I 

109TH CONGRESS 

1ST SESSION H. R. 1413 

To make the protection of vulnerable populations, especially women and 

children, who are affected by a humanitarian emergency a priority of 

the United States Government, and for other purposes. 

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 

MARCH 17, 2005 

Mrs. LOWEY (for herself, Mr. SHAYS, Mrs. MALONEY, Ms. KAPTUR, Mr. 

DOGGETT, Mr. GEORGE MILLER of California, Mr. EVANS, Mr. WEXLER, 

Mr. MOORE of Kansas, Ms. WOOLSEY, Mrs. JONES of Ohio, Mr. 

ENGLISH of Pennsylvania, Mr. ENGEL, Ms. SOLIS, Mr. SERRANO, Mr. 

OWENS, Mr. CUMMINGS, Mr. MCDERMOTT, Mr. PAYNE, Mr. BROWN of 

Ohio, Ms. ZOE LOFGREN of California, Mr. KUCINICH, Mr. LEWIS of 

Georgia, Mr. SANDERS, Mr. BOEHLERT, Mr. WAXMAN, Mr. LIPINSKI, 

Mr. ALLEN, Ms. CORRINE BROWN of Florida, Ms. NORTON, Mr. 

DELAHUNT, Mr. GRIJALVA, Mr. CROWLEY, Ms. SCHAKOWSKY, Mr. LANTOS, and Mr. MCINTYRE) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on International Relations 

A BILL 

To make the protection of vulnerable populations, especially 

women and children, who are affected by a humanitarian 

emergency a priority of the United States Government, 

and for other purposes. 

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
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1 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 

2 This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Women and Children 

3 in Crisis and Conflict Protection Act of 2005’’. 

4 SEC. 2. TABLE OF CONTENTS. 

5 The table of contents of this Act is as follows: 

Sec. 1. Short title. 

Sec. 2. Table of contents. 

Sec. 3. Definitions. 

Sec. 4. Findings. 

TITLE I—PROGRAM AND POLICY COORDINATION 

Sec. 101. Requirement to develop comprehensive strategy. 

Sec. 102. Designation of Coordinator. 

TITLE II—PREVENTION AND PREPAREDNESS 

Sec. 201. Reporting and monitoring systems. 

Sec. 202. Protection training and expertise. 

TITLE III—PROTECTION OF REFUGEES AND INTERNALLY 

DISPLACED PERSONS 

Sec. 301. Code of conduct for the protection of beneficiaries of humanitarian 

assistance. 

Sec. 302. Health services for refugees and displaced persons. 

Sec. 303. Economic self-sufficiency of vulnerable populations affected by a humanitarian emergency. 

Sec. 304. International military education and training. 

Sec. 305. Sense of Congress regarding actions of United Nations peacekeepers. 

TITLE IV—PROTECTION OF VULNERABLE POPULATIONS 

AFFECTED BY A HUMANITARIAN EMERGENCY 

Sec. 401. Actions to support protection. 

Sec. 402. Protection assistance. 

6 SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS. 

7 In this Act: 

8 (1) AGENCY.—The term ‘‘Agency’’ means the 

9 United States Agency for International Develop10 ment. 
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1 (2) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMIT2 TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com3 mittees’’ means— 

4 (A) the Committee on Appropriations and 

5 the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Sen6 ate; and 

7 (B) the Committee on Appropriations and 

8 the Committee on International Relations of the 

9 House of Representatives. 

10 (3) CHILDREN.—The term ‘‘children’’ means 

11 persons under the age of 18 years. 

12 (4) COORDINATOR.—The term ‘‘coordinator’’ 

13 means the individual designated by the Secretary 

14 under section 102(a). 

15 (5) DEPARTMENT.—The term ‘‘Department’’ 

16 means the Department of State. 

17 (6) EXPLOITATION OF CHILDREN.—The term 

18 ‘‘exploitation of children’’ includes— 

19 (A) adult sexual activity with children; 

20 (B) kidnapping or forcibly separating chil21 dren from their families; 

22 (C) subjecting children to forced child 

23 labor; 
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1 (D) forcing children to commit or witness 

2 acts of violence, including compulsory recruit3 ment into armed forces or as combatants; and 

4 (E) withholding or obstructing access of 

5 children to food, shelter, medicine, and basic 

6 human services. 

7 (7) FORMER COMBATANT.—The term ‘‘former 

8 combatant’’ means a woman or child who was a 

9 member of or affiliated with an armed group, includ10 ing serving as a cook, porter, or messenger, or in a 

11 domestic or sexual capacity or in any other support 

12 role, whether or not the woman or child consented 

13 to such participation. 

14 (8) HIV.—The term ‘‘HIV’’ means the human 

15 immunodeficiency virus, the virus that causes the ac16 quired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). 

17 (9) HUMANITARIAN EMERGENCY.—The term 

18 ‘‘humanitarian emergency’’ means a situation in 

19 which, due to a natural or manmade disaster, civil20 ians, including refugees and internally displaced per21 sons, require basic humanitarian assistance. 

22 (10) INTER-AGENCY STANDING COMMITTEE.— 

23 The term ‘‘Inter-Agency Standing Committee’’ 

24 means the Inter-Agency Standing Committee estab-
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1 lished in response to United Nations General Assem2 bly Resolution 46/182 of December 19, 1991. 

3 (11) PROTECTION.—The term ‘‘protection’’ 

4 means all appropriate measures to provide for the 

5 physical and psychological security of, provide equal 

6 access to basic services for, and safeguard the legal 

7 and human rights of, individuals. 

8 (12) SECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Secretary’’ 

9 means the Secretary of State. 

10 (13) SEX TRAFFICKING.—The term ‘‘sex traf11 ficking’’ has the meaning given the term in section 

12 103 of Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 

13 (22 U.S.C. 7102). 

14 (14) SEXUAL EXPLOITATION AND ABUSE.—The 

15 term ‘‘sexual exploitation and abuse’’ means causing 

16 harm to a person through— 

17 (A) rape; 

18 (B) sexual assault or torture; 

19 (C) sex trafficking and trafficking in per20 sons; 

21 (D) demands for sex in exchange for em22 ployment, goods, services, or protection; and 

23 (E) other forms of sexual violence. 

24 (15) TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS.—The term 

25 ‘‘trafficking in persons’’ has the meaning given the 
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1 term ‘‘severe forms of trafficking in persons’’ in sec2 tion 103 of Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 

3 2000 (22 U.S.C. 7102). 

4 (16) VULNERABLE POPULATIONS.—The term 

5 ‘‘vulnerable populations’’ means those people, such 

6 as women, children, the disabled, and the elderly, 

7 who by virtue of their status are at a disadvantage 

8 in obtaining or accessing goods and services. 

9 SEC. 4. FINDINGS. 

10 Congress makes the following findings: 

11 (1) The nature of war has changed dramatically 

12 in recent decades, putting civilians, especially women 

13 and children, at greater risk of death, disease, dis14 placement, and exploitation. 

15 (2) In the last decade alone, more than 

16 2,000,000 children have been killed during wars, 

17 while more than 4,000,000 have survived physical 

18 mutilation, and more than 1,000,000 have been or19 phaned or separated from their families as a result 

20 of war. 

21 (3) The use of rape, particularly against women 

22 and girls, is an increasingly common tactic in mod23 ern war. 

24 (4) Civilians, particularly women and children, 

25 account for the vast majority of those adversely af-
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1 fected by humanitarian emergencies, including as 

2 refugees and internally displaced persons, and in3 creasingly are targeted by combatants and armed 

4 elements for murder, abduction, forced military con5 scription, involuntary servitude, displacement, sexual 

6 abuse and slavery, mutilation, and loss of freedom. 

7 (5) Large-scale natural disasters, such as the 

8 tsunami that struck South East Asia, South Asia, 

9 and East Africa on December 26, 2004, and claimed 

10 over 200,000 lives, are particularly threatening to 

11 children, who are often orphaned or separated from 

12 their families. 

13 (6) Traditionally, the response to such humani14 tarian emergencies has focused on providing food, 

15 medical care, and shelter needs, and has placed less 

16 emphasis on the safety and security of those affected 

17 by a humanitarian emergency. 

18 (7) Refugee women and girls face particular 

19 threats because of power inequities, including being 

20 forced to exchange sex for food and humanitarian 

21 supplies, and being at increased risk of rape and 

22 sexual exploitation and abuse due to poor security in 

23 refugee camps. 

24 (8) In some circumstances, humanitarian agen25 cies have failed to make individuals affected by a hu-
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1 manitarian emergency, especially women and chil2 dren, aware of their rights to protection and assist3 ance, to give them access to effective channels of re4 dress, and to make humanitarian workers aware of 

5 their duty to respect these rights and provide ade6 quate assistance. 

7 (9) Refugee and displaced women face height8 ened risks of developing complications during preg9 nancy, suffering a miscarriage, dying, being injured 

10 during childbirth, becoming infected with HIV or 

11 another sexually transmitted infection, or suffering 

12 from posttraumatic stress disorder. 

13 (10) Despite the heightened risks for women 

14 during a humanitarian emergency, women’s needs 

15 for specialized health services have often been over16 looked by donors and relief organizations, which are 

17 focused on providing food, water, and shelter. 

18 (11) There is a substantial need for the protec19 tion of civilians, especially women and children, to be 

20 given a high priority during all humanitarian emer21 gencies. 
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1 TITLE I—PROGRAM AND POLICY 

2 COORDINATION 

3 SEC. 101. REQUIREMENT TO DEVELOP COMPREHENSIVE 

4 STRATEGY. 

5 (a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall, in consulta6 tion with the Administrator of the United States Agency 

7 for International Development, develop a comprehensive 

8 strategy for the protection of vulnerable populations, espe9 cially women and children, who are affected by a humani10 tarian emergency. The strategy shall include— 

11 (1) measures to address the specific protection 

12 needs of women and children; 

13 (2) training for personnel to respond to the spe14 cific needs of such vulnerable populations; and 

15 (3) measures taken to comply with section 301. 

16 (b) REPORT.—Not later than 180 days after the date 

17 of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit 

18 to the appropriate congressional committees a report set19 ting forth the strategy described in subsection (a). 

20 SEC. 102. DESIGNATION OF COORDINATOR. 

21 (a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 60 days after the 

22 date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall des23 ignate an individual within the Department or the Agency 

24 as the coordinator to be responsible for the oversight and 

25 coordination of efforts by the Department and the Agency 
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1 to provide protection for vulnerable populations, especially 

2 women and children, affected by a humanitarian emer3 gency. 

4 (b) CONSULTATION REQUIREMENT.—The Secretary 

5 shall consult with the Administrator of the United States 

6 Agency for International Development in making a des7 ignation under subsection (a). 

8 (c) NOTIFICATION.—Not later than 5 days after des9 ignating an official as a coordinator under subsection (a), 

10 the Secretary shall inform the appropriate congressional 

11 committees of such designation. 

12 TITLE II—PREVENTION AND 

13 PREPAREDNESS 

14 SEC. 201. REPORTING AND MONITORING SYSTEMS. 

15 (a) DUTIES OF COORDINATOR.—The coordinator 

16 shall— 

17 (1) develop and maintain a database of histor18 ical information about occurrences of sexual exploi19 tation and abuse, and other exploitation, of women 

20 and children during a humanitarian emergency; 

21 (2) establish a reporting and monitoring system 

22 for United States diplomatic missions to collect and 

23 submit to the coordinator information that indicates 

24 that vulnerable populations, especially women and 

25 children, are being targeted for or are at substantial 
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1 risk of violence or exploitation in humanitarian 

2 emergencies; 

3 (3) assist United States diplomatic missions in 

4 developing responses to situations where there is a 

5 substantial risk of sexual exploitation and abuse, or 

6 other exploitation, of women and children that may 

7 occur during a humanitarian emergency; and 

8 (4) develop mechanisms for the receipt and dis9 tribution of reports to and from the public and rel10 evant nongovernmental and international organiza11 tions of evidence of sexual exploitation and abuse, 

12 and other exploitation, of women and children dur13 ing a humanitarian emergency. 

14 (b) CONSULTATION.—In carrying out duties under 

15 paragraphs (1) and (2) of subsection (a), the Coordinator 

16 shall consult with inter-governmental organizations and 

17 nongovernmental organizations. 

18 SEC. 202. PROTECTION TRAINING AND EXPERTISE. 

19 (a) FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM.—The Administrator of 

20 the United States Agency for International Development 

21 is authorized to establish a fellowship program at the 

22 Agency to increase the expertise of the personnel of the 

23 Agency in developing programs and policies to carry out 

24 activities related to the protection of vulnerable popu-
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1 lations, especially women and children, affected by a hu2 manitarian emergency. 

3 (b) TERM OF FELLOWSHIP.—An individual may par4 ticipate in a fellowship under this section for a term of 

5 not more than 3 years. 

6 (c) NUMBER OF FELLOWS.—The Administrator is 

7 authorized to employ up to 10 fellows at any one time 

8 under this program. 

9 (d) QUALIFICATION.—An individual is qualified to 

10 participate in a fellowship under this section if such indi11 vidual has the specific expertise required— 

12 (1) to develop and implement policies and pro13 grams related to the protection of vulnerable popu14 lations, especially women and children; and 

15 (2) to promote the exchange of knowledge and 

16 experience between the Agency and entities that as17 sist the Agency in carrying out assistance programs. 

18 TITLE III—PROTECTION OF REF19 UGEES AND INTERNALLY DIS20 PLACED PERSONS 

21 SEC. 301. CODE OF CONDUCT FOR THE PROTECTION OF 

22 BENEFICIARIES OF HUMANITARIAN ASSIST23 ANCE. 

24 (a) PROHIBITION.—None of the funds made available 

25 for foreign operations, export financing, and related pro-
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1 grams under the headings ‘‘Migration and Refugee Assist2 ance’’, ‘‘United States Emergency Refugee and Migration 

3 Assistance Fund’’, ‘‘International Disaster and Famine 

4 Assistance’’, or ‘‘Transition Initiatives’’ may be obligated 

5 to an organization that fails to adopt a code of conduct 

6 that provides for the protection of beneficiaries of assist7 ance under any such heading from sexual exploitation and 

8 abuse in humanitarian relief operations. 

9 (b) SIX CORE PRINCIPLES.—The code of conduct re10 ferred to in subsection (a) shall, to the maximum extent 

11 practicable, be consistent with the following six core prin12 ciples of the Inter-Agency Standing Committee Task 

13 Force on Protection From Sexual Exploitation and Abuse 

14 in Humanitarian Crises: 

15 (1) ‘‘Sexual exploitation and abuse by humani16 tarian workers constitute acts of gross misconduct 

17 and are therefore grounds for termination of employ18 ment.’’. 

19 (2) ‘‘Sexual activity with children (persons 

20 under the age of 18) is prohibited regardless of the 

21 age of majority or age of consent locally. Mistaken 

22 belief regarding the age of a child is not a defense.’’. 

23 (3) ‘‘Exchange of money, employment, goods, or 

24 services for sex, including sexual favors or other 

25 forms of humiliating, degrading or exploitative be-
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1 havior, is prohibited. This includes exchange of as2 sistance that is due to beneficiaries.’’. 

3 (4) ‘‘Sexual relationships between humanitarian 

4 workers and beneficiaries are strongly discouraged 

5 since they are based on inherently unequal power dy6 namics. Such relationships undermine the credibility 

7 and integrity of humanitarian aid work.’’. 

8 (5) ‘‘Where a humanitarian worker develops 

9 concerns or suspicions regarding sexual abuse or ex10 ploitation by a fellow worker, whether in the same 

11 agency or not, he or she must report such concerns 

12 via established agency reporting mechanisms.’’. 

13 (6) ‘‘Humanitarian agencies are obliged to cre14 ate and maintain an environment which prevents 

15 sexual exploitation and abuse and promotes the im16 plementation of their code of conduct. Managers at 

17 all levels have particular responsibilities to support 

18 and develop systems which maintain this environ19 ment.’’. 

20 (c) REPORT.—Not later than 180 days after the date 

21 of the enactment of this Act, and not later than one year 

22 after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President 

23 shall transmit to the appropriate congressional committees 

24 a detailed report on the implementation of this section. 
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1 (d) EFFECTIVE DATE; APPLICABILITY.—This sec2 tion— 

3 (1) takes effect 60 days after the date of the 

4 enactment of this Act; and 

5 (2) applies to funds obligated after the effective 

6 date referred to in paragraph (1)— 

7 (A) for fiscal year 2005; and 

8 (B) any subsequent fiscal year. 

9 SEC. 302. HEALTH SERVICES FOR REFUGEES AND DIS10 PLACED PERSONS. 

11 (a) PROVISION OF HEALTH SERVICES TO VULNER12 ABLE POPULATIONS AFFECTED BY HUMANITARIAN

13 EMERGENCIES.—The coordinator shall seek to ensure 

14 that organizations funded by the Department and the 

15 Agency for the purpose of responding to a humanitarian 

16 emergency coordinate and implement activities needed to 

17 respond to the health needs of vulnerable populations, es18 pecially women and children, as soon as practicable and 

19 not later than 30 days after the onset of a humanitarian 

20 emergency. 

21 (b) ACTIVITIES DEFINED.—The activities referred to 

22 in subsection (a) include activities to— 

23 (1) prevent and manage the consequences of 

24 sexual violence; 

25 (2) reduce transmission of HIV; 
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1 (3) provide obstetric care; and 

2 (4) develop a plan to integrate women’s health 

3 services into the primary health care services pro4 vided during a humanitarian emergency. 

5 SEC. 303. ECONOMIC SELF-SUFFICIENCY OF VULNERABLE 

6 POPULATIONS AFFECTED BY A HUMANI7 TARIAN EMERGENCY. 

8 (a) AMENDMENTS TO MICROENTERPRISE ACT OF

9 2000.—Section 102 of the Microenterprise for Self-Reli10 ance Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 2151f note) is amended— 

11 (1) in paragraph (4)— 

12 (A) by redesignating subparagraphs (B), 

13 (C), and (D) and subparagraphs (C), (D), and 

14 (E), respectively; and 

15 (B) by inserting after subparagraph (A) 

16 the following: 

17 ‘‘(B) Women displaced by armed conflict are 

18 particularly at risk, lacking access to traditional live19 lihoods and means for generating income.’’; and 

20 (2) in paragraph (13)— 

21 (A) by redesignating subparagraph (B) as 

22 subparagraph (C); and 

23 (B) by inserting after subparagraph (A) 

24 the following: 
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1 ‘‘(B) Particular efforts should be made to ex2 pand the availability of microcredit programs to in3 ternally displaced persons, who historically have not 

4 had access to such programs.’’. 

5 (b) AMENDMENT TO THE FOREIGN ASSISTANCE

6 ACT.—Section 256(b)(3) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 

7 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2212(b)(3)) is amended by inserting 

8 after ‘‘clients’’ the following: ‘‘, including women 

9 microentrepeneurs,’’. 

10 SEC. 304. INTERNATIONAL MILITARY EDUCATION AND 

11 TRAINING. 

12 Section 541 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 

13 (22 U.S.C. 2347) is amended— 

14 (1) by striking ‘‘or (iv)’’ and inserting ‘‘(iv)’’; 

15 and 

16 (2) by striking ‘‘rights.’’ and inserting ‘‘rights, 

17 or (v) improve the protection of civilians, especially 

18 women and children, including those who are refu19 gees or displaced persons.’’. 

20 SEC. 305. SENSE OF CONGRESS REGARDING ACTIONS OF 

21 UNITED NATIONS PEACEKEEPERS. 

22 It is the sense of Congress that— 

23 (1) the Secretary-General of the United Nations 

24 should strengthen the existing ability of the United 

25 Nations Department of Peacekeeping Operations to 
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1 protect civilians, especially women and children, 

2 from sexual exploitation and abuse by personnel in 

3 peace operation missions by— 

4 (A) directing the Department of Peace5 keeping Operations to identify nongovernmental 

6 organizations and local community officials to 

7 receive and communicate to senior level mission 

8 officials credible reports from civilians of sexual 

9 exploitation and abuse; 

10 (B) ensuring that there is a mechanism in 

11 place for all credible allegations of sexual ex12 ploitation and abuse to be brought to the atten13 tion of senior level mission officials in an expe14 dited fashion; 

15 (C) developing missions based rapid re16 sponse teams to investigate allegations of sexual 

17 exploitation and abuse; 

18 (D) improving informational programs for 

19 United Nations personnel on their responsibility 

20 not to engage in acts of sexual exploitation and 

21 abuse and the sanctions for such actions; 

22 (E) identifying troop contributing coun23 tries that refuse to investigate allegations of 

24 sexual exploitation and abuse by nationals serv25 ing in peacekeeping missions; 
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1 (F) permanently excluding individuals 

2 found to have engaged in sexual abuse or ex3 ploitation, as well as troop contingent com4 manders and civilian managerial personnel 

5 complicit in such behavior, from participating in 

6 future United Nations peacekeeping missions; 

7 and 

8 (G) demanding that troop contributing 

9 countries— 

10 (i) thoroughly investigate cases in 

11 which their nationals have been alleged to 

12 have engaged in sexual abuse or exploi13 tation which on United Nations peace14 keeping missions; and 

15 (ii) punish those found guilty of such 

16 misconduct; 

17 (2) troop contributing states should ensure that 

18 their soldiers are properly trained on United Nations 

19 guidelines regarding proper conduct towards civil20 ians, in particular those guidelines that address gen21 der-based violence, before participating in United 

22 Nations peace operation missions; 

23 (3) the United Nations should suspend payment 

24 of peacekeeping funds to countries when there is 

25 credible evidence of sexual exploitation and abuse by 
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1 troops of such countries that are participating in 

2 peacekeeping operations, and the governments of 

3 such countries are not investigating or punishing 

4 such conduct; and 

5 (4) the Secretary should consider a suspension 

6 of United States military assistance to countries 

7 that do not— 

8 (A) investigate allegations of sexual exploi9 tation and abuse by troops participating in 

10 United Nations peacekeeping operations; or 

11 (B) hold perpetrators of such abuse and 

12 exploitation accountable. 

13 TITLE IV—PROTECTION OF VUL14 NERABLE POPULATIONS AF15 FECTED BY A HUMANITARIAN 

16 EMERGENCY 

17 SEC. 401. ACTIONS TO SUPPORT PROTECTION. 

18 (a) PROGRAMS OF THE INTERNATIONAL BANK FOR

19 RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT.—The United 

20 States Executive Director of the International Bank for 

21 Reconstruction and Development should take steps to en22 sure that disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration 

23 programs developed and funded by the International Bank 

24 for Reconstruction and Development provide benefits to 
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1 former combatants that are comparable to the benefits 

2 provided by such programs to other individuals. 

3 (b) REPORT REGARDING PROGRAMS TO ASSIST CI4 VILIAN POLICE.—Not later than 180 days after the date 

5 of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit a re6 port to the appropriate congressional committees on all 

7 current programs being conducted by the Department or 

8 the Agency to assist foreign countries with the enforce9 ment of the laws of such countries that are designed to 

10 protect women and children and improve accountability 

11 for sexual exploitation and abuse. 

12 SEC. 402. PROTECTION ASSISTANCE. 

13 Chapter 1 of part I of the Foreign Assistance Act 

14 of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq.) is amended by adding 

15 at the end the following new section: 

16 ‘‘SEC. 135. ASSISTANCE FOR THE PROTECTION OF VULNER17 ABLE POPULATIONS DURING HUMANITARIAN 

18 EMERGENCIES. 

19 ‘‘(a) AUTHORITY.—Notwithstanding any other provi20 sion of law, and subject to the limitations of subsection 

21 (b), the President is authorized to provide assistance for 

22 programs, projects, and activities to promote the security 

23 of, provide equal access to basic services for, and safe24 guard the legal and human rights of civilians, especially 
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1 women and children, who are affected by a humanitarian 

2 emergency. Such assistance shall include programs— 

3 ‘‘(1) to build the capacity of nongovernmental 

4 organizations to address the special protection needs 

5 of vulnerable populations, especially women and chil6 dren, affected by a humanitarian emergency; 

7 ‘‘(2) to support local and international non8 governmental initiatives to prevent, detect, and re9 port sexual exploitation and abuse, and other exploi10 tation, of women and children, including through the 

11 provision of training humanitarian protection mon12 itors for refugees and internally displaced persons; 

13 ‘‘(3) to conduct protection and security assess14 ments for refugees and internally displaced persons 

15 in camps or in communities for the purpose of im16 proving the design and security of camps for refu17 gees and internally displaced persons, with special 

18 emphasis on the security of women and children; 

19 ‘‘(4) to provide, when practicable, education 

20 during a humanitarian emergency, including struc21 tured activities that create safe spaces for children, 

22 in particular girls; 

23 ‘‘(5) to reintegrate and rehabilitate former com24 batants and survivors of a humanitarian emergency, 

25 including through education, psychosocial assistance 
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1 and trauma counseling, family and community re2 insertion, medical assistance, and strengthening 

3 community systems to support sustained reintegra4 tion; 

5 ‘‘(6) to establish registries and clearinghouses 

6 to trace relatives and begin family reunification, 

7 with a specific focus on helping children find their 

8 families; 

9 ‘‘(7) to provide interim care and placement for 

10 separated children and orphans, including moni11 toring and followup services; 

12 ‘‘(8) to provide legal services for survivors of 

13 sexual exploitation, abuse, or torture, including the 

14 collection of evidence for war crimes tribunals and 

15 advocacy for legal reform; and 

16 ‘‘(9) to provide to local law enforcement per17 sonnel working in areas affected by a humanitarian 

18 emergency training in human rights law, particularly 

19 as it relates to the protection of women and children. 

20 ‘‘(b) AVAILABILITY OF ASSISTANCE.—Amounts made 

21 available to carry out this part and chapter 4 of part II 

22 may be made available to carry out this section.’’. 

Æ