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                CFSAN Constituent Updates

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          FDA Concludes Major Sampling Study of SproutsCFSAN Constituent Updates FDA Concludes Major Sampling Study of Sprouts
  
  	
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Aug 18, 2017

In response to recent foodborne illness outbreaks linked to various types of sprouts, the FDA has completed a large-scale sampling study as part of its efforts to learn more about potential contamination in these products and protect consumers from disease-causing bacteria in sprouts.

Sprouts are especially vulnerable to pathogens given the warm, moist and nutrient-rich conditions needed to grow them. From 1996 to July 2016, there were 46 reported outbreaks of foodborne illness in the United States linked to sprouts. These outbreaks accounted for 2,474 illnesses, 187 hospitalizations, and three deaths.

The agency’s testing program was designed to estimate the prevalences of *Salmonella*, *Listeria monocytogenes* and *Escherichia coli* (*E. coli*) O157:H7 in sprouts, and to identify patterns in hopes of preventing these pathogens from contaminating sprouts.

The FDA collected 825 samples from 37 states, Puerto Rico and the District of Columbia, and found that most of the positive samples came from a small number of sprouting operations: A total of 14 positive samples were found at eight of the 94 growers, and ten of these samples came from just four growers.

The FDA tested samples collected at three points in the production process (seeds, finished product and spent irrigation water) to gain insights into the sources of contamination in sprouts.

The agency found:

*Salmonella* on 2.35 percent of seed samples.

	Studies have identified *Salmonella-*contaminated seed as the most likely source of most sprout-associated salmonellosis outbreaks. The prevalence of *Salmonella* in finished sprouts was 0.21 percent and in spent irrigation water was 0.53 percent.
	*Listeria monocytogenes* on 1.28 percent of finished sprouts.
	In contrast to FDA’s findings regarding *Salmonella*, there was no significant difference in the prevalence of *Listeria monocytogenes* by point in the production process. The similarity of  findings at different steps of production indicate that the contamination most likely occurred as a result of environmental transmission, which is similar to findings in other studies indicating that this pathogen is most often transmitted to produce via the production environment.
	None of the finished sprout or spent irrigation water samples tested positive for *E. coli* O157:H7.
	The FDA did not test seed for *E. coli* O157:H7 due to limitations with the test method.The FDA worked with the firms that owned or released affected sprouts to conduct voluntary recalls or to have their consignees destroy affected product, and then followed up with inspections. The agency also referred its findings to state authorities in two cases.

**For Additional Information:**

Sprout Summary Report
	Sprout Safety Alliance

                                                                                  Content current as of:
      12/07/2017
              
              
Regulated Product(s)
		 Food & BeveragesCFSAN Constituent Updates
 
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