noncurrent loans and leases 183.60 126.49 169.35 164.00 177.76 194.23 173.36 215.27 197.98 168.93 69.97 350.99

Noncurrent assets plus

other real estate owned to assets 0.61 0.74 0.60 0.65 0.83 0.50 0.60 0.55 0.52 0.69 1.08 0.48

Equity capital ratio 10.16 13.44 11.27 10.94 10.84 9.57 10.49 10.78 9.59 9.80 10.08 10.44

Core capital (leverage) ratio 8.81 13.04 10.86 10.20 9.47 8.04 9.04 8.60 8.38 8.85 8.66 9.88

Common equity tier 1 capital ratio*** 13.85 22.35 15.92 14.21 13.57 13.81 13.78 13.54 14.02 13.70 13.93 14.45

Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio*** 13.94 22.35 15.94 14.23 13.77 13.85 13.86 13.63 14.08 13.79 14.04 14.61

Total risk-based capital ratio*** 15.46 23.42 17.08 15.38 15.26 15.48 15.37 15.13 15.49 15.67 15.23 15.93

Net loans and leases to deposits 59.62 63.98 74.89 80.98 72.65 47.65 60.49 58.06 55.85 58.07 57.34 74.06

Net loans to total assets 48.56 53.26 62.97 66.66 59.71 38.44 49.79 48.13 43.36 47.13 48.93 61.72

Domestic deposits to total assets 74.44 83.25 84.08 82.20 80.11 69.29 76.48 80.34 68.03 65.32 85.30 82.08

Structural Changes

New reporters 6 4 2 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 2

Institutions absorbed by mergers 168 42 107 17 2 0 35 16 36 35 39 7

Failed institutions 4 1 3 0 0 0 0 2 0 2 0 0

PRIOR FULL YEARS

(The way it was...)

Number of institutions 2019 5,177 1,156 3,225 656 130 10 625 587 1,118 1,330 1,138 379

 2017 5,670 1,407 3,513 627 114 9 693 668 1,214 1,438 1,235 422

 2015 6,182 1,688 3,792 595 99 8 762 762 1,337 1,543 1,307 471

Total assets (in billions) 2019 $18,645.3 $68.6 $1,087.9 $1,753.9 $6,071.6 $9,663.4 $3,407.7 $3,847.5 $4,235.2 $3,796.7 $1,204.6 $2,153.7

 2017 17,415.4 83.7 1,154.2 1,751.7 5,699.2 8,726.7 3,248.1 3,601.0 3,918.1 3,683.2 1,090.0 1,875.1

 2015 15,967.7 99.2 1,199.9 1,682.4 5,163.6 7,822.6 3,074.1 3,372.6 3,503.7 3,444.0 943.1 1,630.3

Return on assets (%) 2019 1.29 1.01 1.29 1.30 1.35 1.26 1.09 1.29 1.34 1.20 1.32 1.66

 2017 0.97 0.83 1.04 1.05 1.04 0.89 0.85 1.00 1.00 0.76 1.12 1.36

 2015 1.04 0.84 1.07 1.10 1.02 1.05 0.87 1.03 0.96 1.16 1.09 1.31

Net charge-offs to loans & leases (%) 2019 0.52 0.21 0.14 0.21 0.70 0.51 0.48 0.58 0.42 0.53 0.24 0.78

 2017 0.50 0.21 0.15 0.22 0.71 0.47 0.58 0.61 0.27 0.51 0.28 0.67

 2015 0.44 0.19 0.16 0.21 0.56 0.48 0.48 0.50 0.27 0.52 0.24 0.52

Noncurrent assets plus 

OREO to assets (%) 2019 0.55 0.94 0.70 0.57 0.62 0.48 0.51 0.57 0.49 0.61 0.84 0.42

 2017 0.73 1.01 0.83 0.66 0.70 0.74 0.65 0.83 0.67 0.86 0.81 0.45

 2015 0.97 1.25 1.12 0.93 0.75 1.09 0.75 1.15 0.94 1.19 1.04 0.53

Equity capital ratio (%) 2019 11.32 14.27 12.01 12.03 11.86 10.76 11.83 12.23 10.89 10.24 12.16 11.15

 2017 11.22 13.01 11.29 11.82 12.13 10.47 12.34 12.06 10.42 9.99 11.49 11.58

 2015 11.24 12.55 11.25 11.69 12.02 10.60 11.78 12.22 10.50 10.22 11.04 12.03

* See Table V-A (page 11) for explanations.

** For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, the numerator represents provisions for credit losses on a consolidated basis; for institutions that have not adopted ASU 2016-13, the numerator 

represents the provision for loan and lease losses.

*** Beginning March 2020, does not include institutions that have a Community Bank Leverage Ratio election in effect at the report date.
2021   •   Volume 15  • Number 2

10 FDIC QUARTERLY

TABLE V-A. Loan Performance, All FDIC-Insured Institutions

Asset Concentration Groups*

March 31, 2021 All Insured 

Institutions

Credit 

Card 

Banks

International 

Banks

Agricultural 

Banks

Commercial 

Lenders

Mortgage 

Lenders

Consumer 

Lenders

Other 

Specialized 

<$1 Billion

All Other 

<$1 Billion

All Other 

>$1 Billion

Percent of Loans 30-89 Days Past Due

All loans secured by real estate 0.50 0.31 0.35 0.57 0.35 0.35 0.12 0.82 0.66 0.94

Construction and development 0.39 0.48 0.35 0.67 0.32 1.01 0.05 0.63 0.48 0.66

Nonfarm nonresidential 0.27 0.00 0.43 0.41 0.23 0.28 0.08 0.60 0.49 0.36

Multifamily residential real estate 0.17 0.00 0.26 0.06 0.13 0.34 0.10 0.12 0.22 0.26

Home equity loans 0.37 0.00 0.35 0.30 0.32 0.36 0.43 0.44 0.43 0.49

Other 1-4 family residential 0.77 0.31 0.38 0.69 0.58 0.33 0.12 1.06 0.79 1.27

Commercial and industrial loans 0.27 0.40 0.45 0.55 0.21 0.22 0.04 0.55 0.56 0.25

Loans to individuals 0.88 0.97 0.74 0.68 0.73 0.31 0.67 1.01 0.83 1.03

Credit card loans 0.87 0.98 0.73 0.88 0.97 0.84 0.74 1.81 0.59 0.85

Other loans to individuals 0.89 0.78 0.78 0.66 0.71 0.29 0.67 0.98 0.83 1.11

All other loans and leases (including farm) 0.32 0.41 0.51 0.96 0.25 0.21 0.01 0.67 0.72 0.20

Total loans and leases 0.48 0.91 0.49 0.65 0.33 0.33 0.47 0.79 0.67 0.66

Percent of Loans Noncurrent**

All real estate loans 1.61 0.70 1.78 1.01 1.32 0.97 0.29 1.22 0.94 2.45

Construction and development 0.72 1.97 2.31 0.66 0.47 1.10 0.44 1.28 0.36 1.50

Nonfarm nonresidential 0.97 0.00 1.37 0.89 0.87 0.68 0.66 1.20 0.96 1.35

Multifamily residential real estate 0.25 0.00 0.18 0.43 0.22 0.55 0.35 0.21 0.46 0.49

Home equity loans 2.17 0.00 5.45 0.28 1.37 0.59 0.70 0.33 0.46 2.78

Other 1-4 family residential 2.50 0.68 2.14 0.69 2.56 1.03 0.26 1.12 1.01 3.02

Commercial and industrial loans 0.90 0.37 1.28 0.87 0.77 0.86 0.47 0.70 0.88 0.99

Loans to individuals 0.81 1.27 0.75 0.42 0.77 0.12 0.37 0.52 0.48 0.69

Credit card loans 1.15 1.33 0.95 0.39 1.16 0.56 0.61 1.08 0.46 1.14

Other loans to individuals 0.53 0.36 0.26 0.43 0.74 0.11 0.36 0.49 0.48 0.50

All other loans and leases (including farm) 0.32 0.00 0.27 1.08 0.41 0.09 0.05 0.42 0.86 0.26

Total loans and leases 1.14 1.18 1.04 0.98 1.06 0.89 0.34 1.03 0.89 1.36

Percent of Loans Charged-Off (net, YTD)

All real estate loans 0.01 0.04 -0.05 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.01 -0.07 0.01 0.00

Construction and development 0.02 0.49 0.00 -0.01 0.02 -0.02 0.05 -0.12 0.03 0.07

Nonfarm nonresidential 0.07 0.00 -0.01 0.00 0.09 0.02 0.08 -0.16 0.03 0.03

Multifamily residential real estate 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 -0.01 -0.01 0.00 0.02

Home equity loans -0.13 0.00 -0.45 0.00 -0.04 -0.04 0.12 0.01 -0.02 -0.23

Other 1-4 family residential -0.01 0.03 -0.05 0.01 -0.01 0.00 0.00 -0.02 0.01 -0.01

Commercial and industrial loans 0.26 1.06 0.45 0.03 0.23 0.05 0.01 -0.18 0.10 0.19

Loans to individuals 1.65 2.84 2.28 0.22 0.81 0.44 0.40 0.80 0.16 1.26

Credit card loans 2.92 2.91 2.96 0.97 3.71 2.46 1.55 0.60 1.33 2.79

Other loans to individuals 0.55 1.77 0.43 0.13 0.56 0.37 0.39 0.81 0.15 0.56

All other loans and leases (including farm) 0.10 0.01 0.05 -0.02 0.13 0.04 0.00 0.92 0.04 0.13

Total loans and leases 0.34 2.66 0.55 0.01 0.15 0.02 0.27 0.05 0.04 0.30

Loans Outstanding (in billions)

All real estate loans $5,079.2 $1.9 $551.7 $100.4 $2,968.7 $157.7 $24.8 $10.8 $48.5 $1,214.6

Construction and development 388.4 0.0 18.3 5.8 297.8 4.7 0.3 1.0 3.3 57.3

Nonfarm nonresidential 1,575.0 0.0 57.3 26.2 1,203.1 13.1 1.3 3.5 10.5 260.1

Multifamily residential real estate 481.3 0.0 82.9 3.4 335.9 4.1 0.4 0.3 1.4 52.8

Home equity loans 286.1 0.0 29.2 1.5 162.0 7.2 0.2 0.3 1.6 84.1

Other 1-4 family residential 2,178.1 1.9 309.3 23.2 918.4 127.8 22.6 4.9 28.1 741.9

Commercial and industrial loans 2,457.4 35.2 356.2 25.7 1,317.9 9.7 7.9 2.5 6.9 695.3

Loans to individuals 1,689.9 328.7 346.0 5.5 337.5 9.8 72.4 1.4 4.6 583.8

Credit card loans 761.1 307.4 249.6 0.6 25.6 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.0 177.1

Other loans to individuals 928.8 21.3 96.4 5.0 311.9 9.5 72.1 1.3 4.6 406.7

All other loans and leases (including farm) 1,601.5 0.2 506.8 33.8 424.0 7.2 4.5 0.9 2.5 621.5

Total loans and leases (plus unearned income) 10,828.0 366.1 1,760.8 165.5 5,048.1 184.5 109.7 15.5 62.6 3,115.2

Memo: Other Real Estate Owned (in millions)

All other real estate owned 4,434.3 8.1 280.5 180.8 2,947.1 49.5 3.2 32.5 86.6 846.1

Construction and development 885.5 0.2 1.0 25.5 765.5 12.6 1.8 12.1 20.4 46.5

Nonfarm nonresidential 2,357.5 7.9 95.0 68.8 1,623.1 9.7 0.4 15.0 34.5 503.0

Multifamily residential real estate 65.5 0.0 0.0 4.6 60.3 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2

1-4 family residential 959.1 0.1 139.5 32.6 431.3 26.8 1.0 5.3 28.0 294.5

Farmland 121.9 0.0 0.0 49.4 66.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.8 1.8

* Asset Concentration Group Definitions (Groups are hierarchical and mutually exclusive):

Credit-card Lenders - Institutions whose credit-card loans plus securitized receivables exceed 50 percent of total assets plus securitized receivables.

International Banks - Banks with assets greater than $10 billion and more than 25 percent of total assets in foreign offices.

Agricultural Banks - Banks whose agricultural production loans plus real estate loans secured by farmland exceed 25 percent of the total loans and leases.

Commercial Lenders - Institutions whose commercial and industrial loans, plus real estate construction and development loans, plus loans secured by commercial real estate properties exceed 

25 percent of total assets.

Mortgage Lenders - Institutions whose residential mortgage loans, plus mortgage-backed securities, exceed 50 percent of total assets.

Consumer Lenders - Institutions whose residential mortgage loans, plus credit-card loans, plus other loans to individuals, exceed 50 percent of total assets.

Other Specialized < $1 Billion - Institutions with assets less than $1 billion, whose loans and leases are less than 40 percent of total assets.

All Other < $1 billion - Institutions with assets less than $1 billion that do not meet any of the definitions above, they have significant lending activity with no identified asset concentrations.

All Other > $1 billion - Institutions with assets greater than $1 billion that do not meet any of the definitions above, they have significant lending activity with no identified asset concentrations.

** Noncurrent loan rates represent the percentage of loans in each category that are past due 90 days or more or that are in nonaccrual status.
QUARTERLY BANKING PROFILE

FDIC QUARTERLY 11

TABLE V-A. Loan Performance, All FDIC-Insured Institutions

Asset Size Distribution Geographic Regions*

March 31, 2021 All Insured 

Institutions

Less Than 

$100 

Million

$100 

Million to 

$1 Billion

$1 Billion 

to 

$10 Billion

$10 Billion 

to $250 

Billion

Greater 

Than $250 

Billion New York Atlanta Chicago

Kansas 

City Dallas

San 

Francisco

Percent of Loans 30-89 Days Past Due 

All loans secured by real estate 0.50 0.83 0.46 0.32 0.36 0.74 0.39 0.53 0.48 0.81 0.52 0.22

Construction and development 0.39 0.84 0.53 0.45 0.28 0.45 0.43 0.45 0.35 0.45 0.36 0.28

Nonfarm nonresidential 0.27 0.59 0.32 0.26 0.22 0.35 0.32 0.20 0.29 0.30 0.25 0.24

Multifamily residential real estate 0.17 0.38 0.18 0.15 0.13 0.25 0.16 0.17 0.24 0.25 0.17 0.06

Home equity loans 0.37 0.45 0.38 0.26 0.33 0.44 0.32 0.42 0.36 0.48 0.36 0.23

Other 1-4 family residential 0.77 1.02 0.60 0.43 0.57 1.03 0.54 0.81 0.67 1.31 0.99 0.24

Commercial and industrial loans 0.27 0.92 0.36 0.25 0.22 0.30 0.22 0.26 0.28 0.29 0.35 0.23

Loans to individuals 0.88 1.00 1.03 0.97 0.77 0.96 0.76 1.26 0.60 0.85 0.60 0.90

Credit card loans 0.87 1.09 1.27 2.13 0.89 0.79 0.92 1.00 0.64 0.86 0.41 0.95

Other loans to individuals 0.89 1.00 1.01 0.56 0.67 1.12 0.66 1.47 0.56 0.84 0.66 0.86

All other loans and leases (including farm) 0.32 0.78 0.75 0.38 0.19 0.36 0.14 0.18 0.43 0.49 0.22 0.25

Total loans and leases 0.48 0.85 0.48 0.35 0.38 0.59 0.38 0.54 0.44 0.64 0.46 0.38

Percent of Loans Noncurrent** 

All real estate loans 1.61 1.17 0.79 0.83 1.90 1.96 1.51 1.56 1.60 1.78 2.92 0.56

Construction and development 0.72 0.56 0.59 0.56 0.45 1.48 1.27 0.54 1.09 0.51 0.32 0.48

Nonfarm nonresidential 0.97 1.39 0.81 0.81 0.99 1.20 1.21 0.82 1.07 1.23 0.70 0.70

Multifamily residential real estate 0.25 0.91 0.30 0.25 0.22 0.27 0.24 0.56 0.18 0.34 0.21 0.16

Home equity loans 2.17 0.43 0.65 0.60 1.39 3.38 2.09 1.60 2.67 3.51 1.02 0.92

Other 1-4 family residential 2.50 1.05 0.79 1.13 3.59 2.39 2.28 2.36 2.09 2.36 7.73 0.51

Commercial and industrial loans 0.90 1.08 0.58 0.80 0.84 1.01 0.85 0.82 0.80 1.30 0.80 0.82

Loans to individuals 0.81 0.70 0.57 0.97 0.84 0.78 0.86 0.96 0.48 0.85 0.69 0.92

Credit card loans 1.15 0.78 1.59 2.47 1.25 1.01 1.34 1.30 0.85 1.09 1.12 1.21

Other loans to individuals 0.53 0.70 0.50 0.45 0.51 0.57 0.55 0.70 0.21 0.46 0.56 0.70

All other loans and leases (including farm) 0.32 1.15 0.98 0.38 0.39 0.26 0.20 0.18 0.38 0.42 0.29 0.39

Total loans and leases 1.14 1.12 0.76 0.81 1.29 1.15 1.11 1.07 1.02 1.28 2.07 0.68

Percent of Loans Charged-Off 

(net, YTD) 

All real estate loans 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.05 -0.02 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01

Construction and development 0.02 -0.01 -0.02 -0.02 0.04 0.06 0.13 -0.01 0.02 -0.02 0.01 -0.04

Nonfarm nonresidential 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.14 0.02 0.12 0.05 0.08 0.08 0.04 0.04

Multifamily residential real estate 0.01 0.00 -0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.04 0.00 0.03 -0.02 -0.01

Home equity loans -0.13 -0.03 -0.01 -0.01 -0.03 -0.26 -0.06 -0.19 -0.15 -0.19 -0.10 -0.06

Other 1-4 family residential -0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.03 0.00 0.00 -0.03 -0.03 0.00 0.00

Commercial and industrial loans 0.26 0.07 0.06 0.19 0.27 0.29 0.24 0.21 0.30 0.33 0.28 0.20

Loans to individuals 1.65 0.22 0.60 1.67 1.62 1.70 1.75 1.57 1.35 2.27 0.79 1.57

Credit card loans 2.92 3.06 3.83 5.16 2.79 2.92 3.23 2.91 2.76 3.08 1.78 2.78

Other loans to individuals 0.55 0.20 0.38 0.39 0.61 0.53 0.73 0.47 0.22 0.91 0.46 0.63

All other loans and leases (including farm) 0.10 0.06 0.08 0.08 0.16 0.07 0.09 0.14 0.06 0.07 0.03 0.24

Total loans and leases 0.34 0.04 0.04 0.15 0.41 0.39 0.35 0.36 0.28 0.42 0.13 0.43

Loans Outstanding (in billions) 

All real estate loans $5,079.2 $18.9 $500.3 $943.9 $1,869.5 $1,746.6 $1,065.0 $913.1 $1,002.5 $875.9 $557.1 $665.6

Construction and development 388.4 1.0 45.9 93.6 164.2 83.7 77.3 63.2 64.1 54.4 83.0 46.3

Nonfarm nonresidential 1,575.0 3.9 190.0 406.8 641.9 332.4 363.0 305.2 231.5 208.7 231.6 235.0

Multifamily residential real estate 481.3 0.5 28.7 103.1 214.0 135.1 166.2 45.4 119.4 43.9 26.0 80.3

Home equity loans 286.1 0.4 14.9 34.7 105.0 131.1 63.1 67.5 68.5 44.7 18.2 23.9

Other 1-4 family residential 2,178.1 9.3 172.2 275.4 728.6 992.7 390.4 418.9 494.8 424.8 179.4 269.9

Commercial and industrial loans 2,457.4 4.4 125.2 299.3 911.7 1,116.9 439.4 560.7 549.7 414.4 201.6 291.5

Loans to individuals 1,689.9 1.7 26.0 76.6 726.4 859.1 300.8 393.9 333.1 278.4 64.7 319.0

Credit card loans 761.1 0.0 1.6 19.9 329.7 409.9 119.1 172.7 143.1 173.6 15.5 137.2

Other loans to individuals 928.8 1.7 24.4 56.7 396.8 449.2 181.7 221.2 190.0 104.8 49.2 181.8

All other loans and leases (including farm) 1,601.5 3.6 39.4 73.2 441.1 1,044.3 250.6 304.5 422.5 397.1 73.1 153.6

Total loans and leases 

(plus unearned income) 10,828.0 28.5 690.9 1,393.1 3,948.7 4,766.8 2,055.8 2,172.2 2,307.8 1,965.9 896.6 1,429.7

Memo: Other Real Estate Owned 

(in millions) 

All other real estate owned 4,434.3 63.6 925.7 1,410.1 976.6 1,058.3 573.3 1,057.4 737.6 629.5 796.1 640.5

Construction and development 885.5 13.2 364.8 269.3 200.1 38.2 99.4 223.5 103.3 142.7 268.1 48.3

Nonfarm nonresidential 2,357.5 21.8 323.2 941.5 454.6 616.5 216.5 605.1 341.9 302.9 364.8 526.2

Multifamily residential real estate 65.5 5.1 34.5 17.1 8.2 0.7 8.1 21.8 6.2 8.6 13.3 7.4

1-4 family residential 959.1 20.0 148.5 134.7 298.4 357.5 249.1 191.6 242.8 122.7 107.6 45.3

Farmland 121.9 3.6 54.7 47.6 15.4 0.6 0.1 15.3 18.3 32.6 42.2 13.3

* Regions:

New York - Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Puerto Rico, Rhode Island, Vermont, U.S. Virgin Islands

Atlanta - Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia

Chicago - Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, Ohio, Wisconsin

Kansas City - Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota

Dallas - Arkansas, Colorado, Louisiana, Mississippi, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Texas

San Francisco - Alaska, Arizona, California, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Pacific Islands, Utah, Washington, Wyoming

** Noncurrent loan rates represent the percentage of loans in each category that are past due 90 days or more or that are in nonaccrual status.
2021   •   Volume 15  • Number 2

12 FDIC QUARTERLY

TABLE VI-A. Derivatives, All FDIC-Insured Call Report Filers

1st 

Quarter 

2021

4th 

Quarter 

2020

3rd

Quarter 

2020

2nd

Quarter 

2020

1st 

Quarter 

2020

% 

Change 

20Q1-

2 1Q1

Asset Size Distribution

(dollar figures in millions;

notional amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Less 

Than 

$100 

Million

$100 

Million 

to $1 

Billion

$1 

Billion 

to $10 

Billion

$10 

Billion 

to $250 

Billion

Greater 

Than 

$250 

Billion

ALL DERIVATIVE HOLDERS 

Number of institutions reporting derivatives 1,387 1,387 1,374 1,381 1,361 1.9 31 673 535 135 13

Total assets of institutions reporting derivatives $20,832,233 $20,149,152 $19,490,738 $19,424,357 $18,647,664 11.7 $2,241 $311,534 $1,561,281 $6,338,307 $12,618,870

Total deposits of institutions reporting derivatives 17,013,500 16,393,695 15,707,363 15,568,557 14,473,395 17.6 1,858 263,769 1,303,801 5,259,257 10,184,815

Total derivatives 191,683,719 165,711,590 181,124,600 181,706,545 199,743,579 -4.0 284 25,988 226,847 4,240,579 187,190,021

Derivative Contracts by Underlying Risk Exposure 

Interest rate 137,476,936 116,058,227 129,835,389 132,102,551 146,069,414 -5.9 283 25,666 218,317 2,287,833 134,944,837

Foreign exchange* 45,257,498 41,448,704 42,148,550 41,266,839 44,381,157 2.0 0 0 4,360 1,719,734 43,533,403

Equity 4,004,712 3,774,715 4,022,629 3,574,339 3,661,579 9.4 0 20 26 54,406 3,950,259

Commodity & other (excluding credit derivatives) 1,582,254 1,394,504 1,536,154 1,506,889 1,643,731 -3.7 0 0 93 90,773 1,491,388

Credit 3,361,030 3,034,285 3,580,623 3,254,590 3,986,479 -15.7 0 25 3,037 87,833 3,270,134

Total 191,682,430 165,710,435 181,123,345 181,705,208 199,742,360 -4.0 283 25,711 225,833 4,240,579 187,190,021

Derivative Contracts by Transaction Type 

Swaps 107,718,346 96,423,475 99,580,043 101,734,113 110,598,852 -2.6 2 2,162 121,376 2,379,600 105,215,206

Futures & forwards 40,934,044 32,350,205 39,822,413 41,018,444 46,803,966 -12.5 0 4,142 32,305 1,326,592 39,571,004

Purchased options 18,603,556 16,098,917 17,889,179 16,881,937 18,151,997 2.5 0 268 15,532 201,620 18,386,136

Written options 18,371,420 15,891,780 17,706,980 16,682,545 17,959,266 2.3 1 4,249 23,201 174,841 18,169,128

Total 185,627,365 160,764,376 174,998,615 176,317,039 193,514,081 -4.1 3 10,822 192,414 4,082,653 181,341,473

Fair Value of Derivative Contracts 

Interest rate contracts 69,377 70,648 73,199 60,217 48,270 43.7 0 54 920 11,802 56,601

Foreign exchange contracts 13,849 -11,466 -7,256 -19,636 -16,009 N/M 0 0 11 1,666 12,172

Equity contracts -6,866 -7,165 -700 -1,171 9,837 N/M 0 3 2 -284 -6,586

Commodity & other (excluding credit derivatives) 3,967 -452 -1,087 -3,800 9,802 -59.5 0 0 0 237 3,730

Credit derivatives as guarantor** 16,748 14,331 3,830 -3,347 -24,127 N/M 0 0 13 -74 16,810

Credit derivatives as beneficiary** -18,373 -18,166 -7,167 553 26,454 N/M 0 0 -13 -17 -18,343

Derivative Contracts by Maturity*** 

Interest rate contracts < 1 year 76,501,371 62,456,947 76,385,591 80,158,815 92,838,175 -17.6 0 2,698 26,689 880,039 75,591,946

1-5 years 44,407,789 39,201,919 39,963,944 41,098,879 43,088,736 3.1 2 657 42,375 802,111 43,562,644

> 5 years 22,231,036 20,844,428 20,500,301 19,986,413 20,987,249 5.9 0 1,336 77,542 465,330 21,686,828

Foreign exchange and gold contracts < 1 year 32,130,016 29,434,113 29,396,427 29,049,567 31,570,063 1.8 0 0 3,489 1,567,090 30,559,437

1-5 years 4,336,231 4,404,492 4,299,182 4,238,687 4,127,647 5.1 0 0 403 107,834 4,227,994

> 5 years 2,405,347 2,402,103 2,299,468 2,179,498 2,152,437 11.7 0 0 6 21,010 2,384,331

Equity contracts < 1 year 3,504,313 3,287,136 3,210,066 2,850,740 2,959,453 18.4 0 7 7 25,155 3,479,144

1-5 years 870,551 770,821 882,054 825,667 779,791 11.6 0 14 5 24,056 846,477

> 5 years 124,452 138,573 133,921 128,679 124,492 0.0 0 0 5 4,272 120,175

Commodity & other contracts (including credit 

derivatives, excluding gold contracts) < 1 year 2,149,899 1,820,961 1,926,264 1,860,285 2,040,847 5.3 0 0 54 45,126 2,104,719

1-5 years 2,050,971 2,023,406 2,249,588 2,163,848 2,612,164 -21.5 0 1 514 46,048 2,004,408

> 5 years 435,795 215,486 433,136 227,777 449,878 -3.1 0 23 1,503 8,721 425,549

Risk-Based Capital: Credit Equivalent Amount 

Total current exposure to tier 1 capital (%) 25.6 30.2 29.9 31.9 37.9 0.0 0.1 2.0 5.2 42

Total potential future exposure to tier 1 capital (%) 34.0 31.0 32.5 29.8 29.9 0.0 0.1 1.0 4.8 57.4

Total exposure (credit equivalent amount) 

to tier 1 capital (%) 59.6 61.2 62.4 61.8 67.8 0.0 0.2 3.1 10.1 99.5

Credit losses on derivatives  6.8 137.3 130.7 124.8 82.7 -91.8 0.0 4.4 -0.6 -1.1 4.0

HELD FOR TRADING 

Number of institutions reporting derivatives 189 188 186 186 182 3.8 0 20 87 71 11

Total assets of institutions reporting derivatives 16,190,214 15,890,219 15,384,583 15,394,454 14,841,843 9.1 0 9,795 330,981 3,993,264 11,856,173

Total deposits of institutions reporting derivatives 13,129,162 12,851,305 12,340,493 12,274,431 11,424,297 14.9 0 8,355 276,096 3,348,098 9,496,613

Derivative Contracts by Underlying Risk Exposure 

Interest rate 133,858,835 112,807,115 126,595,376 129,035,575 143,093,184 -6.5 0 541 44,600 1,459,030 132,354,663

Foreign exchange 42,039,817 39,084,210 39,147,645 38,663,882 41,651,419 0.9 0 0 3,944 1,610,485 40,425,388

Equity 3,976,351 3,746,888 3,997,150 3,549,571 3,639,261 9.3 0 0 3 44,447 3,931,902

Commodity & other 1,544,723 1,358,385 1,501,890 1,473,915 1,611,455 -4.1 0 0 44 87,729 1,456,950

Total 181,419,726 156,996,598 171,242,061 172,722,943 189,995,319 -4.5 0 541 48,591 3,201,691 178,168,902

Trading Revenues: Cash & Derivative Instruments 

Interest rate**  -29 3,625 2,826 4,638 4,940 N/M 0 0 6 -35 0

Foreign exchange** 6,343 18 1,942 3,841 2,167 192.7 0 0 3 288 6,053

Equity** 2,388 2,480 750 3,139 -1,040 N/M 0 0 16 -23 2,395

Commodity & other (including credit derivatives)** 1,772 191 1,380 2,036 612 189.5 0 0 0 157 1,616

Total trading revenues** 10,474 6,314 6,898 13,653 6,678 56.8 0 0 25 386 10,063

Share of Revenue 

Trading revenues to gross revenues (%)** 7.4 4.6 4.9 9.2 4.2 0.0 0.0 0.7 1.1 9.9

Trading revenues to net operating revenues (%)** 21.0 16.8 22.0 300.9 60.0 0.0 0.0 2.2 3.3 27.2

HELD FOR PURPOSES OTHER THAN TRADING 

Number of institutions reporting derivatives 614 623 620 626 616 -0.3 2 148 326 125 13

Total assets of institutions reporting derivatives 19,824,856 19,263,989 18,644,510 18,557,513 17,928,826 10.6 113 73,927 1,145,801 5,986,145 12,618,870

Total deposits of institutions reporting derivatives 16,168,974 15,655,539 15,009,146 14,854,670 13,891,758 16.4 94 61,887 953,696 4,968,483 10,184,815

Derivative Contracts by Underlying Risk Exposure 

Interest rate 3,572,695 3,192,426 3,162,408 3,009,014 2,934,180 21.8 3 10,260 143,456 828,802 2,590,173

Foreign exchange 569,053 511,407 534,403 527,340 529,987 7.4 0 0 295 39,156 529,602

Equity 28,361 27,826 25,479 24,768 22,318 27.1 0 20 24 9,959 18,357

Commodity & other 37,531 36,119 34,264 32,974 32,277 16.3 0 0 48 3,044 34,439

Total notional amount 4,207,639 3,767,778 3,756,553 3,594,097 3,518,762 19.6 3 10,280 143,823 880,962 3,172,571

All line items are reported on a quarterly basis. N/M - Not Meaningful

* Includes spot foreign exchange contracts. All other references to foreign exchange contracts in which notional values or fair values are reported exclude spot foreign exchange contracts.

** Does not include banks filing the FFIEC 051 report form, which was introduced in first quarter 2017.

*** Derivative contracts subject to the risk-based capital requirements for derivatives.

**** Credit losses on derivatives is applicable to all banks filing the FFIEC 031 report form and banks filing the FFIEC 041 report form that have $300 million or more in total assets, but is not 

applicaable to banks filing the FFIEC 051 form.
QUARTERLY BANKING PROFILE

FDIC QUARTERLY 13

TABLE VII-A. Servicing, Securitization, and Asset Sales Activities (All FDIC-Insured Call Report Filers)*

Asset Size Distribution

(dollar figures in millions)

1st 

Quarter 

2021

4th 

Quarter

2020

3rd 

Quarter

2020

2nd 

Quarter

2020

1st 

Quarter

2020

% 

Change 

20Q1-

21Q1

Less 

Than 

$100 

Million

$100 

Million 

to $1 

Billion

$1 

Billion 

to $10 

Billion

$10 

Billion 

to $250 

Billion

Greater 

Than 

$250 

Billion

Assets Securitized and Sold with Servicing Retained or with 

Recourse or Other Seller-Provided Credit Enhancements 

Number of institutions reporting securitization activities 59 57 58 61 63 -6.3 0 6 10 35 8

Outstanding Principal Balance by Asset Type 

1-4 family residential loans 358,230 382,125 406,116 449,854 452,586 -20.8 0 5,331 9,828 101,589 241,483

Home equity loans 7 8 8 9 9 -22.2 0 0 0 7 0

Credit card receivables 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Auto loans 392 289 579 980 1,196 -67.2 0 0 0 392 0

Other consumer loans 1,469 1,569 1,669 1,512 1,587 -7.4 0 0 0 773 696

Commercial and industrial loans 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

All other loans, leases, and other assets 91,085 87,334 88,993 90,064 88,439 3.0 0 0 7,769 5,478 77,838

Total securitized and sold 451,183 471,325 497,365 542,419 543,817 -17.0 0 5,331 17,597 108,239 320,017

Maximum Credit Exposure by Asset Type 

1-4 family residential loans 1,057 1,210 1,403 1,522 1,726 -38.8 0 0 51 582 424

Home equity loans 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Credit card receivables 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Auto loans 26 26 38 48 53 -50.9 0 0 0 26 0

Other consumer loans 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Commercial and industrial loans 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

All other loans, leases, and other assets 2,274 2,029 2,010 2,205 1,645 38.2 0 0 63 118 2,094

Total credit exposure 3,357 3,265 3,451 3,775 3,424 -2.0 0 0 114 726 2,518

Total unused liquidity commitments provided to institution’s own securitizations 76 71 71 32 29 162.1 0 0 0 0 76

Securitized Loans, Leases, and Other Assets 30-89 Days Past Due (%) 

1-4 family residential loans 2.0 2.7 3.0 5.9 3.7 0.0 1.7 0.5 1.6 2.2

Home equity loans 6.3 5.3 7.2 8.3 19.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.3 0.0

Credit card receivables 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Auto loans 1.9 4.2 3.1 2.6 4.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.9 0.0

Other consumer loans 2.9 3.1 2.3 3.0 3.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.4 4.6

Commercial and industrial loans 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

All other loans, leases, and other assets 0.5 0.6 1.5 4.7 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 1.1 0.5

Total loans, leases, and other assets 1.8 2.5 3.1 6.5 3.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.5 1.8

Securitized Loans, Leases, and Other Assets 90 Days or More Past Due (%) 

1-4 family residential loans 2.7 3.0 2.9 4.6 1.0 0.0 1.5 0.8 4.0 2.3

Home equity loans 24.5 28.9 27.8 28.9 29.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 24.5 0.0

Credit card receivables 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Auto loans 0.2 0.6 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0

Other consumer loans 2.4 2.4 2.2 3.2 3.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.9 4.1

Commercial and industrial loans 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

All other loans, leases, and other assets 1.8 2.4 2.9 0.4 0.3 0.0 0.0 1.6 0.2 2.0

Total loans, leases, and other assets 2.3 2.5 2.8 4.3 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.0 2.2

Securitized Loans, Leases, and Other Assets Charged-off 

(net, YTD, annualized, %) 

1-4 family residential loans 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Home equity loans 1.8 11.9 10.2 8.4 6.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.8 0.0

Credit card receivables 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Auto loans 0.1 3.6 2.0 1.1 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

Other consumer loans 0.1 1.0 0.8 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2

Commercial and industrial loans 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

All other loans, leases, and other assets 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1

Total loans, leases, and other assets 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Seller’s Interests in Institution's Own Securitizations – Carried as Loans 

Home equity loans 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Credit card receivables 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Commercial and industrial loans 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Seller’s Interests in Institution's Own Securitizations – Carried as Securities 

Home equity loans 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Credit card receivables 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Commercial and industrial loans 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Assets Sold with Recourse and Not Securitized 

Number of institutions reporting asset sales 340 343 347 345 339 0.3 3 111 151 66 9

Outstanding Principal Balance by Asset Type 

1-4 family residential loans 36,198 35,430 31,869 28,990 27,752 30.4 13 5,859 17,236 11,685 1,405

All other loans, leases, and other assets 135,492 131,293 128,103 126,493 123,427 9.8 0 12 103 36,852 98,526

Total sold and not securitized 171,690 166,723 159,972 155,483 151,179 13.6 13 5,870 17,339 48,537 99,931

Maximum Credit Exposure by Asset Type 

1-4 family residential loans 13,228 13,630 12,870 10,753 9,675 36.7 1 678 6,080 5,778 691

All other loans, leases, and other assets 39,242 37,880 36,997 36,423 35,313 11.1 0 12 21 11,656 27,554

Total credit exposure 52,470 51,510 49,867 47,176 44,989 16.6 1 690 6,100 17,434 28,245

Support for Securitization Facilities Sponsored by Other Institutions 

Number of institutions reporting securitization facilities sponsored by others 38 37 37 35 36 5.6 1 10 14 8 5

Total credit exposure 23,478 23,986 24,893 26,480 22,894 2.6 0 0 0 1,649 21,829

Total unused liquidity commitments 415 418 412 413 208 99.5 0 0 0 295 120

Other

Assets serviced for others** 5,624,097 5,781,786 5,804,674 5,912,001 6,185,782 -9.1 2,676 153,507 386,795 1,240,448 3,840,671

Asset-backed commercial paper conduits 

Credit exposure to conduits sponsored by institutions and others 18,417 19,694 17,209 17,348 18,170 1.4 0 0 0 0 18,417

Unused liquidity commitments to conduits sponsored by institutions 

 and others 56,072 56,904 59,373 59,835 56,530 -0.8 0 0 0 1,195 54,877

Net servicing income (for the quarter) 3,436 1,030 1,364 -246 -1,757 -295.6 8 274 425 1,145 1,584

Net securitization income (for the quarter) 106 77 92 39 37 186.5 0 6 7 5 88

Total credit exposure to Tier 1 capital (%)*** 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.6 0.0 0.2 0.4 2.3 5.4

* Does not include banks filing the FFIEC 051 report form, which was introduced in first quarter 2017.

** The amount of financial assets serviced for others, other than closed-end 1-4 family residential mortgages, is reported when these assets are greater than $10 million.

*** Total credit exposure includes the sum of the three line items titled “Total credit exposure” reported above.

QUARTERLY BANKING PROFILE

FDIC QUARTERLY 15

COMMUNITY BANK PERFORMANCE

Community banks are identified based on criteria defined in the FDIC’s 2020 Community Banking Study. When comparing 

community bank performance across quarters, prior-quarter dollar amounts are based on community banks designated 

as such in the current quarter, adjusted for mergers. In contrast, prior-quarter asset quality ratios are based on community 

banks designated during the previous quarter.

Community Banks Reported Strong Quarterly Net Income Growth Due to Higher Noninterest Income and 

Lower Provision Expense

Net Interest Margin Contracted to a Record Low

Loan and Lease Volume Increased 10.8 Percent Year Over Year, Primarily Because of Commercial and 

Industrial Loan Growth

Asset Quality Remained Stable

Community Banks 

Reported Strong 

Quarterly Net Income 

Growth Year Over Year 

Due to Higher Noninterest 

Income and Lower 

Provision Expense

Community banks reported year-over-year quarterly net income growth of $3.7 billion 

(77.5 percent) in first quarter 2021, despite a narrower net interest margin (NIM). Noninterest income of $6.6 billion increased $2 billion (45 percent) from first quarter 2020 primarily because of net gains on loan sales (up $1.3 billion, or 126.4 percent). Provision expense 

(provisions) decreased $1.4 billion (78.4 percent) from first quarter 2020 but remained 

positive at $390.1 million. In comparison, noncommunity banks had provision expense of 

negative $14.9 billion. Nearly three-quarters of the 4,531 FDIC–insured community banks 

(74 percent) reported higher net income from the year-ago quarter. The pretax return 

on assets ratio increased 56 basis points from the year-ago quarter to 1.58 percent as net 

income growth outpaced the growth in average assets.

Net Interest Margin 

Narrowed Year Over Year

The quarterly NIM narrowed 28 basis points from the year-ago quarter to 3.26 percent 

despite an increase in net interest income of $1.8 billion (10.1 percent). Earning asset growth 

(up $425.1 billion, or 20.6 percent) outpaced net interest income growth. The decline in 

average yields on earning assets outpaced the decline in average funding costs. The average 

yield on earning assets fell 76 basis points to 3.64 percent, and the average funding cost fell 

48 basis points to 0.37 percent.

Contributors to the Year-Over-Year Change in Income

FDIC-Insured Community Banks 

Source: FDIC.

$ Billions

Net

Income

Net

Interest

Income

Loan Loss

Provisions

Noninterest

Income

Noninterest

Expense

Realized

Gains on

Securities

Income

Taxes

Positive Factor Negative Factor

-2.0

-1.0

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

+10% -78% +45% +8% -276% +121%

$3.68 $1.81 -$1.42 $2.04 $1.13 $0.54 $0.99

+77%

Chart 1

Source: FDIC.

Net Interest Margin

Percent 

Community Banks (3.26)

Industry (2.56)

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

2.50

2.75

3.00

3.25

3.50

3.75

4.00

Chart 2
2021   •   Volume 15  • Number 2

16 FDIC QUARTERLY

Change in Loan Balances and Unused Commitments 

FDIC-Insured Community Banks 

Source: FDIC.

$ Billions

Loan Balances

Unused

Commitments

Nonfarm

Nonresidential

RE

Commercial

& Industrial 1–4 FamilyResidential

RE

Construction &

Development

Agricultural

Production Commercial RE& Construction Commercial& Industrial

-10

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

7.3 5.2

58.4

-0.2 -4.4

18.1

24.7

1.7

6.7

-1.1

1.1

-2.7

8.5

4.1

Change 1Q 2021 vs. 1Q 2020

Change 1Q 2021 vs. 4Q 2020

Chart 3

Noncurrent Loan Rates for FDIC-Insured Community Banks

Source: FDIC.

Share of Loan Portfolio Noncurrent

Percent

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

C&D Loans

Nonfarm Nonresidential RE

1–4 Family RE

C&I Loans

Farm Loans

Home Equity

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

Chart 4

Noninterest Income 

Increased From 

First Quarter 2020

Noninterest income increased $2 billion from a year ago (45 percent), driven by an increase 

in gains on loan sales (up $1.3 billion, or 126.4 percent). The increase in net interest income 

and noninterest income contributed to growth in quarterly net operating revenue, which 

rose $3.9 billion (up 17.1 percent) from the year-ago quarter.

Noninterest Expense 

Increased From the 

Year-Ago Quarter

An increase in salary and benefit expense of $838.1 million (9.6 percent) drove the growth 

in noninterest expense (up $1.1 billion, or 7.6 percent) year over year. Average assets per 

employee increased 18.5 percent to $6.8 million from the year-ago quarter.

Noncurrent Balances 

Remained Stable Year 

Over Year, and the 

Noncurrent Rate Declined

Noncurrent loan balances remained relatively stable from a year ago, increasing 

$19.3 million (0.2 percent). The increase in nonfarm nonresidential (NFNR) noncurrent 

loan balances (up $650.1 million, or 20.5 percent) slightly outpaced the decline in noncurrent farm and consumer loan balances. Despite the slight increase in noncurrent balances, 

the noncurrent rate for total loans declined 8 basis points from the year-ago quarter to 

0.73 percent on strong year-over-year loan growth.

Community banks reported a $512 million (3.9 percent) decline in noncurrent balances 

across most major loan portfolios in first quarter 2021. A decrease in 1–4 family noncurrent 

balances, down $222.2 million (6 percent), drove the overall decline. Nearly 70 percent of all 

community banks reported a reduction in noncurrent balances since the prior quarter. The 

coverage ratio (allowance for loan and lease losses as a percentage of loans that are 90 days 

or more past due or in nonaccrual status) increased 30 percentage points to 180 percent year 

over year, a 14-year high.

Community Banks 

Reported a Broad-Based 

Decline in Net Charge-Off 

Volume

Declines in net charge-off volume across loan portfolios contributed to a reduction in the 

net charge-off rate for total loans. The net charge-off rate for community banks declined 

7 basis points from the year-ago quarter to 0.04 percent, a record low. The net charge-off 

rate for consumer loans declined the most among major loan categories (down 41 basis 

points to 0.56 percent).

Total Assets Increased 

From the Previous Quarter

Total assets increased $108.7 billion (4.3 percent) from the previous quarter driven by 

increases in cash and securities. Cash and balances due from depository institutions at 

community banks grew $38.4 billion (14.1 percent) quarter over quarter. Securities grew 

$44.8 billion (10.1 percent) quarter over quarter, supported by an influx of deposits. Cash 

and securities now represent 30.2 percent of total assets, the highest level in seven years.
QUARTERLY BANKING PROFILE

FDIC QUARTERLY 17

Loan and Lease Volume 

Grew During Both the 

Past Year and Quarter

Loan and lease balances grew $167.3 billion (10.8 percent) between first quarter 2020 and 

first quarter 2021. Growth in commercial and industrial loans (C&I) (up $124.2 billion, or 

58.4 percent) accounted for nearly three-quarters of the year-over-year increase, reflecting 

Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) loan growth. Growth in NFNR loans (up $34.1 billion, 

or 7.3 percent) also contributed to total loan growth. Farm loans (down $5.5 billion, or 

4.4 percent) and 1–4 family loans (down $4.9 billion, or 1.1 percent) declined year over year.

Community banks reported an increase in loan volume (1.4 percent) between fourth quarter 2020 and first quarter 2021. The increase in C&I loan balances (up $21.2 billion, or 

6.7 percent) was driven by a $24.4 billion increase in PPP loan balances. More than twothirds of community banks (69.8 percent) reported an increase in C&I loans in first quarter 2021 from fourth quarter 2020. Growth in NFNR loans (up $8.4 billion, or 1.7 percent), 

multifamily loans (up $2.4 billion, or 2.2 percent), and construction and development 

loans (up $1.3 billion, or 1.1 percent) offset declines in 1–4 family loans (down $5.6 billion, 

or 1.3 percent) and farm loans (down $3.3 billion, or 2.7 percent). An increase in commercial real estate loan commitments (up $8.3 billion, or 8.5 percent) drove the quarter-overquarter growth in unfunded loan volume.

Growth in Deposits of 

More Than $250,000 Drove 

the Annual Increase in 

Total Deposits

Deposits at community banks increased $429.7 billion (23.7 percent) compared with the 

year-ago quarter. Nearly all community banks (98 percent) reported an increase in deposit 

volume during the year. Growth in deposits of more than $250,000 (up $283.9 billion, or 

38.8 percent) drove the annual increase. Brokered deposit volume declined $4.6 billion 

(7.6 percent) from the year-ago quarter. Average funding costs fell 48 basis points to 

0.37 percent, a record low for community banks.

Community banks also reported strong deposit growth from fourth quarter 2020 (up 

$119.8 billion, or 5.6 percent). Growth was widespread: 92 percent of banks reported an 

increase in deposit volume in first quarter 2021.

Capital Levels 

Remained Strong

Equity capital grew $1.8 billion (0.7 percent) during the quarter, driven by an increase in 

retained earnings (up $1.9 billion, or 54.6 percent). However, the leverage capital ratio 

declined 5 basis points to 10.27 percent as growth in average assets outpaced tier 1 capital 

formation. The average tier 1 risk-based capital ratio among noncommunity bank leverage 

ratio (CBLR) filers was 14.62 percent in first quarter 2021, up 17 basis points from the prior 

quarter. The average CBLR for the 1,845 banks that elected to use the CBLR framework was 

11.15 percent.

Two New Community 

Banks Opened in 

First Quarter 2021

The number of community banks declined to 4,531, down 29 from the previous quarter.1 

Two new community banks opened, five banks transitioned from community to noncommunity banks, two banks self-liquidated, and twenty-four community banks merged 

during the quarter.

Author:

James K. Presley-Nelson

Senior Financial Analyst

Division of Insurance and Research

1 The number of community bank reporters excludes two banks: one that did not file on time and one that sold most of its 

assets to a credit union but whose charter remains active.
2021   •   Volume 15  • Number 2

18 FDIC QUARTERLY

TABLE I-B. Selected Indicators, FDIC-Insured Community Banks

2021* 2020* 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016

Return on assets (%) 1.30 0.87 1.09 1.20 1.19 0.96 0.99

Return on equity (%) 12.18 7.44 9.73 10.25 10.58 8.65 8.81

Core capital (leverage) ratio (%) 10.27 11.13 10.32 11.15 11.09 10.80 10.69

Noncurrent assets plus other real estate owned to assets (%) 0.54 0.68 0.59 0.65 0.70 0.78 0.94

Net charge-offs to loans (%) 0.04 0.12 0.12 0.13 0.13 0.16 0.16

Asset growth rate (%) 17.54 -0.20 14.16 -1.17 2.22 1.17 2.97

Net interest margin (%) 3.26 3.55 3.39 3.66 3.72 3.62 3.57

Net operating income growth (%) 63.75 -22.00 0.12 -4.04 28.01 0.21 2.42

Number of institutions reporting 4,531 4,681 4,560 4,750 4,980 5,228 5,462

Percentage of unprofitable institutions (%) 3.99 6.90 4.47 3.98 3.63 5.72 4.67

* Through March 31, ratios annualized where appropriate. Asset growth rates are for 12 months ending March 31.

TABLE II-B. Aggregate Condition and Income Data, FDIC-Insured Community Banks

(dollar figures in millions)  1st Quarter

2021

4th Quarter

2020

1st Quarter

2020

%Change 

20Q1-21Q1

Number of institutions reporting 4,531 4,560 4,681 -3.2

Total employees (full-time equivalent) 392,198 392,849 395,453 -0.8

CONDITION DATA

Total assets $2,647,439 $2,547,147 $2,252,299 17.5

Loans secured by real estate 1,227,731 1,225,675 1,209,967 1.5

1-4 Family residential mortgages 382,617 388,518 391,145 -2.2

Nonfarm nonresidential 501,266 494,370 479,581 4.5

 Construction and development 116,533 115,731 114,128 2.1

Home equity lines 41,020 42,306 45,767 -10.4

Commercial & industrial loans 336,851 316,632 216,465 55.6

Loans to individuals 65,048 65,271 65,305 -0.4

 Credit cards 1,881 2,102 1,990 -5.5

Farm loans 44,689 47,500 50,582 -11.7

Other loans & leases 47,866 49,143 39,174 22.2

Less: Unearned income 1,355 1,047 538 151.6

Total loans & leases 1,720,831 1,703,174 1,580,955 8.8

Less: Reserve for losses* 22,702 22,526 19,242 18.0

Net loans and leases 1,698,129 1,680,648 1,561,713 8.7

Securities** 488,564 444,985 382,664 27.7

Other real estate owned 1,710 1,859 2,385 -28.3

Goodwill and other intangibles 18,141 18,009 17,691 2.5

All other assets 440,895 401,647 287,846 53.2

Total liabilities and capital 2,647,439 2,547,147 2,252,298 17.5

Deposits 2,240,098 2,126,482 1,842,769 21.6

 Domestic office deposits 2,237,800 2,124,081 1,840,678 21.6

Foreign office deposits 2,298 2,401 2,092 9.8

 Brokered deposits 56,560 61,445 61,877 -8.6

Estimated insured deposits 1,548,363 1,478,449 1,340,232 15.5

Other borrowed funds 105,236 118,198 124,399 -15.4

Subordinated debt 343 352 338 1.5

All other liabilities 23,967 24,657 22,621 5.9

Total equity capital (includes minority interests) 277,795 277,459 262,170 6.0

 Bank equity capital 277,671 277,339 262,079 5.9

Loans and leases 30-89 days past due 6,731 7,544 11,495 -41.4

Noncurrent loans and leases 12,610 13,188 12,845 -1.8

Restructured loans and leases 7,191 5,596 5,209 38.1

Mortgage-backed securities 223,343 201,819 185,070 20.7

Earning assets 2,484,458 2,381,875 2,095,332 18.6

FHLB Advances 63,853 73,210 100,081 -36.2

Unused loan commitments 372,222 349,718 316,331 17.7

Trust assets 300,529 349,448 241,401 24.5

Assets securitized and sold 23,129 23,237 18,916 22.3

Notional amount of derivatives 163,013 182,369 149,235 9.2

INCOME DATA

Full Year

 2020

Full Year

 2019 %Change

1st Quarter 

2021

1st Quarter 

2020

%Change 

20Q1-21 Q1

Total interest income $88,714 $92,458 -4.0 $22,050 $22,757 -3.1

Total interest expense 13,434 18,897 -28.9 2,262 4,398 -48.6

Net interest income 75,279 73,561 2.3 19,788 18,359 7.8

Provision for credit losses*** 7,049 2,910 142.3 390 1,826 -78.6

Total noninterest income 24,333 18,899 28.8 6,580 4,626 42.2

Total noninterest expense 62,598 59,581 5.1 16,079 15,292 5.1

Securities gains (losses) 1,086 783 38.7 345 -178 -294.1

Applicable income taxes 5,097 5,096 0.0 1,814 843 115.1

Extraordinary gains, net**** 1 127 N/M 0 1 N/M

Total net income (includes minority interests) 25,957 25,783 0.7 8,430 4,846 73.9

 Bank net income 25,903 25,772 0.5 8,417 4,843 73.8

Net charge-offs 2,016 2,021 -0.3 183 459 -60.1

Cash dividends 12,073 13,326 -9.4 3,104 3,156 -1.6

Retained earnings 13,830 12,445 11.1 5,313 1,686 215.1

Net operating income 25,023 24,993 0.1 8,139 4,971 63.7

* For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, this item represents the allowance for credit losses on loans and leases held for investment and allocated transfer risk.

** For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, securities are reported net of allowances for credit losses.

*** For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, this item represents provisions for credit losses on a consolidated basis; for institutions that have not adopted ASU 2016-13, 

this item represents the provision for loan and lease losses.

**** See Notes to Users for explanation. N/M - Not Meaningful
QUARTERLY BANKING PROFILE

FDIC QUARTERLY 19

TABLE II-B. Aggregate Condition and Income Data, FDIC-Insured Community Banks

Prior Periods Adjusted for Mergers

(dollar figures in millions)  1st Quarter 

2021

4th Quarter 

2020

1st Quarter

2020

%Change 

20Q1-21Q1

Number of institutions reporting 4,531 4,529 4,525 0.1

Total employees (full-time equivalent) 392,198 391,021 388,439 1.0

CONDITION DATA

Total assets $2,647,439 $2,538,696 $2,213,374 19.6

Loans secured by real estate 1,227,731 1,221,694 1,184,700 3.6

1-4 Family residential mortgages 382,617 386,994 383,435 -0.2

Nonfarm nonresidential 501,266 492,841 467,193 7.3

 Construction and development 116,533 115,246 110,787 5.2

Home equity lines 41,020 42,194 45,125 -9.1

Commercial & industrial loans 336,851 315,631 212,616 58.4

Loans to individuals 65,048 65,061 64,325 1.1

 Credit cards 1,881 1,963 2,028 -7.3

Farm loans 44,689 47,403 49,762 -10.2

Other loans & leases 47,866 49,093 42,622 12.3

Less: Unearned income 1,355 1,037 522 159.5

Total loans & leases 1,720,831 1,697,845 1,553,503 10.8

Less: Reserve for losses* 22,702 22,472 19,027 19.3

Net loans and leases 1,698,129 1,675,373 1,534,476 10.7

Securities** 488,564 443,760 376,387 29.8

Other real estate owned 1,710 1,854 2,348 -27.2

Goodwill and other intangibles 18,141 17,931 17,305 4.8

All other assets 440,895 399,777 282,858 55.9

Total liabilities and capital 2,647,439 2,538,695 2,213,374 19.6

Deposits 2,240,098 2,120,322 1,810,372 23.7

 Domestic office deposits 2,237,800 2,117,922 1,808,280 23.8

Foreign office deposits 2,298 2,401 2,092 9.8

 Brokered deposits 56,560 60,653 61,192 -7.6

Estimated insured deposits 1,548,363 1,474,256 1,319,868 17.3

Other borrowed funds 105,236 117,754 122,677 -14.2

Subordinated debt 343 352 338 1.5

All other liabilities 23,967 24,277 22,308 7.4

Total equity capital (includes minority interests) 277,795 275,990 257,678 7.8

 Bank equity capital 277,671 275,870 257,588 7.8

Loans and leases 30-89 days past due 6,731 7,505 11,373 -40.8

Noncurrent loans and leases 12,610 13,122 12,591 0.2

Restructured loans and leases 7,191 5,575 5,300 35.7

Mortgage-backed securities 223,343 200,932 180,610 23.7

Earning assets 2,484,458 2,374,406 2,059,413 20.6

FHLB Advances 63,853 73,085 98,509 -35.2

Unused loan commitments 372,222 348,750 311,761 19.4

Trust assets 300,529 348,691 231,844 29.6

Assets securitized and sold 23,129 23,237 19,148 20.8

Notional amount of derivatives 163,013 181,970 146,922 11.0

INCOME DATA

Full Year

 2020

Full Year

 2019 %Change

1st Quarter 

2021

1st Quarter 

2020

%Change 

20Q1-21 Q1

Total interest income $88,357 $89,598 -1.4 $22,050 $22,288 -1.1

Total interest expense 13,368 18,270 -26.8 2,262 4,309 -47.5

Net interest income 74,988 71,328 5.1 19,788 17,979 10.1

Provision for credit losses*** 7,012 2,797 150.7 390 1,806 -78.4

Total noninterest income 24,233 18,083 34.0 6,580 4,538 45.0

Total noninterest expense 62,335 57,611 8.2 16,079 14,947 7.6

Securities gains (losses) 1,085 756 N/M 345 -196 N/M

Applicable income taxes 5,076 4,903 3.5 1,814 821 120.8

Extraordinary gains, net**** 1 150 N/M 0 1 N/M

Total net income (includes minority interests) 25,885 25,007 3.5 8,430 4,747 77.6

 Bank net income 25,831 24,991 3.4 8,417 4,742 77.5

Net charge-offs 2,007 1,988 0.9 183 435 -57.9

Cash dividends 12,049 13,004 -7.3 3,104 3,128 -0.8

Retained earnings 13,783 11,987 15.0 5,313 1,614 229.2

Net operating income 24,953 24,216 3.0 8,139 4,886 66.6

* For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, this item represents the allowance for credit losses on loans and leases held for investment and allocated transfer risk.

** For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, securities are reported net of allowances for credit losses.

*** For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, this item represents provisions for credit losses on a consolidated basis; for institutions that have not adopted ASU 2016-13, 

this item represents the provision for loan and lease losses.

**** See Notes to Users for explanation. N/M - Not Meaningful
2021   •   Volume 15  • Number 2

20 FDIC QUARTERLY

TABLE III-B. Aggregate Condition and Income Data by Geographic Region, FDIC-Insured Community Banks

First Quarter 2021

(dollar figures in millions) All Community Banks

Geographic Regions*

New York Atlanta Chicago Kansas City Dallas San Francisco

Number of institutions reporting 4,531 499 514 993 1,231 1,013 281

Total employees (full-time equivalent) 392,198 79,805 42,883 82,143 71,112 82,315 33,940

CONDITION DATA

Total assets $2,647,439 $670,206 $282,584 $487,932 $452,989 $486,810 $266,919

Loans secured by real estate 1,227,731 358,428 129,726 217,186 191,994 212,134 118,265

1-4 Family residential mortgages 382,617 131,591 37,827 66,074 55,317 66,398 25,409

Nonfarm nonresidential 501,266 137,010 60,761 85,292 67,877 90,207 60,118

 Construction and development 116,533 26,135 14,820 17,894 17,662 29,443 10,578

Home equity lines 41,020 12,193 5,578 8,994 4,545 4,380 5,330

Commercial & industrial loans 336,851 82,555 35,748 61,942 56,644 59,259 40,701

Loans to individuals 65,048 17,518 6,086 12,138 11,281 12,250 5,775

 Credit cards 1,881 394 98 202 617 191 378

Farm loans 44,689 543 1,197 7,138 25,680 7,615 2,516

Other loans & leases 47,866 13,992 2,947 11,387 7,130 7,330 5,081

Less: Unearned income 1,355 252 221 147 172 286 276

Total loans & leases 1,720,831 472,783 175,483 309,645 292,557 298,302 172,061

Less: Reserve for losses** 22,702 5,652 2,296 4,078 4,180 4,015 2,481

Net loans and leases 1,698,129 467,131 173,187 305,567 288,377 294,287 169,580

Securities*** 488,564 104,692 53,075 97,203 86,903 98,275 48,415

Other real estate owned 1,710 274 290 328 342 395 81

Goodwill and other intangibles 18,141 5,196 1,309 3,615 2,793 2,895 2,332

All other assets 440,895 92,913 54,722 81,219 74,573 90,958 46,511

Total liabilities and capital 2,647,439 670,206 282,584 487,932 452,989 486,810 266,919

Deposits 2,240,098 556,019 242,114 411,286 385,229 418,726 226,724

 Domestic office deposits 2,237,800 555,408 242,104 411,286 385,229 418,726 225,047

Foreign office deposits 2,298 611 10 0 0 0 1,676

 Brokered deposits 56,560 22,866 3,660 8,868 9,757 7,144 4,265

 Estimated insured deposits 1,548,363 381,131 162,087 302,841 283,912 284,015 134,377

Other borrowed funds 105,236 34,334 9,545 21,244 17,316 13,182 9,614

Subordinated debt 343 240 7 34 11 40 11

All other liabilities 23,967 8,506 2,212 3,889 3,125 3,526 2,708

Total equity capital (includes minority interests) 277,795 71,107 28,706 51,478 47,307 51,335 27,862

 Bank equity capital 277,671 71,086 28,701 51,402 47,306 51,314 27,861

Loans and leases 30-89 days past due 6,731 1,655 713 998 1,247 1,660 459

Noncurrent loans and leases 12,610 3,921 1,099 2,236 1,950 2,522 882

Restructured loans and leases 7,191 1,742 502 2,161 838 1,563 385

Mortgage-backed securities 223,343 57,993 24,585 40,402 33,811 38,516 28,036

Earning assets 2,484,458 630,856 264,238 457,063 426,102 455,316 250,884

FHLB Advances 63,853 21,753 5,547 14,037 11,201 7,034 4,281

Unused loan commitments 372,222 98,188 33,242 68,462 71,767 59,343 41,221

Trust assets 300,529 67,333 9,148 62,165 107,164 35,093 19,626

Assets securitized and sold 23,129 8,927 112 4,828 4,170 4,865 227

Notional amount of derivatives 163,013 62,036 12,176 28,978 32,582 16,366 10,875

INCOME DATA

Total interest income $22,050 $5,367 $2,323 $3,968 $3,941 $4,276 $2,175

Total interest expense 2,262 648 214 408 433 412 147

Net interest income 19,788 4,719 2,110 3,560 3,508 3,864 2,028

Provision for credit losses  390 29 41 83 102 118 17

Total noninterest income 6,580 1,256 618 1,728 1,212 1,196 570

Total noninterest expense 16,079 3,794 1,740 3,127 2,770 3,089 1,559

Securities gains (losses) 345 196 31 52 30 30 7

Applicable income taxes 1,814 555 181 383 244 224 226

Extraordinary gains, net** *** 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total net income (includes minority interests) 8,430 1,792 796 1,747 1,634 1,658 803

 Bank net income 8,417 1,791 793 1,744 1,634 1,652 803

Net charge-offs 183 79 8 16 31 30 19

Cash dividends 3,104 650 200 757 660 546 291

Retained earnings 5,313 1,141 593 987 974 1,107 512

Net operating income 8,139 1,636 771 1,699 1,607 1,630 796

* See Table V-A for explanation.

** For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, this item represents the allowance for credit losses on loans and leases held for investment and allocated transfer risk.

*** For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, securities are reported net of allowances for credit losses.

  For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, this item represents provisions for credit losses on a consolidated basis; for institutions that have not adopted ASU 2016-13, 

this item represents the provision for loan and lease losses.

** *** See Notes to Users for explanation.
QUARTERLY BANKING PROFILE

FDIC QUARTERLY 21

Table IV-B. First Quarter 2021, FDIC-Insured Community Banks

Performance ratios (annualized, %)

All Community Banks First Quarter 2021, Geographic Regions*

 1st Quarter 

2021

4th Quarter 

2020 New York Atlanta Chicago Kansas City Dallas San Francisco

Yield on earning assets 3.64 3.78 3.48 3.62 3.54 3.79 3.85 3.56

Cost of funding earning assets 0.37 0.45 0.42 0.33 0.36 0.42 0.37 0.24

Net interest margin 3.26 3.32 3.06 3.29 3.18 3.37 3.48 3.32

Noninterest income to assets 1.02 1.11 0.77 0.90 1.44 1.09 1.01 0.88

Noninterest expense to assets 2.48 2.67 2.31 2.53 2.61 2.50 2.60 2.40

Loan and lease loss provision to assets 0.06 0.19 0.02 0.06 0.07 0.09 0.10 0.03

Net operating income to assets 1.26 1.12 1.00 1.12 1.42 1.45 1.37 1.22

Pretax return on assets 1.58 1.41 1.43 1.42 1.78 1.69 1.58 1.58

Return on assets 1.30 1.18 1.09 1.15 1.46 1.47 1.39 1.23

Return on equity 12.18 10.79 10.17 11.09 13.59 13.86 12.94 11.57

Net charge-offs to loans and leases 0.04 0.15 0.07 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.04 0.05

Loan and lease loss provision to net charge-offs 213.32 192.36 36.25 515.10 507.59 331.82 399.89 91.29

Efficiency ratio 60.63 62.92 63.16 63.28 58.76 58.26 60.80 59.79

Net interest income to operating revenue 75.05 73.66 78.98 77.34 67.31 74.32 76.37 78.07

% of unprofitable institutions 3.99 7.81 5.61 6.81 4.83 2.03 3.16 4.63

% of institutions with earnings gains 73.89 56.64 79.16 74.32 74.02 74.65 68.31 80.07

Table V-B. Full Year 2020, FDIC-Insured Community Banks

Performance ratios (%)

All Community Banks Full Year 2020, Geographic Regions*

Full Year

 2020

Full Year

 2019 New York Atlanta Chicago Kansas City Dallas San Francisco

Yield on earning assets 4.00 4.61 3.82 4.04 3.83 4.19 4.24 3.95

Cost of funding earning assets 0.61 0.94 0.70 0.56 0.57 0.66 0.58 0.43

Net interest margin 3.39 3.66 3.12 3.48 3.26 3.54 3.66 3.52

Noninterest income to assets 1.02 0.88 0.78 0.94 1.45 1.14 0.97 0.82

Noninterest expense to assets 2.63 2.76 2.42 2.75 2.72 2.69 2.78 2.52

Loan and lease loss provision to assets 0.30 0.13 0.33 0.33 0.26 0.26 0.28 0.34

Net operating income to assets 1.05 1.16 0.75 0.90 1.25 1.30 1.17 0.99

Pretax return on assets 1.30 1.43 1.00 1.15 1.55 1.54 1.37 1.28

Return on assets 1.09 1.20 0.79 0.94 1.28 1.34 1.21 1.01

Return on equity 9.73 10.25 7.08 8.51 11.37 12.02 10.76 8.90

Net charge-offs to loans and leases 0.12 0.13 0.11 0.10 0.10 0.14 0.16 0.13

Loan and lease loss provision to net charge-offs 349.69 143.95 408.94 502.99 373.40 278.71 263.01 376.38

Efficiency ratio 62.32 64.05 64.82 65.23 59.92 59.97 63.24 60.94

Net interest income to operating revenue 75.57 79.56 79.00 77.41 67.67 74.33 77.80 80.06

% of unprofitable institutions 4.47 3.98 6.75 7.32 4.01 2.42 4.03 7.42

% of institutions with earnings gains 54.01 63.68 48.21 48.75 60.52 56.95 49.61 54.06

* See Table V-A for explanation.
2021   •   Volume 15  • Number 2

22 FDIC QUARTERLY

Table VI-B. Loan Performance, FDIC-Insured Community Banks

March 31, 2021

Geographic Regions*

All Community Banks New York Atlanta Chicago Kansas City Dallas San Francisco

Percent of Loans 30-89 Days Past Due

All loans secured by real estate 0.38 0.36 0.41 0.36 0.39 0.49 0.27

Construction and development 0.41 0.32 0.30 0.30 0.49 0.53 0.49

Nonfarm nonresidential 0.29 0.36 0.26 0.27 0.25 0.31 0.22

Multifamily residential real estate 0.19 0.25 0.19 0.16 0.14 0.23 0.02

Home equity loans 0.30 0.33 0.32 0.26 0.27 0.40 0.24

Other 1-4 family residential 0.52 0.41 0.74 0.55 0.44 0.72 0.35

Commercial and industrial loans 0.28 0.21 0.32 0.18 0.28 0.50 0.19

Loans to individuals 0.93 1.00 0.89 0.42 0.60 1.81 0.66

Credit card loans 1.36 1.67 0.79 0.63 1.82 1.10 0.94

Other loans to individuals 0.92 0.98 0.90 0.42 0.53 1.82 0.64

All other loans and leases (including farm) 0.52 0.12 0.32 0.31 0.82 0.62 0.36

Total loans and leases 0.39 0.35 0.41 0.32 0.43 0.56 0.27

Percent of Loans Noncurrent

All loans secured by real estate 0.78 0.91 0.67 0.80 0.67 0.85 0.52

Construction and development 0.55 0.81 0.49 0.52 0.46 0.46 0.46

Nonfarm nonresidential 0.76 0.94 0.57 0.91 0.69 0.80 0.39

Multifamily residential real estate 0.30 0.34 0.39 0.24 0.33 0.25 0.20

Home equity loans 0.59 0.66 0.45 0.49 0.31 0.42 1.14

Other 1-4 family residential 0.91 1.11 0.89 0.84 0.48 1.04 0.63

Commercial and industrial loans 0.61 0.71 0.49 0.61 0.52 0.78 0.44

Loans to individuals 0.54 0.41 0.46 0.29 0.36 1.27 0.36

Credit card loans 0.98 1.99 0.34 0.34 0.94 0.61 0.68

Other loans to individuals 0.53 0.38 0.47 0.29 0.32 1.28 0.34

All other loans and leases (including farm) 0.68 0.09 0.52 0.49 1.02 0.67 0.86

Total loans and leases 0.73 0.83 0.63 0.72 0.67 0.84 0.51

Percent of Loans Charged-Off (net, YTD)

All loans secured by real estate 0.01 0.02 -0.02 0.01 0.00 0.01 -0.01

Construction and development -0.02 0.01 -0.09 0.01 -0.03 0.01 -0.07

Nonfarm nonresidential 0.02 0.04 0.00 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.00

Multifamily residential real estate 0.01 0.01 -0.01 0.00 0.04 -0.01 0.00

Home equity loans -0.01 0.00 -0.03 -0.02 -0.03 0.02 -0.01

Other 1-4 family residential 0.00 0.01 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Commercial and industrial loans 0.06 0.12 0.05 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.07

Loans to individuals 0.56 0.77 0.51 0.16 0.62 0.53 0.74

Credit card loans 4.27 3.14 0.49 1.33 8.70 1.57 2.25

Other loans to individuals 0.44 0.71 0.51 0.14 0.14 0.51 0.63

All other loans and leases (including farm) 0.08 0.04 0.14 0.03 0.08 0.05 0.23

Total loans and leases 0.04 0.07 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.04 0.05

Loans Outstanding (in billions)

All loans secured by real estate $1,227.7 $358.4 $129.7 $217.2 $192.0 $212.1 $118.3

Construction and development 116.5 26.1 14.8 17.9 17.7 29.4 10.6

Nonfarm nonresidential 501.3 137.0 60.8 85.3 67.9 90.2 60.1

Multifamily residential real estate 110.9 49.3 6.4 21.6 12.7 8.2 12.8

Home equity loans 41.0 12.2 5.6 9.0 4.5 4.4 5.3

Other 1-4 family residential 382.6 131.6 37.8 66.1 55.3 66.4 25.4

Commercial and industrial loans 336.9 82.6 35.7 61.9 56.6 59.3 40.7

Loans to individuals 65.0 17.5 6.1 12.1 11.3 12.2 5.8

Credit card loans 1.9 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.2 0.4

Other loans to individuals 63.2 17.1 6.0 11.9 10.7 12.1 5.4

All other loans and leases (including farm) 92.6 14.5 4.1 18.5 32.8 14.9 7.6

Total loans and leases 1,722.2 473.0 175.7 309.8 292.7 298.6 172.3

Memo: Unfunded Commitments (in millions)

Total Unfunded Commitments 372,222 98,188 33,242 68,462 71,767 59,343 41,221

Construction and development: 1-4 family residential 32,292 5,967 4,735 4,134 5,009 9,545 2,901

Construction and development: CRE and other 70,987 20,740 7,626 11,279 10,982 13,875 6,484

Commercial and industrial 122,653 32,617 9,429 26,374 21,998 18,164 14,071

* See Table V-A for explanation.

Note: Noncurrent loan rates represent the percentage of loans in each category that are past due 90 days or more or that are in nonaccrual status.
QUARTERLY BANKING PROFILE

FDIC QUARTERLY 23

INSURANCE FUND INDICATORS

Deposit Insurance Fund Increases by $1.5 Billion

Insured Deposits Grow by 4.4 Percent in the First Quarter

DIF Reserve Ratio Declines 4 Basis Points to 1.25 Percent

During the first quarter, the Deposit Insurance Fund (DIF) balance increased by $1.5 billion 

to $119.4 billion. Assessment income of $1.9 billion, interest earned on investments of 

$284 million, and negative provisions for insurance losses of $57 million were the largest sources of the increase. Operating expenses of $454 million and unrealized losses 

on available-for-sale securities of $285 million partially offset the increase in the fund 

balance. No insured institutions failed in the first quarter.

The deposit insurance assessment base—average consolidated total assets minus average tangible equity—increased by 2.2 percent in the first quarter and by 16.6 percent over 

12 months.12 Total estimated insured deposits increased by 4.4 percent in the first quarter 

and by 16.4 percent ($1.3 trillion) year over year. The strong quarterly growth in insured 

deposits more than offset the quarterly increase in the DIF; as a result, the DIF reserve 

ratio declined 4 basis points to 1.25 percent at March 31, 2021. The March 31, 2021, reserve 

ratio was 13 basis points lower than the previous year; the extreme 12-month decline in 

the reserve ratio was entirely the result of extraordinary insured deposit growth.

The Dodd-Frank Act, enacted on July 21, 2010, contained several provisions to strengthen 

the DIF. Among other things, it: (1) raised the minimum reserve ratio for the DIF to 

1.35 percent (from the former minimum of 1.15 percent); (2) required that the reserve ratio 

reach 1.35 percent by September 30, 2020. Once the reserve ratio reaches 1.35 percent, 

the September 30, 2020, deadline in the Dodd-Frank Act will have been met and will no 

longer apply. If the reserve ratio later falls below 1.35 percent, even if that occurs before 

September 30, 2020, the FDIC will have a minimum of eight years to return the reserve 

ratio to 1.35 percent, reducing the likelihood of a large increase in assessment rates. The 

reserve ratio exceeded the 1.35 percent minimum imposed by the Dodd-Frank Act on 

September 30, 2018, when the reserve ratio was 1.36 percent. The reserve ratio continued to exceed the 1.35 percent minimum for all subsequent quarters until June 30, 2020, 

when, due to extraordinary insured deposit growth, the reserve ratio dropped 8 basis 

points to 1.30 percent. Since the reserve ratio fell below its statutorily required minimum 

of 1.35 percent on June 30, 2020, the FDIC Board adopted a new Fund Restoration Plan in 

September 2020.

Author:

Kevin Brown

Senior Financial Analyst

Division of Insurance and Research

1 There are additional adjustments to the assessment base for banker’s banks and custodial banks.

2 Figures for estimated insured deposits and the assessment base include insured branches of foreign banks, in addition 

to insured commercial banks and savings institutions.
2021   •   Volume 15  • Number 2

24 FDIC QUARTERLY

DIF Reserve Ratios

Percent of Insured Deposits

1.36 1.40 1.41 1.41 1.38

1.30 1.30 1.29 1.33 1.36 1.36

1.30 1.25

3/18 6/18 9/18 12/18 3/19 6/19 9/19 12/19 3/20 6/20 9/20 12/20 3/21

Table I-C. Insurance Fund Balances and Selected Indicators

(dollar figures in millions)

Deposit Insurance Fund*

1st 

Quarter 

2021

4th 

Quarter 

2020

3rd 

Quarter 

2020

2nd 

Quarter 

2020

1st 

Quarter 

2020

4th 

Quarter 

2019

3rd 

Quarter 

2019

2nd 

Quarter 

2019

1st 

Quarter 

2019

4th 

Quarter 

2018

3rd 

Quarter 

2018

2nd 

Quarter 

2018

1st 

Quarter 

2018

Beginning Fund Balance $117,897 $116,434 $114,651 $113,206 $110,347 $108,940 $107,446 $104,870 $102,609 $100,204 $97,588 $95,072 $92,747

Changes in Fund Balance:

Assessments earned 1,862 1,884 2,047 1,790 1,372 1,272 1,111 1,187 1,369 1,351 2,728 2,598 2,850

Interest earned on 

investment securities 284 330 392 454 507 531 544 535 507 481 433 381 338

Realized gain on sale of

investments 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Operating expenses 454 470 451 465 460 460 443 459 434 453 434 445 433

Provision for insurance 

losses -57 -48 -74 -47 12 -88 -192 -610 -396 -236 -121 -141 -65

All other income, 

net of expenses 1 9 5 2 2 21 4 9 2 2 2 3 1

Unrealized gain/(loss) on 

available-for-sale 

securities** -285 -338 -284 -383 1,450 -45 86 694 421 788 -234 -162 -496

Total fund balance change 1,465 1,463 1,783 1,445 2,859 1,407 1,494 2,576 2,261 2,405 2,616 2,516 2,325

Ending Fund Balance 119,362 117,897 116,434 114,651 113,206 110,347 108,940 107,446 104,870 102,609 100,204 97,588 95,072

Percent change from 

 four quarters earlier 5.44 6.84 6.88 6.71 7.95 7.54 8.72 10.10 10.31 10.63 10.72 11.42 11.95

Reserve Ratio (%) 1.25 1.29 1.30 1.30 1.38 1.41 1.41 1.40 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.33 1.30

Estimated Insured 

Deposits 9,518,588 9,119,789 8,925,969 8,835,355 8,178,036 7,824,633 7,740,925 7,691,767 7,695,885 7,522,441 7,375,867 7,353,996 7,333,159

Percent change from 

 four quarters earlier 16.39 16.55 15.31 14.87 6.27 4.02 4.95 4.59 4.95 5.14 3.90 4.35 3.59

Domestic Deposits 16,980,214 16,339,030 15,714,977 15,562,010 14,350,253 13,262,206 13,020,253 12,788,773 12,725,363 12,659,406 12,367,954 12,280,904 12,305,817

Percent change from 

 four quarters earlier 18.33 23.20 20.70 21.68 12.77 4.76 5.27 4.14 3.41 4.37 3.36 3.83 3.79

Assessment Base*** 19,214,847 18,805,738 18,464,902 18,153,332 16,483,625 16,156,678 15,904,512 15,684,071 15,561,859 15,452,229 15,229,530 15,113,666 15,068,512

Percent change from 

 four quarters earlier 16.57 16.40 16.10 15.74 5.92 4.56 4.43 3.77 3.27 3.01 2.67 2.79 3.06

Number of Institutions 

Reporting 4,987 5,011 5,042 5,075 5,125 5,186 5,267 5,312 5,371 5,415 5,486 5,551 5,615

Deposit Insurance Fund Balance 

and Insured Deposits

($ Millions)

DIF 

Balance

DIF-Insured 

Deposits

3/18 $95,072 $7,333,159

6/18 97,588 7,353,996

9/18 100,204 7,375,867

12/18 102,609 7,522,441

3/19 104,870 7,695,885

6/19 107,446 7,691,767

9/19 108,940 7,740,925

12/19 110,347 7,824,633

3/20 113,206 8,178,036

6/20 114,651 8,835,355

9/20 116,434 8,925,969

12/20 117,897 9,119,789

3/21 119,362 9,518,588

Table II-C. Problem Institutions and Failed Institutions

(dollar figures in millions) 2021  2020** ** 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015

Problem Institutions

Number of institutions 55 54 56 51 60 95 123 183

Total assets $54,182 $44,519 $55,830 $46,190 $48,481 $13,939 $27,624 $46,780

Failed Institutions

Number of institutions 0 1 4 4 0 8 5 8

Total assets***** $0 $101 $455 $209 $0 $5,082 $277 $6,706

* Quarterly financial statement results are unaudited.

** Includes unrealized postretirement benefit gain (loss).

*** Average consolidated total assets minus tangible equity, with adjustments for banker’s banks and custodial banks.

  Through March 31.

** *** Total assets are based on final Call Reports submitted by failed institutions.
QUARTERLY BANKING PROFILE

FDIC QUARTERLY 25

Table III-C. Estimated FDIC-Insured Deposits by Type of Institution

(dollar figures in millions)

March 31, 2021

Number of 

Institutions

Total 

Assets

Domestic 

Deposits*

Est. Insured 

Deposits

Commercial Banks and Savings Institutions

FDIC-Insured Commercial Banks 4,357 $21,128,887 $15,738,798 $8,547,896

FDIC-Supervised 2,899 3,609,231 2,990,121 1,831,637

OCC-Supervised 767 14,250,210 10,301,542 5,541,589

Federal Reserve-Supervised 691 3,269,447 2,447,135 1,174,669

FDIC-Insured Savings Institutions 621 1,435,313 1,196,890 934,289

OCC-Supervised 275 625,178 498,729 412,123

FDIC-Supervised 310 395,339 313,210 238,718

Federal Reserve-Supervised 36 414,795 384,951 283,447

Total Commercial Banks and Savings Institutions 4,978 22,564,200 16,935,688 9,482,185

Other FDIC-Insured Institutions

U.S. Branches of Foreign Banks 9 96,181 44,526 36,403

Total FDIC-Insured Institutions 4,987 22,660,381 16,980,214 9,518,588

* Excludes $1.5 trillion in foreign office deposits, which are not FDIC insured.

Table IV-C. Distribution of Institutions and Assessment Base by Assessment Rate Range

Quarter Ending December 31, 2020 (dollar figures in billions)

Annual Rate in Basis Points*

Number of 

Institutions

Percent of Total 

Institutions

Amount of 

Assessment Base

Percent of Total 

Assessment Base

1.50 - 3.00 2,888 57.63 $3,753.3 19.96

3.01 - 6.00 1,436 28.66 12,543.9 66.70

6.01 - 10.00 564 11.26 2,337.9 12.43

10.01 - 15.00 53 1.06 143.8 0.76

15.01 - 20.00 69 1.38 26.6 0.14

20.01 - 25.00 1 0.02 0.2 0.00

> 25.00 0 0.00 0.0 0.0

* Beginning in the second quarter of 2011, the assessment base was changed to average consolidated total assets minus tangible equity, as required by the Dodd-Frank Act.
2021   •   Volume 15  • Number 2

26 FDIC QUARTERLY

Notes to Users

This publication contains financial data and other information for 

depository institutions insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance 

Corporation (FDIC). These notes are an integral part of this publication and provide information regarding the comparability of source 

data and reporting differences over time.

Tables I-A through VIII-A.

The information presented in Tables I-A through VIII-A of the 

FDIC Quarterly Banking Profile is aggregated for all FDIC-insured Call 

Report filers, both commercial banks and savings institutions. Some 

tables are arrayed by groups of FDIC-insured institutions based 

on predominant types of asset concentration, while other tables 

aggregate institutions by asset size and geographic region. Quarterly 

and full-year data are provided for selected indicators, including 

aggregate condition and income data, performance ratios, condition 

ratios, and structural changes, as well as past due, noncurrent, and 

charge-off information for loans outstanding and other assets.

Tables I-B through VI-B.

The information presented in Tables I-B through VI-B is aggregated for all FDIC-insured commercial banks and savings institutions 

meeting the criteria for community banks that were developed for 

the FDIC’s Community Banking Study, published in December, 2012: 

https://www.fdic.gov/resources/community-banking/cbi-study.html.

The determination of which insured institutions are considered 

community banks is based on five steps.

The first step in defining a community bank is to aggregate all 

charter-level data reported under each holding company into a 

single banking organization. This aggregation applies both to 

balance-sheet measures and the number and location of banking 

offices. Under the FDIC definition, if the banking organization is 

designated as a community bank, every charter reporting under 

that organization is also considered a community bank when 

working with data at the charter level.

The second step is to exclude any banking organization where more 

than 50 percent of total assets are held in certain specialty banking 

charters, including: credit card specialists, consumer nonbank banks, 

industrial loan companies, trust companies, bankers’ banks, and banks 

holding 10 percent or more of total assets in foreign offices.

Once the specialty organizations are removed, the third step 

involves including organizations that engage in basic banking 

activities as measured by the total loans-to-assets ratio (greater 

than 33 percent) and the ratio of core deposits to assets (greater 

than 50 percent). Core deposits are defined as non-brokered deposits in domestic offices. Analysis of the underlying data shows that 

these thresholds establish meaningful levels of basic lending and 

deposit gathering and still allow for a degree of diversity in how 

individual banks construct their balance sheets.

The fourth step includes organizations that operate within a limited geographic scope. This limitation of scope is used as a proxy 

measure for a bank’s relationship approach to banking. Banks that 

operate within a limited market area have more ease in managing 

relationships at a personal level. Under this step, four criteria are 

applied to each banking organization. They include both a minimum and maximum number of total banking offices, a maximum 

level of deposits for any one office, and location-based criteria. 

The limits on the number of and deposits per office are adjusted 

upward quarterly. For banking offices, banks must have more 

than one office, and the maximum number of offices is 40 in 1985 

and reached 87 in 2016. The maximum level of deposits for any 

one office is $1.25 billion in deposits in 1985 and reached $6.97 

billion in deposits in 2016. The remaining geographic limitations 

are also based on maximums for the number of states (fixed at 3) 

and large metropolitan areas (fixed at 2) in which the organization 

maintains offices. Branch office data are based on the most recent 

data from the annual June 30 Summary of Deposits Survey that are 

available at the time of publication. 

Finally, the definition establishes an asset-size limit, also adjusted 

upward quarterly and below which the limits on banking activities and geographic scope are waived. The asset-size limit is $250 

million in 1985 and reached $1.39 billion in 2016. This final step 

acknowledges the fact that most of those small banks that are not 

excluded as specialty banks meet the requirements for banking 

activities and geographic limits in any event.

Summary of FDIC Research Definition of 

Community Banking Organizations

Community banks are designated at the level of the banking 

organization.

(All charters under designated holding companies are considered 

community banking charters.)

Exclude: Any organization with:

— No loans or no core deposits

— Foreign Assets ≥ 10% of total assets

— More than 50% of assets in certain specialty banks, including:

•	 credit card specialists

•	 consumer nonbank banks1

•	 industrial loan companies

•	 trust companies

•	 bankers’ banks

Include: All remaining banking organizations with:

— Total assets < indexed size threshold 2

— Total assets ≥ indexed size threshold, where:

•	 Loan to assets > 33%

•	 Core deposits to assets > 50%

•	 More than 1 office but no more than the indexed maxim

number of offices.3

•	 Number of large MSAs with offices ≤ 2

•	 Number of states with offices ≤ 3

•	 No single office with deposits > indexed maximum branch

deposit size.4

Tables I-C through IV-C.

A separate set of tables (Tables I-C through IV-C) provides comparative quarterly data related to the Deposit Insurance Fund (DIF), 

problem institutions, failed institutions, estimated FDIC-insured 

deposits, as well as assessment rate information. Depository insti1 Consumer nonbank banks are financial institutions with limited charters that 

can make commercial loans or take deposits, but not both.

2 Asset size threshold indexed to equal $250 million in 1985 and $1.39 billion in 

2016.

3 Maximum number of offices indexed to equal 40 in 1985 and 87 in 2016.

4 Maximum branch deposit size indexed to equal $1.25 billion in 1985 and 

$6.97 billion in 2016.
QUARTERLY BANKING PROFILE

FDIC QUARTERLY 27

tutions that are not insured by the FDIC through the DIF are not 

included in the FDIC Quarterly Banking Profile. U.S. branches of 

institutions headquartered in foreign countries and non-deposit 

trust companies are not included unless otherwise indicated. Efforts 

are made to obtain financial reports for all active institutions. 

However, in some cases, final financial reports are not available for 

institutions that have closed or converted their charters.

DATA SOURCES

The financial information appearing in this publication is obtained 

primarily from the Federal Financial Institutions Examination 

Council (FFIEC) Consolidated Reports of Condition and Income 

(Call Reports) and the OTS Thrift Financial Reports (TFR) submitted 

by all FDIC-insured depository institutions. (TFR filers began filing 

Call Reports effective with the quarter ending March 31, 2012.) This 

information is stored on and retrieved from the FDIC’s Research 

Information System (RIS) database.

COMPUTATION METHODOLOGY

Parent institutions are required to file consolidated reports, 

while their subsidiary financial institutions are still required to 

file separate reports. Data from subsidiary institution reports are 

included in the Quarterly Banking Profile tables, which can lead to 

double-counting. No adjustments are made for any double-counting of subsidiary data. Additionally, certain adjustments are made 

to the OTS Thrift Financial Reports to provide closer conformance 

with the reporting and accounting requirements of the FFIEC Call 

Reports. (TFR filers began filing Call Reports effective with the 

quarter ending March 31, 2012.)

All condition and performance ratios represent weighted averages, which is the sum of the individual numerator values divided 

by the sum of individual denominator values. All asset and liability 

figures used in calculating performance ratios represent average 

amounts for the period (beginning-of-period amount plus endof-period amount plus any interim periods, divided by the total 

number of periods). For “pooling-of-interest” mergers, the assets 

of the acquired institution(s) are included in average assets, since 

the year-to-date income includes the results of all merged institutions. No adjustments are made for “purchase accounting” mergers. Growth rates represent the percentage change over a 12-month 

period in totals for institutions in the base period to totals for institutions in the current period. For the community bank subgroup, 

growth rates will reflect changes over time in the number and 

identities of institutions designated as community banks, as well 

as changes in the assets and liabilities, and income and expenses of 

group members. Unless indicated otherwise, growth rates are not 

adjusted for mergers or other changes in the composition of the 

community bank subgroup. When community bank growth rates 

are adjusted for mergers, prior period balances used in the calculations represent totals for the current group of community bank 

reporters, plus prior period amounts for any institutions that were 

subsequently merged into current community banks.

All data are collected and presented based on the location of each 

reporting institution’s main office. Reported data may include 

assets and liabilities located outside of the reporting institution’s 

home state. In addition, institutions may relocate across state 

lines or change their charters, resulting in an inter-regional or 

inter-industry migration; institutions can move their home offices 

between regions, savings institutions can convert to commercial 

banks, or commercial banks may convert to savings institutions.

ACCOUNTING CHANGES

Financial accounting pronouncements by the Financial Accounting 

Standards Board (FASB) can result in changes in an individual 

bank’s accounting policies and in the Call Reports they submit. Such 

accounting changes can affect the aggregate amounts presented in 

the QBP for the current period and the period-to-period comparability of such financial data. 

The current quarter’s Financial Institution Letter (FIL) and related 

Call Report supplemental instructions can provide additional explanation to the QBP reader beyond any material accounting changes 

discussed in the QBP analysis.

https://www.fdic.gov/news/financial-institution-letters/2021/

fil21025.html 

https://www.fdic.gov/regulations/resources/call/call.html

Further information on changes in financial statement presentation, income recognition and disclosure is available from the FASB. http://www.fasb.org/jsp/FASB/Page/

LandingPage&cid=1175805317350.

DEFINITIONS (in alphabetical order)

All other assets – total cash, balances due from depository institutions, premises, fixed assets, direct investments in real estate, 

investment in unconsolidated subsidiaries, customers’ liability on 

acceptances outstanding, assets held in trading accounts, federal 

funds sold, securities purchased with agreements to resell, fair 

market value of derivatives, prepaid deposit insurance assessments, 

and other assets.

All other liabilities – bank’s liability on acceptances, limited-life 

preferred stock, allowance for estimated off-balance-sheet credit 

losses, fair market value of derivatives, and other liabilities.

Assessment base – effective April 1, 2011, the deposit insurance 

assessment base changed to “average consolidated total assets 

minus average tangible equity” with an additional adjustment to 

the assessment base for banker’s banks and custodial banks, as 

permitted under Dodd-Frank. Previously the assessment base was 

“assessable deposits” and consisted of deposits in banks’ domestic 

offices with certain adjustments.

Assessment rate schedule – Initial base assessment rates for 

small institutions are based on a combination of financial ratios and 

CAMELS component ratings. Initial rates for large institutions—

generally those with at least $10 billion in assets—are also based 

on CAMELS component ratings and certain financial measures 

combined into two scorecards—one for most large institutions and 

another for the remaining very large institutions that are structurally and operationally complex or that pose unique challenges and 

risks in case of failure (highly complex institutions). The FDIC may 

take additional information into account to make a limited adjustment to a large institution’s scorecard results, which are used to 

determine a large institution’s initial base assessment rate.

While risk categories for small institutions (except new institutions) were eliminated effective July 1, 2016, initial rates for small 

institutions are subject to minimums and maximums based on an 

institution’s CAMELS composite rating. (Risk categories for large 

institutions were eliminated in 2011.)

The current assessment rate schedule became effective July 1, 2016. 

Under the current schedule, initial base assessment rates range 

from 3 to 30 basis points. An institution’s total base assessment rate 
2021   •   Volume 15  • Number 2

28 FDIC QUARTERLY

may differ from its initial rate due to three possible adjustments: 

(1) Unsecured Debt Adjustment: An institution’s rate may decrease 

by up to 5 basis points for unsecured debt. The unsecured debt 

adjustment cannot exceed the lesser of 5 basis points or 50 percent 

of an institution’s initial base assessment rate (IBAR). Thus, for 

example, an institution with an IBAR of 3 basis points would have a 

maximum unsecured debt adjustment of 1.5 basis points and could 

not have a total base assessment rate lower than 1.5 basis points. 

(2) Depository Institution Debt Adjustment: For institutions that 

hold long-term unsecured debt issued by another insured depository institution, a 50 basis point charge is applied to the amount of 

such debt held in excess of 3 percent of an institution’s Tier 1 capital. (3) Brokered Deposit Adjustment: Rates for large institutions 

that are not well capitalized or do not have a composite CAMELS 

rating of 1 or 2 may increase (not to exceed 10 basis points) if their 

brokered deposits exceed 10 percent of domestic deposits.

The assessment rate schedule effective July 1, 2016, is shown in the 

following table:

Total Base Assessment Rates*

Established Small Banks Large and 

Highly 

Complex 

Institutions**

CAMELS Composite

1 or 2 3 4 or 5

Initial Base 

Assessment Rate 3 to 16 6 to 30 16 to 30 3 to 30

Unsecured Debt 

Adjustment -5 to 0 -5 to 0 -5 to 0 -5 to 0

Brokered Deposit 

Adjustment N/A N/A N/A 0 to 10

Total Base 

Assessment Rate 1.5 to 16 3 to 30 11 to 30 1.5 to 40

* All amounts for all categories are in basis points annually. Total base rates that are not the 

minimum or maximum rate will vary between these rates. Total base assessment rates do not 

include the depository institution debt adjustment.

 ** Effective July 1, 2016, large institutions are also subject to temporary assessment 

surcharges in order to raise the reserve ratio from 1.15 percent to 1.35  percent. The 

surcharges amount to 4.5 basis points of a large institution’s assessment base (after making 

certain adjustments).

Each institution is assigned a risk-based rate for a quarterly assessment period near the end of the quarter following the assessment 

period. Payment is generally due on the 30th day of the last month 

of the quarter following the assessment period. Supervisory rating 

changes are effective for assessment purposes as of the examination transmittal date.

Assets securitized and sold – total outstanding principal balance of assets securitized and sold with servicing retained or other 

seller-provided credit enhancements.

Capital Purchase Program (CPP) – as announced in October 2008 

under the TARP, the Treasury Department purchase of noncumulative perpetual preferred stock and related warrants that is treated 

as Tier 1 capital for regulatory capital purposes is included in “Total 

equity capital.” Such warrants to purchase common stock or noncumulative preferred stock issued by publicly-traded banks are 

reflected as well in “Surplus.” Warrants to purchase common stock 

or noncumulative preferred stock of not-publicly-traded bank 

stock are classified in a bank’s balance sheet as “Other liabilities.”

Common equity Tier 1 capital ratio – ratio of common equity 

Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets. Common equity Tier 1 capital 

includes common stock instruments and related surplus, retained 

earnings, accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI), and 

limited amounts of common equity Tier 1 minority interest, minus 

applicable regulatory adjustments and deductions. Items that are 

fully deducted from common equity Tier 1 capital include goodwill, 

other intangible assets (excluding mortgage servicing assets) and 

certain deferred tax assets; items that are subject to limits in common equity Tier 1 capital include mortgage servicing assets, eligible 

deferred tax assets, and certain significant investments. Beginning 

March 2020, this ratio does not include institutions that have a 

Community Bank Leverage Ratio election in effect at the report 

date.

Construction and development loans – includes loans for all 

property types under construction, as well as loans for land acquisition and development.

Core capital – common equity capital plus noncumulative perpetual preferred stock plus minority interest in consolidated subsidiaries, less goodwill and other ineligible intangible assets. The amount 

of eligible intangibles (including servicing rights) included in core 

capital is limited in accordance with supervisory capital regulations.

Cost of funding earning assets – total interest expense paid on 

deposits and other borrowed money as a percentage of average 

earning assets.

Credit enhancements – techniques whereby a company attempts 

to reduce the credit risk of its obligations. Credit enhancement may 

be provided by a third party (external credit enhancement) or by the 

originator (internal credit enhancement), and more than one type 

of enhancement may be associated with a given issuance.

Deposit Insurance Fund (DIF) – the Bank (BIF) and Savings 

Association (SAIF) Insurance Funds were merged in 2006 by the 

Federal Deposit Insurance Reform Act to form the DIF.

Derivatives notional amount – the notional, or contractual, 

amounts of derivatives represent the level of involvement in the 

types of derivatives transactions and are not a quantification of 

market risk or credit risk. Notional amounts represent the amounts 

used to calculate contractual cash flows to be exchanged.

Derivatives credit equivalent amount – the fair value of the 

derivative plus an additional amount for potential future credit 

exposure based on the notional amount, the remaining maturity 

and type of the contract.

Derivatives transaction types:

Futures and forward contracts – contracts in which the buyer 

agrees to purchase and the seller agrees to sell, at a specified 

future date, a specific quantity of an underlying variable or index 

at a specified price or yield. These contracts exist for a variety of 

variables or indices, (traditional agricultural or physical commodities, as well as currencies and interest rates). Futures contracts are standardized and are traded on organized exchanges 

which set limits on counterparty credit exposure. Forward contracts do not have standardized terms and are traded over the 

counter.

Option contracts – contracts in which the buyer acquires the 

right to buy from or sell to another party some specified amount 

of an underlying variable or index at a stated price (strike price) 

during a period or on a specified future date, in return for compensation (such as a fee or premium). The seller is obligated to 

purchase or sell the variable or index at the discretion of the 

buyer of the contract.

Swaps – obligations between two parties to exchange a series 

of cash flows at periodic intervals (settlement dates), for a 
QUARTERLY BANKING PROFILE

FDIC QUARTERLY 29

specified period. The cash flows of a swap are either fixed, or 

determined for each settlement date by multiplying the quantity 

(notional principal) of the underlying variable or index by specified reference rates or prices. Except for currency swaps, the 

notional principal is used to calculate each payment but is not 

exchanged.

Derivatives underlying risk exposure – the potential exposure 

characterized by the level of banks’ concentration in particular 

underlying instruments, in general. Exposure can result from 

market risk, credit risk, and operational risk, as well as, interest 

rate risk.

Domestic deposits to total assets – total domestic office deposits 

as a percent of total assets on a consolidated basis.

Earning assets – all loans and other investments that earn interest 

or dividend income.

Efficiency ratio – Noninterest expense less amortization of intangible assets as a percent of net interest income plus noninterest 

income. This ratio measures the proportion of net operating revenues that are absorbed by overhead expenses, so that a lower value 

indicates greater efficiency.

Estimated insured deposits – in general, insured deposits are 

total domestic deposits minus estimated uninsured deposits. 

Beginning March 31, 2008, for institutions that file Call Reports, 

insured deposits are total assessable deposits minus estimated 

uninsured deposits. Beginning September 30, 2009, insured 

deposits include deposits in accounts of $100,000 to $250,000 

that are covered by a temporary increase in the FDIC’s standard 

maximum deposit insurance amount (SMDIA). The Dodd-Frank 

Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act enacted on July 

21, 2010, made permanent the standard maximum deposit insurance amount (SMDIA) of $250,000. Also, the Dodd-Frank Act 

amended the Federal Deposit Insurance Act to include noninterestbearing transaction accounts as a new temporary deposit insurance 

account category. All funds held in noninterest-bearing transaction 

accounts were fully insured, without limit, from December 31, 2010, 

through December 31, 2012.

Failed/assisted institutions – an institution fails when regulators 

take control of the institution, placing the assets and liabilities into 

a bridge bank, conservatorship, receivership, or another healthy 

institution. This action may require the FDIC to provide funds to 

cover losses. An institution is defined as “assisted” when the institution remains open and receives assistance in order to continue 

operating.

Fair Value – the valuation of various assets and liabilities on the 

balance sheet—including trading assets and liabilities, availablefor-sale securities, loans held for sale, assets and liabilities accounted for under the fair value option, and foreclosed assets—involves 

the use of fair values. During periods of market stress, the fair values 

of some financial instruments and nonfinancial assets may decline.

FHLB advances – all borrowings by FDIC-insured institutions 

from the Federal Home Loan Bank System (FHLB), as reported by 

Call Report filers, and by TFR filers prior to March 31, 2012.

Goodwill and other intangibles – intangible assets include 

servicing rights, purchased credit card relationships, and other 

identifiable intangible assets. Goodwill is the excess of the purchase 

price over the fair market value of the net assets acquired, less 

subsequent impairment adjustments. Other intangible assets are 

recorded at fair value, less subsequent quarterly amortization and 

impairment adjustments.

Loans secured by real estate – includes home equity loans, junior 

liens secured by 1-4 family residential properties, and all other 

loans secured by real estate.

Loans to individuals – includes outstanding credit card balances 

and other secured and unsecured consumer loans.

Long-term assets (5+ years) – loans and debt securities with 

remaining maturities or repricing intervals of over five years.

Maximum credit exposure – the maximum contractual credit 

exposure remaining under recourse arrangements and other sellerprovided credit enhancements provided by the reporting bank to 

securitizations.

Mortgage-backed securities – certificates of participation in pools 

of residential mortgages and collateralized mortgage obligations 

issued or guaranteed by government-sponsored or private enterprises. Also, see “Securities,” below.

Net charge-offs – total loans and leases charged off (removed from 

balance sheet because of uncollectability), less amounts recovered 

on loans and leases previously charged off.

Net interest margin – the difference between interest and dividends earned on interest-bearing assets and interest paid to depositors and other creditors, expressed as a percentage of average 

earning assets. No adjustments are made for interest income that is 

tax exempt.

Net loans to total assets – loans and lease financing receivables, 

net of unearned income, allowance and reserves, as a percent of 

total assets on a consolidated basis.

Net operating income – income excluding discretionary transactions such as gains (or losses) on the sale of investment securities 

and extraordinary items. Income taxes subtracted from operating 

income have been adjusted to exclude the portion applicable to 

securities gains (or losses).

Noncurrent assets – the sum of loans, leases, debt securities, and 

other assets that are 90 days or more past due, or in nonaccrual 

status.

Noncurrent loans & leases – the sum of loans and leases 90 days 

or more past due, and loans and leases in nonaccrual status.

Number of institutions reporting – the number of institutions 

that actually filed a financial report.

New reporters – insured institutions filing quarterly financial 

reports for the first time.

Other borrowed funds – federal funds purchased, securities 

sold with agreements to repurchase, demand notes issued to the 

U.S. Treasury, FHLB advances, other borrowed money, mortgage 

indebtedness, obligations under capitalized leases and trading liabilities, less revaluation losses on assets held in trading accounts.

Other real estate owned – primarily foreclosed property. Direct 

and indirect investments in real estate ventures are excluded. The 

amount is reflected net of valuation allowances. For institutions 

that filed a Thrift Financial Report (TFR), the valuation allowance 

subtracted also includes allowances for other repossessed assets. 

Also, for TFR filers the components of other real estate owned are 

reported gross of valuation allowances. (TFR filers began filing Call 

Reports effective with the quarter ending March 31, 2012.)

Percent of institutions with earnings gains – the percent of 

institutions that increased their net income (or decreased their 

losses) compared to the same period a year earlier.
2021   •   Volume 15  • Number 2

30 FDIC QUARTERLY

“Problem” institutions – federal regulators assign a composite 

rating to each financial institution, based upon an evaluation of 

financial and operational criteria. The rating is based on a scale of 

1 to 5 in ascending order of supervisory concern. “Problem” institutions are those institutions with financial, operational, or managerial weaknesses that threaten their continued financial viability. 

Depending upon the degree of risk and supervisory concern, they 

are rated either a “4” or “5.” The number and assets of “problem” 

institutions are based on FDIC composite ratings. Prior to March 31, 

2008, for institutions whose primary federal regulator was the OTS, 

the OTS composite rating was used.

Recourse – an arrangement in which a bank retains, in form or in 

substance, any credit risk directly or indirectly associated with an 

asset it has sold (in accordance with generally accepted accounting 

principles) that exceeds a pro rata share of the bank’s claim on the 

asset. If a bank has no claim on an asset it has sold, then the retention of any credit risk is recourse.

Reserves for losses – the allowance for loan and lease losses on a 

consolidated basis.

Restructured loans and leases – loan and lease financing receivables with terms restructured from the original contract. Excludes 

restructured loans and leases that are not in compliance with the 

modified terms.

Retained earnings – net income less cash dividends on common 

and preferred stock for the reporting period.

Return on assets – bank net income (including gains or losses on 

securities and extraordinary items) as a percentage of average total 

(consolidated) assets. The basic yardstick of bank profitability.

Return on equity – bank net income (including gains or losses on 

securities and extraordinary items) as a percentage of average total 

equity capital.

Risk-weighted assets – assets adjusted for risk-based capital 

definitions which include on-balance-sheet as well as off-balancesheet items multiplied by risk-weights that range from zero to 

200 percent. A conversion factor is used to assign a balance sheet 

equivalent amount for selected off-balance-sheet accounts.

Securities – excludes securities held in trading accounts. Banks’ 

securities portfolios consist of securities designated as “held-tomaturity” (reported at amortized cost (book value)), securities designated as “available-for-sale” (reported at fair (market) value), 

and equity securities with readily determinable fair values not held 

for trading.

Securities gains (losses) – realized gains (losses) on held-tomaturity and available-for-sale securities, before adjustments for 

income taxes. Thrift Financial Report (TFR) filers also include gains 

(losses) on the sales of assets held for sale. (TFR filers began filing 

Call Reports effective with the quarter ending March 31, 2012.)

Seller’s interest in institution’s own securitizations – the 

reporting bank’s ownership interest in loans and other assets that 

have been securitized, except an interest that is a form of recourse 

or other seller-provided credit enhancement. Seller’s interests 

differ from the securities issued to investors by the securitization 

structure. The principal amount of a seller’s interest is generally 

equal to the total principal amount of the pool of assets included 

in the securitization structure less the principal amount of those 

assets attributable to investors, i.e., in the form of securities issued 

to investors.

Small Business Lending Fund – The Small Business Lending 

Fund (SBLF) was enacted into law in September 2010 as part 

of the Small Business Jobs Act of 2010 to encourage lending to 

small businesses by providing capital to qualified community 

institutions with assets of less than $10 billion. The SBLF Program 

is administered by the U.S. Treasury Department (https://

home.treasury.gov/policy-issues/small-business-programs/

small-business-lending-fund).

Under the SBLF Program, the Treasury Department purchased 

noncumulative perpetual preferred stock from qualifying 

depository institutions and holding companies (other than 

Subchapter S and mutual institutions). When this stock has been 

issued by a depository institution, it is reported as “Perpetual 

preferred stock and related surplus.” For regulatory capital 

purposes, this noncumulative perpetual preferred stock qualifies as 

a component of Tier 1 capital. Qualifying Subchapter S corporations 

and mutual institutions issue unsecured subordinated debentures to 

the Treasury Department through the SBLF. Depository institutions 

that issued these debentures report them as “Subordinated notes 

and debentures.” For regulatory capital purposes, the debentures 

are eligible for inclusion in an institution’s Tier 2 capital in 

accordance with their primary federal regulator’s capital standards. 

To participate in the SBLF Program, an institution with outstanding 

securities issued to the Treasury Department under the Capital 

Purchase Program (CPP) was required to refinance or repay in full 

the CPP securities at the time of the SBLF funding. Any outstanding 

warrants that an institution issued to the Treasury Department 

under the CPP remain outstanding after the refinancing of the CPP 

stock through the SBLF Program unless the institution chooses to 

repurchase them.

Subchapter S corporation – a Subchapter S corporation is treated 

as a pass-through entity, similar to a partnership, for federal 

income tax purposes. It is generally not subject to any federal 

income taxes at the corporate level. This can have the effect of 

reducing institutions’ reported taxes and increasing their after-tax 

earnings.

Trust assets – market value, or other reasonably available value of 

fiduciary and related assets, to include marketable securities, and 

other financial and physical assets. Common physical assets held 

in fiduciary accounts include real estate, equipment, collectibles, 

and household goods. Such fiduciary assets are not included in the 

assets of the financial institution.

Unearned income and contra accounts – unearned income for 

Call Report filers only.

Unused loan commitments – includes credit card lines, home 

equity lines, commitments to make loans for construction, loans 

secured by commercial real estate, and unused commitments to 

originate or purchase loans. (Excluded are commitments after 

June 2003 for originated mortgage loans held for sale, which are 

accounted for as derivatives on the balance sheet.)

Yield on earning assets – total interest, dividend, and fee income 

earned on loans and investments as a percentage of average 

earning assets.