2022 VOLUME 16 NUMBER 3 

FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION QUARTERLY

SECOND QUARTER 

Quarterly Banking Profile 1 

Community Bank Performance in Manufacturing-Concentrated States 45 
QUARTERLY 2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

The FDIC Quarterly is published by the Division of Insurance and Research of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation 

and contains a comprehensive summary of the most current financial results for the banking industry. Feature articles 

appearing in the FDIC Quarterly range from timely analysis of economic and banking trends at the national and regional 

level that may affect the risk exposure of FDIC-insured institutions to research on issues affecting the banking system and 

the development of regulatory policy. 

Single copy subscriptions of the FDIC Quarterly can be obtained through the FDIC Public Information Center, 3501 Fairfax 

Drive, Room E-1002, Arlington, VA 22226. E-mail requests should be sent to publicinfo@fdic.gov. Change of address 

information also should be submitted to the Public Information Center. 

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Chairman (Acting) Editors 

Martin J. Gruenberg Clayton Boyce 

Director, Division of Insurance and Research 

Kathy Zeidler 

Patrick Mitchell Publication Manager 

Executive Editors 

Lynne Montgomery 

George French Media Inquiries 

Shayna M. Olesiuk (202) 898-6993 

Managing Editors 

John M. Anderlik 

Rosalind Bennett 

Alan Deaton 
QUARTERLY 2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

QUARTERLY BANKING PROFILE: 

SECOND QUARTER 2022 

FDIC-insured institutions reported aggregate net income of $64.4 billion in 

second quarter 2022, a decline of $6.0 billion (8.5 percent) from the year-ago 

quarter. An increase in provision expense drove the annual reduction in net 

income. More than half of all banks (51.5 percent) reported an annual decline in 

quarterly net income. However, net income rose $4.6 billion (7.8 percent) from 

first quarter 2022 as growth in net interest income exceeded growth in provision 

expense. The banking industry reported an aggregate return on average assets 

ratio of 1.08 percent, down 16 basis points from second quarter 2021 but up 7 basis 

points from first quarter 2022.  See page 1. 

COMMUNITY BANK PERFORMANCE Community banks—which represent 91 percent of insured institutions— 

reported net income of $7.6 billion in second quarter 2022, down $523.0 million 

(6.5 percent) from a year ago. Higher noninterest expense, lower noninterest 

income, losses on the sale of securities, and higher provision expense offset 

growth in net interest income. The community bank pretax return on average 

assets ratio decreased 20 basis points from one year ago but rose 9 basis points 

from one quarter ago to 1.34 percent. See page 19. 

INSURANCE FUND INDICATORS The Deposit Insurance Fund (DIF) balance increased by $1.4 billion to 

$124.5 billion after declining in the first quarter. Assessment revenue of 

$2.1  billion was the largest source of income. Interest earned on investments, 

negative provisions for insurance losses, and other miscellaneous income 

also added to the fund balance. Operating expenses and unrealized losses on 

available-for-sale securities partially offset the increase in fund balance. The 

DIF reserve ratio was 1.26 percent on June 30, 2022, 3 basis points higher than the 

previous quarter and 1 basis point lower than the previous year. See page 31. 

Featured Article 

COMMUNITY BANK PERFORMANCE IN MANUFACTURING-CONCENTRATED STATES 

The manufacturing industry in the United States has undergone fundamental 

changes in recent decades. The changes are important for the communities that 

rely on manufacturing firms for employment and local economic growth and for 

the banks that offer financial services in communities where manufacturing firms 

have an important presence. This article highlights areas in the United States 

where manufacturing is most concentrated, discusses some of the long-term 

trends in manufacturing, and analyzes the performance of community banks in 

manufacturing-concentrated areas relative to community banks more broadly. 

The transition to advanced manufacturing has contributed to output growth even 

as manufacturing employment has fallen in recent decades. Community banks in 

manufacturing-concentrated states have provided more commercial loans than 

other community banks, reported higher net interest margins, and exhibited more 

cyclical sensitivity to economic downturns. While the manufacturing industry 

was negatively affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, the industry recovered much 

more quickly than in previous recessions, potentially brightening the outlook for 

community banks that support those businesses. See page 45. 

The views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect official positions of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. Some of the information used in the 

preparation of this publication was obtained from publicly available sources that are considered reliable. However, the use of this information does not constitute an endorsement of 

its accuracy by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. Articles may be reprinted or abstracted if the publication and author(s) are credited. Please provide the FDIC’s Division of 

Insurance and Research with a copy of any publications containing reprinted material. 

i 
PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BL ANK 
QUARTERLY 2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

INSURED INSTITUTION PERFORMANCE 

Net Income Declined Year Over Year, but Increased Quarter Over Quarter 

Net Interest Margin Widened 

Loan Growth Was Broad Based 

Credit Quality Remained Favorable Despite Growth in Early-Stage Delinquencies 

Total Deposits Declined for the First Time Since Second Quarter 2018 

NET INCOME DECLINED FROM 

A YEAR AGO 

Quarterly net income totaled $64.4 billion in second quarter 2022, a 

reduction of $6.0 billion (8.5 percent) from the same quarter a year ago. 

An increase in provision expense (up $21.9 billion) drove the year-overyear decline in net income. More than half of all banks (51.8 percent) 

reported an annual reduction in quarterly net income. 

Despite the year-over-year decline, net income rose $4.6 billion 

(7.8 percent) from first quarter 2022, as growth in net interest income 

exceeded growth in provision expense. The percentage of institutions 

reporting quarterly losses fell 68 basis points to 4.9 percent in second 

quarter 2022. 

The banking industry reported an aggregate return on average assets 

(ROAA) ratio of 1.08 percent, down 16 basis points from the ROAA 

ratio reported in second quarter 2021 but up 8 basis points from first 

quarter 2022. 

Chart 1 Chart 2 

Quarterly Net Income Quarterly Net Interest Margin 

All FDIC-Insured Institutions All FDIC-Insured Institutions

Realized Securities Gains/Losses, Net Assets > $250 Billion Assets $100 Million - $1 Billion $ Billions 

80 

60 

40 

20 

0 

-20 

-40 

Assets $10 Billion - $250 Billion Assets < $100 Million Net Operating Income Percent Assets $1 Billion - $10 Billion 

5.0 

4.5 

4.0 

3.5 

3.0 

2.5 

2.0 

1.5 

1.0 

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Source: FDIC. Source: FDIC. 

1 
QUARTERLY 

 

2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

THE LARGEST BANKS CONTINUED 

TO DRIVE THE INCREASE IN 

PROVISION EXPENSE 

Provision expense increased to positive $11.1 billion from negative 

$10.8 billion in the year-ago quarter and $5.2 billion last quarter.1 

Banks in the two largest Quarterly Banking Profile (QBP) asset size 

groups (“Assets Greater than $250 Billion” and “Assets Between 

$10 Billion and $250 Billion”) continued to drive the increase in 

provision expense year over year. Despite the aggregate increase in 

provisions, only one-third of all institutions (33.0 percent) reported 

higher provisions compared with the year-ago quarter. The rest of 

the banking industry reported either a year-over-year decline or no 

change in provision expense. 

The net number of banks reporting adoption of current expected credit 

loss (CECL) accounting increased by 14 from first quarter 2022 to 332.2.2 

CECL adopters reported aggregate provisions of $10.1 billion in second 

quarter, $5.5 billion more than first quarter 2022 and $21.5 billion more 

than one year ago. Provision expense for banks that have not adopted 

CECL accounting totaled $1.0 billion (up $373.3 million from a quarter 

ago and up $384.6 million from one year ago). 

NET INTEREST MARGIN WIDENED The net interest margin (NIM) increased 26 basis points from a quarter 

ago and 29 basis points from the year-ago quarter to 2.80 percent. The 

year-over-year growth was the largest reported increase in quarterly 

NIM since second quarter 2010. Despite this improvement, the NIM 

remains below the pre-pandemic average of 3.25 percent.3 

Chart 3 Chart 4 

Change in Quarterly Loan-Loss Provisions 

All FDIC-Insured Institutions 

Quarterly Change in Loan Balances 

All FDIC-Insured Institutions 

Quarter-Over-Quarter Change Quarterly Change (Le ̃ Axis) Percent $ Billions ($ Billions) 12-Month Growth Rate (Right Axis) 15 500 50 

40 400 10 

30 300 

20 200 5

10 100 

0 

0

0 

-10 

-100 -5 -20 

-200 -30 -10 -300 

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 -40 

-50 Source: FDIC. 

Note: ASC Topics 810 and 860 resulted in the consolidation of large amounts of securitized loan balances -60 back onto banks’ balance sheets in the first quarter of 2010. Although the total amount consolidated cannot 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 be precisely quantified, the industry would have reported a decline in loan balances for the quarter absent

Source: FDIC. this change in accounting standards. 

1 Provisions for credit losses include both losses for loans and securities for CECL adopters but only loan losses for non-adopters. 

2 Changes to the number of CECL accounting adopters may result from closures, mergers and acquisitions, or examination or audit findings. 

3 “Pre-pandemic average” refers to the period including first quarter 2015 through fourth quarter 2019 and is used consistently throughout this document. 

2 
QUARTERLY 2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

The average yield on earning assets increased 36 basis points from 

first quarter 2022 to 3.05 percent due to strong loan growth and rising 

market interest rates. Average funding costs increased 10 basis points 

from first quarter 2022 to 0.26 percent. Despite the increase, funding 

costs remain well below the pre-pandemic average of 0.58 percent. 

NET OPERATING REVENUE ROSE 

6.2 PERCENT DRIVEN BY STRONG 

NET INTEREST INCOME GROWTH 

Net operating revenue (net interest income plus noninterest income) 

rose 6.2 percent to $228.0 billion in second quarter 2022 due to strong 

net interest income growth (up $13.1 billion, or 9.5 percent) and an 

uptick in noninterest income (up $230.2 million, or 0.3 percent). 

Interest income grew $18.5 billion (12.6 percent) from first quarter 2022 

and offset a $5.4 billion (63.7 percent) increase in interest expense. 

From the year-ago quarter, net operating revenue rose $23.0 billion 

(11.2 percent) as net interest income grew $21.9 billion (16.9 percent) 

and noninterest income grew $1.1 billion (1.5 percent). Most banks 

(65.5 percent) reported an increase in interest income from the yearago quarter. Similarly, most banks (74.1 percent) reported a decline in 

interest expense from the year-ago quarter. 

Chart 5 Chart 6 

Quarterly Change in Deposits Noncurrent Loan Rate and Quarterly Net Charge-O
 Rate 

All FDIC-Insured Institutions All FDIC-Insured Institutions 

$ Billions 

-400 

-200 

0 

200 

400 

600 

800 

1,000 

1,200 

1,400 

Percent 

Quarterly Net Charge-O ̃ Rate 

Noncurrent Rate 

0 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 

Source: FDIC. Source: FDIC. 

3 
QUARTERLY 2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

GROWTH IN NONINTEREST 

EXPENSE OUTPACED AVERAGE 

ASSET GROWTH 

Noninterest expense rose $8.7 billion (6.9 percent) year over year, 

slightly outpacing average asset growth of 5.1 percent. As a result, 

noninterest expense to average assets increased slightly (up 4 basis 

points) from the year-ago quarter to 2.27 percent, but remained well 

below the pre-pandemic average of 2.61 percent. An increase in data 

processing and marketing costs as well as an increase in compensation 

expense drove the growth in noninterest expense from the year-ago 

quarter.4 Most banks (71.2 percent) reported an increase in noninterest 

expense from the year-ago quarter. 

Although the industry reported an aggregate increase in noninterest 

expense, the efficiency ratio (noninterest expense to net operating 

revenue) declined 2.31 percentage points from the year-ago quarter 

to 58.7 percent, led by strong growth in net interest income. The 

efficiency ratio fell for all except the two smallest QBP asset size 

groups (“Assets $100 Million to $1 Billion” and “Assets Less than 

$100 Million”). 

REDUCTION IN NONCURRENT All QBP asset size groups reported higher coverage ratios from the 

LOANS LIFTED THE COVERAGE year-ago quarter, as declines in noncurrent loan balances outpaced 

RATIO FOR ALL QBP ASSET moderate reductions in allowance levels. The aggregate coverage 

SIZE GROUPS ratio increased 26 percentage points from the year-ago quarter to 

203.6 percent.5 

Chart 7 Chart 8 

Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Investment Securities Number and Assets of Banks on the “Problem Bank List” 

All FDIC-Insured Institutions All FDIC-Insured Institutions 

Held-to-Maturity Securities Assets of Problem Banks (Right Axis) Assets $ Billions Number ($ Billions) Available-for-Sale Securities Number of Problem Banks (Le ̃ Axis) 

-500 

-450 

-400 

-350 

-300 

-250 

-200 

-150 

-100 

-50 

0 

50 

100 

150 

0 

100 

200 

300 

400 

500 

600 

700 

800 

900 

1,000 

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 

0 

50 

100 

150 

200 

250 

300 

350 

400 

450 

500 

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Source: FDIC. 

Source: FDIC. Note: The asset values of insured financial institutions on the problem bank list are what were on record 

Note: Insured Call Report filers only. as of the last day of the quarter. 

4 Data processing and marketing costs are part of the “All other noninterest expense” category, which includes, but is not limited to, automated teller machine and interchange 

expenses, legal fees, advertising and marketing expenses, consulting expenses, data processing expenses, and FDIC deposit insurance assessments. An increase in the “All 

other noninterest expense” category drove the increase in noninterest expense from the year-ago quarter. Higher marketing and data processing expenses drove the increase 

in “all other noninterest expense” for banks that completed schedule RI-E of the Call Report in second quarter 2022. 

5 The coverage ratio is the ratio of the allowance for credit losses to the total of loans that are 90 days or more past due plus the total of loans in nonaccrual status. 

4 
QUARTERLY 2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

Although the coverage ratio increased, the ratio of the allowance 

for credit losses (ACL) to total loans declined 28 basis points to 

1.52 percent from the year-ago quarter, primarily due to strong loan 

growth. However, the ACL to total loans ratio remains higher than the 

pre-pandemic average of 1.29 percent. 

BANKING INDUSTRY ASSETS 

DECLINED FROM THE PREVIOUS 

QUARTER 

Total assets declined $255.1 billion (1.1 percent) from first quarter 

2022 to $23.7 trillion. While total loan and lease balances increased 

$414.9 billion (3.7 percent) from first quarter 2022, cash and balances 

due from depository institutions declined $554.0 billion (16.4 percent) 

and securities declined $111.9 billion (1.8 percent). A reduction in 

mortgage-backed securities (down $140.3 billion, or 4.0 percent) offset 

an increase in U.S. Treasury securities (up $28.9 billion, or 2.0 percent). 

The proportion of securities to total assets declined slightly to 

25.9 percent from the highest level on QBP record of 26.3 percent 

reported in fourth quarter 2021. 

LOAN AND LEASE BALANCES 

INCREASED FROM THE PREVIOUS 

QUARTER AND A YEAR AGO 

Quarterly loan growth was broad based. Growth in loans secured by 

1–4 family real estate mortgages (up $94.7 billion, or 4.2 percent), 

commercial and industrial (C&I) loans (up $92.3 billion, or 3.9 percent), 

and consumer loans (up $79.3 billion, or 4.2 percent) led the increase in 

loan and lease balances from first quarter 2022. 

Annually, total loan and lease balances increased $913.6 billion 

(8.4 percent). Year-over-year growth was broad based and was driven 

by consumer loans (up $204.3 billion, or 11.6 percent), loans secured by 

1–4 family real estate mortgages (up $187.1 billion, or 8.6 percent), and 

“all other loans” (up $162.7 billion, or 13.7 percent). C&I loan growth 

(up $151.8 billion, or 6.5 percent) was tempered by Paycheck Protection 

Program (PPP) loan forgiveness and repayment. Excluding PPP loans, 

total loan growth would have been 11.5 percent and C&I loan growth 

would have been 22.4 percent from the year-ago quarter. 

Total unused loan commitments increased $540.3 billion from the 

year-ago quarter to $9.5 trillion. Unused commitments to extend credit 

card loans (up $220.7 billion, or 5.5 percent) increased most. More 

than half of banks (57.5 percent) reported an increase in unused loan 

commitments from the year-ago quarter. 

5 
QUARTERLY 2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

DEPOSITS DECLINED MODERATELY 

FOR THE FIRST TIME IN 

FOUR YEARS 

Deposits declined $369.1 billion (1.9 percent) between first quarter 2022 

and second quarter 2022. This was the first decline in deposits since 

second quarter 2018. Both uninsured and insured deposits declined 

during the quarter, but the reduction in uninsured deposits drove the 

reduction. The quarterly reduction in deposits offset only a fraction 

of the unprecedented deposit growth reported during the pandemic. 

As of second quarter 2022, deposits represented 82.5 percent of total 

assets, well above the pre-pandemic average of 76.7 percent. A decline 

in deposit accounts with balances greater than $250,000 (down 

$282.2 billion, or 2.6 percent) led the quarterly reduction. Despite the 

decline in aggregate deposits, just over half of all banks (51.2 percent) 

reported higher deposit balances compared with a quarter ago. 

EARLY-STAGE DELINQUENCIES 

ROSE FROM A YEAR AGO 

Loans and leases that are 30-89 days past due (past-due loan balances) 

increased from the year-ago quarter (up $11.4 billion, or 25.0 percent). 

Past-due consumer loans drove the increase from the year-ago quarter. 

The increase in past-due loan balances lifted the past-due rate 6 basis 

points from the year-ago quarter to 0.48 percent. The past-due rate 

remained unchanged from the previous quarter, however, as loan 

growth outpaced the quarterly growth in past-due loans. Despite the 

recent increase, the past-due rate remains below the pre-pandemic 

average of 0.66 percent. 

NONCURRENT LOAN BALANCES 

CONTINUED TO DECLINE 

FROM A QUARTER AGO 

Loans and leases that are 90 days or more past due or in nonaccrual 

status (noncurrent loan balances) declined $7.2 billion (7.6 percent) 

from first quarter 2022, supporting a 9 basis point reduction in the 

noncurrent rate to 0.75 percent. The noncurrent rate remains just 

5 basis points above the historical low reported in second quarter 

2006. Noncurrent 1–4 family residential real estate loan balances 

declined most among noncurrent loan categories (down $5.1 billion, 

or 12.5 percent). The second-largest quarterly reduction of noncurrent 

loans was in the nonfarm nonresidential commercial real estate 

portfolio (down $1.0 billion, or 9.2 percent). More than half of all banks 

(51.9 percent) reported lower noncurrent loan balances compared with 

first quarter 2022. 

DECLINE IN NET LOSSES ON CREDIT 

CARD LOANS DROVE A REDUCTION 

IN THE NET CHARGE-OFF RATE 

Annual reductions in credit card loan charge-offs (down $611.9 million, 

or 12.1 percent) and C&I loan charge-offs ($411.7 million, or 

32.4 percent) drove a decline in total net charge-offs of loans and 

leases (down $600.7 million, or 8.2 percent) from the year-ago quarter. 

These reductions supported a 4 basis point decline in the net chargeoff rate to 0.23 percent. 

6 
QUARTERLY 2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

RISK-BASED CAPITAL RATIOS FELL 

BUT REMAINED ABOVE 

PRE-PANDEMIC AVERAGES 

Risk-based capital ratios remained above pre-pandemic averages 

despite a reduction in second quarter 2022. The total risk-based capital 

ratio fell 19 basis points to 14.85 percent and the tier 1 risk-based 

capital ratio fell 15 basis points to 13.59 percent in second quarter due to 

risk-weighted asset growth outpacing capital formation. The leverage 

capital ratio, however, increased 8 basis points from a quarter ago 

to 8.75 percent as risk-based capital growth outpaced average asset 

growth.6 Equity capital declined $39.6 billion (1.8 percent) in second 

quarter 2022, as the continued rise in market interest rates further 

eroded the value of available-for-sale investment securities, resulting 

in a continued reduction in accumulated other comprehensive income 

(down $83.3 billion, or 48.9 percent) from first quarter 2022. 

Retained earnings increased $4.4 billion (14.3 percent) from a quarter 

ago. Banks distributed 45.1 percent of second quarter earnings as 

dividends, just below the proportion reported in first quarter 2022. The 

number of institutions with capital ratios that did not meet Prompt 

Corrective Action requirements for the well-capitalized category 

declined by two from first quarter 2022 to seven.7 

SIX BANKS OPENED AND 

NO BANKS FAILED IN 

SECOND QUARTER 2022 

The number of FDIC-insured institutions declined from 4,796 in 

first quarter 2022 to 4,771. In second quarter, 6 banks opened and 28 

institutions merged with other FDIC-insured institutions. The number 

of banks on the FDIC’s “Problem Bank List” remained unchanged 

from first quarter at 40, the lowest level since QBP data collection 

began in 1984. Total assets of problem banks declined $2.7 billion to 

$170.4 billion.8 No banks failed in the second quarter. 

Author: 

Erica Jill Tholmer 

Senior Financial Analyst 

Division of Insurance and Research 

6 Metrics used in this calculation are based on criteria related to Prompt Corrective Action guidance. 

7 Prompt Corrective Action categories are assigned based on reported capital ratios only and do not include the effects of regulatory downgrades. 

8 The asset value of insured financial institutions on the Problem Bank List is the amount known on the last day of the first quarter 2022, the most current information 

available on June 30, 2022. 

7 
QUARTERLY 2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

TABLE I-A. Selected Indicators, All FDIC-Insured Institutions* 

Return on assets (%) 

Return on equity (%) 

Core capital (leverage) ratio (%) 

Noncurrent assets plus other real estate owned to assets (%) 

Net charge-offs to loans (%) 

Asset growth rate (%) 

Net interest margin (%) 

Net operating income growth (%) 

Number of institutions reporting 

Commercial banks 

Savings institutions 

Percentage of unprofitable institutions (%) 

Number of problem institutions 

Assets of problem institutions (in billions)*** 

Number of failed institutions 

2022** 2021** 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 

1.05 1.31 1.23 0.72 1.29 1.35 0.97 

10.97 13.00 12.21 6.85 11.38 11.98 8.60 

8.75 8.83 8.73 8.82 9.66 9.70 9.63 

0.39 0.51 0.44 0.61 0.55 0.60 0.73 

0.23 0.30 0.25 0.50 0.52 0.48 0.50 

4.15 7.73 8.46 17.29 3.92 3.03 3.79 

2.67 2.53 2.54 2.82 3.36 3.40 3.25 

-13.63 332.40 96.90 -38.77 -3.14 45.45 -3.27 

4,771 4,950 4,839 5,002 5,177 5,406 5,670 

4,178 4,335 4,231 4,375 4,518 4,715 4,918 

593 615 608 627 659 691 752 

4.72 3.43 3.08 4.68 3.73 3.46 5.61 

40 51 44 56 51 60 95 

$170 $46 $170 $56 $46 $48 $14 

0 0 0 4 4 0 8 

* Excludes insured branches of foreign banks (IBAs).

** Through June 30, ratios annualized where appropriate. Asset growth rates are for 12 months ending June 30.

*** Assets shown are what were on record as of the last day of the quarter. 

8 
QUARTERLY 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

TABLE II-A. Aggregate Condition and Income Data, All FDIC-Insured Institutions 

(dollar figures in millions) 2nd Quarter 

2022 

1st Quarter 

2022 

2nd Quarter 

2021 

%Change

21Q2-22Q2 

Number of institutions reporting 4,771 4,796 4,950 -3.6 

Total employees (full-time equivalent) 

CONDITION DATA 

2,100,326 2,088,158 2,058,711 2.0 

Total assets $23,718,486 $23,973,543 $22,774,239 4.1 

Loans secured by real estate 5,499,601 5,325,886 5,109,219 7.6 

1-4 Family residential mortgages 2,367,598 2,272,849 2,180,518 8.6 

Nonfarm nonresidential 1,709,302 1,673,811 1,594,852 7.2 

Construction and development 429,501 412,851 393,581 9.1 

Home equity lines 266,734 261,067 277,878 -4.0 

Commercial & industrial loans 2,487,603 2,395,257 2,335,820 6.5 

Loans to individuals 1,961,755 1,882,478 1,757,405 11.6 

Credit cards 903,452 851,150 791,990 14.1 

Farm loans 70,854 67,811 69,763 1.6 

Other loans & leases 1,753,408 1,687,331 1,588,934 10.4 

Less: Unearned income 1,508 1,905 2,987 -49.5 

Total loans & leases 11,771,713 11,356,858 10,858,154 8.4 

Less: Reserve for losses* 179,201 175,457 195,173 -8.2 

Net loans and leases 11,592,512 11,181,401 10,662,981 8.7 

Securities** 6,148,585 6,260,519 5,728,172 7.3 

Other real estate owned 2,807 2,934 4,149 -32.3 

Goodwill and other intangibles 421,498 415,379 393,756 7.0 

All other assets 5,553,084 6,113,311 5,985,182 -7.2 

Total liabilities and capital 23,718,486 23,973,543 22,774,239 4.1 

Deposits 19,563,252 19,932,367 18,730,678 4.4 

Domestic office deposits 18,077,473 18,381,207 17,163,914 5.3 

Foreign office deposits 1,485,779 1,551,159 1,566,764 -5.2 

Other borrowed funds 1,138,325 980,527 1,018,753 11.7 

Subordinated debt 63,463 65,733 66,798 -5.0 

All other liabilities 732,905 734,803 649,812 12.8 

Total equity capital (includes minority interests) 2,220,536 2,260,111 2,308,200 -3.8 

Bank equity capital 2,218,286 2,257,908 2,305,697 -3.8 

Loans and leases 30-89 days past due 56,928 54,132 45,556 25.0 

Noncurrent loans and leases 87,995 95,185 109,688 -19.8 

Restructured loans and leases 42,208 41,844 47,202 -10.6 

Mortgage-backed securities 3,381,850 3,522,187 3,386,816 -0.1 

Earning assets 21,523,101 21,838,586 20,799,350 3.5 

FHLB Advances 325,739 203,679 207,582 56.9 

Unused loan commitments 9,456,531 9,370,868 8,916,262 6.1 

Trust assets 18,118,016 18,953,877 19,848,467 -8.7 

Assets securitized and sold 419,157 416,932 463,218 -9.5 

Notional amount of derivatives 197,417,458 203,157,713 186,058,278 6.1 

INCOME DATA 

Total interest income 

Total interest expense 

Net interest income 

Provision for credit losses*** 

Total noninterest income 

Total noninterest expense 

Securities gains (losses) 

Applicable income taxes 

Extraordinary gains, net**** 

Total net income (includes minority interests) 

Bank net income 

Net charge-offs 

Cash dividends 

Retained earnings 

Net operating income 

First Half First Half 2nd Quarter 2nd Quarter %Change 

2022 2021 %Change 2022 2021 21Q2-22Q2 

$310,624 $277,141 12.1 $164,978 $138,560 19.1 

22,259 19,278 15.5 13,852 9,300 49.0 

288,365 257,863 11.8 151,126 129,260 16.9 

16,282 -25,185 N/M 11,080 -10,780 N/M 

153,409 152,215 0.8 76,891 75,764 1.5 

267,863 250,028 7.1 134,843 126,101 6.9 

-896 2,130 -142.1 -307 735 -141.7 

32,211 40,631 -20.7 17,071 20,045 -14.8 

-250 28 -992.6 -250 28 -978.9 

124,273 146,762 -15.3 64,467 70,422 -8.5 

124,155 146,649 -15.3 64,405 70,376 -8.5 

12,961 16,420 -21.1 6,692 7,292 -8.2 

57,687 60,367 -4.4 29,063 36,570 -20.5 

66,467 86,283 -23.0 35,342 33,805 4.6 

125,256 145,018 -13.6 64,970 69,811 -6.9 

* For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, this item represents the allowance for credit losses on loans and leases held for investment and allocated transfer risk.

** For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, securities are reported net of allowances for credit losses.

*** For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, this item represents provisions for credit losses on a consolidated basis; for institutions that have not adopted ASU 2016-13,

this item represents the provision for loan and lease losses.

**** See Notes to Users for explanation. N/M - Not Meaningful 

9 
QUARTERLY 

 

 

 

 

 

2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

TABLE III-A. Second Quarter 2022, All FDIC-Insured Institutions 

Asset Concentration Groups* 

Inter- Other 

SECOND QUARTER All Insured Credit Card national Agricultural Commercial Mortgage Consumer Specialized All Other All Other 

(The way it is...) Institutions Banks Banks Banks Lenders Lenders Lenders <$1 Billion <$1 Billion >$1 Billion 

Number of institutions reporting 4,771 11 5 1,074 2,438 294 35 344 480 90 

Commercial banks 4,178 10 5 1,062 2,209 83 23 314 399 73 

Savings institutions 593 1 0 12 229 211 12 30 81 17 

Total assets (in billions) $23,718.5 $528.6 $5,920.0 $299.4 $7,448.9 $333.7 $364.3 $78.5 $116.5 $8,628.6 

Commercial banks 22,282.5 441.6 5,920.0 292.3 6,977.9 150.8 356.3 73.9 94.7 7,975.0 

Savings institutions 1,436.0 87.0 0.0 7.1 471.0 182.9 8.1 4.6 21.8 653.6 

Total deposits (in billions) 19,563.3 380.5 4,609.0 261.6 6,264.5 281.3 302.6 68.5 103.1 7,292.2 

Commercial banks 18,333.7 312.7 4,609.0 257.4 5,888.5 131.6 295.7 65.3 84.5 6,689.0 

Savings institutions 1,229.6 67.8 0.0 4.1 376.0 149.7 6.9 3.2 18.5 603.3 

Bank net income (in millions) 64,405 5,166 14,269 911 20,482 722 1,754 308 290 20,502 

Commercial banks 60,594 4,384 14,269 872 19,359 431 1,743 130 266 19,138 

Savings institutions 3,811 782 0 39 1,123 291 11 177 25 1,364 

Performance Ratios (annualized, %) 

Yield on earning assets 3.05 11.86 2.39 3.60 3.39 2.84 4.40 2.68 3.38 2.59 

Cost of funding earning assets 0.26 1.18 0.28 0.32 0.22 0.29 0.65 0.21 0.25 0.19 

Net interest margin 2.80 10.68 2.11 3.29 3.17 2.55 3.75 2.47 3.13 2.39 

Noninterest income to assets 1.29 6.64 1.60 0.56 0.90 1.30 1.41 3.80 0.98 1.09 

Noninterest expense to assets 2.27 9.47 2.04 2.19 2.26 2.45 1.86 3.94 2.71 1.99 

Credit loss provision to assets** 0.19 2.09 0.15 0.05 0.13 0.05 0.52 0.03 0.02 0.15 

Net operating income to assets 1.09 4.00 0.98 1.23 1.13 0.96 1.93 1.69 1.04 0.93 

Pretax return on assets 1.37 5.20 1.25 1.39 1.40 1.12 2.55 1.97 1.12 1.16 

Return on assets 1.08 4.00 0.95 1.22 1.11 0.87 1.93 1.56 0.99 0.94 

Return on equity 11.54 32.00 10.85 13.29 11.03 9.71 22.30 13.77 10.61 10.39 

Net charge-offs to loans and leases 0.23 2.14 0.30 0.03 0.08 0.02 0.45 0.10 0.03 0.18 

Loan and lease loss provision to

net charge-offs 163.67 115.77 181.35 265.72 239.92 506.68 132.05 104.81 136.52 177.39 

Efficiency ratio 58.71 56.15 58.45 59.68 58.75 65.55 37.59 64.37 69.19 60.38 

% of unprofitable institutions 4.88 0.00 0.00 3.26 3.94 13.27 8.57 11.34 3.75 3.33 

% of institutions with earnings gains 48.46 27.27 40.00 33.43 53.08 54.76 57.14 53.49 48.75 61.11 

Structural Changes 

New reporters 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 

Institutions absorbed by mergers 28 0 0 5 17 0 0 3 2 1 

Failed institutions 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

PRIOR SECOND QUARTERS 

(The way it was...) 

Return on assets (%) 2021 1.24 5.76 1.10 1.43 1.27 0.82 1.43 1.79 1.09 1.07 

2019 1.38 3.21 1.24 1.33 1.25 1.09 1.44 3.04 1.44 1.46 

2017 1.13 2.05 0.95 1.22 1.08 0.92 1.13 2.97 0.91 1.24 

Net charge-offs to loans & leases (%) 2021 0.27 2.37 0.40 0.06 0.12 0.01 0.22 0.11 0.03 0.21 

2019 0.50 4.33 0.73 0.17 0.19 0.02 0.79 0.15 0.16 0.35 

2017 0.48 4.07 0.51 0.21 0.22 0.00 0.59 0.19 0.14 0.39 

* See Table V-A (page 14) for explanations.

** For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, the numerator represents provisions for credit losses on a consolidated basis; for institutions that have not adopted ASU 2016-13, the

numerator represents the provision for loan and lease losses. 

10 
QUARTERLY 

 

 

 

 

 

2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

TABLE III-A. Second Quarter 2022, All FDIC-Insured Institutions 

Asset Size Distribution Geographic Regions* 

Less Than $100 $1 Billion $10 Billion Greater 

SECOND QUARTER All Insured $100 Million to to $10 to $250 Than $250 Kansas San 

(The way it is...) Institutions Million $1 Billion Billion Billion Billion New York Atlanta Chicago City Dallas Francisco 

Number of institutions reporting 4,771 785 3,010 817 146 13 564 544 1,025 1,219 1,062 357 

Commercial banks 4,178 686 2,668 681 131 12 291 498 885 1,181 997 326 

Savings institutions 593 99 342 136 15 1 273 46 140 38 65 31 

Total assets (in billions) $23,718.5 $47.9 $1,107.8 $2,193.2 $7,102.2 $13,267.4 $4,520.6 $4,683.1 $5,733.5 $4,170.4 $2,027.8 $2,583.0 

Commercial banks 22,282.5 42.3 972.4 1,835.5 6,572.7 12,859.5 4,072.6 4,630.2 5,639.7 4,118.1 1,396.6 2,425.4 

Savings institutions 1,436.0 5.6 135.3 357.7 529.5 407.9 448.0 53.0 93.8 52.3 631.3 157.6 

Total deposits (in billions) 19,563.3 41.0 968.7 1,861.6 5,912.3 10,779.8 3,727.6 3,927.0 4,492.1 3,453.7 1,789.4 2,173.5 

Commercial banks 18,333.7 36.7 855.9 1,565.9 5,484.9 10,390.3 3,364.3 3,888.6 4,423.9 3,409.8 1,204.3 2,042.7 

Savings institutions 1,229.6 4.3 112.7 295.7 427.4 389.5 363.3 38.4 68.2 43.9 585.1 130.8 

Bank net income (in millions) 64,405 88 3,109 6,778 23,533 30,897 10,244 12,471 14,815 11,023 5,616 10,237 

Commercial banks 60,594 87 2,734 6,107 21,620 30,046 9,533 12,319 14,384 10,892 4,201 9,265 

Savings institutions 3,811 1 375 671 1,913 851 711 152 431 131 1,415 972 

Performance Ratios (annualized, %) 

Yield on earning assets 3.05 3.45 3.64 3.76 3.73 2.51 2.99 3.08 2.58 3.13 3.06 3.98 

Cost of funding earning assets 0.26 0.30 0.29 0.27 0.30 0.23 0.32 0.22 0.23 0.28 0.17 0.31 

Net interest margin 2.80 3.15 3.35 3.50 3.43 2.28 2.67 2.87 2.35 2.85 2.89 3.67 

Noninterest income to assets 1.29 1.57 1.11 1.13 1.36 1.30 1.14 1.15 1.50 1.17 0.82 1.93 

Noninterest expense to assets 2.27 3.55 2.82 2.62 2.52 2.03 2.14 2.28 2.14 2.22 2.10 2.95 

Credit loss provision to assets** 0.19 0.04 0.07 0.18 0.28 0.15 0.21 0.18 0.13 0.17 0.09 0.38 

Net operating income to assets 1.09 0.77 1.16 1.28 1.33 0.93 0.95 1.07 1.03 1.08 1.08 1.57 

Pretax return on assets 1.37 0.85 1.32 1.55 1.73 1.16 1.17 1.27 1.33 1.32 1.35 2.08 

Return on assets 1.08 0.74 1.12 1.24 1.33 0.92 0.92 1.06 1.02 1.05 1.10 1.59 

Return on equity 11.54 5.90 11.67 12.55 13.47 10.26 9.31 10.72 11.55 11.18 13.14 16.52 

Net charge-offs to loans and leases 0.23 0.04 0.04 0.12 0.30 0.24 0.21 0.29 0.16 0.24 0.07 0.37 

Loan and lease loss provision to

net charge-offs 163.67 219.16 301.45 224.13 146.50 169.75 186.75 118.75 198.78 174.34 247.83 153.81 

Efficiency ratio 58.71 78.94 66.13 59.20 55.21 60.23 59.44 60.40 59.12 59.02 59.48 54.40 

% of unprofitable institutions 4.88 12.99 3.49 3.18 0.00 0.00 9.40 6.25 5.46 3.04 2.92 6.16 

% of institutions with earnings gains 48.46 41.02 47.84 58.02 48.63 38.46 54.61 59.93 45.85 34.37 57.53 49.86 

Structural Changes 

New reporters 6 6 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 3 

Institutions absorbed by mergers 28 9 11 6 2 0 5 1 6 8 7 1 

Failed institutions 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

PRIOR SECOND QUARTERS 

(The way it was...) 

Return on assets (%) 2021 1.24 1.11 1.32 1.37 1.49 1.09 1.14 1.18 1.23 1.16 1.17 1.76 

2019 1.38 0.97 1.35 1.26 1.43 1.37 1.15 1.44 1.34 1.34 1.38 1.75 

2017 1.13 0.94 1.12 1.26 1.14 1.10 0.95 1.20 1.04 1.07 1.28 1.54 

Net charge-offs to loans & leases (%) 2021 0.27 0.08 0.06 0.14 0.35 0.27 0.25 0.32 0.20 0.34 0.08 0.36 

2019 0.50 0.15 0.12 0.21 0.66 0.51 0.46 0.54 0.41 0.53 0.22 0.77 

2017 0.48 0.21 0.12 0.22 0.72 0.44 0.60 0.57 0.24 0.48 0.26 0.66 

* See Table V-A (page 15) for explanations.

** For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, the numerator represents provisions for credit losses on a consolidated basis; for institutions that have not adopted ASU 2016-13, the

numerator represents the provision for loan and lease losses. 

11 
QUARTERLY 

 

 

2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

TABLE IV-A. First Half 2022, All FDIC-Insured Institutions 

Asset Concentration Groups* 

Inter- Other 

FIRST HALF All Insured Credit Card national Agricultural Commercial Mortgage Consumer Specialized All Other All Other 

(The way it is...) Institutions Banks Banks Banks Lenders Lenders Lenders <$1 Billion <$1 Billion >$1 Billion 

Number of institutions reporting 4,771 11 5 1,074 2,438 294 35 344 480 90 

Commercial banks 4,178 10 5 1,062 2,209 83 23 314 399 73 

Savings institutions 593 1 0 12 229 211 12 30 81 17 

Total assets (in billions) $23,718.5 $528.6 $5,920.0 $299.4 $7,448.9 $333.7 $364.3 $78.5 $116.5 $8,628.6 

Commercial banks 22,282.5 441.6 5,920.0 292.3 6,977.9 150.8 356.3 73.9 94.7 7,975.0 

Savings institutions 1,436.0 87.0 0.0 7.1 471.0 182.9 8.1 4.6 21.8 653.6 

Total deposits (in billions) 19,563.3 380.5 4,609.0 261.6 6,264.5 281.3 302.6 68.5 103.1 7,292.2 

Commercial banks 18,333.7 312.7 4,609.0 257.4 5,888.5 131.6 295.7 65.3 84.5 6,689.0 

Savings institutions 1,229.6 67.8 0.0 4.1 376.0 149.7 6.9 3.2 18.5 603.3 

Bank net income (in millions) 124,155 10,988 25,716 1,728 39,552 1,511 3,269 589 549 40,253 

Commercial banks 116,834 9,334 25,716 1,650 37,389 878 3,251 236 497 37,882 

Savings institutions 7,321 1,654 0 78 2,162 633 19 353 52 2,370 

Performance Ratios (annualized, %) 

Yield on earning assets 2.88 11.70 2.23 3.49 3.22 2.71 4.20 2.58 3.27 2.41 

Cost of funding earning assets 0.21 1.06 0.21 0.31 0.19 0.27 0.58 0.20 0.24 0.15 

Net interest margin 2.67 10.64 2.02 3.18 3.03 2.43 3.63 2.38 3.03 2.26 

Noninterest income to assets 1.30 6.32 1.61 0.57 0.92 1.39 1.33 3.59 0.99 1.10 

Noninterest expense to assets 2.26 9.18 2.09 2.19 2.24 2.45 1.89 3.76 2.71 1.98 

Credit loss provision to assets** 0.14 1.63 0.15 0.03 0.09 0.02 0.46 0.03 0.02 0.07 

Net operating income to assets 1.06 4.30 0.89 1.17 1.09 0.97 1.80 1.51 0.97 0.92 

Pretax return on assets 1.32 5.59 1.14 1.32 1.35 1.17 2.38 1.81 1.06 1.13 

Return on assets 1.05 4.31 0.87 1.16 1.08 0.91 1.81 1.43 0.94 0.92 

Return on equity 10.97 34.39 9.71 12.00 10.54 9.85 20.65 12.21 9.53 9.98 

Net charge-offs to loans and leases 0.23 2.03 0.29 0.02 0.09 0.01 0.42 0.10 0.02 0.17 

Loan and lease loss provision to

net charge-offs 121.37 95.70 153.47 264.19 153.74 492.60 144.97 129.25 218.22 104.11 

Efficiency ratio 60.17 55.62 60.87 61.22 59.94 65.83 39.86 65.69 70.61 61.96 

% of unprofitable institutions 4.72 0.00 0.00 2.98 3.77 11.56 8.57 11.34 4.58 3.33 

% of institutions with earnings gains 40.75 27.27 40.00 26.44 44.91 50.00 45.71 43.31 41.46 54.44 

Condition Ratios (%) 

Earning assets to total assets 90.74 94.74 88.39 93.83 91.39 95.28 93.66 92.65 93.72 91.09 

Loss allowance to: 

Loans and leases 1.52 6.61 1.75 1.41 1.20 0.73 1.93 1.68 1.30 1.25 

Noncurrent loans and leases 203.65 695.25 235.30 220.51 171.96 143.80 296.90 256.69 224.42 153.21 

Noncurrent assets plus 

other real estate owned to assets 0.39 0.81 0.25 0.41 0.47 0.30 0.48 0.22 0.35 0.38 

Equity capital ratio 9.35 12.25 8.87 8.79 9.95 8.75 8.56 10.63 9.01 9.06 

Core capital (leverage) ratio 8.75 13.56 7.88 10.38 9.43 9.92 9.72 13.58 10.96 8.24 

Common equity tier 1 capital ratio*** 13.49 15.08 15.12 14.08 12.08 19.49 15.33 30.47 17.59 13.49 

Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio*** 13.59 15.22 15.19 14.08 12.16 19.49 15.36 30.47 17.59 13.62 

Total risk-based capital ratio*** 14.85 16.84 16.36 15.18 13.36 20.30 16.41 31.40 18.61 14.99 

Net loans and leases to deposits 59.26 109.96 39.83 67.71 76.50 67.00 86.53 31.10 58.82 52.61 

Net loans to total assets 48.88 79.15 31.01 59.15 64.34 56.48 71.87 27.13 52.04 44.46 

Domestic deposits to total assets 76.22 71.96 56.03 87.36 84.01 83.94 83.06 87.23 88.45 82.36 

Structural Changes 

New reporters 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 

Institutions absorbed by mergers 72 0 0 13 49 0 0 3 3 4 

Failed institutions 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

PRIOR FIRST HALVES 

(The way it was...) 

Number of institutions 2021 4,950 11 5 1,130 2,585 281 32 311 509 86 

2019 5,303 11 5 1,329 2,803 389 70 220 426 50 

2017 5,787 12 5 1,418 2,958 454 60 276 546 58 

Total assets (in billions) 2021 $22,774.2 $477.8 $5,747.9 $289.0 $7,184.7 $685.2 $152.7 $64.5 $119.4 $8,052.9 

2019 18,265.9 521.0 4,488.8 291.1 6,584.0 356.9 222.4 37.7 75.6 5,688.4 

2017 17,069.5 505.5 4,194.3 280.9 5,911.7 359.5 261.7 48.0 97.0 5,410.9 

Return on assets (%) 2021 1.31 5.77 1.24 1.44 1.31 0.88 2.09 1.81 1.11 1.11 

2019 1.36 3.21 1.25 1.33 1.24 1.15 1.38 3.07 1.43 1.43 

2017 1.09 2.05 0.95 1.20 1.03 0.90 1.10 2.83 0.92 1.16 

Net charge-offs to loans & leases (%) 2021 0.30 2.49 0.47 0.04 0.13 0.02 0.25 0.08 0.03 0.25 

2019 0.50 4.32 0.72 0.18 0.18 0.02 0.79 0.13 0.13 0.37 

2017 0.49 3.97 0.58 0.15 0.21 0.05 0.62 0.15 0.13 0.40 

Noncurrent assets plus

OREO to assets (%) 2021 0.51 0.65 0.31 0.59 0.66 0.22 0.20 0.29 0.49 0.53 

2019 0.57 1.20 0.37 0.92 0.61 1.23 0.46 0.43 0.67 0.56 

2017 0.75 1.06 0.50 0.84 0.76 1.63 0.62 0.50 0.92 0.83 

Equity capital ratio (%) 2021 10.12 13.59 9.04 11.09 10.97 9.08 8.90 13.96 11.22 9.97 

2019 11.47 12.32 10.46 11.94 12.18 11.06 10.93 17.57 13.09 11.32 

2017 11.32 15.91 9.90 11.47 12.04 11.13 10.28 15.28 11.88 11.23 

* See Table V-A (page 14) for explanations.

** For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, the numerator represents provisions for credit losses on a consolidated basis; for institutions that have not adopted ASU 2016-13, the

numerator represents the provision for loan and lease losses.

*** Beginning March 2020, does not include institutions that have a Community Bank Leverage Ratio election in effect at the report date. 

12 
QUARTERLY 

 

 

2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

TABLE IV-A. First Half 2022, All FDIC-Insured Institutions 

Asset Size Distribution Geographic Regions* 

Less Than $100 $1 Billion $10 Billion Greater 

FIRST HALF All Insured $100 Million to to $10 to $250 Than $250 Kansas San 

(The way it is...) Institutions Million $1 Billion Billion Billion Billion New York Atlanta Chicago City Dallas Francisco 

Number of institutions reporting 4,771 785 3,010 817 146 13 564 544 1,025 1,219 1,062 357 

Commercial banks 4,178 686 2,668 681 131 12 291 498 885 1,181 997 326 

Savings institutions 593 99 342 136 15 1 273 46 140 38 65 31 

Total assets (in billions) $23,718.5 $47.9 $1,107.8 $2,193.2 $7,102.2 $13,267.4 $4,520.6 $4,683.1 $5,733.5 $4,170.4 $2,027.8 $2,583.0 

Commercial banks 22,282.5 42.3 972.4 1,835.5 6,572.7 12,859.5 4,072.6 4,630.2 5,639.7 4,118.1 1,396.6 2,425.4 

Savings institutions 1,436.0 5.6 135.3 357.7 529.5 407.9 448.0 53.0 93.8 52.3 631.3 157.6 

Total deposits (in billions) 19,563.3 41.0 968.7 1,861.6 5,912.3 10,779.8 3,727.6 3,927.0 4,492.1 3,453.7 1,789.4 2,173.5 

Commercial banks 18,333.7 36.7 855.9 1,565.9 5,484.9 10,390.3 3,364.3 3,888.6 4,423.9 3,409.8 1,204.3 2,042.7 

Savings institutions 1,229.6 4.3 112.7 295.7 427.4 389.5 363.3 38.4 68.2 43.9 585.1 130.8 

Bank net income (in millions) 124,155 185 5,906 13,257 45,885 58,922 20,634 25,017 27,559 20,338 10,613 19,994 

Commercial banks 116,834 164 5,150 11,915 42,254 57,350 19,222 24,741 26,723 20,109 8,072 17,966 

Savings institutions 7,321 21 756 1,342 3,631 1,572 1,411 276 835 229 2,541 2,028 

Performance Ratios (annualized, %) 

Yield on earning assets 2.88 3.34 3.52 3.62 3.52 2.35 2.77 2.94 2.42 2.95 2.88 3.81 

Cost of funding earning assets 0.21 0.30 0.28 0.25 0.25 0.17 0.24 0.18 0.17 0.23 0.15 0.27 

Net interest margin 2.67 3.04 3.24 3.37 3.27 2.18 2.53 2.76 2.25 2.72 2.73 3.54 

Noninterest income to assets 1.30 1.67 1.12 1.14 1.34 1.31 1.15 1.18 1.53 1.16 0.82 1.84 

Noninterest expense to assets 2.26 3.51 2.81 2.60 2.48 2.05 2.10 2.26 2.18 2.28 2.06 2.88 

Credit loss provision to assets** 0.14 0.03 0.06 0.14 0.21 0.11 0.14 0.14 0.13 0.10 0.06 0.27 

Net operating income to assets 1.06 0.81 1.09 1.25 1.30 0.90 0.95 1.07 0.97 0.98 1.03 1.55 

Pretax return on assets 1.32 0.89 1.26 1.53 1.69 1.10 1.18 1.26 1.24 1.23 1.27 2.05 

Return on assets 1.05 0.78 1.07 1.22 1.31 0.88 0.93 1.06 0.96 0.97 1.04 1.56 

Return on equity 10.97 6.03 10.69 12.05 13.03 9.64 9.30 10.65 10.58 10.18 11.87 15.98 

Net charge-offs to loans and leases 0.23 0.04 0.03 0.11 0.30 0.23 0.21 0.29 0.15 0.24 0.07 0.35 

Loan and lease loss provision to

net charge-offs 121.37 165.39 312.44 188.89 113.82 116.99 141.97 94.01 191.96 79.84 139.15 122.31 

Efficiency ratio 60.17 78.25 67.41 60.16 56.17 62.14 60.14 61.05 60.93 62.34 60.53 55.24 

% of unprofitable institutions 4.72 12.74 3.46 2.45 0.68 0.00 8.69 6.25 5.27 2.87 2.92 6.16 

% of institutions with earnings gains 40.75 34.27 40.03 49.94 39.73 30.77 48.58 51.65 36.29 26.09 50.75 44.82 

Condition Ratios (%) 

Earning assets to total assets 90.74 92.69 93.75 93.21 92.22 89.29 90.43 90.05 89.52 90.23 93.13 94.23 

Loss allowance to: 

Loans and leases 1.52 1.47 1.33 1.30 1.64 1.51 1.52 1.50 1.45 1.60 1.20 1.78 

Noncurrent loans and leases 203.65 160.01 254.80 216.00 214.41 188.49 182.76 210.55 199.32 195.25 133.28 331.02 

Noncurrent assets plus 

other real estate owned to assets 0.39 0.54 0.36 0.43 0.48 0.33 0.43 0.37 0.33 0.41 0.45 0.35 

Equity capital ratio 9.35 12.25 9.36 9.74 9.84 9.01 9.80 9.89 8.87 9.39 8.20 9.53 

Core capital (leverage) ratio 8.75 13.71 10.80 10.27 9.43 7.94 9.02 8.44 8.19 8.80 9.00 9.76 

Common equity tier 1 capital ratio*** 13.49 23.30 15.65 13.67 13.17 13.53 13.79 12.73 13.70 12.89 14.68 14.11 

Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio*** 13.59 23.31 15.70 13.71 13.39 13.57 13.85 12.83 13.76 12.97 14.80 14.37 

Total risk-based capital ratio*** 14.85 24.40 16.81 14.75 14.55 14.92 15.14 13.94 14.95 14.61 15.83 15.47 

Net loans and leases to deposits 59.26 58.66 68.61 76.04 72.74 48.12 60.92 58.80 55.28 57.50 53.18 73.24 

Net loans to total assets 48.88 50.17 59.99 64.54 60.56 39.10 50.23 49.31 43.31 47.61 46.93 61.63 

Domestic deposits to total assets 76.22 85.53 87.44 84.77 81.66 70.92 78.06 81.29 69.21 67.94 88.22 83.29 

Structural Changes 

New reporters 9 9 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 1 1 4 

Institutions absorbed by mergers 72 17 28 20 7 0 15 7 14 18 13 5 

Failed institutions 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

PRIOR FIRST HALVES 

(The way it was...) 

Number of institutions 2021 4,950 870 3,103 817 147 13 586 565 1,059 1,275 1,095 370 

2019 5,303 1,230 3,281 651 132 9 640 611 1,143 1,357 1,165 387 

2017 5,787 1,471 3,564 631 112 9 709 693 1,232 1,464 1,253 436 

Total assets (in billions) 2021 $22,774.2 $53.0 $1,117.7 $2,151.7 $6,742.8 $12,709.0 $4,216.7 $4,652.2 $5,473.4 $4,160.0 $1,887.2 $2,384.7 

2019 18,265.9 72.7 1,090.1 1,716.1 6,287.9 9,099.1 3,316.9 3,735.2 4,220.8 3,745.8 1,169.1 2,078.1 

2017 17,069.5 87.1 1,159.0 1,752.2 5,432.6 8,638.6 3,137.2 3,540.4 3,890.5 3,692.3 1,045.1 1,763.9 

Return on assets (%) 2021 1.31 1.10 1.34 1.45 1.54 1.17 1.17 1.25 1.34 1.26 1.19 1.82 

2019 1.36 1.00 1.29 1.26 1.42 1.36 1.13 1.42 1.35 1.32 1.36 1.74 

2017 1.09 0.93 1.09 1.18 1.10 1.06 0.93 1.10 1.01 1.07 1.21 1.45 

Net charge-offs to loans & leases (%) 2021 0.30 0.06 0.05 0.14 0.37 0.33 0.30 0.34 0.24 0.38 0.11 0.39 

2019 0.50 0.14 0.10 0.19 0.66 0.52 0.46 0.56 0.39 0.52 0.21 0.78 

2017 

Noncurrent assets plus

0.49 0.17 0.12 0.21 0.71 0.46 0.56 0.58 0.29 0.49 0.27 0.66 

OREO to assets (%) 2021 0.51 0.66 0.50 0.55 0.68 0.40 0.50 0.48 0.43 0.52 0.89 0.41 

2019 0.57 0.97 0.73 0.64 0.60 0.51 0.54 0.58 0.53 0.62 0.76 0.45 

2017 0.75 1.06 0.90 0.74 0.71 0.75 0.67 0.88 0.67 0.86 0.86 0.48 

Equity capital ratio (%) 2021 10.12 13.41 10.93 10.94 10.72 9.58 10.35 10.61 9.59 9.86 10.22 10.39 

2019 11.47 14.36 11.95 12.08 12.07 10.85 12.07 12.29 11.18 10.29 12.13 11.38 

2017 11.32 13.09 11.36 11.82 12.37 10.55 12.46 12.21 10.38 10.08 11.32 12.22 

* See Table V-A (page 15) for explanations.

** For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, the numerator represents provisions for credit losses on a consolidated basis; for institutions that have not adopted ASU 2016-13, the

numerator represents the provision for loan and lease losses.

*** Beginning March 2020, does not include institutions that have a Community Bank Leverage Ratio election in effect at the report date. 

13 
QUARTERLY 

 

2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

TABLE V-A. Loan Performance, All FDIC-Insured Institutions 

Asset Concentration Groups* 

Inter- Other 

June 30, 2022 All Insured Credit Card national Agricultural Commercial Mortgage Consumer Specialized All Other All Other 

Institutions Banks Banks Banks Lenders Lenders Lenders <$1 Billion <$1 Billion >$1 Billion 

Percent of Loans 30-89 Days Past Due 

All loans secured by real estate 0.37 0.31 0.28 0.33 0.31 0.30 0.21 0.70 0.57 0.52 

Construction and development 0.45 0.00 0.44 0.36 0.35 0.50 0.20 0.61 0.62 0.86 

Nonfarm nonresidential 0.20 1.38 0.34 0.23 0.17 0.16 0.00 0.54 0.34 0.26 

Multifamily residential real estate 0.12 0.00 0.11 0.05 0.12 0.09 0.00 0.26 0.12 0.14 

Home equity loans 0.34 0.00 0.42 0.28 0.30 0.21 0.24 0.39 0.39 0.41 

Other 1-4 family residential 0.55 0.21 0.32 0.61 0.59 0.32 0.24 0.99 0.72 0.64 

Commercial and industrial loans 0.38 0.49 0.57 0.56 0.28 0.68 0.30 0.77 0.68 0.44 

Loans to individuals 1.09 1.17 0.78 0.89 0.76 0.72 1.73 1.04 1.11 1.21 

Credit card loans 0.94 1.18 0.64 0.94 1.19 0.99 1.49 1.83 0.62 0.86 

Other loans to individuals 1.21 0.92 1.16 0.88 0.72 0.69 1.74 1.00 1.12 1.37 

All other loans and leases (including farm) 0.32 0.40 0.42 0.31 0.23 0.06 0.06 0.51 0.53 0.31 

Total loans and leases 0.48 1.09 0.48 0.37 0.33 0.31 1.14 0.73 0.62 0.58 

Percent of Loans Noncurrent** 

All real estate loans 1.01 0.88 1.26 0.64 0.80 0.51 0.22 0.70 0.60 1.48 

Construction and development 0.45 0.00 2.15 0.34 0.32 0.37 0.33 0.22 0.17 0.63 

Nonfarm nonresidential 0.59 1.48 0.46 0.62 0.54 0.39 0.12 0.53 0.76 0.82 

Multifamily residential real estate 0.18 3.97 0.18 0.24 0.18 0.12 0.21 0.28 0.13 0.17 

Home equity loans 1.89 0.00 5.54 0.25 1.07 0.41 3.05 0.46 0.26 2.62 

Other 1-4 family residential 1.52 0.73 1.47 0.51 1.54 0.55 0.19 0.89 0.61 1.81 

Commercial and industrial loans 0.64 0.33 0.92 0.82 0.67 1.14 0.85 0.58 0.74 0.49 

Loans to individuals 0.64 1.03 0.53 0.34 0.42 0.22 0.81 0.36 0.40 0.56 

Credit card loans 0.86 1.07 0.63 0.30 0.92 0.48 1.55 0.67 0.39 0.80 

Other loans to individuals 0.46 0.33 0.22 0.35 0.38 0.19 0.80 0.34 0.40 0.45 

All other loans and leases (including farm) 0.21 0.64 0.25 0.58 0.21 0.14 0.04 0.68 0.34 0.17 

Total loans and leases 0.75 0.95 0.74 0.64 0.70 0.51 0.65 0.66 0.58 0.82 

Percent of Loans Charged-Off (net, YTD) 

All real estate loans -0.01 -0.01 -0.06 0.00 0.00 -0.01 -0.03 0.00 0.00 -0.01 

Construction and development -0.02 0.00 -0.01 -0.02 -0.01 -0.02 -0.01 -0.05 0.07 -0.05 

Nonfarm nonresidential 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.01 -0.01 0.00 0.00 -0.02 0.00 

Multifamily residential real estate 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.02 -0.01 

Home equity loans -0.18 0.00 -0.60 -0.01 -0.10 -0.07 -0.26 -0.07 0.02 -0.22 

Other 1-4 family residential -0.01 -0.02 -0.06 0.00 0.01 0.00 -0.03 0.01 0.00 0.00 

Commercial and industrial loans 0.13 0.87 0.14 0.09 0.13 -0.05 0.21 -0.07 -0.04 0.08 

Loans to individuals 1.11 2.18 1.18 0.30 0.62 0.64 0.65 0.79 0.20 0.80 

Credit card loans 1.92 2.25 1.53 1.22 2.85 1.92 3.00 0.39 0.77 1.77 

Other loans to individuals 0.43 1.12 0.23 0.19 0.43 0.49 0.63 0.81 0.20 0.37 

All other loans and leases (including farm) 0.12 0.82 0.12 0.00 0.17 0.11 0.06 0.93 0.13 0.10 

Total loans and leases 0.23 2.03 0.29 0.02 0.09 0.01 0.42 0.10 0.02 0.17 

Loans Outstanding (in billions) 

All real estate loans $5,499.6 $3.3 $568.3 $115.9 $3,012.6 $176.9 $59.1 $16.3 $48.1 $1,499.2 

Construction and development 429.5 0.0 18.0 8.1 320.4 6.0 0.5 1.8 3.8 70.8 

Nonfarm nonresidential 1,709.3 0.3 61.2 31.0 1,247.7 17.1 7.6 6.0 11.2 327.1 

Multifamily residential real estate 557.6 0.0 89.7 4.3 362.3 6.0 0.9 0.5 1.6 92.2 

Home equity loans 266.7 0.0 22.0 1.8 149.5 7.6 0.8 0.5 1.5 83.1 

Other 1-4 family residential 2,367.6 2.9 332.1 26.3 878.4 139.3 49.2 6.4 26.6 906.5 

Commercial and industrial loans 2,487.6 47.9 360.5 22.7 1,135.2 4.6 34.5 2.6 5.0 874.5 

Loans to individuals 1,961.8 396.4 392.6 6.4 310.0 4.0 161.9 1.7 5.5 683.3 

Credit card loans 903.5 372.3 291.0 0.7 24.9 0.4 1.8 0.1 0.1 212.2 

Other loans to individuals 1,058.3 24.1 101.6 5.7 285.0 3.6 160.1 1.6 5.4 471.1 

All other loans and leases (including farm) 1,824.3 0.4 547.0 34.6 394.0 4.5 11.5 1.1 2.8 828.3 

Total loans and leases (plus unearned 11,773.2 448.0 1,868.3 179.7 4,851.9 189.9 267.0 21.7 61.4 3,885.3 

income) 

Memo: Other Real Estate Owned 

(in millions) 

All other real estate owned 2,807.3 2.0 229.1 85.4 1,446.1 47.6 9.4 29.2 48.1 910.4 

Construction and development 463.9 0.0 1.0 10.3 382.9 9.3 0.0 8.1 19.4 32.9 

Nonfarm nonresidential 1,453.7 2.0 79.0 36.1 741.5 15.4 0.5 14.2 18.2 547.0 

Multifamily residential real estate 33.4 0.0 0.0 3.7 29.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 

1-4 family residential 783.5 0.0 146.1 13.4 247.8 21.4 9.0 5.4 10.0 330.3 

Farmland 69.1 0.0 0.0 21.9 43.8 1.4 0.0 1.5 0.4 0.0 

* Asset Concentration Group Definitions (Groups are hierarchical and mutually exclusive):

Credit-card Lenders - Institutions whose credit-card loans plus securitized receivables exceed 50 percent of total assets plus securitized receivables.

International Banks - Banks with assets greater than $10 billion and more than 25 percent of total assets in foreign offices.

Agricultural Banks - Banks whose agricultural production loans plus real estate loans secured by farmland exceed 25 percent of the total loans and leases.

Commercial Lenders - Institutions whose commercial and industrial loans, plus real estate construction and development loans, plus loans secured by commercial real estate properties exceed

25 percent of total assets.

Mortgage Lenders - Institutions whose residential mortgage loans, plus mortgage-backed securities, exceed 50 percent of total assets.

Consumer Lenders - Institutions whose residential mortgage loans, plus credit-card loans, plus other loans to individuals, exceed 50 percent of total assets.

Other Specialized < $1 Billion - Institutions with assets less than $1 billion, whose loans and leases are less than 40 percent of total assets.

All Other < $1 billion - Institutions with assets less than $1 billion that do not meet any of the definitions above, they have significant lending activity with no identified asset concentrations.

All Other > $1 billion - Institutions with assets greater than $1 billion that do not meet any of the definitions above, they have significant lending activity with no identified asset concentrations.

** Noncurrent loan rates represent the percentage of loans in each category that are past due 90 days or more or that are in nonaccrual status. 

14 
QUARTERLY 2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

TABLE V-A. Loan Performance, All FDIC-Insured Institutions 

Asset Size Distribution Geographic Regions* 

Less Than $100 $1 Billion $10 Billion Greater 

June 30, 2022 All Insured $100 Million to to to $250 Than $250 Kansas San 

Institutions Million $1 Billion $10 Billion Billion Billion New York Atlanta Chicago City Dallas Francisco 

Percent of Loans 30-89 Days

Past Due 

All loans secured by real estate 0.37 0.82 0.33 0.19 0.35 0.49 0.33 0.40 0.32 0.50 0.46 0.22 

Construction and development 0.45 0.56 0.33 0.20 0.45 0.84 0.56 0.45 0.19 0.59 0.30 0.72 

Nonfarm nonresidential 0.20 0.62 0.22 0.14 0.18 0.29 0.21 0.17 0.18 0.27 0.19 0.17 

Multifamily residential real estate 0.12 0.73 0.15 0.06 0.12 0.15 0.14 0.16 0.04 0.28 0.17 0.05 

Home equity loans 0.34 0.62 0.29 0.24 0.34 0.38 0.30 0.36 0.38 0.42 0.33 0.19 

Other 1-4 family residential 0.55 1.12 0.50 0.32 0.55 0.62 0.48 0.59 0.47 0.72 0.96 0.24 

Commercial and industrial loans 0.38 0.80 0.46 0.40 0.26 0.46 0.21 0.34 0.37 0.63 0.32 0.47 

Loans to individuals 1.09 1.18 1.14 1.34 1.01 1.13 0.83 1.57 0.71 0.97 0.72 1.29 

Credit card loans 0.94 2.49 3.21 2.94 1.09 0.73 1.07 1.15 0.59 0.78 0.47 1.15 

Other loans to individuals 1.21 1.17 1.06 0.99 0.94 1.50 0.67 1.91 0.81 1.34 0.79 1.41 

All other loans and leases (including farm) 0.32 0.38 0.34 0.22 0.29 0.34 0.13 0.29 0.38 0.50 0.15 0.22 

Total loans and leases 0.48 0.79 0.38 0.30 0.46 0.57 0.36 0.59 0.40 0.60 0.43 0.51 

Percent of Loans Noncurrent** 

All real estate loans 1.01 0.87 0.50 0.49 1.01 1.46 1.04 1.01 1.17 1.20 1.12 0.46 

Construction and development 0.45 0.28 0.34 0.36 0.31 0.94 0.87 0.36 0.81 0.22 0.14 0.30 

Nonfarm nonresidential 0.59 0.94 0.49 0.43 0.67 0.68 0.92 0.52 0.58 0.52 0.39 0.44 

Multifamily residential real estate 0.18 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.14 0.20 0.23 0.28 0.17 0.13 0.06 0.10 

Home equity loans 1.89 0.26 0.43 0.38 1.04 3.34 1.67 1.41 2.36 4.13 0.73 0.52 

Other 1-4 family residential 1.52 0.87 0.55 0.71 1.70 1.78 1.41 1.51 1.62 1.71 2.76 0.57 

Commercial and industrial loans 0.64 1.42 0.71 1.13 0.58 0.59 0.90 0.50 0.55 0.72 0.58 0.66 

Loans to individuals 0.64 0.63 0.35 0.75 0.71 0.59 0.69 0.78 0.33 0.64 0.49 0.80 

Credit card loans 0.86 1.11 1.06 2.48 1.00 0.69 1.05 1.01 0.55 0.75 0.78 0.99 

Other loans to individuals 0.46 0.63 0.32 0.37 0.44 0.49 0.45 0.59 0.15 0.43 0.42 0.64 

All other loans and leases (including farm) 0.21 0.86 0.56 0.28 0.18 0.20 0.12 0.18 0.25 0.28 0.15 0.17 

Total loans and leases 0.75 0.92 0.52 0.60 0.77 0.80 0.83 0.71 0.73 0.82 0.90 0.54 

Percent of Loans Charged-Off

(net, YTD) 

All real estate loans -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.03 -0.01 0.02 -0.04 -0.02 -0.01 -0.01 

Construction and development -0.02 0.01 0.00 -0.02 -0.02 -0.04 0.01 -0.05 -0.02 -0.01 -0.01 -0.02 

Nonfarm nonresidential 0.01 -0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 

Multifamily residential real estate 0.00 0.00 -0.01 0.01 0.00 -0.01 0.00 -0.02 0.00 0.01 -0.01 0.00 

Home equity loans -0.18 -0.01 0.00 -0.03 -0.10 -0.31 -0.11 -0.24 -0.24 -0.23 -0.12 -0.05 

Other 1-4 family residential -0.01 0.02 0.00 -0.01 0.01 -0.02 -0.03 0.07 -0.05 -0.01 -0.01 0.00 

Commercial and industrial loans 0.13 0.11 0.09 0.10 0.19 0.09 0.09 0.15 0.14 0.05 0.11 0.23 

Loans to individuals 1.11 0.31 0.49 1.55 1.24 0.99 1.16 1.11 0.77 1.36 0.64 1.32 

Credit card loans 1.92 7.58 2.37 5.69 2.12 1.63 2.27 1.97 1.48 1.78 1.56 2.22 

Other loans to individuals 0.43 0.26 0.41 0.58 0.46 0.38 0.42 0.42 0.22 0.58 0.37 0.60 

All other loans and leases (including farm) 0.12 0.01 0.11 0.07 0.10 0.13 0.08 0.20 0.10 0.15 0.11 0.04 

Total loans and leases 0.23 0.04 0.03 0.11 0.30 0.23 0.21 0.29 0.15 0.24 0.07 0.35 

Loans Outstanding (in billions) 

All real estate loans $5,499.6 $16.9 $524.6 $1,045.2 $2,109.9 $1,803.1 $1,178.2 $935.6 $1,087.3 $865.7 $632.9 $800.0 

Construction and development 429.5 1.1 53.6 111.4 181.3 82.0 81.2 67.6 67.5 60.8 100.4 52.0 

Nonfarm nonresidential 1,709.3 3.5 196.8 448.2 712.7 348.0 394.7 315.8 259.9 215.7 259.3 263.9 

Multifamily residential real estate 557.6 0.4 30.4 115.0 255.3 156.5 189.5 47.1 138.7 55.0 28.9 98.4 

Home equity loans 266.7 0.3 15.2 34.6 103.4 113.2 67.5 58.0 63.4 32.4 18.7 26.8 

Other 1-4 family residential 2,367.6 8.2 176.7 301.6 839.4 1,041.7 439.4 433.5 532.5 411.0 203.7 347.6 

Commercial and industrial loans 2,487.6 2.9 83.8 233.9 904.9 1,262.0 448.9 608.5 565.3 423.8 183.0 258.1 

Loans to individuals 1,961.8 1.6 26.8 87.8 858.0 987.6 365.8 454.4 392.0 297.3 73.9 378.4 

Credit card loans 903.5 0.0 1.0 15.8 403.0 483.7 147.5 201.6 175.9 195.0 16.3 167.1 

Other loans to individuals 1,058.3 1.6 25.8 72.0 455.0 503.9 218.2 252.8 216.0 102.3 57.6 211.3 

All other loans and leases (including farm) 1,824.3 3.0 38.7 67.8 500.5 1,214.3 313.4 345.9 475.4 431.2 73.7 184.6 

Total loans and leases 

(plus unearned income) 11,773.2 24.4 673.9 1,434.6 4,373.3 5,267.0 2,306.3 2,344.4 2,519.9 2,018.1 963.5 1,621.0 

Memo: Other Real Estate Owned 

(in millions) 

All other real estate owned 2,807.3 33.3 489.7 648.4 663.4 972.5 431.3 806.1 556.6 388.8 472.2 152.5 

Construction and development 463.9 4.5 196.2 159.8 86.1 17.2 53.6 108.0 46.3 79.8 143.7 32.5 

Nonfarm nonresidential 1,453.7 13.4 178.6 385.1 272.8 603.9 136.3 538.6 261.3 218.1 255.7 43.7 

Multifamily residential real estate 33.4 6.0 10.8 3.6 12.3 0.7 6.3 4.9 7.3 3.8 3.9 7.1 

1-4 family residential 783.5 8.5 77.3 76.8 273.3 347.7 234.5 152.9 232.2 64.2 52.6 47.0 

Farmland 69.1 0.9 26.7 22.5 18.9 0.0 0.5 1.6 8.8 19.8 16.2 22.1 

* Regions:

New York - Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Puerto Rico, Rhode Island, Vermont,

U.S. Virgin Islands

Atlanta - Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia

Chicago - Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, Ohio, Wisconsin

Kansas City - Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota

Dallas - Arkansas, Colorado, Louisiana, Mississippi, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Texas

San Francisco - Alaska, Arizona, California, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Pacific Islands, Utah, Washington, Wyoming

** Noncurrent loan rates represent the percentage of loans in each category that are past due 90 days or more or that are in nonaccrual status. 

15 
QUARTERLY 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

TABLE VI-A. Derivatives, All FDIC-Insured Call Report Filers 

(dollar figures in millions;

notional amounts unless otherwise indicated) 

2nd 1st 4th 3rd 2nd % Change Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter 21Q2- 2022 2022 2021 2021 2021 22Q2 

Asset Size Distribution 

Less $100 $1 $10 Greater 

Than Million Billion Billion Than 

$100 to $1 to $10 to $250 $250 

Million Billion Billion Billion Billion 

ALL DERIVATIVE HOLDERS 

Number of institutions reporting derivatives 1,252 1,293 1,309 1,359 1,373 -8.8 22 576 508 133 13 

Total assets of institutions reporting derivatives $21,872,180 $22,139,869 $21,896,064 $21,479,713 $21,030,025 4.0 $1,490 $281,558 $1,569,901 $6,751,857 $13,267,374 

Total deposits of institutions reporting derivatives 17,981,317 18,364,364 18,163,546 17,678,275 17,273,942 4.1 1,208 244,495 1,331,156 5,624,683 10,779,774 

Total derivatives 197,417,458 203,157,713 179,313,888 187,643,812 186,058,278 6.1 259 15,291 166,845 4,490,838 192,744,224 

Derivative Contracts by Underlying

Risk Exposure

Interest rate 142,884,395 145,900,886 126,263,464 131,805,985 133,336,701 7.2 259 14,492 160,274 2,503,179 140,206,191 

Foreign exchange* 44,459,158 46,356,513 43,668,294 45,631,510 43,728,636 1.7 0 0 2,615 1,753,893 42,702,650 

Equity 4,327,525 4,489,264 4,256,115 4,649,386 4,255,377 1.7 0 25 67 50,659 4,276,775 

Commodity & other (excluding credit derivatives) 1,779,436 1,905,829 1,584,207 1,703,480 1,631,946 9.0 0 0 37 126,568 1,652,831 

Credit 3,965,766 4,504,316 3,540,460 3,851,976 3,104,095 27.8 0 15 3,435 56,539 3,905,777 

Total 197,416,280 203,156,808 179,312,540 187,642,337 186,056,755 6.1 259 14,532 166,428 4,490,838 192,744,224 

Derivative Contracts by Transaction Type

Swaps 121,285,131 124,396,704 109,290,037 111,083,426 106,973,320 13.4 0 1,910 114,424 2,584,365 118,584,432 

Futures & forwards 32,045,336 33,523,080 31,179,813 35,311,284 37,583,972 -14.7 1 2,247 11,214 1,485,715 30,546,159 

Purchased options 18,595,624 18,875,284 16,490,297 17,182,098 17,945,500 3.6 0 268 10,180 147,398 18,437,778 

Written options 18,956,120 19,054,957 16,963,154 17,050,718 17,894,265 5.9 0 2,074 11,276 142,824 18,799,946 

Total 190,882,210 195,850,024 173,923,300 180,627,526 180,397,057 5.8 1 6,499 147,094 4,360,301 186,368,316 

Fair Value of Derivative Contracts 

Interest rate contracts 77,212 71,615 55,248 63,685 63,874 20.9 0 50 1,648 -3,170 78,683 

Foreign exchange contracts 11,233 11,938 -4,023 11,247 10,331 8.7 0 0 4 1,653 9,576 

Equity contracts 12,308 -3,383 -8,794 -10,413 -13,273 N/M 0 3 3 181 12,122 

Commodity & other (excluding credit derivatives) 22,615 21,140 6,479 15,125 6,125 269.2 0 0 0 436 22,179 

Credit derivatives as guarantor** -18,433 13,388 24,091 22,626 16,825 -209.6 0 2 10 -142 -18,303 

Credit derivatives as beneficiary** 22,643 -14,304 -28,518 -25,285 -21,140 N/M 0 0 1 11 22,631 

Derivative Contracts by Maturity***

Interest rate contracts < 1 year 96,652,671 102,937,031 68,042,238 68,584,592 71,258,977 35.6 14 3,218 16,216 1,133,348 95,499,874 

1-5 years 26,264,413 26,327,302 41,249,959 46,133,350 45,946,825 -42.8 5 1,443 48,003 771,003 25,443,959 

> 5 years 22,988,795 23,008,690 20,474,533 22,927,280 22,280,409 3.2 0 2,790 69,539 459,735 22,456,732 

Foreign exchange and gold contracts < 1 year 33,883,174 34,852,149 30,953,966 31,560,013 30,839,509 9.9 0 0 1,872 1,592,110 32,289,192 

1-5 years 4,545,526 4,822,181 4,863,871 4,723,452 4,557,853 -0.3 0 0 287 112,830 4,432,409 

> 5 years 2,476,418 2,618,402 2,551,933 2,576,222 2,502,654 -1.0 0 0 9 13,841 2,462,568 

Equity contracts < 1 year 4,272,177 4,491,365 3,880,771 4,079,641 3,806,830 12.2 0 7 5 25,993 4,246,173 

1-5 years 911,068 1,000,719 1,055,173 1,135,840 957,152 -4.8 0 18 20 21,002 890,028 

> 5 years 

Commodity & other contracts (including

credit derivatives, excluding gold

174,232 175,183 144,720 159,126 153,371 13.6 0 0 7 1,612 172,612 

contracts) < 1 year 3,007,398 3,560,248 2,195,295 2,417,770 2,234,059 34.6 0 5 180 49,837 2,957,377 

1-5 years 2,653,666 2,658,498 2,569,198 2,478,994 2,137,329 24.2 0 21 730 53,133 2,599,782 

> 5 years 680,264 469,467 236,524 519,222 215,849 215.2 0 71 1,901 9,194 669,099 

Risk-Based Capital: Credit Equivalent Amount

Total current exposure to tier 1 capital (%) 17.5 16.7 19.4 24.9 24.8 0.0 0.7 2.1 5.1 27.8 

Total potential future exposure to tier 1 capital (%) 

Total exposure (credit equivalent amount)

35.2 38.6 34.1 37.3 34.9 0.0 0.3 0.9 5.0 59.6 

to tier 1 capital (%) 52.7 55.4 53.4 62.3 59.7 0.0 0.9 3.0 10.1 87.4 

Credit losses on derivatives  104.6 109.5 17.9 21.2 21.5 386.5 0.0 1.5 0.8 -4.7 107.0 

HELD FOR TRADING 

Number of institutions reporting derivatives 174 180 185 188 190 -8.4 0 16 85 62 11 

Total assets of institutions reporting derivatives 16,824,299 17,113,325 16,931,301 16,663,510 16,311,705 3.1 0 8,818 349,888 4,011,343 12,454,250 

Total deposits of institutions reporting derivatives 13,698,030 14,065,378 13,957,567 13,628,595 13,321,986 2.8 0 7,659 295,803 3,360,641 10,033,927 

Derivative Contracts by Underlying

Risk Exposure

Interest rate 138,593,283 141,764,396 122,237,175 127,448,311 129,126,796 7.3 0 507 44,167 1,072,225 137,476,385 

Foreign exchange 41,401,741 43,028,040 41,349,240 41,961,260 40,661,753 1.8 0 0 2,498 1,644,514 39,754,729 

Equity 4,280,566 4,463,312 4,231,348 4,620,993 4,225,427 1.3 0 0 40 42,668 4,237,859 

Commodity & other 1,737,954 1,865,296 1,543,080 1,664,064 1,592,567 9.1 0 0 18 121,009 1,616,927 

Total 186,013,544 191,121,044 169,360,843 175,694,627 175,606,542 5.9 0 507 46,723 2,880,415 183,085,899 

Trading Revenues:

Cash & Derivative Instruments 

Interest rate**  889 415 278 -323 3,373 -73.6 0 0 0 42 847 

Foreign exchange** 6,363 6,341 3,747 3,998 1,546 311.6 0 0 1 204 6,157 

Equity** 773 1,458 3,534 1,729 2,384 -67.6 0 0 4 -52 822 

Commodity & other (including credit derivatives)** 2,339 2,420 -367 1,510 862 171.3 0 0 0 166 2,173 

Total trading revenues** 10,364 10,634 7,192 6,914 8,165 26.9 0 0 6 359 9,999 

Share of Revenue 

Trading revenues to gross revenues (%)** 

Trading revenues to net operating revenues (%)** 

6.7 7.4 5.2 4.9 5.9 

25.3 28.5 17.5 15.6 18.3 

0.0 0.0 0.2 1.0 8.7 

0.0 0.0 0.5 3.6 33.5 

HELD FOR PURPOSES OTHER THAN TRADING 

Number of institutions reporting derivatives 552 563 578 607 609 -9.4 1 123 290 125 13 

Total assets of institutions reporting derivatives 20,821,362 21,083,173 20,934,677 20,529,303 19,988,674 4.2 61 63,741 1,140,509 6,349,676 13,267,374 

Total deposits of institutions reporting derivatives 17,088,571 17,460,633 17,352,823 16,878,746 16,400,333 4.2 51 54,939 961,455 5,292,352 10,779,774 

Derivative Contracts by Underlying

Risk Exposure

Interest rate 4,266,965 4,110,189 3,998,732 4,322,370 4,172,771 2.3 1 5,967 100,237 1,430,954 2,729,807 

Foreign exchange 513,259 552,305 497,831 542,719 548,414 -6.4 0 0 88 35,381 477,790 

Equity 46,959 25,951 24,767 28,393 29,951 56.8 0 25 27 7,991 38,916 

Commodity & other 41,482 40,534 41,128 39,417 39,380 5.3 0 0 19 5,559 35,904 

Total notional amount 4,868,666 4,728,980 4,562,458 4,932,899 4,790,515 1.6 1 5,992 100,371 1,479,886 3,282,417 

All line items are reported on a quarterly basis. N/M - Not Meaningful

* Includes spot foreign exchange contracts. All other references to foreign exchange contracts in which notional values or fair values are reported exclude spot foreign exchange contracts.

** Does not include banks filing the FFIEC 051 report form, which was introduced in first quarter 2017.

*** Derivative contracts subject to the risk-based capital requirements for derivatives.

**** Credit losses on derivatives is applicable to all banks filing the FFIEC 031 report form and banks filing the FFIEC 041 report form that have $300 million or more in total assets, but is not

applicable to banks filing the FFIEC 051 form. 

16 
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2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

TABLE VII-A. Servicing, Securitization, and Asset Sales Activities (All FDIC-Insured Call Report Filers)* 

(dollar figures in millions) 

% 

2nd 1st 4th 3rd 2nd Change

Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter 21Q2- 2022 2022 2021 2021 2021 22Q2 

Asset Size Distribution 

Less $100 $1 $10 Greater 

Than Million Billion Billion Than 

$100 to $1 to $10 to $250 $250 

Million Billion Billion Billion Billion 

Assets Securitized and Sold with Servicing Retained or with

Recourse or Other Seller-Provided Credit Enhancements 

Number of institutions reporting securitization activities 

Outstanding Principal Balance by Asset Type**

64 62 62 63 60 6.7 1 5 11 38 9 

1-4 family residential loans $286,245 $285,743 $324,821 $344,767 $356,054 -19.6 $0 $5,381 $12,613 $66,918 $201,333 

Home equity loans 6 6 6 6 7 -14.3 0 0 0 6 0 

Credit card receivables 39 12 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 0 39 0 

Auto loans 59 72 169 209 316 -81.3 0 0 0 59 0 

Other consumer loans 1,347 1,169 1,241 1,313 1,388 -3.0 0 0 0 764 582 

Commercial and industrial loans 5,265 6,228 6,624 6,285 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 5,265 

All other loans, leases, and other assets 114,372 111,531 106,355 101,198 95,055 20.3 3 0 7,037 8,665 98,667 

Total securitized and sold 407,333 404,761 439,216 453,778 452,820 -10.0 3 5,381 19,650 76,451 305,847 

Maximum Credit Exposure by Asset Type**

1-4 family residential loans 726 847 1,041 1,016 964 -24.7 0 0 0 438 288 

Home equity loans 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 

Credit card receivables 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 

Auto loans 0 0 2 2 26 -100.0 0 0 0 0 0 

Other consumer loans 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 

Commercial and industrial loans 226 263 275 257 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 226 

All other loans, leases, and other assets 2,525 2,486 2,500 2,414 2,301 9.7 0 0 63 111 2,351 

Total credit exposure 

Total unused liquidity commitments provided to institution’s own

3,477 3,596 3,818 3,689 3,291 5.7 0 0 63 549 2,865 

securitizations 187 225 241 255 67 179.1 0 0 0 0 187 

Securitized Loans, Leases, and Other Assets 30-89 Days

Past Due (%)**

1-4 family residential loans 2.4 2.2 2.1 1.9 1.9 0.0 1.3 0.3 2.2 2.7 

Home equity loans 9.3 8.6 4.4 7.5 1.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 9.3 0.0 

Credit card receivables 2.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.6 0.0 

Auto loans 0.0 0.0 1.6 1.4 2.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

Other consumer loans 2.9 3.4 2.7 2.5 2.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.3 5.1 

Commercial and industrial loans 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

All other loans, leases, and other assets 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.2 

Total loans, leases, and other assets 

Securitized Loans, Leases, and Other Assets 90 Days or More

Past Due (%)**

1.9 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.2 1.8 

1-4 family residential loans 1.4 1.6 1.9 2.2 2.4 0.0 1.6 0.2 1.8 1.3 

Home equity loans 26.0 27.4 28.1 26.3 27.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 26.0 0.0 

Credit card receivables 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

Auto loans 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

Other consumer loans 2.5 2.8 2.5 2.3 2.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.9 4.5 

Commercial and industrial loans 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

All other loans, leases, and other assets 0.7 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.9 0.0 0.0 1.1 0.5 0.7 

Total loans, leases, and other assets 

Securitized Loans, Leases, and Other Assets Charged-off

(net, YTD, annualized, %)**

1.1 1.3 1.5 1.8 2.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 1.1 

1-4 family residential loans 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

Home equity loans 2.3 2.0 2.9 3.0 1.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.3 0.0 

Credit card receivables 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

Auto loans 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

Other consumer loans 0.3 0.1 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.3 

Commercial and industrial loans 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

All other loans, leases, and other assets 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.0 

Total loans, leases, and other assets 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

Seller’s Interests in Institution's Own Securitizations – 

Carried as Securities or Loans *** 

Home equity loans 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 

Credit card receivables 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 

Commercial and industrial loans 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 

Assets Sold with Recourse and Not Securitized 

Number of institutions reporting asset sales 

Outstanding Principal Balance by Asset Type

318 321 329 342 345 -7.8 3 100 144 62 9 

1-4 family residential loans 27,429 29,138 32,291 33,798 37,970 -27.8 18 4,204 11,536 10,595 1,076 

All other loans, leases, and other assets 141,862 140,553 139,554 137,548 135,563 4.6 0 16 243 39,019 102,584 

Total sold and not securitized 169,291 169,691 171,844 171,346 173,533 -2.4 18 4,219 11,780 49,614 103,661 

Maximum Credit Exposure by Asset Type

1-4 family residential loans 9,893 9,796 11,750 12,470 14,644 -32.4 1 417 3,425 5,471 578 

All other loans, leases, and other assets 41,203 40,923 40,576 40,024 39,279 4.9 0 15 38 12,290 28,859 

Total credit exposure 51,095 50,720 52,326 52,494 53,923 -5.2 1 433 3,464 17,761 29,438 

Support for Securitization Facilities Sponsored by

Other Institutions 

Number of institutions reporting securitization facilities

sponsored by others 

36 37 36 37 37 -2.7 0 11 12 6 7 

Total credit exposure 22,526 23,468 21,148 22,380 22,536 0.0 0 0 0 1,491 21,034 

Total unused liquidity commitments 1,995 2,194 425 432 408 389.0 0 0 0 295 1,700 

Other 

Assets serviced for others  

Asset-backed commercial paper conduits

6,111,479 6,045,899 5,881,678 5,809,639 5,704,788 7.1 2,903 157,156 392,375 1,405,363 4,153,681 

Credit exposure to conduits sponsored by institutions and others 

Unused liquidity commitments to conduits sponsored by

5,836 6,289 21,662 20,788 20,683 -71.8 0 0 0 0 5,836 

institutions and others 61,747 64,654 51,794 55,177 54,035 14.3 0 0 0 43 61,704 

Net servicing income (for the quarter) 3,489 4,523 1,627 1,755 204 1,610.3 6 111 523 1,095 1,755 

Net securitization income (for the quarter) -2 -10 150 110 142 -101.4 0 0 4 -31 25 

Total credit exposure to Tier 1 capital (%)** *** 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 0.0 0.1 0.3 2.3 5.1 

* Does not include banks filing the FFIEC 051 report form, which was introduced in first quarter 2017.

** Beginning June 2018, for banks that file the FFIEC 041 report form, all other loans include home equity loans, credit card receivables, auto loans, other consumer loans, and commercial and

industrial loans. 

*** Beginning June 2018, only includes banks that file the FFIEC 031 report form.

  The amount of financial assets serviced for others, other than closed-end 1-4 family residential mortgages, is reported when these assets are greater than $10 million.

** *** Total credit exposure includes the sum of the three line items titled “Total credit exposure” reported above. 

17 
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2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

COMMUNITY BANK PERFORMANCE 

Community banks are identified based on criteria defined in the FDIC’s 2020 Community Banking Study. When 

comparing community bank performance across quarters, prior-quarter dollar amounts are based on community 

banks designated as such in the current quarter, adjusted for mergers. In contrast, prior-quarter ratios are based on 

community banks designated during the previous quarter. 

Net Income Declined From a Year Ago but Increased From a Quarter Ago 

Net Interest Margin Widened 

Loan Growth Was Broad Based 

Credit Quality Remained Favorable Despite Growth in Early-Stage Delinquencies 

Deposit Growth Slowed but Remained Positive 

COMMUNITY BANK NET INCOME 

DECLINED FROM A YEAR AGO BUT 

ROSE FROM A QUARTER AGO 

Community bank quarterly net income declined $523.0 million 

(6.5 percent) from one year ago to $7.6 billion in second quarter 2022. 

Higher noninterest expense, lower noninterest income, losses on the 

sale of securities, and higher provision expense offset growth in net 

interest income. Just over half (52.0 percent) of community banks 

reported an annual decline in net income. The share of unprofitable 

community banks increased from 4.2 percent in the year-ago quarter 

to 5.0 percent. 

Net income increased $583.6 million (8.4 percent), however, from 

one quarter ago because of higher net interest income. Nearly threequarters of community banks (72.8 percent) reported higher net 

income than one quarter ago. 

The community bank pretax return on average assets ratio decreased 

20 basis points from one year ago but rose 9 basis points from one 

quarter ago to 1.34 percent. 

Chart 1 Chart 2 

Contributors to the Year-Over-Year Change in Income Net Interest Margin 

FDIC-Insured Community Banks Percent Community Banks (3.33) 

Industry (2.80) 4.00 $ Billions Positive Factor Negative Factor 

2.0 -$0.52 $1.88 $0.53 -$0.67 $0.71 -$0.64 -$0.15 

1.5 

1.0 

0.5 

0.0 

-0.5 

-1.0 -6% 10% 740% -11% 4% -304% -9% 

Net Net Loan Loss Noninterest Noninterest Realized Income 2.25 Income Interest Provisions Income Expense Gains on Taxes 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Income Securities Source: FDIC. Source: FDIC. 

2.50 

2.75 

3.00 

3.25 

3.50 

3.75 

19 
QUARTERLY 

60 63.9 

40 37.4 

20 21.3 21.9 24.7 

0 

-0.6 

-20 

-40 

-60 -48.8 

Nonfarm Commercial 1–4 Family Construction & Agricultural Nonresidential & Industrial Residential Development Production RE RE 

5.7 7.9 2.3 

2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

Chart 3 Chart 4 

Change in Loan Balances and Unused Commitments Noncurrent Loan Rates for FDIC-Insured Community Banks 

FDIC-Insured Community Banks 

$ Billions 

80 

Change 2Q 2022 vs. 2Q 2021 

Change 2Q 2022 vs. 1Q 2022 

Share of Loan Portfolio Noncurrent 

Percent 

16 

C&D Loans 

Nonfarm Nonresidential RE 

1–4 Family RE 

C&I Loans 

Home Equity 

Farm Loans 

PROVISION EXPENSE INCREASED 

FROM ONE YEAR AGO AND FROM ONE 

QUARTER AGO 

Quarterly provision expense increased $533.4 million from one year 

ago and $317.3 million from one quarter ago to $605.5 million.1

 As 

of second quarter 2022, 105 community banks had adopted current 

expected credit loss (CECL) accounting. Community bank CECL 

adopters reported provision expense of $140.2 million in second 

quarter, an increase of $329.8 million from the previous year and 

an increase of $147.0 million from the previous quarter.2 Provision 

expense for community banks that had not adopted CECL accounting 

totaled $465.3 million, an increase of $203.5 million from one year ago 

and $170.3 million from one quarter ago. 

NET INTEREST MARGIN ROSE 

ANNUALLY AND QUARTERLY 

BECAUSE OF STRONG INTEREST 

INCOME GROWTH 

The average community bank quarterly net interest margin (NIM) rose 

8 basis points from the year-ago quarter and 22 basis points from the 

prior quarter to 3.33 percent. Both annually and quarterly, the pace 

of net interest income growth exceeded the pace of average earning 

asset growth. The quarterly increase in NIM was the largest reported 

since second quarter 1985, when it also rose 22 basis points. Despite the 

improvement, the NIM remains below the pre-pandemic average of 

3.63 percent.3 

The average yield on earning assets rose 3 basis points year over year 

and 25 basis points quarter over quarter, while average funding costs 

fell 5 basis points year over year but rose 3 basis points quarter over 

quarter. 

Loan Balances Source: FDIC. 

14 

37.7 

12.7 12.0 

4.3 

Commercial RE Commercial & Construction & Industrial 0 

2 

4 

6 

8 

10 

12 

Unused 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Commitments Source: FDIC. 

1 Provisions for credit losses include both losses for loans and securities for CECL adopters but only loan losses for non-adopters. 

2 The CECL analysis compares the quarterly provisions of the 105 community banks that identified as CECL adopters in second quarter with their provisions one year ago and 

one quarter ago. 

3 “Pre-pandemic average” refers to the period including first quarter 2015 through fourth quarter 2019. 

20 
QUARTERLY 2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

HIGHER NET INTEREST INCOME 

DROVE ANNUAL AND QUARTERLY 

INCREASES IN NET OPERATING 

REVENUE 

Net interest income rose $1.9 billion (9.6 percent) and caused net 

operating revenue to rise $1.2 billion (4.7 percent) from second 

quarter 2021. Higher interest income on securities (up $937.5 million, 

or 45.4 percent) and interest income on loans secured by farmland 

and nonfarm nonresidential commercial real estate (CRE) (up 

$929.4 million, or 10.5 percent) drove the growth in net interest 

income. More than two-thirds of community banks (69.0 percent) 

reported an increase in net interest income from the year-ago quarter. 

A decline in net gains on loan sales of $1.1 billion (55.7 percent) drove a 

$672.0 million (10.9 percent) decline in noninterest income. 

From one quarter ago, net interest income rose $1.6 billion 

(8.2 percent), while noninterest income fell $41.5 million (0.7 percent), 

resulting in a $1.6 billion (6.2 percent) increase in net operating 

revenue. More than 90 percent (91.9 percent) of community banks 

reported an increase in net interest income from one quarter ago. 

GROWTH IN AVERAGE ASSETS 

OUTPACED GROWTH IN 

NONINTEREST EXPENSE 

Noninterest expense of $16.6 billion was up $709.0 million 

(4.4 percent) from second quarter 2021, driven by an increase of 

$378.8 million (7.9 percent) in “all other noninterest expense.”4 

Higher data processing and legal expenses drove the increase in the 

“all other noninterest expense” category. An increase in salary and 

benefits expense of $268.1 million (2.9 percent) also contributed to the 

annual growth in noninterest expense. While more than two-thirds of 

community banks (70.9 percent) reported higher noninterest expense 

compared with second quarter 2021, noninterest expense as a share of 

average assets declined 2 basis points from second quarter 2021 and the 

community bank efficiency ratio (noninterest expense as a share of net 

operating revenue) rose only 1 basis point from the year-ago quarter. 

ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES TO 

TOTAL LOANS REMAINED HIGHER 

THAN THE PRE-PANDEMIC LEVEL 

The allowance for credit losses (ACL) as a percentage of total loans 

and leases declined 6 basis points from the year-ago quarter to 

1.25 percent as growth in loans and leases outpaced growth in the ACL. 

This ratio is still above the 1.12 percent reported before the pandemic 

in fourth quarter 2019. The coverage ratio increased 54.1 percentage 

points from the year-ago quarter to 245.4 percent, a record high since 

Quarterly Banking Profile data collection began in first quarter 1984, 

as noncurrent loan balances declined and the ACL increased.5 The 

coverage ratio for community banks is 46.4 percentage points above 

the coverage ratio for noncommunity banks. 

4 All other noninterest expense includes, but is not limited to, automated teller machine and interchange expenses, legal fees, advertising and marketing expenses, consulting 

expense, data processing expense, and FDIC deposit insurance assessments. 

5 The coverage ratio is the ratio of the allowance for credit losses to the total of loans that are 90 days or more past due plus the total of loans in nonaccrual status. 

21 
QUARTERLY 2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

COMMUNITY BANK ASSETS 

INCREASED FROM THE PREVIOUS 

QUARTER AND PREVIOUS YEAR 

Total assets increased $20.0 billion (0.7 percent) from the previous 

quarter and $166.9 billion (6.5 percent) from the previous year. Total 

loans and leases, which increased $82.3 billion (4.9 percent) from one 

quarter ago and $125.4 billion (7.7 percent) from one year ago, drove 

the quarterly and annual asset growth. Securities, which increased 

$5.8 billion (0.9 percent) from one quarter ago and $112.6 billion 

(21.7 percent) from one year ago, also contributed to asset growth for 

the quarter and year. 

Declines in cash and balances due from depository institutions of 

$70.3 billion (24.1 percent) from the previous quarter and $83.9 billion 

(27.5 percent) from the previous year offset a portion of the growth in 

total loans and leases and securities. However, the ratio of cash and 

balances due from depository institutions to total assets of 8.0 percent 

is still higher than the pre-pandemic level of 7.0 percent reported in 

fourth quarter 2019. 

QUARTERLY LOAN GROWTH WAS 

BROAD BASED 

Loan balances in all portfolios increased from one quarter ago, 

and 83.4 percent of community banks reported quarterly loan 

growth. Growth in 1–4 family residential real estate loan balances 

of $21.9 billion (5.7 percent) and nonfarm nonresidential CRE loan 

balances of $21.3 billion (4.0 percent) drove the quarterly increase in 

loan balances. 

Loan balances in all portfolios except commercial and industrial (C&I) 

and agricultural production grew from one year ago, and 69.9 percent 

of community banks reported annual loan growth. Growth in nonfarm 

nonresidential CRE loan balances of $63.9 billion (13.1 percent) and 

1–4 family residential real estate loan balances of $37.4 billion 

(10.1 percent) drove the annual increase. C&I loan balances declined 

$48.8 billion (16.9 percent) from second quarter 2021 primarily due to 

Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) loan repayment and forgiveness. 

PPP loan balances declined $90.6 billion (93.8 percent) from second 

quarter 2021. Excluding PPP loans, annual total loan growth would 

have been 14.0 percent and annual C&I loan growth would have been 

21.9 percent. 

22 
QUARTERLY 2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

DEPOSIT GROWTH SLOWED FROM 

THE PREVIOUS QUARTER 

Community banks reported deposit growth of 0.4 percent ($9.4 billion) 

during second quarter 2022. Just over half of community banks 

(52.3 percent) reported an increase in deposit balances from the prior 

quarter. Growth in deposit accounts with less than $250,000 and 

accounts with greater than $250,000 equally contributed to the growth 

in deposits. Growth in domestic deposit balances was in noninterestbearing deposits (up $9.6 billion, or 1.5 percent), while interest-bearing 

deposits declined $525.9 million (0.0 percent). Deposit balances rose 

8.4 percent ($183.8 billion) from one year ago. 

EARLY-STAGE DELINQUENCIES 

ROSE MODERATELY FROM A 

YEAR AGO 

Loans and leases 30 to 89 days past due (past-due loan balances) 

increased moderately from the year-ago quarter (up $264.8 million, or 

5.1 percent). Higher past-due consumer loans (up $320.6 million) drove 

the increase from the year-ago quarter. Still, the past-due rate was 

unchanged from one year ago at 0.31 percent. 

Despite an increase in past-due consumer loans of $149.2 million, total 

past-due loan balances declined $629.8 million (10.3 percent) and the 

total past-due rate fell 5 basis points from first quarter 2022. Consumer 

loans comprised 4.3 percent of total community bank loan and lease 

balances in second quarter 2022. 

NONCURRENT LOAN BALANCES 

DECLINED FROM ONE QUARTER AGO 

Slightly more than half of community banks (51.7 percent) reported 

quarter-over-quarter reductions in the balance of loans and leases 

90 days or more past due or in nonaccrual status (noncurrent 

loan balances). Noncurrent loan balances declined $448.8 million 

(4.8 percent) to $9.0 billion from first quarter 2022. The quarterly 

decline in noncurrent loan balances was mainly attributable to a 

$270.7 million (10.1 percent) decrease in nonfarm nonresidential CRE 

noncurrent balances and a $119.6 million (4.4 percent) decrease in 1–4 

family residential real estate noncurrent balances. The noncurrent rate 

for total loans and leases dropped 3 basis points from first quarter 2022 

to 0.51 percent, the lowest noncurrent rate on record for community 

banks since data collection began in first quarter 1984. 

NET CHARGE-OFFS DECLINED 

FROM ONE YEAR AGO 

Net charge-offs declined $19.3 million (8.9 percent) to $198.4 million 

from second quarter 2021. The largest contributors to the year-overyear decline were the nonfarm nonresidential CRE portfolio (down 

$38.9 million) and the C&I portfolio (down $17.6 million). The net 

charge-off rate for community banks was unchanged from the yearago quarter at 0.05 percent. The consumer loan portfolio was the only 

major loan portfolio with an increase in net charge-off balances from 

the year-ago quarter (up $60.6 million to $118.3 million). 

23 
QUARTERLY 2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

SOME CAPITAL RATIOS INCREASED, 

WHILE OTHERS DECLINED DUE TO 

ASSET GROWTH 

A decline in accumulated other comprehensive income resulting from 

the effect of rising market interest rates on the value of availablefor-sale securities drove a reduction in equity capital of $9.3 billion 

(3.5 percent) to $258.9 billion in second quarter. However, no 

community banks are advanced approach institutions and, therefore, 

their regulatory capital ratios were unaffected. The leverage capital 

ratio for community banks increased 16 basis points to 10.31 percent 

in second quarter 2022, as tier 1 capital formation outpaced growth in 

average assets. The tier 1 risk-based capital ratio among community 

banks that did not file the community bank leverage ratio (CBLR) was 

13.99 percent, down 20 basis points from the prior quarter, as growth 

in risk-weighted assets outpaced tier 1 capital formation. The average 

CBLR for the 1,632 banks that elected to use the CBLR framework was 

11.54 percent, up 21 basis points from first quarter 2022. 

TWO COMMUNITY BANKS OPENED 

AND NO COMMUNITY BANKS FAILED 

IN SECOND QUARTER 2022 

The number of community banks declined to 4,333, down 19 from 

the previous quarter. Three banks transitioned from community to 

noncommunity banks, eight banks transitioned from noncommunity 

to community banks, three community banks ceased operations, 

twenty-three community banks merged during the quarter, and two 

new community banks started reporting. 

Author: 

Angela Hinton 

Senior Financial Analyst 

Division of Insurance and Research 

24 
QUARTERLY 2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

TABLE I-B. Selected Indicators, FDIC-Insured Community Banks 

2022* 2021* 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 

Return on assets (%) 1.07 1.28 1.25 1.09 1.19 1.19 0.96 

Return on equity (%) 10.77 12.02 11.60 9.73 10.24 10.57 8.65 

Core capital (leverage) ratio (%) 10.31 10.14 10.16 10.32 11.15 11.09 10.80 

Noncurrent assets plus other real estate owned to assets (%) 0.36 0.50 0.40 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.78 

Net charge-offs to loans (%) 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.12 0.13 0.13 0.16 

Asset growth rate (%) 3.03 9.15 8.51 14.05 -1.26 2.20 1.12 

Net interest margin (%) 3.22 3.27 3.27 3.39 3.66 3.72 3.62 

Net operating income growth (%) -7.59 46.90 28.12 0.03 -4.14 27.89 0.19 

Number of institutions reporting 4,333 4,490 4,390 4,557 4,748 4,979 5,227 

Percentage of unprofitable institutions (%) 4.92 3.56 3.23 4.52 3.96 3.66 5.72 

* Through June 30, ratios annualized where appropriate. Asset growth rates are for 12 months ending June 30. 

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2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

TABLE II-B. Aggregate Condition and Income Data, FDIC-Insured Community Banks 

(dollar figures in millions) 

Number of institutions reporting

Total employees (full-time equivalent) 

2nd Quarter 1st Quarter 2nd Quarter %Change

2022 2022 2021 21Q2-22Q2 

 4,333 4,352 4,490 -3.5 

386,314 381,175 392,142 -1.5 

CONDITION DATA 

Total assets $2,752,876 $2,728,386 $2,671,925 3.0 

Loans secured by real estate 1,355,472 1,294,696 1,240,865 9.2 

1-4 Family residential mortgages 408,821 387,104 378,984 7.9 

Nonfarm nonresidential 553,030 534,442 511,685 8.1 

Construction and development 139,997 132,295 120,007 16.7 

Home equity lines 42,288 40,052 40,661 4.0 

Commercial & industrial loans 239,264 234,014 300,512 -20.4 

Loans to individuals 76,180 67,650 66,767 14.1 

Credit cards 2,614 2,189 1,970 32.7 

Farm loans 44,513 42,215 45,729 -2.7 

Other loans & leases 49,878 46,579 47,019 6.1 

Less: Unearned income 689 700 1,318 -47.7 

Total loans & leases 1,764,618 1,684,454 1,699,574 3.8 

Less: Reserve for losses* 21,992 21,651 22,325 -1.5 

Net loans and leases 1,742,626 1,662,804 1,677,250 3.9 

Securities** 632,644 622,207 531,292 19.1 

Other real estate owned 952 1,057 1,559 -38.9 

Goodwill and other intangibles 19,524 19,070 18,078 8.0 

All other assets 357,129 423,248 443,747 -19.5 

Total liabilities and capital 2,752,876 2,728,386 2,671,925 3.0 

Deposits 2,378,160 2,365,677 2,269,393 4.8 

Domestic office deposits 2,375,036 2,362,865 2,266,681 4.8 

Foreign office deposits 3,123 2,812 2,712 15.1 

Brokered deposits 58,834 50,978 52,706 11.6 

Estimated insured deposits 1,581,597 1,575,789 1,545,887 2.3 

Other borrowed funds 92,181 73,105 94,416 -2.4 

Subordinated debt 368 283 338 8.7 

All other liabilities 23,146 22,055 23,807 -2.8 

Total equity capital (includes minority interests) 259,017 267,263 283,971 -8.8 

Bank equity capital 258,882 267,132 283,846 -8.8 

Loans and leases 30-89 days past due 5,473 6,081 5,298 3.3 

Noncurrent loans and leases 8,963 9,151 11,670 -23.2 

Restructured loans and leases 4,338 4,305 5,101 -15.0 

Mortgage-backed securities 268,201 272,285 241,257 11.2 

Earning assets 2,577,403 2,559,014 2,508,137 2.8 

FHLB Advances 66,105 48,821 57,668 14.6 

Unused loan commitments 436,082 416,369 383,855 13.6 

Trust assets 392,826 322,452 342,175 14.8 

Assets securitized and sold 28,902 24,567 24,169 19.6 

Notional amount of derivatives 126,636 124,847 145,299 -12.8 

INCOME DATA 

First Half First Half 2nd Quarter 2nd Quarter %Change

2022 2021 %Change 2022 2021 21Q2-22Q2 

Total interest income 

Total interest expense 

Net interest income 

Provision for credit losses*** 

Total noninterest income 

Total noninterest expense 

Securities gains (losses) 

Applicable income taxes 

Extraordinary gains, net**** 

Total net income (includes minority interests) 

Bank net income 

Net charge-offs 

Cash dividends 

Retained earnings 

Net operating income 

$44,473 $44,092 0.9 $23,170 $22,221 4.3 

3,320 4,260 -22.1 1,772 2,015 -12.1 

41,154 39,832 3.3 21,398 20,205 5.9 

894 441 102.7 605 48 1,158.0 

11,041 12,549 -12.0 5,501 6,051 -9.1 

33,042 32,147 2.8 16,646 16,220 2.6 

-543 557 -197.5 -432 214 -302.2 

3,161 3,658 -13.6 1,645 1,859 -11.5 

0 1 N/M 0 1 N/M 

14,554 16,693 -12.8 7,571 8,343 -9.3 

14,545 16,670 -12.7 7,567 8,332 -9.2 

324 413 -21.5 198 221 -10.0 

6,130 6,118 0.2 3,157 3,057 3.3 

8,415 10,552 -20.2 4,410 5,275 -16.4 

14,997 16,228 -7.6 7,918 8,167 -3.0 

* For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, this item represents the allowance for credit losses on loans and leases held for investment and allocated transfer risk.

** For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, securities are reported net of allowances for credit losses.

*** For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, this item represents provisions for credit losses on a consolidated basis; for institutions that have not adopted ASU 2016-13,

this item represents the provision for loan and lease losses.

**** See Notes to Users for explanation. N/M - Not Meaningful 

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2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

TABLE II-B. Aggregate Condition and Income Data, FDIC-Insured Community Banks 

Prior Periods Adjusted for Mergers 

(dollar figures in millions) 

Number of institutions reporting

Total employees (full-time equivalent)

2nd Quarter 1st Quarter 2nd Quarter %Change

2022 2022 2021 21Q2-22Q2 

 4,333 4,331 4,324 0.2 

 386,314 383,402 383,099 0.8 

CONDITION DATA 

Total assets $2,752,876 $2,732,861 $2,585,971 6.5 

Loans secured by real estate 1,355,472 1,291,477 1,199,171 13.0 

1-4 Family residential mortgages 408,821 386,945 371,394 10.1 

Nonfarm nonresidential 553,030 531,759 489,153 13.1 

Construction and development 139,997 132,131 115,282 21.4 

Home equity lines 42,288 39,973 38,923 8.6 

Commercial & industrial loans 239,264 233,536 288,023 -16.9 

Loans to individuals 76,180 69,179 62,931 21.1 

Credit cards 2,614 2,189 1,931 35.3 

Farm loans 44,513 42,192 45,095 -1.3 

Other loans & leases 49,878 46,610 45,240 10.3 

Less: Unearned income 689 694 1,266 -45.6 

Total loans & leases 1,764,618 1,682,301 1,639,195 7.7 

Less: Reserve for losses* 21,992 21,601 21,612 1.8 

Net loans and leases 1,742,626 1,660,699 1,617,583 7.7 

Securities** 632,644 626,805 520,004 21.7 

Other real estate owned 952 1,054 1,518 -37.3 

Goodwill and other intangibles 19,524 19,259 17,639 10.7 

All other assets 357,129 425,044 429,227 -16.8 

Total liabilities and capital 2,752,876 2,732,861 2,585,971 6.5 

Deposits 2,378,160 2,368,741 2,194,320 8.4 

Domestic office deposits 2,375,036 2,365,929 2,191,482 8.4 

Foreign office deposits 3,123 2,812 2,837 10.1 

Brokered deposits 58,834 51,247 52,785 11.5 

Estimated insured deposits 1,581,597 1,576,353 1,500,915 5.4 

Other borrowed funds 92,181 73,204 91,572 0.7 

Subordinated debt 368 283 328 12.0 

All other liabilities 23,146 22,308 23,518 -1.6 

Total equity capital (includes minority interests) 259,017 268,322 276,233 -6.2 

Bank equity capital 258,882 268,191 276,107 -6.2 

Loans and leases 30-89 days past due 5,473 6,103 5,209 5.1 

Noncurrent loans and leases 8,963 9,412 11,869 -24.5 

Restructured loans and leases 4,338 4,338 4,975 -12.8 

Mortgage-backed securities 268,201 272,610 232,610 15.3 

Earning assets 2,577,403 2,563,275 2,427,087 6.2 

FHLB Advances 66,105 48,641 55,754 18.6 

Unused loan commitments 436,082 415,613 363,346 20.0 

Trust assets 392,826 402,935 406,854 -3.4 

Assets securitized and sold 28,902 24,567 29,415 -1.7 

Notional amount of derivatives 126,636 127,540 142,225 -11.0 

INCOME DATA 

First Half First Half 2nd Quarter 2nd Quarter %Change

2022 2021 %Change 2022 2021 21Q2-22Q2 

Total interest income 

Total interest expense 

Net interest income 

Provision for credit losses*** 

Total noninterest income 

Total noninterest expense 

Securities gains (losses) 

Applicable income taxes 

Extraordinary gains, net**** 

Total net income (includes minority interests) 

Bank net income 

Net charge-offs 

Cash dividends 

Retained earnings 

Net operating income 

$44,473 $42,579 4.4 $23,170 $21,476 7.9 

3,320 4,123 -19.5 1,772 1,954 -9.3 

41,154 38,456 7.0 21,398 19,523 9.6 

894 488 83.0 605 72 739.7 

11,041 12,818 -13.9 5,501 6,173 -10.9 

33,042 31,567 4.7 16,646 15,937 4.4 

-543 564 -196.4 -432 212 -304.0 

3,161 3,554 -11.1 1,645 1,799 -8.6 

0 1 N/M 0 1 N/M 

14,554 16,230 -10.3 7,571 8,101 -6.5 

14,545 16,206 -10.3 7,567 8,090 -6.5 

324 413 -21.4 198 218 -8.9 

6,130 6,038 1.5 3,157 3,010 4.9 

8,415 10,168 -17.2 4,410 5,080 -13.2 

14,997 15,759 -4.8 7,918 7,926 -0.1 

* For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, this item represents the allowance for credit losses on loans and leases held for investment and allocated transfer risk.

** For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, securities are reported net of allowances for credit losses.

*** For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, this item represents provisions for credit losses on a consolidated basis; for institutions that have not adopted ASU 2016-13,

this item represents the provision for loan and lease losses.

**** See Notes to Users for explanation. N/M - Not Meaningful 

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2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

TABLE III-B. Aggregate Condition and Income Data by Geographic Region, FDIC-Insured Community Banks 

Second Quarter 2022 

(dollar figures in millions) 

Number of institutions reporting 

Total employees (full-time equivalent) 

All Community

Banks 

Geographic Regions* 

New York Atlanta Chicago Kansas City Dallas San Francisco 

4,333 

386,314 

485 490 949 1,172 974 263 

79,317 40,779 77,781 70,118 84,488 33,831 

CONDITION DATA 

Total assets $2,752,876 $690,416 $292,544 $484,807 $468,503 $538,385 $278,221 

Loans secured by real estate 1,355,472 388,532 142,640 230,642 214,057 247,869 131,732 

1-4 Family residential mortgages 408,821 141,014 40,330 65,948 59,468 73,011 29,050 

Nonfarm nonresidential 553,030 147,175 67,618 92,553 75,668 104,355 65,660 

Construction and development 139,997 27,397 17,352 20,182 22,487 40,489 12,091 

Home equity lines 42,288 11,704 5,571 9,202 4,931 5,016 5,863 

Commercial & industrial loans 239,264 54,086 23,192 47,135 45,655 47,973 21,224 

Loans to individuals 76,180 18,886 7,070 12,780 12,754 13,903 10,787 

Credit cards 2,614 388 108 169 956 248 745 

Farm loans 44,513 553 1,346 7,240 24,806 7,933 2,634 

Other loans & leases 49,878 15,649 3,159 10,469 7,018 9,113 4,469 

Less: Unearned income 689 118 115 63 96 171 126 

Total loans & leases 1,764,618 477,589 177,292 308,203 304,193 326,620 170,720 

Less: Reserve for losses** 21,992 5,128 2,165 3,908 4,226 4,218 2,346 

Net loans and leases 1,742,626 472,461 175,127 304,295 299,967 322,401 168,374 

Securities*** 632,644 135,483 67,016 117,394 111,783 134,017 66,950 

Other real estate owned 952 175 129 194 191 217 46 

Goodwill and other intangibles 19,524 5,259 1,098 3,834 3,091 3,902 2,340 

All other assets 357,129 77,038 49,173 59,090 53,470 77,847 40,511 

Total liabilities and capital 2,752,876 690,416 292,544 484,807 468,503 538,385 278,221 

Deposits 2,378,160 584,135 257,877 417,804 404,817 472,652 240,875 

Domestic office deposits 2,375,036 582,861 257,871 417,804 404,817 472,652 239,031 

Foreign office deposits 3,123 1,273 6 0 0 0 1,844 

Brokered deposits 58,834 24,823 3,310 8,766 9,114 8,885 3,936 

Estimated insured deposits 1,581,597 389,786 164,591 298,691 291,505 300,155 136,869 

Other borrowed funds 92,181 27,806 7,012 18,970 18,074 13,180 7,140 

Subordinated debt 368 190 6 16 6 139 10 

All other liabilities 23,146 8,417 2,108 3,259 2,984 3,313 3,065 

Total equity capital (includes minority

interests) 

259,017 69,869 25,541 44,758 42,617 49,102 27,130 

Bank equity capital 258,882 69,839 25,539 44,665 42,616 49,095 27,129 

Loans and leases 30-89 days past due 5,473 1,186 563 881 964 1,457 422 

Noncurrent loans and leases 8,963 2,774 610 1,529 1,369 2,023 658 

Restructured loans and leases 4,338 1,597 334 889 638 522 357 

Mortgage-backed securities 268,201 69,167 30,059 43,479 38,011 50,878 36,608 

Earning assets 2,577,403 647,308 273,788 453,002 439,756 503,185 260,365 

FHLB Advances 66,105 21,419 5,415 13,062 13,231 9,263 3,713 

Unused loan commitments 436,082 104,510 39,342 77,099 85,051 81,518 48,562 

Trust assets 392,826 136,697 12,370 62,205 116,591 43,095 21,869 

Assets securitized and sold 28,902 10,562 35 3,892 4,475 9,458 481 

Notional amount of derivatives 126,636 50,542 10,315 17,442 22,208 14,594 11,536 

INCOME DATA 

Total interest income $23,170 $5,699 $2,425 $3,973 $3,995 $4,748 $2,331 

Total interest expense 1,772 480 158 312 351 349 123 

Net interest income 21,398 5,219 2,267 3,661 3,644 4,399 2,208 

Provision for credit losses  605 139 71 68 100 153 74 

Total noninterest income 5,501 1,188 513 1,216 956 1,058 571 

Total noninterest expense 16,646 3,964 1,769 2,966 2,803 3,344 1,800 

Securities gains (losses) -432 -370 -13 -21 -10 -13 -4 

Applicable income taxes 1,645 447 170 327 241 237 223 

Extraordinary gains, net** *** 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

Total net income (includes minority interests) 7,571 1,487 757 1,494 1,445 1,710 678 

Bank net income 7,567 1,484 757 1,493 1,445 1,710 678 

Net charge-offs 198 52 19 16 40 45 26 

Cash dividends 3,157 670 198 787 671 537 295 

Retained earnings 4,410 814 559 707 775 1,173 382 

Net operating income 7,918 1,782 767 1,512 1,454 1,722 681 

* See Table V-A for explanation.

** For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, this item represents the allowance for credit losses on loans and leases held for investment and allocated transfer risk.

*** For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, securities are reported net of allowances for credit losses.

  For institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13, this item represents provisions for credit losses on a consolidated basis; for institutions that have not adopted ASU 2016-13,

this item represents the provision for loan and lease losses.

** *** See Notes to Users for explanation. 

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2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

Table IV-B. Second Quarter 2022, FDIC-Insured Community Banks 

Performance ratios (annualized, %) 

Yield on earning assets 

All Community Banks Second Quarter 2022, Geographic Regions*

 2nd Quarter 1st Quarter 

2022 2022 New York Atlanta Chicago Kansas City Dallas San Francisco 

3.61 3.36 3.54 3.56 3.51 3.63 3.79 3.60 

Cost of funding earning assets 0.28 0.24 0.30 0.23 0.28 0.32 0.28 0.19 

Net interest margin 3.33 3.11 3.24 3.33 3.23 3.32 3.51 3.41 

Noninterest income to assets 0.80 0.77 0.69 0.71 1.00 0.82 0.79 0.83 

Noninterest expense to assets 2.43 2.39 2.31 2.43 2.45 2.40 2.50 2.61 

Loan and lease loss provision to assets 0.09 0.04 0.08 0.10 0.06 0.09 0.11 0.11 

Net operating income to assets 1.16 1.04 1.04 1.05 1.25 1.24 1.29 0.99 

Pretax return on assets 1.34 1.25 1.13 1.27 1.50 1.44 1.45 1.30 

Return on assets 1.10 1.03 0.86 1.04 1.23 1.24 1.28 0.98 

Return on equity 11.49 10.11 8.44 11.58 12.99 13.26 13.66 9.95 

Net charge-offs to loans and leases 0.05 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.02 0.05 0.06 0.06 

Loan and lease loss provision to net charge-offs 305.15 230.26 267.25 367.24 427.14 248.58 336.81 291.09 

Efficiency ratio 61.54 64.23 61.59 63.15 60.43 60.52 60.98 64.56 

Net interest income to operating revenue 79.55 79.05 81.46 81.54 75.07 79.22 80.61 79.46 

% of unprofitable institutions 4.98 5.79 10.31 6.73 5.27 3.07 3.18 6.08 

% of institutions with earnings gains 48.03 36.93 54.02 60.82 45.42 34.04 57.80 48.67 

Table V-B. First Half 2022, FDIC-Insured Community Banks 

Performance ratios (%) 

Yield on earning assets 

All Community Banks First Half 2022, Geographic Regions* 

First Half First Half 

2022 2021 New York Atlanta Chicago Kansas City Dallas San Francisco 

3.48 3.61 3.43 3.44 3.38 3.51 3.66 3.43 

Cost of funding earning assets 0.26 0.35 0.28 0.22 0.26 0.30 0.26 0.17 

Net interest margin 3.22 3.27 3.15 3.22 3.12 3.20 3.40 3.25 

Noninterest income to assets 0.81 0.96 0.71 0.71 1.02 0.82 0.82 0.79 

Noninterest expense to assets 2.43 2.47 2.36 2.44 2.43 2.39 2.48 2.50 

Loan and lease loss provision to assets 0.07 0.03 0.06 0.07 0.05 0.06 0.10 0.05 

Net operating income to assets 1.10 1.25 0.97 0.99 1.19 1.18 1.24 0.97 

Pretax return on assets 1.30 1.56 1.12 1.19 1.44 1.37 1.41 1.28 

Return on assets 1.07 1.28 0.86 0.97 1.18 1.17 1.24 0.97 

Return on equity 10.77 12.02 8.24 10.38 12.02 12.11 12.75 9.62 

Net charge-offs to loans and leases 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.01 

Loan and lease loss provision to net charge-offs 275.43 106.63 187.07 314.38 444.85 242.10 292.66 696.95 

Efficiency ratio 62.95 61.02 63.95 65.19 61.41 62.03 61.84 64.88 

Net interest income to operating revenue 78.85 76.04 80.75 81.05 74.18 78.66 79.55 79.44 

% of unprofitable institutions 4.92 3.56 9.48 6.73 5.27 2.99 3.18 6.84 

% of institutions with earnings gains 40.36 74.45 48.25 53.27 36.46 25.60 50.92 42.59 

* See Table V-A for explanation. 

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2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

Table VI-B. Loan Performance, FDIC-Insured Community Banks 

June 30, 2022 

Percent of Loans 30-89 Days Past Due 

All Community

Banks 

Geographic Regions* 

New York Atlanta Chicago Kansas City Dallas San Francisco 

All loans secured by real estate 0.25 0.19 0.25 0.27 0.27 0.35 0.14 

Construction and development 0.24 0.11 0.15 0.25 0.29 0.35 0.20 

Nonfarm nonresidential 0.17 0.14 0.15 0.20 0.21 0.18 0.11 

Multifamily residential real estate 0.09 0.09 0.14 0.06 0.11 0.14 0.04 

Home equity loans 0.27 0.26 0.27 0.24 0.28 0.35 0.26 

Other 1-4 family residential 0.40 0.29 0.45 0.47 0.40 0.61 0.21 

Commercial and industrial loans 0.39 0.34 0.59 0.32 0.32 0.41 0.57 

Loans to individuals 1.25 1.28 0.96 0.58 1.10 2.38 0.91 

Credit card loans 2.93 1.79 2.10 0.78 4.66 1.25 2.48 

Other loans to individuals 1.19 1.27 0.94 0.58 0.81 2.40 0.80 

All other loans and leases (including farm) 0.24 0.08 0.17 0.18 0.30 0.40 0.21 

Total loans and leases 0.31 0.25 0.32 0.29 0.32 0.45 0.25 

Percent of Loans Noncurrent 

All loans secured by real estate 0.48 0.55 0.32 0.53 0.43 0.59 0.30 

Construction and development 0.35 0.70 0.16 0.39 0.32 0.17 0.38 

Nonfarm nonresidential 0.44 0.50 0.25 0.54 0.44 0.49 0.25 

Multifamily residential real estate 0.20 0.28 0.17 0.21 0.09 0.07 0.06 

Home equity loans 0.38 0.49 0.20 0.35 0.33 0.25 0.54 

Other 1-4 family residential 0.64 0.67 0.50 0.63 0.37 0.98 0.35 

Commercial and industrial loans 0.69 1.05 0.50 0.51 0.53 0.68 0.77 

Loans to individuals 0.48 0.36 0.28 0.22 0.35 1.26 0.28 

Credit card loans 1.22 1.18 0.39 0.16 1.43 0.37 1.60 

Other loans to individuals 0.45 0.34 0.28 0.22 0.26 1.27 0.18 

All other loans and leases (including farm) 0.40 0.07 0.32 0.26 0.51 0.43 0.98 

Total loans and leases 0.51 0.58 0.34 0.50 0.45 0.62 0.39 

Percent of Loans Charged-Off (net, YTD) 

All loans secured by real estate 0.00 0.01 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.01 

Construction and development 0.00 0.06 -0.04 -0.01 -0.01 -0.02 -0.02 

Nonfarm nonresidential 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.00 -0.01 

Multifamily residential real estate 0.01 0.02 0.00 -0.01 0.03 -0.03 -0.01 

Home equity loans -0.01 -0.02 -0.03 -0.02 -0.01 0.01 0.02 

Other 1-4 family residential -0.01 0.00 -0.02 -0.01 -0.01 0.00 -0.01 

Commercial and industrial loans 0.06 0.13 0.13 0.04 0.02 0.17 -0.28 

Loans to individuals 0.64 0.65 0.66 0.18 0.85 0.68 0.94 

Credit card loans 4.96 2.93 0.45 0.91 9.67 1.18 2.39 

Other loans to individuals 0.50 0.60 0.66 0.17 0.16 0.67 0.84 

All other loans and leases (including farm) 0.06 0.05 0.09 0.04 0.02 0.11 0.18 

Total loans and leases 0.04 0.05 0.04 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.01 

Loans Outstanding (in billions) 

All loans secured by real estate $1,355.5 $388.5 $142.6 $230.6 $214.1 $247.9 $131.7 

Construction and development 140.0 27.4 17.4 20.2 22.5 40.5 12.1 

Nonfarm nonresidential 553.0 147.2 67.6 92.6 75.7 104.4 65.7 

Multifamily residential real estate 130.3 58.8 7.2 24.6 15.0 9.7 15.1 

Home equity loans 42.3 11.7 5.6 9.2 4.9 5.0 5.9 

Other 1-4 family residential 408.8 141.0 40.3 65.9 59.5 73.0 29.1 

Commercial and industrial loans 239.3 54.1 23.2 47.1 45.7 48.0 21.2 

Loans to individuals 76.2 18.9 7.1 12.8 12.8 13.9 10.8 

Credit card loans 2.6 0.4 0.1 0.2 1.0 0.2 0.7 

Other loans to individuals 73.6 18.5 7.0 12.6 11.8 13.7 10.0 

All other loans and leases (including farm) 94.4 16.2 4.5 17.7 31.8 17.0 7.1 

Total loans and leases 1,765.3 477.7 177.4 308.3 304.3 326.8 170.8 

Memo: Unfunded Commitments (in millions) 

Total Unfunded Commitments 436,082 104,510 39,342 77,099 85,051 81,518 48,562 

Construction and development: 1-4 family

residential 

44,294 7,632 6,772 4,860 6,677 14,613 3,740 

Construction and development: CRE and other 102,834 28,570 9,830 17,191 15,528 22,786 8,929 

Commercial and industrial 126,560 31,295 9,865 26,123 22,923 22,362 13,993 

* See Table V-A for explanation.

Note: Noncurrent loan rates represent the percentage of loans in each category that are past due 90 days or more or that are in nonaccrual status. 

30 
QUARTERLY 2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

INSURANCE FUND INDICATORS 

Deposit Insurance Fund Increases by $1.4 Billion 

Insured Deposits Fall by 0.7 Percent 

DIF Reserve Ratio Rises to 1.26 Percent 

During the second quarter, the Deposit Insurance Fund (DIF) balance 

increased by $1.4 billion to $124.5 billion after declining in the first 

quarter. In total, the DIF balance has increased by about $1.3 billion over 

the first half of 2022. Assessment revenue of $2.1 billion was the largest 

source of income. Interest earned on investments of $225 million, 

negative provisions for insurance losses of $86 million, and other 

miscellaneous income of $29 million also added to the fund balance. 

Operating expenses of $460 million and unrealized losses on availablefor-sale securities of $547 million partially offset the increase in the 

fund balance. No insured institutions failed in the second quarter. 

The deposit insurance assessment base—average consolidated total 

assets minus average tangible equity—rose by 0.5 percent in the second 

quarter and 6.4 percent over 12 months.1,2 Total estimated insured 

deposits decreased by 0.7 percent in the second quarter of 2022 and 

increased by 4.3 percent year over year. The DIF’s reserve ratio (the 

fund balance as a percent of insured deposits) was 1.26 percent on 

June 30, 2022, 3 basis points higher than the previous quarter and 

1 basis point lower than the previous year. 

The FDIC adopted a restoration plan on September 15, 2020, that would 

return the reserve ratio to 1.35 percent, the statutory minimum, by 

September 2028 as required by law. During its most recent progress 

report to the Board, the FDIC projected that the reserve ratio is at risk 

of not reaching 1.35 percent by the statutory deadline. In June, the 

FDIC amended the restoration plan and approved a notice of proposed 

rulemaking to increase initial base deposit insurance assessment rates 

by 2 basis points, beginning with the first quarterly assessment period 

of 2023.3 

These actions were undertaken to improve the likelihood that the reserve 

ratio reaches the statutory minimum of 1.35 percent before the statutory 

deadline while reducing the potential for a pro-cyclical increase in 

assessment rates should the banking industry enter a period of stress 

in the interim. The FDIC continues to incorporate recent data into its 

projections of the reserve ratio. The reserve ratio increased by 3 basis 

points during the second quarter, but fell by 1 basis point over the last 

year as excess insured deposits that entered the banking system during 

1 There are additional adjustments to the assessment base for banker’s banks and custodial banks. 

2 Figures for estimated insured deposits and the assessment base include insured branches of foreign banks, in addition to insured commercial banks and savings institutions. 

3 See https://www.fdic.gov/news/financial-institution-letters/2022/fil22026.html. 

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QUARTERLY 2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

the pandemic have not yet receded. The proposed change in assessment 

rates is further intended to support growth toward the FDIC’s long-term 

goal of a 2 percent reserve ratio, an essential complementary objective. 

The comment period on the proposed rulemaking to increase assessment 

rates closed on August 20, and comments received will be carefully 

considered before finalizing the rule. 

Author: 

Charles James 

Financial Economist 

Division of Insurance and Research 

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2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

Table I-C. Insurance Fund Balances and Selected Indicators 

(dollar figures in millions) 

Deposit Insurance Fund* 

2nd 

Quarter 

2022 

1st 

Quarter 

2022 

4th 

Quarter 

2021 

3rd 

Quarter 

2021 

2nd 

Quarter 

2021 

1st 

Quarter 

2021 

4th 

Quarter 

2020 

3rd 

Quarter 

2020 

2nd 

Quarter 

2020 

1st 

Quarter 

2020 

4th 

Quarter 

2019 

3rd 

Quarter 

2019 

2nd 

Quarter 

2019 

Beginning Fund Balance $123,039 $123,141 $121,935 $120,547 $119,362 $117,897 $116,434 $114,651 $113,206 $110,347 $108,940 $107,446 $104,870 

Changes in Fund

Balance: 

Assessments earned 

Interest earned on 

investment securities 

Realized gain on sale of

investments 

Operating expenses 

Provision for insurance 

losses 

All other income, 

net of expenses 

Unrealized gain/(loss) on

available-for-sale 

securities** 

Total fund balance change 

2,086 

225 

0 

460 

-86 

29 

-547 

1,419 

1,938 

191 

0 

453 

100 

8 

-1,686 

-102 

1,967 

197 

0 

475 

8 

61 

-536 

1,206 

1,662 

221 

0 

448 

-53 

65 

-165 

1,388 

1,589 

251 

0 

466 

-42 

2 

-233 

1,185 

1,862 

284 

0 

454 

-57 

1 

-285 

1,465 

1,884 

330 

0 

470 

-48 

9 

-338 

1,463 

2,047 

392 

0 

451 

-74 

5 

-284 

1,783 

1,790 

454 

0 

465 

-47 

2 

-383 

1,445 

1,372 

507 

0 

460 

12 

2 

1,450 

2,859 

1,272 

531 

0 

460 

-88 

21 

-45 

1,407 

1,111 

544 

0 

443 

-192 

4 

86 

1,494 

1,187 

535 

0 

459 

-610 

9 

694 

2,576 

Ending Fund Balance 

Percent change from

four quarters earlier 

124,458 

3.24 

123,039 

3.08 

123,141 

4.45 

121,935 

4.72 

120,547 

5.14 

119,362 

5.44 

117,897 

6.84 

116,434 

6.88 

114,651 

6.71 

113,206 

7.95 

110,347 

7.54 

108,940 

8.72 

107,446 

10.10 

Reserve Ratio (%) 1.26 1.23 1.26 1.27 1.27 1.25 1.29 1.30 1.30 1.38 1.41 1.41 1.40 

Estimated Insured 

Deposits 

Percent change from

four quarters earlier 

9,903,815 

4.30 

9,974,705 

4.77 

9,745,817 

6.75 

9,590,067 

7.42 

9,495,084 

7.39 

9,520,200 

16.36 

9,129,574 

16.67 

8,927,666 

15.28 

8,841,564 

14.90 

8,181,857 

6.27 

7,824,835 

4.01 

7,744,445 

4.95 

7,695,179 

4.62 

Domestic Deposits 

Percent change from

four quarters earlier 

18,127,799 

5.37 

18,426,380 

8.52 

18,236,887 

11.62 

17,676,691 

12.47 

17,203,234 

10.53 

16,980,316 

18.31 

16,339,026 

23.19 

15,716,702 

20.71 

15,563,637 

21.70 

14,351,881 

12.78 

13,262,843 

4.77 

13,020,253 

5.27 

12,788,773 

4.14 

Assessment Base*** 

Percent change from

four quarters earlier 

20,926,838 

6.37 

20,831,238 

8.50 

20,574,485 

9.46 

20,018,965 

8.47 

19,673,245 

8.36 

19,199,588 

16.45 

18,796,137 

16.32 

18,456,376 

16.03 

18,155,444 

15.75 

16,487,165 

5.94 

16,159,565 

4.57 

15,906,660 

4.45 

15,685,209 

3.78 

Number of Institutions 

Reporting 4,780 4,805 4,848 4,923 4,959 4,987 5,011 5,042 5,075 5,125 5,186 5,267 5,312 

Table II-C. Problem Institutions and Failed Institutions 

(dollar figures in millions) 2022  2021** ** 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 

Problem Institutions 

Number of institutions 40 51 44 56 51 60 95 123 

Total assets***** $170,387 $45,823 $170,172 $55,830 $46,190 $48,481 $13,939 $27,624 

Failed Institutions 

Number of institutions 0 0 0 4 4 0 8 5 

Total assets****** $0 $0 $0 $455 $209 $0 $5,082 $277 

* Quarterly financial statement results are unaudited.

** Includes unrealized postretirement benefit gain (loss).

*** Average consolidated total assets minus tangible equity, with adjustments for banker’s banks and custodial banks.

  Through June 30.

** *** Assets shown are what were on record as of the last day of the quarter.

****** Total assets are based on final Call Reports submitted by failed institutions. 

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2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

1.40 

6/19 

DIF Reserve Ratios 

Percent of Insured Deposits 

Table III-C. Estimated FDIC-Insured Deposits by Type of Institution 

1.41 

9/19 

1.41 

12/19 

1.30 

1.38 

3/20 6/20 

1.30 

9/20 

1.29 

12/20 

1.25 

3/21 

1.27 

6/21 

1.27 

9/21 

1.26 

12/21 

1.23 

3/22 

1.26 

6/22 

Deposit Insurance Fund Balance 

and Insured Deposits 

($ Millions) 

DIF DIF-Insured 

6/19 

9/19 

12/19 

3/20 

6/20 

9/20 

12/20 

3/21 

6/21 

9/21 

12/21 

3/22 

6/22 

Balance 

$107,446 

108,940 

110,347 

113,206 

114,651 

116,434 

117,897 

119,362 

120,547 

121,935 

123,141 

123,039 

124,458 

Deposits 

$7,695,179 

7,744,445 

7,824,835 

8,181,857 

8,841,564 

8,927,666 

9,129,574 

9,520,200 

9,495,084 

9,590,067 

9,745,817 

9,974,705 

9,903,815 

(dollar figures in millions)

June 30, 2022 

Number of 

Institutions 

Total 

Assets 

Domestic 

Deposits* 

Est. Insured 

Deposits 

Commercial Banks and Savings Institutions 

FDIC-Insured Commercial Banks 

FDIC-Supervised 

OCC-Supervised 

Federal Reserve-Supervised 

FDIC-Insured Savings Institutions 

OCC-Supervised 

FDIC-Supervised 

Federal Reserve-Supervised 

4,178 

2,782 

733 

663 

593 

259 

298 

36 

$22,282,476 

4,000,871 

14,666,526 

3,615,079 

1,436,010 

552,228 

399,086 

484,695 

$16,848,337 

3,363,206 

10,753,844 

2,731,286 

1,229,136 

445,669 

323,763 

459,704 

$8,926,455 

1,992,642 

5,644,407 

1,289,405 

936,283 

361,958 

235,188 

339,136 

Total Commercial Banks and Savings Institutions 4,771 23,718,486 18,077,473 9,862,737 

Other FDIC-Insured Institutions 

U.S. Branches of Foreign Banks 9 89,413 50,326 41,078 

Total FDIC-Insured Institutions 4,780 23,807,899 18,127,799 9,903,815 

* Excludes $1.5 trillion in foreign office deposits, which are not FDIC insured. 

Table IV-C. Distribution of Institutions and Assessment Base by Assessment Rate Range 

Quarter Ending March 31, 2022 (dollar figures in billions) 

Number of Percent of Total Amount of Percent of Total 

Annual Rate in Basis Points* Institutions Institutions Assessment Base Assessment Base 

3.01 - 6.00 1,394 

10.01 - 15.00 31

 20.01 - 25.00 0 

1.50 - 3.00 2,866 59.6 $7,130.7 34.23 

29.0 13,103.4 62.90 

6.01 - 10.00 470 9.8 550.3 2.64 

0.6 34.1 0.16 

15.01 - 20.00 44 0.9 12.7 0.06 

0.0 0.0 0.00 

>25.00 0 0.0 0.0 0.00 

* Beginning in the second quarter of 2011, the assessment base was changed to average consolidated total assets minus tangible equity, as required by the Dodd-Frank Act. 

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2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

NOTES TO USERS 

This publication contains financial data and other information for depository 

institutions insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC). These 

notes are an integral part of this publication and provide information regarding 

the comparability of source data and reporting differences over time. 

TABLES I-A THROUGH VIII-A. The information presented in Tables I-A through VIII-A of the FDIC Quarterly 

Banking Profile is aggregated for all FDIC-insured Call Report filers, both 

commercial banks and savings institutions. Some tables are arrayed by 

groups of FDIC-insured institutions based on predominant types of asset 

concentration, while other tables aggregate institutions by asset size and 

geographic region. Quarterly and full-year data are provided for selected 

indicators, including aggregate condition and income data, performance ratios, 

condition ratios, and structural changes, as well as past due, noncurrent, and 

charge-off information for loans outstanding and other assets. 

TABLES I-B THROUGH VI-B. The information presented in Tables I-B through VI-B is aggregated 

for all FDIC-insured commercial banks and savings institutions meeting the 

criteria for community banks that were developed for the FDIC’s Community 

Banking Study, published in December, 2012: https://www.fdic.gov/resources/ 

community-banking/cbi-study.html. 

The determination of which insured institutions are considered community 

banks is based on five steps. 

The first step in defining a community bank is to aggregate all charter-level 

data reported under each holding company into a single banking organization. 

This aggregation applies both to balance-sheet measures and the number 

and location of banking offices. Under the FDIC definition, if the banking 

organization is designated as a community bank, every charter reporting under 

that organization is also considered a community bank when working with data 

at the charter level. 

The second step is to exclude any banking organization where more than 

50 percent of total assets are held in certain specialty banking charters, 

including: credit card specialists, consumer nonbank banks, industrial loan companies, trust companies, bankers’ banks, and banks holding 10 percent or more of 

total assets in foreign offices. 

Once the specialty organizations are removed, the third step involves including 

organizations that engage in basic banking activities as measured by the total 

loans-to-assets ratio (greater than 33 percent) and the ratio of core deposits 

to assets (greater than 50 percent). Core deposits are defined as non-brokered 

deposits in domestic offices. Analysis of the underlying data shows that these 

thresholds establish meaningful levels of basic lending and deposit gathering 

and still allow for a degree of diversity in how individual banks construct their 

balance sheets. 

The fourth step includes organizations that operate within a limited geographic 

scope. This limitation of scope is used as a proxy measure for a bank’s 

relationship approach to banking. Banks that operate within a limited market 

area have more ease in managing relationships at a personal level. Under this 

step, four criteria are applied to each banking organization. They include both 

a minimum and maximum number of total banking offices, a maximum level 

of deposits for any one office, and location-based criteria. The limits on the 

number of and deposits per office are adjusted upward quarterly. For banking 

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2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

offices, banks must have more than one office, and the maximum number of 

offices is 40 in 1985 and reached 87 in 2016. The maximum level of deposits 

for any one office is $1.25 billion in deposits in 1985 and reached $6.97 billion 

in deposits in 2016. The remaining geographic limitations are also based on 

maximums for the number of states (fixed at 3) and large metropolitan areas 

(fixed at 2) in which the organization maintains offices. Branch office data are 

based on the most recent data from the annual June 30 Summary of Deposits 

Survey that are available at the time of publication. 

Finally, the definition establishes an asset-size limit, also adjusted upward 

quarterly and below which the limits on banking activities and geographic 

scope are waived. The asset-size limit is $250 million in 1985 and reached 

$1.39 billion in 2016. This final step acknowledges the fact that most of those 

small banks that are not excluded as specialty banks meet the requirements for 

banking activities and geographic limits in any event. 

SUMMARY OF FDIC RESEARCH 

DEFINITION OF COMMUNITY 

BANKING ORGANIZATIONS 

Community banks are designated at the level of the banking organization. 

(All charters under designated holding companies are considered community 

banking charters.) 

Exclude: Any organization with: 

— No loans or no core deposits 

— Assets held in foreign branches ≥ 10% of total assets 

— More than 50% of assets in certain specialty banks, including: 

•	 credit card specialists

•	 consumer nonbank banks1 

•	 industrial loan companies

•	 trust companies

•	 bankers’ banks

Include: All remaining banking organizations with: 

— Total assets < indexed size threshold2 

— Total assets ≥ indexed size threshold, where: 

•	 Loan to assets > 33%

•	 Core deposits to assets > 50%

•	 More than 1 office but no more than the indexed maximum number of

offices.3 

•	 Number of large MSAs with offices ≤ 2

•	 Number of states with offices ≤ 3

•	 No single office with deposits > indexed maximum branch deposit size.4 

TABLES I-C THROUGH IV-C. A separate set of tables (Tables I-C through IV-C) provides comparative 

quarterly data related to the Deposit Insurance Fund (DIF), problem 

institutions, failed institutions, estimated FDIC-insured deposits, as well as 

assessment rate information. Depository institutions that are not insured 

1 Consumer nonbank banks are financial institutions with limited charters that can make commercial loans or take deposits, but not both. 

2 Asset size threshold indexed to equal $250 million in 1985 and $1.39 billion in 2016. 

3 Maximum number of offices indexed to equal 40 in 1985 and 87 in 2016. 

4 Maximum branch deposit size indexed to equal $1.25 billion in 1985 and $6.97 billion in 2016. 

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2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

by the FDIC through the DIF are not included in the FDIC Quarterly Banking 

Profile. U.S. branches of institutions headquartered in foreign countries and 

non-deposit trust companies are not included unless otherwise indicated. 

Efforts are made to obtain financial reports for all active institutions. However, 

in some cases, final financial reports are not available for institutions that have 

closed or converted their charters. 

DATA SOURCES The financial information appearing in this publication is obtained primarily 

from the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council (FFIEC) 

Consolidated Reports of Condition and Income (Call Reports) and the OTS Thrift 

Financial Reports (TFR) submitted by all FDIC-insured depository institutions. 

(TFR filers began filing Call Reports effective with the quarter ending March 

31, 2012.) This information is stored on and retrieved from the FDIC’s Research 

Information System (RIS) database. 

COMPUTATION METHODOLOGY Parent institutions are required to file consolidated reports, while their 

subsidiary financial institutions are still required to file separate reports. 

Data from subsidiary institution reports are included in the Quarterly Banking 

Profile tables, which can lead to double-counting. No adjustments are made for 

any double-counting of subsidiary data. Additionally, certain adjustments are 

made to the OTS Thrift Financial Reports to provide closer conformance with the 

reporting and accounting requirements of the FFIEC Call Reports. (TFR filers 

began filing Call Reports effective with the quarter ending March 31, 2012.) 

All condition and performance ratios represent weighted averages, which is 

the sum of the individual numerator values divided by the sum of individual 

denominator values. All asset and liability figures used in calculating 

performance ratios represent average amounts for the period (beginning-ofperiod amount plus end-of-period amount plus any interim periods, divided 

by the total number of periods). For “pooling-of-interest” mergers, the assets 

of the acquired institution(s) are included in average assets, since the yearto-date income includes the results of all merged institutions. No adjustments 

are made for “purchase accounting” mergers. Growth rates represent the 

percentage change over a 12-month period in totals for institutions in the 

base period to totals for institutions in the current period. For the community 

bank subgroup, growth rates will reflect changes over time in the number and 

identities of institutions designated as community banks, as well as changes 

in the assets and liabilities, and income and expenses of group members. 

Unless indicated otherwise, growth rates are not adjusted for mergers or 

other changes in the composition of the community bank subgroup. When 

community bank growth rates are adjusted for mergers, prior period balances 

used in the calculations represent totals for the current group of community 

bank reporters, plus prior period amounts for any institutions that were 

subsequently merged into current community banks. 

All data are collected and presented based on the location of each reporting 

institution’s main office. Reported data may include assets and liabilities 

located outside of the reporting institution’s home state. In addition, 

institutions may relocate across state lines or change their charters, resulting 

in an inter-regional or inter-industry migration; institutions can move their 

home offices between regions, savings institutions can convert to commercial 

banks, or commercial banks may convert to savings institutions. 

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ACCOUNTING CHANGES Financial accounting pronouncements by the Financial Accounting Standards 

Board (FASB) can result in changes in an individual bank’s accounting policies 

and in the Call Reports they submit. Such accounting changes can affect the 

aggregate amounts presented in the QBP for the current period and the periodto-period comparability of such financial data. 

The current quarter’s Financial Institution Letter (FIL) and related Call Report 

supplemental instructions can provide additional explanation to the QBP reader 

beyond any material accounting changes discussed in the QBP analysis. 

The current quarter’s Financial Institution Letter (FIL) and related Call Report 

supplemental instructions can provide additional explanation to the QBP reader 

beyond any material accounting changes discussed in the QBP analysis. 

https://www.fdic.gov/news/financial-institution-letters/2022/fil22029.html. 

https://www.fdic.gov/resources/bankers/call-reports/index.html 

Further information on changes in financial statement presentation, income 

recognition and disclosure is available from the FASB. 

https://www.fasb.org/page/index?pageId=standards/index.html 

DEFINITIONS 

(IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER) 

All other assets – total cash, balances due from depository institutions, 

premises, fixed assets, direct investments in real estate, investment in 

unconsolidated subsidiaries, customers’ liability on acceptances outstanding, 

assets held in trading accounts, federal funds sold, securities purchased 

with agreements to resell, fair market value of derivatives, prepaid deposit 

insurance assessments, and other assets. 

All other liabilities – bank’s liability on acceptances, limited-life preferred 

stock, allowance for estimated off-balance-sheet credit losses, fair market 

value of derivatives, and other liabilities. 

Assessment base – effective April 1, 2011, the deposit insurance assessment 

base changed to “average consolidated total assets minus average tangible 

equity” with an additional adjustment to the assessment base for banker’s 

banks and custodial banks, as permitted under Dodd-Frank. Previously the 

assessment base was “assessable deposits” and consisted of deposits in banks’ 

domestic offices with certain adjustments. 

Assessment rate schedule – Initial base assessment rates for small institutions 

are based on a combination of financial ratios and CAMELS component ratings. 

Initial rates for large institutions—generally those with at least $10 billion in 

assets—are also based on CAMELS component ratings and certain financial 

measures combined into two scorecards—one for most large institutions and 

another for the remaining very large institutions that are structurally and 

operationally complex or that pose unique challenges and risks in case of failure 

(highly complex institutions). The FDIC may take additional information into 

account to make a limited adjustment to a large institution’s scorecard results, 

which are used to determine a large institution’s initial base assessment rate. 

While risk categories for small institutions (except new institutions) were 

eliminated effective July 1, 2016, initial rates for small institutions are subject 

to minimums and maximums based on an institution’s CAMELS composite 

rating. (Risk categories for large institutions were eliminated in 2011.) 

The current assessment rate schedule became effective July 1, 2016. Under the 

current schedule, initial base assessment rates range from 3 to 30 basis points. 

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2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

An institution’s total base assessment rate may differ from its initial rate due 

to three possible adjustments: (1) Unsecured Debt Adjustment: An institution’s 

rate may decrease by up to 5 basis points for unsecured debt. The unsecured 

debt adjustment cannot exceed the lesser of 5 basis points or 50 percent of 

an institution’s initial base assessment rate (IBAR). Thus, for example, an 

institution with an IBAR of 3 basis points would have a maximum unsecured 

debt adjustment of 1.5 basis points and could not have a total base assessment 

rate lower than 1.5 basis points. (2) Depository Institution Debt Adjustment: 

For institutions that hold long-term unsecured debt issued by another insured 

depository institution, a 50 basis point charge is applied to the amount of such 

debt held in excess of 3 percent of an institution’s Tier 1 capital. (3) Brokered 

Deposit Adjustment: Rates for large institutions that are not well capitalized or 

do not have a composite CAMELS rating of 1 or 2 may increase (not to exceed 10 

basis points) if their brokered deposits exceed 10 percent of domestic deposits. 

The assessment rate schedule effective July 1, 2016, is shown in the following 

table: 

Total Base Assessment Rates* 

Established Small Banks Large and 

Highly Complex 

Institutions** 

CAMELS Composite 

1 or 2 3 4 or 5 

Initial Base Assessment Rate 3 to 16 6 to 30 16 to 30 3 to 30 

Unsecured Debt Adjustment -5 to 0 -5 to 0 -5 to 0 -5 to 0 

Brokered Deposit Adjustment N/A N/A N/A 0 to 10 

Total Base Assessment Rate 1.5 to 16 3 to 30 11 to 30 1.5 to 40 

* All amounts for all categories are in basis points annually. Total base rates that are not the minimum or 

maximum rate will vary between these rates. Total base assessment rates do not include the depository 

institution debt adjustment.

 ** Effective July 1, 2016, large institutions are also subject to temporary assessment surcharges in order to 

raise the reserve ratio from 1.15 percent to 1.35  percent. The surcharges amount to 4.5 basis points of a large 

institution’s assessment base (after making certain adjustments). 

Each institution is assigned a risk-based rate for a quarterly assessment 

period near the end of the quarter following the assessment period. Payment 

is generally due on the 30th day of the last month of the quarter following the 

assessment period. Supervisory rating changes are effective for assessment 

purposes as of the examination transmittal date. 

Assets securitized and sold – total outstanding principal balance of assets 

securitized and sold with servicing retained or other seller-provided credit 

enhancements. 

Capital Purchase Program (CPP) – as announced in October 2008 under the 

TARP, the Treasury Department purchase of noncumulative perpetual preferred 

stock and related warrants that is treated as Tier 1 capital for regulatory capital 

purposes is included in “Total equity capital.” Such warrants to purchase 

common stock or noncumulative preferred stock issued by publicly-traded 

banks are reflected as well in “Surplus.” Warrants to purchase common stock or 

noncumulative preferred stock of not-publicly-traded bank stock are classified 

in a bank’s balance sheet as “Other liabilities.” 

Common equity Tier 1 capital ratio – ratio of common equity Tier 1 capital 

to risk-weighted assets. Common equity Tier 1 capital includes common 

stock instruments and related surplus, retained earnings, accumulated other 

comprehensive income (AOCI), and limited amounts of common equity Tier 1 

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2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

minority interest, minus applicable regulatory adjustments and deductions. 

Items that are fully deducted from common equity Tier 1 capital include 

goodwill, other intangible assets (excluding mortgage servicing assets) and 

certain deferred tax assets; items that are subject to limits in common equity 

Tier 1 capital include mortgage servicing assets, eligible deferred tax assets, 

and certain significant investments. Beginning March 2020, this ratio does not 

include institutions that have a Community Bank Leverage Ratio election in 

effect at the report date. 

Construction and development loans – includes loans for all property types 

under construction, as well as loans for land acquisition and development. 

Core capital – common equity capital plus noncumulative perpetual preferred 

stock plus minority interest in consolidated subsidiaries, less goodwill and 

other ineligible intangible assets. The amount of eligible intangibles (including 

servicing rights) included in core capital is limited in accordance with 

supervisory capital regulations. 

Cost of funding earning assets – total interest expense paid on deposits and 

other borrowed money as a percentage of average earning assets. 

Credit enhancements – techniques whereby a company attempts to reduce 

the credit risk of its obligations. Credit enhancement may be provided by a 

third party (external credit enhancement) or by the originator (internal credit 

enhancement), and more than one type of enhancement may be associated with 

a given issuance. 

Deposit Insurance Fund (DIF) – the Bank (BIF) and Savings Association (SAIF) 

Insurance Funds were merged in 2006 by the Federal Deposit Insurance Reform 

Act to form the DIF. 

Derivatives notional amount – the notional, or contractual, amounts of 

derivatives represent the level of involvement in the types of derivatives 

transactions and are not a quantification of market risk or credit risk. Notional 

amounts represent the amounts used to calculate contractual cash flows to be 

exchanged. 

Derivatives credit equivalent amount – the fair value of the derivative plus an 

additional amount for potential future credit exposure based on the notional 

amount, the remaining maturity and type of the contract. 

Derivatives transaction types: 

Futures and forward contracts – contracts in which the buyer agrees to 

purchase and the seller agrees to sell, at a specified future date, a specific 

quantity of an underlying variable or index at a specified price or yield. These 

contracts exist for a variety of variables or indices, (traditional agricultural 

or physical commodities, as well as currencies and interest rates). Futures 

contracts are standardized and are traded on organized exchanges which 

set limits on counterparty credit exposure. Forward contracts do not have 

standardized terms and are traded over the counter. 

Option contracts – contracts in which the buyer acquires the right to buy 

from or sell to another party some specified amount of an underlying 

variable or index at a stated price (strike price) during a period or on a 

specified future date, in return for compensation (such as a fee or premium). 

The seller is obligated to purchase or sell the variable or index at the 

discretion of the buyer of the contract. 

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2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

Swaps – obligations between two parties to exchange a series of cash flows 

at periodic intervals (settlement dates), for a specified period. The cash 

flows of a swap are either fixed, or determined for each settlement date by 

multiplying the quantity (notional principal) of the underlying variable or 

index by specified reference rates or prices. Except for currency swaps, the 

notional principal is used to calculate each payment but is not exchanged. 

Derivatives underlying risk exposure – the potential exposure characterized 

by the level of banks’ concentration in particular underlying instruments, in 

general. Exposure can result from market risk, credit risk, and operational risk, 

as well as, interest rate risk. 

Domestic deposits to total assets – total domestic office deposits as a percent 

of total assets on a consolidated basis. 

Earning assets – all loans and other investments that earn interest or dividend 

income. 

Efficiency ratio – Noninterest expense less amortization of intangible assets as 

a percent of net interest income plus noninterest income. This ratio measures 

the proportion of net operating revenues that are absorbed by overhead 

expenses, so that a lower value indicates greater efficiency. 

Estimated insured deposits – in general, insured deposits are total domestic 

deposits minus estimated uninsured deposits. Beginning March 31, 2008, for 

institutions that file Call Reports, insured deposits are total assessable deposits 

minus estimated uninsured deposits. Beginning September 30, 2009, insured 

deposits include deposits in accounts of $100,000 to $250,000 that are covered 

by a temporary increase in the FDIC’s standard maximum deposit insurance 

amount (SMDIA). The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection 

Act enacted on July 21, 2010, made permanent the standard maximum deposit 

insurance amount (SMDIA) of $250,000. Also, the Dodd-Frank Act amended 

the Federal Deposit Insurance Act to include noninterest-bearing transaction 

accounts as a new temporary deposit insurance account category. All funds held 

in noninterest-bearing transaction accounts were fully insured, without limit, 

from December 31, 2010, through December 31, 2012. 

Failed/assisted institutions – an institution fails when regulators take 

control of the institution, placing the assets and liabilities into a bridge bank, 

conservatorship, receivership, or another healthy institution. This action may 

require the FDIC to provide funds to cover losses. An institution is defined as 

“assisted” when the institution remains open and receives assistance in order 

to continue operating. 

Fair Value – the valuation of various assets and liabilities on the balance 

sheet—including trading assets and liabilities, available-for-sale securities, 

loans held for sale, assets and liabilities accounted for under the fair value 

option, and foreclosed assets—involves the use of fair values. During periods of 

market stress, the fair values of some financial instruments and nonfinancial 

assets may decline. 

FHLB advances – all borrowings by FDIC-insured institutions from the Federal 

Home Loan Bank System (FHLB), as reported by Call Report filers, and by TFR 

filers prior to March 31, 2012. 

Goodwill and other intangibles – intangible assets include servicing rights, 

purchased credit card relationships, and other identifiable intangible assets. 

Goodwill is the excess of the purchase price over the fair market value of the 

net assets acquired, less subsequent impairment adjustments. Other intangible 

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2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

assets are recorded at fair value, less subsequent quarterly amortization and 

impairment adjustments. 

Loans secured by real estate – includes home equity loans, junior liens secured 

by 1-4 family residential properties, and all other loans secured by real estate. 

Loans to individuals – includes outstanding credit card balances and other 

secured and unsecured consumer loans. 

Long-term assets (5+ years) – loans and debt securities with remaining 

maturities or repricing intervals of over five years. 

Maximum credit exposure – the maximum contractual credit exposure 

remaining under recourse arrangements and other seller-provided credit 

enhancements provided by the reporting bank to securitizations. 

Mortgage-backed securities – certificates of participation in pools of 

residential mortgages and collateralized mortgage obligations issued or 

guaranteed by government-sponsored or private enterprises. Also, see 

“Securities,” below. 

Net charge-offs – total loans and leases charged off (removed from balance 

sheet because of uncollectability), less amounts recovered on loans and leases 

previously charged off. 

Net interest margin – the difference between interest and dividends earned 

on interest-bearing assets and interest paid to depositors and other creditors, 

expressed as a percentage of average earning assets. No adjustments are made 

for interest income that is tax exempt. 

Net loans to total assets – loans and lease financing receivables, net of 

unearned income, allowance and reserves, as a percent of total assets on a 

consolidated basis. 

Net operating income – income excluding discretionary transactions such as 

gains (or losses) on the sale of investment securities and extraordinary items. 

Income taxes subtracted from operating income have been adjusted to exclude 

the portion applicable to securities gains (or losses). 

Noncurrent assets – the sum of loans, leases, debt securities, and other assets 

that are 90 days or more past due, or in nonaccrual status. 

Noncurrent loans & leases – the sum of loans and leases 90 days or more past 

due, and loans and leases in nonaccrual status. 

Number of institutions reporting – the number of institutions that actually 

filed a financial report. 

New reporters – insured institutions filing quarterly financial reports for the 

first time. 

Other borrowed funds – federal funds purchased, securities sold with 

agreements to repurchase, demand notes issued to the U.S. Treasury, FHLB 

advances, other borrowed money, mortgage indebtedness, obligations under 

capitalized leases and trading liabilities, less revaluation losses on assets held 

in trading accounts. 

Other real estate owned – primarily foreclosed property. Direct and indirect 

investments in real estate ventures are excluded. The amount is reflected net 

of valuation allowances. For institutions that filed a Thrift Financial Report 

(TFR), the valuation allowance subtracted also includes allowances for other 

repossessed assets. Also, for TFR filers the components of other real estate 

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2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

owned are reported gross of valuation allowances. (TFR filers began filing Call 

Reports effective with the quarter ending March 31, 2012.) 

Percent of institutions with earnings gains – the percent of institutions that 

increased their net income (or decreased their losses) compared to the same 

period a year earlier. 

“Problem” institutions – federal regulators assign a composite rating to each 

financial institution, based upon an evaluation of financial and operational 

criteria. The rating is based on a scale of 1 to 5 in ascending order of supervisory 

concern. “Problem” institutions are those institutions with financial, 

operational, or managerial weaknesses that threaten their continued financial 

viability. Depending upon the degree of risk and supervisory concern, they are 

rated either a “4” or “5.” The number and assets of “problem” institutions are 

based on FDIC composite ratings. Prior to March 31, 2008, for institutions whose 

primary federal regulator was the OTS, the OTS composite rating was used. 

Recourse – an arrangement in which a bank retains, in form or in substance, 

any credit risk directly or indirectly associated with an asset it has sold (in 

accordance with generally accepted accounting principles) that exceeds a pro 

rata share of the bank’s claim on the asset. If a bank has no claim on an asset it 

has sold, then the retention of any credit risk is recourse. 

Reserves for losses – the allowance for loan and lease losses on a consolidated 

basis. 

Restructured loans and leases – loan and lease financing receivables with 

terms restructured from the original contract. Excludes restructured loans and 

leases that are not in compliance with the modified terms. 

Retained earnings – net income less cash dividends on common and preferred 

stock for the reporting period. 

Return on assets – bank net income (including gains or losses on securities and 

extraordinary items) as a percentage of average total (consolidated) assets. The 

basic yardstick of bank profitability. 

Return on equity – bank net income (including gains or losses on securities and 

extraordinary items) as a percentage of average total equity capital. 

Risk-weighted assets – assets adjusted for risk-based capital definitions which 

include on-balance-sheet as well as off-balance-sheet items multiplied by 

risk-weights that range from zero to 200 percent. A conversion factor is used 

to assign a balance sheet equivalent amount for selected off-balance-sheet 

accounts. 

Securities – excludes securities held in trading accounts. Banks’ securities 

portfolios consist of securities designated as “held-to-maturity” (reported 

at amortized cost (book value)), securities designated as “available-forsale” (reported at fair (market) value), and equity securities with readily 

determinable fair values not held for trading. 

Securities gains (losses) – realized gains (losses) on held-to-maturity and 

available-for-sale securities, before adjustments for income taxes. Thrift 

Financial Report (TFR) filers also include gains (losses) on the sales of assets 

held for sale. (TFR filers began filing Call Reports effective with the quarter 

ending March 31, 2012.) 

Seller’s interest in institution’s own securitizations – the reporting bank’s 

ownership interest in loans and other assets that have been securitized, 

except an interest that is a form of recourse or other seller-provided credit 

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2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

enhancement. Seller’s interests differ from the securities issued to investors 

by the securitization structure. The principal amount of a seller’s interest is 

generally equal to the total principal amount of the pool of assets included 

in the securitization structure less the principal amount of those assets 

attributable to investors, i.e., in the form of securities issued to investors. 

Small Business Lending Fund – The Small Business Lending Fund (SBLF) was 

enacted into law in September 2010 as part of the Small Business Jobs Act of 

2010 to encourage lending to small businesses by providing capital to qualified 

community institutions with assets of less than $10 billion. The SBLF Program 

is administered by the U.S. Treasury Department (https://home.treasury.gov/ 

policy-issues/small-business-programs/small-business-lending-fund). 

Under the SBLF Program, the Treasury Department purchased noncumulative 

perpetual preferred stock from qualifying depository institutions and holding 

companies (other than Subchapter S and mutual institutions). When this 

stock has been issued by a depository institution, it is reported as “Perpetual 

preferred stock and related surplus.” For regulatory capital purposes, this 

noncumulative perpetual preferred stock qualifies as a component of Tier 1 

capital. Qualifying Subchapter S corporations and mutual institutions issue 

unsecured subordinated debentures to the Treasury Department through 

the SBLF. Depository institutions that issued these debentures report them 

as “Subordinated notes and debentures.” For regulatory capital purposes, 

the debentures are eligible for inclusion in an institution’s Tier 2 capital 

in accordance with their primary federal regulator’s capital standards. To 

participate in the SBLF Program, an institution with outstanding securities 

issued to the Treasury Department under the Capital Purchase Program (CPP) 

was required to refinance or repay in full the CPP securities at the time of 

the SBLF funding. Any outstanding warrants that an institution issued to the 

Treasury Department under the CPP remain outstanding after the refinancing 

of the CPP stock through the SBLF Program unless the institution chooses to 

repurchase them. 

Subchapter S corporation – a Subchapter S corporation is treated as a passthrough entity, similar to a partnership, for federal income tax purposes. It is 

generally not subject to any federal income taxes at the corporate level. This 

can have the effect of reducing institutions’ reported taxes and increasing their 

after-tax earnings. 

Trust assets – market value, or other reasonably available value of fiduciary 

and related assets, to include marketable securities, and other financial and 

physical assets. Common physical assets held in fiduciary accounts include real 

estate, equipment, collectibles, and household goods. Such fiduciary assets are 

not included in the assets of the financial institution. 

Unearned income and contra accounts – unearned income for Call Report 

filers only. 

Unused loan commitments – includes credit card lines, home equity lines, 

commitments to make loans for construction, loans secured by commercial 

real estate, and unused commitments to originate or purchase loans. (Excluded 

are commitments after June 2003 for originated mortgage loans held for sale, 

which are accounted for as derivatives on the balance sheet.) 

Yield on earning assets – total interest, dividend, and fee income earned on 

loans and investments as a percentage of average earning assets. 

44 
QUARTERLY 2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

COMMUNITY BANK PERFORMANCE IN 

MANUFACTURING-CONCENTRATED STATES 

INTRODUCTION The U.S. manufacturing industry has undergone fundamental changes 

in recent decades as production and employment in traditional 

manufacturing has shifted. The changes are important for the 

economies of communities that rely on manufacturing firms and 

for community banks that offer financial services in areas where 

manufacturing firms have a presence. Although some manufacturing 

sectors have declined, others have expanded. Much of the resilience 

in the manufacturing industry in recent decades is aligned with a 

transition in some subsectors to more advanced manufacturing. The 

community banks that lend in manufacturing-concentrated areas 

maintain a higher share of commercial loans in their portfolios, 

suggesting they support manufacturing industries in their areas. 

Community banks headquartered in manufacturing-concentrated 

states also reported higher net interest margins before the 2008 

financial crisis, and a higher pretax return on assets. While the 

manufacturing industry was weakened by the COVID-19 pandemic, it 

recovered much more quickly than in previous recessions, brightening 

the outlook for community banks that support manufacturing 

businesses.1 

Manufacturing continues to be a broad and important segment of 

U.S. output, even as the U.S. economy has evolved. The manufacturing 

industry accounted for roughly 11 percent of gross domestic product 

(GDP) as of 2021.2 Although this share has fallen a few percentage 

points since the early 2000s, it has stayed around 11 percent since 

the end of the 2008 recession. Manufacturing spans a broad range of 

industries (see inset box for firms included in manufacturing) and 

is an important part of economic output across many states. Despite 

decades of structural change in some industry subsectors, many of 

which experienced steady declines in employment, four of the top five 

subsectors in terms of dollar value of production have been consistent 

since 2000. Chemicals, petroleum and coal products, transportation 

equipment, and food manufacturing have all consistently been in the 

five largest subsectors since 2000, and collectively made up more than 

half of total manufacturing output nationwide as of 2021 (Chart 1). 

During the mid to late 2000s, fabricated metal products was pushed out 

1 Community banks in this study are defined using the FDIC definition for community bank as found on page 26 of the Quarterly Banking Profile. For more information on 

community banks, see the 2020 FDIC Community Banking Study. 

2 Calculated from Table 14 of the Bureau of Economic Analysis, “Gross Domestic Product (Third Estimate), Corporate Profits, and GDP by Industry, Fourth Quarter and Year 

2021,” news release BEA 22-13, March 30, 2022. Industry groupings generally follow the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). A detailed discussion of the 

manufacturing sector as classified NAICS code 31 is available from the U.S. Census Bureau at: https://www.census.gov/naics/?input=31&chart=2022&details=31. 

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of the five largest subsectors as computer and electronic products rose 

steadily and became the largest single subsector in December 2020. 

The subsectors with the largest employment have also been broadly 

stable since 2000, especially as the manufacturing industry shed 

jobs in the early 2000s. Food, transportation equipment, fabricated 

metal products, computer and electronic products, and machinery 

are consistently the largest employers in the manufacturing industry, 

and as of 2020 made up more than half of total employment in 

manufacturing nationwide (Chart 1).3 

Chart 1 

The Top Five Manufacturing Subsectors Account for More Than Half of

Total Manufacturing Output and Employment 

Share of Manufacturing Output Share of Manufacturing Employment 

Percent Percent 

18 14 

16 12 

14 

10 12 

10 8

8 6 

6 4 

4 

2 2 

0 0 Computer Chemical Transportation Petroleum Food Food Transportation Fabricated Computer Machinery

and Electronic Equipment and Coal Equipment Metal and Electronic Products Products Products 

Sources: Bureau of Economic Analysis GDP by Industry and Bureau of Labor Statistics Establishment data (Haver Analytics). 

Note: Data as of 2020. 

INDUSTRIES INCLUDED IN MANUFACTURING 

Descriptions of manufacturing activity can evoke images of the production of heavy machinery, like airplanes or 

automobiles, but what American workers produce is much broader. The U.S. Census Bureau industry classification 

of the manufacturing sector comprises any firm that transforms raw materials or assembles components into 

new products. Firms engaged in manufacturing can be plants, factories, mills, or smaller establishments that sell 

on the same premises they produce, like bakeries. Some forms of production that may seem like manufacturing 

are in fact their own industry, construction being one example. The U.S. Census Bureau classifies manufacturing 

firms as those that are engaged in production ranging from food and meat, textiles and apparel, woodworking 

and furniture, petroleum and chemical manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, metals and machinery, and advanced 

technology—including semiconductors and cars—a range of activities indicative of the breadth and depth of 

production in the United States. Manufacturing includes the production of both durable goods that have an average 

life of at least three years, like washing machines or furniture, and nondurable goods that have an average life of 

less than three years, like food or textiles. 

3 Data on output of the manufacturing industry at the national and state level are available from the Bureau of Economic Analysis GDP by State and GDP by Industry. Data on 

employment for the manufacturing industry by subsector are available from the Bureau of Labor Statistics Establishment Data. 

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QUARTERLY 2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

Over the past 20 years, much of the manufacturing in the United 

States has transformed from traditional to advanced manufacturing. 

Other research has studied this transformation to advanced 

manufacturing, defined as any subsector that has a higher amount 

of research and development spending per worker than most other 

industries and requires workers with more degrees in science, 

technology, engineering, and math (STEM).4 The transition to 

advanced manufacturing has been driven by new technologies such 

as robotics, 3-D printing, and the digitization of information. From 

2000 through 2020, manufacturing output in the United States 

increased from $1.8 trillion to $2.2 trillion per year (Chart 2). The 

growth in manufacturing output has largely been driven by the 

advanced manufacturing subsectors listed in Table 1. Output in the 

advanced manufacturing sectors increased from $991 billion in 2000 

to $1.5 trillion in 2020 in inflation-adjusted 2012 dollars. In contrast, 

output from the traditional manufacturing subsectors fell from 

$824 billion in 2000 to $767 billion in 2020 (Chart 2). 

Chart 2 

Advanced Manufacturing Output Has Risen While Traditional Output

Has Declined Since 2000 

600 

800 

1000 

1200 

1400 

1600 Traditional Advanced 

$ Billions (2012 Dollars) 

400 

200 

0 

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 

Sources: Bureau of Economic Analysis Gross State Product and Moody’s Analytics. 

4 For this article, advanced industries are as defined in Mark Muro, Jonathan Rothwell, Scott Andes, Kenan Fikri, and Siddharth Kulkarni, “America’s Advanced Industries: 

What They Are, Where They Are, and Why They Matter,” Brookings Institution, February 2015. Brookings identified 35 advanced manufacturing subsectors by four-digit NAICS 

codes using two criteria: research and development spending per worker and the share of workers with a high degree of STEM knowledge. A subsector qualified as advanced 

manufacturing if it spent more than $450 per worker on research and development activities, which put it in the top 20 percent of all industries, and if the share of workers 

with STEM knowledge exceeded 21 percent, the national average for all industries. Brookings identified 15 additional subsectors spread across energy and services industries 

not included in FDIC calculations for advanced manufacturing. 

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Table 1 

35 Manufacturing Subsectors Constitute Advanced Manufacturing 

Subsector 

Share of 

Manufacturing 

Output 

(Percent) Subsector 

Share of 

Manufacturing 

Output 

(Percent) 

Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing 11.1 Resin, Synthetic Rubber, and Artificial and Synthetic 

Navigational, Measuring, Electromedical, and Fibers and Filaments Manufacturing 0.9 

Control Instruments Manufacturing 6.5 Industrial Machinery Manufacturing 0.8 

Pharmaceutical and Medicine Manufacturing 5.5 Foundries 0.8 

Semiconductor and Other Electronic Component 

Manufacturing 4.4 Motor Vehicle Body and Trailer Manufacturing 0.7 

Basic Chemical Manufacturing 4.3 Ship and Boat Building 0.7 

Aerospace Product and Parts Manufacturing 4.3 Pesticide, Fertilizer, and Other Agricultural Chemical 

Manufacturing 0.6 

Communications Equipment Manufacturing 3.4 

Medical Equipment and Supplies Manufacturing 2.9 Engine, Turbine, and Power Transmission 

Equipment Manufacturing 0.6 

Motor Vehicle Manufacturing 2.9 Commercial and Service Industry Machinery Motor Vehicle Parts Manufacturing 2.7 Manufacturing 0.5 

Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing 1.7 Alumina and Aluminum Production and Processing 0.5 

Computer and Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing 1.6 Other Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing 0.4 

Other General Purpose Machinery Manufacturing 1.4 

Agriculture, Construction, and Mining Machinery Household Appliance Manufacturing 0.4 

Manufacturing 1.2 Electric Lighting Equipment Manufacturing 0.3 

Other Chemical Product and Preparation Clay Product and Refractory Manufacturing 0.2 

Manufacturing 1.1 Other Transportation Equipment Manufacturing 0.2 

Other Miscellaneous Manufacturing 1.1 Railroad Rolling Stock Manufacturing 0.1 

Other Electrical Equipment and Component Audio and Video Equipment Manufacturing 0.1 

Manufacturing 1.0 Manufacturing and Reproducing Magnetic and 

Electrical Equipment Manufacturing 1.0 Optical Media 0.1 

Sources: Brookings Institution, Bureau of Economic Analysis, and Moody’s Analytics. 

Note: Each subsector share of manufacturing output is calculated as a share of total manufacturing output as of 2020. Traditional manufacturing subsectors constitute the remaining 

34.6 percent of total manufacturing output. Numbers do not total 100 due to rounding 

Despite overall output growth in the manufacturing industry, 

employment in both the traditional and advanced manufacturing 

subsectors steadily declined since 2000 (Chart 3). This means 

productivity and output in the advanced manufacturing subsectors 

have increased despite falling employment. From 2000 to 2020, 

output per worker in the advanced manufacturing subsectors more 

than doubled from $129,000 to $264,000 per year. Traditional 

manufacturing’s output per worker rose from $86,000 to 

$115,000 per year, a 34 percent gain. 

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Chart 3 

Traditional Manufacturing Employment Has Consistently Been Higher

Than Advanced, but Both Have Fallen Since 2000 

Millions 

12 Traditional Advanced 

10 

6 

8 

4 

2 

0 

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 

Sources: Bureau of Labor Statistics Current Employment Survey, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages, and Moody’s Analytics. 

The transition from traditional to advanced manufacturing has been 

most pronounced in the computer and electronics industry. Three 

components of computer and electronic product manufacturing 

reported the highest increase in output and account for half of 

the total annual output increases in the advanced manufacturing 

subsectors: Navigational, Measuring, Electromedical, and Control 

Instruments; Semiconductor and Other Electronic Components; 

and Communications Equipment Manufacturing.5 These subsectors 

accounted for $318 billion in output and employed 872,000 U.S. 

workers in 2020. The computer and electronics industry is home to 

global market leaders such as Apple, Google, Microsoft, and Dell, 

companies that have captured significant domestic and international 

market share. In addition, this segment of the manufacturing 

industry employs a higher percentage of engineers than any other 

manufacturing industry and has a continuous need for innovation and 

product development.6 

Although automation and offshoring have profoundly changed 

the manufacturing industry in recent decades, manufacturing has 

remained an important part of local economies even as the share 

of manufacturing employment in these economies has declined. 

As technology has improved, automation with machine labor has 

replaced many types of tasks that used to be performed by hand, 

removing workers from production and assembly lines and decreasing 

employment, but not productivity. Trade liberalization and the increase 

of offshoring, where a firm relocates part or all of its production to 

another country where costs are lower, have had an undeniable effect 

on the location of firms and the number of employees they hire in the 

5 The Navigational, Measuring, Electromedical, and Control Instruments subsector is NAICS code 3345, the Semiconductor and Other Electronic Components subsector is NAICS 

code 3344, and the Communications Equipment Manufacturing subsector is NAICS code 3342. 

6 Statista Industry Report, “Manufacturing: Computers & Electronics (NAICS 334),” December 2021. 

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QUARTERLY 2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

United States. Although these trends in manufacturing in the United 

States have been the subject of much study, the complicated nature of 

multiple changes over decades makes it challenging to cleanly measure 

the effects on employment and local economies. 

The costs of automation and offshoring are often localized in specific 

geographic areas while the benefits of these changes may tend to 

accrue to the broader economy. Automating or relocating a factory may 

lower the cost of production or increase productivity, but can mean 

large job losses or a severe hit to local economies. Because of this, 

automation and offshoring have often been viewed as headwinds to 

the economic growth prospects of manufacturing areas. Chart 4 shows 

the share of manufacturing to total employment, which has steadily 

declined from 2000 to 2020. Chart 4 also shows that total production 

has increased. As manufacturing industry growth transitions between 

subsectors, some companies and geographic areas lose jobs as they 

transition away from specific products, while other companies gain 

new jobs and other areas gain firms. 

Chart 4 

Manufacturing Employment Has Fallen Since 2000 as Output Has Risen

Through Productivity Increases 

Manufacturing Output Manufacturing Employment 

Billions 

6,000 Manufacturing Output Manufacturing Employment Millions 20 

18 

5,000 16 

14 4,000 

12 

3,000 10 

8 

2,000 6 

4 1,000 

2 

0 0 

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 

Sources: Bureau of Labor Statistics Current Employment Survey and Bureau of Economic Analysis GDP by Industry. 

The states in which manufacturing accounts for the largest share 

of total state product host diverse manufacturing activities, but all 

states rely on the manufacturing industry’s contributions to state 

GDP and employment. Manufacturing is an important part of the 

economic production of many states, but some states with the highest 

total dollar volume of manufacturing output—like California and 

Texas—have such large and diversified economies that manufacturing 

does not play a pivotal role in many local communities. Focusing on 

the share of manufacturing output relative to total state product to 

highlight areas where manufacturing has the greatest impact on 

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QUARTERLY 2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

local economies is therefore a useful way to identify states where 

manufacturing activity is of relatively greater importance to local 

economies and community banks. The map below shows five states 

in which manufacturing accounts for the highest share of state GDP: 

Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Michigan, and Wisconsin. Another way 

to measure the importance of manufacturing to local communities is 

the employment associated with the industry. The map also shows five 

states with the highest share of manufacturing jobs relative to total 

employment: Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Michigan, and Wisconsin. Four 

states—Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, and Wisconsin—are in the top 

five for both the manufacturing share of state GDP and the share of 

manufacturing employment to total state employment. 

Manufacturing Has Highest Share of GDP in Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana,

Michigan, and Wisconsin 

Source: Bureau of Economic Analyisis (Haver Analytics). 

Note: Data as of 2020. 

Manufacturing Concentration and Employment 

Top 5 in Both Manufacturing Employment Share and Manufacturing Concentration 

Top 5 in Manufacturing Employment Share 

Top 5 in Manufacturing Concentration Share 

Not Top 5 in Manufacturing Concentration or

Employment 

The states highlighted in the map host a diverse range of 

manufacturing activities, with a few subsectors being particularly 

important. For example, the manufacturing subsector with the secondlargest number of workers nationwide is transportation equipment, 

a broad subsector that includes autos but also larger equipment, such 

as airplanes, ships, and trains. In three of the top five states (Indiana, 

Kentucky, and Michigan) transportation equipment ranks as the top 

manufacturing employer. Fabricated metal products, machinery, and 

food manufacturing contribute greatly to manufacturing employment. 

Chemical manufacturing is the top employer in Louisiana’s 

manufacturing industry but is not important for the other four highconcentration states. 

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QUARTERLY 2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

Some states other than those with the highest concentration of 

manufacturing overall have grown significantly in manufacturing 

in recent years. The five states that reported the largest shifts from 

traditional to advanced manufacturing between 2000 and 2020 are 

Nevada, Oregon, Mississippi, North Carolina, and Maine. In 2020, 

these five states generated $84.2 billion in output, an increase of 

84 percent from the annual amount produced in 2000. During the 

same period, advanced manufacturing employment in these five 

states fell by more than 22 percent to a little more than 353,000 in 

2020, largely due to automation replacing workers. However, advanced 

manufacturing productivity in these states more than doubled from 

$100,000 to $238,000 per worker. These states are home to many large 

manufacturing firms, including industry leaders in technology (Tesla 

Gigafactory, Intel, and IBM), automotive (Nissan and Toyota), and 

shipbuilding (Ingalls Shipbuilding and Bath Iron Works). Although 

certain parts of the country are thought of as traditional manufacturing 

areas, new areas are emerging with the shift to advanced manufacturing. 

Other states reported output growth in traditional manufacturing 

subsectors. The five states reporting the largest increases in output from 

traditional manufacturing subsectors were New Mexico, Idaho, Kansas, 

Delaware, and Vermont. The increases were predominantly influenced 

by manufacturing of dairy products, beverages, and the slaughter of 

animals for meat products. Growth in the manufacturing industry, 

whether in advanced or traditional subsectors, can increase demand for 

financial services from community banks in those areas. 

Despite structural changes in the manufacturing industry, community 

banks have continued to support manufacturing activities through 

lending in their local economies. Community banks headquartered in 

the five states with the highest manufacturing output concentrations 

as highlighted in the map (Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Michigan, 

and Wisconsin) stand out from community banks headquartered 

in other states with their substantially higher concentration of 

various types of commercial loans. The next section describes some 

of the general characteristics of community banks headquartered 

in manufacturing-concentrated states and the performance of their 

commercial loans relative to other community banks in recent years. 

These comparisons do not necessarily indicate that commercial 

lending is the sole factor that explains the differences between these 

types of community banks, nor do they speak to the degree of their 

support to the manufacturing industry specifically, but they illustrate 

general patterns that may be used as a basis for further research. 

Community banks in manufacturing-concentrated areas represent 

a small but stable share of community banks. As of fourth quarter 

2021, there were 552 community banks headquartered in the top-five 

manufacturing-concentrated states. These banks account for about 

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QUARTERLY 2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

12 percent of all community banks, a share that has been fairly stable 

since 2000. These community banks are also spread throughout 

metropolitan, micropolitan, and rural areas. Of the 552 community 

banks headquartered in manufacturing-concentrated states, 

roughly 47 percent are in metropolitan areas, about 25 percent are 

in micropolitan areas, and nearly 29 percent are in rural areas.7 This 

dispersion across geographies means a community bank is likely to be 

accessible to a manufacturing firm regardless of whether the firm is in 

an urban or rural part of the state. Community banks headquartered 

in manufacturing-concentrated states are slightly smaller than 

community banks in other areas, with mean assets per institution of 

$579 million, compared with $635 million at other community banks, 

as of fourth quarter 2021. 

Community banks in manufacturing-concentrated states support their 

local economies through a higher share of commercial loans relative 

to community banks in other states. Community banks headquartered 

in manufacturing-concentrated states have less in terms of average 

assets per institution. As a group these community banks have a 

larger percentage of their assets in commercial loans supporting the 

local economy. Although loan-level detail is not available in bank 

Consolidated Reports of Condition and Income (Call Reports) and other 

FDIC data to examine loans taken out directly by manufacturing firms, 

several trends support the view that community banks headquartered 

in manufacturing-concentrated states are supporting manufacturing 

through access to credit and other financial services to businesses 

more broadly. Much of this support to manufacturing firms and local 

business conditions more generally comes through several categories of 

commercial loans reported on the Call Report. One important category 

is commercial and industrial (C&I) loans. These include loans for 

commercial, industrial, or professional purposes that are not secured 

by real estate. C&I loans capture direct lending to companies both for 

working capital and for longer-term upgrades and major equipment 

purchases, and include both manufacturing firms and other local 

businesses. A broader category of commercial loans is commercial real 

estate (CRE) loans, which include several categories secured by real 

estate. While not all of the loans within CRE are directly related to local 

manufacturing conditions, for example loans for multifamily housing, 

other categories such as loans for industrial or warehouse properties 

are likely to be more directly related to manufacturing. A third category 

of related commercial loans is construction and development (C&D) 

loans, which are loans secured by real estate to construct, add to, 

or alter structures for industrial, commercial, residential, or farm 

buildings. Like CRE loans, many of these commercial loans are not 

specifically focused on manufacturing firms but are an important 

part of credit for daily operation and expansion of the manufacturing 

7 Metropolitan and micropolitan are defined by the U.S. Census Bureau; rural areas are all other counties. Due to rounding, percentages may not sum to 100. 

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QUARTERLY 2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

industry in the local area. All of these commercial loans are evidence of 

community banks supporting local economic conditions where they are 

headquartered. 

One portion of these commercial loans community banks 

headquartered in manufacturing-concentrated areas lend to firms is 

through their C&I loans. Chart 5 shows the share of total assets that 

are C&I loans for community banks headquartered in manufacturingconcentrated states compared with all other community banks. 

The share of C&I loans at banks headquartered in manufacturingconcentrated states has fallen since 2000, but it has consistently 

been much higher than for other community banks, frequently twice 

the share. Chart 5 also shows the spike in C&I lending in 2020 due to 

Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) loans administered at community 

banks headquartered in manufacturing-concentrated states.8 

Chart 5 

Community Banks in Manufacturing-Concentrated States Consistently

Have a Higher Share of Commercial and Industrial Loans 

Share of C&I Loans to Total Assets Community Banks in Manufacturing-Concentrated States 

16 Community Banks in All Other States 

14 

12 

10 

8 

6 

4 

2 

0 

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 

Source: FDIC Reports of Condition and Income. 

Note: Manufacturing-concentrated states are Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Michigan, and Wisconsin. Commercial & Industrial 

loans inclusive of Paycheck Protection Program loans. 

This trend of community banks headquartered in manufacturingconcentrated states having a higher share of commercial loans than 

other community banks can be seen more broadly in CRE loans. Chart 6 

shows the share of CRE loans to total assets for both community banks 

headquartered in manufacturing-concentrated states and all other 

community banks. Similar to C&I loans, the share of CRE loans at 

banks headquartered in manufacturing-concentrated states is much 

higher when compared with other community banks (Chart 6). 

8 For more on the effect of the Paycheck Protection Program on bank balance sheets, see Margaret Hanrahan and Angela Hinton, “The Importance of Community Banks in 

Paycheck Protection Program Lending,” FDIC Quarterly 14, no. 4 (2020): 31–36, https://www.fdic.gov/analysis/quarterly-banking-profile/fdic-quarterly/2020-vol14-4/fdicv14n4-3q2020.pdf. 

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QUARTERLY 2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

The volume of commercial lending by community banks headquartered 

in manufacturing-concentrated states can also be seen in trends in 

C&D lending. Chart 7 shows the share of C&D lending to total assets 

at community banks headquartered in manufacturing-concentrated 

states and compared with other community banks. There was a 

large increase in C&D loans in the years preceding the 2008 financial 

crisis that were reduced in its aftermath at community banks 

headquartered in manufacturing-concentrated states. Since 2012 the 

share of C&D loans has been fairly steady for both groups but higher in 

manufacturing-concentrated states. 

Chart 6 

Community Banks in Manufacturing-Concentrated States Consistently

Have a Higher Share of CRE Loans to Total Assets 

Share of CRE Loans to Total Assets Community Banks in Manufacturing-Concentrated States Percent Community Banks in All Other States 45 

40 

25 

30 

35 

20 

15 

10 

5 

0 

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 

Source: FDIC Reports of Condition and Income. 

Note: Manufacturing-concentrated states are Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Michigan, and Wisconsin. CRE is commercial real estate. 

Chart 7 

Community Banks in Manufacturing-Concentrated States Have a Higher

Share of Construction and Development Loans to Total Assets 

Share of Construction and Development Loans to Total Assets 

Percent Community Banks in Manufacturing-Concentrated States 

16 Community Banks in All Other States 

14 

0 

2 

4 

6 

8 

10 

12 

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 

Source: FDIC Reports of Condition and Income. 

Note: Manufacturing-concentrated states are Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Michigan, and Wisconsin. 

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QUARTERLY 2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

The net interest margin (NIM) of community banks in manufacturingconcentrated states has on average exceeded that of other community 

banks. Chart 8 shows NIM for community banks headquartered in 

manufacturing-concentrated states and for all other community 

banks. NIM was higher for community banks headquartered in 

manufacturing-concentrated states for every year from 2000 to 2020 

except 2008. Another noteworthy trend reflected in Chart 8 is the 

secular decline in NIM affecting both groups of community banks, 

with NIM falling roughly a percentage point in the two decades 

since 2000.9 Higher NIM at community banks in manufacturingconcentrated states is likely related to the higher share of commercial 

loans to assets among those institutions, shown in Charts 5, 6, and 7. 

As discussed below, greater concentrations of lending can magnify the 

negative effects of economic downturns on bank profitability. 

Chart 8 

Community Banks in Manufacturing-Concentrated States Have

Consistently Higher Net Interest Margins Than Those in Other States 

Net Interest Margin Community Banks in Manufacturing-Concentrated States Percent 

5 Community Banks in All Other States 

3 

4 

2 

1 

0 

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 

Source: FDIC Reports of Condition and Income. 

Note: Manufacturing-concentrated states are Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Michigan, and Wisconsin. 

Trends in return on assets (ROA) illustrate opportunities and risks to 

banks in manufacturing-concentrated states. Chart 9 shows the pretax 

ROA for both community banks in manufacturing-concentrated states 

and all other community banks since 2000. Before the 2007–2009 

recession, the pretax ROA of community banks headquartered in 

manufacturing-concentrated areas was consistently higher than for 

other community banks. The higher ROA of these banks before the 

crisis was consistent with their higher concentrations of commercial 

loans shown in Charts 5, 6, and 7, and with the pre-crisis growth of 

their CRE and C&D portfolios shown in Charts 6 and 7. 

9 For more discussion of NIM trends, see Angela Hinton and Chester Polson, “The Historic Relationship Between Bank Net Interest Margins and Short-Term Interest Rates,” 

FDIC Quarterly 15 no. 2 (2021): 31–41, https://www.fdic.gov/analysis/quarterly-banking-profile/fdic-quarterly/2021-vol15-2/fdic-v15n2-1q2021.pdf. 

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2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

Chart 9 

Pretax ROA Took Longer to Recover A
er the Financial Crisis at

Community Banks in Manufacturing-Concentrated States 

Pretax ROA Community Banks in Manufacturing-Concentrated States Percent Community Banks in All Other States 

-1 

0 

1 

-2 

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 

Source: FDIC Reports of Condition and Income. 

Note: Manufacturing-concentrated states are Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Michigan, and Wisconsin. Pretax ROA is the pretax 

net income as a percentage of assets. 

The manufacturing industry is sensitive to business cycles and 

recessions, which has direct implications on community banks and 

has weighed on their profitability through both direct credit exposure 

to manufacturing firms and indirectly through the manufacturing 

industry’s impact on the local economy. In the 2008 recession, 

pretax ROA at community banks headquartered in manufacturingconcentrated areas fell further and took longer to recover, staying 

negative until 2010, than ROA at community banks elsewhere in the 

country. The manufacturing industry declined severely during that 

period, with 2 million jobs lost nationwide. Community banks in the 

five manufacturing-concentrated states had higher commercial loan 

concentrations than other community banks, and the effects of the 

recession on their profitability were worse. More generally, annual 

economic growth rates in many of the manufacturing-concentrated 

states lagged the United States. From 2000 to 2020, the five 

manufacturing-concentrated states identified above often had annual 

economic growth rates lower than U.S. GDP growth. In both the 2001 

and 2008 recessions, the top five manufacturing-concentrated states 

experienced much steeper economic contractions than the United 

States overall. 

In more recent years, there has been little difference between the 

pretax ROA at community banks headquartered in manufacturingconcentrated areas and other community banks. As described in the 

next section, the adverse effects on manufacturing of the pandemic 

and accompanying recession have not been as long-lasting as those of 

previous recessions. 

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QUARTERLY 2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

In contrast with previous recessions, the manufacturing sector 

has recovered losses from the recession in 2020 relatively quickly 

and continued to grow as the U.S. economy reopened and producers 

responded to pent-up demand. The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in 

March 2020 and the shuttering of the economy were swift, severe, and 

broad-based. Manufacturing entered 2020 already facing headwinds 

from rising trade tensions, low energy prices, and Boeing stopping 

production of the 787 Max 8 jet. Industrial production began to 

weaken in 2018 due to these headwinds and contracted sharply at the 

onset of the pandemic. Unlike recent recessions in which industrial 

production has been slower to recover, manufacturing rebounded 

quickly despite ongoing pandemic conditions. In a typical recession, 

spending on goods, especially durable goods, declines as consumers 

forego expensive purchases but continue using routine services. 

However, the widespread closures of businesses, stay-at-home 

orders, and the immediate transition to telework for many industries 

decreased or eliminated demand for services while increasing demand 

for goods as people upgraded living quarters and home offices. Several 

rounds of emergency government assistance to households and 

enhanced unemployment insurance benefits also supported demand 

for goods, keeping personal income much higher and preserving 

balance sheets more than in typical recessions. Because of these 

factors, sales of both durable and nondurable goods recovered much 

faster than in previous recessions (Chart 10). Strong demand and 

relatively healthy consumer balance sheets for a recession resulted 

in a quick and broad-based rebound in sales of both durable and 

nondurable manufactured goods.10 

Chart 10 

Sales Rebounded Quickly for Durable and Nondurable Manufacturing 

Quarterly Sales 

$ Billions Nondurable Manufacturing Durable Manufacturing 

120,000 

100,000 

80,000 

60,000 

40,000 

20,000 

0 

Mar-00 Mar-03 Mar-06 Mar-09 Mar-12 Mar-15 Mar-18 Mar-21 

Source: Census Bureau Quarterly Financial Report for Manufacturing, Mining, and Trade Corporations (Haver Analytics). 

Note: Sales are seasonally adjusted. Shaded areas indicate recession. 

10A related rebound in consumer lending occurred during the pandemic. For more information see Kathryn Fritzdixon, “Consumer Lending Through the Pandemic and the 

Recovery,” FDIC Quarterly 16 no. 1 (2022), 31–40, https://www.fdic.gov/analysis/quarterly-banking-profile/fdic-quarterly/2022-vol16-1/article1.pdf. 

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QUARTERLY 2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

Employment in manufacturing also recovered more quickly than in 

previous recessions, though not as fast as other pandemic-affected 

industries. In the 22 months between May 2020 and March 2022, 

the manufacturing industry added just more than a million jobs, 

roughly 91 percent of the 1.4 million jobs lost in March and April 2020. 

In contrast, manufacturing continued to lose jobs in the 22 months 

after the end of the 2001 recession and the 22 months after the end 

of the 2008 recession.11 Chart 11 shows the strong employment gains 

in manufacturing from 2020 to 2022 relative to the two previous 

recessions. The rebound in employment was partly due to firms 

responding to the immediate demand for goods and bringing 

production workers back quickly. Although the pace of the jobs 

recovery in manufacturing is encouraging, it is slower than in many 

other industries. Chart 12 shows the percentage of jobs recovered for 

the economy as a whole and for key industries, with manufacturing 

showing a slower recovery than the economy in general. Like 

many other sectors of the economy, manufacturing has had worker 

shortages. Job openings in manufacturing are much more abundant 

now than before the pandemic. This labor shortage weighs on firms’ 

ability to increase production and power the recovery. 

Chart 11 

Manufacturing Has Regained Lost Jobs Much Faster Aer This Recession

Than Previously 

2001 Recession 

2008 Recession 

2020 Recession 

-1,491 

-13 

1,234 

-2,000 -1,500 -1,000 -500 0 500 1,000 1,500 

Manufacturing Job Change 22 Months From End of Recession

Thousands 

Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics Monthly Establishment Survey (Haver Analytics). 

11 The manufacturing industry underwent structural change independent of the 2001 recession due to automation and offshoring and lost more than 2.6 million jobs from early 

2000 to early 2004. 

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QUARTERLY 2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

Chart 12 

Manufacturing Job Gains Lag the Recovery in Other Industries 

Transportation 220.2 

Professional Services 131.4 

Financial Activities 114.6 

Retail Trade 112.4 

Information 110.0 

Construction 100.4 

Manufacturing 90.6 

Education & Health 83.9 

Leisure & Hospitality 82.0 

Wholesale Trade 74.3 

Other+ 55.8 

0 50 100 150 200 250 

Share of Jobs Lost in March and April 2020 That Have Been Recovered as of March 2022 

Percent 

Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics Monthly Establishment Survey (Haver Analytics). 

Note: Other+ category captures Government, Mining, Utilities, and Other Services. 

The transition of the manufacturing industry from the pandemic 

recession poses several risks for banks. The interconnected nature 

of global supply chains has created problems in the production and 

distribution of goods, which weighed on production in 2021 and 

will take time to normalize. Lockdown orders and social distancing 

measures slowed the pace of production as factories had to close or 

idle production. Lingering supply chain issues and order backlogs 

may continue for the near term and could create a liquidity risk for 

firms, especially those that purchase expensive intermediate goods 

on credit or have complicated production processes that take time to 

create a finished product. Unexpected delays in the production process 

could increase the risk of nonpayment or default for bank loans. 

Producing at reduced capacity for extended periods due to a shortage 

of workers or inputs may reduce income and could affect the ability 

to meet financial obligations. Labor shortages and supply constraints 

could weigh on further gains and increase the underlying risk to 

banks. The remaining shortage in manufacturing workers might be 

harder to resolve than for other industries, as manufacturing is less 

accommodating for working from home, making it more difficult to 

recruit new workers. 

Even as the recovery in manufacturing is well under way, pandemicrelated credit risks to banks from the manufacturing industry could 

take time to surface fully or to resolve. The manufacturing industry 

remains susceptible to the risks of plant closure due to the evolving 

nature of the pandemic, or relocation of firms due to global market 

pressures as production and demand normalize. Even as these shortterm challenges resolve, banks face longer-term risks stemming 

from continued structural changes in the manufacturing industry as 

it transitions to advanced manufacturing, potentially affecting the 

concentration of firms among states. 

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QUARTERLY 2022 VOLUME 16, NUMBER 3 

Manufacturing firms received substantial support from the PPP 

and defaults may increase as program support runs out. While the 

vast majority of PPP loans have been forgiven, program wind-down 

could reveal weakened firms that have other outstanding loans 

that could expose banks to losses if the firms remain unprofitable. 

Finally, the demand boom for manufacturers presents risks to banks 

if banks without experience expand lending to manufacturing late 

in the business cycle. As demand normalizes from recent high levels, 

sales could decline and expose lenders to credit risk if borrowers are 

overextended. 

CONCLUSION Manufacturing is a key economic driver and employer in many states, 

and a rapid transition from traditional to advanced manufacturing 

is occurring in a number of states. The banking industry continues 

to support lending in manufacturing-concentrated states even as 

the manufacturing industry has experienced significant structural 

changes in recent decades, and the community banks are active 

commercial lenders in these areas. Manufacturing can be highly 

cyclical and continues to evolve, and these developments will 

remain important to community banks. The manufacturing industry 

demonstrated its resilience during the pandemic-induced recession in 

2020, with output and employment initially recovering more quickly 

than many other sectors. Overall, the rapid rebound in manufacturing 

compared with past recessions and the ongoing transition to highervalue-added advanced manufacturing subsectors generally support a 

positive outlook in growth for those community banks that serve them. 

Authors: 

Chester Polson 

Senior Financial Economist 

Division of Insurance and Research 

Stephen Kiser 

Regional Economist 

Division of Insurance and Research 

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