# Patent

## Title
Apparatus and process for preparing frozen confectionery products

## Abstract

An apparatus for producing frozen confectionery products is provided, the apparatus comprising: means for supplying a frozen confection to the inlets of a nozzle; the nozzle comprising a chamber and an extrusion plate, wherein the extrusion plate defines one or more apertures; the apertures having a width of from 1 to 5 mm and a length of at least 10 mm; means for moving the nozzle in the opposite direction to the direction of extrusion. A process for producing frozen confectionery products, the process comprising: supplying a frozen confection to a nozzle, the nozzle comprising a chamber and an extrusion plate, wherein the extrusion plate defines one or more apertures; wherein the apertures have a width of from 1 to 5 mm and a length of at least 10 mm; extruding the frozen confection from the chamber of the nozzle through the apertures of the extrusion plate; and simultaneously moving the nozzle in the opposite direction to the direction of extrusion; and stopping the flow of the frozen confection is also provided.

## Background
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an apparatus and process for producing frozen confectionery products, more particularly a process for preparing frozen confectionery products having interesting decorative shapes with fine detail.
BACKGROUND TO THE INVENTION
Ice cream cone products, such as CornettoTM are popular and well-known. These products typically consist of a wafer cone filled with ice cream. Consumers are continually looking for new eating experiences, and conventional cone products may be perceived as somewhat old-fashioned and uninteresting. For example, they have a familiar shape with small flutes on the top of the ice cream.
It is known to fill containers, such as cones, by extruding ice cream from a nozzle which moves in the opposite direction relative to the direction of extrusion. For example, in the industrial production of cone products, such as CornettoTM, the cone is filled by a nozzle which is located inside the cone at the start of dispensing, and which moves up as the cone is filled. This ensures that the ice cream goes all the way to the bottom of the cone. U.S. Pat. No. 4,942,910 discloses a process for making shaped frozen confections in which a nozzle moves simultaneously in a circular path in the horizontal plane, and linearly in the vertical direction, so that the overall motion is in a spiral path. This produces a shaped frozen confection.
Nonetheless, there remains a need for an improved method for producing frozen confection products which have an attractive and appealing appearance, in particular with fine detail.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
We have now devised an apparatus and method which overcomes these problems. Accordingly, in a first aspect, the present invention provides an apparatus for producing frozen confectionery products, the apparatus comprising

    
    
        means for supplying a frozen confection to the inlets of a nozzle;
        the nozzle comprising a chamber and an extrusion plate, wherein the extrusion plate defines one or more apertures;
        the apertures having a width of from 1 to 5 mm and a length of at least 10 mm;
        means for moving the nozzle in the opposite direction to the direction of extrusion.
    
    


In a second aspect, the present invention provides a process for producing frozen confectionery products, the process comprising

    
    
        supplying a frozen confection to a nozzle, the nozzle comprising a chamber and an extrusion plate, wherein the extrusion plate defines one or more apertures; wherein the apertures have a width of from 1 to 5 mm and a length of at least 10 mm;
        extruding the frozen confection from the chamber of the nozzle through the apertures of the extrusion plate; and
        simultaneously moving the nozzle in the opposite direction to the direction of extrusion; and
        stopping the flow of the frozen confection.
    
    


Preferably the speed of motion of the nozzle is the same as the speed of extrusion of the ice cream.
Preferably the apertures have a width of from 2 to 4 mm, such as about 3 mm.
Preferably the frozen confection is extruded into a receptacle, such as a cup, tub or cone.



DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 shows a nozzle including an extrusion plate with a single long, thin aperture in the form of a heart shape.
FIG. 2 shows a cross section of an embodiment of the extrusion plate with further openings between the apertures of the plate.
FIG. 3 shows examples of products which can be produced by the apparatus and method of the present invention.
FIG. 4 shows further examples of products which can be produced by the apparatus and method of the present invention.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The narrow apertures of the apparatus result in thin streams of frozen confection which produce a fine extrusion pattern. We have found that if the nozzle remains stationery during extrusion, these streams are deformed by the frozen confection which follows. However, by moving the nozzle in the opposite direction to the flow of frozen confection, well-defined, highly decorative shapes are produced. Once the shape has been formed, the flow of the frozen confection is stopped, typically by means of a valve.
The products produced may consist of ice cream or other frozen confection in receptacles such as cups, tubs or cones. The volume of frozen confection dispensed in each operation is preferably from 30 to 300 ml, preferably from 50 to 200 ml, such as about 100 ml.
This process can produce very attractive decoration on the top surfaces of cone, cup and tub products. The shapes that can be produced consist of thin walls of frozen confection which are arranged to form shapes for example a spiral, a rose or a tulip, as shown in FIG. 3. The precise appearance is controlled by the size, shape and location of the apertures in the extrusion plate and the dosing volume and flow rate of the frozen confection. For example, for a given extrusion plate and speed of motion of the nozzle, increasing the flow rate of the ice cream results in a product having wider features.
In order to retain the shape formed during extrusion, the walls should not be so thin that they collapse under their own weight. Thus high walls need to be thicker. Also, in order to retain the shape formed during extrusion, the frozen confection is preferably at a temperature of −5° C. or below on extrusion. Frozen confections which contain low amounts of fat are preferably extruded at lower temperatures, such as −7° C. or below.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention the extrusion plate of the apparatus has further openings between the apertures. These openings are connectable to means for forcing a gas from these further openings. Such an embodiment is shown in FIG. 2 where the further openings 1 communicate with an air passage 2 which is connectable to the means for forcing a gas into this air passage 2 and hence from the further openings 1. In operation, this ability to force a gas, such as air, from these further openings serves to keep the various streams of the extruded confection separate from one another and allows for the production of particularly detailed products with delicate designs which are akin to the petals of a flower.
A single nozzle can be used to fill a single receptacle. Alternatively an array of nozzles can be used to decorate the surface of a larger product (such as a 1 liter tub) with multiple portions.
EXAMPLES
FIGS. 3 and 4 show products formed using the apparatus and the process of the invention. It can therefore be readily seen that the present invention is capable of providing extruded ice cream products with very fine and detailed decorative finishes to their surfaces.

## Claims

1. A process for producing frozen confectionery products, the process comprising
supplying a frozen confection to a nozzle, the nozzle comprising a chamber and an extrusion plate, wherein the extrusion plate defines one or more apertures; wherein the apertures have a width of from 1 to 5 mm and a length of at least 10 mm;
extruding the frozen confection from the chamber of the nozzle through the apertures of the extrusion plate; and
simultaneously moving the nozzle in the opposite direction to the direction of extrusion; and
stopping the flow of the frozen confection;
wherein the speed of motion of the nozzle is the same as the speed of extrusion of the ice cream; and
wherein a gas is forced from further openings located between the apertures of the extrusion plate.

2. A process according to claim 1 wherein the frozen confection is extruded into a receptacle.

3. A process according to claim 1 wherein the frozen confection is extruded at a temperature of −5° C. or below.

4. A process according to claim 1 wherein the step of extruding the frozen confection provides adjacent extruded walls of the frozen confection.

5. A process according to claim 4 wherein the gas forced from the further openings between the apertures is directed between the adjacent extruded walls and is configured to separate the adjacent extruded walls from one another.

6. A process according to claim 5 wherein the apertures define a nested arrangement of curved shapes configured to form the adjacent extruded walls into a shape of a flower portion.