Appendix A 

Case 3:17-cv-00849-VC Document 72-1 Filed 05/10/18 Page 1 of 8
Must 

Consumers 

Provide 

Pre-Suit 

Notice? 

Does the Statute 

Permit Consumers 

to Sue for Any 

Deceptive Practice 

or Only 

Enumerated 

Prohibited 

Deceptive Practices? 

What Are The 

Reliance 

Requirements? 

Are 

Knowledge 

and Intent 

Required? 

Can 

Consumers 

Seek to 

Enjoin 

Deceptive 

Practices? 

Can 

Consumers 

Obtain 

Monetary 

Relief? 

Can Cla

Action 

Consume

Seek Per

Violatio

Statutor

Damages

Alabama Yes Broad Undecided No No Yes No Alaska No Broad Not required No Yes Yes 

Greater of $500 or trebfor violatio

Arizona No Broad 

Proximate cause or ascertainable loss 

Only for concealment/omissions Yes Yes No 

Arkansas No Broad 

Yes/class undecided 

Only for some types of violations No Yes No 

California (UCL) No Broad 

Yes/keys off plaintiff No Yes Yes No 

California (CLRA) Yes Enumerated 

Yes/objective inquiry 

Only for some types of violations Yes Yes No 

Colorado No Enumerated 

Yes/objective inquiry 

Only for some types of violations No Yes No 

Connecticut No Broad 

Proximate cause or ascertainable loss No Yes Yes No 

Case 3:17-cv-00849-VC Document 72-1 Filed 05/10/18 Page 2 of 8
Must 

Consumers 

Provide 

Pre-Suit 

Notice? 

Does the Statute 

Permit Consumers 

to Sue for Any 

Deceptive Practice 

or Only 

Enumerated 

Prohibited 

Deceptive Practices? 

What Are The 

Reliance 

Requirements? 

Are 

Knowledge 

and Intent 

Required? 

Can 

Consumers 

Seek to 

Enjoin 

Deceptive 

Practices? 

Can 

Consumers 

Obtain 

Monetary 

Relief? 

Can Cla

Action 

Consume

Seek Per

Violatio

Statutor

Damages

Delaware No Broad 

Proximate cause or ascertainable loss 

Only for concealment/omissions Yes Yes No 

District of Columbia No Broad Not required No Yes Yes 

Greater of $1500 or tr

Florida No Broad Not required No Yes Yes No Georgia No Broad 

Yes/class undecided No Yes Yes No 

Hawaii No Broad Not required No Yes Yes treble Idaho No Broad Not required No Yes Yes No Illinois Yes Broad 

Proximate cause or ascertainable loss 

Intent to induce reliance Yes Yes No 

Indiana Yes Broad 

Yes/class undecided 

Only for some types of violations Yes Yes 

Greater of $500 or act

Case 3:17-cv-00849-VC Document 72-1 Filed 05/10/18 Page 3 of 8
Must 

Consumers 

Provide 

Pre-Suit 

Notice? 

Does the Statute 

Permit Consumers 

to Sue for Any 

Deceptive Practice 

or Only 

Enumerated 

Prohibited 

Deceptive Practices? 

What Are The 

Reliance 

Requirements? 

Are 

Knowledge 

and Intent 

Required? 

Can 

Consumers 

Seek to 

Enjoin 

Deceptive 

Practices? 

Can 

Consumers 

Obtain 

Monetary 

Relief? 

Can Cla

Action 

Consume

Seek Per

Violatio

Statutor

Damages

Iowa No Broad 

Proximate cause or ascertainable loss 

Intent to induce reliance Yes Yes No 

Kansas No Broad 

Proximate cause or ascertainable loss 

Only for some types of violations Yes Yes Double actu

Kentucky No Broad 

Proximate cause or ascertainable loss No Yes Yes No 

Louisiana Yes Broad Undecided No No Yes No Maine Yes Broad Undecided No Yes Yes No Maryland Yes Broad 

Yes/objective inquiry 

Only for some types of violations No Yes No 

Massachusetts No Broad Undecided No Yes Yes 

Greater of actual or $2

Michigan No Broad 

Provisiondependent/objective inquiry No Yes Yes No 

Case 3:17-cv-00849-VC Document 72-1 Filed 05/10/18 Page 4 of 8
Must 

Consumers 

Provide 

Pre-Suit 

Notice? 

Does the Statute 

Permit Consumers 

to Sue for Any 

Deceptive Practice 

or Only 

Enumerated 

Prohibited 

Deceptive Practices? 

What Are The 

Reliance 

Requirements? 

Are 

Knowledge 

and Intent 

Required? 

Can 

Consumers 

Seek to 

Enjoin 

Deceptive 

Practices? 

Can 

Consumers 

Obtain 

Monetary 

Relief? 

Can Cla

Action 

Consume

Seek Per

Violatio

Statutor

Damages

Minnesota Yes Broad 

Proximate cause or ascertainable loss 

Intent to induce reliance Yes Yes No 

Mississippi No Enumerated 

Proximate cause or ascertainable loss No No Yes No 

Missouri No Broad Not required No Yes Yes No Montana No Broad Not required No No Yes No Nebraska No Broad Not required No Yes Yes No Nevada No Broad 

Yes/individualized 

Only for some types of violations Yes Yes No 

New Hampshire No Broad 

Proximate cause or ascertainable loss Yes Yes Yes No 

New Jersey No Broad 

Proximate cause or ascertainable loss 

Only for concealment/omissions Yes Yes treble 

Case 3:17-cv-00849-VC Document 72-1 Filed 05/10/18 Page 5 of 8
Must 

Consumers 

Provide 

Pre-Suit 

Notice? 

Does the Statute 

Permit Consumers 

to Sue for Any 

Deceptive Practice 

or Only 

Enumerated 

Prohibited 

Deceptive Practices? 

What Are The 

Reliance 

Requirements? 

Are 

Knowledge 

and Intent 

Required? 

Can 

Consumers 

Seek to 

Enjoin 

Deceptive 

Practices? 

Can 

Consumers 

Obtain 

Monetary 

Relief? 

Can Cla

Action 

Consume

Seek Per

Violatio

Statutor

Damages

New Mexico No Broad 

Proximate cause or ascertainable loss Yes Yes Yes No 

New York No Broad 

Proximate cause or ascertainable loss No Yes Yes 

Greater of actual or $

North Carolina No Broad 

Yes/objective inquiry No Yes Yes treble 

North Dakota No Broad Not required 

Intent to induce reliance No Yes No 

Ohio No Broad 

Proximate cause or ascertainable loss No Yes Yes No 

Oklahoma No Broad Not required No Yes Yes No Oregon No Enumerated Undecided No No Yes 

Greater of actual or $2

Pennsylvania No Broad 

Yes/individualized No Yes Yes 

Greater of actual or $1

Case 3:17-cv-00849-VC Document 72-1 Filed 05/10/18 Page 6 of 8
Must 

Consumers 

Provide 

Pre-Suit 

Notice? 

Does the Statute 

Permit Consumers 

to Sue for Any 

Deceptive Practice 

or Only 

Enumerated 

Prohibited 

Deceptive Practices? 

What Are The 

Reliance 

Requirements? 

Are 

Knowledge 

and Intent 

Required? 

Can 

Consumers 

Seek to 

Enjoin 

Deceptive 

Practices? 

Can 

Consumers 

Obtain 

Monetary 

Relief? 

Can Cla

Action 

Consume

Seek Per

Violatio

Statutor

Damages

Rhone Island No Broad 

Proximate cause or ascertainable loss No Yes Yes 

Greater of actual damaor $200 

South Carolina No Broad 

Proximate cause or ascertainable loss 

Only for some types of violations No Yes No 

South Dakota No Broad Undecided No No Yes No Tennessee Yes Enumerated 

Proximate cause or ascertainable loss No Yes Yes No 

Texas No Enumerated 

Yes/individualized No Yes Yes No 

Utah No Broad 

Proximate cause or ascertainable loss 

Only for some types of violations Yes Yes No 

Vermont No Broad Not required No Yes Yes No 

Case 3:17-cv-00849-VC Document 72-1 Filed 05/10/18 Page 7 of 8
Must 

Consumers 

Provide 

Pre-Suit 

Notice? 

Does the Statute 

Permit Consumers 

to Sue for Any 

Deceptive Practice 

or Only 

Enumerated 

Prohibited 

Deceptive Practices? 

What Are The 

Reliance 

Requirements? 

Are 

Knowledge 

and Intent 

Required? 

Can 

Consumers 

Seek to 

Enjoin 

Deceptive 

Practices? 

Can 

Consumers 

Obtain 

Monetary 

Relief? 

Can Cla

Action 

Consume

Seek Per

Violatio

Statutor

Damages

Virginia No Broad 

Yes/class undecided No No Yes 

Greater of actual or $5

Washington Yes Broad 

Proximate cause or ascertainable loss No Yes Yes No 

West Virginia No Broad 

Yes/class undecided No Yes Yes No 

Wisconsin Yes Broad 

Proximate cause or ascertainable loss No Yes Yes 

Double damages 

Wyoming Yes Broad 

Yes/class undecided Yes No Yes No 

Case 3:17-cv-00849-VC Document 72-1 Filed 05/10/18 Page 8 of 8