1 

QUARTERLY 

Realized Securities Gains/Losses, Net $ Billions Net Operating Income 

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 

Source: FDIC. 

-20 

0 

20 

40 

60 

80 

100 

120 

140 

160 

180 

200 

220 

240 

260 

280 

Realized Securities Gains/Losses, Net $ Billions

Net Operating Income 

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 

Source: FDIC. 

-40 

-20 

0 

20 

40 

60 

80 

2023 VOLUME 17, NUMBER 1 

INSURED INSTITUTION PERFORMANCE 

Full-Year 2022 Net Income Was Lower Than in 2021, but Still Higher Than the Pre-Pandemic Average1 

Lower Noninterest Income and Higher Provisions Drove a Modest Decline in Net Income Quarter Over Quarter 

The Net Interest Margin Widened for the Third Consecutive Quarter 

Unrealized Losses on Securities Declined Quarter Over Quarter but Remain Elevated 

Broad-Based Loan Growth Continued in the Fourth Quarter 

Asset Quality Remained Favorable Despite Modest Deterioration 

Insured Deposits Increased Moderately 

FULL-YEAR 2022 NET INCOME 

WAS LOWER THAN IN 2021, BUT 

STILL HIGHER THAN THE 

PRE-PANDEMIC AVERAGE 

The banking industry reported full-year 2022 net income that was 

above the pre-pandemic average but lower than full-year 2021 net 

income. Net income in 2022 was $263.0 billion, down $16.1 billion 

(5.8 percent) from 2021. The decrease was primarily attributable to 

higher provision expenses (up $82.6 billion) and higher noninterest 

expense (up $27.4 billion) that more than offset an increase in net 

interest income (up $105.5 billion). The aggregate return on average 

assets (ROAA) ratio decreased from 1.23 percent in 2021 to 1.12 percent 

in 2022. 

QUARTERLY NET INCOME 

DECREASED FROM THE 

THIRD QUARTER 

Quarterly net income totaled $68.4 billion in fourth quarter 2022, a 

decrease of $3.3 billion (4.6 percent) from the third quarter. Lower 

noninterest income and higher provision expense more than offset 

an increase in net interest income. Year-over-year net income grew 

$4.5 billion (7.1 percent) from fourth quarter 2021 as growth in net 

interest income exceeded growth in provision expense. 

Chart 1 

Full-Year Net Income 

All FDIC-Insured Institutions 

Chart 2 

Quarterly Net Income 

All FDIC-Insured Institutions 

1 The “pre-pandemic average” refers to the period first quarter 2015 through fourth quarter 2019 and is used consistently throughout this report. 
QUARTERLY 

 Assets > $250 Billion Assets $100 Million - $1 Billion

 Assets $10 Billion - $250 Billion Assets < $100 Million 

Percent Assets $1 Billion - $10 Billion 

5.0 

4.5 

4.0 

3.5 

3.0 

2.5 

2.0 

1.5 

1.0 

0.5 

0.0 

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 

Source: FDIC. 

Quarter-Over-Quarter Change 

($ Billions) 

50 

40 

30 

20 

10 

0 

-10 

-20 

-30 

-40 

-50 

-60 

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 

Source: FDIC. 

2023 VOLUME 17, NUMBER 1 

The banking industry reported an ROAA of 1.16 percent in the fourth 

quarter, down from 1.21 percent in the third quarter but up from 

1.09 percent in the year-ago quarter. 

THE NET INTEREST MARGIN 

WIDENED FOR THE THIRD 

CONSECUTIVE QUARTER 

The net interest margin (NIM) increased 23 basis points from a quarter 

ago and 82 basis points from the year-ago quarter to 3.37 percent, 

above the pre-pandemic average of 3.25 percent. The year-over-year 

growth in the NIM was the largest reported basis point increase in the 

history of the Quarterly Banking Profile (QBP). 

The average yield on earning assets increased 76 basis points from 

third quarter 2022 to 4.54 percent due to strong loan growth and higher 

market interest rates. This was a slight acceleration over the 73 basispoint increase reported in the prior quarter. Yields on total loans 

increased 73 basis points quarter over quarter to 5.76 percent, a slight 

increase from the previous quarter’s increase of 65 basis points. Yields 

on other earning assets, including balances due from other institutions 

and fed funds sold, also increased. 

Average funding costs increased 53 basis points from the prior quarter 

to 1.17 percent. Higher deposit interest expense was responsible for 

76.3 percent of the quarterly increase in average funding costs. The 

cost of deposits increased 46 basis points quarter over quarter, to 

0.99 percent, an increase over the previous quarter’s 34 basis point 

increase. 

Chart 3 

Quarterly Net Interest Margin 

All FDIC-Insured Institutions 

Chart 4 

Change in Quarterly Loan-Loss Provisions 

All FDIC-Insured Institutions 

2 
QUARTERLY 

$ Billions

1,400

1,200 

1,000 

800 

600 

400 

200 

0

-200 

-400

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 

Source: FDIC. 

Quarterly Change (Le ̃ Axis) Percent $ Billions 12-Month Growth Rate (Right Axis) 500 15 

400 

10

300 

200 5 

100 

0 0 

-100 

-5 

-200 

-300 -10 

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Source: FDIC. 

Note: ASC Topics 810 and 860 resulted in the consolidation of large amounts of securitized loan balances 

back onto banks’ balance sheets in the first quarter of 2010. Although the amount consolidated cannot be 

precisely quantified, the industry would have reported a decline in loan balances for the quarter absent

this change in accounting standards. 

2023 VOLUME 17, NUMBER 1 

NET OPERATING REVENUE 

DECLINED 1 PERCENT QUARTER 

OVER QUARTER BUT ROSE 

SUBSTANTIALLY YEAR OVER YEAR 

Net operating revenue (net interest income plus noninterest income) 

decreased 1.0 percent quarter over quarter to $242.9 billion in fourth 

quarter 2022 as lower noninterest income (down $13.8 billion, or 

17.9 percent) nearly offset strong net interest income growth (up 

$11.3 billion, or 6.7 percent). Lower “all other noninterest income” 

and lower income on foreign exchange contracts drove the decline in 

noninterest income.2 Interest income grew $39.5 billion (19.5 percent) 

from third quarter 2022 and partially offset a $28.2 billion 

(82.9 percent) increase in interest expense. From the year-ago quarter, 

net operating revenue rose $33.3 billion (15.9 percent) as net interest 

income grew $42.9 billion (31.3 percent), more than offsetting a 

$9.6 billion (13.2 percent) decline in noninterest income. 

NONINTEREST EXPENSE DECLINED 

QUARTER OVER QUARTER 

Noninterest expense declined $3.4 billion (2.5 percent) quarter over 

quarter. A decline in “all other noninterest expense” offset increased 

premises and fixed asset costs and increased compensation costs, 

driving the decline in noninterest expense during the quarter.3

 Year 

over year, noninterest expense rose $2.0 billion (1.5 percent), outpacing 

average asset growth of 0.6 percent. As a result, the ratio of noninterest 

expense to average assets increased 2 basis points from the year-ago 

quarter to 2.30 percent but remained well below the pre-pandemic 

average of 2.61 percent. 

Chart 5 

Quarterly Change in Loan Balances 

All FDIC-Insured Institutions 

Chart 6 

Quarterly Change in Deposits 

All FDIC-Insured Institutions 

2 “All other noninterest income” includes, but is not limited to, income on bank and credit card interchange fees, income from fees on wire transfers, intracompany 

transactions, and earnings on the cash surrender value of life insurance. 

3 “All other noninterest expense” includes, but is not limited to, expenses related to data processing, advertising and marketing, legal fees, intracompany transactions, and 

consulting and advisory fees. 

3 
QUARTERLY 

2023 VOLUME 17, NUMBER 1 

Although the industry reported an aggregate increase in noninterest 

expense year over year, the efficiency ratio (noninterest expense to net 

operating revenue) declined 8.0 percentage points from the year-ago 

quarter to 55.2 percent, led by strong growth in net interest income. 

The efficiency ratio declined for all QBP asset size groups. 

THE LARGEST BANKS CONTINUED 

TO DRIVE THE INCREASE IN 

PROVISION EXPENSE 

Provision expense increased to $20.7 billion from $14.7 billion last 

quarter and negative $732.0 million in the year-ago quarter.4 The net 

number of banks reporting adoption of current expected credit loss 

(CECL) accounting increased by 43 from third quarter 2022 to 392.5 

CECL adopters reported aggregate provisions of $19.1 billion in fourth 

quarter, $7.4 billion more than third quarter 2022 and $20.7 billion 

more than one year ago. Provision expense for banks that have not 

adopted CECL accounting totaled $1.7 billion, down $1.3 billion from a 

quarter ago but up $774.7 million from one year ago. 

The reserve coverage ratio (the ratio of the allowance for credit losses 

to noncurrent loans) for all insured institutions was 217.6 percent at 

fourth quarter 2022, a modest increase from the third quarter 2022 

level of 214.8 percent. The fourth quarter 2022 figure is the highest 

since the data series began in first quarter 1984.6 

Chart 7 

Noncurrent Loan Rate and Quarterly Net Charge-O
 Rate 

All FDIC-Insured Institutions 

Chart 8 

Number and Assets of Banks on the “Problem Bank List” 

All FDIC-Insured Institutions 

4 Provisions for credit losses include both losses for loans and securities for CECL adopters but only loan losses for non-adopters. 

5 Changes to the number of CECL accounting adopters may result from closures, mergers and acquisitions, or examination or audit findings. 

6 The reserve coverage ratio is the ratio of the allowance for credit losses to the total of loans that are 90 days or more past due plus the total of loans in nonaccrual status. 

4 
QUARTERLY 2023 VOLUME 17, NUMBER 1 

BANKING INDUSTRY 

ASSETS DECLINED 

Total assets declined $31.6 billion (0.1 percent) from third quarter 

2022 to $23.6 trillion. While total loan and lease balances increased 

$225.5 billion (1.9 percent) from third quarter 2022, cash and balances 

due from depository institutions declined $111.9 billion (4.2 percent), 

assets in trading accounts declined $95.5 billion (11.6 percent), and 

total securities declined $40.1 billion (0.7 percent). 

Annually, total assets decreased $119.8 billion (0.5 percent). Total loan 

and lease balances increased $979.9 billion (8.7 percent) but were 

more than offset by declines in cash and balances due from depository 

institutions of $981.2 billion (27.6 percent). Securities also declined 

$361.9 billion (5.8 percent) from one year ago. 

UNREALIZED LOSSES ON 

SECURITIES REMAIN ELEVATED 

Unrealized losses on securities totaled $620.4 billion in the fourth 

quarter, down 10.1 percent ($69.5 billion) from the prior quarter. 

Unrealized losses on held-to-maturity securities totaled $340.9 billion 

while unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities totaled 

$279.5 billion in the fourth quarter. 

LOAN BALANCES INCREASED 

FROM THE PREVIOUS QUARTER 

AND A YEAR AGO 

Total loan and lease balances increased $225.5 billion (1.9 percent) 

from the previous quarter. The banking industry reported growth in 

several loan portfolios during the quarter, including credit card loans 

(up $74.0 billion, or 7.9 percent) and 1–4 family residential loans (up 

$43.8 billion, or 1.8 percent). 

Year over year, total loan and lease balances increased $979.9 billion 

(8.7 percent), driven by growth in commercial and industrial (C&I) 

loans (up $223.3 billion, or 9.7 percent), 1–4 family residential 

mortgages (up $220.5 billion, or 9.8 percent), and consumer loans 

(up $188.6 billion, or 10 percent). The annual increase in loan balances 

was the second largest in the history of the QBP, surpassed only by the 

increase last quarter. 

5 
QUARTERLY 2023 VOLUME 17, NUMBER 1 

TOTAL DEPOSITS DECLINED 

MODERATELY FOR THE THIRD 

QUARTER IN A ROW, BUT 

INSURED DEPOSITS INCREASED 

Despite an increase in insured deposits in the fourth quarter, total 

deposits declined $143.3 billion (0.7 percent) between third quarter 

2022 and fourth quarter 2022. This was the third consecutive quarter 

that the industry reported lower levels of total deposits. A reduction 

in uninsured deposits was the primary driver of the quarterly decline. 

A decline in deposit accounts with balances greater than $250,000 

(down $226.4 billion, or 2.2 percent) led the quarterly reduction. As of 

fourth quarter 2022, deposits represented 81.4 percent of total assets, 

well above the pre-pandemic average of 76.7 percent. The decline in 

deposits in fourth quarter 2022 was accompanied by a $322.5 billion 

(7.5 percent) increase in wholesale funding for the industry from the 

prior quarter.7 

EARLY-STAGE DELINQUENCIES 

CONTINUED TO RISE MODESTLY 

The rate of loans and leases 30 to 89 days past due increased 4 basis 

points from the last quarter and 5 basis points from the year-ago 

quarter to 0.56 percent. The quarterly increase was driven by an 

increase in past-due 1-4 residential mortgage loans and auto loans. 

Despite the recent increase, the overall past-due rate remains below 

the pre-pandemic average of 0.66 percent. 

THE NONCURRENT LOAN RATE 

INCREASED SLIGHTLY FROM 

THE PRIOR QUARTER 

The share of loans and leases 90 days or more past due or in nonaccrual 

status increased 1 basis point from the prior quarter and decreased 

15 basis points from the year-ago quarter to 0.73 percent. From the 

prior quarter, noncurrent credit card loan balances increased most 

among noncurrent loan categories, resulting in an 18 basis point 

increase in the credit card noncurrent rate to 1.19 percent. Half of 

all banks (50.0 percent) reported lower noncurrent loan balances 

compared with third quarter 2022. 

AN INCREASE IN NET LOSSES ON 

CREDIT CARD AND AUTO LOANS 

DROVE AN INCREASE IN THE 

NET CHARGE-OFF RATE 

The annual increase in the net charge off rate for auto loans (up 

83 basis points to 1.13 percent) and credit card loans (up 87 basis 

points to 2.50 percent) drove a 15 basis point increase in the total net 

charge-off rate for all loans and leases to 0.36 percent from the yearago quarter. Despite this increase, the industry’s net charge-off rate 

remains near historic lows. 

7 Wholesale funding includes federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreement to repurchase; Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings; brokered (net of reciprocal 

deposits), municipal and state, and foreign deposits (which are not FDIC insured); other borrowings; and listing services. 

6 
QUARTERLY 2023 VOLUME 17, NUMBER 1 

CAPITAL RATIOS 

REMAINED STRONG 

The leverage capital ratio increased 11 basis points from a quarter 

ago to 8.98 percent. The total risk-based capital ratio increased 

11 basis points to 14.94 percent, and the tier 1 risk-based capital ratio 

increased 7 basis points to 13.65 percent as capital formation outpaced 

risk-weighted asset growth. Equity capital increased $42.6 billion 

(2.0 percent) in fourth quarter 2022, boosted by an improvement in 

accumulated other comprehensive income (up $21.8 billion) from third 

quarter as stabilization in certain market interest rates improved the 

value of some available-for-sale investment securities. 

Retained earnings decreased $22.5 billion (66.6 percent) from a quarter 

ago. Banks distributed 83.5 percent of fourth quarter earnings as 

dividends, up from 52.8 percent reported in third quarter 2022. The 

number of institutions with capital ratios that did not meet Prompt 

Corrective Action requirements for the well-capitalized category 

increased by 1 from third quarter 2022 to 11.8 

THREE BANKS OPENED AND 

NO BANKS FAILED IN 

FOURTH QUARTER 2022 

The number of FDIC-insured institutions declined from 4,746 in third 

quarter to 4,706 this quarter. In fourth quarter, three banks opened 

and 36 institutions merged with other FDIC-insured institutions. 

Seven institutions ceased operations. The number of banks on the 

FDIC’s “Problem Bank List” decreased by 3 from third quarter to 39, 

the lowest level in QBP history. Total assets of problem banks declined 

$116.3 billion to $47.5 billion.9 No banks failed in the fourth quarter. 

Author: 

James K. Presley-Nelson 

Senior Financial Analyst 

Division of Insurance and Research 

8 Prompt Corrective Action categories are assigned based on reported capital ratios only and do not include the effects of regulatory downgrades. 

9 The asset value of insured financial institutions on the Problem Bank List is the amount known on the last day of third quarter 2022, the most current information available 

on December 31, 2022. 

7 
QUARTERLY 

TABLE I-A. Selected Indicators, All FDIC-Insured Institutions* 

2023 VOLUME 17, NUMBER 1 

2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 

Return on assets (%) 

Return on equity (%) 

Core capital (leverage) ratio (%) 

Noncurrent assets plus other real estate owned to assets (%) 

Net charge-offs to loans (%) 

Asset growth rate (%) 

Net interest margin (%) 

Net operating income growth (%) 

Number of institutions reporting 

Commercial banks 

Savings institutions 

Percentage of unprofitable institutions (%) 

Number of problem institutions 

Assets of problem institutions (in billions)** 

Number of failed institutions 

1.12 1.23 0.72 1.29 1.35 0.97 1.04 

11.83 12.21 6.85 11.38 11.98 8.60 9.27 

8.98 8.73 8.82 9.66 9.70 9.63 9.48 

0.39 0.44 0.61 0.55 0.60 0.73 0.86 

0.27 0.25 0.50 0.52 0.48 0.50 0.47 

-0.51 8.46 17.29 3.92 3.03 3.79 5.09 

2.95 2.54 2.82 3.36 3.40 3.25 3.13 

-3.60 96.89 -38.77 -3.14 45.45 -3.27 4.43 

4,706 4,839 5,002 5,177 5,406 5,670 5,913 

4,127 4,232 4,375 4,518 4,715 4,918 5,112 

579 607 627 659 691 752 801 

3.40 3.10 4.68 3.73 3.46 5.61 4.48 

39 44 56 51 60 95 123 

$47 $170 $56 $46 $48 $14 $28 

0 0 4 4 0 8 5 

* Excludes insured branches of foreign banks (IBAs).

** Assets shown are what were on record as of the last day of the quarter. 

8 
QUARTERLY 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2023 VOLUME 17, NUMBER 1 

TABLE II-A. Aggregate Condition and Income Data, All FDIC-Insured Institutions 

(dollar figures in millions) 4th Quarter 

2022 

3rd Quarter 

2022 

4th Quarter 

2021 

%Change

21Q4-22Q4 

Number of institutions reporting 4,706 4,746 4,839 -2.7 

Total employees (full-time equivalent) 

CONDITION DATA 

2,124,274 2,114,159 2,069,043 2.7 

Total assets $23,600,014 $23,631,650 $23,719,827 -0.5 

Loans secured by real estate 5,766,020 5,651,736 5,259,867 9.6 

1-4 Family residential mortgages 2,479,491 2,435,702 2,259,041 9.8 

Nonfarm nonresidential 1,777,451 1,746,329 1,646,474 8.0 

Construction and development 467,649 447,240 401,583 16.5 

Home equity lines 273,008 270,561 265,103 3.0 

Commercial & industrial loans 2,533,139 2,502,942 2,309,808 9.7 

Loans to individuals 2,070,610 2,001,069 1,881,992 10.0 

Credit cards 1,009,401 935,418 871,083 15.9 

Farm loans 76,759 74,555 74,103 3.6 

Other loans & leases 1,782,289 1,772,993 1,723,336 3.4 

Less: Unearned income 1,942 1,897 2,130 -8.8 

Total loans & leases 12,226,876 12,001,398 11,246,976 8.7 

Less: Reserve for losses* 195,300 185,556 178,207 9.6 

Net loans and leases 12,031,576 11,815,842 11,068,769 8.7 

Securities** 5,884,011 5,924,089 6,245,863 -5.8 

Other real estate owned 2,596 2,731 2,962 -12.3 

Goodwill and other intangibles 430,077 425,538 404,354 6.4 

All other assets 5,251,754 5,463,450 5,997,879 -12.4 

Total liabilities and capital 23,600,014 23,631,650 23,719,827 -0.5 

Deposits 19,214,554 19,357,843 19,701,959 -2.5 

Domestic office deposits 17,725,365 17,892,188 18,189,582 -2.6 

Foreign office deposits 1,489,189 1,465,655 1,512,378 -1.5 

Other borrowed funds 1,351,863 1,254,368 955,344 41.5 

Subordinated debt 65,187 63,299 66,395 -1.8 

All other liabilities 761,090 791,405 636,516 19.6 

Total equity capital (includes minority interests) 2,207,319 2,164,735 2,359,612 -6.5 

Bank equity capital 2,205,131 2,162,573 2,357,415 -6.5 

Loans and leases 30-89 days past due 67,938 61,309 57,149 18.9 

Noncurrent loans and leases 89,772 86,378 99,712 -10.0 

Restructured loans and leases 44,047 43,436 42,763 3.0 

Mortgage-backed securities 3,150,227 3,201,072 3,557,068 -11.4 

Earning assets 21,399,647 21,397,390 21,767,776 -1.7 

FHLB Advances 587,434 444,563 188,537 211.6 

Unused loan commitments 9,569,225 9,498,940 9,031,541 6.0 

Trust assets 18,095,425 17,544,643 20,321,262 -11.0 

Assets securitized and sold 392,093 407,752 450,501 -13.0 

Notional amount of derivatives 192,875,611 198,385,321 179,313,889 7.6 

INCOME DATA 

Total interest income 

Total interest expense 

Net interest income 

Provision for credit losses*** 

Total noninterest income 

Total noninterest expense 

Securities gains (losses) 

Applicable income taxes 

Extraordinary gains, net**** 

Total net income (includes minority interests) 

Bank net income 

Net charge-offs 

Cash dividends 

Retained earnings 

Net operating income 

Full Year Full Year 4th Quarter 4th Quarter %Change 

2022 2021 %Change 2022 2021 21Q4-22Q4 

$750,904 $563,569 33.2 $242,241 $145,382 66.6 

117,968 36,143 226.4 62,324 8,327 648.5 

632,935 527,427 20.0 179,917 137,055 31.3 

51,571 -30,998 N/M 20,746 -732 N/M 

290,957 300,416 -3.2 63,028 72,600 -13.2 

537,570 510,165 5.4 135,419 133,453 1.5 

-3,903 3,010 N/M -1,742 574 N/M 

67,328 72,409 -7.0 16,592 13,627 21.8 

-232 47 N/M 28 16 75.0 

263,288 279,324 -5.7 68,476 63,896 7.2 

263,029 279,121 -5.8 68,410 63,862 7.1 

31,428 27,359 14.9 10,863 5,720 89.9 

152,293 156,162 -2.5 57,116 41,499 37.6 

110,735 122,960 -9.9 11,293 22,362 -49.5 

266,876 276,843 -3.6 70,055 63,413 10.5 

* For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, this item represents the allowance for credit losses on loans and leases held for investment and allocated transfer risk.

** For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, securities are reported net of allowances for credit losses.

*** For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, this item represents provisions for credit losses on a consolidated basis; for institutions that have not adopted ASU 2016-13,

this item represents the provision for loan and lease losses.

**** See Notes to Users for explanation. N/M - Not Meaningful 

9 
QUARTERLY 2023 VOLUME 17, NUMBER 1 

TABLE III-A. Full Year 2022, All FDIC-Insured Institutions 

FULL YEAR 

(The way it is...) 

All Insured 

Institutions 

Asset Concentration Groups* 

Credit Card 

Banks 

International 

Banks 

Agricultural 

Banks 

Commercial 

Lenders 

Mortgage 

Lenders 

Consumer 

Lenders 

Other 

Specialized 

<$1 Billion 

All Other 

<$1 Billion 

All Other 

>$1 Billion 

Number of institutions reporting 4,706 10 5 1,054 2,501 320 35 300 410 71 

Commercial banks 4,127 9 5 1,041 2,268 94 27 275 349 59 

Savings institutions 579 1 0 13 233 226 8 25 61 12 

Total assets (in billions) $23,600.0 $452.7 $5,745.9 $298.5 $8,139.1 $720.6 $590.4 $70.3 $95.9 $7,486.6 

Commercial banks 22,319.5 356.4 5,745.9 292.4 7,730.4 151.6 584.8 65.6 81.8 7,310.5 

Savings institutions 1,280.6 96.3 0.0 6.1 408.8 569.0 5.6 4.6 14.1 176.1 

Total deposits (in billions) 19,214.6 339.2 4,488.3 257.5 6,660.1 631.7 494.2 61.1 84.2 6,198.2 

Commercial banks 18,132.6 264.9 4,488.3 253.5 6,333.4 125.0 489.5 58.0 72.4 6,047.6 

Savings institutions 1,082.0 74.3 0.0 4.0 326.7 506.8 4.7 3.1 11.8 150.6 

Bank net income (in millions) 263,029 15,015 55,970 3,584 93,074 6,641 7,444 1,461 974 78,865 

Commercial banks 250,014 12,112 55,970 3,425 89,012 1,669 7,416 642 896 78,870 

Savings institutions 13,015 2,903 0 159 4,062 4,971 28 819 78 -4 

Performance Ratios (%) 

Yield on earning assets 3.50 11.87 2.99 3.84 3.75 2.31 4.27 2.96 3.57 3.21 

Cost of funding earning assets 0.55 1.51 0.67 0.46 0.45 0.36 0.93 0.32 0.35 0.50 

Net interest margin 2.95 10.36 2.32 3.38 3.30 1.96 3.34 2.64 3.22 2.71 

Noninterest income to assets 1.23 6.84 1.56 0.56 0.89 0.40 1.02 5.93 0.87 1.12 

Noninterest expense to assets 2.28 9.51 2.15 2.25 2.27 1.16 1.96 5.71 2.68 2.10 

Credit loss provision to assets** 0.22 2.49 0.19 0.05 0.14 0.02 0.47 0.03 0.04 0.21 

Net operating income to assets 1.13 3.68 0.99 1.25 1.19 0.88 1.32 2.06 1.03 1.04 

Pretax return on assets 1.40 4.77 1.23 1.39 1.48 1.10 1.74 2.48 1.15 1.27 

Return on assets 1.12 3.68 0.95 1.22 1.18 0.86 1.33 1.99 1.02 1.03 

Return on equity 11.83 31.61 10.58 13.26 11.81 13.48 15.63 17.98 11.36 10.97 

Net charge-offs to loans and leases 0.27 2.12 0.32 0.04 0.11 0.01 0.38 0.13 0.04 0.31 

Loan and lease loss provision to

net charge-offs 159.84 138.39 172.80 196.46 180.97 406.53 161.62 85.47 211.07 155.15 

Efficiency ratio 57.71 56.26 59.06 59.94 57.47 50.15 46.84 68.45 68.83 58.25 

% of unprofitable institutions 3.40 0.00 0.00 1.80 2.52 9.06 8.57 10.67 2.20 7.04 

% of institutions with earnings gains 56.25 30.00 20.00 45.92 60.06 58.13 51.43 59.33 56.59 60.56 

Condition Ratios (%) 

Earning assets to total assets 

Loss allowance to: 

90.68 95.70 88.43 93.38 90.92 96.12 94.28 92.76 93.52 90.86 

Loans and leases 1.60 6.46 1.88 1.34 1.21 0.62 1.46 1.60 1.26 1.61 

Noncurrent loans and leases 217.55 520.12 275.64 267.97 176.06 152.38 333.71 236.67 227.23 189.08 

Noncurrent assets plus 

other real estate owned to assets 0.39 1.06 0.23 0.35 0.48 0.15 0.34 0.22 0.33 0.42 

Equity capital ratio 9.34 10.71 9.26 8.66 9.76 5.27 8.15 10.27 8.35 9.38 

Core capital (leverage) ratio 8.98 11.53 8.20 10.58 9.55 8.70 9.23 14.02 10.94 8.68 

Common equity tier 1 capital ratio*** 13.56 12.87 16.01 13.68 11.83 23.08 12.47 29.03 17.31 13.78 

Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio*** 13.65 13.03 16.08 13.68 11.90 23.08 13.40 29.03 17.31 13.83 

Total risk-based capital ratio*** 14.94 14.90 17.26 14.75 13.14 23.55 14.42 29.90 18.35 15.30 

Net loans and leases to deposits 62.62 106.37 41.37 72.14 80.59 38.93 89.70 30.88 61.47 56.49 

Net loans to total assets 50.98 79.69 32.31 62.24 65.94 34.13 75.08 26.85 53.97 46.77 

Domestic deposits to total assets 75.11 74.91 55.46 86.28 81.73 87.51 83.70 86.97 87.77 80.41 

Structural Changes 

New reporters 15 0 0 1 0 0 0 14 0 0 

Institutions absorbed by mergers 134 0 1 20 98 2 0 4 3 6 

Failed institutions 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

PRIOR FULL YEARS 

(The way it was...) 

Number of institutions 2021 4,839 12 5 1,121 2,417 293 33 357 506 95 

2019 5,177 12 5 1,291 2,733 393 58 210 428 47 

2017 5,670 11 5 1,389 2,944 420 59 272 510 60 

Total assets (in billions) 2021 $23,719.8 $499.8 $5,827.2 $302.8 $7,372.1 $776.3 $353.0 $83.4 $130.4 $8,374.9 

2019 18,645.7 530.8 4,481.5 283.6 6,735.8 392.7 230.7 38.3 76.3 5,876.2 

2017 17,415.4 562.7 4,196.0 282.6 6,026.0 349.2 270.9 46.9 88.8 5,592.2 

Return on assets (%) 2021 1.23 5.32 1.09 1.33 1.24 0.88 1.98 1.66 1.06 1.05 

2019 1.29 3.27 1.23 1.33 1.18 1.20 1.21 3.56 1.17 1.27 

2017 0.97 1.52 0.62 1.05 1.02 0.93 1.02 2.61 0.91 1.10 

Net charge-offs to loans & leases (%) 2021 0.25 2.00 0.38 0.05 0.11 0.01 0.27 0.08 0.04 0.20 

2019 0.52 4.15 0.72 0.18 0.20 0.03 0.82 0.17 0.13 0.39 

2017 

Noncurrent assets plus

0.50 3.95 0.56 0.16 0.21 0.04 0.60 0.23 0.15 0.43 

OREO to assets (%) 2021 0.44 0.78 0.28 0.47 0.55 0.18 0.48 0.27 0.39 0.46 

2019 0.55 1.39 0.33 0.81 0.60 1.18 0.48 0.45 0.62 0.52 

2017 0.73 1.25 0.51 0.77 0.70 1.70 0.36 0.59 0.81 0.82 

Equity capital ratio (%) 2021 9.94 12.56 9.20 10.78 10.71 8.17 9.00 12.96 10.79 9.74 

2019 11.32 12.81 10.20 11.85 12.27 10.94 10.41 18.48 12.79 10.93 

2017 11.22 15.10 9.83 11.18 11.95 11.21 10.00 15.26 11.94 11.09 

* See Table V-A (page 14) for explanations.

** For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, the numerator represents provisions for credit losses on a consolidated basis; for institutions that have not adopted ASU 2016-13, the

numerator represents the provision for loan and lease losses.

*** Beginning March 2020, does not include institutions that have a Community Bank Leverage Ratio election in effect at the report date. 

10 
QUARTERLY 2023 VOLUME 17, NUMBER 1 

TABLE III-A. Full Year 2022, All FDIC-Insured Institutions 

FULL YEAR 

(The way it is...) 

All Insured 

Institutions 

Asset Size Distribution Geographic Regions* 

Less Than 

$100 

Million 

$100 

Million to 

$1 Billion 

$1 Billion 

to $10 

Billion 

$10 Billion 

to $250 

Billion 

Greater 

Than $250 

Billion New York Atlanta Chicago 

Kansas 

City Dallas 

San 

Francisco 

Number of institutions reporting 4,706 761 2,964 823 145 13 558 534 1,011 1,198 1,053 352 

Commercial banks 4,127 666 2,632 687 130 12 295 488 874 1,161 987 322 

Savings institutions 579 95 332 136 15 1 263 46 137 37 66 30 

Total assets (in billions) $23,600.0 $46.3 $1,098.1 $2,277.3 $7,091.4 $13,086.9 $4,547.5 $4,614.2 $5,575.4 $4,243.2 $1,992.9 $2,626.8 

Commercial banks 22,319.5 41.1 968.0 1,945.7 6,626.5 12,738.1 4,177.3 4,560.1 5,504.3 4,187.9 1,416.6 2,473.2 

Savings institutions 1,280.6 5.2 130.1 331.6 464.9 348.7 370.2 54.0 71.0 55.3 576.3 153.6 

Total deposits (in billions) 19,214.6 39.0 948.4 1,899.1 5,796.8 10,531.2 3,690.8 3,825.2 4,360.7 3,468.8 1,710.9 2,158.2 

Commercial banks 18,132.6 35.2 841.9 1,631.7 5,418.7 10,205.2 3,388.5 3,786.6 4,309.0 3,421.7 1,192.4 2,034.3 

Savings institutions 1,082.0 3.9 106.6 267.4 378.1 326.0 302.3 38.5 51.7 47.0 518.5 123.9 

Bank net income (in millions) 263,029 400 12,854 28,652 86,391 134,732 45,803 53,739 61,713 40,775 22,778 38,220 

Commercial banks 250,014 354 11,149 25,788 81,135 131,587 43,075 53,992 60,221 40,170 17,902 34,652 

Savings institutions 13,015 46 1,704 2,864 5,256 3,145 2,728 -253 1,492 605 4,875 3,568 

Performance Ratios (%) 

Yield on earning assets 

Cost of funding earning assets 

Net interest margin 

Noninterest income to assets 

Noninterest expense to assets 

Credit loss provision to assets** 

Net operating income to assets 

Pretax return on assets 

Return on assets 

Return on equity 

Net charge-offs to loans and leases 

Loan and lease loss provision to

net charge-offs 

Efficiency ratio 

% of unprofitable institutions 

% of institutions with earnings gains 

Condition Ratios (%) 

3.50 

0.55 

2.95 

1.23 

2.28 

0.22 

1.13 

1.40 

1.12 

11.83 

0.27 

159.84 

57.71 

3.40 

56.25 

3.58 3.88 4.11 3.92 3.14 

0.36 0.42 0.48 0.59 0.55 

3.22 3.46 3.63 3.33 2.58 

1.56 1.09 1.10 1.22 1.27 

3.50 2.84 2.65 2.38 2.12 

0.03 0.08 0.19 0.29 0.20 

0.87 1.21 1.32 1.27 1.02 

0.98 1.39 1.62 1.61 1.26 

0.84 1.19 1.30 1.25 1.01 

6.73 12.39 13.14 12.82 11.02 

0.06 0.05 0.15 0.28 0.32 

105.64 246.96 192.78 160.89 153.28 

76.75 65.28 58.59 54.69 58.58 

10.38 2.19 1.58 2.07 0.00 

51.77 56.34 60.39 55.17 46.15 

3.52 3.48 3.10 3.60 3.36 4.29 

0.70 0.41 0.53 0.61 0.37 0.64 

2.82 3.07 2.57 2.98 3.00 3.65 

1.16 1.03 1.47 1.08 0.81 1.79 

2.16 2.18 2.21 2.35 2.14 2.80 

0.23 0.24 0.17 0.17 0.09 0.45 

1.05 1.16 1.11 0.98 1.13 1.52 

1.30 1.37 1.38 1.24 1.37 1.95 

1.03 1.15 1.09 0.97 1.13 1.49 

10.43 11.64 12.03 10.34 13.45 15.51 

0.26 0.34 0.18 0.27 0.09 0.43 

169.01 137.53 206.15 137.50 184.40 161.81 

57.59 56.69 58.04 61.82 58.89 53.23 

4.66 5.24 3.56 1.75 2.47 6.53 

59.86 70.04 54.10 42.82 64.77 55.97 

Earning assets to total assets 

Loss allowance to: 

90.68 92.70 93.60 92.85 92.12 89.26 90.54 89.94 89.30 90.37 92.84 93.97 

Loans and leases 1.60 1.39 1.29 1.29 1.57 1.75 1.57 1.60 1.52 1.69 1.18 1.90 

Noncurrent loans and leases 217.55 162.78 272.50 201.47 218.13 216.90 181.14 222.72 226.19 217.61 145.42 335.22 

Noncurrent assets plus 

other real estate owned to assets 0.39 0.51 0.34 0.47 0.46 0.35 0.47 0.39 0.33 0.39 0.44 0.37 

Equity capital ratio 9.34 12.37 9.23 9.65 9.51 9.20 9.84 9.73 9.24 9.21 7.83 9.38 

Core capital (leverage) ratio 8.98 14.19 11.03 10.43 9.42 8.29 9.32 8.61 8.68 8.79 9.36 9.70 

Common equity tier 1 capital ratio*** 13.56 22.28 15.24 13.37 12.89 13.91 13.67 12.64 14.18 13.21 14.38 13.77 

Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio*** 13.65 22.28 15.29 13.41 13.08 13.95 13.72 12.70 14.24 13.29 14.50 14.02 

Total risk-based capital ratio*** 14.94 23.31 16.38 14.44 14.33 15.33 15.03 13.85 15.60 14.86 15.57 15.14 

Net loans and leases to deposits 62.62 62.57 72.80 81.01 75.71 51.18 64.99 62.62 58.48 58.16 59.10 76.84 

Net loans to total assets 50.98 52.74 62.88 67.55 61.89 41.18 52.75 51.92 45.74 47.55 50.74 63.13 

Domestic deposits to total assets 75.11 84.28 86.37 83.29 80.29 69.9 76.96 80.29 69.02 66.57 85.82 81.38 

Structural Changes 

New reporters 15 15 0 0 0 0 3 4 0 1 2 5 

Institutions absorbed by mergers 134 29 67 29 9 0 26 11 23 39 29 6 

Failed institutions 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

PRIOR FULL YEARS 

(The way it was...) 

Number of institutions 2021 4,839 817 3,049 813 147 13 577 551 1,040 1,237 1,075 359 

2019 5,177 1,156 3,225 656 130 10 625 587 1,118 1,330 1,138 379 

2017 5,670 1,407 3,513 627 114 9 693 668 1,214 1,438 1,235 422 

Total assets (in billions) 2021 $23,719.8 $50.0 $1,125.0 $2,221.9 $7,076.0 $13,246.9 $4,454.8 $4,787.8 $5,666.0 $4,198.7 $2,041.6 $2,570.9 

2019 18,645.7 68.6 1,087.9 1,753.9 6,071.6 9,663.8 3,407.7 3,847.5 4,235.6 3,796.7 1,204.6 2,153.7 

2017 17,415.4 83.7 1,154.2 1,751.7 5,699.2 8,726.7 3,248.1 3,601.0 3,918.1 3,683.2 1,090.0 1,875.1 

Return on assets (%) 2021 1.23 1.04 1.29 1.41 1.46 1.07 1.08 1.26 1.25 1.10 1.12 1.71 

2019 1.29 1.02 1.29 1.30 1.35 1.26 1.09 1.29 1.34 1.20 1.32 1.66 

2017 0.97 0.83 1.04 1.05 1.04 0.89 0.85 1.00 1.00 0.76 1.12 1.36 

Net charge-offs to loans & leases (%) 2021 0.25 0.07 0.06 0.12 0.30 0.27 0.26 0.26 0.19 0.31 0.10 0.33 

2019 0.52 0.21 0.14 0.21 0.70 0.51 0.48 0.58 0.42 0.53 0.24 0.78 

2017 

Noncurrent assets plus 

0.50 0.21 0.15 0.22 0.71 0.47 0.58 0.61 0.27 0.51 0.28 0.67 

OREO to assets (%) 2021 0.44 0.58 0.42 0.44 0.56 0.37 0.45 0.39 0.37 0.49 0.69 0.35 

2019 0.55 0.94 0.70 0.57 0.62 0.48 0.51 0.57 0.49 0.61 0.84 0.42 

2017 0.73 1.01 0.83 0.66 0.70 0.74 0.65 0.83 0.67 0.86 0.81 0.45 

Equity capital ratio (%) 2021 9.94 13.49 10.83 10.86 10.31 9.50 10.32 10.21 9.52 9.81 9.64 10.14 

2019 11.32 14.27 12.01 12.03 11.86 10.76 11.83 12.23 10.89 10.24 12.16 11.15 

2017 11.22 13.01 11.29 11.82 12.13 10.47 12.34 12.06 10.42 9.99 11.49 11.58 

* See Table V-A (page 15) for explanations.

** For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, the numerator represents provisions for credit losses on a consolidated basis; for institutions that have not adopted ASU 2016-13, the

numerator represents the provision for loan and lease losses.

*** Beginning March 2020, does not include institutions that have a Community Bank Leverage Ratio election in effect at the report date. 

11 
QUARTERLY 

 

 

 

 

2023 VOLUME 17, NUMBER 1 

TABLE IV-A. Fourth Quarter 2022, All FDIC-Insured Institutions 

FOURTH QUARTER 

(The way it is...) 

All Insured 

Institutions 

Asset Concentration Groups* 

Credit Card 

Banks 

International 

Banks 

Agricultural 

Banks 

Commercial 

Lenders 

Mortgage 

Lenders 

Consumer 

Lenders 

Other 

Specialized 

<$1 Billion 

All Other 

<$1 Billion 

All Other 

>$1 Billion 

Number of institutions reporting 

Commercial banks 

Savings institutions 

Total assets (in billions) 

Commercial banks 

Savings institutions 

Total deposits (in billions) 

Commercial banks 

Savings institutions 

Bank net income (in millions) 

Commercial banks 

Savings institutions 

Performance Ratios (annualized, %) 

4,706 

4,127 

579 

$23,600.0 

22,319.5 

1,280.6 

19,214.6 

18,132.6 

1,082.0 

68,410 

65,695 

2,714 

10 5 1,054 2,501 320 35 300 410 71 

9 5 1,041 2,268 94 27 275 349 59 

1 0 13 233 226 8 25 61 12 

$452.7 $5,745.9 $298.5 $8,139.1 $720.6 $590.4 $70.3 $95.9 $7,486.6 

356.4 5,745.9 292.4 7,730.4 151.6 584.8 65.6 81.8 7,310.5 

96.3 0.0 6.1 408.8 569.0 5.6 4.6 14.1 176.1 

339.2 4,488.3 257.5 6,660.1 631.7 494.2 61.1 84.2 6,198.2 

264.9 4,488.3 253.5 6,333.4 125.0 489.5 58.0 72.4 6,047.6 

74.3 0.0 4.0 326.7 506.8 4.7 3.1 11.8 150.6 

3,460 14,897 894 26,092 1,609 1,486 480 254 19,238 

2,903 14,897 858 24,845 322 1,480 219 225 19,946 

557 0 36 1,247 1,287 6 261 28 -709 

Yield on earning assets 4.54 13.24 4.29 4.38 4.65 2.89 5.14 3.65 4.05 4.21 

Cost of funding earning assets 1.17 2.57 1.51 0.76 0.98 0.81 1.82 0.54 0.57 1.04 

Net interest margin 3.37 10.68 2.78 3.61 3.67 2.09 3.32 3.11 3.49 3.16 

Noninterest income to assets 1.07 6.80 1.43 0.56 0.81 0.39 0.87 6.54 0.81 0.79 

Noninterest expense to assets 2.30 9.48 2.25 2.39 2.31 1.26 1.99 6.14 2.77 1.98 

Credit loss provision to assets** 0.35 3.63 0.28 0.10 0.22 0.02 0.65 0.00 0.07 0.38 

Net operating income to assets 1.19 3.15 1.07 1.28 1.30 0.89 1.02 2.70 1.10 1.07 

Pretax return on assets 1.44 3.93 1.31 1.38 1.61 1.10 1.36 3.35 1.20 1.25 

Return on assets 1.16 3.15 1.03 1.21 1.30 0.88 1.02 2.73 1.06 1.02 

Return on equity 12.56 29.05 11.30 14.19 13.46 16.39 12.48 27.29 12.98 10.96 

Net charge-offs to loans and leases 

Loan and lease loss provision to

0.36 2.54 0.40 0.10 0.15 0.02 0.55 0.21 0.07 0.44 

net charge-offs 187.71 168.75 217.32 151.76 204.82 389.63 151.22 -3.40 170.34 182.09 

Efficiency ratio 55.19 55.21 57.51 60.14 55.00 52.44 49.71 64.84 67.76 53.55 

% of unprofitable institutions 5.65 10.00 0.00 6.17 3.60 12.81 17.14 12.00 5.12 8.45 

% of institutions with earnings gains 69.97 40.00 60.00 70.78 70.13 65.00 54.29 73.00 72.20 61.97 

Structural Changes 

New reporters 3 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 

Institutions absorbed by mergers 36 0 0 5 30 0 0 0 0 1 

Failed institutions 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

PRIOR FOURTH QUARTERS 

(The way it was...) 

Return on assets (%) 2021 1.09 4.42 0.86 1.06 1.14 0.88 1.90 1.57 0.86 1.00 

2019 1.19 3.17 1.18 1.27 1.13 1.20 0.54 4.48 1.07 1.09 

2017 0.58 -0.04 -0.43 0.48 0.90 0.65 0.69 2.86 0.78 1.04 

Net charge-offs to loans & leases (%) 2021 0.21 1.58 0.28 0.08 0.09 0.00 0.34 0.23 0.07 0.17 

2019 0.54 4.07 0.76 0.25 0.23 0.05 0.87 0.36 0.18 0.42 

2017 0.55 4.18 0.56 0.24 0.23 0.06 0.62 0.36 0.18 0.51 

* See Table V-A (page 14) for explanations.

** For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, the numerator represents provisions for credit losses on a consolidated basis; for institutions that have not adopted ASU 2016-13, the

numerator represents the provision for loan and lease losses. 

12 
QUARTERLY 

 

 

 

 

2023 VOLUME 17, NUMBER 1 

TABLE IV-A. Fourth Quarter 2022, All FDIC-Insured Institutions 

FOURTH QUARTER 

(The way it is...) 

All Insured 

Institutions 

Asset Size Distribution Geographic Regions* 

Less Than 

$100 

Million 

$100 

Million to 

$1 Billion 

$1 Billion 

to $10 

Billion 

$10 Billion 

to $250 

Billion 

Greater 

Than $250 

Billion New York Atlanta Chicago 

Kansas 

City Dallas 

San 

Francisco 

Number of institutions reporting 

Commercial banks 

Savings institutions 

Total assets (in billions) 

Commercial banks 

Savings institutions 

Total deposits (in billions) 

Commercial banks 

Savings institutions 

Bank net income (in millions) 

Commercial banks 

Savings institutions 

Performance Ratios (annualized, %) 

4,706 

4,127 

579 

$23,600.0 

22,319.5 

1,280.6 

19,214.6 

18,132.6 

1,082.0 

68,410 

65,695 

2,714 

761 2,964 823 145 13 

666 2,632 687 130 12 

95 332 136 15 1 

$46.3 $1,098.1 $2,277.3 $7,091.4 $13,086.9 

41.1 968.0 1,945.7 6,626.5 12,738.1 

5.2 130.1 331.6 464.9 348.7 

39.0 948.4 1,899.1 5,796.8 10,531.2 

35.2 841.9 1,631.7 5,418.7 10,205.2 

3.9 106.6 267.4 378.1 326.0 

100 3,545 7,745 20,608 36,411 

85 3,021 6,827 20,074 35,687 

15 524 918 533 724 

558 534 1,011 1,198 1,053 352 

295 488 874 1,161 987 322 

263 46 137 37 66 30 

$4,547.5 $4,614.2 $5,575.4 $4,243.2 $1,992.9 $2,626.8 

4,177.3 4,560.1 5,504.3 4,187.9 1,416.6 2,473.2 

370.2 54.0 71.0 55.3 576.3 153.6 

3,690.8 3,825.2 4,360.7 3,468.8 1,710.9 2,158.2 

3,388.5 3,786.6 4,309.0 3,421.7 1,192.4 2,034.3 

302.3 38.5 51.7 47.0 518.5 123.9 

12,514 14,294 17,409 9,933 5,955 8,304 

11,489 15,010 17,024 9,733 4,883 7,556 

1,025 -716 385 200 1,072 748 

Yield on earning assets 4.54 4.21 4.46 4.84 4.96 4.25 4.73 4.32 4.23 4.66 4.18 5.26 

Cost of funding earning assets 1.17 0.51 0.70 0.92 1.28 1.19 1.51 0.77 1.17 1.30 0.80 1.33 

Net interest margin 3.37 3.69 3.76 3.91 3.69 3.06 3.22 3.55 3.07 3.37 3.37 3.93 

Noninterest income to assets 1.07 1.56 1.06 1.02 1.11 1.05 1.04 0.55 1.37 0.96 0.80 1.79 

Noninterest expense to assets 2.30 3.93 2.95 2.70 2.47 2.08 2.18 1.86 2.31 2.48 2.31 2.93 

Credit loss provision to assets** 0.35 0.03 0.10 0.26 0.46 0.33 0.35 0.41 0.26 0.29 0.14 0.74 

Net operating income to assets 1.19 0.87 1.33 1.37 1.25 1.12 1.13 1.24 1.25 0.96 1.24 1.41 

Pretax return on assets 1.44 1.02 1.51 1.70 1.50 1.36 1.39 1.47 1.53 1.21 1.43 1.67 

Return on assets 1.16 0.85 1.30 1.38 1.18 1.11 1.11 1.23 1.24 0.94 1.20 1.27 

Return on equity 12.56 7.01 14.31 14.43 12.45 12.16 11.39 12.70 13.75 10.28 15.45 13.68 

Net charge-offs to loans and leases 

Loan and lease loss provision to

0.36 0.09 0.09 0.20 0.36 0.44 0.34 0.46 0.24 0.35 0.12 0.59 

net charge-offs 187.71 57.23 170.16 185.48 195.07 183.72 190.76 166.87 234.59 169.95 208.93 189.68 

Efficiency ratio 55.19 78.50 63.98 57.68 53.90 54.50 54.72 48.63 55.96 61.77 58.31 53.06 

% of unprofitable institutions 5.65 15.11 4.08 2.55 6.21 0.00 4.66 5.81 5.14 5.68 6.08 7.10 

% of institutions with earnings gains 69.97 69.91 70.99 66.71 68.28 69.23 65.77 76.03 69.83 69.28 71.70 65.06 

Structural Changes 

New reporters 3 3 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 

Institutions absorbed by mergers 36 7 20 7 2 0 6 3 4 14 9 0 

Failed institutions 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

PRIOR FOURTH QUARTERS 

(The way it was...) 

Return on assets (%) 2021 1.09 0.66 1.12 1.32 1.28 0.95 1.01 1.19 1.07 0.85 0.97 1.56 

2019 1.19 0.86 1.24 1.27 1.29 1.11 1.02 1.15 1.28 1.02 1.14 1.70 

2017 0.58 0.59 0.85 0.73 0.78 0.39 0.59 0.69 0.83 -0.13 0.89 1.10 

Net charge-offs to loans & leases (%) 2021 0.21 0.09 0.08 0.14 0.23 0.22 0.21 0.21 0.15 0.26 0.10 0.28 

2019 0.54 0.27 0.24 0.22 0.70 0.54 0.51 0.60 0.45 0.56 0.27 0.77 

2017 0.55 0.29 0.23 0.29 0.76 0.51 0.64 0.69 0.26 0.56 0.33 0.75 

* See Table V-A (page 15) for explanations.

** For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, the numerator represents provisions for credit losses on a consolidated basis; for institutions that have not adopted ASU 2016-13, the

numerator represents the provision for loan and lease losses. 

13 
QUARTERLY 2023 VOLUME 17, NUMBER 1 

TABLE V-A. Loan Performance, All FDIC-Insured Institutions 

Asset Concentration Groups* 

Inter- Other 

December 31, 2022 All Insured Credit Card national Agricultural Commercial Mortgage Consumer Specialized All Other All Other 

Institutions Banks Banks Banks Lenders Lenders Lenders <$1 Billion <$1 Billion >$1 Billion 

Percent of Loans 30-89 Days Past Due 

All loans secured by real estate 0.42 0.28 0.36 0.40 0.39 0.32 0.08 0.69 0.70 0.60 

Construction and development 0.30 0.68 0.20 0.51 0.28 0.73 0.41 0.25 0.60 0.39 

Nonfarm nonresidential 0.25 0.04 0.66 0.29 0.18 0.20 0.01 0.42 0.33 0.52 

Multifamily residential real estate 0.15 0.00 0.25 0.04 0.10 0.01 0.00 0.19 0.03 0.32 

Home equity loans 0.50 0.00 0.64 0.38 0.49 0.32 0.12 0.54 0.56 0.51 

Other 1-4 family residential 0.64 0.29 0.36 0.74 0.83 0.32 0.09 1.09 0.93 0.69 

Commercial and industrial loans 0.37 0.77 0.68 0.55 0.29 0.28 0.46 0.55 0.78 0.34 

Loans to individuals 1.38 1.42 0.89 1.03 1.14 0.30 2.14 1.26 1.33 1.62 

Credit card loans 1.25 1.44 0.87 1.54 1.54 1.09 2.16 0.81 1.24 1.41 

Other loans to individuals 1.51 1.18 0.94 0.97 1.12 0.28 2.14 1.27 1.33 1.80 

All other loans and leases (including farm) 0.29 1.36 0.35 0.28 0.30 0.04 0.03 0.26 0.59 0.26 

Total loans and leases 0.56 1.34 0.53 0.42 0.41 0.31 0.92 0.71 0.75 0.68 

Percent of Loans Noncurrent** 

All real estate loans 0.90 0.77 1.10 0.50 0.73 0.43 0.10 0.68 0.55 1.51 

Construction and development 0.37 0.00 1.92 0.32 0.27 0.31 0.02 0.44 0.20 0.57 

Nonfarm nonresidential 0.54 0.82 0.42 0.43 0.49 0.33 0.09 0.49 0.62 0.91 

Multifamily residential real estate 0.17 3.39 0.07 0.47 0.15 0.12 0.00 0.00 0.09 0.45 

Home equity loans 1.71 0.00 5.62 0.25 1.01 0.34 0.53 0.50 0.27 2.67 

Other 1-4 family residential 1.35 0.65 1.29 0.46 1.43 0.47 0.12 0.91 0.60 1.79 

Commercial and industrial loans 0.67 0.51 0.74 0.72 0.74 0.37 0.60 0.83 0.79 0.54 

Loans to individuals 0.85 1.33 0.67 0.34 0.68 0.12 0.85 0.59 0.51 0.83 

Credit card loans 1.19 1.41 0.81 0.47 1.18 0.66 2.47 0.23 0.57 1.34 

Other loans to individuals 0.51 0.40 0.18 0.32 0.64 0.10 0.83 0.60 0.51 0.36 

All other loans and leases (including farm) 0.19 0.91 0.23 0.39 0.22 0.12 0.01 0.50 0.31 0.14 

Total loans and leases 0.73 1.24 0.68 0.50 0.69 0.40 0.44 0.68 0.55 0.85 

Percent of Loans Charged-Off (net, YTD) 

All real estate loans 0.00 -0.01 -0.05 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 -0.01 0.00 -0.01 

Construction and development -0.01 0.00 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.05 0.00 -0.05 0.00 -0.02 

Nonfarm nonresidential 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.02 0.03 

Multifamily residential real estate 0.01 0.00 0.00 -0.01 0.01 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 

Home equity loans -0.15 0.00 -0.54 0.01 -0.08 -0.09 -0.04 -0.06 0.01 -0.20 

Other 1-4 family residential -0.01 0.00 -0.05 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 

Commercial and industrial loans 0.17 1.06 0.17 0.21 0.17 0.01 0.23 0.08 0.07 0.12 

Loans to individuals 1.30 2.27 1.30 0.37 0.79 0.21 0.89 0.90 0.28 1.27 

Credit card loans 2.09 2.35 1.64 1.41 3.17 2.17 4.10 1.27 0.95 2.19 

Other loans to individuals 0.61 1.33 0.28 0.25 0.64 0.15 0.85 0.90 0.27 0.53 

All other loans and leases (including farm) 0.12 0.69 0.11 0.00 0.12 0.12 0.02 0.98 0.12 0.12 

Total loans and leases 0.27 2.12 0.32 0.04 0.11 0.01 0.38 0.13 0.04 0.31 

Loans Outstanding (in billions) 

All real estate loans $5,766.0 $4.2 $571.1 $122.0 $3,345.3 $217.6 $199.6 $14.2 $40.7 $1,251.4 

Construction and development 467.6 0.1 17.4 8.9 366.3 7.3 4.2 1.7 3.1 58.6 

Nonfarm nonresidential 1,777.5 0.3 63.2 32.4 1,355.6 18.1 20.2 5.1 8.8 273.8 

Multifamily residential real estate 598.4 0.0 92.1 4.8 396.8 6.7 22.6 0.4 1.2 73.8 

Home equity loans 273.0 0.0 20.2 2.0 170.6 8.8 3.4 0.4 1.4 66.3 

Other 1-4 family residential 2,479.5 3.7 335.7 27.8 997.4 175.9 149.2 5.6 22.9 761.4 

Commercial and industrial loans 2,533.1 40.1 356.0 23.1 1,251.7 7.3 42.2 2.2 4.4 806.2 

Loans to individuals 2,070.6 341.0 414.9 6.5 377.5 15.6 176.6 1.9 4.3 732.4 

Credit card loans 1,009.4 314.6 319.4 0.6 23.9 0.5 2.3 0.0 0.0 348.1 

Other loans to individuals 1,061.2 26.4 95.5 5.9 353.6 15.2 174.3 1.8 4.2 384.3 

All other loans and leases (including farm) 1,859.0 0.4 550.3 36.8 460.2 7.0 31.5 0.9 3.1 768.8 

Total loans and leases 

(plus unearned income) 12,228.8 385.7 1,892.3 188.3 5,434.7 247.6 449.9 19.2 52.4 3,558.7 

Memo: Other Real Estate Owned 

(in millions) 

All other real estate owned 2,595.9 0.9 224.0 88.6 1,468.3 56.5 6.1 23.6 30.8 696.9 

Construction and development 414.0 0.0 1.0 8.4 344.7 9.8 0.9 12.1 12.2 24.8 

Nonfarm nonresidential 1,257.7 0.9 72.0 45.7 726.4 17.3 0.6 6.6 9.8 378.3 

Multifamily residential real estate 27.9 0.0 0.0 1.2 25.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 1.3 0.0 

1-4 family residential 828.7 0.0 149.0 9.9 330.7 29.3 4.6 4.4 7.1 293.7 

Farmland 64.3 0.0 0.0 23.5 40.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.4 0.0 

* Asset Concentration Group Definitions (Groups are hierarchical and mutually exclusive):

Credit-card Lenders - Institutions whose credit-card loans plus securitized receivables exceed 50 percent of total assets plus securitized receivables.

International Banks - Banks with assets greater than $10 billion and more than 25 percent of total assets in foreign offices.

Agricultural Banks - Banks whose agricultural production loans plus real estate loans secured by farmland exceed 25 percent of the total loans and leases.

Commercial Lenders - Institutions whose commercial and industrial loans, plus real estate construction and development loans, plus loans secured by commercial real estate properties exceed

25 percent of total assets.

Mortgage Lenders - Institutions whose residential mortgage loans, plus mortgage-backed securities, exceed 50 percent of total assets.

Consumer Lenders - Institutions whose residential mortgage loans, plus credit-card loans, plus other loans to individuals, exceed 50 percent of total assets.

Other Specialized < $1 Billion - Institutions with assets less than $1 billion, whose loans and leases are less than 40 percent of total assets.

All Other < $1 billion - Institutions with assets less than $1 billion that do not meet any of the definitions above, they have significant lending activity with no identified asset concentrations.

All Other > $1 billion - Institutions with assets greater than $1 billion that do not meet any of the definitions above, they have significant lending activity with no identified asset concentrations.

** Noncurrent loan rates represent the percentage of loans in each category that are past due 90 days or more or that are in nonaccrual status. 

14 
QUARTERLY 2023 VOLUME 17, NUMBER 1 

TABLE V-A. Loan Performance, All FDIC-Insured Institutions 

Asset Size Distribution Geographic Regions* 

Less Than $100 $1 Billion $10 Billion Greater 

December 31, 2022 All Insured $100 Million to to to $250 Than $250 Kansas San 

Institutions Million $1 Billion $10 Billion Billion Billion New York Atlanta Chicago City Dallas Francisco 

Percent of Loans 30-89 Days

Past Due 

All loans secured by real estate 0.42 0.96 0.40 0.22 0.44 0.53 0.39 0.46 0.35 0.55 0.62 0.24 

Construction and development 0.30 0.79 0.41 0.22 0.31 0.32 0.52 0.34 0.19 0.25 0.23 0.26 

Nonfarm nonresidential 0.25 0.83 0.24 0.12 0.21 0.51 0.23 0.26 0.20 0.46 0.19 0.19 

Multifamily residential real estate 0.15 0.15 0.11 0.06 0.12 0.28 0.14 0.15 0.12 0.42 0.08 0.07 

Home equity loans 0.50 0.33 0.42 0.37 0.54 0.50 0.48 0.45 0.58 0.58 0.48 0.34 

Other 1-4 family residential 0.64 1.30 0.65 0.43 0.75 0.62 0.59 0.66 0.49 0.74 1.48 0.31 

Commercial and industrial loans 0.37 0.82 0.52 0.43 0.32 0.39 0.25 0.33 0.40 0.47 0.36 0.49 

Loans to individuals 1.38 1.44 1.33 1.69 1.26 1.44 1.12 2.01 0.81 1.24 0.85 1.67 

Credit card loans 1.25 3.60 4.45 3.63 1.30 1.16 1.46 1.54 0.82 1.02 0.63 1.48 

Other loans to individuals 1.51 1.43 1.22 1.30 1.23 1.81 0.87 2.42 0.81 1.70 0.91 1.84 

All other loans and leases (including farm) 0.29 0.47 0.28 0.30 0.29 0.29 0.17 0.30 0.27 0.41 0.37 0.24 

Total loans and leases 0.56 0.91 0.44 0.36 0.55 0.63 0.45 0.71 0.42 0.61 0.57 0.62 

Percent of Loans Noncurrent** 

All real estate loans 0.90 0.78 0.45 0.43 0.85 1.39 0.95 0.92 1.04 1.09 0.96 0.36 

Construction and development 0.37 0.27 0.28 0.26 0.26 0.83 0.74 0.23 0.72 0.11 0.16 0.24 

Nonfarm nonresidential 0.54 0.93 0.44 0.38 0.59 0.73 0.82 0.62 0.49 0.50 0.31 0.35 

Multifamily residential real estate 0.17 0.33 0.21 0.15 0.14 0.24 0.26 0.21 0.09 0.19 0.07 0.11 

Home equity loans 1.71 0.29 0.39 0.38 0.97 3.08 1.49 1.30 2.20 3.85 0.68 0.46 

Other 1-4 family residential 1.35 0.82 0.51 0.66 1.40 1.67 1.30 1.29 1.47 1.56 2.38 0.44 

Commercial and industrial loans 0.67 1.51 0.69 1.55 0.60 0.54 1.15 0.49 0.49 0.60 0.62 0.78 

Loans to individuals 0.85 0.72 0.41 0.98 0.83 0.85 0.90 1.06 0.44 0.80 0.52 1.04 

Credit card loans 1.19 1.88 1.53 3.69 1.27 1.08 1.45 1.46 0.73 0.96 0.89 1.42 

Other loans to individuals 0.51 0.71 0.37 0.43 0.50 0.55 0.49 0.70 0.17 0.44 0.41 0.71 

All other loans and leases (including farm) 0.19 0.72 0.42 0.29 0.19 0.17 0.11 0.12 0.24 0.26 0.17 0.18 

Total loans and leases 0.73 0.85 0.47 0.64 0.72 0.80 0.86 0.72 0.67 0.77 0.81 0.57 

Percent of Loans Charged-Off

(net, YTD) 

All real estate loans 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 -0.02 0.01 0.01 -0.03 -0.01 -0.01 0.01 

Construction and development -0.01 0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.02 0.00 -0.04 -0.01 0.00 -0.01 0.01 

Nonfarm nonresidential 0.02 -0.02 0.00 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.06 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.02 

Multifamily residential real estate 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 

Home equity loans -0.15 -0.01 0.00 -0.01 -0.08 -0.27 -0.09 -0.19 -0.20 -0.21 -0.10 -0.02 

Other 1-4 family residential -0.01 0.01 0.00 -0.01 0.00 -0.02 -0.02 0.03 -0.04 -0.01 -0.01 0.00 

Commercial and industrial loans 0.17 0.23 0.16 0.17 0.22 0.13 0.17 0.16 0.15 0.08 0.16 0.35 

Loans to individuals 1.30 0.39 0.60 1.79 1.25 1.31 1.31 1.35 0.90 1.55 0.74 1.55 

Credit card loans 2.09 8.07 3.09 6.50 2.17 1.93 2.45 2.15 1.54 1.95 1.61 2.48 

Other loans to individuals 0.61 0.33 0.52 0.77 0.60 0.59 0.53 0.69 0.35 0.77 0.49 0.80 

All other loans and leases (including farm) 0.12 0.02 0.11 0.07 0.07 0.14 0.08 0.20 0.10 0.13 0.12 0.02 

Total loans and leases 0.27 0.06 0.05 0.15 0.28 0.32 0.26 0.34 0.18 0.27 0.09 0.43 

Loans Outstanding (in billions) 

All real estate loans $5,766.0 $17.0 $547.2 $1,140.4 $2,235.3 $1,826.2 $1,253.4 $972.3 $1,113.7 $893.9 $687.6 $845.1 

Construction and development 467.6 1.1 57.6 124.9 201.1 83.0 86.2 73.0 72.1 66.9 112.6 56.9 

Nonfarm nonresidential 1,777.5 3.6 203.1 480.8 741.4 348.6 412.2 327.2 265.8 221.8 276.8 273.6 

Multifamily residential real estate 598.4 0.4 32.2 127.6 276.8 161.4 204.8 50.4 145.6 57.3 33.5 106.8 

Home equity loans 273.0 0.3 15.9 37.7 107.6 111.4 71.7 58.6 63.4 30.8 20.4 28.1 

Other 1-4 family residential 2,479.5 8.2 186.0 331.1 890.4 1,063.8 472.8 449.0 540.9 427.6 220.9 368.3 

Commercial and industrial loans 2,533.1 2.9 84.7 246.6 900.0 1,298.8 465.7 622.9 584.4 425.8 191.5 242.8 

Loans to individuals 2,070.6 1.6 27.5 103.2 803.2 1,135.2 391.7 481.5 402.8 307.7 77.8 409.2 

Credit card loans 1,009.4 0.0 0.9 17.3 349.2 642.0 168.4 225.8 195.8 211.3 17.8 190.4 

Other loans to individuals 1,061.2 1.6 26.6 85.8 454.0 493.2 223.3 255.7 207.0 96.4 60.0 218.8 

All other loans and leases (including farm) 1,859.0 3.3 40.3 69.0 521.1 1,225.4 326.5 358.0 488.9 424.9 66.9 193.9 

Total loans and leases 

(plus unearned income) 12,228.8 24.8 699.8 1,559.2 4,459.6 5,485.5 2,437.3 2,434.6 2,589.8 2,052.2 1,023.7 1,691.1 

Memo: Other Real Estate Owned 

(in millions) 

All other real estate owned 2,595.9 23.1 427.0 615.3 609.8 920.7 429.0 629.0 506.4 455.2 409.6 166.7 

Construction and development 414.0 4.4 153.9 178.5 59.6 17.6 49.5 81.2 35.6 90.8 124.5 32.4 

Nonfarm nonresidential 1,257.7 9.7 165.2 318.5 221.0 543.3 128.2 390.5 214.4 269.5 210.7 44.3 

Multifamily residential real estate 27.9 1.3 10.4 2.2 13.1 0.9 6.6 2.5 8.4 2.5 4.2 3.8 

1-4 family residential 828.7 5.9 69.5 95.6 300.9 356.8 244.6 153.3 240.4 66.5 57.7 66.2 

Farmland 64.3 1.8 27.9 19.4 15.3 0.0 0.1 1.0 6.9 23.9 12.5 20.0 

* Regions:

New York - Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Puerto Rico, Rhode Island, Vermont,

U.S. Virgin Islands

Atlanta - Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia

Chicago - Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, Ohio, Wisconsin

Kansas City - Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota

Dallas - Arkansas, Colorado, Louisiana, Mississippi, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Texas

San Francisco - Alaska, Arizona, California, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Pacific Islands, Utah, Washington, Wyoming

** Noncurrent loan rates represent the percentage of loans in each category that are past due 90 days or more or that are in nonaccrual status. 

15 
QUARTERLY 

 

 

 

 

2023 VOLUME 17, NUMBER 1 

TABLE VI-A. Derivatives, All FDIC-Insured Call Report Filers 

(dollar figures in millions;

notional amounts unless otherwise indicated) 

4th 3rd 2nd 1st 4th % Change Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter 21Q4-

2022 2022 2022 2022 2021 22Q4 

Asset Size Distribution 

Less $100 $1 $10 Greater 

Than Million Billion Billion Than 

$100 to $1 to $10 to $250 $250 

Million Billion Billion Billion Billion 

ALL DERIVATIVE HOLDERS 

Number of institutions reporting derivatives 1,140 1,212 1,254 1,295 1,310 -13.0 16 473 504 134 13 

Total assets of institutions reporting derivatives $21,631,568 $21,656,938 $21,873,500 $22,148,804 $21,896,421 -1.2 $1,120 $247,519 $1,603,938 $6,692,111 $13,086,880 

Total deposits of institutions reporting derivatives 17,562,245 17,674,023 17,982,505 18,368,954 18,163,919 -3.3 895 210,389 1,334,328 5,485,401 10,531,231 

Total derivatives 192,875,611 198,385,321 197,421,142 203,157,729 179,313,889 7.6 97 9,218 176,989 4,219,908 188,469,398 

Derivative Contracts by Underlying

Risk Exposure

Interest rate 139,774,246 141,989,523 142,884,741 145,900,883 126,263,465 10.7 97 8,456 169,991 2,415,031 137,180,671 

Foreign exchange* 43,001,986 45,988,455 44,459,158 46,356,534 43,668,294 -1.5 0 0 2,427 1,569,041 41,430,518 

Equity 4,423,904 4,409,702 4,330,864 4,489,264 4,256,115 3.9 0 27 31 49,118 4,374,728 

Commodity & other (excluding credit derivatives) 1,432,977 1,606,776 1,779,436 1,905,829 1,584,207 -9.5 0 0 59 121,947 1,310,971 

Credit 4,241,352 4,389,784 3,965,766 4,504,316 3,540,460 19.8 0 15 4,055 64,772 4,172,510 

Total 192,874,465 198,384,240 197,419,965 203,156,826 179,312,541 7.6 97 8,498 176,563 4,219,908 188,469,398 

Derivative Contracts by Transaction Type

Swaps 118,597,661 121,132,626 121,285,181 124,396,704 109,290,037 8.5 0 1,615 121,765 2,561,825 115,912,456 

Futures & forwards 28,748,693 31,661,060 32,045,336 33,523,101 31,179,813 -7.8 0 1,289 7,336 1,231,688 27,508,380 

Purchased options 19,695,467 19,118,334 18,596,675 18,875,284 16,490,297 19.4 0 48 20,449 167,691 19,507,279 

Written options 19,693,855 18,780,453 18,958,408 19,054,957 16,963,154 16.1 0 830 8,666 150,623 19,533,736 

Total 186,735,677 190,692,473 190,885,599 195,850,046 173,923,300 7.4 0 3,782 158,216 4,111,827 182,461,852 

Fair Value of Derivative Contracts 

Interest rate contracts 72,895 77,730 77,213 71,615 55,248 31.9 0 64 1,832 -6,358 77,357 

Foreign exchange contracts -14,980 15,025 11,233 11,938 -4,023 N/M 0 0 5 851 -15,836 

Equity contracts 4,403 16,949 12,308 -3,383 -8,794 N/M 0 -1 2 934 3,467 

Commodity & other (excluding credit derivatives) 8,892 18,933 22,615 21,140 6,479 37.2 0 0 1 112 8,779 

Credit derivatives as guarantor** 5,346 -16,373 -18,433 13,388 24,091 -77.8 0 2 18 -67 5,394 

Credit derivatives as beneficiary** -4,002 23,163 22,643 -14,304 -28,518 N/M 0 0 -1 -204 -3,797 

Derivative Contracts by Maturity***

Interest rate contracts < 1 year 

1-5 years 

> 5 years 

Foreign exchange and gold contracts < 1 year 

1-5 years 

> 5 years 

Equity contracts < 1 year 

1-5 years 

> 5 years 

Commodity & other contracts (including

credit derivatives, excluding gold 

contracts) < 1 year 

1-5 years 

> 5 years 

Risk-Based Capital: Credit Equivalent Amount

92,694,359 97,477,065 96,672,591 102,946,312 68,047,961 36.2 

27,375,719 26,085,681 26,253,904 26,322,685 41,247,368 -33.6 

20,667,382 19,919,888 22,979,692 23,004,026 20,471,315 1.0 

33,156,693 34,753,442 33,883,174 34,852,149 30,953,966 7.1 

4,811,621 4,481,609 4,545,526 4,822,181 4,863,871 -1.1 

2,444,283 2,226,842 2,476,418 2,618,402 2,551,933 -4.2 

4,335,420 4,315,354 4,272,177 4,491,365 3,880,771 11.7 

999,329 1,057,822 911,068 1,000,719 1,055,173 -5.3 

98,766 140,485 174,232 175,183 144,720 -31.8 

2,743,038 2,933,679 3,007,398 3,560,248 2,195,295 25.0 

2,844,771 2,819,537 2,653,707 2,658,498 2,569,198 10.7 

272,418 468,669 680,264 469,467 236,524 15.2 

3 1,454 17,929 1,356,166 91,318,806 

5 1,651 66,330 561,620 26,746,113 

0 2,141 66,374 383,554 20,215,312 

0 0 1,516 1,429,620 31,725,556 

0 0 362 117,787 4,693,471 

0 0 0 10,012 2,434,271 

0 7 2 25,334 4,310,077 

0 19 4 16,389 982,916 

0 0 7 1,448 97,311 

0 2 210 55,458 2,687,368 

0 8 976 51,509 2,792,278 

0 67 2,349 9,491 260,511 

Total current exposure to tier 1 capital (%) 14.9 21.0 17.5 16.7 19.4 0.0 0.8 2.9 4.3 23.1 

Total potential future exposure to tier 1 capital (%) 

Total exposure (credit equivalent amount) 

31.8 32.2 35.2 38.6 34.0 0.0 0.2 0.9 4.9 52.7 

to tier 1 capital (%) 46.7 53.2 52.7 55.3 53.4 0.0 1.0 3.9 9.2 75.8 

Credit losses on derivatives  101.7 106.6 104.6 109.5 17.9 468.2 0.0 3.9 0.1 -6.2 104.0 

HELD FOR TRADING 

Number of institutions reporting derivatives 

Total assets of institutions reporting derivatives 

Total deposits of institutions reporting derivatives 

165 173 172 180 185 -10.8 

16,459,067 16,479,456 16,613,598 17,113,288 16,931,266 -2.8 

13,224,436 13,290,901 13,519,225 14,065,377 13,957,564 -5.3 

0 14 81 59 11 

0 7,527 360,931 3,739,259 12,351,350 

0 6,316 298,170 3,044,452 9,875,497 

Derivative Contracts by Underlying

Risk Exposure

Interest rate 135,502,496 137,555,249 138,592,472 141,764,396 122,237,175 10.9 0 289 43,867 1,026,739 134,431,600 

Foreign exchange 40,604,230 42,216,283 41,401,741 43,028,040 41,349,240 -1.8 0 0 2,271 1,487,405 39,114,555 

Equity 4,375,929 4,363,822 4,283,905 4,463,312 4,231,348 3.4 0 0 0 41,369 4,334,559 

Commodity & other 1,391,961 1,565,817 1,737,954 1,865,296 1,543,080 -9.8 0 0 24 114,883 1,277,055 

Total 181,874,616 185,701,171 186,016,071 191,121,044 169,360,843 7.4 0 289 46,161 2,670,397 179,157,769 

Trading Revenues:

Cash & Derivative Instruments 

Interest rate**  4,623 -1,179 894 415 277 1,569.0 0 0 5 38 4,580 

Foreign exchange** 1,168 8,156 6,366 6,341 3,747 -68.8 0 0 1 206 961 

Equity** 3,099 3,308 777 1,458 3,534 -12.3 0 0 2 61 3,036 

Commodity & other (including credit derivatives)** 785 2,453 2,363 2,396 -390 -301.3 0 0 0 421 364 

Total trading revenues** 9,675 12,739 10,401 10,610 7,169 35.0 0 0 8 726 8,941 

Share of Revenue 

Trading revenues to gross revenues (%)** 

Trading revenues to net operating revenues (%)** 

4.8 7.1 6.8 7.4 5.2 

20.8 27.7 25.6 28.5 17.4 

0.0 0.0 0.2 1.7 5.8 

0.0 0.0 0.6 7.3 25.4 

HELD FOR PURPOSES OTHER THAN TRADING 

Number of institutions reporting derivatives 528 541 553 564 578 -8.7 0 94 293 128 13 

Total assets of institutions reporting derivatives 20,707,304 20,731,670 20,822,601 21,092,019 20,934,951 -1.1 0 53,838 1,178,538 6,388,048 13,086,880 

Total deposits of institutions reporting derivatives 16,786,151 16,883,460 17,089,680 17,465,139 17,353,129 -3.3 0 45,097 976,128 5,233,695 10,531,231 

Derivative Contracts by Underlying

Risk Exposure

Interest rate 4,252,675 4,412,573 4,267,827 4,110,189 3,998,732 6.4 0 3,466 111,845 1,388,292 2,749,071 

Foreign exchange 519,396 491,890 513,259 552,327 497,831 4.3 0 0 143 38,326 480,927 

Equity 47,975 45,880 46,959 25,951 24,767 93.7 0 27 31 7,749 40,169 

Commodity & other 41,016 40,959 41,482 40,534 41,128 -0.3 0 0 36 7,064 33,917 

Total notional amount 4,861,061 4,991,302 4,869,528 4,729,001 4,562,458 6.5 0 3,493 112,055 1,441,431 3,304,083 

All line items are reported on a quarterly basis. N/M - Not Meaningful 

* Includes spot foreign exchange contracts. All other references to foreign exchange contracts in which notional values or fair values are reported exclude spot foreign exchange contracts.

** Does not include banks filing the FFIEC 051 report form, which was introduced in first quarter 2017.

*** Derivative contracts subject to the risk-based capital requirements for derivatives.

**** Credit losses on derivatives is applicable to all banks filing the FFIEC 031 report form and banks filing the FFIEC 041 report form that have $300 million or more in total assets, but is not

applicable to banks filing the FFIEC 051 form. 

16 
QUARTERLY 

 

2023 VOLUME 17, NUMBER 1 

TABLE VII-A. Servicing, Securitization, and Asset Sales Activities (All FDIC-Insured Call Report Filers)* 

(dollar figures in millions) 

% 

4th 3rd 2nd 1st 4th Change 

Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter 21Q3-

2022 2022 2022 2022 2021 22Q3 

Asset Size Distribution 

Less $100 $1 $10 Greater 

Than Million Billion Billion Than 

$100 to $1 to $10 to $250 $250 

Million Billion Billion Billion Billion 

Assets Securitized and Sold with Servicing Retained or with

Recourse or Other Seller-Provided Credit Enhancements 

Number of institutions reporting securitization activities 

Outstanding Principal Balance by Asset Type** 

64 64 64 62 62 3.2 0 5 11 39 9 

1-4 family residential loans $257,640 $275,921 $286,245 $285,743 $324,821 -20.7 $0 $5,473 $14,013 $60,674 $177,479 

Home equity loans 5 5 6 6 6 -16.7 0 0 0 5 0 

Credit card receivables 103 76 39 12 0 0.0 0 0 0 103 0 

Auto loans 1,102 541 59 72 169 552.1 0 0 0 660 442 

Other consumer loans 1,202 1,277 1,347 1,169 1,241 -3.1 0 0 0 677 525 

Commercial and industrial loans 4,988 4,626 5,265 6,228 6,624 -24.7 0 0 0 0 4,988 

All other loans, leases, and other assets 115,199 113,555 114,372 111,531 106,355 8.3 0 0 6,881 10,212 98,106 

Total securitized and sold 380,239 396,001 407,333 404,761 439,216 -13.4 0 5,473 20,894 72,331 281,540 

Maximum Credit Exposure by Asset Type**

1-4 family residential loans 633 650 726 847 1,041 -39.2 0 0 0 408 225 

Home equity loans 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 

Credit card receivables 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 

Auto loans 19 19 0 0 2 850.0 0 0 0 0 19 

Other consumer loans 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 

Commercial and industrial loans 219 203 226 263 275 -20.4 0 0 0 0 219 

All other loans, leases, and other assets 2,790 2,975 2,525 2,486 2,500 11.6 0 0 63 372 2,355 

Total credit exposure 

Total unused liquidity commitments provided to institution’s own 

3,661 3,847 3,477 3,596 3,818 -4.1 0 0 63 780 2818 

securitizations 236 210 187 225 241 -2.1 0 0 0 0 236 

Securitized Loans, Leases, and Other Assets 30-89 Days

Past Due (%)**

1-4 family residential loans 2.9 2.5 2.4 2.2 2.1 0.0 1.6 0.2 3.3 3 

Home equity loans 5.5 3.4 9.3 8.6 4.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.5 0 

Credit card receivables 5.8 3.9 2.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.8 0 

Auto loans 1.2 0.4 0.0 0.0 1.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.5 0.7 

Other consumer loans 3.3 3.1 2.9 3.4 2.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.6 5.5 

Commercial and industrial loans 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 

All other loans, leases, and other assets 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 0.1 

Total loans, leases, and other assets 

Securitized Loans, Leases, and Other Assets 90 Days or More

Past Due (%)** 

2.0 1.8 1.9 1.7 1.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.0 2 

1-4 family residential loans 0.8 1.1 1.4 1.6 1.9 0.0 1.1 0.0 1.9 0.5 

Home equity loans 28.1 27.5 26.0 27.4 28.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 28.1 0 

Credit card receivables 5.8 2.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.8 0 

Auto loans 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 

Other consumer loans 2.8 2.8 2.5 2.8 2.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 5.2 

Commercial and industrial loans 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 

All other loans, leases, and other assets 0.5 0.9 0.7 1.1 1.3 0.0 0.0 1.1 0.6 0.5 

Total loans, leases, and other assets 

Securitized Loans, Leases, and Other Assets Charged-off

(net, YTD, annualized, %)** 

0.5 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.5 

1-4 family residential loans 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 

Home equity loans 4.0 2.1 2.3 2.0 2.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.0 0 

Credit card receivables 1.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.9 0 

Auto loans 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 

Other consumer loans 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.7 

Commercial and industrial loans 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 

All other loans, leases, and other assets 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.3 0.1 

Total loans, leases, and other assets 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 

Seller’s Interests in Institution's Own Securitizations – 

Carried as Securities or Loans *** 

Home equity loans 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 

Credit card receivables 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 

Commercial and industrial loans 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 

Assets Sold with Recourse and Not Securitized 

Number of institutions reporting asset sales 

Outstanding Principal Balance by Asset Type 

311 316 318 321 329 -5.5 3 97 141 61 9 

1-4 family residential loans 24,182 27,018 27,429 29,138 32,291 -25.1 18 3,267 10,506 9,393 998 

All other loans, leases, and other assets 144,016 142,239 141,862 140,553 139,554 3.2 0 30 473 40,231 103,281 

Total sold and not securitized 168,198 169,257 169,291 169,691 171,844 -2.1 18 3,297 10,979 49,624 104,279 

Maximum Credit Exposure by Asset Type

1-4 family residential loans 8,620 9,015 9,893 9,796 11,750 -26.6 1 298 3,406 4,368 548 

All other loans, leases, and other assets 41,742 41,221 41,203 40,923 40,576 2.9 0 30 37 12,498 29,177 

Total credit exposure 50,362 50,235 51,095 50,720 52,326 -3.8 1 328 3,443 16,866 29,725 

Support for Securitization Facilities Sponsored by

Other Institutions 

Number of institutions reporting securitization facilities

sponsored by others 

36 36 36 37 36 0.0 0 11 12 6 7 

Total credit exposure 20,092 21,922 22,526 23,468 21,148 -5.0 0 0 0 795 19,297 

Total unused liquidity commitments 3,165 3,576 1,995 2,194 425 644.7 0 0 0 295 2,870 

Other 

Assets serviced for others  

Asset-backed commercial paper conduits 

6,329,054 6,178,078 6,111,536 6,046,070 5,881,678 7.6 2,759 251,827 418,962 1,438,390 4,217,116 

Credit exposure to conduits sponsored by institutions and others 

Unused liquidity commitments to conduits sponsored by 

4,128 3,803 5,836 6,289 21,662 -80.9 0 0 0 0 4,128 

institutions and others 60,714 59,659 61,747 64,654 51,794 17.2 0 0 0 43 60,671 

Net servicing income (for the quarter) 1,404 3,224 3,489 4,523 1,626 -13.7 6 106 453 185 653 

Net securitization income (for the quarter) 38 -11 -2 -10 150 -74.7 0 -2 2 24 14 Total credit exposure to Tier 1 capital (%)** *** 3.1 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.3 -6.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 2.1 4.8 

* Does not include banks filing the FFIEC 051 report form, which was introduced in first quarter 2017.

** Beginning June 2018, for banks that file the FFIEC 041 report form, all other loans include home equity loans, credit card receivables, auto loans, other consumer loans, and commercial and

industrial loans. 

*** Beginning June 2018, only includes banks that file the FFIEC 031 report form.

  The amount of financial assets serviced for others, other than closed-end 1-4 family residential mortgages, is reported when these assets are greater than $10 million.

** *** Total credit exposure includes the sum of the three line items titled “Total credit exposure” reported above. 

17 
QUARTERLY 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2023 VOLUME 17, NUMBER 1 

TABLE VIII-A. Trust Services (All FDIC-Insured Institutions) 

(dollar figures in millions) 

All Insured Institutions Asset Size Distribution 

% 

Change Dec 31 Dec 31 Dec 31 Dec 31 2021-

2022 2021 2020 2019 2022 

Less 

Than $100 $1 Billion $10 Billion Greater 

$100 Million to to to $250 Than $250 

Million $1 Billion $10 Billion Billion Billion 

Number of institutions reporting 4,706 4,839 5,002 5,177 -2.7 761 2,964 823 145 13 

Number of institutions with fiduciary powers 1,499 1,530 1,578 1,627 -2.0 101 872 413 101 12 

Commercial banks 1,390 1,418 1,461 1,500 -2.0 91 827 367 93 12 

Savings institutions 109 112 117 127 -2.7 10 45 46 8 0 

Number of institutions exercising fiduciary powers 1,115 1,136 1,171 1,207 -1.8 63 626 323 91 12 

Commercial banks 1,028 1,048 1,079 1,106 -1.9 53 589 291 83 12 

Savings institutions 87 88 92 101 -1.1 10 37 32 8 0 

Number of institutions reporting fiduciary activity 1,053 1,082 1,118 1,147 -2.7 56 582 313 90 12 

Commercial banks 974 1,002 1,034 1,055 -2.8 46 551 283 82 12 

Savings institutions 79 80 84 92 -1.3 10 31 30 8 0 

Fiduciary and related assets - managed assets 

Personal trust and agency accounts 

Employee benefit and retirement-related trust and 

agency accounts: 

724,516 829,606 744,217 709,267 -12.7 17,631 73,088 83,573 279,981 270,243 

Employee benefit - defined contribution 602,362 743,274 594,988 493,000 -19.0 2,209 21,847 14,297 24,662 539,346 

Employee benefit - defined benefit 

Other employee benefit and retirement-related 

528,127 687,040 634,612 602,747 -23.1 3,564 3,068 16,414 19,299 485,783 

accounts 426,705 511,222 454,678 408,075 -16.5 7,042 92,021 32,656 106,654 188,333 

Corporate trust and agency accounts 

Investment management and investment advisory 

22,076 23,800 27,836 23,739 -7.2 0 4,253 2,642 3,010 12,171 

agency accounts 2,393,090 2,738,003 2,319,578 2,110,931 -12.6 21,302 135,962 133,713 549,102 1,553,012 

Other fiduciary accounts 

Total managed fiduciary accounts: 

617,239 631,976 553,382 468,541 -2.3 3,933 12,616 19,077 89,617 491,996 

Number of accounts 2,144,131 2,056,398 1,953,763 1,892,284 4.3 81,012 627,749 325,811 533,571 575,988 

Assets 5,314,115 6,164,921 5,329,291 4,816,302 -13.8 55,680 342,855 302,372 1,072,325 3,540,883 

Noninterest-bearing deposits 3,216 5,748 4,917 7,674 -44.1 47 311 209 1,477 1,172 

Interest-bearing deposits 89,978 83,343 77,995 69,079 8.0 112 3,684 8,286 15,681 62,214 

U.S. Treasury and U.S. Government agency obligations 199,349 128,582 131,620 138,753 55.0 1,810 9,224 18,380 73,099 96,835 

State, county and municipal obligations 233,459 238,219 252,130 253,381 -2.0 3,659 11,642 16,010 84,417 117,732 

Money market mutual funds 169,202 163,651 156,493 146,718 3.4 1,970 17,702 18,268 63,632 67,629 

Other short-term obligations 272,614 182,995 160,426 132,383 49.0 39 548 234 10,014 261,778 

Other notes and bonds 336,408 372,688 341,460 301,599 -9.7 7,087 6,098 13,751 50,490 258,983 

Common and preferred stocks 3,794,659 4,768,327 4,009,783 3,581,225 -20.4 37,543 276,124 203,115 712,150 2,565,728 

Real estate mortgages 1,754 1,777 2,048 2,125 -1.3 10 172 128 1,156 288 

Real estate 60,784 54,339 49,113 52,582 11.9 1,291 7,359 9,107 18,821 24,206 

Miscellaneous assets 152,693 165,252 143,307 130,782 -7.6 2,113 9,991 14,882 41,388 84,318 

Fiduciary and related assets - nonmanaged assets 

Personal trust and agency accounts 

Employee benefit and retirement-related trust and 

agency accounts: 

Employee benefit - defined contribution 

Employee benefit - defined benefit 

Other employee benefit and retirement-related accounts 

Corporate trust and agency accounts 

Other fiduciary accounts 

Total nonmanaged fiduciary accounts: 

Assets 

Number of accounts 

Custody and safekeeping accounts: 

Assets 

Number of accounts 

423,113 452,827 386,951 339,489 -6.6 

2,024,582 2,250,933 2,076,426 2,504,371 -10.1 

2,354,158 2,978,654 3,036,632 4,697,794 -21.0 

582,664 772,594 773,596 1,620,838 -24.6 

4,023,734 4,157,804 3,846,196 3,584,494 -3.2 

3,373,060 3,543,521 3,429,906 3,998,882 -4.8 

12,781,310 14,156,341 13,549,707 16,745,867 -9.7 

4,904,915 4,449,877 4,752,447 4,304,374 10.2 

127,319,047 143,798,619 129,464,890 110,653,618 -11.5 

15,726,954 24,613,652 13,479,805 13,731,356 -36.1 

13,481 24,781 24,618 203,579 156,653 

185,326 77,397 56,932 835,700 869,227 

11,062 17,244 15,080 847,376 1,463,395 

45,542 5,495 15,205 125,486 390,936 

4 77,200 294,368 312,947 3,339,215 

12,868 39,969 47,810 427,557 2,844,856 

268,283 242,086 454,014 2,752,646 9,064,282 

2,487,666 219,102 75,367 363,783 1,758,997 

44,867 1,803,739 1,565,956 11,123,611 112,780,873 

202,534 10,531,551 120,866 2,552,703 2,319,300 

147 300 613 1,936 2,038 

22 112 157 275 485 

10 20 25 287 656 

78 1,034 254 664 685 

0 122 184 491 784 

113 1,051 1,019 3,657 5,180 

6 2 6 166 342 

9 611 335 2,100 13,998 

8 136 116 259 537 

394 3,500 2,775 9,881 24,705 

278 2,696 1,964 7,662 23,763 

0 -2 9 50 387 

1 211 372 1,724 7,003 

115 902 1,109 3,849 7,549 

Fiduciary and related services income 

Personal trust and agency accounts 

Retirement-related trust and agency accounts: 

Employee benefit - defined contribution 

Employee benefit - defined benefit 

Other employee benefit and retirement-related accounts 

Corporate trust and agency accounts 

Investment management agency accounts 

Other fiduciary accounts 

Custody and safekeeping accounts 

Other fiduciary and related services income 

Total gross fiduciary and related services income 

Less: Expenses 

Less: Net losses from fiduciary and related services 

Plus: Intracompany income credits for fiduciary and 

related services 

Net fiduciary and related services income 

Collective investment funds and common trust funds 

(market value) 

5,034 5,237 4,700 4,584 -3.9 

1,051 1,128 1,030 1,195 -6.8 

998 1,079 1,102 1,361 -7.5 

2,715 2,700 2,243 2,176 0.6 

1,582 1,736 1,885 1,875 -8.9 

11,021 11,135 9,585 9,110 -1.0 

522 509 606 803 2.6 

17,054 17,752 16,127 14,535 -3.9 

1,057 1,079 1,032 926 -2.0 

41,255 42,623 38,540 36,841 -3.2 

36,363 35,702 34,306 34,623 1.9 

445 271 547 502 64.2 

9,312 6,276 7,335 10,137 48.4 

13,523 12,644 10,777 11,550 7.0 

Domestic equity funds 893,341 1,140,121 894,542 789,065 -21.6 8,164 67,891 9,516 5,317 802,453 

International/global equity funds 296,903 344,854 312,134 257,360 -13.9 1,096 20,169 35 2,844 272,759 

Stock/bond blend funds 166,117 225,365 209,306 175,200 -26.3 1,947 1,258 0 17,213 145,699 

Taxable bond funds 82,052 157,802 153,517 133,911 -48.0 701 14,787 1,103 3,542 61,919 

Municipal bond funds 1,589 2,030 2,106 2,287 -21.7 0 0 36 710 843 

Short-term investments/money market funds 143,746 165,770 156,498 143,418 -13.3 3,054 196 0 1,830 138,666 

Specialty/other funds 66,439 70,819 62,117 61,674 -6.2 0 16,497 5 1,947 47,990 

Total collective investment funds 1,653,795 2,111,006 1,794,996 1,570,104 -21.7 15,164 121,178 11,621 34,771 1,471,060 

18 
19 

QUARTERLY 

2023 VOLUME 17, NUMBER 1 

COMMUNITY BANK PERFORMANCE 

Community banks are identified based on criteria defined in the FDIC’s 2012 Community Banking Study. When 

comparing community bank performance across quarters, prior-quarter dollar amounts are based on community 

banks designated as such in the current quarter, adjusted for mergers. In contrast, prior-quarter ratios are based on 

community banks designated during the previous quarter. 

Full-Year 2022 Net Income Was Higher Than the Pre-Pandemic Average but Flat Compared With 20211 

Net Income Increased Modestly Quarter Over Quarter 

The Net Interest Margin Widened but at a Slower Pace Compared to Last Quarter 

Loan Growth Was Broad Based 

Asset Quality Remained Favorable Overall 

Total Deposits Remained Stable 

FULL-YEAR 2022 NET INCOME WAS 

HIGHER THAN THE PRE-PANDEMIC 

AVERAGE BUT FLAT COMPARED 

WITH 2021 

Community banks reported full-year 2022 net income of $30.4 billion, 

higher than the pre-pandemic average but marginally lower than fullyear 2021 net income. Net income in 2022 was $87.1 million (0.3 percent) 

lower than in 2021. The decrease was attributable to lower noninterest 

income, higher noninterest expense, realized losses on securities, 

and higher provision expense. Together, these negative components 

largely offset higher net interest income. The share of unprofitable 

community banks rose slightly from 3.3 percent to 3.5 percent. The 

aggregate pretax return on average assets (ROAA) ratio decreased from 

1.54 percent in 2021 to 1.40 percent in 2022. The full-year net interest 

margin (NIM) rose 17 basis points to 3.45 percent, the largest annual 

expansion since 1992. 

Chart 1 

Contributors to the Year-Over-Year Change in Income 

Chart 2 

Net Interest Margin 

1 “Pre-pandemic average” refers to the period first quarter 2015 through fourth quarter 2019 and is used consistently throughout this report.
QUARTERLY 

20 

2023 VOLUME 17, NUMBER 1 

QUARTERLY NET INCOME INCREASED 

MODESTLY FROM THIRD QUARTER 

Quarterly net income for the 4,258 community banks rose $33.0 million 

(0.4 percent) from one quarter ago to $8.3 billion in fourth quarter 

2022. Higher net interest income and lower losses on securities slightly 

exceeded increases in noninterest expense and provisions for credit 

losses. Slightly less than half (47.3 percent) of all community banks 

reported higher net income compared with third quarter 2022. The share 

of unprofitable community banks rose slightly to 5.8 percent. The pretax 

ROAA ratio fell 2 basis points from one quarter ago to 1.49 percent. 

Net income increased $1.1 billion (14.8 percent) from fourth quarter 

2021, as higher net interest income offset lower noninterest income and 

higher noninterest expense. Pretax ROAA rose 10 basis points from the 

year-ago quarter to 1.40 percent. 

THE NET INTEREST MARGIN 

CONTINUED TO WIDEN BUT AT A 

SLOWER PACE 

The average community bank quarterly NIM increased 7 basis points 

from the prior quarter to 3.71 percent, surpassing the pre-pandemic 

average of 3.63 percent. The NIM widened 48 basis points from the 

year-ago quarter, the largest year-over-year basis point increase since 

third quarter 1985. The quarterly increase in the NIM was due mainly to 

growth in net interest income and a decline in average earning assets. 

The average yield on earning assets rose 44 basis points from third quarter 

2022 to 4.53 percent due to strong loan growth; this increase was slightly 

lower than the 47 basis point increase between the second quarter and 

third quarter. Yields on total loans increased 34 basis points from the prior 

quarter and 57 basis points from the year-ago quarter to 5.20 percent, 

largely due to higher yields on commercial and industrial (C&I) loans and 

1–4 family residential real estate loans. Average funding costs increased 

37 basis points from third quarter 2022 to 0.82 percent, more than double 

the 18 basis point increase from the second quarter to the third quarter. 

The cost of deposits increased 34 basis points from the prior quarter and 

51 basis points from the year-ago quarter to 0.76 percent. 

Chart 3 

Change in Loan Balances and Unused Commitments 

FDIC-Insured Community Banks 

Chart 4 

Noncurrent Loan Rates for FDIC-Insured Community Banks 
QUARTERLY 2023 VOLUME 17, NUMBER 1 

NET OPERATING REVENUE ROSE 

2.8 PERCENT QUARTER OVER 

QUARTER ON STRONG NET INTEREST 

INCOME GROWTH 

Community bank net operating revenue (net interest income plus 

noninterest income) increased $767.7 million (2.8 percent) from third 

quarter 2022. More than 70 percent of community banks reported 

higher net interest income, driving an aggregate increase of 3.3 percent 

($739.6 million) from the previous quarter. Higher interest income, 

particularly on loans secured by farmland and nonfarm, nonresidential 

commercial real estate (CRE), drove the quarterly growth in net interest 

income. Noninterest income grew marginally (0.6 percent) from the 

prior quarter as lower net gains on loan sales were offset by an increase 

in “all other noninterest income.”2 

From the year-ago quarter, a $3.9 billion increase in net interest income 

was only partially offset by a $1.0 billion decline in noninterest income, 

resulting in a $2.9 billion (11.5 percent) increase in net operating revenue. 

Lower net gains on loan sales drove the annual decline in noninterest 

income, while higher interest income on loans secured by farmland and 

nonfarm, nonresidential CRE and 1–4 family residential real estate loans 

drove the year-over-year growth in net interest income. 

NONINTEREST EXPENSE ROSE 

QUARTER OVER QUARTER AND 

YEAR OVER YEAR 

Noninterest expense rose $765.4 million (4.7 percent) from third quarter 

and $855.7 million (5.2 percent) from fourth quarter 2021 to $17.2 billion. 

Higher compensation expense and data processing expense drove the 

quarterly and annual increase in noninterest expense. Noninterest 

expense as a share of average assets rose 6 basis points to 2.56 percent 

from one quarter ago as growth in noninterest expense outpaced growth 

in average assets. The community bank efficiency ratio (noninterest 

expense as a share of net operating revenue) rose 97 basis points from 

one quarter ago to 60.59 percent as growth in noninterest expense 

outpaced growth in net operating revenue. 

PROVISION EXPENSE INCREASED Quarterly provision expense of $938.3 million was $172.8 million 

(22.6 percent) higher than one quarter ago and $589.2 million higher 

than one year ago.3

 As of fourth quarter 2022, 164 community banks had 

adopted current expected credit loss (CECL) accounting. Community 

bank CECL adopters reported provision expense of $270.1 million, an 

increase of $100.5 million from the previous quarter and an increase of 

$281.6 million from the previous year.4 Provision expense for community 

banks that had not adopted CECL accounting totaled $668.3 million, an 

increase of $72.3 million from one quarter ago and $307.6 million from 

one year ago. 

2 “All other noninterest income” includes income and fees from ATMs and wire transfers, bank and credit card interchange fees, earnings on/increase in value of cash 

surrender value of life insurance, and safe deposit box rent. No category was the primary driver of the quarterly change. 

3 Provisions for credit losses include both losses for loans and securities for CECL adopters but only loan losses for non-adopters. 

4 The CECL analysis compares the quarterly provisions of the 161 community banks that identified as CECL adopters in fourth quarter with their provisions one year ago and one 

quarter ago. 

21
QUARTERLY 2023 VOLUME 17, NUMBER 1 

The reserve coverage ratio (the ratio of the allowance for credit losses 

to noncurrent loans) increased 9.6 percentage points from the previous 

quarter and 51.4 percentage points from the year-ago quarter to 

274.3 percent, the highest level in the history of the Quarterly Banking 

Profile, as noncurrent loan balances declined and the allowance for 

credit losses increased.5 The reserve coverage ratio for community 

banks was 62.3 percentage points above the reserve coverage ratio for 

noncommunity banks. 

COMMUNITY BANK ASSETS ROSE 

ON STRONG LOAN GROWTH 

Total assets increased $41.9 billion (1.6 percent) from third quarter 2022 

and $119.4 billion (4.6 percent) from the previous year. Total loans and 

leases, which increased $64.3 billion (3.7 percent) from one quarter ago 

and $230.2 billion (14.4 percent) from one year ago, drove quarterly and 

annual asset growth. Declines in cash and balances due from depository 

institutions of $24.0 billion (13.6 percent) from the previous quarter and 

$148.7 billion (49.3 percent) from the previous year offset a portion of 

total loan and lease growth. The balance of securities fell $866.9 million 

(0.1 percent) from third quarter 2022, weighing on quarterly asset 

growth, but remained $23.5 billion higher than one year ago. 

UNREALIZED LOSSES ON 

SECURITIES DECREASED BUT 

REMAIN ELEVATED 

Unrealized losses on securities totaled $68.0 billion in the fourth 

quarter, down from $75.0 billion in the third quarter. Unrealized losses 

on held-to-maturity securities totaled $11.2 billion, while unrealized 

losses on available-for-sale securities totaled $56.9 billion in the fourth 

quarter. 

LOAN GROWTH WAS STRONG AND 

BROAD BASED 

Total loan and lease balances in all major portfolios increased from one 

quarter ago, and 82.1 percent of community banks reported quarterly 

loan growth. Growth in nonfarm, nonresidential CRE loan balances 

of $17.5 billion (3.2 percent) and 1–4 family residential real estate loan 

balances of $16.9 billion (4.1 percent) drove the quarterly increase in loan 

balances. 

Loan balances in all portfolios also grew from one year ago, and 

87.9 percent of community banks reported annual loan growth. 

Growth in nonfarm, nonresidential CRE loan balances of $70.6 billion 

(14.1 percent) and 1–4 family residential real estate loan balances of 

$59.8 billion (16.3 percent) drove the annual increase. C&I loan balances 

grew by just $12.3 billion (5.4 percent) from fourth quarter 2021 

primarily due to Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) loan repayment and 

forgiveness. PPP loan balances declined by $24.1 billion (91.8 percent) 

from fourth quarter 2021 to $2.2 billion. Excluding the effect of declines 

in PPP loans, annual total loan growth would have been 16.2 percent and 

annual C&I loan growth would have been 18.0 percent. 

5 The reserve coverage ratio is the ratio of the allowance for credit losses to the total of loans that are 90 days or more past due plus the total of loans in nonaccrual status. 

22
QUARTERLY 2023 VOLUME 17, NUMBER 1 

DEPOSITS WERE NEARLY 

UNCHANGED FROM THE 

PREVIOUS QUARTER 

Community banks reported a nominal deposit growth rate of 

0.03 percent ($621.6 million) during fourth quarter 2022, lower than 

the growth rate of 0.8 percent reported in third quarter 2022. However, 

more than half of all community banks (55.2 percent) reported a 

decrease in deposit balances from the prior quarter. Growth in deposit 

accounts with less than $250,000 (up $20.6 billion) drove total deposit 

growth and was almost entirely offset by a decline in uninsured 

balances. In the fourth quarter, growth in interest-bearing deposit 

balances (up $19.5 billion, or 1.2 percent) was largely offset by a decline 

in noninterest-bearing deposits. Deposit balances rose 3.5 percent 

($77.2 billion) from one year ago. 

Other borrowed money rose $27.9 billion (34.6 percent) from one quarter 

ago because of an increase in Federal Home Loan Bank advances of 

$27.0 billion (35.4 percent). The share of wholesale funds to total assets 

was 19.2 percent in fourth quarter, up from 17.2 percent in third quarter 

2022 and above the pre-pandemic average of 17.5 percent.6 

EARLY-STAGE DELINQUENCIES 

CONTINUED TO RISE MODESTLY 

The rate of loans and leases 30 to 89 days past due grew 3 basis points 

from one quarter and one year ago to 0.36 percent, a level that remains 

below the pre-pandemic average of 0.55 percent. The residential real 

estate loan past-due rate rose 13 basis points from the prior quarter and 

1 basis point from the year-ago quarter to 0.52 percent, but remained 

below the pre-pandemic average of 0.82 percent. The nonfarm, 

nonresidential CRE loan past-due rate rose 2 basis points from the prior 

quarter but remained the same as the year-ago quarter at 0.17 percent. 

THE NONCURRENT LOAN RATE 

REACHED A NEW RECORD LOW 

Loans and leases 90 days or more past due or in nonaccrual status 

(noncurrent loan balances) continued to decline, and the noncurrent 

rate decreased 2 basis points from third quarter 2022 to 0.44 percent. 

This is the lowest noncurrent rate on record for community banks 

since data collection began in first quarter 1984. Slightly more than 

half of community banks (50.8 percent) reported quarter-over-quarter 

reductions in noncurrent loan balances. Noncurrent loan balances for 

1–4 family residential real estate and consumer loans increased slightly 

from the prior quarter; however, these increases were less than the 

declines community banks reported in the noncurrent loan balances of 

nonfarm, nonresidential CRE loans, farm loans, and C&I loans. 

6 Wholesale funding includes federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreement to repurchase; Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings; brokered (net of reciprocal 

deposits), municipal and state, and foreign deposits (which are not FDIC insured); other borrowings; and listing services. 

23 
QUARTERLY 2023 VOLUME 17, NUMBER 1 

THE NET CHARGE-OFF RATE 

REMAINED LOW 

The community banks net charge-off rate increased to 0.11 percent from 

0.09 percent in fourth quarter 2021. The net charge-off rate declined 

for larger portfolios such as nonfarm, nonresidential CRE (which make 

up 31.2 percent of total loan balances), which dropped 2 basis points to 

0.04 percent. In contrast, the net charge-off rate for consumer loans 

(which account for 4.4 percent of total loan balances) increased 39 basis 

points from the prior quarter and more than doubled from one year ago 

to 1.23 percent. 

CAPITAL RATIOS 

REMAINED STRONG 

The tier 1 risk-based capital ratio for community banks that did not 

file the community bank leverage ratio (CBLR) was 13.62 percent, 

down 11 basis points from the prior quarter, as growth in higher riskweighted assets outpaced tier 1 capital formation. The average CBLR 

for the 1,608 community banks that elected to use the CBLR framework 

was 11.87 percent, up 5 basis points from third quarter 2022. The 

leverage capital ratio for community banks increased 8 basis points 

to 10.51 percent in fourth quarter 2022. Equity capital rose $10.8 billion 

(4.5 percent) in fourth quarter 2022 as lower market interest rates 

improved the value of available-for-sale investment securities, resulting 

in a slight reversal in the negative accumulated other comprehensive 

income observed in previous quarters. However, no community banks 

are advanced approach institutions and, therefore, these losses did not 

directly affect their regulatory capital ratios. 

TWO COMMUNITY BANKS OPENED 

AND NO COMMUNITY BANKS FAILED 

IN FOURTH QUARTER 2022 

The number of community banks declined to 4,258 in the fourth quarter, 

down 45 from the previous quarter. Eleven banks transitioned from 

community to noncommunity banks, one bank transitioned from a 

noncommunity to a community bank, six community banks ceased 

operations, 31 community banks merged during the quarter, and two 

new community banks started reporting financial results. 

Author: 

Dorothy G. Miranda 

Senior Financial Analyst 

Division of Insurance and Research 

24 
QUARTERLY 

Return on assets (%) 

2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 

1.15 1.26 1.09 1.20 1.19 0.96 0.97 

Return on equity (%) 12.01 11.70 9.72 10.24 10.51 8.65 8.70 

Core capital (leverage) ratio (%) 10.51 10.16 10.32 11.14 11.13 10.80 10.68 

Noncurrent assets plus other real estate owned to assets (%) 0.33 0.40 0.60 0.65 0.71 0.79 0.94 

Net charge-offs to loans (%) 0.07 0.07 0.12 0.13 0.12 0.16 0.16 

Asset growth rate (%) -1.61 8.86 12.15 2.55 0.23 0.36 3.31 

Net interest margin (%) 3.45 3.28 3.39 3.66 3.73 3.62 3.57 

Net operating income growth (%) -3.60 29.68 -2.07 0.13 25.30 0.60 1.30 

Number of institutions reporting 4,258 4,386 4,556 4,750 4,978 5,224 5,461 

Percentage of unprofitable institutions (%) 3.45 3.26 4.52 3.96 3.66 5.72 4.69 

* Excludes insured branches of foreign banks (IBAs). 

2023 VOLUME 17, NUMBER 1 

TABLE I-B. Selected Indicators, FDIC-Insured Community Banks 

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2023 VOLUME 17, NUMBER 1 

TABLE II-B. Aggregate Condition and Income Data, FDIC-Insured Community Banks 

(dollar figures in millions) 

Number of institutions reporting 

Total employees (full-time equivalent) 

4th Quarter 3rd Quarter 4th Quarter %Change 

2022 2022 2021 21Q4-22Q4 

 4,258 4,303 4,386 -2.9 

375,620 379,800 385,572 -2.6 

CONDITION DATA 

Total assets $2,711,770 $2,704,138 $2,756,197 -1.6 

Loans secured by real estate 1,410,210 1,377,009 1,297,969 8.6 

1-4 Family residential mortgages 426,110 415,262 389,740 9.3 

Nonfarm nonresidential 569,754 559,184 533,122 6.9 

Construction and development 150,811 145,502 130,834 15.3 

Home equity lines 43,905 42,892 39,918 10.0 

Commercial & industrial loans 240,700 237,022 248,159 -3.0 

Loans to individuals 80,250 78,773 66,027 21.5 

Credit cards 2,740 2,550 2,137 28.2 

Farm loans 48,083 47,138 46,971 2.4 

Other loans & leases 47,251 47,242 51,838 -8.8 

Less: Unearned income 748 709 856 -12.7 

Total loans & leases 1,825,746 1,786,475 1,710,108 6.8 

Less: Reserve for losses* 22,096 21,936 22,149 -0.2 

Net loans and leases 1,803,650 1,764,539 1,687,958 6.9 

Securities** 599,627 604,686 599,817 0.0 

Other real estate owned 793 862 1,157 -31.5 

Goodwill and other intangibles 18,565 18,288 20,847 -10.9 

All other assets 289,135 315,764 446,418 -35.2 

Total liabilities and capital 2,711,770 2,704,138 2,756,197 -1.6 

Deposits 2,303,514 2,331,387 2,362,315 -2.5 

Domestic office deposits 2,302,836 2,330,847 2,359,910 -2.4 

Foreign office deposits 677 541 2,405 -71.8 

Brokered deposits 84,257 64,680 50,186 67.9 

Estimated insured deposits 1,556,141 1,563,138 1,571,510 -1.0 

Other borrowed funds 130,729 103,703 78,357 66.8 

Subordinated debt 320 326 272 17.5 

All other liabilities 25,461 24,370 22,473 13.3 

Total equity capital (includes minority interests) 251,746 244,352 292,780 -14.0 

Bank equity capital 251,616 244,219 292,651 -14.0 

Loans and leases 30-89 days past due 6,527 5,838 5,655 15.4 

Noncurrent loans and leases 8,056 8,287 9,936 -18.9 

Restructured loans and leases 3,943 4,122 4,659 -15.4 

Mortgage-backed securities 243,444 246,589 266,701 -8.7 

Earning assets 2,533,930 2,529,136 2,591,883 -2.2 

FHLB Advances 103,346 78,234 53,412 93.5 

Unused loan commitments 427,064 433,906 396,972 7.6 

Trust assets 350,204 352,806 406,950 -13.9 

Assets securitized and sold 26,338 24,586 25,196 4.5 

Notional amount of derivatives 103,638 105,130 125,294 -17.3 

INCOME DATA 

Full Year Full Year 4th Quarter 4th Quarter %Change 

2022 2021 %Change 2022 2021 21Q4-22Q4 

Total interest income $96,354 $88,252 9.2 $28,457 $22,289 27.7 

Total interest expense 11,152 7,655 45.7 5,175 1,690 206.1 

Net interest income 85,202 80,596 5.7 23,283 20,599 13.0 

Provision for credit losses*** 2,558 1,091 134.4 938 333 181.6 

Total noninterest income 19,945 24,900 -19.9 4,878 6,085 -19.8 

Total noninterest expense 64,897 64,977 -0.1 17,168 17,075 0.5 

Securities gains (losses) -789 845 -193.4 -62 187 -133.0 

Applicable income taxes 6,511 7,342 -11.3 1,741 1,719 1.3 

Extraordinary gains, net**** 23 30 -22.9 28 28 0.0 

Total net income (includes minority interests) 30,414 32,960 -7.7 8,279 7,771 6.5 

Bank net income 30,403 32,932 -7.7 8,279 7,774 6.5 

Net charge-offs 1,107 1,097 0.9 498 370 34.6 

Cash dividends 12,349 14,073 -12.2 3,791 4,547 -16.6 

Retained earnings 18,053 18,859 -4.3 4,488 3,227 39.1 

Net operating income 31,067 32,225 -3.6 8,330 7,589 9.8 

* For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, this item represents the allowance for credit losses on loans and leases held for investment and allocated transfer risk.

** For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, securities are reported net of allowances for credit losses.

*** For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, this item represents provisions for credit losses on a consolidated basis; for institutions that have not adopted ASU 2016-13,

this item represents the provision for loan and lease losses.

**** See Notes to Users for explanation. N/M - Not Meaningful 

26 
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2023 VOLUME 17, NUMBER 1 

TABLE II-B. Aggregate Condition and Income Data, FDIC-Insured Community Banks 

Prior Periods Adjusted for Mergers 

(dollar figures in millions) 

Number of institutions reporting 

Total employees (full-time equivalent) 

4th Quarter 3rd Quarter 4th Quarter %Change 

2022 2022 2021 21Q4-22Q4 

 4,258 4,256 4,245 0.3 

 375,620 375,747 372,007 1.0 

CONDITION DATA 

Total assets $2,711,770 $2,669,865 $2,592,362 4.6 

Loans secured by real estate 1,410,210 1,359,161 1,214,442 16.1 

1-4 Family residential mortgages 426,110 409,167 366,287 16.3 

Nonfarm nonresidential 569,754 552,238 499,164 14.1 

Construction and development 150,811 143,595 121,964 23.7 

Home equity lines 43,905 42,419 37,719 16.4 

Commercial & industrial loans 240,700 233,377 228,391 5.4 

Loans to individuals 80,250 76,383 62,264 28.9 

Credit cards 2,740 2,540 1,915 43.0 

Farm loans 48,083 46,559 46,128 4.2 

Other loans & leases 47,251 46,626 45,117 4.7 

Less: Unearned income 748 706 778 -3.9 

Total loans & leases 1,825,746 1,761,399 1,595,564 14.4 

Less: Reserve for losses* 22,096 21,701 20,816 6.1 

Net loans and leases 1,803,650 1,739,698 1,574,747 14.5 

Securities** 599,627 600,494 576,088 4.1 

Other real estate owned 793 843 1,128 -29.7 

Goodwill and other intangibles 18,565 18,056 17,064 8.8 

All other assets 289,135 310,774 423,335 -31.7 

Total liabilities and capital 2,711,770 2,669,865 2,592,362 4.6 

Deposits 2,303,514 2,302,892 2,226,309 3.5 

Domestic office deposits 2,302,836 2,302,352 2,225,669 3.5 

Foreign office deposits 677 541 641 5.7 

Brokered deposits 84,257 63,639 45,588 84.8 

Estimated insured deposits 1,556,141 1,545,903 1,495,145 4.1 

Other borrowed funds 130,729 101,694 72,087 81.3 

Subordinated debt 320 320 234 36.7 

All other liabilities 25,461 24,048 20,172 26.2 

Total equity capital (includes minority interests) 251,746 240,911 273,560 -8.0 

Bank equity capital 251,616 240,778 273,438 -8.0 

Loans and leases 30-89 days past due 6,527 5,776 5,385 21.2 

Noncurrent loans and leases 8,056 8,223 9,230 -12.7 

Restructured loans and leases 3,943 4,088 4,505 -12.5 

Mortgage-backed securities 243,444 245,542 253,051 -3.8 

Earning assets 2,533,930 2,496,815 2,440,425 3.8 

FHLB Advances 103,346 76,376 48,084 114.9 

Unused loan commitments 427,064 428,299 368,994 15.7 

Trust assets 350,204 278,762 380,934 -8.1 

Assets securitized and sold 26,338 24,586 24,701 6.6 

Notional amount of derivatives 103,638 104,860 106,105 -2.3 

INCOME DATA 

Full Year Full Year 4th Quarter 4th Quarter %Change 

2022 2021 %Change 2022 2021 21Q4-22Q4 

Total interest income $96,354 $82,696 16.5 $28,457 $20,949 35.8 

Total interest expense 11,152 7,224 54.4 5,175 1,602 223.0 

Net interest income 85,202 75,472 12.9 23,283 19,347 20.3 

Provision for credit losses*** 2,558 1,154 121.7 938 349 168.7 

Total noninterest income 19,945 23,700 -15.8 4,878 5,921 -17.6 

Total noninterest expense 64,897 61,655 5.3 17,168 16,313 5.2 

Securities gains (losses) -789 802 -198.4 -62 179 -134.4 

Applicable income taxes 6,511 6,660 -2.2 1,741 1,568 11.0 

Extraordinary gains, net**** 23 8 176.8 28 6 326.8 

Total net income (includes minority interests) 30,414 30,513 -0.3 8,279 7,223 14.6 

Bank net income 30,403 30,490 -0.3 8,279 7,211 14.8 

Net charge-offs 1,107 999 10.8 498 343 45.2 

Cash dividends 12,349 13,320 -7.3 3,791 4,350 -12.9 

Retained earnings 18,053 17,170 5.1 4,488 2,860 56.9 

Net operating income 31,067 29,835 4.1 8,330 7,068 17.9 

* For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, this item represents the allowance for credit losses on loans and leases held for investment and allocated transfer risk.

** For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, securities are reported net of allowances for credit losses.

*** For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, this item represents provisions for credit losses on a consolidated basis; for institutions that have not adopted ASU 2016-13,

this item represents the provision for loan and lease losses.

**** See Notes to Users for explanation. N/M - Not Meaningful 

27 
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2023 VOLUME 17, NUMBER 1 

TABLE III-B. Aggregate Condition and Income Data by Geographic Region, FDIC-Insured Community Banks 

Fourth Quarter 2022 

(dollar figures in millions) 

Number of institutions reporting 

Total employees (full-time equivalent) 

All Community

Banks 

Geographic Regions* 

New York Atlanta Chicago Kansas City Dallas San Francisco 

4,258 

375,620 

469 479 939 1,154 960 257 

74,897 39,192 77,700 71,672 81,937 30,222 

CONDITION DATA 

Total assets $2,711,770 $656,637 $288,265 $504,424 $495,255 $521,456 $245,732 

Loans secured by real estate 1,410,210 388,930 150,354 252,298 239,993 255,368 123,268 

1-4 Family residential mortgages 426,110 141,604 43,674 72,637 68,231 73,243 26,721 

Nonfarm nonresidential 569,754 146,753 69,873 99,886 84,023 107,521 61,697 

Construction and development 150,811 27,684 18,339 23,194 26,080 44,380 11,133 

Home equity lines 43,905 11,499 5,885 10,420 5,618 5,320 5,163 

Commercial & industrial loans 240,700 51,746 23,897 50,544 49,704 46,960 17,849 

Loans to individuals 80,250 18,541 7,269 13,613 13,271 13,277 14,280 

Credit cards 2,740 401 109 193 1,030 252 755 

Farm loans 48,083 576 1,314 8,595 27,955 7,171 2,472 

Other loans & leases 47,251 14,775 3,207 10,523 7,831 7,805 3,109 

Less: Unearned income 748 118 110 71 119 201 129 

Total loans & leases 1,825,746 474,451 185,930 335,502 338,635 330,380 160,848 

Less: Reserve for losses** 22,096 4,962 2,237 4,032 4,451 4,209 2,205 

Net loans and leases 1,803,650 469,488 183,694 331,470 334,184 326,170 158,644 

Securities*** 599,627 121,653 65,326 116,852 110,593 128,780 56,423 

Other real estate owned 793 147 93 154 193 167 40 

Goodwill and other intangibles 18,565 4,831 948 4,299 3,478 3,648 1,362 

All other assets 289,135 60,518 38,205 51,650 46,808 62,691 29,263 

Total liabilities and capital 2,711,770 656,637 288,265 504,424 495,255 521,456 245,732 

Deposits 2,303,514 543,985 249,896 427,197 419,780 454,141 208,515 

Domestic office deposits 2,302,836 543,337 249,890 427,197 419,780 454,141 208,490 

Foreign office deposits 677 647 6 0 0 0 25 

Brokered deposits 84,257 31,479 7,688 14,351 14,368 10,063 6,309 

Estimated insured deposits 1,556,141 370,662 158,686 304,489 304,403 291,686 126,215 

Other borrowed funds 130,729 39,227 11,041 27,278 27,324 16,394 9,465 

Subordinated debt 320 148 0 16 6 139 10 

All other liabilities 25,461 8,787 2,528 3,965 3,792 3,495 2,895 

Total equity capital (includes minority

interests) 

251,746 64,490 24,801 45,968 44,352 47,287 24,847 

Bank equity capital 251,616 64,465 24,799 45,876 44,351 47,277 24,846 

Loans and leases 30-89 days past due 6,527 1,466 622 1,069 1,201 1,691 478 

Noncurrent loans and leases 8,056 2,402 624 1,509 1,247 1,621 653 

Restructured loans and leases 3,943 1,443 282 809 603 502 304 

Mortgage-backed securities 243,444 62,338 29,132 42,551 36,148 46,612 26,662 

Earning assets 2,533,930 614,247 269,695 470,112 462,851 486,365 230,659 

FHLB Advances 103,346 34,268 9,024 21,526 20,211 12,016 6,301 

Unused loan commitments 427,064 96,411 39,443 82,534 90,170 79,996 38,509 

Trust assets 350,204 66,028 14,238 76,504 135,046 46,738 11,650 

Assets securitized and sold 26,338 10,903 10 4,655 5,622 4,648 500 

Notional amount of derivatives 103,638 43,111 10,442 14,685 20,450 7,272 7,678 

INCOME DATA 

Total interest income $28,457 $6,745 $3,052 $5,137 $5,108 $5,681 $2,735 

Total interest expense 5,175 1,461 482 923 1,042 885 381 

Net interest income 23,283 5,284 2,570 4,214 4,066 4,796 2,353 

Provision for credit losses  938 208 111 131 148 214 126 

Total noninterest income 4,878 937 439 1,176 894 908 524 

Total noninterest expense 17,168 3,919 1,797 3,149 3,079 3,456 1,768 

Securities gains (losses) -62 161 -33 -62 -59 -48 -21 

Applicable income taxes 1,741 523 198 354 230 220 216 

Extraordinary gains, net** *** 28 28 -1 0 0 0 0 

Total net income (includes minority interests) 8,279 1,759 869 1,694 1,446 1,766 746 

Bank net income 8,279 1,759 869 1,694 1,446 1,765 746 

Net charge-offs 498 113 46 67 107 86 79 

Cash dividends 3,791 553 381 903 760 882 311 

Retained earnings 4,488 1,206 488 790 686 884 434 

Net operating income 8,330 1,610 897 1,749 1,499 1,810 764 

* See Table V-A for explanation.

** For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, this item represents the allowance for credit losses on loans and leases held for investment and allocated transfer risk.

*** For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, securities are reported net of allowances for credit losses.

  For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, this item represents provisions for credit losses on a consolidated basis; for institutions that have not adopted ASU 2016-13,

this item represents the provision for loan and lease losses.

** *** See Notes to Users for explanation. 

28 
QUARTERLY 2023 VOLUME 17, NUMBER 1 

Table IV-B. Fourth Quarter 2022, FDIC-Insured Community Banks 

Performance ratios (annualized, %) 

Yield on earning assets 

All Community Banks Fourth Quarter 2022, Geographic Regions*

 4th Quarter 3rd Quarter 

2022 2022 New York Atlanta Chicago Kansas City Dallas San Francisco 

4.53 4.09 4.43 4.57 4.40 4.47 4.72 4.76 

Cost of funding earning assets 0.82 0.46 0.96 0.72 0.79 0.91 0.74 0.66 

Net interest margin 3.71 3.63 3.47 3.84 3.61 3.55 3.98 4.10 

Noninterest income to assets 0.73 0.76 0.58 0.62 0.94 0.73 0.70 0.86 

Noninterest expense to assets 2.56 2.50 2.41 2.52 2.52 2.52 2.68 2.89 

Loan and lease loss provision to assets 0.14 0.12 0.13 0.15 0.10 0.12 0.17 0.21 

Net operating income to assets 1.24 1.28 0.99 1.26 1.40 1.23 1.40 1.25 

Pretax return on assets 1.49 1.51 1.40 1.49 1.64 1.37 1.54 1.57 

Return on assets 1.23 1.25 1.08 1.22 1.35 1.18 1.37 1.22 

Return on equity 13.47 13.56 11.11 14.30 15.10 13.37 15.43 12.30 

Net charge-offs to loans and leases 0.11 0.07 0.10 0.10 0.08 0.13 0.11 0.20 

Loan and lease loss provision to net charge-offs 185.64 241.71 179.99 243.03 189.28 137.65 241.71 161.50 

Efficiency ratio 60.59 59.62 62.70 59.29 57.99 61.63 60.21 61.18 

Net interest income to operating revenue 82.68 81.73 84.94 85.40 78.18 81.97 84.08 81.79 

% of unprofitable institutions 5.75 3.60 5.33 5.85 5.22 5.81 5.94 7.39 

% of institutions with earnings gains 70.57 63.10 64.61 76.83 69.97 69.50 73.02 67.70 

* See Table V-A for explanation. 

Table V-B. Full Year 2022, FDIC-Insured Community Banks 

Performance ratios (%) 

Yield on earning assets 

All Community Banks Full Year 2022, Geographic Regions* 

Full Year Full Year 

2022 2021 New York Atlanta Chicago Kansas City Dallas San Francisco 

3.90 3.59 3.85 3.89 3.77 3.87 4.07 4.00 

Cost of funding earning assets 0.45 0.31 0.51 0.39 0.44 0.51 0.41 0.35 

Net interest margin 3.45 3.28 3.33 3.49 3.33 3.36 3.66 3.65 

Noninterest income to assets 0.76 0.95 0.58 0.64 0.97 0.80 0.76 0.83 

Noninterest expense to assets 2.46 2.48 2.31 2.45 2.45 2.44 2.56 2.74 

Loan and lease loss provision to assets 0.10 0.04 0.10 0.10 0.07 0.09 0.12 0.13 

Net operating income to assets 1.18 1.23 1.00 1.12 1.29 1.23 1.33 1.07 

Pretax return on assets 1.40 1.54 1.23 1.35 1.54 1.41 1.49 1.39 

Return on assets 1.15 1.26 0.95 1.10 1.27 1.21 1.32 1.06 

Return on equity 12.01 11.70 9.38 12.22 13.34 12.96 14.12 10.43 

Net charge-offs to loans and leases 0.07 0.07 0.08 0.05 0.04 0.07 0.07 0.08 

Loan and lease loss provision to net charge-offs 226.90 99.95 173.03 304.87 270.11 191.62 275.05 258.88 

Efficiency ratio 61.36 61.22 62.07 61.93 59.60 61.16 60.88 63.94 

Net interest income to operating revenue 81.03 76.40 84.38 83.59 76.35 79.77 81.80 80.51 

% of unprofitable institutions 3.45 3.26 5.54 5.22 3.41 1.82 2.50 7.39 

% of institutions with earnings gains 56.20 74.72 59.91 71.40 53.57 42.81 65.94 54.47 

* See Table V-A for explanation. 

29 
QUARTERLY 2023 VOLUME 17, NUMBER 1 

Table VI-B. Loan Performance, FDIC-Insured Community Banks 

December 31, 2022 

Percent of Loans 30-89 Days Past Due 

All Community

Banks 

Geographic Regions* 

New York Atlanta Chicago Kansas City Dallas San Francisco 

All loans secured by real estate 0.29 0.25 0.27 0.32 0.30 0.40 0.20 

Construction and development 0.28 0.24 0.14 0.27 0.39 0.31 0.33 

Nonfarm nonresidential 0.17 0.17 0.12 0.18 0.20 0.22 0.10 

Multifamily residential real estate 0.08 0.10 0.05 0.07 0.02 0.22 0.06 

Home equity loans 0.39 0.45 0.43 0.37 0.32 0.44 0.24 

Other 1-4 family residential 0.52 0.38 0.58 0.63 0.47 0.72 0.44 

Commercial and industrial loans 0.41 0.26 0.54 0.27 0.49 0.53 0.55 

Loans to individuals 1.47 1.84 1.11 0.76 1.26 2.74 0.86 

Credit card loans 3.81 2.04 1.33 1.00 6.12 1.58 3.41 

Other loans to individuals 1.39 1.83 1.11 0.76 0.85 2.76 0.72 

All other loans and leases (including farm) 0.23 0.14 0.25 0.15 0.23 0.42 0.25 

Total loans and leases 0.36 0.31 0.33 0.32 0.35 0.51 0.30 

Percent of Loans Noncurrent 

All loans secured by real estate 0.41 0.47 0.31 0.47 0.34 0.42 0.29 

Construction and development 0.25 0.40 0.13 0.32 0.23 0.14 0.36 

Nonfarm nonresidential 0.38 0.44 0.29 0.49 0.33 0.40 0.24 

Multifamily residential real estate 0.16 0.18 0.12 0.18 0.14 0.13 0.13 

Home equity loans 0.36 0.46 0.19 0.28 0.35 0.28 0.61 

Other 1-4 family residential 0.53 0.62 0.44 0.59 0.35 0.59 0.34 

Commercial and industrial loans 0.65 0.88 0.51 0.49 0.49 0.67 1.03 

Loans to individuals 0.54 0.53 0.32 0.26 0.44 1.23 0.39 

Credit card loans 2.03 1.49 0.47 0.35 2.22 0.75 3.14 

Other loans to individuals 0.49 0.51 0.32 0.26 0.29 1.24 0.24 

All other loans and leases (including farm) 0.33 0.11 0.29 0.20 0.35 0.41 0.98 

Total loans and leases 0.44 0.51 0.34 0.45 0.37 0.49 0.41 

Percent of Loans Charged-Off (net, YTD) 

All loans secured by real estate 0.01 0.01 -0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 

Construction and development 0.00 0.02 -0.03 -0.01 0.01 -0.01 -0.02 

Nonfarm nonresidential 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.00 

Multifamily residential real estate 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.02 -0.01 0.00 

Home equity loans -0.01 -0.02 -0.03 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 

Other 1-4 family residential 0.00 0.00 -0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 

Commercial and industrial loans 0.15 0.29 0.19 0.11 0.10 0.15 -0.02 

Loans to individuals 0.86 0.89 0.78 0.26 1.08 0.98 1.24 

Credit card loans 6.51 3.33 0.86 0.97 11.49 1.40 5.24 

Other loans to individuals 0.67 0.83 0.78 0.25 0.26 0.97 1.03 

All other loans and leases (including farm) 0.07 0.05 0.16 0.06 0.04 0.11 0.19 

Total loans and leases 0.07 0.08 0.05 0.04 0.07 0.07 0.08 

Loans Outstanding (in billions) 

All real estate loans $1,410.2 $388.9 $150.4 $252.3 $240.0 $255.4 $123.3 

Construction and development 150.8 27.7 18.3 23.2 26.1 44.4 11.1 

Nonfarm nonresidential 569.8 146.8 69.9 99.9 84.0 107.5 61.7 

Multifamily residential real estate 135.1 58.9 8.0 26.6 17.5 9.0 15.1 

Home equity loans 43.9 11.5 5.9 10.4 5.6 5.3 5.2 

Other 1-4 family residential 426.1 141.6 43.7 72.6 68.2 73.2 26.7 

Commercial and industrial loans 240.7 51.7 23.9 50.5 49.7 47.0 17.8 

Loans to individuals 80.2 18.5 7.3 13.6 13.3 13.3 14.3 

Credit card loans 2.7 0.4 0.1 0.2 1.0 0.3 0.8 

Other loans to individuals 77.5 18.1 7.2 13.4 12.2 13.0 13.5 

All other loans and leases (including farm) 95.3 15.4 4.5 19.1 35.8 15.0 5.6 

Total loans and leases 1,826.5 474.6 186.0 335.6 338.8 330.6 161.0 

Memo: Unfunded Commitments (in millions) 

Total Unfunded Commitments 427,064 96,411 39,443 82,534 90,170 79,996 38,509 

Construction and development: 1-4 family residential 39,013 6,678 5,820 4,460 6,031 13,157 2,868 

Construction and development: CRE and other 104,404 25,052 10,278 18,924 18,116 24,690 7,344 

Commercial and industrial 126,799 30,332 10,174 28,632 25,903 20,918 10,840 

* See Table V-A for explanation.

Note: Noncurrent loan rates represent the percentage of loans in each category that are past due 90 days or more or that are in nonaccrual status. 

30 
31 

QUARTERLY 2023 VOLUME 17, NUMBER 1 

INSURANCE FUND INDICATORS 

Deposit Insurance Fund Increases by $2.8 Billion 

Insured Deposits Rise by 1.4 Percent 

DIF Reserve Ratio Increases to 1.27 Percent 

During the fourth quarter, the Deposit Insurance Fund (DIF) balance 

increased by $2.8 billion to $128.2 billion. Assessment revenue of 

$2.1 billion was the largest source of income. Interest earned on 

investments of $498 million, a net decrease in unrealized losses on 

available-for-sale securities of $474 million, negative provisions for 

insurance losses of $48 million, and other miscellaneous income of 

$114 million (largely attributable to an unrealized postretirement 

benefit gain) also added to the fund balance. Operating expenses 

of $515 million partially offset the increase in the fund balance. No 

insured institutions failed in the fourth quarter. 

The deposit insurance assessment base—average consolidated total 

assets minus average tangible equity—increased by 0.3 percent in the 

fourth quarter, though it rose by 1.9 percent over the last 12 months.1 , 2 

Total estimated insured deposits increased by 1.4 percent in the fourth 

quarter of 2022 and increased by 3.3 percent year over year. The DIF’s 

reserve ratio (the fund balance as a percent of insured deposits) was 

1.27 percent on December 31, 2022, up 1 basis point from the previous 

quarter and 1 basis point higher than the previous year. 

The FDIC adopted a restoration plan on September 15, 2020, to restore 

the reserve ratio to 1.35 percent, the statutory minimum, by September 

2028 as required by law. In October, the FDIC Board finalized a rule 

to increase initial base deposit insurance assessment rates by 2 basis 

points, beginning in the first quarter of 2023. These actions were 

undertaken to improve the likelihood that the reserve ratio reaches the 

statutory minimum of 1.35 percent before the statutory deadline while 

reducing the potential for a pro-cyclical increase in assessment rates 

should the banking industry enter a period of stress in the interim. 

Author: 

Charles James 

Financial Economist 

Division of Insurance and Research 

1 There are additional adjustments to the assessment base for banker’s banks and custodial banks. 

2 Figures for estimated insured deposits and the assessment base include insured branches of foreign banks, in addition to insured commercial banks and savings institutions.
QUARTERLY 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2023 VOLUME 17, NUMBER 1 

Table I-C. Insurance Fund Balances and Selected Indicators 

(dollar figures in millions) 

Deposit Insurance Fund* 

4th 

Quarter 

2022 

3rd 

Quarter 

2022 

2nd 

Quarter 

2022 

1st 

Quarter 

2022 

4th 

Quarter 

2021 

3rd 

Quarter 

2021 

2nd 

Quarter 

2021 

1st 

Quarter 

2021 

4th 

Quarter 

2020 

3rd 

Quarter 

2020 

2nd 

Quarter 

2020 

1st 

Quarter 

2020 

4th 

Quarter 

2019 

Beginning Fund Balance $125,457 $124,458 $123,039 $123,141 $121,935 $120,547 $119,362 $117,897 $116,434 $114,651 $113,206 $110,347 $108,940 

Changes in Fund

Balance: 

Assessments earned 

Interest earned on 

investment securities 

Realized gain on sale of

investments 

Operating expenses 

Provision for insurance 

losses 

All other income, 

net of expenses 

Unrealized gain/(loss) on

available-for-sale 

securities** 

Total fund balance change 

Ending Fund Balance 

Percent change from

four quarters earlier 

Reserve Ratio (%) 

2,142 

498 

0 

515 

-48 

114 

474 

2,761 

2,145 

332 

0 

456 

-49 

6 

-1,077 

999 

2,086 

225 

0 

460 

-86 

29 

-547 

1,419 

1,938 

191 

0 

453 

100 

8 

-1,686 

-102 

1,967 

197 

0 

475 

8 

61 

-536 

1,206 

1,662 

221 

0 

448 

-53 

65 

-165 

1,388 

1,589 

251 

0 

466 

-42 

2 

-233 

1,185 

1,862 

284 

0 

454 

-57 

1 

-285 

1,465 

1,884 

330 

0 

470 

-48 

9 

-338 

1,463 

2,047 

392 

0 

451 

-74 

5 

-284 

1,783 

1,790 

454 

0 

465 

-47 

2 

-383 

1,445 

1,372 

507 

0 

460 

12 

2 

1,450 

2,859 

1,272 

531 

0 

460 

-88 

21 

-45 

1,407 

128,218 

4.12 

125,457 

2.89 

124,458 

3.24 

123,039 

3.08 

123,141 

4.45 

121,935 

4.72 

120,547 

5.14 

119,362 

5.44 

117,897 

6.84 

116,434 

6.88 

114,651 

6.71 

113,206 

7.95 

110,347 

7.54 

1.27 1.26 1.26 1.23 1.26 1.27 1.27 1.25 1.29 1.30 1.30 1.38 1.41 

Estimated Insured 

Deposits 

Percent change from

four quarters earlier 

Domestic Deposits 

Percent change from

four quarters earlier 

10,067,996 

3.33 

9,925,602 

3.52 

9,912,197 

4.41 

9,972,566 

4.76 

9,743,587 

6.74 

9,588,373 

7.41 

9,493,550 

7.39 

9,519,014 

16.35 

9,128,608 

16.66 

8,926,807 

15.46 

8,840,599 

15.02 

8,181,082 

6.37 

7,824,654 

4.09 

17,778,227 

-2.52 

17,941,721 

1.50 

18,127,766 

5.37 

18,426,384 

8.52 

18,237,199 

11.62 

17,677,035 

12.47 

17,203,426 

10.54 

16,980,411 

18.31 

16,339,026 

23.19 

15,716,702 

20.71 

15,563,637 

21.70 

14,351,881 

12.78 

13,262,843 

4.77 

Assessment Base*** 

Percent change from

four quarters earlier 

20,975,808 

1.95 

20,917,208 

4.49 

20,946,769 

6.47 

20,830,967 

8.50 

20,575,077 

9.46 

20,019,250 

8.47 

19,673,388 

8.36 

19,199,696 

16.45 

18,796,136 

16.32 

18,456,376 

16.03 

18,155,443 

15.75 

16,487,165 

5.94 

16,159,565 

4.57 

Number of Institutions 

Reporting 4,715 4,755 4,780 4,805 4,848 4,923 4,959 4,987 5,011 5,042 5,075 5,125 5,186 

Table II-C. Problem Institutions and Failed Institutions 

(dollar figures in millions) 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 

Problem Institutions 

Number of institutions 39 44 56 51 60 95 123 

Total assets  $47,463 $170,172 $55,830 $46,190 $48,481 $13,939 $27,624 

Failed Institutions 

Number of institutions 0 0 4 4 0 8 5 

Total assets** *** $0 $0 $455 $209 $0 $5,082 $277 

* Quarterly financial statement results are unaudited.

** Includes unrealized postretirement benefit gain (loss).

*** Average consolidated total assets minus tangible equity, with adjustments for banker’s banks and custodial banks.

  Assets shown are what were on record as of the last day of the quarter.

** *** Total assets are based on final Call Reports submitted by failed institutions. 

32 
QUARTERLY 

DIF DIF-Insured 

Balance Deposits 

12/19 $110,347 $7,824,654 

3/20 113,206 8,181,082 

6/20 114,651 8,840,599 

9/20 116,434 8,926,807 

12/20 117,897 9,128,608 

3/21 119,362 9,519,014 

6/21 120,547 9,493,550 

9/21 121,935 9,588,373 

12/21 123,141 9,743,587 

3/22 123,039 9,972,566 

6/22 124,458 9,912,197 

9/22 125,457 9,925,602 

12/22 128,218 10,067,996 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2023 VOLUME 17, NUMBER 1 

DIF Reserve Ratios Deposit Insurance Fund Balance 

and Insured Deposits 

($ Millions)

Percent of Insured Deposits 

Table III-C. Estimated FDIC-Insured Deposits by Type of Institution 

(dollar figures in millions)

December 31, 2022 

Number of 

Institutions 

Total 

Assets 

Domestic 

Deposits* 

Est. Insured 

Deposits 

Commercial Banks and Savings Institutions 

FDIC-Insured Commercial Banks 

FDIC-Supervised 

OCC-Supervised 

Federal Reserve-Supervised 

FDIC-Insured Savings Institutions 

OCC-Supervised 

FDIC-Supervised 

Federal Reserve-Supervised

 4,127 

 2,743

 720 

 664 

 579 

 253 

 289

 37 

$22,319,462 

 4,135,162

 14,620,354

 3,563,946

 1,280,551 

 539,499

 307,909

 433,143 

$16,643,794 

 3,395,264

 10,588,290 

 2,660,240 

 1,081,571

 429,842

 251,115 

 400,614 

$9,159,536 

 2,076,819 

 5,777,948 

 1,304,769 

 864,751 

 358,192 

 183,697 

 322,863 

Total Commercial Banks and Savings Institutions 4,706 23,600,014 17,725,365 10,024,287 

Other FDIC-Insured Institutions 

U.S. Branches of Foreign Banks 9 105,313 52,862 43,709 

Total FDIC-Insured Institutions 4,715 23,705,326 17,778,227 10,067,996 

* Excludes $1.5 trillion in foreign office deposits, which are not FDIC insured. 

Table IV-C. Distribution of Institutions and Assessment Base by Assessment Rate Range 

Quarter Ending September 30, 2022 (dollar figures in billions) 

Annual Rate in Basis Points* 

1.50 - 3.00 

3.01 - 6.00 

6.01 - 10.00 

10.01 - 15.00 

15.01 - 20.00 

 20.01 - 25.00 

>25.00 

Number of Percent of Total Amount of Percent of Total 

Institutions Institutions Assessment Base Assessment Base 

2,865 60.3 $6,629.5 31.69 

1,381 29.0 12,912.0 61.73 

422 8.9 1,284.3 6.14 

44 0.9 78.5 0.38 

43 0.9 12.8 0.06 

0 0.0 0.0 0.00 

0 0.0 0.0 0.00 

* Values do not reflect updates to assessment rates which took effect starting January 1, 2023. 

33 
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35 

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2023 VOLUME 17, NUMBER 1 

NOTES TO USERS 

This publication contains financial data and other information for depository 

institutions insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC). These 

notes are an integral part of this publication and provide information regarding 

the comparability of source data and reporting differences over time. 

TABLES I-A THROUGH VIII-A. The information presented in Tables I-A through VIII-A of the FDIC Quarterly 

Banking Profile is aggregated for all FDIC-insured Call Report filers, both 

commercial banks and savings institutions. Some tables are arrayed by 

groups of FDIC-insured institutions based on predominant types of asset 

concentration, while other tables aggregate institutions by asset size and 

geographic region. Quarterly and full-year data are provided for selected 

indicators, including aggregate condition and income data, performance ratios, 

condition ratios, and structural changes, as well as past due, noncurrent, and 

charge-off information for loans outstanding and other assets. 

TABLES I-B THROUGH VI-B. The information presented in Tables I-B through VI-B is aggregated 

for all FDIC-insured commercial banks and savings institutions meeting the 

criteria for community banks that were developed for the FDIC’s Community 

Banking Study, published in December, 2012: https://www.fdic.gov/resources/ 

community-banking/cbi-study.html. 

The determination of which insured institutions are considered community 

banks is based on five steps. 

The first step in defining a community bank is to aggregate all charter-level 

data reported under each holding company into a single banking organization. 

This aggregation applies both to balance-sheet measures and the number 

and location of banking offices. Under the FDIC definition, if the banking 

organization is designated as a community bank, every charter reporting under 

that organization is also considered a community bank when working with data 

at the charter level. 

The second step is to exclude any banking organization where more than 

50 percent of total assets are held in certain specialty banking charters, 

including: credit card specialists, consumer nonbank banks, industrial loan 

companies, trust companies, bankers’ banks, and banks holding 10 percent or more 

of total assets in foreign offices. 

Once the specialty organizations are removed, the third step involves including 

organizations that engage in basic banking activities as measured by the total 

loans-to-assets ratio (greater than 33 percent) and the ratio of core deposits 

to assets (greater than 50 percent). Core deposits are defined as non-brokered 

deposits in domestic offices. Analysis of the underlying data shows that these 

thresholds establish meaningful levels of basic lending and deposit gathering 

and still allow for a degree of diversity in how individual banks construct their 

balance sheets. 

The fourth step includes organizations that operate within a limited geographic 

scope. This limitation of scope is used as a proxy measure for a bank’s 

relationship approach to banking. Banks that operate within a limited market 

area have more ease in managing relationships at a personal level. Under this 

step, four criteria are applied to each banking organization. They include both 

a minimum and maximum number of total banking offices, a maximum level 

of deposits for any one office, and location-based criteria. The limits on the 

number of and deposits per office are adjusted upward quarterly. For banking 
QUARTERLY 

	 	 	 	

	 	 	 	 	

	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 		 	 	 	

	 	 	 	 	 	 	

	 	 	 	 	 	

	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2023 VOLUME 17, NUMBER 1 

offices, banks must have more than one office, and the maximum number of 

offices is 40 in 1985 and reached 87 in 2016. The maximum level of deposits 

for any one office is $1.25 billion in deposits in 1985 and reached $6.97 billion 

in deposits in 2016. The remaining geographic limitations are also based on 

maximums for the number of states (fixed at 3) and large metropolitan areas 

(fixed at 2) in which the organization maintains offices. Branch office data are 

based on the most recent data from the annual June 30 Summary of Deposits 

Survey that are available at the time of publication. 

Finally, the definition establishes an asset-size limit, also adjusted upward 

quarterly and below which the limits on banking activities and geographic 

scope are waived. The asset-size limit is $250 million in 1985 and reached 

$1.39 billion in 2016. This final step acknowledges the fact that most of those 

small banks that are not excluded as specialty banks meet the requirements for 

banking activities and geographic limits in any event. 

SUMMARY OF FDIC RESEARCH 

DEFINITION OF COMMUNITY 

BANKING ORGANIZATIONS 

Community banks are designated at the level of the banking organization. 

(All charters under designated holding companies are considered community 

banking charters.) 

Exclude: Any organization with: 

— No loans or no core deposits 

— Assets held in foreign branches ≥ 10% of total assets 

— More than 50% of assets in certain specialty banks, including: 

• credit card specialists

• consumer nonbank banks1 

• industrial loan companies

• trust companies

• bankers’ banks

Include: All remaining banking organizations with: 

— Total assets < indexed size threshold2 

— Total assets ≥ indexed size threshold, where: 

•	 Loan to assets > 33%

•	 Core deposits to assets > 50%

•	 More than 1 office but no more than the indexed maximum number of

offices.3 

•	 Number of large MSAs with offices ≤ 2

•	 Number of states with offices ≤ 3

•	 No single office with deposits > indexed maximum branch deposit size.4 

TABLES I-C THROUGH IV-C. A separate set of tables (Tables I-C through IV-C) provides comparative 

quarterly data related to the Deposit Insurance Fund (DIF), problem 

institutions, failed institutions, estimated FDIC-insured deposits, as well as 

assessment rate information. Depository institutions that are not insured 

1 Consumer nonbank banks are financial institutions with limited charters that can make commercial loans or take deposits, but not both. 

2 Asset size threshold indexed to equal $250 million in 1985 and $1.39 billion in 2016. 

3 Maximum number of offices indexed to equal 40 in 1985 and 87 in 2016. 

4 Maximum branch deposit size indexed to equal $1.25 billion in 1985 and $6.97 billion in 2016. 

36 
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2023 VOLUME 17, NUMBER 1 

by the FDIC through the DIF are not included in the FDIC Quarterly Banking 

Profile. U.S. branches of institutions headquartered in foreign countries and 

non-deposit trust companies are not included unless otherwise indicated. 

Efforts are made to obtain financial reports for all active institutions. However, 

in some cases, final financial reports are not available for institutions that have 

closed or converted their charters. 

DATA SOURCES The financial information appearing in this publication is obtained primarily 

from the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council (FFIEC) 

Consolidated Reports of Condition and Income (Call Reports) and the OTS Thrift 

Financial Reports (TFR) submitted by all FDIC-insured depository institutions. 

(TFR filers began filing Call Reports effective with the quarter ending March 

31, 2012.) This information is stored on and retrieved from the FDIC’s Research 

Information System (RIS) database. 

COMPUTATION METHODOLOGY Parent institutions are required to file consolidated reports, while their 

subsidiary financial institutions are still required to file separate reports. 

Data from subsidiary institution reports are included in the Quarterly Banking 

Profile tables, which can lead to double-counting. No adjustments are made for 

any double-counting of subsidiary data. Additionally, certain adjustments are 

made to the OTS Thrift Financial Reports to provide closer conformance with the 

reporting and accounting requirements of the FFIEC Call Reports. (TFR filers 

began filing Call Reports effective with the quarter ending March 31, 2012.) 

All condition and performance ratios represent weighted averages, which is 

the sum of the individual numerator values divided by the sum of individual 

denominator values. All asset and liability figures used in calculating 

performance ratios represent average amounts for the period (beginning-ofperiod amount plus end-of-period amount plus any interim periods, divided 

by the total number of periods). For “pooling-of-interest” mergers, the assets 

of the acquired institution(s) are included in average assets, since the yearto-date income includes the results of all merged institutions. No adjustments 

are made for “purchase accounting” mergers. Growth rates represent the 

percentage change over a 12-month period in totals for institutions in the 

base period to totals for institutions in the current period. For the community 

bank subgroup, growth rates will reflect changes over time in the number and 

identities of institutions designated as community banks, as well as changes 

in the assets and liabilities, and income and expenses of group members. 

Unless indicated otherwise, growth rates are not adjusted for mergers or 

other changes in the composition of the community bank subgroup. When 

community bank growth rates are adjusted for mergers, prior period balances 

used in the calculations represent totals for the current group of community 

bank reporters, plus prior period amounts for any institutions that were 

subsequently merged into current community banks. 

All data are collected and presented based on the location of each reporting 

institution’s main office. Reported data may include assets and liabilities 

located outside of the reporting institution’s home state. In addition, 

institutions may relocate across state lines or change their charters, resulting 

in an inter-regional or inter-industry migration; institutions can move their 

home offices between regions, savings institutions can convert to commercial 

banks, or commercial banks may convert to savings institutions. 

37 
QUARTERLY 2023 VOLUME 17, NUMBER 1 

ACCOUNTING CHANGES Financial accounting pronouncements by the Financial Accounting Standards 

Board (FASB) can result in changes in an individual bank’s accounting policies 

and in the Call Reports they submit. Such accounting changes can affect the 

aggregate amounts presented in the QBP for the current period and the periodto-period comparability of such financial data. 

The current quarter’s Financial Institution Letter (FIL) and related Call Report 

supplemental instructions can provide additional explanation to the QBP reader 

beyond any material accounting changes discussed in the QBP analysis. 

https://www.fdic.gov/news/financial-institution-letters/2022/fil22054.html 

https://www.fdic.gov/resources/bankers/call-reports/index.html 

Further information on changes in financial statement presentation, income 

recognition and disclosure is available from the FASB. 

https://www.fasb.org/page/index?pageId=standards/index.html 

DEFINITIONS 

(IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER) 

All other assets – total cash, balances due from depository institutions, 

premises, fixed assets, direct investments in real estate, investment in 

unconsolidated subsidiaries, customers’ liability on acceptances outstanding, 

assets held in trading accounts, federal funds sold, securities purchased 

with agreements to resell, fair market value of derivatives, prepaid deposit 

insurance assessments, and other assets. 

All other liabilities – bank’s liability on acceptances, limited-life preferred 

stock, allowance for estimated off-balance-sheet credit losses, fair market 

value of derivatives, and other liabilities. 

Assessment base – effective April 1, 2011, the deposit insurance assessment 

base changed to “average consolidated total assets minus average tangible 

equity” with an additional adjustment to the assessment base for banker’s 

banks and custodial banks, as permitted under Dodd-Frank. Previously the 

assessment base was “assessable deposits” and consisted of deposits in banks’ 

domestic offices with certain adjustments. 

Assessment rate schedule – Initial base assessment rates for small institutions 

(except new institutions) are based on a combination of financial ratios and 

CAMELS component ratings. Initial rates for large institutions—generally 

those with at least $10 billion in assets—are also based on CAMELS component 

ratings and certain financial measures combined into two scorecards—one for 

most large institutions and another for the remaining very large institutions 

that are structurally and operationally complex or that pose unique challenges 

and risks in case of failure (highly complex institutions). The FDIC may take 

additional information into account to make a limited adjustment to a large 

institution’s scorecard results, which are used to determine a large institution’s 

initial base assessment rate. 

Initial rates for small institutions are subject to minimums and maximums 

based on an institution’s CAMELS composite rating. 

The current assessment rate schedule became effective January 1, 2023. Under 

the current schedule, initial base assessment rates range from 5 to 32 basis 

points. An institution’s total base assessment rate may differ from its initial 

rate due to three possible adjustments: (1) Unsecured Debt Adjustment: An 

institution’s rate may decrease by up to 5 basis points for unsecured debt. 

The unsecured debt adjustment cannot exceed the lesser of 5 basis points or 

38 
QUARTERLY 2023 VOLUME 17, NUMBER 1 

50 percent of an institution’s initial base assessment rate (IBAR). Thus, for 

example, an institution with an IBAR of 5 basis points would have a maximum 

unsecured debt adjustment of 2.5 basis points and could not have a total base 

assessment rate lower than 2.5 basis points. (2) Depository Institution Debt 

Adjustment: For institutions that hold long-term unsecured debt issued by 

another insured depository institution, a 50 basis point charge is applied to the 

amount of such debt held in excess of 3 percent of an institution’s Tier 1 capital. 

(3) Brokered Deposit Adjustment: Rates for large institutions that are not well 

capitalized or do not have a composite CAMELS rating of 1 or 2 may increase 

(not to exceed 10 basis points) if their brokered deposits exceed 10 percent of 

domestic deposits. 

The assessment rate schedule effective January 1, 2023, is shown in the 

following table: 

Total Base Assessment Rates* 

Established Small Banks Large and 

Highly Complex 

Institutions 

CAMELS Composite 

1 or 2 3 4 or 5 

Initial Base Assessment Rate 5 to 18 8 to 32 18 to 32 5 to 32 

Unsecured Debt Adjustment -5 to 0 -5 to 0 -5 to 0 -5 to 0 

Brokered Deposit Adjustment N/A N/A N/A 0 to 10 

Total Base Assessment Rate 2.5 to 18 4 to 32 13 to 32 2.5 to 42 

* All amounts for all categories are in basis points annually. Total base rates that are not the minimum or 

maximum rate will vary between these rates. Total base assessment rates do not include the depository 

institution debt adjustment. 

Each institution is assigned a risk-based rate for a quarterly assessment 

period near the end of the quarter following the assessment period. Payment 

is generally due on the 30th day of the last month of the quarter following the 

assessment period. Supervisory rating changes are effective for assessment 

purposes as of the examination transmittal date. 

Assets securitized and sold – total outstanding principal balance of assets 

securitized and sold with servicing retained or other seller-provided credit 

enhancements. 

Capital Purchase Program (CPP) – as announced in October 2008 under the 

TARP, the Treasury Department purchase of noncumulative perpetual preferred 

stock and related warrants that is treated as Tier 1 capital for regulatory capital 

purposes is included in “Total equity capital.” Such warrants to purchase 

common stock or noncumulative preferred stock issued by publicly-traded 

banks are reflected as well in “Surplus.” Warrants to purchase common stock or 

noncumulative preferred stock of not-publicly-traded bank stock are classified 

in a bank’s balance sheet as “Other liabilities.” 

Common equity Tier 1 capital ratio – ratio of common equity Tier 1 capital 

to risk-weighted assets. Common equity Tier 1 capital includes common 

stock instruments and related surplus, retained earnings, accumulated other 

comprehensive income (AOCI), and limited amounts of common equity Tier 1 

minority interest, minus applicable regulatory adjustments and deductions. 

Items that are fully deducted from common equity Tier 1 capital include 

goodwill, other intangible assets (excluding mortgage servicing assets) and 

certain deferred tax assets; items that are subject to limits in common equity 

Tier 1 capital include mortgage servicing assets, eligible deferred tax assets, 

39 
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2023 VOLUME 17, NUMBER 1 

and certain significant investments. Beginning March 2020, this ratio does not 

include institutions that have a Community Bank Leverage Ratio election in 

effect at the report date. 

Construction and development loans – includes loans for all property types 

under construction, as well as loans for land acquisition and development. 

Core capital – common equity capital plus noncumulative perpetual preferred 

stock plus minority interest in consolidated subsidiaries, less goodwill and 

other ineligible intangible assets. The amount of eligible intangibles (including 

servicing rights) included in core capital is limited in accordance with 

supervisory capital regulations. 

Cost of funding earning assets – total interest expense paid on deposits and 

other borrowed money as a percentage of average earning assets. 

Credit enhancements – techniques whereby a company attempts to reduce 

the credit risk of its obligations. Credit enhancement may be provided by a 

third party (external credit enhancement) or by the originator (internal credit 

enhancement), and more than one type of enhancement may be associated with 

a given issuance. 

Deposit Insurance Fund (DIF) – the Bank (BIF) and Savings Association (SAIF) 

Insurance Funds were merged in 2006 by the Federal Deposit Insurance Reform 

Act to form the DIF. 

Derivatives notional amount – the notional, or contractual, amounts of 

derivatives represent the level of involvement in the types of derivatives 

transactions and are not a quantification of market risk or credit risk. Notional 

amounts represent the amounts used to calculate contractual cash flows to be 

exchanged. 

Derivatives credit equivalent amount – the fair value of the derivative plus an 

additional amount for potential future credit exposure based on the notional 

amount, the remaining maturity and type of the contract. 

Derivatives transaction types: 

Futures and forward contracts – contracts in which the buyer agrees to 

purchase and the seller agrees to sell, at a specified future date, a specific 

quantity of an underlying variable or index at a specified price or yield. These 

contracts exist for a variety of variables or indices, (traditional agricultural 

or physical commodities, as well as currencies and interest rates). Futures 

contracts are standardized and are traded on organized exchanges which 

set limits on counterparty credit exposure. Forward contracts do not have 

standardized terms and are traded over the counter. 

Option contracts – contracts in which the buyer acquires the right to buy 

from or sell to another party some specified amount of an underlying 

variable or index at a stated price (strike price) during a period or on a 

specified future date, in return for compensation (such as a fee or premium). 

The seller is obligated to purchase or sell the variable or index at the 

discretion of the buyer of the contract. 

Swaps – obligations between two parties to exchange a series of cash flows 

at periodic intervals (settlement dates), for a specified period. The cash 

flows of a swap are either fixed, or determined for each settlement date by 

multiplying the quantity (notional principal) of the underlying variable or 

index by specified reference rates or prices. Except for currency swaps, the 

notional principal is used to calculate each payment but is not exchanged. 

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Derivatives underlying risk exposure – the potential exposure characterized 

by the level of banks’ concentration in particular underlying instruments, in 

general. Exposure can result from market risk, credit risk, and operational risk, 

as well as, interest rate risk. 

Domestic deposits to total assets – total domestic office deposits as a percent 

of total assets on a consolidated basis. 

Earning assets – all loans and other investments that earn interest or dividend 

income. 

Efficiency ratio – Noninterest expense less amortization of intangible assets as 

a percent of net interest income plus noninterest income. This ratio measures 

the proportion of net operating revenues that are absorbed by overhead 

expenses, so that a lower value indicates greater efficiency. 

Estimated insured deposits – in general, insured deposits are total domestic 

deposits minus estimated uninsured deposits. Beginning March 31, 2008, for 

institutions that file Call Reports, insured deposits are total assessable deposits 

minus estimated uninsured deposits. Beginning September 30, 2009, insured 

deposits include deposits in accounts of $100,000 to $250,000 that are covered 

by a temporary increase in the FDIC’s standard maximum deposit insurance 

amount (SMDIA). The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection 

Act enacted on July 21, 2010, made permanent the standard maximum deposit 

insurance amount (SMDIA) of $250,000. Also, the Dodd-Frank Act amended 

the Federal Deposit Insurance Act to include noninterest-bearing transaction 

accounts as a new temporary deposit insurance account category. All funds held 

in noninterest-bearing transaction accounts were fully insured, without limit, 

from December 31, 2010, through December 31, 2012. 

Failed/assisted institutions – an institution fails when regulators take 

control of the institution, placing the assets and liabilities into a bridge bank, 

conservatorship, receivership, or another healthy institution. This action may 

require the FDIC to provide funds to cover losses. An institution is defined as 

“assisted” when the institution remains open and receives assistance in order 

to continue operating. 

Fair Value – the valuation of various assets and liabilities on the balance 

sheet—including trading assets and liabilities, available-for-sale securities, 

loans held for sale, assets and liabilities accounted for under the fair value 

option, and foreclosed assets—involves the use of fair values. During periods of 

market stress, the fair values of some financial instruments and nonfinancial 

assets may decline. 

FHLB advances – all borrowings by FDIC-insured institutions from the Federal 

Home Loan Bank System (FHLB), as reported by Call Report filers, and by TFR 

filers prior to March 31, 2012. 

Goodwill and other intangibles – intangible assets include servicing rights, 

purchased credit card relationships, and other identifiable intangible assets. 

Goodwill is the excess of the purchase price over the fair market value of the 

net assets acquired, less subsequent impairment adjustments. Other intangible 

assets are recorded at fair value, less subsequent quarterly amortization and 

impairment adjustments. 

Loans secured by real estate – includes home equity loans, junior liens secured 

by 1-4 family residential properties, and all other loans secured by real estate. 

Loans to individuals – includes outstanding credit card balances and other 

secured and unsecured consumer loans. 

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Long-term assets (5+ years) – loans and debt securities with remaining 

maturities or repricing intervals of over five years. 

Maximum credit exposure – the maximum contractual credit exposure 

remaining under recourse arrangements and other seller-provided credit 

enhancements provided by the reporting bank to securitizations. 

Mortgage-backed securities – certificates of participation in pools of 

residential mortgages and collateralized mortgage obligations issued or 

guaranteed by government-sponsored or private enterprises. Also, see 

“Securities,” below. 

Net charge-offs – total loans and leases charged off (removed from balance 

sheet because of uncollectability), less amounts recovered on loans and leases 

previously charged off. 

Net interest margin – the difference between interest and dividends earned 

on interest-bearing assets and interest paid to depositors and other creditors, 

expressed as a percentage of average earning assets. No adjustments are made 

for interest income that is tax exempt. 

Net loans to total assets – loans and lease financing receivables, net of 

unearned income, allowance and reserves, as a percent of total assets on a 

consolidated basis. 

Net operating income – income excluding discretionary transactions such as 

gains (or losses) on the sale of investment securities and extraordinary items. 

Income taxes subtracted from operating income have been adjusted to exclude 

the portion applicable to securities gains (or losses). 

Noncurrent assets – the sum of loans, leases, debt securities, and other assets 

that are 90 days or more past due, or in nonaccrual status. 

Noncurrent loans & leases – the sum of loans and leases 90 days or more past 

due, and loans and leases in nonaccrual status. 

Number of institutions reporting – the number of institutions that actually 

filed a financial report. 

New reporters – insured institutions filing quarterly financial reports for the 

first time. 

Other borrowed funds – federal funds purchased, securities sold with 

agreements to repurchase, demand notes issued to the U.S. Treasury, FHLB 

advances, other borrowed money, mortgage indebtedness, obligations under 

capitalized leases and trading liabilities, less revaluation losses on assets held 

in trading accounts. 

Other real estate owned – primarily foreclosed property. Direct and indirect 

investments in real estate ventures are excluded. The amount is reflected net 

of valuation allowances. For institutions that filed a Thrift Financial Report 

(TFR), the valuation allowance subtracted also includes allowances for other 

repossessed assets. Also, for TFR filers the components of other real estate 

owned are reported gross of valuation allowances. (TFR filers began filing Call 

Reports effective with the quarter ending March 31, 2012.) 

Percent of institutions with earnings gains – the percent of institutions that 

increased their net income (or decreased their losses) compared to the same 

period a year earlier. 

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“Problem” institutions – federal regulators assign a composite rating to each 

financial institution, based upon an evaluation of financial and operational 

criteria. The rating is based on a scale of 1 to 5 in ascending order of supervisory 

concern. “Problem” institutions are those institutions with financial, 

operational, or managerial weaknesses that threaten their continued financial 

viability. Depending upon the degree of risk and supervisory concern, they are 

rated either a “4” or “5.” The number and assets of “problem” institutions are 

based on FDIC composite ratings. Prior to March 31, 2008, for institutions whose 

primary federal regulator was the OTS, the OTS composite rating was used. 

Recourse – an arrangement in which a bank retains, in form or in substance, 

any credit risk directly or indirectly associated with an asset it has sold (in 

accordance with generally accepted accounting principles) that exceeds a pro 

rata share of the bank’s claim on the asset. If a bank has no claim on an asset it 

has sold, then the retention of any credit risk is recourse. 

Reserves for losses – the allowance for loan and lease losses on a consolidated 

basis. 

Restructured loans and leases – loan and lease financing receivables with 

terms restructured from the original contract. Excludes restructured loans and 

leases that are not in compliance with the modified terms. 

Retained earnings – net income less cash dividends on common and preferred 

stock for the reporting period. 

Return on assets – bank net income (including gains or losses on securities and 

extraordinary items) as a percentage of average total (consolidated) assets. The 

basic yardstick of bank profitability. 

Return on equity – bank net income (including gains or losses on securities and 

extraordinary items) as a percentage of average total equity capital. 

Risk-weighted assets – assets adjusted for risk-based capital definitions which 

include on-balance-sheet as well as off-balance-sheet items multiplied by 

risk-weights that range from zero to 200 percent. A conversion factor is used 

to assign a balance sheet equivalent amount for selected off-balance-sheet 

accounts. 

Securities – excludes securities held in trading accounts. Banks’ securities 

portfolios consist of securities designated as “held-to-maturity” (reported 

at amortized cost (book value)), securities designated as “available-forsale” (reported at fair (market) value), and equity securities with readily 

determinable fair values not held for trading. 

Securities gains (losses) – realized gains (losses) on held-to-maturity and 

available-for-sale securities, before adjustments for income taxes. Thrift 

Financial Report (TFR) filers also include gains (losses) on the sales of assets 

held for sale. (TFR filers began filing Call Reports effective with the quarter 

ending March 31, 2012.) 

Seller’s interest in institution’s own securitizations – the reporting bank’s 

ownership interest in loans and other assets that have been securitized, 

except an interest that is a form of recourse or other seller-provided credit 

enhancement. Seller’s interests differ from the securities issued to investors 

by the securitization structure. The principal amount of a seller’s interest is 

generally equal to the total principal amount of the pool of assets included 

in the securitization structure less the principal amount of those assets 

attributable to investors, i.e., in the form of securities issued to investors. 

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Small Business Lending Fund – The Small Business Lending Fund (SBLF) was 

enacted into law in September 2010 as part of the Small Business Jobs Act of 

2010 to encourage lending to small businesses by providing capital to qualified 

community institutions with assets of less than $10 billion. The SBLF Program 

is administered by the U.S. Treasury Department (https://home.treasury.gov/ 

policy-issues/small-business-programs/small-business-lending-fund). 

Under the SBLF Program, the Treasury Department purchased noncumulative 

perpetual preferred stock from qualifying depository institutions and holding 

companies (other than Subchapter S and mutual institutions). When this stock 

has been issued by a depository institution, it is reported as “Perpetual preferred 

stock and related surplus.” For regulatory capital purposes, this noncumulative 

perpetual preferred stock qualifies as a component of Tier 1 capital. Qualifying 

Subchapter S corporations and mutual institutions issue unsecured subordinated 

debentures to the Treasury Department through the SBLF. Depository 

institutions that issued these debentures report them as “Subordinated notes 

and debentures.” For regulatory capital purposes, the debentures are eligible 

for inclusion in an institution’s Tier 2 capital in accordance with their primary 

federal regulator’s capital standards. To participate in the SBLF Program, an 

institution with outstanding securities issued to the Treasury Department under 

the Capital Purchase Program (CPP) was required to refinance or repay in full 

the CPP securities at the time of the SBLF funding. Any outstanding warrants 

that an institution issued to the Treasury Department under the CPP remain 

outstanding after the refinancing of the CPP stock through the SBLF Program 

unless the institution chooses to repurchase them. 

Subchapter S corporation – a Subchapter S corporation is treated as a passthrough entity, similar to a partnership, for federal income tax purposes. It is 

generally not subject to any federal income taxes at the corporate level. This 

can have the effect of reducing institutions’ reported taxes and increasing their 

after-tax earnings. 

Trust assets – market value, or other reasonably available value of fiduciary 

and related assets, to include marketable securities, and other financial and 

physical assets. Common physical assets held in fiduciary accounts include real 

estate, equipment, collectibles, and household goods. Such fiduciary assets are 

not included in the assets of the financial institution. 

Unearned income and contra accounts – unearned income for Call Report 

filers only. 

Unused loan commitments – includes credit card lines, home equity lines, 

commitments to make loans for construction, loans secured by commercial 

real estate, and unused commitments to originate or purchase loans. (Excluded 

are commitments after June 2003 for originated mortgage loans held for sale, 

which are accounted for as derivatives on the balance sheet.) 

Yield on earning assets – total interest, dividend, and fee income earned on 

loans and investments as a percentage of average earning assets. 

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