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                                                                  EXHIBIT 10(aa)

                                                                  EXECUTION COPY

                                4,500,000 Shares

                             CMS ENERGY CORPORATION

                  4.50% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock

                               Purchase Agreement

                                                        December 1, 2003

Citigroup Global Markets Inc.
   As Representative of the several Initial Purchasers
   named in Schedule I hereto
388 Greenwich Street
New York, New York 10013

Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith
                       Incorporated
   As Representative of the several Initial Purchasers
   named in Schedule I hereto
4 World Financial Center
New York, New York 10080

Ladies and Gentlemen:

         CMS Energy Corporation, a Michigan corporation (the "Company"),
proposes to issue and sell to Citigroup Global Markets Inc. ("Citigroup"),
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated ("Merrill") and each of the
other Initial Purchasers named in Schedule I hereto (collectively, the "Initial
Purchasers"), for whom Citigroup and Merrill are acting as representatives (in
such capacity, the "Representatives"), an aggregate of 4,500,000 shares of its
4.50% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock (the "Restricted Shares"), subject
to the terms and conditions set forth herein.

         The Company has agreed to grant to the Initial Purchasers, severally
and not jointly, an option to purchase up to 500,000 shares of additional
Restricted Shares to cover over-allotments, if any (the "Option Restricted
Shares"), at a price per Option Restricted Share equal to the price per
Restricted Share. Such option shall expire 30 days after the date of the
Offering Memorandum (as defined below), and may be exercised in whole or in part
from time to time. Such option may be exercised upon notice by the
Representatives to the Company setting forth the number of Option Restricted
Shares as to which the several Initial Purchasers are then exercising the option
and the time, date and place of payment and delivery for such Option Restricted
Shares. Any such time and date of payment and delivery shall be determined by
the Representatives, but shall not be later than seven full business days after
the exercise of said option, nor, in any event, prior to the Time of Purchase
(as defined below), unless otherwise agreed upon by the Representatives and the
Company. Any such time and date of payment and delivery which falls after the
Time of Purchase is referred to herein as a "Date of Option Delivery". If the
option is exercised as to all or any portion of the Option Restricted Shares,
each of the Initial Purchasers, severally and not jointly, will purchase that
proportion of the number of

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Option Restricted Shares then being purchased which the number of Restricted
Shares each such Initial Purchaser has severally agreed to purchase as set forth
herein bears to the number of Restricted Shares, subject to such adjustments as
the Representatives in their discretion shall make to eliminate any sales or
purchases of an incremental number of Option Restricted Shares less than 1. As
used herein, the term "Restricted Shares" shall include the Restricted Shares
and all or any portion of any Option Restricted Shares.

         Holders (including subsequent transferees) of the Restricted Shares
will have the registration rights set forth in the registration rights agreement
in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A (the "Registration Rights Agreement"),
to be dated the Time of Purchase, for so long as such Restricted Shares
constitute Registrable Securities (as defined in the Registration Rights
Agreement). Pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, the Company will
agree to file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission") a
shelf registration statement (the "Registration Statement") pursuant to Rule 415
under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Act") relating to the resale
by certain holders of the Restricted Shares and the sale of the shares of the
Company's common stock, par value $0.01 per share (the "Common Stock"), issuable
upon conversion of the Restricted Shares (the "Issuable Common Stock"), and to
use its best efforts to cause such Registration Statement to be declared and
remain effective and usable for the periods specified in the Registration Rights
Agreement. This Agreement, the Restricted Shares, the Issuable Common Stock and
the Registration Rights Agreement are hereinafter sometimes referred to
collectively as the "Operative Documents".

         1.       Offering Memorandum: The Restricted Shares will be offered and
sold to the Initial Purchasers pursuant to one or more exemptions from the
registration requirements under the Act. The Company has prepared a preliminary
offering memorandum dated December 1, 2003 (the "Preliminary Offering
Memorandum") and a confidential offering memorandum dated December 1, 2003 (the
"Offering Memorandum") relating to the Restricted Shares, which incorporate by
reference documents filed by the Company pursuant to Section 13, 14 or 15 of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"). As used
herein, the term "Preliminary Offering Memorandum" and "Offering Memorandum"
shall include respectively the documents incorporated by reference therein. Any
reference herein to the terms "amend", "amendment" or "supplement" with respect
to the Preliminary Offering Memorandum and Offering Memorandum shall be deemed
to include amendments or supplements to the Preliminary Offering Memorandum and
Offering Memorandum, and documents incorporated by reference after the time of
execution of this Agreement and prior to the termination of the offering of the
Restricted Shares by the Initial Purchasers.

         Upon original issuance thereof, and until such time as the same is no
longer required pursuant to the certificate of designation relating to the
Restricted Shares (the "Certificate of Designation"), the Restricted Shares and
the Issuable Common Stock (and all securities issued in exchange therefor or in
substitution thereof) shall bear the following legend:

         THIS SECURITY (OR ITS PREDECESSOR) WAS ORIGINALLY ISSUED IN A
         TRANSACTION EXEMPT FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE UNITED STATES
         SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 (THE "SECURITIES ACT"), AND THIS
         SECURITY AND THE COMMON STOCK ISSUABLE UPON CONVERSION HEREOF
         MAY NOT BE OFFERED, SOLD OR OTHERWISE

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         TRANSFERRED IN THE ABSENCE OF SUCH REGISTRATION OR AN
         APPLICABLE EXEMPTION THEREFROM. EACH PURCHASER OF THIS
         SECURITY IS HEREBY NOTIFIED THAT THE SELLER OF THIS SECURITY
         MAY BE RELYING ON THE EXEMPTION FROM THE PROVISIONS OF
         SECTION 5 OF THE SECURITIES ACT PROVIDED BY RULE 144A
         THEREUNDER. THE HOLDER OF THIS SECURITY AGREES FOR THE
         BENEFIT OF THE COMPANY THAT (A) THIS SECURITY AND THE COMMON
         STOCK ISSUABLE UPON CONVERSION HEREOF MAY BE OFFERED, RESOLD,
         PLEDGED OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED ONLY (I) IN THE UNITED
         STATES TO A PERSON WHOM THE SELLER REASONABLY BELIEVES IS A
         QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER (AS DEFINED IN RULE 144A UNDER
         THE SECURITIES ACT ("RULE 144A")) IN A TRANSACTION MEETING
         THE REQUIREMENTS OF RULE 144A PURCHASING FOR ITS OWN ACCOUNT
         OR FOR THE ACCOUNT OF A QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER IN A
         TRANSACTION MEETING THE REQUIREMENTS OF RULE 144A, (II)
         OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES IN AN OFFSHORE TRANSACTION IN
         ACCORDANCE WITH RULE 903 OR RULE 904 UNDER THE SECURITIES
         ACT, (III) PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER
         THE SECURITIES ACT PROVIDED BY RULE 144 THEREUNDER (IF
         AVAILABLE), (IV) IN ACCORDANCE WITH ANOTHER EXEMPTION FROM
         THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT, (V) TO
         CMS ENERGY CORPORATION OR (VI) PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE
         REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT, IN EACH OF
         CASES (I) THROUGH (VI) IN ACCORDANCE WITH ANY APPLICABLE
         SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE OF THE UNITED STATES, AND (B)
         THE HOLDER WILL, AND EACH SUBSEQUENT HOLDER IS REQUIRED TO,
         NOTIFY ANY PURCHASER OF THE SECURITY FROM IT OF THE RESALE
         RESTRICTIONS REFERRED TO IN CLAUSE (A) ABOVE.

         THE HOLDER OF THIS SECURITY AGREES THAT SUCH HOLDER WILL NOT
         ENGAGE IN HEDGING TRANSACTIONS INVOLVING THIS SECURITY AND
         THE COMMON STOCK ISSUABLE UPON CONVERSION HEREOF UNLESS IN
         COMPLIANCE WITH THE SECURITIES ACT.

         THIS SECURITY AND ANY RELATED DOCUMENTATION MAY BE AMENDED OR
         SUPPLEMENTED FROM TIME TO TIME TO MODIFY THE RESTRICTIONS ON
         AND PROCEDURES FOR RESALES AND OTHER TRANSFERS OF THIS
         SECURITY TO REFLECT ANY CHANGE IN APPLICABLE LAW OR
         REGULATION (OR THE INTERPRETATION THEREOF) OR IN PRACTICES
         RELATING TO THE RESALE OR TRANSFER OF RESTRICTED SECURITIES
         GENERALLY. THE HOLDER OF THIS SECURITY SHALL BE DEEMED BY THE
         ACCEPTANCE OF THIS SECURITY TO HAVE AGREED TO ANY SUCH
         AMENDMENT OR SUPPLEMENT.

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         THE HOLDER OF THIS SECURITY IS SUBJECT TO, AND ENTITLED TO
         THE BENEFITS OF, A REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT DATED AS OF
         DECEMBER 5, 2003 ENTERED INTO BY THE COMPANY FOR THE BENEFIT
         OF CERTAIN HOLDERS OF SECURITIES FROM TIME TO TIME.

         2.       Purchase and Sale: Upon the basis of the representations and
warranties and subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth, the Company
agrees to sell to the respective Initial Purchasers, severally and not jointly,
and the respective Initial Purchasers, severally and not jointly, agree to
purchase from the Company at the purchase price specified in Schedule I hereto
(the "Purchase Price"), the respective numbers of Restricted Shares set opposite
their names in Schedule I hereto.

         3.       Terms of Offering: The Initial Purchasers have advised the
Company that the Initial Purchasers will make offers (the "Exempt Resales") of
the Restricted Shares purchased hereunder on the terms set forth in the Offering
Memorandum solely to persons whom the Initial Purchasers reasonably believe to
be "qualified institutional buyers" as defined in Rule 144A under the Act or, at
the time any buy order for the Restricted Shares was or is originated, were or
are outside the United States and were or are not "U.S. persons" within the
meaning of Regulation S under the Act (such persons being referred to herein as
the "Eligible Purchasers"). The Initial Purchasers will offer the Restricted
Shares to Eligible Purchasers initially at the offering price set forth on the
cover page of the Offering Memorandum. Such price may be changed at any time
without notice.

         4.       Payment and Delivery: Payment for the Restricted Shares shall
be made to the Company in federal or other immediately available funds in New
York City (or such other place or places of payment as shall be agreed upon by
the Company and the Representatives in writing), upon the delivery of the
Restricted Shares at the offices of Pillsbury Winthrop LLP ("PW"), at One
Battery Park Plaza, New York, New York 10004-1490 (or such other place or places
of delivery as shall be agreed upon by the Company and the Representatives) to
the Representatives for the respective accounts of the Initial Purchasers
against receipt therefor signed by the Representatives on behalf of themselves
and as agent for the other Initial Purchasers. Such payment and delivery shall
be made at 10:00 A.M., New York time on December 5, 2003 (or on such later
business day as shall be agreed upon by the Company and the Representatives in
writing), unless postponed in accordance with the provisions of Section 11
hereof. The day and time at which payment and delivery for the Restricted Shares
(without regard to any Option Restricted Shares) are to be made is herein called
the "Time of Purchase".

         In addition, in the event that the Initial Purchasers have exercised
their option to purchase any or all of the Option Restricted Shares, payment of
the purchase price for, and delivery of, such Option Restricted Shares shall be
made at the above mentioned offices, or at such other place as shall be agreed
upon by the Representatives and the Company on the relevant Date of Option
Delivery as specified in the notice from the Representatives to the Company.

         Delivery of the Restricted Shares shall be made in definitive, fully
registered form or global form, as specified by the Representatives, in
authorized denominations registered in such names as the Representatives may
request in writing to the Company not later than two full business days prior to
the Time of Purchase, or, if no such request is received, in the names of

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the respective Initial Purchasers for the respective numbers of Restricted
Shares set forth opposite the name of each Initial Purchaser in Schedule I, in
denominations selected by the Company. The certificates evidencing the
Restricted Shares shall be delivered at the Time of Purchase for the account of
the Initial Purchasers, with any transfer taxes payable in connection with the
transfer of the Restricted Shares to the Initial Purchasers duly paid, against
payment of the Purchase Price therefor.

         The Company agrees to make the Restricted Shares available for
inspection by the Initial Purchasers at the offices of PW at least 24 hours
prior to the Time of Purchase, in definitive, fully registered form, and as
requested pursuant to the preceding paragraph.

         5.       Conditions of Initial Purchasers' Obligations: The several
obligations of the Initial Purchasers hereunder are subject to the accuracy of
the representations and warranties, at and as of the Time of Purchase, on the
part of the Company, and to the following other conditions:

                  (a)      That all legal proceedings to be taken in connection
with the issue and sale of the Restricted Shares shall be reasonably
satisfactory in form and substance to PW, counsel to the Initial Purchasers.

                  (b)      That, at the Time of Purchase, the Representatives
shall be furnished with the following opinions, dated the Time of Purchase:

                           (i)      Opinion of Robert C. Shrosbree, Esq.,
         Assistant General Counsel of the Company, substantially to the effect
         set forth in Exhibit B attached hereto;

                           (ii)     Opinion of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher &
         Flom LLP, counsel to the Company, substantially to the effect set forth
         in Exhibit C-1 and Exhibit C-2 attached hereto; and

                           (iii)    Opinion of PW, counsel to the Initial
         Purchasers, in a form satisfactory to the Initial Purchasers.

         (c)      (i) That, on the date hereof and at the Time of Purchase, the
Representatives shall have received a letter from Ernst & Young LLP ("E&Y") in
form and substance satisfactory to the Initial Purchasers, dated as of such
date, (i) confirming that they are independent public accountants with respect
to the Company within the meaning of the Act and the applicable published rules
and regulations of the Commission thereunder, (ii) stating that in their opinion
the financial statements examined by them and included or incorporated by
reference in the Preliminary Offering Memorandum or Offering Memorandum, as the
case may be, complied as to form in all material respects with the applicable
accounting requirements of the Commission, including the applicable published
rules and regulations of the Commission, and (iii) covering, as of a date not
more than five business days prior to the date of such letter, such other
matters as the Initial Purchasers reasonably request.

                  (ii)     That, on the date hereof and at the Time of Purchase,
the Representatives shall have received a letter from each of
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP and Price Waterhouse, each in form and substance
satisfactory to the Initial Purchasers, dated as of such

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date, (i) confirming that each are independent public accountants with respect
to (A) the Company and the Midland Cogeneration Venture Limited Partnership, in
the case of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, and (B) the Company and Jorf Lasfar
Energy Company S.C.A., in the case of Price Waterhouse, each within the meaning
of the Act and the applicable published rules and regulations of the Commission
thereunder, (ii) stating that in each of their opinions the financial statements
examined by them and referred to in the letter of E&Y complied as to form in all
material respects with the applicable accounting requirements of the Commission,
including the applicable published rules and regulations of the Commission, and
(iii) covering, as of a date not more than five business days prior to the date
of such letter, such other matters as the Initial Purchasers reasonably request;
provided, that the Initial Purchasers acknowledge that the Price Waterhouse
letter received on the date hereof (but not the Price Waterhouse letter received
at the Time of Purchase or either of the PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP letters)
shall not be required to address October 2003 financial data.

                  (d)      Subsequent to the date hereof or, if earlier, the
dates as of which information is given in the Offering Memorandum (exclusive of
any amendment or supplement thereto), there shall not have been (i) any change
or decrease specified in the letter or letters referred to in Section 5(c)
hereof or (ii) any change, or any development involving a prospective change, in
or affecting the condition (financial or otherwise), prospects, earnings,
business or properties of the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole,
except as set forth in or contemplated in the Offering Memorandum (exclusive of
any amendment or supplement thereto), the effect of which, in any case referred
to in clause (i) or (ii) above, is, in the judgment of the Representatives, so
material and adverse as to make it impractical or inadvisable to proceed with
the offering or delivery of the Restricted Shares as contemplated in the
Offering Memorandum (exclusive of any amendment or supplement thereto).

                  (e)      That, at the Time of Purchase, the Company shall have
delivered to the Representatives a certificate of an executive officer of the
Company to the effect that, to the best of his or her knowledge, information and
belief, (i) there shall have been no material adverse change in the condition
(financial or otherwise), earnings, business or properties of the Company from
that set forth in the Offering Memorandum (other than changes referred to in or
contemplated by the Offering Memorandum) and (ii) the representations and
warranties of the Company in this Agreement are true and correct on and as of
the Time of Purchase with the same effect as if made at the Time of Purchase,
and the Company has complied with all the agreements and satisfied all the
conditions on its part to be performed or satisfied hereunder at or prior to the
Time of Purchase.

                  (f)      That the Company shall have executed and delivered
the Registration Rights Agreement.

                  (g)      That the Company shall have performed such of its
obligations under this Agreement as are to be performed at or before the Time of
Purchase by the terms hereof.

                  (h)      That the Company shall have complied with the
provisions of Section 6(c) hereof with respect to the furnishing of the Offering
Memorandum.

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                  (i)      That, at the Time of Purchase, the Restricted Shares
shall be rated at least B by Standard & Poor's Ratings Group, a division of The
McGraw Hill Companies, Inc. ("S&P"), Ca by Moody's Investors Service, Inc.
("Moody's") and B- by Fitch, Inc. ("Fitch"), and the Company shall have
delivered to the Representatives a letter, dated the Time of Purchase, from each
such rating agency, or other evidence reasonably satisfactory to the
Representatives, confirming that the Restricted Shares have been assigned such
ratings; and between the date of the execution of this Agreement and the Time of
Purchase, there has been no downgrading or withdrawal of the investment ratings
of the Restricted Shares, securities of the Company or securities of Consumers
Energy Company by any nationally recognized statistical rating agency, and no
such rating agency shall have publicly announced that it has under surveillance
or review, with possible negative implications, any such rating.

                  (j)      In the event that the Initial Purchasers exercise
their option to purchase all or any portion of the Option Restricted Shares, the
representations and warranties of the Company contained herein and the
statements in any certificates furnished by the Company hereunder shall be true
and correct as of each Date of Option Delivery, and, at the relevant Date of
Option Delivery, the Representatives shall have received:

                           (1)      a certificate, dated such Date of Option
                  Delivery, of an executive officer of the Company confirming
                  that the certificate delivered at the Time of Purchase
                  pursuant to Section 5(e) hereof remains true and correct as of
                  such Date of Option Delivery;

                           (2)      opinions of Robert C. Shrosbree, Esq.,
                  Assistant General Counsel of the Company, Skadden, Arps,
                  Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP, counsel to the Company, and PW,
                  counsel to the Initial Purchasers, dated such Date of Option
                  Delivery, relating to the Option Restricted Shares and
                  otherwise to the same effect as the opinions required by
                  Section 5(b) hereof; and

                           (3)      a letter from E&Y, dated such Date of Option
                  Delivery, substantially in the same form and substance as the
                  letter furnished to the Representatives pursuant to Section
                  5(c) hereof, except that the date specified in Section
                  5(c)(iii) hereof shall be a date not more than five days prior
                  to such Date of Option Delivery.

                  (k)      At the Time of Purchase, the Issuable Common Stock
shall have been duly listed, subject only to official notice of issuance, on The
New York Stock Exchange.

                  (l)      The Restricted Shares shall have been designated as
PORTAL-eligible securities in accordance with the rules and regulations of the
National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. ("NASD") and the Restricted
Shares shall be eligible for clearance and settlement through The Depository
Trust Company ("DTC").

                  (m)      At the Time of Purchase, the Company shall have
furnished to the Representatives a letter substantially in the form of Exhibit D
hereto addressed to the Representatives from each person listed in Schedule II
hereto.

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                  (n)      That any additional documents or agreements
reasonably requested by the Initial Purchasers or their counsel to permit the
Initial Purchasers to perform their obligations or permit their counsel to
deliver opinions hereunder shall have been provided to them.

         6.       Certain Covenants of the Company: In further consideration of
the agreements of the Initial Purchasers herein contained, the Company covenants
as follows:

                  (a)      To advise the Representatives promptly and, if
requested by the Representatives, confirm such advice in writing, of the
issuance by any state securities commission of any stop order suspending the
qualification or exemption from qualification of any Restricted Shares for
offering or sale in any jurisdiction designated by the Initial Purchasers
pursuant to Section 6(d) hereof, or the initiation of any proceeding by any
state securities commission or any other federal or state regulatory authority
for such purpose. The Company shall use its best efforts to prevent the issuance
of any stop order or order suspending the qualification or exemption of any
Restricted Shares under any state securities or blue sky laws and, if at any
time any state securities commission or other federal or state regulatory
authority shall issue an order suspending the qualification or exemption of any
Restricted Shares under any state securities or blue sky laws, the Company shall
use its best efforts to obtain the withdrawal or lifting of such order at the
earliest possible time.

                  (b)      To deliver to the Initial Purchasers, without charge,
as soon as practicable, as many copies of the Offering Memorandum (as
supplemented or amended if the Company shall have made any supplements or
amendments thereto) as the Initial Purchasers may reasonably request. Subject to
the Initial Purchasers' compliance with their representations and warranties and
agreements set forth in Section 8 hereof, the Company consents to the use of the
Offering Memorandum, and any amendments and supplements thereto required
pursuant hereto, by the Initial Purchasers in connection with Exempt Resales.

                  (c)      For such period of time as the Initial Purchasers are
required by law or customary practice to deliver an offering memorandum in
respect of the Restricted Shares, if any event shall have occurred as a result
of which it is necessary to amend or supplement the Offering Memorandum in order
to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances when the Offering
Memorandum is delivered to an Eligible Purchaser, not misleading, or if it
becomes necessary to amend or supplement the Offering Memorandum to comply with
law, to forthwith prepare an appropriate amendment or supplement to the Offering
Memorandum and deliver to the Initial Purchasers, without charge, such number of
copies thereof as may be reasonably requested.

                  (d)      To use its best efforts to qualify the Restricted
Shares for offer and sale under the securities or blue sky laws of such
jurisdictions as the Initial Purchasers may designate and to pay (or cause to be
paid), or reimburse (or cause to be reimbursed) the Initial Purchasers and their
counsel for, reasonable filing fees and expenses in connection therewith
(including the reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel to the Initial
Purchasers and filing fees and expenses paid and incurred prior to the date
hereof), provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to qualify to
do business as a foreign corporation or as a securities dealer or to file a
general consent to service of process or to file annual reports or to comply
with any other requirements deemed by the Company to be unduly burdensome.

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                  (e)      So long as the Restricted Shares are outstanding, (i)
to mail and make generally available as soon as practicable after the end of
each fiscal year to the record holders of the Restricted Shares a financial
report of the Company on a consolidated basis, all such financial reports to
include a consolidated balance sheet, a consolidated statement of operations, a
consolidated statement of cash flows and a consolidated statement of
shareholders' equity as of the end of and for such fiscal year, together with
comparable information as of the end of and for the preceding year, certified by
the Company's independent public accountants and (ii) to mail and make generally
available as soon as practicable after the end of each quarterly period (except
for the last quarterly period of each fiscal year) to such holders, a
consolidated balance sheet, a consolidated statement of operations and a
consolidated statement of cash flows as of the end of and for such period, and
for the period from the beginning of such year to the close of such quarterly
period, together with comparable information for the corresponding periods of
the preceding year.

                  (f)      So long as any of the Restricted Shares or Issuable
Common Stock are "restricted securities" within the meaning of Rule 144(a)(3)
under the Act and remain outstanding and during any period in which the Company
is not subject to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, to make available to
any holder of Restricted Shares in connection with any sale thereof and any
prospective purchaser of such Restricted Shares from such holder, the
information required by Rule 144A(d)(4) under the Act.

                  (g)      To pay all expenses, fees and taxes (other than
transfer taxes on sales by the respective Initial Purchasers) in connection with
the issuance and delivery of the Restricted Shares and the Issuable Common
Stock, except that the Company shall be required to pay the fees and
disbursements (other than disbursements referred to in Section 6(d) hereof) of
PW, counsel to the Initial Purchasers, only in the events provided in Section
6(h) hereof, the Initial Purchasers hereby agreeing to pay such fees and
disbursements in any other event, and that except as provided in such Section
6(h), the Company shall not be responsible for any out-of-pocket expenses of the
Initial Purchasers in connection with their services hereunder.

                  (h)      If the Initial Purchasers shall not take up and pay
for the Restricted Shares due to the failure of the Company to comply with any
of the conditions specified in Section 5 hereof, or, if this Agreement shall be
terminated in accordance with the provisions of Section 12 hereof prior to the
Time of Purchase or the Date of Delivery, as the case may be, to pay the
reasonable fees and disbursements of PW, counsel to the Initial Purchasers, and,
if the Initial Purchasers shall not take up and pay for the Restricted Shares
due to the failure of the Company to comply with any of the conditions specified
in Section 5 hereof, to reimburse the Initial Purchasers for their reasonable
out-of-pocket expenses not to exceed $10,000 incurred in connection with the
financing contemplated by this Agreement.

                  (i)      During the period referred to in Section 6(c) hereof,
to not amend or supplement the Offering Memorandum unless the Company has
furnished the Initial Purchasers and counsel to the Initial Purchasers with a
copy for their review and comment a reasonable time prior to the making of such
amendment or supplement and has reasonably considered any comments of the
Initial Purchasers, and not to make any such amendment or supplement to which
such counsel shall reasonably object on legal grounds in writing after
consultation with the Initial Purchasers.

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                  (j)      During the period referred to in Section 6(c) hereof,
to furnish the Initial Purchasers with copies of all documents required to be
filed with the Commission pursuant to Section 13, 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange
Act.

                  (k)      During the period referred to in Section 6(c) hereof,
to comply with all requirements under the Exchange Act relating to the timely
filing with the Commission of its reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the
Exchange Act and of its proxy statements pursuant to Section 14 of the Exchange
Act.

                  (l)      To comply in all material respects with all of its
agreements set forth in the Registration Rights Agreement.

                  (m)      To obtain the approval of DTC for "book-entry"
transfer of the Restricted Shares, and to comply in all material respects with
all of its agreements set forth in the representation letter or letters of the
Company to DTC relating to the approval of the Restricted Shares by DTC for
"book-entry" transfer.

                  (n)      Not to (or permit any affiliate (as defined in Rule
144 under the Act) to) sell, offer for sale or solicit offers to buy or
otherwise negotiate in respect of any security (as defined in the Act) that
would be integrated with the sale of the Restricted Shares to the Initial
Purchasers or pursuant to Exempt Resales in a manner that would require the
registration of any such sale of the Restricted Shares under the Act.

                  (o)      Not to voluntarily claim, and to actively resist any
attempts to claim, the benefit of any usury laws against the holders of any
Restricted Shares.

                  (p)      During the period of two years after the Time of
Purchase, not to, and not permit any of its affiliates (as defined in Rule 144
under the Act) to, resell any of the Restricted Shares which constitute
"restricted securities" under Rule 144 under the Act that have been reacquired
by any of them.

                  (q)      To take all reasonable action necessary to enable
S&P, Moody's and Fitch to provide their respective credit ratings of the
Restricted Shares.

                  (r)      Until the second anniversary of the Time of Purchase,
not to, and not to permit any affiliates under its control to, purchase any
Restricted Shares or Issuable Common Stock unless, immediately upon any such
purchase, the Company or any such affiliate shall (1) cancel such Restricted
Shares and/or (2) treat such Issuable Common Stock as treasury shares ineligible
for re-issuance.

                  (s)      Not to, and not to permit any of its affiliates or
any person acting on its or their behalf (other than the Initial Purchasers, as
to which no agreement is made) to, directly or indirectly, make offers or sales
of any security, or solicit offers to buy any security, under circumstances that
would require the registration of the Restricted Shares or the Issuable Common
Stock under the Act.

                  (t)      The Company will reserve and keep available at all
times, free of preemptive rights, the full number of shares of Issuable Common
Stock.

                                       10
<PAGE>

                  (u)      The Company will use its best efforts to effect the
listing of the Issuable Common Stock, prior to the Time of Purchase, on The New
York Stock Exchange subject only to official notice of issuance.

                  (v)      The Company will not for a period of 60 days
following the date hereof, without the prior written consent of the
Representatives, offer, sell or contract to sell, or otherwise dispose of (or
enter into any transaction which is designed to, or might reasonably be expected
to, result in the disposition (whether by actual disposition or effective
economic disposition due to cash settlement or otherwise) by the Company or any
affiliate of the Company or any person in privity with the Company or any
affiliate of the Company), directly or indirectly, or announce the offering of,
any shares of Common Stock or any securities convertible into, or exercisable or
exchangeable for, shares of Common Stock (other than the Restricted Shares);
provided, however, that the Company may issue and sell Common Stock or
securities convertible into or exchangeable for Common Stock pursuant to any
employee stock option plan, stock ownership plan or dividend reinvestment plan
of the Company existing and in effect at the date hereof, and the Company may
issue Common Stock issuable upon the conversion of securities or the exercise of
warrants existing and outstanding at the date hereof.

                  (w)      Any information provided by the Company to publishers
of publicly available databases about the terms of the Restricted Shares shall
include a statement that the Restricted Shares have not been registered under
the Act and are subject to restrictions under Rule 144A under the Act and
Regulation S under the Act.

                  (x)      The Company will not take, directly or indirectly,
any action designed to or which has constituted or which might reasonably be
expected to cause or result, under the Exchange Act or otherwise, in
stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to
facilitate the sale or resale of the Restricted Shares.

                  (y)      Between the date hereof and the Time of Purchase, the
Company will not do or authorize any act or thing that would result in an
adjustment of the conversion price.

                  (z)      The Company will cause the proceeds of the issuance
and sale of the Restricted Shares to be applied for the purposes described in
the Offering Memorandum.

         7.       Representations and Warranties of the Company: The Company
represents and warrants to, and agrees with, each of the Initial Purchasers
that:

                  (a)      Each of the Preliminary Offering Memorandum and the
Offering Memorandum does not, and any supplement or amendment to it will not,
contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material
fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein,
in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading,
except that the representations and warranties contained in this Section 7(a)
shall not apply to statements in or omissions from the Preliminary Offering
Memorandum and the Offering Memorandum (or any supplement or amendment thereto)
based upon information relating to the Initial Purchasers furnished to the
Company in writing by the Initial Purchasers expressly for use therein. No stop
order preventing the use of the Offering Memorandum, or any amendment or
supplement thereto, or any order asserting that any of the

                                       11
<PAGE>

transactions contemplated by this Agreement are subject to the registration
requirements of the Act, has been issued.

                  (b)      The documents incorporated by reference in the
Preliminary Offering Memorandum and the Offering Memorandum, when they were
filed (or, if an amendment with respect to any such document was filed, when
such amendment was filed) with the Commission, conformed in all material
respects to the requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations
of the Commission promulgated thereunder, and any further documents so filed and
incorporated by reference will, when they are filed with the Commission, conform
in all material respects to the requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules
and regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder; none of such
documents, when it was filed (or, if an amendment with respect to any such
document was filed, when such amendment was filed), contained an untrue
statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be
stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the
circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; and no such further
document, when it is filed, will contain an untrue statement of a material fact
or will omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary
to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they
are made, not misleading.

                  (c)      The Company has been duly organized and is validly
existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of the State of
Michigan and has all requisite authority to own or lease its properties and
conduct its business as described in the Preliminary Offering Memorandum and the
Offering Memorandum and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby, and
is duly qualified to transact business and is in good standing in each
jurisdiction in which the conduct of its business as described in the
Preliminary Offering Memorandum and the Offering Memorandum or its ownership or
leasing of property requires such qualification, except to the extent that the
failure to be so qualified or be in good standing would not have a material
adverse effect on the Company.

                  (d)      The Restricted Shares have been duly authorized by
the Company. At the Time of Purchase, when delivered against payment therefor as
provided in this Agreement, the Restricted Shares will have been duly and
validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable, and will be convertible into
Common Stock in accordance with their terms. Each of the Restricted Shares and
the Issuable Common Stock conform in all material respects to the descriptions
thereof in the Preliminary Offering Memorandum and the Offering Memorandum. Each
significant subsidiary (as defined in Rule 405 under the Act, and hereinafter
called a "Significant Subsidiary") of the Company has been duly organized and is
validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its
formation, has all requisite authority to own or lease its properties and
conduct its business as described in the Offering Memorandum and is duly
qualified to transact business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in
which the conduct of its business as described in the Offering Memorandum or its
ownership or leasing of property requires such qualification, except to the
extent that the failure to be so qualified or be in good standing would not have
a material adverse effect on the Company and its Significant Subsidiaries, taken
as a whole.

                  (e)      This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and
delivered by the Company, and the Company has full corporate power and authority
to enter into this Agreement.

                                       12
<PAGE>

                  (f)      The Registration Rights Agreement has been duly
authorized by the Company. At the Time of Purchase, the Registration Rights
Agreement will have been duly executed and delivered by the Company and will
constitute a valid and binding agreement of the Company, enforceable against the
Company in accordance with its terms, except to the extent that the enforcement
thereof may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or
other similar laws affecting creditors' rights generally and by general
principles of equity (regardless of whether enforcement is considered in a
proceeding at law or in equity). The Registration Rights Agreement conforms in
all material respects to the description thereof in the Preliminary Offering
Memorandum and the Offering Memorandum.

                  (g)      Except for the outstanding shares of preferred stock
of Consumers Energy Company, the 8.36% Trust Originated Preferred Securities of
Consumers Power Company Financing I, the 8.20% Trust Originated Preferred
Securities of Consumers Energy Company Financing II, the 9 1/4% Trust Originated
Preferred Securities of Consumers Energy Company Financing III, the 9.00% Trust
Preferred Securities of Consumers Energy Company Financing IV and the 7 3/4%
Convertible Quarterly Income Preferred Securities of CMS Energy Trust I, all of
the outstanding capital stock of each of Consumers Energy Company and CMS
Enterprises Company is owned directly or indirectly by the Company, free and
clear of any security interest, claim, lien or other encumbrance (except as
disclosed in the Offering Memorandum) or preemptive rights, and there are no
outstanding rights (including, without limitation, preemptive rights), warrants
or options to acquire, or instruments convertible into or exchangeable for, any
shares of capital stock or other equity interest in any of Consumers Energy
Company and CMS Enterprises Company or any contract, commitment, agreement,
understanding or arrangement of any kind relating to the issuance of any such
capital stock, any such convertible or exchangeable securities or any such
rights, warrants or options.

                  (h)      The Company has all necessary consents,
authorizations, approvals, orders, certificates and permits of and from, and has
made all declarations and filings with, all federal, state, local and other
governmental authorities, all self-regulatory organizations and all courts and
other tribunals, to own, lease, license and use its properties and assets and to
conduct business in the manner described in the Preliminary Offering Memorandum
and the Offering Memorandum, except to the extent that the failure to obtain or
file would not have a material adverse effect on the Company.

                  (i)      No order, license, consent, authorization or approval
of, or exemption by, or the giving of notice to, or the registration with, any
federal, state, local or other governmental department, commission, board,
bureau, agency or instrumentality, and no filing, recording, publication or
registration in any public office or any other place, was or is now required to
be obtained by the Company to authorize its execution or delivery of, or the
performance of its obligations under, this Agreement or any of the other
Operative Documents, except such as have been obtained or may be required under
state securities or blue sky laws or as referred to in the Offering Memorandum.

                  (j)      None of the issuance, sale or conversion of the
Restricted Shares, or the execution or delivery by the Company of, or the
performance by the Company of its obligations under, this Agreement or the other
Operative Documents, did or will conflict with, result in a breach of any of the
terms or provisions of, or constitute a default or require the consent of any

                                       13
<PAGE>

party under, the Company's Articles of Incorporation or by-laws, any material
agreement or instrument to which it is a party, any existing applicable law,
rule or regulation or any judgment, order or decree of any government,
governmental instrumentality or court, domestic or foreign, having jurisdiction
over the Company or any of its properties or assets, or did or will result in
the creation or imposition of any lien on the Company's properties or assets.

                  (k)      Except as disclosed in the Offering Memorandum, there
is no action, suit, proceeding, inquiry or investigation (at law or in equity or
otherwise) pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against the
Company, by any governmental authority that (i) questions the validity,
enforceability or performance of this Agreement or any of the other Operative
Documents or (ii) if determined adversely, is likely to have a material adverse
effect on the business or financial condition of the Company, or materially
adversely affect the ability of the Company to perform its obligations hereunder
or the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

                  (l)      There has not been any material and adverse change in
the business, properties, prospects or financial condition of the Company from
that set forth or incorporated by reference in the Offering Memorandum (other
than changes referred to in or contemplated by the Offering Memorandum).

                  (m)      Except as set forth in the Offering Memorandum, no
event or condition exists that constitutes, or with the giving of notice or
lapse of time or both would constitute, a default or any breach or failure to
perform by the Company in any material respect under any indenture, mortgage,
loan agreement, lease or other material agreement or instrument to which the
Company is a party or by which it or any of its properties may be bound.

                  (n)      The Offering Memorandum, as of its date, contained
all the information specified in, and met the requirements of, Rule 144A(d)(4)
under the Act.

                  (o)      When the Restricted Shares are issued and delivered
pursuant to this Agreement, the Restricted Shares and the Issuable Common Stock
will not be of the same class (within the meaning of Rule 144A under the Act) as
any security of the Company that is listed on a national securities exchange
registered under Section 6 of the Exchange Act or that is quoted in a United
States automated inter-dealer quotation system. No securities of the same class
as the Restricted Shares have been issued and sold by the Company within the
six-month period immediately prior to the date hereof.

                  (p)      Neither the Company nor any affiliate (as defined in
Rule 144 under the Act) of the Company has directly, or through any agent, (i)
sold, offered for sale, solicited offers to buy or otherwise negotiated in
respect of, any security (as defined in the Act) which is or will be integrated
with the sale of the Restricted Shares in a manner that would require the
registration under the Act of the Restricted Shares or (ii) engaged in any form
of general solicitation or general advertising in connection with the offering
of the Restricted Shares (as those terms are used in Regulation D under the
Act), or in any manner involving a public offering within the meaning of Section
4(2) of the Act, including, but not limited to, publication or release of
articles, notices or other communications published in any newspaper, magazine,
or similar

                                       14
<PAGE>

medium or broadcast over television or radio, or any seminar or meeting whose
attendees have been invited by any general solicitation or general advertising.

                  (q)      None of the Company nor any of its affiliates (as
defined in Rule 144 under the Act) or any person acting on its or their behalf
(other than the Initial Purchasers, as to whom the Company makes no
representation) has engaged or will engage in any directed selling efforts
within the meaning of Regulation S under the Act with respect to the Restricted
Shares.

                  (r)      No registration under the Act of the Restricted
Shares is required for the sale of the Restricted Shares to the Initial
Purchasers as contemplated hereby or for the Exempt Resales (assuming the
accuracy of the Initial Purchasers' representation and warranty and agreement
set forth in Section 8 hereof).

                  (s)      The Company, after giving effect to the offering and
sale of the Restricted Shares, will not be an "investment company" within the
meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.

                  (t)      The Company has an authorized capitalization as set
forth in the Offering Memorandum and all of the issued shares of capital stock
of the Company have been duly and validly authorized and issued and are fully
paid and non-assessable. The shares of Issuable Common Stock have been duly and
validly authorized and reserved for issuance by the Company and, when issued and
delivered in accordance with the provisions of the Certificate of Designation,
will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable and will conform
in all material respects to the description of the Common Stock contained in the
Offering Memorandum and the issuance of the Issuable Common Stock is not, and
will not be, subject to any preemptive or other similar right.

                  (u)      The Restricted Shares satisfy the eligibility
requirements of Rule 144A(d)(3) under the Act.

                  (v)      The Company has been advised by the NASD's PORTAL
Market that the Restricted Shares and the Issuable Common Stock have been
designated PORTAL-eligible securities in accordance with the rules and
regulations of the NASD.

                  (w)      The Company's chief executive officer and chief
financial officer are responsible for establishing and maintaining the Company's
disclosure controls and procedures. The Company's management, under the
direction of the Company's principal executive and financial officers, has
evaluated the effectiveness of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures
as of a date within 90 days of the filing of the Company's most recent annual
report on Form 10-K/A. Based on such evaluation, the Company's chief executive
officer and chief financial officer have concluded that the Company's disclosure
controls and procedures are effective to ensure that material information was
presented to them and properly disclosed. There have been no significant changes
in the Company's internal controls or in other factors that could significantly
affect internal controls subsequent to such evaluation.

                  (x)      Except as described in the Offering Memorandum and
except as would not, singly or in the aggregate, result in a material adverse
effect on the Company, (A) neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is in
violation of any federal, state, local or foreign statute,

                                       15
<PAGE>

law, rule, regulation, ordinance, code, policy or rule of common law or any
judicial or administrative interpretation thereof, including any judicial or
administrative order, consent, decree or judgment, relating to pollution or
protection of human health, the environment (including, without limitation,
ambient air, surface water, groundwater, land surface or subsurface strata) or
wildlife, including, without limitation, laws and regulations relating to the
release or threatened release of chemicals, pollutants, contaminants, wastes,
toxic substances, hazardous substances, petroleum or petroleum products,
asbestos-containing materials or mold (collectively, "Hazardous Materials") or
to the manufacture, processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal,
transport or handling of Hazardous Materials (collectively, "Environmental
Laws"), (B) the Company and its subsidiaries have all permits, authorizations
and approvals required under any applicable Environmental Laws and are each in
compliance with their requirements, (C) there are no pending or threatened
administrative, regulatory or judicial actions, suits, demands, demand letters,
claims, liens, notices of noncompliance or violation, investigation or
proceedings relating to any Environmental Law against the Company or any of its
subsidiaries and (D) there are no events or circumstances that would reasonably
be expected to form the basis of an order for clean-up or remediation, or an
action, suit or proceeding by any private party or governmental body or agency,
against or affecting the Company or any of its subsidiaries relating to
Hazardous Materials or any Environmental Laws.

         The Company acknowledges that the Initial Purchasers and, for purposes
of the opinions to be delivered to the Initial Purchasers pursuant to Section 5
hereof, counsel to the Company and counsel to the Initial Purchasers will rely
upon the accuracy and truth of the foregoing representations and hereby consents
to such reliance.

         8.       Representations and Warranties of Initial Purchasers: Upon the
authorization by the Initial Purchasers of the release of the Restricted Shares,
the Initial Purchasers propose to offer the Restricted Shares for sale upon the
terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement and the Offering Memorandum and
the Initial Purchasers hereby represent and warrant to, and agree with, the
Company that:

                  (a)      they each will offer and sell the Restricted Shares
only to Eligible Purchasers;

                  (b)      they each are Accredited Investors (as defined in
Regulation D under the Act); and

                  (c)      they each will not offer or sell the Restricted
Shares by any form of general solicitation or general advertising, including,
but not limited to, the methods described in Rule 502(c) under the Act.

         9.       Indemnification:

                  (a)      The Company agrees, to the extent permitted by law,
to indemnify and hold harmless each of the Initial Purchasers and each person,
if any, who controls any such Initial Purchaser within the meaning of Section 15
of the Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act, against any and all losses,
claims, damages or liabilities, joint or several, to which they or any of them
may become subject under the Act or otherwise, and to reimburse the Initial
Purchasers

                                       16
<PAGE>

and such controlling person or persons, if any, for any legal or other expenses
incurred by them in connection with defending any action, suit or proceeding
(including governmental investigations) as provided in Section 9(c) hereof,
insofar as such losses, claims, damages, liabilities or actions, suits or
proceedings (including governmental investigations) arise out of or are based
upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact
contained in the Preliminary Offering Memorandum or the Offering Memorandum, or,
if the Preliminary Offering Memorandum or the Offering Memorandum shall be
amended or supplemented, in the Preliminary Offering Memorandum or the Offering
Memorandum as so amended or supplemented or arise out of or are based upon any
omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be
stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading,
except insofar as such losses, claims, damages, liabilities or actions arise out
of or are based upon any such untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or
omission or alleged omission which was made in the Preliminary Offering
Memorandum or the Offering Memorandum or in the Preliminary Offering Memorandum
or the Offering Memorandum as so amended or supplemented, in reliance upon and
in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Company by, or
through the Representatives on behalf of, any Initial Purchaser expressly for
use therein and except that the Company will not be liable in any such case to
the extent that any such loss, claim, damage or liability or action, suit or
proceeding arises out of or is based upon any such untrue statement or alleged
untrue statement or omission or alleged omission made in the Preliminary
Offering Memorandum if copies of the Offering Memorandum were timely delivered
to the Initial Purchasers pursuant to Section 6 hereof and a copy of the
Offering Memorandum (as then amended or supplemented if the Company shall have
furnished any amendments or supplements thereto) was not sent or given by or on
behalf of the Initial Purchasers to the person asserting such loss, claim,
damage or liability or action, suit or proceeding and if the Offering Memorandum
(as so amended or supplemented) would have cured the defect giving rise to such
loss, claim, damage or liability or action, suit or proceeding.

                  The Company's indemnity agreement contained in this Section
9(a), and the covenants, representations and warranties of the Company contained
in this Agreement, shall remain in full force and effect regardless of any
investigation made by or on behalf of any person, and shall survive the delivery
of and payment for the Restricted Shares hereunder, and the indemnity agreement
contained in this Section 9 shall survive any termination of this Agreement. The
liabilities of the Company in this Section 9(a) are in addition to any other
liabilities of the Company under this Agreement or otherwise.

                  (b)      Each Initial Purchaser agrees, severally and not
jointly, to the extent permitted by law, to indemnify, hold harmless and
reimburse the Company, each other Initial Purchaser, and each person, if any,
who controls the Company or any such other Initial Purchaser within the meaning
of Section 15 of the Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act, to the same extent
and upon the same terms as the indemnity agreement of the Company set forth in
Section 9(a) hereof, but only with respect to alleged untrue statements or
omissions made in the Preliminary Offering Memorandum or the Offering
Memorandum, as amended or supplemented (if applicable), in reliance upon and in
conformity with information furnished in writing to the Company by such Initial
Purchaser expressly for use therein.

                  The indemnity agreement on the part of each Initial Purchaser
contained in this Section 9(b) and the representations and warranties of such
Initial Purchaser contained in this

                                       17
<PAGE>

Agreement shall remain in full force and effect regardless of any investigation
made by or on behalf of the Company or any other person, and shall survive the
delivery of and payment for the Restricted Shares hereunder, and the indemnity
agreement contained in this Section 9(b) shall survive any termination of this
Agreement. The liabilities of each Initial Purchaser in this Section 9(b) are in
addition to any other liabilities of such Initial Purchaser under this Agreement
or otherwise.

                  (c)      If a claim is made or an action, suit or proceeding
(including governmental investigations) is commenced or threatened against any
person as to which indemnity may be sought under Section 9(a) or 9(b) hereof,
such person (the "Indemnified Person") shall notify the person against whom such
indemnity may be sought (the "Indemnifying Person") promptly after any assertion
of such claim threatening to institute an action, suit or proceeding or if such
an action, suit or proceeding is commenced against such Indemnified Person,
promptly after such Indemnified Person shall have been served with a summons or
other first legal process, giving information as to the nature and basis of the
claim. Failure to so notify the Indemnifying Person shall not, however, relieve
the Indemnifying Person from any liability which it may have on account of the
indemnity under Section 9(a) or 9(b) hereof if the Indemnifying Person has not
been prejudiced in any material respect by such failure. Subject to the
immediately succeeding sentence, the Indemnifying Person shall assume the
defense of any such litigation or proceeding, including the employment of
counsel and the payment of all expenses, with such counsel being designated,
subject to the immediately succeeding sentence, in writing by the
Representatives in the case of parties indemnified pursuant to Section 9(b)
hereof and by the Company in the case of parties indemnified pursuant to Section
9(a) hereof. Any Indemnified Person shall have the right to participate in such
litigation or proceeding and to retain its own counsel, but the fees and
expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such Indemnified Person
unless (i) the Indemnifying Person and the Indemnified Person shall have
mutually agreed to the retention of such counsel or (ii) the named parties to
any such proceeding (including any impleaded parties) include (x) the
Indemnifying Person and (y) the Indemnified Person and, in the written opinion
of counsel to such Indemnified Person, representation of both parties by the
same counsel would be inappropriate due to actual or likely conflicts of
interest between them, in either of which cases the reasonable fees and expenses
of counsel (including disbursements) for such Indemnified Person shall be
reimbursed by the Indemnifying Person to the Indemnified Person. If there is a
conflict as described in clause (ii) above, and the Indemnified Persons have
participated in the litigation or proceeding utilizing separate counsel whose
fees and expenses have been reimbursed by the Indemnifying Person and the
Indemnified Persons, or any of them, are found to be solely liable, such
Indemnified Persons shall repay to the Indemnifying Person such fees and
expenses of such separate counsel as the Indemnifying Person shall have
reimbursed. It is understood that the Indemnifying Person shall not, in
connection with any litigation or proceeding or related litigation or
proceedings in the same jurisdiction as to which the Indemnified Persons are
entitled to such separate representation, be liable under this Agreement for the
reasonable fees and out-of-pocket expenses of more than one separate firm
(together with not more than one appropriate local counsel) for all such
Indemnified Persons. Subject to the next paragraph, all such fees and expenses
shall be reimbursed by payment to the Indemnified Persons of such reasonable
fees and expenses of counsel promptly after payment thereof by the Indemnified
Persons.

                                       18
<PAGE>

                  In furtherance of the requirement above that fees and expenses
of any separate counsel for the Indemnified Persons shall be reasonable, the
Initial Purchasers and the Company agree that the Indemnifying Person's
obligations to pay such fees and expenses shall be conditioned upon the
following:

                           (1)      in case separate counsel is proposed to be
                  retained by the Indemnified Persons pursuant to clause (ii) of
                  the preceding paragraph, the Indemnified Persons shall in good
                  faith fully consult with the Indemnifying Person in advance as
                  to the selection of such counsel;

                           (2)      reimbursable fees and expenses of such
                  separate counsel shall be detailed and supported in a manner
                  reasonably acceptable to the Indemnifying Person (but nothing
                  herein shall be deemed to require the furnishing to the
                  Indemnifying Person of any information, including, without
                  limitation, computer print-outs of lawyers' daily time
                  entries, to the extent that, in the judgment of such counsel,
                  furnishing such information might reasonably be expected to
                  result in a waiver of any attorney-client privilege); and

                           (3)      the Company and the Representatives shall
                  cooperate in monitoring and controlling the fees and expenses
                  of separate counsel for Indemnified Persons for which the
                  Indemnifying Person is liable hereunder, and the Indemnified
                  Person shall use reasonable effort to cause such separate
                  counsel to minimize the duplication of activities as between
                  themselves and counsel to the Indemnifying Person.

         The Indemnifying Person shall not be liable for any settlement of any
litigation or proceeding effected without the written consent of the
Indemnifying Person, but if settled with such consent or if there be a final
judgment for the plaintiff, the Indemnifying Person agrees, subject to the
provisions of this Section 9, to indemnify the Indemnified Person from and
against any loss, damage, liability or expenses by reason of such settlement or
judgment. The Indemnifying Person shall not, without the prior written consent
of the Indemnified Persons, effect any settlement of any pending or threatened
litigation, proceeding or claim in respect of which indemnity has been properly
sought by the Indemnified Persons hereunder, unless such settlement includes an
unconditional release by the claimant of all Indemnified Persons from all
liability with respect to claims which are the subject matter of such
litigation, proceeding or claim.

                  (d)      If the indemnification provided for in Section 9
above is unavailable to or insufficient to hold harmless an Indemnified Person
under this Section 9 in respect of any losses, claims, damages or liabilities
(or actions, suits or proceedings (including governmental investigations) in
respect thereof) referred to therein, then each Indemnifying Person under this
Section 9 shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such Indemnified
Person as a result of such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in
respect thereof) in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative
benefits received by the Indemnifying Person on the one hand and the Indemnified
Person on the other from the offering of the Restricted Shares. If, however, the
allocation provided by the immediately preceding sentence is not permitted by
applicable law, then each Indemnifying Person shall contribute to such amount
paid or payable

                                       19
<PAGE>

by such Indemnified Person in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not
only such relative benefits but also the relative fault of each Indemnifying
Person, if any, on the one hand and the Indemnified Person on the other in
connection with the statements or omissions which resulted in such losses,
claims, damages or liabilities (or actions, suits or proceedings (including
governmental investigations) in respect thereof), as well as any other relevant
equitable considerations. The relative benefits received by the Company on the
one hand and the Initial Purchasers on the other shall be deemed to be in the
same proportion as the total net proceeds from the offering (before deducting
expenses) received by the Company and the total discounts or commissions
received by the Initial Purchasers, in each case as set forth in the Offering
Memorandum, bear to the aggregate offering price of the Restricted Shares. The
relative fault shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether
the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the omission or
alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the
Company on the one hand or the Initial Purchasers on the other and the parties'
relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or
prevent such statement or omission. The Company and the Initial Purchasers agree
that it would not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this Section
9(d) were determined by pro rata allocation (even if the Initial Purchasers were
treated as one entity for such purpose) or by any other method of allocation
which does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to above in
this Section 9(d). The amount paid or payable by an Indemnified Person as a
result of the losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions, suits or
proceedings (including governmental proceedings) in respect thereof) referred to
above in this Section 9(d) shall be deemed to include any legal or other
expenses reasonably incurred by such Indemnified Person in connection with
investigating or defending any such actions, suits or proceedings (including
governmental proceedings) or claim, provided that the provisions of this Section
9 have been complied with (in all material respects) in respect of any separate
counsel for such Indemnified Person. Notwithstanding the provisions of this
Section 9(d), in no case shall any Initial Purchaser be responsible for any
amount in excess of the purchase discount or commission applicable to the
Restricted Shares purchased by such Initial Purchaser hereunder. No person
guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of
the Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of
such fraudulent misrepresentation. The Initial Purchasers' obligations in this
Section 9(d) to contribute are several in proportion to their respective
obligations and not joint.

         The agreement with respect to contribution contained in this Section
9(d) shall remain in full force and effect regardless of any investigation made
by or on behalf of the Company or any Initial Purchaser, and shall survive
delivery of and payment for the Restricted Shares hereunder and any termination
of this Agreement.

         10.      Survival: The respective indemnities, agreements,
representations, warranties and other statements of the Company and the Initial
Purchasers as set forth in this Agreement or made by or on behalf of them,
respectively, pursuant to this Agreement, shall remain in full force and effect,
regardless of any investigation (or any statement as to the results thereof)
made by or on behalf of the Initial Purchasers or any controlling person of the
Initial Purchasers, the Company, or any officer, director or controlling person
of the Company, and shall survive delivery of and payment for the Restricted
Shares.

                                       20
<PAGE>

         11.      Substitution of Initial Purchasers: If any Initial Purchaser
under this agreement shall fail or refuse (otherwise than for some reason
sufficient to justify in accordance with the terms hereof, the termination of
its obligations hereunder) to purchase the Restricted Shares which it had agreed
to purchase at the Time of Purchase or any applicable Date of Option Delivery,
the Representatives shall immediately notify the Company and the Representatives
and the other Initial Purchasers may, within 36 hours of the giving of such
notice, determine to purchase, or to procure one or more other members of the
NASD (or, if not members of the NASD, who are foreign banks, dealers or
institutions not registered under the Exchange Act and who agree in making sales
to comply with the NASD's Rules of Fair Practice), satisfactory to the Company,
to purchase, upon the terms herein set forth, the number of Restricted Shares
which the defaulting Initial Purchaser had agreed to purchase. If any
non-defaulting Initial Purchaser or Initial Purchasers shall determine to
exercise such right, the Representatives shall give written notice to the
Company of such determination within 36 hours after the Company shall have
received notice of any such default, and thereupon the Time of Purchase or Date
of Option Delivery, as the case may be, shall be postponed for such period, not
exceeding three business days, as the Company shall determine. If, in the event
of such a default, the Representatives shall fail to give such notice, or shall
within such 36-hour period give written notice to the Company that no other
Initial Purchaser or Initial Purchasers, or others, will exercise such right,
then this Agreement may be terminated by the Company, upon like notice given to
the Representatives within a further period of 36 hours. If in such case the
Company shall not elect to terminate this Agreement, it shall have the right,
irrespective of such default:

                  (a)      to require such non-defaulting Initial Purchasers to
purchase and pay for the respective number of Restricted Shares which they had
severally agreed to purchase hereunder, as herein above provided, and, in
addition, the number of Restricted Shares which the defaulting Initial Purchaser
shall have so failed to purchase up to a number thereof equal to one-ninth (1/9)
of the respective number of Restricted Shares which such non-defaulting Initial
Purchasers have otherwise agreed to purchase hereunder; and/or

                  (b)      to procure one or more other members of the NASD (or,
if not members of the NASD, who are foreign banks, dealers or institutions not
registered under the Exchange Act and who agree in making sales to comply with
the NASD's Rules of Fair Practice) to purchase, upon the terms herein set forth,
the number of Restricted Shares which such defaulting Initial Purchaser had
agreed to purchase, or that portion thereof which the remaining Initial
Purchasers shall not be obligated to purchase pursuant to Section 11(a) hereof.

         In the event the Company shall exercise its rights under Section 11(a)
and/or Section 11(b) hereof, the Company shall give written notice thereof to
the Representatives within such further period of 36 hours, and thereupon the
Time of Purchase or the Date of Option Delivery, as the case may be, shall be
postponed for such period, not exceeding five business days, as the Company
shall determine. In the event the Company shall be entitled to but shall not
elect to exercise its rights under Section 11(a) and/or Section 11(b) hereof,
the Company shall be deemed to have elected to terminate this Agreement.

         Any action taken by the Company under this Section 11 shall not relieve
any defaulting Initial Purchaser from liability in respect of any default of
such Initial Purchaser under this

                                       21
<PAGE>

Agreement. Termination by the Company under this Section 11 shall be without any
liability on the part of the Company or any non-defaulting Initial Purchaser.

         In the computation of any period of 36 hours referred to in this
Section 11, there shall be excluded a period of 24 hours in respect of each
Saturday, Sunday or legal holiday which would otherwise be included in such
period of time.

         12.      Termination of Agreement: This Agreement shall become
effective upon the execution and delivery of this Agreement by the parties
hereto.

         This Agreement may be terminated at any time prior to the Time of
Purchase or any applicable Date of Option Delivery by the Representatives if,
prior to such time, any of the following events shall have occurred: (i) trading
in the Company's Common Stock shall have been suspended by the Commission or the
New York Stock Exchange or trading in securities generally on the New York Stock
Exchange shall have been suspended or limited or minimum prices shall have been
established on such exchange; (ii) a banking moratorium shall have been declared
either by U.S. federal or New York State authorities; or (iii) there shall have
occurred any outbreak or escalation of hostilities, declaration by the United
States of a national emergency or war or other calamity or crisis the effect of
which on the financial markets of the United States is such as to impair, in the
sole judgment of the Representatives, the marketability of the Restricted
Shares.

         If the Representatives elect to terminate this Agreement, as provided
in this Section 12, the Representatives will promptly notify the Company and
each other Initial Purchaser by telephone or telecopy, confirmed by letter. If
this Agreement shall not be carried out by any Initial Purchaser for any reason
permitted hereunder, or if the sale of the Restricted Shares to the Initial
Purchasers as herein contemplated shall not be carried out because the Company
is not able to comply with the terms hereof, the Company shall not be under any
obligation under this Agreement and shall not be liable to any Initial Purchaser
or to any member of any selling group for the loss of anticipated profits from
the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the Initial Purchasers shall
be under no liability to the Company nor be under any liability under this
Agreement to one another.

         Notwithstanding the foregoing, the provisions of Sections 6(g), 6(h), 9
and 10 shall survive any termination of this Agreement.

         13.      Notices: All notices hereunder shall, unless otherwise
expressly provided, be in writing and be delivered at or mailed to the following
addresses or be sent by telecopy as follows: (i) if to the Initial Purchasers or
the Representatives, to Citigroup Global Markets Inc., 388 Greenwich Street, New
York, New York 10013, Attention: General Counsel (Telecopy 212-816-7912), and
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated, 4 World Financial Center,
New York, New York 10080, Attention: Jeff Kulik (Telecopy 212-449-1787); and
(ii) if to the Company, to CMS Energy Corporation, One Energy Plaza, Jackson,
Michigan 49201, Attention: Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Telecopy 517-788-2186).

         14.      Parties in Interest: This Agreement has been and is made
solely for the benefit of the Initial Purchasers, the Company, the Initial
Purchasers' directors and officers and the

                                       22
<PAGE>

controlling persons, if any, referred to herein, and their respective
successors, assigns, executors and administrators, and, except as expressly
otherwise provided in Section 11 hereof, no other person shall acquire or have
any right under or by virtue of this Agreement.

         15.      Definition of Certain Terms: All obligations of the Initial
Purchasers hereunder are several and not joint. The term "successors" as used in
this Agreement shall not include any purchaser, as such purchaser, of any of the
Restricted Shares from any of the respective Initial Purchasers.

         16.      Governing Law: This Agreement shall be governed by, and
construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York.

         17.      Waiver of Tax Confidentiality: Notwithstanding anything herein
to the contrary, purchasers of the Restricted Shares (and each employee,
representative or other agent of such purchasers) may disclose to any and all
persons, without limitation of any kind, the U.S. federal and state tax
treatment and U.S. federal and state tax structure of any transaction
contemplated herein and all materials of any kind (including opinions or other
tax analyses) that are provided to the purchasers of the Restricted Shares
relating to such U.S. federal and state tax treatment and U.S. federal and state
tax structure, other than any information for which nondisclosure is reasonably
necessary in order to comply with applicable securities laws.

         18.      Counterparts: This Agreement may be executed by any one or
more of the parties hereto in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be
deemed to be an original, but all such respective counterparts shall together
constitute one and the same instrument.

                                       23
<PAGE>

         If the foregoing is in accordance with your understanding, please sign
and return to us counterparts hereof, and, upon the acceptance hereof by you,
this letter and such acceptance hereof shall constitute a binding agreement
between each of the Initial Purchasers and the Company.

                                        Very truly yours,

                                        CMS ENERGY CORPORATION

                                        By: /s/ Thomas J. Webb
                                           ------------------------
                                           Name:  Thomas J. Webb
                                           Title: Executive Vice President and
                                                  Chief Financial Officer

Confirmed and accepted as
of the date first written above:

CITIGROUP GLOBAL MARKETS INC.
     As Representative of the several Initial Purchasers
     named in Schedule I hereto

By: CITIGROUP GLOBAL MARKETS INC.

By: /s/ Jane Sadowski
   -------------------------
   Name:  Jane Sadowski
   Title: Managing Director

MERRILL LYNCH, PIERCE, FENNER & SMITH
         INCORPORATED

   As Representative of the several Initial Purchasers
   named in Schedule I hereto

By: MERRILL LYNCH, PIERCE, FENNER & SMITH
         INCORPORATED

By: /s/ Jeff Kulik
   -------------------------
   Name:  Jeff Kulik
   Title: Vice President

<PAGE>

                                   SCHEDULE I

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
                                                   Number of
     Initial Purchasers                        Restricted Shares   Purchase Price
     ------------------                        -----------------   --------------
<S>                                            <C>                 <C>
Citigroup Global Markets Inc.                       1,485,000       $ 72,022,500
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith               1,485,000       $ 72,022,500
                      Incorporated
J.P. Morgan Securities, Inc.                          900,000       $ 43,650,000
Deutsche Bank Securities Inc.                         270,000       $ 13,095,000
Wachovia Capital Markets, LLC                         270,000       $ 13,095,000
Banc One Capital Markets, Inc.                         90,000       $  4,365,000
                                                 ------------       ------------
Total                                               4,500,000       $218,250,000
                                                 ============       ============
</TABLE>

                                      I-1

<PAGE>

                                   SCHEDULE II

1. John F. Drake

2. James J. Duderstadt

3. Carl L. English

4. Thomas W. Elward

5. Kathleen R. Flaherty

6. Earl D. Holton

7. David W. Joos

8. David G. Mengebier

9. Michael T. Monahan

10. Joseph F. Paquette Jr.

11. William U. Parfet

12. Percy A. Pierre

13. John G. Russell

14. S. Kinnie Smith, Jr.

15. Kenneth L. Way

16. Thomas J. Webb

17. Ken Whipple

18. John B. Yasinsky

                                      II-1

<PAGE>

                                    EXHIBIT A

         This Registration Rights Agreement (this "Agreement") is made and
entered into this 5th day of December, 2003 among CMS Energy Corporation, a
Michigan corporation (the "Company"), and Citigroup Global Markets Inc. and
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated, as representatives (the
"Representatives") of the Initial Purchasers (the "Initial Purchasers") listed
on Schedule I to the Purchase Agreement (as defined below).

         This Agreement is made pursuant to the Purchase Agreement dated
December 1, 2003, among the Company and the Representatives on behalf of the
Initial Purchasers (the "Purchase Agreement"), which provides for the sale by
the Company to the Initial Purchasers of an aggregate of 4,500,000 shares of the
Company's 4.50% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock (the "Firm Shares") and
the granting by the Company to the Initial Purchasers of the option to purchase
an additional 500,000 shares of such Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock to
cover over-allotments, if any (the "Option Shares" and, together with the Firm
Shares, the "Shares"). The Shares are convertible into shares of common stock,
par value $0.01 per share, of the Company at the initial conversion price set
forth in the Offering Memorandum dated December 1, 2003. In order to induce the
Initial Purchasers to enter into the Purchase Agreement, the Company has agreed
to provide to the Initial Purchasers and their direct and indirect transferees
the registration rights set forth in this Agreement. The execution and delivery
of this Agreement is a condition to the closing under the Purchase Agreement.

         In consideration of the foregoing, the parties hereto agree as follows:

         1.       Definitions. Capitalized terms used herein without definition
shall have their respective meanings set forth in the Purchase Agreement. As
used in this Agreement, the following capitalized defined terms shall have the
following meanings:

                  "Additional Dividends" shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 2(c)(i) hereof.

                  "Additional Dividends Payment Date" shall have the meaning set
forth in Section 2(c)(ii) hereof.

                  "Affiliate" of any specified Person shall mean any other
Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or
indirect common control with such specified person. For the purposes of this
definition, "control" when used with respect to any specified Person shall mean
the power to direct the management and policies of such Person, directly or
indirectly, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or
otherwise; and the terms "controlling" and "controlled" shall have meanings
correlative to the foregoing.

                  "Agreement" shall have the meaning set forth in the preamble.

                  "Applicable Conversion Price" shall mean, as of any date of
determination, the number of Shares as of such date of determination divided by
the Conversion Rate (as defined below) in effect as of such date of
determination or, if no Shares are then outstanding, the Conversion Rate that
would be in effect were Shares then outstanding.

                                      A-1
<PAGE>

                  "Business Day" shall mean each Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday,
Thursday and Friday which is not a day on which banking institutions in The City
of New York are authorized or obligated by law or executive order to close.

                  "Closing Date" shall mean the later of (i) the date on which
the Firm Shares are issued and (ii) the date on which the Option Shares are
issued.

                  "Company" shall have the meaning set forth in the preamble and
shall also include the Company's successors.

                  "Conversion Rate" shall mean 5.0541 shares of common stock,
par value $0.01 per share, of the Company per share of Preferred Stock.

                  "Depositary" shall mean The Depository Trust Company, or any
other depositary for the Securities (as defined below) appointed by the Company;
provided, however, that such depositary must have an address in the Borough of
Manhattan, in The City of New York.

                  "Firm Closing Date" shall mean the date on which the Firm
Shares are issued.

                  "Firm Shares" shall have the meaning set forth in the
preamble.

                  "Holder" shall mean an Initial Purchaser, for so long as it
owns any Registrable Securities (as defined below), and each of its successors,
assigns and direct and indirect transferees who become owners of Registrable
Securities.

                  "Indemnified Holder" shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 4(a) hereof.

                  "Indemnified Person" shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 4(c) hereof.

                  "Indemnifying Person" shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 4(c) hereof.

                  "Initial Purchasers" shall have the meaning set forth in the
preamble.

                  "Majority Holders" shall mean, on any date, Holders of a
majority of the outstanding shares of Stock (as defined below) constituting
Registrable Securities; provided, that whenever the consent or approval of
Holders of a specified percentage of Registrable Securities is required
hereunder, Registrable Securities held by the Company and other obligors on the
Securities or any Affiliate of the Company or other obligor shall be disregarded
in determining whether such consent or approval was given by the Holders of such
required percentage amount. For the purposes of this definition, Holders of
Shares constituting Registrable Securities shall be deemed to be Holders of the
number of shares of Stock into which such Shares are or would be convertible as
of such date.

                  "Material Event" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
3(f) hereof.

                  "Notice and Questionnaire" shall mean a written notice
delivered to the Company substantially in the form attached as Appendix I to the
Offering Memorandum.

                                      A-2
<PAGE>

                  "Notice Holder" shall mean, on any date, any Holder that has
delivered a Notice and Questionnaire to the Company on or prior to such date.

                  "Option Shares" shall have the meaning set forth in the
preamble.

                  "Person" shall mean any individual, corporation, partnership,
joint venture, trust, limited liability company, unincorporated organization or
government or any agency or political subdivision thereof.

                  "Prospectus" shall mean the prospectus included in the Shelf
Registration Statement (as defined below), including any preliminary prospectus,
and any such prospectus as amended or supplemented by any prospectus supplement,
including any such prospectus supplement with respect to the terms of the
offering of any portion of the Registrable Securities covered by a Shelf
Registration Statement, and by all other amendments and supplements to a
prospectus, including post-effective amendments, and in each case including all
material incorporated by reference therein.

                  "Purchase Agreement" shall have the meaning set forth in the
preamble.

                  "Registrable Securities" shall mean the Securities; provided,
however, that Securities shall cease to be Registrable Securities when (i) a
Shelf Registration Statement with respect to such Securities shall have been
declared effective under the Act and such Securities shall have been disposed of
pursuant to such Shelf Registration Statement, (ii) such Securities have been
sold to the public pursuant to Rule 144 under the Act or may be sold pursuant to
Rule 144(k) (or any similar provision then in force, but not Rule 144A) under
the Act or (iii) such Securities shall have ceased to be outstanding.

                  "Registration Default" shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 2(c)(i) hereof.

                  "Registration Expenses" shall mean any and all expenses
incident to performance of or compliance by the Company with this Agreement,
including, without limitation: (i) all Commission, stock exchange or NASD
registration and filing fees, including, if applicable, the reasonable fees and
expenses of any "qualified independent underwriter" (and its counsel) that is
required to be retained by any Holder of Registrable Securities in accordance
with the rules and regulations of the NASD; (ii) all fees and expenses incurred
in connection with compliance with state securities or blue sky laws and
compliance with the rules of the NASD (including reasonable fees and
disbursements of one counsel for the placement agent or underwriters, if any, in
connection with blue sky qualification of any of the Registrable Securities and
any filings with the NASD); (iii) all expenses of any Persons in preparing or
assisting in preparing word processing, printing and distributing any Shelf
Registration Statement, any Prospectus, any amendments or supplements thereto,
any underwriting agreements, any securities sales agreements and any other
documents relating to the performance of and compliance with this Agreement;
(iv) all fees and expenses incurred in connection with the listing, if any, of
any of the Registrable Securities on any securities exchange or exchanges; (v)
all rating agency fees; (vi) the fees and disbursements of counsel for the
Company and of the independent public accountants of the Company, including the
expenses of any special audits or "cold comfort" letters required by or incident
to such performance and compliance; (vii) the fees and expenses

                                      A-3
<PAGE>

of the transfer agent (if not the Company) and any escrow agent or custodian;
(viii) the reasonable fees and disbursements of one firm, at any one time, of
legal counsel selected by the Representatives (subject to the reasonable
approval of the Company) to represent the Holders of Registrable Securities,
which firm shall be PW unless otherwise requested in writing by the Majority
Holders; and (ix) any reasonable fees and disbursements of the underwriters
customarily required to be paid by issuers or sellers of securities and the fees
and expenses of any special experts retained by the Company in connection with
any Shelf Registration Statement, but excluding underwriting discounts and
commissions and transfer taxes, if any, relating to the sale or disposition of
Registrable Securities by a Holder.

                  "Representatives" shall have the meaning set forth in the
preamble.

                  "Securities" shall mean collectively the Shares and the Stock.

                  "Shares" shall have the meaning set forth in the preamble.

                  "Shelf Registration" shall mean a registration effected
pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof.

                  "Shelf Registration Filing Date" shall have the meaning set
forth in Section 2(a)(i) hereof.

                  "Shelf Registration Statement" shall mean a "shelf"
registration statement of the Company pursuant to the provisions of Section 2(a)
hereof which covers all of the Registrable Securities on an appropriate form
under Rule 415 under the Act, or any similar rule that may be adopted by the
Commission, and all amendments and supplements to such registration statement,
including post-effective amendments, in each case including the Prospectus
contained therein, all exhibits thereto and all material incorporated by
reference therein.

                  "Stock" shall mean the shares of common stock of the Company,
par value $0.01 per share, into which the Shares are convertible or that have
been issued upon any conversion of the Shares into common stock of the Company.

                  "Suspension Period" shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 2(a)(i) hereof.

         2.       Registration Under the Act.

                  (a)      Shelf Registration.

                           (i)      The Company agrees to use reasonable
         commercial efforts to file under the Act as promptly as practicable
         after the time that the Company becomes eligible to file registration
         statements on Form S-3 under the Act but in any event within 11 months
         after the Firm Closing Date (the "Shelf Registration Filing Date") a
         Shelf Registration Statement providing for the registration of, and the
         sale on a continuous or delayed basis by the Holders of, all of the
         Registrable Securities, pursuant to Rule 415 under the Act or any
         similar rule that may be adopted by the Commission. If the Company is
         not eligible to file registration statements on Form S-3 under the Act
         before the Shelf Registration Filing Date, then the Company shall file
         a Shelf Registration

                                      A-4
<PAGE>

         Statement on whatever form is then available for the Company to use.
         The Company agrees to use its reasonable commercial efforts to cause
         the Shelf Registration Statement to become or be declared effective
         within 120 days after the Shelf Registration Filing Date and to keep
         such Shelf Registration Statement continuously effective until the
         earliest of (i) the date on which all Registrable Securities covered by
         the Shelf Registration Statement have been sold pursuant to such Shelf
         Registration Statement, (ii) the date on which all Registrable
         Securities have been sold pursuant to Rule 144 under the Act, (iii)
         such time as there are no longer any Registrable Securities outstanding
         and (iv) the second anniversary of the Closing Date (plus, in each
         case, the number of days in any Suspension Period); provided, however,
         that upon the occurrence of any event or the discovery of any facts as
         contemplated by Section 3(f)(iv) hereof, the Company shall not be
         obligated to keep the Shelf Registration Statement effective or to
         permit the use of any Prospectus forming a part of the Shelf
         Registration Statement if the Company promptly thereafter complies with
         the requirements of Section 3(k) hereof; provided, further, that the
         failure to keep the Shelf Registration Statement effective and usable
         for offers and sales of Registrable Securities for such reason shall
         last no longer than 45 consecutive calendar days or no more than an
         aggregate of 90 calendar days during any consecutive twelve-month
         period (whereafter a Registration Default shall occur and Additional
         Dividends shall accumulate as set forth in Section 2.4(A)(v) hereof);
         any such period during which the Company is so excused from keeping the
         Shelf Registration Statement effective and usable for offers and sales
         of Registrable Securities is referred to herein as a "Suspension
         Period"; a Suspension Period shall commence on and include the date
         that the Company gives notice to the Holders that the Shelf
         Registration Statement is no longer effective or the Prospectus
         included therein is no longer usable for offers and sales of
         Registrable Securities as a result of the application of the proviso of
         the foregoing sentence, stating the reason therefor, and shall end on
         the earlier to occur of the date on which each seller of Registrable
         Securities covered by the Shelf Registration Statement either receives
         the copies of the supplemented or amended Prospectus or is advised in
         writing by the Company that use of the Prospectus may be resumed.

                           (ii)     Each Holder of Registrable Securities agrees
         that if such Holder wishes to sell Registrable Securities pursuant to
         the Shelf Registration Statement and related Prospectus, it will do so
         only in accordance with this Section 2(a)(ii) and the last paragraph of
         Section 3 hereof. To be named a selling holder in the Shelf
         Registration Statement when it first becomes effective, Holders must
         deliver a Notice and Questionnaire to the Company at least five (5)
         Business Days prior to the effectiveness of the Shelf Registration
         Statement. From and after the date the Shelf Registration Statement is
         declared effective, the Company shall, as promptly as is practicable
         after the date a Notice and Questionnaire is delivered, and in any
         event within five (5) Business Days after such date, (1) if required by
         applicable law, file with the Commission a post-effective amendment to
         the Shelf Registration Statement or prepare and, if required by
         applicable law, file a supplement to the related Prospectus or an
         amendment or supplement to any document incorporated therein by
         reference or file any other required document (including, if required,
         a new or amended Shelf Registration Statement) so that the Holder
         delivering such Notice and Questionnaire is named as a selling holder
         in the Shelf Registration Statement and the related Prospectus and so
         that such Holder is permitted to deliver such Prospectus to purchasers
         of the Registrable Securities in

                                      A-5
<PAGE>

         accordance with applicable law and, if the Company shall file a
         post-effective amendment to the Shelf Registration Statement, use
         commercially reasonable efforts to cause such post-effective amendment
         to be declared effective under the Act as promptly as is practicable,
         (2) provide such Holder copies of any documents filed pursuant to
         Section 2(a)(ii)(1) hereof and (3) notify such Holder as promptly as
         practicable after the effectiveness under the Act of any post-effective
         amendment filed pursuant to Section 2(a)(ii)(1) hereof; provided, that
         if such Notice and Questionnaire is delivered during a Suspension
         Period, the Company shall so inform the Holder delivering such Notice
         and Questionnaire and shall take the actions set forth in clauses (1),
         (2) and (3) above upon expiration of the Suspension Period.
         Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, the Company
         shall be under no obligation to name any Holder that is not a Notice
         Holder as a selling holder in the Shelf Registration Statement or
         related Prospectus; provided, however, that any Holder that becomes a
         Notice Holder pursuant to the provisions of this Section 2(a)(ii)
         (whether or not such Holder was a Notice Holder at the time the Shelf
         Registration Statement was declared effective) shall be named as a
         selling holder in the Shelf Registration Statement or related
         Prospectus in accordance with the requirements of this Section
         2(a)(ii).

                           (iii)    The Company shall not permit any securities
         other than Registrable Securities to be included in the Shelf
         Registration Statement. The Company further agrees, if necessary, to
         supplement or amend the Shelf Registration Statement, as required by
         Section 3(b) hereof, and to furnish to the Holders of Registrable
         Securities copies of any such supplement or amendment promptly after
         its being used or filed with the Commission.

                  (b)      Expenses. The Company shall pay all Registration
Expenses in connection with the registration pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof and
the performance of its obligations under Section 2(a) and Section 3 hereof. Each
Holder shall pay all underwriting discounts and commissions and transfer taxes,
if any, relating to the sale or disposition of such Holder's Registrable
Securities pursuant to the Shelf Registration Statement.

                  (c)      Interest.

                           (i)      If any of the following events (any such
         event a "Registration Default") shall occur, then additional dividends
         (the "Additional Dividends") shall become payable to Holders in respect
         of the Securities as follows:

                           (1)      if the Shelf Registration Statement is not
                  filed with the Commission by the Shelf Registration Filing
                  Date, then commencing on the day immediately after the Shelf
                  Registration Filing Date, Additional Dividends shall
                  accumulate on the outstanding Shares that are Registrable
                  Securities and on the Applicable Conversion Price of any
                  outstanding Stock that are Registrable Securities at a rate of
                  0.25% per annum for the first 90 days following such day
                  immediately after the Shelf Registration Filing Date and at a
                  rate of 0.50% per annum thereafter;

                                      A-6
<PAGE>

                           (2)      if the Shelf Registration Statement is not
                  declared effective by the Commission within 120 days following
                  the Shelf Registration Filing Date, then commencing on the
                  121st day after the Shelf Registration Filing Date, Additional
                  Dividends shall accumulate on the outstanding Shares that are
                  Registrable Securities and on the Applicable Conversion Price
                  of any outstanding Stock that are Registrable Securities at a
                  rate of 0.25% per annum for the first 90 days following such
                  121st day after the Shelf Registration Filing Date and at a
                  rate of 0.50% per annum thereafter;

                           (3)      if the Company has failed to perform its
                  obligations set forth in Section 2(a)(ii) hereof within the
                  time periods required therein, then commencing on the first
                  day after the date by which the Company was required to
                  perform such obligations, Additional Dividends shall
                  accumulate on the outstanding Shares that are Registrable
                  Securities and on the Applicable Conversion Price of any
                  outstanding Stock that are Registrable Securities at a rate of
                  0.25% per annum for the first 90 days and at a rate of 0.50%
                  per annum thereafter;

                           (4)      if the Shelf Registration Statement has been
                  declared effective but such Shelf Registration Statement
                  ceases to be effective at any time (other than as specifically
                  permitted in Section 2(a)(i) hereof) without being succeeded
                  within 30 days by an amendment thereto or an additional
                  registration statement filed and declared effective, then
                  commencing on the day such Shelf Registration Statement ceases
                  to be effective, Additional Dividends shall accumulate on the
                  outstanding Shares that are Registrable Securities and on the
                  Applicable Conversion Price of any outstanding Stock that are
                  Registrable Securities at a rate of 0.25% per annum for the
                  first 90 days following such date on which the Shelf
                  Registration Statement ceases to be effective and at a rate of
                  0.50% per annum thereafter; or

                           (5)      if the aggregate duration of Suspension
                  Periods in any period exceeds the number of days permitted in
                  respect of such period pursuant to Section 2(a)(i) hereof,
                  then commencing on the day the aggregate duration of
                  Suspension Periods in any period exceeds the number of days
                  permitted in respect of such period, Additional Dividends
                  shall accumulate on the outstanding Shares that are
                  Registrable Securities and on the Applicable Conversion Price
                  of any outstanding Stock that are Registrable Securities at a
                  rate of 0.25% per annum for the first 90 days and at a rate of
                  0.50% per annum thereafter;

         provided, however, that the Additional Dividends on the Securities
         shall not exceed in the aggregate 0.50% per annum and shall not be
         payable under more than one clause above for any given period of time,
         except that if Additional Dividends would be payable under more than
         one clause above, but at a rate of 0.25% per annum under one clause and
         at a rate of 0.50% per annum under the other, then the Additional
         Dividends rate shall be the higher rate of 0.50% per annum; provided,
         further, however, that (1) upon the filing of the Shelf Registration
         Statement (in the case of Section 2(c)(i)(1) hereof), (2) upon the
         effectiveness of the Shelf Registration Statement (in the case of
         Section 2(c)(i)(2)

                                      A-7
<PAGE>

         hereof), (3) upon the Company's performing its obligations set forth in
         Section 2(a)(ii) hereof (in the case of Section 2(c)(i)(3) hereof), (4)
         upon the effectiveness of the Shelf Registration Statement which had
         ceased to remain effective (in the case of Section 2(c)(i)(4) hereof)
         or (5) upon the termination of the Suspension Period that caused the
         limit on the aggregate duration of Suspension Periods in a period set
         forth in Section 2(a)(i) hereof to be exceeded (in the case of Section
         2(c)(i)(5) hereof), Additional Dividends on the Securities as a result
         of such Section, as the case may be, shall cease to accumulate.

                           (ii)     Additional Dividends on the Securities, if
         any, will be payable in cash on March 1, June 1, September 1 and
         December 1 of each year (the "Additional Dividends Payment Date") to
         holders of record of outstanding Registrable Securities on each
         preceding February 15, May 15, August 15 and November 15, respectively.
         The date of determination of the Applicable Conversion Price of any
         outstanding Stock that are Registrable Securities shall be the Business
         Day immediately preceding the Additional Dividends Payment Date;
         provided, that in the case of an event of the type described in Section
         2(c)(i)(3) hereof, such Additional Dividends shall be paid only to the
         Holders that have delivered Notice and Questionnaires that caused the
         Company to incur the obligations set forth in Section 2(a)(ii) hereof,
         the non-performance of which is the basis of such Registration Default;
         provided, further, that any Additional Dividends accumulated with
         respect to any Shares or portion thereof called for redemption on a
         redemption date or purchased on a purchase date or converted into Stock
         on a conversion date prior to the Registration Default shall, in any
         such event, be paid instead to the Holder who submitted such Shares or
         portion thereof for redemption, purchase or conversion on the
         applicable redemption date, purchase date or conversion date, as the
         case may be, on such date (or promptly following the conversion date,
         in the case of conversion), and shall continue to accumulate on the
         Stock issuable upon conversion of any Shares to the extent any
         Registration Default has not yet been cured. Following the cure of all
         Registration Defaults requiring the payment of Additional Dividends by
         the Company to the Holders of Registrable Securities pursuant to
         Section 2(c)(i) hereof, the accumulation of Additional Dividends will
         cease without in any way limiting the effect of any subsequent
         Registration Default requiring the payment of Additional Dividends by
         the Company.

         Notwithstanding the foregoing, the parties agree that the sole monetary
damages payable for a violation of the terms of this Agreement with respect to
which Additional Dividends are expressly provided shall be as set forth in this
Section 2(c). Nothing shall preclude a Notice Holder or Holder of Registrable
Securities from pursuing or obtaining specific performance or other equitable
relief with respect to this Agreement.

         3.       Registration Procedures. In connection with the obligations of
the Company with respect to Shelf Registration Statements pursuant to Section
2(a) hereof, the Company shall:

                  (a)      use reasonable commercial efforts to prepare and file
with the Commission a Shelf Registration Statement, within the relevant time
period specified in Section 2 hereof, on the appropriate form under the Act,
which form shall (i) be selected by the Company, (ii) be available for the sale
of the Registrable Securities by the selling Holders thereof and (iii) comply

                                      A-8
<PAGE>

as to form in all material respects with the requirements of the applicable form
and include or incorporate by reference all financial statements required by the
Commission to be filed therewith or incorporated by reference therein, and use
its reasonable commercial efforts to cause such Shelf Registration Statement to
become effective and remain effective in accordance with Section 2 hereof;

                  (b)      use reasonable commercial efforts to cause (i) any
Shelf Registration Statement and any amendment thereto, when it becomes
effective, not to contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to
state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the
statements therein not misleading and (ii) subject to Section 2(a)(iii) hereof,
any Prospectus forming part of any Shelf Registration Statement, and any
supplement to such Prospectus (as amended or supplemented from time to time),
not to include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a
material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the
statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were
made, not misleading;

                  (c)      use reasonable commercial efforts to prepare and file
with the Commission such amendments and post-effective amendments to the Shelf
Registration Statement as may be necessary under applicable law to keep such
Shelf Registration Statement effective for the applicable period; and cause each
Prospectus to be supplemented by any required prospectus supplement, and as so
supplemented to be filed pursuant to Rule 424 (or any similar provision then in
force) under the Act and comply with the provisions of the Act, the Exchange Act
and the rules and regulations thereunder applicable to them with respect to the
disposition of all securities covered by the Shelf Registration Statement during
the applicable period in accordance with the intended method or methods of
distribution reasonably requested by the selling Holders thereof;

                  (d)      (i) notify each Holder of Registrable Securities, at
least fifteen (15) calendar days prior to filing, that a Shelf Registration
Statement with respect to the Registrable Securities is being filed and advising
such Holders that the distribution of Registrable Securities will be made in
accordance with the methods reasonably requested by the Majority Holders
participating in the Shelf Registration and as set forth in the Notices and
Questionnaires, (ii) furnish to each Notice Holder of Registrable Securities and
to each underwriter of an underwritten offering of Registrable Securities, if
any, without charge, as many copies of each Prospectus, including each
preliminary Prospectus, and any amendment or supplement thereto, and such other
documents as such Notice Holder or underwriter may reasonably request, including
financial statements and schedules and, if the Notice Holder so requests, all
exhibits in order to facilitate the public sale or other disposition of the
Registrable Securities and (iii) hereby consent to the use of the Prospectus or
any amendment or supplement thereto by each of the selling Notice Holders of
Registrable Securities in connection with the offering and sale of the
Registrable Securities covered by the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement
thereto, save and except during any Suspension Period;

                  (e)      use its reasonable commercial efforts to register or
qualify the Registrable Securities under such state securities or blue sky laws
of such jurisdictions as any Notice Holder of Registrable Securities covered by
a Shelf Registration Statement and each underwriter of an underwritten offering
of Registrable Securities shall reasonably request in writing (which request

                                      A-9
<PAGE>

shall be included in the Notice and Questionnaire) by the time such Shelf
Registration Statement is declared effective by the Commission, and do any and
all other acts and things which may be reasonably necessary or advisable to
enable each such Notice Holder and underwriter to consummate the disposition in
each such jurisdiction of such Registrable Securities owned by such Notice
Holder; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to (i) qualify
as a foreign corporation or as a dealer in securities in any jurisdiction where
it would not otherwise be required to qualify but for this Section 3(e) or (ii)
take any action which would require it to file general consent to service of
process or taxation or file annual reports or comply with any other requirement
deemed by the Company in its reasonable judgment to be unduly burdensome;

                  (f)      notify promptly each Notice Holder of Registrable
Securities under a Shelf Registration and, if requested by such Notice Holder,
confirm such advice in writing promptly (i) when such Shelf Registration
Statement has become effective and when any post-effective amendments and
supplements thereto become effective, (ii) of any request by the Commission or
any state securities authority for post-effective amendments and supplements to
such Shelf Registration Statement and Prospectus or for additional information
after such Shelf Registration Statement has become effective, (iii) of the
issuance by the Commission or any state securities authority of any stop order
suspending the effectiveness of such Shelf Registration Statement or the
initiation of any proceedings for that purpose, (iv) of the happening of any
event (but not the nature of the details concerning the same) or the discovery
of any facts during the period the Shelf Registration Statement is effective
which makes any statement made in such Shelf Registration Statement or the
related Prospectus untrue in any material respect or which requires the making
of any changes in such Shelf Registration Statement or Prospectus in order to
make the statements therein not misleading (a "Material Event"); provided,
however, that no notice by the Company shall be required pursuant to this clause
(iv) in the event that the Company either promptly files a Prospectus supplement
to update the Prospectus or a Form 8-K or other appropriate Exchange Act report
that is incorporated by reference into the Shelf Registration Statement, which,
in either case, contains the requisite information with respect to such Material
Event that results in such Shelf Registration Statement no longer containing any
untrue statement of material fact or omitting to state a material fact necessary
to make the statements contained therein not misleading, (v) of the receipt by
the Company of any notification with respect to the suspension of the
qualification of the Registrable Securities, as the case may be, for sale in any
jurisdiction or the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for such purpose
and (vi) of any determination by the Company that a post-effective amendment to
the Shelf Registration Statement would be appropriate other than post-effective
amendments prepared and filed in accordance with Section 2(a)(ii) hereof;

                  (g)      furnish counsel for the Holders of Registrable
Securities copies of any comment letters received from the Commission or any
other request by the Commission or any state securities authority for amendments
or supplements to a Shelf Registration Statement and Prospectus or for
additional information;

                  (h)      use its reasonable commercial efforts to obtain the
withdrawal of any order suspending the effectiveness of the Shelf Registration
Statement as soon as practicable and provide prompt notice to legal counsel for
the Holders of the withdrawal of any such order;

                                      A-10
<PAGE>

                  (i)      furnish to each Notice Holder of Registrable
Securities, and each underwriter, if any, without charge, at least one conformed
copy of each Shelf Registration Statement and any post-effective amendment
thereto, including financial statements and schedules (without documents
incorporated therein by reference or all exhibits thereto, unless requested);

                  (j)      use its reasonable commercial efforts to cooperate
with the selling Notice Holders of Registrable Securities to facilitate the
timely preparation and delivery of certificates representing Registrable
Securities to be sold to the extent not held with the Depositary through Cede &
Co., to remove any restrictive legends, and to enable such Registrable
Securities to be in such denominations and registered in such names as the
selling Notice Holders or the underwriters, if any, may reasonably request at
least three (3) Business Days prior to the closing of any sale of Registrable
Securities;

                  (k)      upon the occurrence of any event or the discovery of
any facts, each as contemplated by Section 3(f)(ii), Section 3(f)(iii), Section
3(f)(iv), Section 3(f)(v) and Section 3(f)(vi) hereof and subject to the
provisions of the first paragraph immediately following Section 3(s) hereof, as
promptly as practicable after the occurrence of such an event, use its
reasonable commercial efforts to prepare a supplement or post-effective
amendment to the Shelf Registration Statement or the related Prospectus or any
document incorporated therein by reference or file any other required document
so that, as thereafter delivered to the purchasers of the Registrable
Securities, such Prospectus will not contain at the time of such delivery any
untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary
to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they
were made, not misleading. At such time as such public disclosure is otherwise
made or the Company determines that such disclosure is not necessary, in each
case to correct any misstatement of a material fact or to include any omitted
material fact, the Company agrees promptly to notify each Notice Holder of such
determination and to furnish each Notice Holder such number of copies of the
Prospectus, as amended or supplemented, as such Notice Holder may reasonably
request;

                  (l)      obtain a CUSIP number for all Registrable Securities
covered by the Shelf Registration Statement not later than the effective date of
such Shelf Registration Statement, and provide the transfer agent for the Shares
and the Stock with printed certificates for the Registrable Securities that are
in a form eligible for deposit with the Depositary;

                  (m)      enter into such customary agreements (including an
underwriting or similar agreement) and make such representations and warranties
and take all such other actions in connection therewith (including, without
limitation, furnishing customary comfort letters and legal opinions pursuant to
the terms of such agreement) in order to expedite or facilitate the disposition
of the Registrable Securities pursuant to any Shelf Registration Statement
contemplated by this Agreement as may be reasonably requested by any Holder of
Registrable Securities or underwriter in connection with any sale or resale
pursuant to any Shelf Registration Statement contemplated by this Agreement;

                  (n)      upon reasonable notice, for a reasonable period prior
to the filing of the Shelf Registration Statement and until the time at which
there are no Registrable Securities, make available at reasonable times at the
Company's principal place of business or such other

                                      A-11
<PAGE>

reasonable place for inspection by a representative appointed by the Notice
Holders in connection with an underwritten offering (or any underwriter,
placement agent or counsel acting on their behalf), who shall certify to the
Company that they have a current intention to sell their Registrable Securities
pursuant to the Shelf Registration Statement, such financial and other
information and books and records of the Company, and cause the officers,
directors, employees and independent certified public accountants of the Company
to respond to such inquiries, as shall be reasonably necessary, in the judgment
of the counsel to such Notice Holders, to conduct a reasonable "due diligence"
investigation; provided, however, that such persons shall first agree in writing
with the Company that any information that is reasonably and in good faith
designated by the Company in writing as confidential at the time of delivery of
such information shall be kept confidential by such persons, unless (i)
disclosure of such information is required by court or administrative order or
is necessary to respond to inquiries of regulatory authorities, (ii) disclosure
of such information is required by law (including any disclosure requirements
pursuant to federal securities laws in connection with the filing of the Shelf
Registration Statement or the use of any Prospectus), (iii) such information
becomes generally available to the public other than as a result of a disclosure
or failure to safeguard such information by such persons or (iv) such
information becomes available to such persons from a source other than the
Company and its subsidiaries and such source is not known by such persons to be
bound by a confidentiality agreement; provided, further, that the foregoing
inspection and information gathering shall be coordinated by (x) the managing
underwriter in connection with any underwritten offering pursuant to a Shelf
Registration and (y) the Holder or Holders designated by the participating
Majority Holders in connection with any non-underwritten offering pursuant to a
Shelf Registration, together with one counsel designated by and on behalf of
such persons;

                  (o)      if reasonably requested by the Initial Purchasers or
any Notice Holder, promptly incorporate in a Prospectus supplement or
post-effective amendment to the Shelf Registration Statement such information as
the Initial Purchasers or such Notice Holder shall, on the basis of a written
opinion of nationally-recognized counsel experienced in such matters, determine
to be required to be included therein by applicable law and make any required
filings of such Prospectus supplement or such post-effective amendment;
provided, that the Company shall not be required to take any actions under this
Section 3(o) that are not, in the reasonable opinion of counsel for the Company,
in compliance with applicable law;

                  (p)      use its reasonable commercial efforts to (i) confirm
that the ratings of the Shares will apply to the Shares covered by the Shelf
Registration Statement or (ii) if the Shares were not previously rated, cause
the Shares covered by the Shelf Registration Statement to be rated with the
appropriate rating agencies, if so requested by the Majority Holders of
Securities covered by such Shelf Registration Statement, or by the managing
underwriters, if any;

                  (q)      otherwise comply with all applicable rules and
regulations of the Commission and make available to its security holders, as
soon as reasonably practicable, an earnings statement covering at least 12
months which shall satisfy the provisions of Section 11(a) of the Act and Rule
158 thereunder;

                  (r)      use its reasonable commercial efforts to cause the
Stock to remain listed on the New York Stock Exchange; and

                                      A-12
<PAGE>

                  (s)      cooperate and assist in any filings required to be
made with the NASD and in the performance of any due diligence investigation by
any underwriter and its counsel (including any "qualified independent
underwriter" that is required to be retained in accordance with the rules and
regulations of the NASD).

         Each Holder agrees that upon receipt of any notice from the Company of
the happening of any event or the discovery of any facts, each of the kind
described in Section 3(f)(ii), Section 3(f)(iii), Section 3(f)(iv), Section
3(f)(v) or Section 3(f)(vi) hereof, such Holder will forthwith discontinue
disposition of Registrable Securities pursuant to such Shelf Registration
Statement or Prospectus until the receipt by such Holder of either copies of the
supplemented or amended Prospectus contemplated by Section 3(k) hereof, and, if
so directed by the Company, such Holder will deliver to the Company (at its
expense) all copies in its possession of the Prospectus covering such
Registrable Securities current at the time of receipt of such notice, or notice
in writing from the Company that such Holder may resume disposition of
Registrable Securities pursuant to such Shelf Registration Statement or
Prospectus. If the Company shall give any such notice to suspend the disposition
of Registrable Securities pursuant to a Shelf Registration Statement as a result
of the happening of any event or the discovery of any facts, each of the kind
described in Section 3(f)(ii), Section 3(f)(iii), Section 3(f)(iv), Section
3(f)(v) or Section 3(f)(vi) hereof, the Company shall be deemed to have used its
reasonable commercial efforts to keep such Shelf Registration Statement
effective during such Suspension Period; provided, that the Company shall use
its reasonable commercial efforts to file and have declared effective (if an
amendment) as soon as practicable an amendment or supplement to such Shelf
Registration Statement. The Company shall extend the period during which such
Shelf Registration Statement shall be maintained effective or the Prospectus
shall be used pursuant to this Agreement by the number of days during the period
from and including the date of the giving of the notice described above to and
including the date when the Holders shall have received copies of the
supplemented or amended Prospectus necessary to resume such dispositions or
notification that they may resume such disposition under an existing Prospectus.

         If any of the Registrable Securities covered by any Shelf Registration
Statement are to be sold in an underwritten offering, the underwriter or
underwriters and manager or managers that will manage such offering will be
selected by the Majority Holders of such Registrable Securities included in such
offering and shall be reasonably acceptable to the Company. No Holder of
Registrable Securities may participate in any underwritten registration
hereunder unless such Holder (a) agrees to sell such Holder's Registrable
Securities on the basis provided in any underwriting arrangements approved by
the persons entitled hereunder to approve such arrangements and (b) completes
and executes all questionnaires, powers of attorney, indemnities, underwriting
agreements and other documents required under the terms of such underwriting
arrangements.

         The Company may require each Holder of Registrable Securities as to
which any registration pursuant to Section 2(a) is being effected to furnish to
the Company such information regarding such Holder and such Holder's intended
method of distribution of such Registrable Securities as the Company may from
time to time reasonably request in writing, but only to the extent that such
information is required in order to comply with the Act. Each such Holder agrees
to notify the Company as promptly as practicable of any inaccuracy or change in
information previously furnished by such Holder to the Company or of the
occurrence of any event in either case as a result of which any Prospectus
relating to such registration contains or

                                      A-13
<PAGE>

would contain an untrue statement of a material fact regarding such Holder or
such Holder's intended method of disposition of such Registrable Securities or
omits to state any material fact regarding such Holder or such Holder's intended
method of disposition of such Registrable Securities required to be stated
therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, and promptly
to furnish to the Company any additional information required to correct and
update any previously furnished information or required so that such Prospectus
shall not contain, with respect to such Holder or the disposition of such
Registrable Securities, an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state
a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the
statements therein not misleading.

         Each Holder agrees, by acquisition of the Registrable Securities, that
such Holder shall not be entitled to sell any of such Registrable Securities
pursuant to the Shelf Registration Statement or to receive a Prospectus related
thereto, unless such Holder has furnished the Company with a Notice and
Questionnaire. Each Notice Holder agrees to furnish to the Company all
information required to be disclosed in order to make the information previously
furnished to the Company by such Holder not misleading and any other information
regarding such Notice Holder and the distribution of such Registrable Securities
as may be required to be disclosed in the Shelf Registration Statement under
applicable law or pursuant to the Commission's comments. Each Holder further
agrees not to sell any Registrable Securities pursuant to the Shelf Registration
Statement without delivering or causing to be delivered a Prospectus to the
purchaser thereof and, following the time at which there are no Registrable
Securities, to notify the Company, within 10 business days of a request by the
Company of the amount of Registrable Securities sold pursuant to the Shelf
Registration Statement and, in the absence of a response, the Company may assume
that all of the Holder's Registrable Securities were so sold.

         4.       Indemnification; Contribution.

         (a)      The Company agrees, to the extent permitted by law, to
indemnify and hold harmless each Holder and each Person, if any, who controls
any Holder within the meaning of Section 15 of the Act or Section 20 of the
Exchange Act, against any and all losses, claims, damages or liabilities, joint
or several, to which they or any of them may become subject under the Act or
otherwise ("Indemnified Holder"), and to reimburse the Holders and such
controlling Person or Persons, if any, for any legal or other expenses incurred
by them in connection with defending any action, suit or proceeding (including
governmental investigations) as provided in Section 4(c) hereof, insofar as such
losses, claims, damages, liabilities or actions, suits or proceedings (including
governmental investigations) arise out of or are based upon any untrue statement
or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any Shelf
Registration Statement, or, if any Shelf Registration Statement shall be amended
or supplemented, in the Shelf Registration Statement as so amended or
supplemented, or arise out of or are based upon any omission or alleged omission
to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to
make the statements therein not misleading, except insofar as such losses,
claims, damages, liabilities or actions arise out of or are based upon any such
untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission
which was made in the Shelf Registration Statement or in the Shelf Registration
Statement as so amended or supplemented, in reliance upon and in conformity with
information furnished in writing to the Company by any Holder expressly for use
therein.

                                      A-14
<PAGE>

         The Company's indemnity agreement contained in this Section 4(a), and
the covenants, representations and warranties of the Company contained in this
Agreement, shall remain in full force and effect regardless of any investigation
made by or on behalf of any Person, and the indemnity agreement contained in
this Section 4 shall survive any termination of this Agreement. The liabilities
of the Company in this Section 4 are in addition to any other liabilities of the
Company under this Agreement or otherwise.

         (b)      Each Holder agrees, severally and not jointly, to the extent
permitted by law, to indemnify, hold harmless and reimburse the Company and each
Person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the
Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act, to the same extent and upon the same
terms as the indemnity agreement of the Company set forth in Section 4(a)
hereof, but only with respect to alleged untrue statements or omissions made in
the Shelf Registration Statement or in the Shelf Registration Statement, as
amended or supplemented (if applicable), in reliance upon and in conformity with
information furnished in writing to the Company by such Holder expressly for use
therein.

         The indemnity agreement on the part of each Holder contained in this
Section 4(b) shall remain in full force and effect regardless of any
investigation made by or on behalf of the Company or any other Person, and the
indemnity agreement contained in this Section 4(b) shall survive any termination
of this Agreement.

         (c)      If a claim is made or an action, suit or proceeding (including
governmental investigations) is commenced or threatened against any person as to
which indemnity may be sought under Section 4(a) or 4(b) hereof, such Person
(the "Indemnified Person") shall notify the Person against whom such indemnity
may be sought (the "Indemnifying Person") promptly after any assertion of such
claim threatening to institute an action, suit or proceeding or, if such an
action, suit or proceeding is commenced against such Indemnified Person,
promptly after such Indemnified Person shall have been served with a summons or
other first legal process, giving information as to the nature and basis of the
claim. Failure to so notify the Indemnifying Person shall not, however, relieve
the Indemnifying Person from any liability which it may have on account of the
indemnity under Section 4(a) or 4(b) hereof if the Indemnifying Person has not
been prejudiced in any material respect by such failure. Subject to the
immediately succeeding sentence, the Indemnifying Person shall assume the
defense of any such litigation or proceeding, including the employment of
counsel and the payment of all expenses, with such counsel being designated,
subject to the immediately succeeding sentence, in writing by a majority in
interest of the Holders in the case of parties indemnified pursuant to Section
4(b) hereof and by the Company in the case of parties indemnified pursuant to
Section 4(a) hereof. Any Indemnified Person shall have the right to participate
in such litigation or proceeding and to retain its own counsel, but the fees and
expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such Indemnified Person
unless (i) the Indemnifying Person and the Indemnified Person shall have
mutually agreed to the retention of such counsel or (ii) the named parties to
any such proceeding (including any impleaded parties) include (x) the
Indemnifying Person and (y) the Indemnified Person and, in the written opinion
of counsel to such Indemnified Person, representation of both parties by the
same counsel would be inappropriate due to actual or likely conflicts of
interest between them, in either of which cases the reasonable fees and expenses
of counsel (including disbursements) for such Indemnified Person shall be
reimbursed by the Indemnifying Person to the Indemnified Person. If there is a
conflict as described in clause (ii) above, and the

                                      A-15
<PAGE>

Indemnified Persons have participated in the litigation or proceeding utilizing
separate counsel whose fees and expenses have been reimbursed by the
Indemnifying Person, and the Indemnified Persons, or any of them, are found to
be solely liable, such Indemnified Person shall repay to the Indemnifying
Parties such fees and expenses of such separate counsel as the Indemnifying
Person shall have reimbursed. It is understood that the Indemnifying Person
shall not, in connection with any litigation or proceeding or related litigation
or proceedings in the same jurisdiction as to which the Indemnified Persons are
entitled to such separate representation, be liable under this Agreement for the
reasonable fees and out-of-pocket expenses of more than one separate firm
(together with not more than one appropriate local counsel) for all such
Indemnified Persons. Subject to the next paragraph, all such fees and expenses
shall be reimbursed by payment to the Indemnified Persons of such reasonable
fees and expenses of counsel promptly after payment thereof by the Indemnified
Persons.

         In furtherance of the requirement above that fees and expenses of any
separate counsel for the Indemnified Persons shall be reasonable, the Holders
and the Company agree that the Indemnifying Person's obligations to pay such
fees and expenses shall be conditioned upon the following:

                           (1)      in case separate counsel is proposed to be
                  retained by the Indemnified Persons pursuant to clause (ii) of
                  the preceding paragraph, the Indemnified Persons shall in good
                  faith fully consult with the Indemnifying Person in advance as
                  to the selection of such counsel;

                           (2)      reimbursable fees and expenses of such
                  separate counsel shall be detailed and supported in a manner
                  reasonably acceptable to the Indemnifying Person (but nothing
                  herein shall be deemed to require the furnishing to the
                  Indemnifying Person of any information, including, without
                  limitation, computer print-outs of lawyers' daily time
                  entries, to the extent that, in the judgment of such counsel,
                  furnishing such information might reasonably be expected to
                  result in a waiver of any attorney-client privilege); and

                           (3)      the Company and the Holders shall cooperate
                  in monitoring and controlling the fees and expenses of
                  separate counsel for Indemnified Persons for which the
                  Indemnifying Person is liable hereunder, and the Indemnified
                  Person shall use every reasonable effort to cause such
                  separate counsel to minimize the duplication of activities as
                  between themselves and counsel to the Indemnifying Person.

         The Indemnifying Person shall not be liable for any settlement of any
litigation or proceeding effected without the written consent of the
Indemnifying Person, but if settled with such consent or if there be a final
judgment against the Indemnified Person, the Indemnifying Person agrees, subject
to the provisions of this Section 4, to indemnify the Indemnified Person from
and against any loss, damage, liability or expenses by reason of such settlement
or judgment. The Indemnifying Person shall not, without the prior written
consent of the Indemnified Persons, effect any settlement of any pending or
threatened litigation, proceeding or claim in respect of which indemnity has
been properly sought by the Indemnified Persons hereunder, unless such
settlement includes an unconditional release by the claimant of all

                                      A-16
<PAGE>

Indemnified Persons from all liability with respect to claims which are the
subject matter of such litigation, proceeding or claim.

         (d)      If the indemnification provided for in this Section 4 is
unavailable to or insufficient to hold harmless an Indemnified Person under this
Section 4 in respect of any losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions,
suits or proceedings (including governmental investigations) in respect thereof)
referred to therein, then each Indemnifying Person under this Section 4 shall
contribute to the amount paid or payable by such Indemnified Person as a result
of such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof)
in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received
by the Indemnifying Person on the one hand and the Indemnified Person on the
other from the sale of the Registrable Securities. If, however, the allocation
provided by the immediately preceding sentence is not permitted by applicable
law, then each Indemnifying Person shall contribute to such amount paid or
payable by such Indemnified Person in such proportion as is appropriate to
reflect not only such relative benefits but also the relative fault of each
Indemnifying Person, if any, on the one hand and the Indemnified Person on the
other in connection with the statements or omissions which resulted in such
losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions, suits or proceedings
(including governmental investigations) in respect thereof), as well as any
other relevant equitable considerations. The relative fault shall be determined
by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue
statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged omission to state a
material fact relates to information supplied by the Company on the one hand or
the Holders on the other and the parties' relative intent, knowledge, access to
information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission.
The Company and the Holders agree that it would not be just and equitable if
contribution pursuant to this Section 4 were determined by pro rata allocation
(even if the Holders were treated as one entity for such purpose) or by any
other method of allocation which does not take account of the equitable
considerations referred to in this Section 4. The amount paid or payable by an
Indemnified Person as a result of the losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or
actions, suits or proceedings (including governmental proceedings) in respect
thereof) referred to in this Section 4 shall be deemed to include any legal or
other expenses reasonably incurred by such Indemnified Person in connection with
investigating or defending any such actions, suits or proceedings (including
governmental proceedings) or claims, provided that the provisions of this
Section 4 have been complied with (in all material respects) in respect of any
separate counsel for such Indemnified Person. Notwithstanding the provisions of
this Section 4, no Holder shall be required to contribute any amount greater
than the excess of the amount by which the total received by such Holder with
respect to the sale of its Registrable Securities pursuant to a Shelf
Registration Statement exceeds the sum of (A) the amount paid by such Holder for
such Registrable Securities plus (B) the amount of any damages which such Holder
has otherwise been required to pay by reason of such untrue or alleged untrue
statement or omission or alleged omission. No Person guilty of fraudulent
misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Act) shall be
entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent
misrepresentation. The Holders' obligations in this Section 4 to contribute are
several in proportion to their respective obligations and not joint.

         The agreement with respect to contribution contained in this Section 4
shall remain in full force and effect regardless of any investigation made by or
on behalf of the Company or any Holder, and shall survive any termination of
this Agreement.

                                      A-17
<PAGE>

         5.       Miscellaneous.

                  (a)      Rule 144 and Rule 144A. For so long as the Company is
subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13 or 15 of the Exchange Act,
the Company covenants that it will file the reports required to be filed by it
under the Act and Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and
regulations adopted by the Commission thereunder. If the Company ceases to be so
required to file such reports, the Company covenants that it will, upon the
request of any Holder of Registrable Securities, (i) make publicly available
such information as is necessary to permit sales pursuant to Rule 144 under the
Act, (ii) deliver such information to a prospective purchaser as is necessary to
permit sales pursuant to Rule 144A under the Act and (iii) take such further
action that is reasonable in the circumstances, in each case, to the extent
required from time to time to enable such Holder to sell its Registrable
Securities without registration under the Act within the limitation of the
exemptions provided by (A) Rule 144 under the Act, as such Rule may be amended
from time to time, (B) Rule 144A under the Act, as such Rule may be amended from
time to time or (C) any similar rules or regulations hereafter adopted by the
Commission. Upon the request of any Holder of Registrable Securities, the
Company will deliver to such Holder a written statement as to whether it has
complied with such requirements.

                  (b)      No Inconsistent Agreements. The Company has not
entered into and the Company will not after the date of this Agreement enter
into any agreement which is inconsistent with the rights granted to the Holders
of Registrable Securities in this Agreement or otherwise conflicts with the
provisions hereof. The rights granted to the Holders hereunder do not and will
not for the term of this Agreement in any way conflict with the rights granted
to the holders of the Company's other issued and outstanding securities under
any such agreements.

                  (c)      Amendments and Waivers. The provisions of this
Agreement, including the provisions of this sentence, may not be amended,
modified or supplemented, and waivers or consents to departures from the
provisions hereof may not be given, unless the Company has obtained the written
consent of the Majority Holders of the Registrable Securities affected by such
amendment, modification, supplement, waiver or departure. Without the consent of
the Holder of each Security, however, no modification may change the provisions
relating to the payment of Additional Dividends.

                  (d)      Notices. All notices and other communications
provided for or permitted hereunder shall be made in writing by hand delivery,
registered first-class mail, telecopier or any courier guaranteeing overnight
delivery: (a) if to a Holder, at the most current address given by such Holder
to the Company by means of a notice given in accordance with the provisions of
this Section 5(d), which address initially is the address set forth in the
Purchase Agreement with respect to the Initial Purchasers; and (b) if to the
Company, initially at the Company's address set forth in the Purchase Agreement,
and thereafter at such other address of which notice is given in accordance with
the provisions of this Section 5(d).

         All such notices and communications shall be deemed to have been duly
given: at the time delivered by hand, if personally delivered; two (2) Business
Days after being deposited in the mail, postage prepaid, if mailed; when receipt
is acknowledged, if telecopied; and on the next Business Day if timely delivered
to an air courier guaranteeing overnight delivery.

                                      A-18
<PAGE>

                  (e)      Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall inure to
the benefit of and be binding upon the successors, assigns and transferees of
each of the parties, including, without limitation and without the need for an
express assignment, subsequent Holders; provided, that nothing herein shall be
deemed to permit any assignment, transfer or other disposition of Registrable
Securities in violation of the terms of the Purchase Agreement. If any
transferee of any Holder shall acquire Registrable Securities, in any manner,
whether by operation of law or otherwise, such Registrable Securities shall be
held subject to all of the terms of this Agreement, and by taking and holding
such Registrable Securities such person shall be conclusively deemed to have
agreed to be bound by and to perform all of the terms and provisions of this
Agreement, including the restrictions on resale set forth in this Agreement and,
if applicable, the Purchase Agreement, and such person shall be entitled to
receive the benefits hereof.

                  (f)      Third Party Beneficiaries. The Initial Purchasers
(even if the Initial Purchasers are not Holders of Registrable Securities) shall
be third party beneficiaries to the agreements made hereunder between the
Company, on the one hand, and the Holders, on the other hand, and shall have the
right to enforce such agreements directly to the extent they deem such
enforcement necessary or advisable to protect their rights or the rights of
Holders hereunder. Each Holder of Registrable Securities shall be a third party
beneficiary to the agreements made hereunder between the Company, on the one
hand, and the Initial Purchasers, on the other hand, and shall have the right to
enforce such agreements directly to the extent it deems such enforcement
necessary or advisable to protect its rights hereunder.

                  (g)      Specific Performance. Without limiting the remedies
available to the Initial Purchasers and the Holders, the Company acknowledges
that any failure by the Company to comply with its obligations under Section 2
hereof may result in material irreparable injury to the Initial Purchasers or
the Holders for which there is no adequate remedy at law, that it would not be
possible to measure damages for such injuries precisely and that, in the event
of any such failure, the Initial Purchasers or any Holder may obtain such relief
as may be required to specifically enforce the Company's obligations under
Section 2 hereof.

                  (h)      Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any
number of counterparts and by the parties hereto in separate counterparts, each
of which when so executed shall be deemed to be an original and all of which
taken together shall constitute one and the same agreement.

                  (i)      Headings. The headings in this Agreement are for the
convenience of reference only and shall not limit or otherwise affect the
meaning hereof.

                  (J)      GOVERNING LAW. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY
AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK WITHOUT
REGARD TO THE PRINCIPLES OF CONFLICT OF LAWS THEREOF.

                  (k)      Severability. In the event that any one or more of
the provisions contained herein, or the application thereof in any circumstance,
is held invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and
enforceability of any such provision in every other respect and of the remaining
provisions contained herein shall not be affected or impaired thereby.

                                      A-19
<PAGE>

                  (l)      Entire Agreement. This Agreement and other writings
referred to herein (including the Purchase Agreement) represent the entire
agreement among the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof and
supercedes and replaces any and all prior agreements and understandings, whether
oral or written, with respect thereto.

                                      A-20
<PAGE>

         IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Agreement as of the
date first above written.

                             CMS ENERGY CORPORATION

                             By: _______________________________________________
                                 Name:
                                 Title:

CONFIRMED AND ACCEPTED
AS OF THE DATE FIRST ABOVE WRITTEN:

CITIGROUP GLOBAL MARKETS INC.,
for itself and as Representative
of the Initial Purchasers

By: __________________________________
    Name:
    Title:

MERRILL LYNCH, PIERCE, FENNER & SMITH
                  INCORPORATED,

for itself and as Representative
of the Initial Purchasers

By: _________________________________
    Name:
    Title:

                                      A-21
<PAGE>

                                    EXHIBIT B

1.       The Company is a duly organized, validly existing corporation in good
standing under the laws of the State of Michigan.

2.       All legally required corporate proceedings in connection with the
authorization, issuance and validity of the Restricted Shares and the sale of
the Restricted Shares by the Company in accordance with the Purchase Agreement
have been taken; and no approval, authorization, consent or order of any
governmental regulatory body is required with respect to the issuance and sale
of the Restricted Shares (other than in connection with or in compliance with
the provisions of the securities or blue sky laws of any state, as to which I
express no opinion, and the filing with and acceptance by the Michigan
Department of Consumer and Industry Services, Bureau of Commercial Services of
the Certificate of Designation, which has been so filed and accepted).

3.       I do not know of any legal or governmental proceedings that would be
required to be described in the Offering Memorandum if it were a registration
statement filed by the Company under the Act that are not described as required,
nor of any contracts or documents of a character so required to be described in
the Offering Memorandum that are not described as required.

4.       The statements made in the Offering Memorandum under the caption
"Description of the Preferred Stock", "Registration Rights", "Description of our
Capital Stock" and "Certain Material United States Federal Income Tax
Considerations" constitute summaries of legal matters or documents referred to
therein and are accurate in all material respects; and the Restricted Shares and
the Issuable Common Stock conform as to legal matters to the descriptions
thereof and to the statements in regard thereto contained in such section of the
Offering Memorandum.

5.       Each document incorporated in the Offering Memorandum as such document
was originally filed pursuant to the Exchange Act (except for (i) the operating
statistics, financial statements and schedules contained or incorporated by
reference therein (including the notes thereto and the auditors' reports
thereon) and (ii) the other financial or statistical information contained or
incorporated by reference therein, as to which I express no opinion) complied as
to form when so filed in all material respects with the Exchange Act and the
applicable rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder.

6.       The Purchase Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered
by the Company.

7.       The Registration Rights Agreement has been duly authorized, executed
and delivered by the Company and, assuming due authorization, execution and
delivery thereof by the Initial Purchasers, is a valid and binding obligation of
the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms,
except to the extent that enforcement thereof may be limited by bankruptcy,
insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws affecting
creditors' rights generally or by general principles of equity (regardless of
whether enforcement is considered in a proceeding at law or in equity).

                                      B-1
<PAGE>

8.       The Restricted Shares have been duly authorized, executed and delivered
by the Company and, when delivered against payment therefor as provided in the
Purchase Agreement, will have been duly and validly issued, fully paid and
non-assessable; no stamp taxes in respect of the original issue thereof are
payable; and the Restricted Shares will be convertible into Common Stock in
accordance with their terms.

9.       The issuance, sale and conversion of the Restricted Shares in
accordance with the terms of the Certificate of Designation and the Purchase
Agreement do not violate the provisions of the Restated Articles of
Incorporation or the Bylaws of the Company, and will not result in a breach of
any of the terms or provisions of, or constitute a default under, any indenture,
mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement or other material agreement or
instrument to which the Company is a party.

10.      The Company is not an "investment company" or a company "controlled" by
an "investment company" within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of
1940, as amended.

11.      The Company (i) is a "holding company", as such term is defined in the
Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935, as amended, and (ii) is currently
exempt from all provisions of the Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935, as
amended, except Section 9(a)(2) thereof.

12.      No registration under the Act of the Restricted Shares is required for
the sale of the Restricted Shares to the Initial Purchasers as contemplated by
the Purchase Agreement or for the Exempt Resales assuming (i) that each of the
Initial Purchasers is an Eligible Purchaser or an Accredited Investor (as
defined in Regulation D under the Act), (ii) the accuracy of, and compliance
with, the Initial Purchasers' representations and agreements contained in
Section 8 of the Purchase Agreement, and (iii) the accuracy of the
representations of the Company set forth in Sections 6(e), 6(n), 7(n), 7(p) and
7(r) of the Purchase Agreement.

13.      Except for the outstanding shares of preferred stock of Consumers
Energy Company, the 8.36% Trust Originated Preferred Securities of Consumers
Power Company Financing I, the 8.20% Trust Originated Preferred Securities of
Consumers Energy Company Financing II, the 9 1/4% Trust Originated Preferred
Securities of Consumers Energy Company Financing III and the 9.00% Trust
Preferred Securities of Consumers Energy Company Financing IV, all of the
outstanding capital stock of each of Consumers Energy Company and CMS
Enterprises Company is owned directly or indirectly by the Company, free and
clear of any security interest, claim, lien or other encumbrance (except as
disclosed in the Offering Memorandum) or preemptive rights, and there are no
outstanding rights (including, without limitation, preemptive rights), warrants
or options to acquire, or instruments convertible into or exchangeable for, any
shares of capital stock or other equity interest in any of Consumers Energy
Company and CMS Enterprises Company or any contract, commitment, agreement,
understanding or arrangement of any kind relating to the issuance of any such
capital stock, any such convertible or exchangeable securities or any such
rights, warrants or options.

14.      The Company has an authorized capitalization as set forth in the
Offering Memorandum and all of the issued shares of capital stock of the Company
have been duly and validly authorized and issued and are fully paid and
non-assessable. The shares of Issuable Common

                                      B-2
<PAGE>

Stock have been duly and validly authorized and reserved for issuance by the
Company and, when issued and delivered in accordance with the provisions of the
Certificate of Designation, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and
non-assessable and will conform in all material respects to the description of
the Common Stock contained in the Offering Memorandum and the issuance of the
Issuable Common Stock is not, and will not be, subject to any preemptive or
other similar right.

15.      Nothing has come to my attention that would lead me to believe that the
Offering Memorandum (other than (i) the operating statistics, financial
statements and schedules contained or incorporated by reference therein
(including the notes thereto and the auditors' reports thereon) and (ii) the
other financial or statistical information contained or incorporated by
reference therein, as to which I express no opinion), as of its date or at the
date hereof contained or contains an untrue statement of a material fact or
omitted or omits to state a material fact necessary in order to make the
statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were
made, not misleading.

                                      B-3
<PAGE>

                                   EXHIBIT C-1

1.       The offer, sale and delivery of the Restricted Shares to the Initial
Purchasers in the manner contemplated by the Purchase Agreement and the Offering
Memorandum and the initial resale of the Restricted Shares by the Initial
Purchasers in the manner contemplated in the Offering Memorandum and the
Purchase Agreement, do not require registration under the Act, it being
understood that we do not express any opinion as to any subsequent reoffer or
resale of any of the Restricted Shares.

2.       The Registration Rights Agreement is a valid and binding agreement of
the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms.

                                     C-1-1

<PAGE>

                                   EXHIBIT C-2

No facts have come to our attention that have caused us to believe that the
Offering Memorandum, as of its date and as of the date hereof, contained or
contains an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted or omits to state a
material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the
circumstances under which they were made, not misleading (except that in each
case we do not express any view as to the financial statements, schedules and
other financial data and financial projections included therein or excluded
therefrom). For purposes of the foregoing, we note that the Offering Memorandum
has been prepared in the context of a Rule 144A transaction and not as part of a
registration statement under the Act and does not contain all the information
that would be required in a registration statement under the Act.

                                     C-2-1

<PAGE>

                                    EXHIBIT D

               [Letterhead of officer or director of the Company]

                                __________, 2003

Citigroup Global Markets Inc.
   As Representative of the several Initial Purchasers
388 Greenwich Street
New York, New York 10013

Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith
                  Incorporated

   As Representative of the several Initial Purchasers
4 World Financial Center
New York, New York 10080

Ladies and Gentlemen:

         This letter is being delivered to you in connection with a proposed
Purchase Agreement (the "Purchase Agreement") between CMS Energy Corporation, a
Michigan corporation (the "Company"), and you as representatives of a group of
Initial Purchasers named therein, whereby the Initial Purchasers have agreed to
purchase Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock, convertible into shares of
common stock, par value $0.01 per share (the "Restricted Shares"), of the
Company pursuant to the Purchase Agreement. Terms used but not defined in this
letter shall have the meanings ascribed to such terms in the Purchase Agreement.

         In order to induce you and the other Initial Purchasers to purchase the
Restricted Shares pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the undersigned will not,
without the prior written consent of the Representatives, offer, sell, contract
to sell, pledge or otherwise dispose of, or file (or participate in the filing
of) a registration statement with the Commission in respect of, or establish or
increase a put equivalent position or liquidate or decrease a call equivalent
position within the meaning of Section 16 of the Exchange Act, and the rules and
regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder with respect to, any shares
of capital stock of the Company or any securities convertible or exercisable or
exchangeable for such capital stock, or publicly announce an intention to effect
any such transaction, for a period of 60 days after the date of the Purchase
Agreement, other than shares of Common Stock disposed of as bona fide gifts
approved by the Representatives, and up to 10,000 shares of Common Stock for any
one executive officer or director of the Company with an aggregate limit of
100,000 shares of Common Stock for all executive officers or directors of the
Company.

         If for any reason the Purchase Agreement shall be terminated prior to
the Time of Purchase (as defined in the Purchase Agreement), the agreement set
forth above shall likewise be terminated.

                                             Very truly yours,

                                      D-1

<PAGE>

                                             By: _______________________________
                                                 Name:
                                                 Title:

                                      D-2