9040 Federal Register / Vol. 90, No. 23 / Wednesday, February 5, 2025 / Notices 

Heading/ 

subheading Article description 

Rates of duty 

1 

2 

General Special 

‘‘9903.01.22 .................. Articles the product of China and Hong Kong that are informational materials, including but not limited to, publications, films, posters, phonograph records, photographs, microfilms, microfiche, tapes, compact disks, 

CD ROMs, artworks, and news wire feeds.

The duty provided 

in the applicable 

subheading.

The duty provided 

in the applicable 

subheading.

No change’’. 

4. by inserting the following new heading 

9903.01.23 in numerical sequence, with the 

material in the new heading inserted in the 

columns of the HTSUS labeled ‘‘Heading/ 

Subheading’’, ‘‘Article Description’’, ‘‘Rates 

of Duty 1—General’’, ‘‘Rates of Duty 1— 

Special’’ and ‘‘Rates of Duty 2’’, respectively: 

Heading/ 

subheading Article description 

Rates of duty 

1 

2 

General Special 

‘‘9903.01.23 .................. Except for products described in headings 9903.01.21 

and 9903.01.22, and other than products for personal 

use included in accompanied baggage of persons arriving in the United States, articles the product of China 

and Hong Kong that: (1) were loaded onto a vessel at 

the port of loading, or in transit on the final mode of 

transport prior to entry into the United States, before 

12:01 a.m. eastern standard time on February 1, 2025; 

and (2) are entered for consumption, or withdrawn from 

warehouse for consumption, on or after 12:01 a.m. 

eastern standard time on February 4, 2025, and before 

12:01 a.m. eastern standard time on March 7, 2025.

The duty provided 

in the applicable 

subheading.

The duty provided 

in the applicable 

subheading.

No change’’. 

5. by inserting the following new U.S. note 

2(s) to subchapter III of chapter 99 of the 

HTSUS in numerical sequence: 

‘‘2. (s) For the purposes of heading 

9903.01.20, products of China and Hong 

Kong, other than products described in 

heading 9903.01.21, heading 9903.01.22, 

heading 9903.01.23, and other than products 

for personal use included in accompanied 

baggage of persons arriving in the United 

States, shall be subject to an additional 10% 

ad valorem rate of duty. Notwithstanding 

U.S. note 1 to this subchapter, all products 

of China and Hong Kong that are subject to 

the additional ad valorem rate of duty 

imposed by heading 9903.01.20 shall also be 

subject to the general rates of duty imposed 

on products of China and Hong Kong entered 

under subheadings in chapters 1 to 97 of the 

tariff schedule. Products of China and Hong 

Kong that are eligible for temporary duty 

exemptions or reductions under subchapter II 

to chapter 99 shall be subject to the 

additional ad valorem rate of duty imposed 

by heading 9903.01.20. 

The additional duties imposed by heading 

9903.01.20 shall not apply to goods for which 

entry is properly claimed under a provision 

of chapter 98 of the tariff schedule pursuant 

to applicable regulations of U.S. Customs and 

Border Protection (‘‘CBP’’), and whenever 

CBP agrees that entry under such a provision 

is appropriate, except for goods entered 

under heading 9802.00.80; and subheadings 

9802.00.40, 9802.00.50, and 9802.00.60. For 

subheadings 9802.00.40, 9802.00.50, and 

9802.00.60, the additional duties apply to the 

value of repairs, alterations, or processing 

performed (in China and Hong Kong), as 

described in the applicable subheading. For 

heading 9802.00.80, the additional duties 

apply to the value of the article assembled 

abroad (in China and Hong Kong), less the 

cost or value of such products of the United 

States, as described. 

Products of China and Hong Kong that are 

provided for in heading 9903.01.20 shall 

continue to be subject to antidumping, 

countervailing, or other duties, taxes, fees, 

exactions and charges that apply to such 

products, as well as to the additional ad 

valorem rate of duty imposed by heading 

9903.01.20. 

Products of China and Hong Kong that are 

provided for in heading 9903.01.20 shall not 

be eligible for the administrative exemption 

from duty and certain taxes at 19 U.S.C. 

1321(a)(2)(C)—the so-called ‘‘de minimis’’ 

exemption. 

(t) Heading 9903.01.21 covers only 

products of China and Hong Kong, that are 

donations, by persons subject to the 

jurisdiction of the United States, of articles, 

such as food, clothing, and medicine, 

intended to be used to relieve human 

suffering, except to the extent that the 

President determines that such donations (A) 

would seriously impair his ability to deal 

with any national emergency declared under 

section 1701 of title 19 of the U.S. Code, (B) 

are in response to coercion against the 

proposed recipient or donor, or (C) would 

endanger Armed Forces of the United States 

which are engaged in hostilities or are in a 

situation where imminent involvement in 

hostilities is clearly indicated by the 

circumstances.’’ 

[FR Doc. 2025–02293 Filed 2–3–25; 1:15 pm] 

BILLING CODE 9111–14–P 

DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND 

SECURITY 

U.S. Citizenship and Immigration 

Services 

[CIS No. 2804–25] 

Termination of the October 3, 2023 

Designation of Venezuela for 

Temporary Protected Status 

AGENCY: U.S. Citizenship and 

Immigration Services, U.S. Department 

of Homeland Security. 

ACTION: Notice. 

SUMMARY: On October 3, 2023, 

Venezuela was newly designated for 

Temporary Protected Status (TPS) based 

on the determination that there were 

extraordinary and temporary conditions 

in that country that prevented the safe 

return of Venezuelan nationals, and that 

permitting such Venezuelan nationals to 

remain temporarily in the United States 

is not contrary to the U.S. national 

interest. The 2023 designation of 

Venezuela for TPS is set to expire on 

April 2, 2025. After reviewing country 


ddrumheller on DSK120RN23PROD with NOTICES1
Federal Register / Vol. 90, No. 23 / Wednesday, February 5, 2025 / Notices 9041 

1See Vacatur of 2025 Temporary Protected Status 

Decision for Venezuela, 88 FR 8805 (Feb. 3, 2025). 

conditions and considering whether 

permitting Venezuelan nationals 

covered by the 2023 designation is 

contrary to the national interest of the 

United States, in consultation with the 

appropriate U.S. Government agencies, 

the Secretary of Homeland Security has 

determined that Venezuela no longer 

continues to meet the conditions for the 

2023 designation. In particular, the 

Secretary has determined it is contrary 

to the national interest to permit the 

covered Venezuelan nationals to remain 

temporarily in the United States. The 

Secretary therefore is terminating the 

2023 TPS designation of Venezuela. 

This termination is effective April 7, 

2025. After April 7, 2025, nationals of 

Venezuela (and aliens having no 

nationality who last habitually resided 

in Venezuela) who have been granted 

TPS under the 2023 Venezuela 

designation will no longer have TPS. 

This termination determination does not 

apply to the 2021 designation of 

Venezuela for TPS, which remains in 

effect until September 10, 2025, or to 

individuals who are registered for TPS 

under the 2021 designation. 

DATES: The October 3, 2023 designation 

of Venezuela for TPS is terminated 

effective at 11:59 p.m., local time, on 

April 7, 2025. 

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: 

Samantha Deshommes, Chief, 

Regulatory Coordination Division, 

Office of Policy and Strategy, U.S. 

Citizenship and Immigration Services, 

Department of Homeland Security, 800– 

375–5283. 

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

What is Temporary Protected Status 

(TPS)? 

The Immigration and Nationality Act 

(INA) authorizes the Secretary of 

Homeland Security, after consultation 

with appropriate agencies of the U.S. 

Government, to designate a foreign state 

(or part thereof) for TPS if the Secretary 

determines that certain country 

conditions exist. INA 244(b)(1), 8 U.S.C. 

1254a(b)(1). The determination whether 

to designate any foreign state (or part 

thereof) for TPS is discretionary, and 

there is no judicial review of ‘‘any 

determination of the [Secretary] with 

respect to the designation, or 

termination or extension of a 

designation, of a foreign state’’ for TPS. 

INA 244(b)(5)(A), 8 U.S.C. 

1254a(b)(5)(A). The Secretary, in the 

Secretary’s discretion, may then grant 

TPS to eligible nationals of that foreign 

state (or individuals having no 

nationality who last habitually resided 

in the designated foreign state). See INA 

244(a)(1)(A), 8 U.S.C. 1254a(a)(1)(A). 

At least 60 days before the expiration 

of a foreign state’s TPS designation or 

extension, the Secretary, after 

consultation with appropriate U.S. 

Government agencies, must review the 

conditions in the foreign state 

designated for TPS to determine 

whether they continue to meet the 

conditions for the TPS designation. See 

INA 244(b)(3)(A), 8 U.S.C. 

1254a(b)(3)(A). If the Secretary 

determines that the conditions in the 

foreign state continue to meet the 

specific statutory criteria for TPS 

designation, TPS will be extended for an 

additional period of 6 months or, in the 

Secretary’s discretion, 12 or 18 months. 

See INA 244(b)(3)(A), (C), 8 U.S.C. 

1254a(b)(3)(A), (C). If the Secretary 

determines that the foreign state no 

longer meets the conditions for TPS 

designation, the Secretary must 

terminate the designation. See INA 

244(b)(3)(B), 8 U.S.C. 1254a(b)(3)(B). 

TPS is a temporary immigration 

benefit granted to eligible nationals of a 

country designated for TPS under the 

INA, or to eligible aliens without 

nationality who last habitually resided 

in the designated country. During the 

TPS designation period, TPS 

beneficiaries are eligible to remain in 

the United States, may not be removed, 

and are authorized to work and obtain 

an Employment Authorization 

Document (EAD) so long as they 

continue to meet the requirements of 

TPS. TPS beneficiaries may also apply 

for and be granted travel authorization 

as a matter of discretion. The granting 

of TPS does not result in or lead to 

lawful permanent resident status or any 

other immigration status. To qualify for 

TPS, beneficiaries must meet the 

eligibility standards at INA section 

244(c)(2), 8 U.S.C. 1254a(c)(2). When 

the Secretary terminates a country’s TPS 

designation, beneficiaries return to the 

same immigration status or category that 

they maintained before TPS, if any 

(unless that status or category has since 

expired or been terminated), or any 

other lawfully obtained immigration 

status or category they received while 

registered for TPS, as long as it is still 

valid on the date TPS terminates. 

Designation of Venezuela for TPS 

On March 9, 2021, then Secretary of 

Homeland Security Alejandro Mayorkas 

designated Venezuela for TPS based on 

his determination that there existed 

‘‘extraordinary and temporary 

conditions’’ in Venezuela that prevented 

nationals of Venezuela from returning in 

safety and that permitting such aliens to 

remain temporarily in the United States 

is not contrary to the U.S. national 

interest (Venezuela 2021 designation). 

See Designation of Venezuela for 

Temporary Protected Status and 

Implementation of Employment 

Authorization for Venezuelans Covered 

by Deferred Enforced Departure, 86 FR 

13574 (Mar. 9, 2021). 

On September 8, 2022, then Secretary 

Mayorkas extended the Venezuela 2021 

TPS designation for 18 months. See 

Extension of the Designation of 

Venezuela for Temporary Protected 

Status, 87 FR 55024 (Sept. 8, 2022). On 

October 3, 2023, Secretary Mayorkas 

extended the Venezuela 2021 TPS 

designation for another 18 months with 

an expiration date of September 10, 

2025, and separately newly designated 

Venezuela for 18 months, a decision the 

former Secretary called a 

‘‘redesignation’’ (Venezuela 2023 

designation) with an expiration of April 

2, 2025, resulting in two separate and 

concurrent Venezuela TPS designations. 

See Extension and Redesignation of 

Venezuela for Temporary Protected 

Status, 88 FR 68130 (Oct. 3, 2023). 

On January 17, 2025, Secretary 

Mayorkas issued a notice extending the 

2023 designation of Venezuela for TPS 

for 18 months. The notice was based on 

then Secretary Mayorkas’s January 10, 

2025 determination that the conditions 

for the designation continued to be met. 

See INA 244(b)(3)(A), (C), 8 U.S.C. 

1254a(b)(3)(A), (C). In the January 2025 

notice, Secretary Mayorkas did not 

expressly extend or terminate the 2021 

Venezuela designation. Instead, the 

notice allowed for a consolidation of 

filing processes such that all eligible 

Venezuela TPS beneficiaries (whether 

under the 2021 or 2023 designations) 

could obtain TPS through the same 

extension date of October 2, 2026. See 

Extension of the 2023 Designation of 

Venezuela for Temporary Protected 

Status, 90 FR 5961 (Jan. 17, 2025). 

On January 28, 2025, Secretary of 

Homeland Security Kristi Noem vacated 

former Secretary Mayorkas’s January 10, 

2025 decision, restoring the status quo 

that preceded that decision.1

Accordingly, a determination whether 

to extend the 2023 Venezuela 

designation was due by February 1, 

2025. The Department of Homeland 

Security (DHS or Department) estimates 

that approximately 348,202 aliens are 

eligible for TPS under the 2023 

Venezuela designation. 

Secretary’s Authority To Terminate the 

2023 Designation of Venezuela for TPS 

At least 60 days before the expiration 

of a country’s TPS designation or 

extension, the Secretary, after 


ddrumheller on DSK120RN23PROD with NOTICES1
9042 Federal Register / Vol. 90, No. 23 / Wednesday, February 5, 2025 / Notices 

2See also E.O. 14159, Protecting the American 

People Against Invasion, sec. 16(b), 90 FR 8443, 

8446 (Jan. 20, 2025) (directing that the Secretary 

should ‘‘ensur[e] that designations of Temporary 

Protected Status are consistent with the provisions 

of section 244 of the INA (8 U.S.C. 1254a), and that 

such designations are appropriately limited in 

scope and made for only so long as may be 

necessary to fulfill the textual requirements of that 

statute’’). 

3See INS v. Bagamasbad, 429 U.S. 24, 25 (1976) 

(per curiam) (‘‘As a general rule courts and agencies 

are not required to make findings on issues the 

decision of which is unnecessary to the results they 

reach.’’). 

4Cf., e.g., Termination of Designation of Liberia 

Under Temporary Protected Status Program After 

Final 6-Month Extension, 63 FR 15437, 15438 (Mar. 

31, 1998) (terminating Liberia TPS designation after 

‘‘consultations with the appropriate agencies of the 

U.S. Government concerning (a) the conditions in 

Liberia; and (b) whether permitting nationals of 

Liberia . . . to remain temporarily in the United 

States is contrary to the national interest of the 

United States’’). 

5See, e.g., Poursina v. USCIS, 936 F.3d 868, 874 

(9th Cir. 2019) (observing, in an analogous INA 

context, ‘‘that the ‘national interest’ standard 

invokes broader economic and national-security 

considerations, and such determinations are firmly 

committed to the discretion of the Executive 

Branch—not to federal courts’’ (citing Trump v. 

Hawaii, 585 U.S. 667, 684–86 (2018)); Flores v. 

Garland, 72 F.4th 85, 89–90 (5th Cir. 2023) (same); 

Brasil v. Sec’y, Dep’t of Homeland Sec., 28 F.4th 

1189, 1193 (11th Cir. 2022) (same); cf. Matter of D– 

J-, 23 I&N Dec. 572, 579–81 (A.G. 2003) (recognizing 

that taking measures to stem and eliminate possible 

incentives for potential large-scale migration from 

a given country is ‘‘sound immigration policy’’ and 

an ‘‘important national security interest’’); Matter of 

Dhanasar, 26 I&N Dec. 884, 890–91 (AAO 2016) 

(taking into account impact on U.S. workers in 

‘‘national interest’’ assessments). 

6See Implementation of a Parole Process for 

Venezuelans, 87 FR 63507 (Oct. 19, 2022); see also 

Implementation of Changes to the Parole Process 

for Venezuelans, 88 FR 1279 (Jan. 9, 2023). 7 Joshua Goodman, Tren de Aragua gang started 

in Venezuela’s prisons and now spreads fear in the 

US, Associated Press, Sept. 24, 2024, available at: 

https://apnews.com/article/tren-de-aragua-gangvenezuela-us-a12c8fee9dc4a0ca73769ea893e09e53 

(last accessed Jan. 28, 2025). 8 Joshua Goodman, US sanctions a Venezuela 

gang for spreading criminal activity across Latin 

America, Associated Press, July 11, 2024, available 

at: https://apnews.com/article/washingtonvenezuela-gang-sanctions-f742f6966d160ee80

b703ed419dfdac3 (last accessed Jan. 30, 2025). 

consultation with appropriate 

Government agencies, must review the 

conditions in a foreign state designated 

for TPS to determine whether the 

conditions for the TPS designation 

continue to be met. See INA section 

244(b)(3)(A), 8 U.S.C. 1254a(b)(3)(A). If 

the Secretary determines that the foreign 

state no longer meets the conditions for 

TPS designation, the Secretary must 

terminate the designation, but such 

termination may not take effect earlier 

than 60 days after the date the Federal 

Register notice of termination is 

published, or if later, the expiration of 

the most recent previous extension of 

the country designation. See INA 

section 244(b)(3)(B), 8 U.S.C. 

1254a(b)(3)(B). The Secretary may 

determine the appropriate effective date 

of the termination and the expiration of 

any TPS-related documentation, such as 

EADs. See id.; see also INA 244(d)(3), 8 

U.S.C. 1254a(d)(3) (providing the 

Secretary the discretionary ‘‘option’’ to 

allow for a certain ‘‘orderly transition’’ 

period if she determines it to be 

appropriate). 

Reasons for the Secretary’s 

Termination of the 2023 TPS 

Designation for Venezuela 

Consistent with section 244(b)(3)(A) 

of the INA, 8 U.S.C. 1254a(b)(3)(A), after 

consulting with appropriate U.S. 

Government agencies, DHS reviewed 

conditions in Venezuela and considered 

whether permitting the Venezuelan 

nationals to remain temporarily in the 

United States is contrary to the national 

interest of the United States.2

The Department, in consultation with 

the Department of State, has reviewed 

conditions in Venezuela and has 

considered whether permitting 

Venezuelan nationals to remain 

temporarily in the United States is 

contrary to the U.S. national interest. 

Overall, certain conditions for the 2023 

TPS designation of Venezuela may 

continue; however, there are notable 

improvements in several areas such as 

the economy, public health, and crime 

that allow for these nationals to be 

safely returned to their home country. 

Based on the Department’s review, the 

Secretary has determined that, even 

assuming the relevant conditions in 

Venezuela remain both ‘‘extraordinary’’ 

and ‘‘temporary,’’ termination of the 

2023 Venezuela TPS designation is 

required because it is contrary to the 

national interest to permit the 

Venezuelan nationals (or aliens having 

no nationality who last habitually 

resided in Venezuela) to remain 

temporarily in the United States.3

In the TPS statute, Congress expressly 

prohibits the Secretary from designating 

a country for TPS or extending a TPS 

designation if she finds that ‘‘permitting 

the aliens to remain temporarily in the 

United States is contrary to the national 

interest of the United States.’’ INA 

244(b)(1), 8 U.S.C. 1254a(b)(1). 

Accordingly, as the Department and the 

Attorney General have long recognized, 

such a ‘‘national interest’’ assessment is 

an essential element of a determination 

whether to extend or terminate the 2023 

Venezuela designation, which was 

based on ‘‘extraordinary and temporary 

conditions.’’ 4

‘‘National interest’’ is an expansive 

standard that may encompass an array 

of broad considerations, including 

foreign policy, public safety (e.g., 

potential nexus to criminal gang 

membership), national security, 

migration factors (e.g., pull factors), 

immigration policy (e.g., enforcement 

prerogatives), and economic 

considerations (e.g., adverse effects on 

U.S. workers, impact on U.S. 

communities).5 Determining whether 

permitting a class of aliens to remain 

temporarily in the United States is 

contrary to the U.S. national interest 

therefore calls upon the Secretary’s 

expertise and discretionary judgment, 

informed by her consultations with 

appropriate U.S. Government agencies. 

President Trump in his recent, 

immigration and border-related 

executive orders and proclamations 

clearly articulated an array of policy 

imperatives bearing upon the national 

interest. First, the President directed the 

Secretary to terminate, as contrary to the 

policy of the United States, the parole 

program known as the ‘‘Processes for 

Cubans, Haitians, Nicaraguans, and 

Venezuelans’’ (CHNV). The parole 

process for Venezuelans had been in 

effect since October 19, 2022, allowing 

hundreds of thousands of inadmissible 

Venezuelans to enter the United States 

at interior ports of entry and remain in 

this country, generally for a period of 

two years, with employment 

authorization eligibility.6 DHS estimates 

that 33,600 CHNV parolees from 

Venezuela availed themselves of TPS. 

Venezuelan CHNV parolees, along with 

Venezuelan nationals who crossed 

illegally into the United States, who had 

been continuously residing in the 

United States since July 31, 2023, and 

continuously present in the United 

States since October 3, 2023, were able 

to secure TPS and TPS-based 

employment authorization under the 

2023 Venezuela designation. 

TPS has allowed a significant 

population of inadmissible or illegal 

aliens without a path to lawful 

immigration status to settle in the 

interior of the United States, and the 

sheer numbers have resulted in 

associated difficulties in local 

communities where local resources have 

been inadequate to meet the demands 

caused by increased numbers. Among 

these Venezuelan nationals who have 

crossed into the United States are 

members of the Venezuelan gang known 

as Tren de Aragua.7 Tren de Agua has 

been blamed for sex trafficking, drug 

smuggling, police shootings, 

kidnappings, and the exploitation of 

migrants. The United States has 

sanctioned the gang and placed it on a 

list of transnational criminal 

organizations.8 In Executive Order 

14157, Designating Cartels and Other 


ddrumheller on DSK120RN23PROD with NOTICES1
Federal Register / Vol. 90, No. 23 / Wednesday, February 5, 2025 / Notices 9043 

9 90 FR 8439 (Jan. 20, 2025). 

10E.O. 14159, Protecting the American People 

Against Invasion, sec. 1, 90 FR 8443, 8443 (Jan. 20, 

2025). 11 Id. 12The Cost of the Border Crisis, Testimony before 

the House Budget Committee of Julie Kirchner the 

Executive Director, Federation for American 

Immigration Reform (May 8, 2024), available at: 

https://www.congress.gov/118/meeting/house/ 

117257/witnesses/HHRG-118-BU00-WstateKirchnerJ-20240508.pdf (last accessed Jan. 30, 

2025). 

13Center for Strategic & International Studies, 

The Persistence of the Venezuelan Migrant and 

Refugee Crisis (Nov. 27, 2023), available at: https:// 

www.csis.org/analysis/persistence-venezuelanmigrant-and-refugee-crisis (last accessed Jan. 30, 

2025). 

14E.O. 14159, Protecting the American People 

Against Invasion, sec. 1, 90 FR 8443, 8443 (Jan. 20, 

2025). 

15 Id., sec. 16, 90 FR 8446. 

16 Id., sec. 16(b), 90 FR 8446. 

17Proc. 10886, Declaring a National Emergency at 

the Southern Border of the United States, 90 FR 

8327 (Jan. 20, 2025). 

18See Extension of Designation and 

Redesignation of Liberia Under Temporary 

Protected Status Program, 62 FR 16608, 16609 (Apr. 

7, 1997) (‘‘One factor in determining whether 

redesignation is appropriate is whether it will 

create a ‘magnet effect’ for nationals of the country 

under consideration. In cases where the Attorney 

General contemplates redesignation, she may 

consider this possible magnet effect and any other 

factors weighing against redesignation, together 

with any discretionary factors in favor of 

redesignation.’’). 

19See, e.g., Center for Strategic & International 

Studies, The Persistence of the Venezuelan Migrant 

and Refugee Crisis (Nov. 27, 2023), available at: 

https://www.csis.org/analysis/persistencevenezuelan-migrant-and-refugee-crisis (last 

accessed Jan. 30, 2025). 

20See id. 

21 88 FR 68134. 

22America First Policy Directive to the Secretary 

of State, 90 FR 8337 (Jan. 20, 2025). 

23See U.S. Dep’t of State, Priorities and Mission 

of the Second Trump Administration’s 

Department of State (Jan. 24, 2025), available at 

https://pa.usembassy.gov/priorities-and-mission-ofthe-second-trump-administrations-department-ofstate/. 

24See Motor Vehicle Mfrs. Ass’n of U.S., Inc. v. 

State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co., 463 U.S. 29, 59 

(Rehnquist, J., concurring in part) (‘‘A change in 

administration brought about by the people casting 

their votes is a perfectly reasonable basis for an 

executive agency’s reappraisal of the costs and 

benefits of its programs and regulations. As long as 

the agency remains within the bounds established 

by Congress, it is entitled to assess administrative 

records and evaluate priorities in light of the 

philosophy of the administration.’’). 

Organizations as Foreign Terrorist 

Organizations and Specially Designated 

Global Terrorists, the President 

determined that Tren de Aragua’s 

campaign of violence and terror poses 

threats to the United States.9 The 

Secretary accordingly has considered 

these important immigration and 

national interests in terminating the 

Venezuela parole process. 

Second, President Trump observed, 

referring to CHNV and other policies 

and processes, that ‘‘[o]ver the last 4 

years, the prior administration invited, 

administered, and oversaw an 

unprecedented flood of illegal 

immigration into the United States,’’ 

including millions who crossed U.S. 

borders or were allowed to fly to a U.S. 

air port of entry and allowed to settle in 

American communities.10 The 

prolonged presence of these aliens in 

the United States ‘‘has cost taxpayers 

billions of dollars at the Federal, State, 

and local levels.’’ 11 For example, over 

180,000 illegal aliens have settled in 

New York City, approximating that this 

will cost the city $10.6 billion through 

the summer of 2025.12 Additionally, 

although mayors from cities across the 

United States are attempting to 

accommodate Venezuelan illegal aliens, 

city shelters, police stations, and aid 

services are at a maximum capacity.13

The President underscored that 

enforcing the immigration laws ‘‘is 

critically important to the national 

security and public safety of the United 

States.’’ 14 In furtherance of that 

objective, the President directed the 

Secretary, along with the Attorney 

General and Secretary of State, to 

promptly take all appropriate action, 

consistent with law, to rescind policies 

that led to increased or continued 

presence of illegal aliens in the United 

States.15 Among the directed actions are 

to ensure that the TPS designations are 

consistent with the TPS statute and ‘‘are 

appropriately limited in scope and 

made for only so long as may be 

necessary to fulfill the textual 

requirements of that statute.’’ 16 The 

Department accordingly has reappraised 

the national interest factors and given 

strong consideration to the serious 

national security, border enforcement, 

public safety, immigration policy, and 

economic and public welfare concerns 

engendered by illegal immigration of 

Venezuelans, which the President, DHS, 

and other federal agencies are seeking to 

stem through other policy actions. 

Third, President Trump declared a 

national emergency at the southern 

border.17 As the Attorney General and 

DHS have long understood, the 

potential ‘‘magnet effect’’ of a TPS 

determination is a permissible factor 

under the TPS statute, especially with 

respect to a redesignation.18 The same is 

true for Venezuela.19 The anticipated 

designation or extension for TPS and 

resulting benefit to access EAD have 

been pull factors driving Venezuelan 

nationals to the United States.20 In 

October 2023, DHS stated that there 

were approximately 243,000 Venezuela 

TPS beneficiaries, while also estimating 

that approximately 472,000 additional 

aliens may be eligible under the October 

3, 2023 designation.21 Currently, DHS 

estimates that 348,202 aliens are 

registered under the 2023 designation. 

Fourth, as the President directed in 

Executive Order 14150, ‘‘the foreign 

policy of the United States shall 

champion core American interests and 

always put America and American 

citizens first.’’ 22 Continuing to permit 

Venezuelans under the 2023 TPS 

designation to remain in the United 

States does not champion core 

American interests or put American 

interests first. U.S. foreign policy 

interests, particularly in the Western 

Hemisphere, are best served and 

protected by curtailing policies that 

facilitate or encourage illegal and 

destabilizing migration.23

In making this finding and 

determination regarding the national 

interest, the Secretary also has taken 

into account the national-interestrelated factors that were presented to 

former Secretary Mayorkas for his 

consideration for purposes of his nowvacated January 10, 2025 decision. 

However, especially in view of 

President Trump’s Executive Orders 

relating to immigration and after 

consulting with the Department of State, 

the Secretary has reached a different 

conclusion and has determined that 

permitting such Venezuelan nationals 

(and aliens with no nationality who last 

habitually resided in Venezuela) to 

remain in the United States is in fact 

contrary to the national interest, as is 

the Secretary’s authority and prerogative 

under the statute.24

Effective Date of Termination of 2023 

Designation 

The TPS statute provides that the 

termination of a country’s TPS 

designation may not be effective earlier 

than 60 days after the Federal Register 

notice is published or, if later, the 

expiration of the most recent previous 

extension. See INA 244(b)(3)(B), 8 

U.S.C. 1254a(b)(3)(B). As noted, the 

expiration date of the 2023 Venezuela 

designation is 60 days from the date of 

publication of this notice. 

The Secretary may determine the 

appropriate effective date of the 

termination and the expiration of any 

TPS-related documentation, such as 

EADs, for the purpose of providing for 

an orderly transition. See id.; INA 

244(d)(3), 8 U.S.C. 1254a(d)(3). Given 

the Secretary’s finding that continuing 

to permit such Venezuelan nationals to 

remain temporarily in the United States 

is contrary to the U.S. national interest, 

and considering the relative recency of 

the designation (Oct. 3, 2023), the 

Secretary has determined that it is not 


ddrumheller on DSK120RN23PROD with NOTICES1
9044 Federal Register / Vol. 90, No. 23 / Wednesday, February 5, 2025 / Notices 

25See 8 CFR 244.19 (‘‘Upon the termination of 

designation of a foreign state, those nationals 

afforded temporary Protected Status shall, upon the 

sixtieth (60th) day after the date notice of 

termination is published in the Federal Register, or 

on the last day of the most recent extension of 

designation by the [Secretary of Homeland 

Security], automatically and without further notice 

or right of appeal, lose Temporary Protected Status 

in the United States. Such termination of a foreign 

state’s designation is not subject to appeal.’’). 

26 DHS recognizes that certain previous TPS 

terminations allowed for an extended transition, 

especially in the case of TPS designations that had 

been extended numerous times over the course of 

many years. See, e.g., Termination of the 

Designation of El Salvador for Temporary Protected 

Status, 83 FR 2654 (Jan. 18, 2018) (nearly 17 years, 

with 18-month transition period); Termination of 

the Designation of Sudan for Temporary Protected 

Status, 82 FR 47228 (Oct. 11, 2017) (20 years, with 

12-month orderly transition period); Termination of 

the Designation of Sierra Leone Under the 

Temporary Protected Status Program; Extension of 

Employment Authorization Documentation, 68 FR 

52407 (Sept. 3, 2003) (nearly 6 years, with 6-month 

orderly transition period); Six-Month Extension of 

Temporary Protected Status Benefits for Orderly 

Transition Before Termination of Liberia’s 

Designation for Temporary Protected Status, 81 FR 

66059 (Sept. 26, 2016) (nearly 2 years, with 6- 

month orderly transition period). Those countries, 

however, generally had been designated for TPS for 

longer periods, and none of those terminations were 

based on a determination that allowing the aliens 

to remain temporarily in the United States is 

contrary to the U.S. national interest. At the same 

time, certain other TPS designations were 

terminated without allowing for an extended 

transition period. See, e.g., Termination of 

Designation of Angola Under the Temporary 

Protected Status Program, 68 FR 3896 (Jan. 27, 

2003) (nearly 3 years, no orderly transition period); 

Termination of Designation of Lebanon Under 

Temporary Protected Status Program, 58 FR 7582 

(Feb. 8, 1993) (2 years, no extended transition 

period). 

1The record is defined in § 207.2(f) of the 

Commission’s Rules of Practice and Procedure (19 

CFR 207.2(f)). 

2Commissioner Rhonda K. Schmidtlein not 

participating. 

appropriate to allow for a further 

transition period. Accordingly, the 

termination of the October 3, 2023 

Venezuela TPS designation will be 

effective 60 days from the date of 

publication of this notice.25

The Secretary has considered putative 

reliance interests in the 2023 Venezuela 

TPS designation, especially when 

considering whether to allow for an 

additional transition period akin to that 

allowed under certain previous TPS 

terminations. Temporary Protected 

Status, as the name itself makes clear, is 

an inherently temporary status, TPS 

designations are time-limited and must 

be periodically reviewed, TPS notices 

clearly notify aliens of the designations’ 

expiration dates, and whether to allow 

for an orderly transition period is left to 

the Secretary’s unfettered discretion. 

See INA 244(b)(3), (d)(3); 8 U.S.C. 

1254a(b)(3), (d)(3). Any putative 

reliance interests of registrants under 

the Venezuela 2023 designation 

therefore merit only diminished weight. 

Moreover, any such putative reliance 

interests are outweighed by the 

overriding, important national interest 

considerations described in this 

notice.26

Venezuelan Nationals Registered Under 

the 2021 Venezuela Designation 

Although unorthodox, the prior 

Administration issued two separate 

designations of Venezuela. See 88 FR 

68130 (Oct. 3, 2023); 86 FR 13574 (Mar. 

9, 2021). In this notice, DHS is 

terminating only the October 3, 2023 

Venezuela TPS designation. The 2021 

Venezuela TPS designation remains in 

effect until September 10, 2025. 

Notice of Termination of the 2023 TPS 

Designation of Venezuela 

By the authority vested in the 

Secretary of Homeland Security under 

section 244(b)(3) of the INA, 8 U.S.C. 

1254a(b)(3), I have reviewed, in 

consultation with appropriate agencies 

of the U.S. Government, (a) conditions 

in Venezuela; and (b) whether 

permitting the nationals of Venezuela 

(and aliens having no nationality who 

last habitually resided in Venezuela) to 

remain temporarily in the United States 

is contrary to the national interest of the 

United States. Based on my review, I 

have determined that Venezuela no 

longer continues to meet the conditions 

for the October 3, 2023 designation for 

Temporary Protected Status (TPS) under 

section 244(b)(1)(C) of the Act, 8 U.S.C. 

1254a(b)(1)(C). 

Accordingly, I order as follows: 

(1) Pursuant to INA section 

244(b)(3)(B), 8 U.S.C. 1254a(b)(3)(B), 

and considering INA section 244(d)(3), 

8 U.S.C. 1254a(d)(3), the October 3, 

2023 designation of Venezuela for TPS 

is terminated effective at 11:59 p.m., 

local time, on April 7, 2025. 

(2) This notice supersedes the January 

17, 2025 notice at 90 FR 5961, the 

underlying decision for which was 

vacated on January 28, 2025. 

(3) Information concerning the 

termination of TPS for nationals of 

Venezuela (and aliens having no 

nationality who last habitually resided 

in Venezuela) under the October 3, 2023 

designation will be available at local 

USCIS offices upon publication of this 

notice and through the USCIS National 

Customer Service Center at 1–800–375– 

5283. This information will be 

published on the USCIS website at 

www.USCIS.gov. 

Kristi Noem, 

Secretary of Homeland Security. 

[FR Doc. 2025–02294 Filed 2–3–25; 12:15 pm] 

BILLING CODE 9111–97–P 

INTERNATIONAL TRADE 

COMMISSION 

[Investigation Nos. 701–TA–453 and 731– 

TA–1136–1137 (Third Review)] 

Sodium Nitrite From China and 

Germany 

Determinations 

On the basis of the record 1 developed 

in the subject five-year reviews, the 

United States International Trade 

Commission (‘‘Commission’’) 

determines, pursuant to the Tariff Act of 

1930 (‘‘the Act’’), that revocation of the 

antidumping and countervailing duty 

orders on sodium nitrite from China and 

the antidumping duty order on sodium 

nitrite from Germany would be likely to 

lead to continuation or recurrence of 

material injury to an industry in the 

United States within a reasonably 

foreseeable time.2

Background 

The Commission instituted these 

reviews on July 1, 2024 (89 FR 54536) 

and determined on October 4, 2024 that 

it would conduct expedited reviews (89 

FR 85986, October 29, 2024). 

The Commission made these 

determinations pursuant to section 

751(c) of the Act (19 U.S.C. 1675(c)). It 

completed and filed its determinations 

in these reviews on January 31, 2025. 

The views of the Commission are 

contained in USITC Publication 5582 

(January 2025), entitled Sodium Nitrite 

from China and Germany: Investigation 

Nos. 701–TA–453 and 731–TA–1136– 

1137 (Third Review). 

By order of the Commission. 

Issued: January 31, 2025. 

Lisa Barton, 

Secretary to the Commission. 

[FR Doc. 2025–02260 Filed 2–4–25; 8:45 am] 

BILLING CODE 7020–02–P 

DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE 

Notice of Cancellation of Task Force 

on Research on Violence Against 

American Indian and Alaska Native 

Women Meeting 

AGENCY: Office on Violence Against 

Women, United States Department of 

Justice. 

ACTION: Notice; cancellation of meeting. 

The Office on Violence Against 

Women (OVW), U.S. Department of 


ddrumheller on DSK120RN23PROD with NOTICES1