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 GLOSSARY OF KEY TERMS 

Case No. 5:17-cv-00220–LHK

1315884 

Counsel Listed on Signature Page 

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 

NORTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 

SAN JOSE DIVISION 

FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION, 

Plaintiff, 

v. 

QUALCOMM INCORPORATED, a 

Delaware Corporation, 

Defendant. 

Case No. 5:17-cv-00220-LHK 

GLOSSARY OF KEY TERMS 

 

Dept: Courtroom 7, 4th Floor 

Judge: Hon. Lucy H. Koh 

Case 5:17-cv-00220-LHK Document 1157 Filed 01/07/19 Page 1 of 9
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 GLOSSARY OF KEY TERMS 

Case No. 5:17-cv-00220–LHK 

1315884 

Pursuant to the Court’s Order dated January 3, 2019 (ECF 1097), the Federal Trade 

Commission and Qualcomm, Inc. (“the Parties”) jointly submit the following glossary of key 

terms that are likely to be used at trial. 

Key Acronyms/Terms 

AP: Application Processor 

ASIC: Application-Specific Integrated Circuit 

- A chip that is designed to perform a particular function within a device 

ATIS: Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions 

- Standards-development organization that promulgates technical and interoperability 

standards for communications technology 

- ATIS is a U.S. based SDO and the Organizational Partner of 3GPP for North America 

BRCM: Broadcom 

Carrier Aggregation 

- Technology that enables a single user to transmit to or receive data packets from a base 

station using more than one carrier frequency (called a “carrier”) 

CDMA: Code Division Multiple Access

- Used in both 2G and 3G standards 

CDMA2000 (also referred to as “C2K” and “CDMA”): 

- A family of 3G standards developed by the 3GPP2 standards organization that uses 

CDMA 

Cellular Standard: A protocol for communications among equipment and network elements in a 

cellular system. Five generations of cellular standards have been developed so far: 

- 1G, developed in the 1980s, supported analog transmission of voice calls. 

- 2G standards were the first to support digital voice calls. There were two leading 2G 

standards: Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) using time division 

multiple access (TDMA), and Interim Standard-95 (IS-95) using code division multiple 

access (CDMA). 

- 3G standards supported more voice calls and higher data transmission speeds than 2G. 

Two main 3G standards grew out of the 2G standards. 3GPP developed UMTS (also 

known as WCDMA), while maintaining backwards compatibility with GSM. In parallel, 

3GPP2 developed CDMA2000, while maintaining backwards compatibility with IS-95. 

- 4G standards supported much higher data speeds. The primary 4G system today is 4G 

LTE developed by 3GPP and was first deployed in 2009. Most major network operators 

Case 5:17-cv-00220-LHK Document 1157 Filed 01/07/19 Page 2 of 9
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 GLOSSARY OF KEY TERMS 

Case No. 5:17-cv-00220–LHK 

1315884 

have deployed LTE, but many operators around the world still rely on their 2G and 3G 

networks as a fallback where LTE is not available. 

- 5G is the latest generation of cellular standards and was standardized by 3GPP. 

CES: Consumer Electronics Show 

CM: Contract Manufacturer

- A company that manufactures products for an OEM. Also referred to as “ODM.” 

CPLA: Chinese Patent License Agreements 

- Licensing agreements signed between Qualcomm and Chinese OEMs pursuant to the 

NDRC’s agreement with Qualcomm 

CR&D: Qualcomm Corporate Research & Development 

CSA: Component Supply Agreement 

DG Comp.: European Commission, Directorate General, Competition 

EC: European Commission 

EDGE: Enhanced Data for GSM Evolution 

- A 2G GSM standard improvement 

ETSI: European Telecommunications Standards Institute

- The leading cellular SDO. ETSI is the European Organizational Partner and Secretariat of 

3GPP 

EV-DO: Evolution-Data Optimized

- A family of standards adding high speed cellular data capabilities to CDMA2000 voice 

standards. 

- Known as HDR (high data rate) technology within Qualcomm before standardization 

GPRS: General Packet Radio Service 

- A 2G GSM standard improvement 

GPU: Graphics Processing Unit 

GSM: Global System for Mobile 

- A 2G cellular communications standard that relied on TDMA (time division multiple 

access) 

HetNets: Heterogeneous Networks 

- Technology allowing the use of different size and power base stations within a network

HSPA/HSPA+: High Speed Packet Access and Evolved High Speed Packet Access 

- Refers to UMTS releases beginning with Release 5, and also includes UMTS technologies 

called HSDPA and HSUPA 

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 GLOSSARY OF KEY TERMS 

Case No. 5:17-cv-00220–LHK 

1315884 

IEEE: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 

IFX: Infineon 

IMC: Intel Mobile Communications 

IoT: Internet of Things 

IPR: Intellectual Property Rights 

IS-95: Interim Standard 95 

- The first CDMA-based cellular standard 

- Also known as cdmaOne 

ITU: International Telecommunications Union 

JFTC: Japan Fair Trade Commission 

KFTC: Korea Fair Trade Commission 

LAA: Licensed Assisted Access 

- A feature standardized in LTE Release 13 that allows cellular communications using 

unlicensed spectrum 

LGE: LG Electronics 

LTE: Long-Term Evolution 

- Family of 4G communications standards developed by 3GPP 

LTE-A: LTE-Advanced 

- Evolution of the LTE standard developed in 3GPP Releases 10-12 

LTE Advanced Pro: 

- Evolution of the LTE standard developed in 3GPP Releases 13-14 

LTE-TDD: LTE Time-Division Duplex 

- 4G mobile telecommunications technology and standard 

LTE-U: A term that referred to LTE in unlicensed spectrum before it was standardized by 3GPP 

as Licensed Assisted Access (LAA) 

MIMO: Multiple Input Multiple Output 

Multimode chipset: 

- Modem chipset that supports multiple families of cellular standards 

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 GLOSSARY OF KEY TERMS 

Case No. 5:17-cv-00220–LHK 

1315884 

NDRC: National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) 

- Chinese agency charged with investigations under China’s Anti-Monopoly Law (AML) 

NR: New Radio 

- Family of 5G communication standards developed by 3GPP 

NEP: Non-standard essential patent 

NSP: Net Selling Price 

OEM: Original Equipment Manufacturer 

- Companies that design, market, and sell cellular handsets. 

OFDMA: Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access 

- Downlink transmission method in LTE and 5G-NR. 

QCT: Qualcomm CDMA Technologies 

- An operating division of QTI for Qualcomm’s chip and software business 

QCTAP: Qualcomm CDMA Technologies Asia-Pacific Pte. Ltd. 

- A wholly owned indirect subsidiary of Qualcomm incorporated in Singapore. 

QTI: Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. 

- A wholly owned subsidiary of Qualcomm. It operates substantially all of Qualcomm’s 

products and services businesses, and Qualcomm’s engineering research and development 

functions related to ASICs. 

QTL: Qualcomm Technology Licensing 

- Qualcomm Incorporated’s division responsible for Qualcomm’s licensing business. 

RF: Radio Frequency 

RFFE: Radio Frequency Front End 

- Circuitry between antennas and RF transceiver 

RFIC: Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit 

SC-FDMA: Single-Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access 

- Uplink transmission method used in LTE and 5G-NR.

SDO: Standards Development Organization 

- Promulgates technical standards for device functions, interoperability, and 

interconnectivity based on industry consensus of interested stakeholders, including 

technology contributors, standards implementers, and others 

Case 5:17-cv-00220-LHK Document 1157 Filed 01/07/19 Page 5 of 9
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 GLOSSARY OF KEY TERMS 

Case No. 5:17-cv-00220–LHK 

1315884 

SEMC: Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications 

- A joint venture between Sony and Ericsson 

SEP: Standard Essential Patent 

SoC: System on a Chip 

- A chip that integrates multiple functionalities 

Spectrum: Wireless spectrum 

- Range of wireless frequencies 

- Ranges of wireless frequencies, sometimes referred to as bands, may be designed for a 

specific purpose or may be defined as “shared” spectrum available to any device 

following sharing rules established for that spectrum 

SSO: Standards Setting Organization 

- Another name for SDO 

STE: ST-Ericsson 

SULA: Subscriber Unit Licensing Agreement 

- The title of many of Qualcomm’s licensing agreements that grant OEMs the right to make 

and sell devices that utilize Qualcomm’s patented technology 

TDMA: Time-Division Multiple Access 

- Used in the 2G GSM standard 

TD-SCDMA: Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access 

- Standard used by Chinese network operators 

TIA: Telecommunications Industry Association 

- A U.S.-based SDO and the Organizational Partner of 3GPP2 for North America. 

UE: User Equipment 

- Used in 3GPP standards to refer to complete mobile device

UMB: Ultra Mobile Broadband 

UMTS: Universal Mobile Telecommunications System 

- An umbrella term for 3G cellular air interfaces standardized within 3GPP, including 

Wideband CDMA (WCDMA) and TD-SCDMA (see above). 

VoIP: Voice over Internet Protocol 

- A technology that carries voice communications over the Internet 

VoLTE: Voice over LTE 

- A technology allowing LTE to carry voice communications using data as opposed to 

circuit-switched voice used in earlier cellular systems 

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 GLOSSARY OF KEY TERMS 

Case No. 5:17-cv-00220–LHK 

1315884 

WCDMA: Wideband Code Division Multiple Access 

- A type of cellular waveform used in 3G UMTS standards for communications in the air 

interface between user equipment (e.g., smart phones) and cellular base stations (e.g., cell 

towers) 

- Also a shorthand for 3GPP’s family of 3G standards 

WIMAX: Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access 

3GPP: Third Generation Partnership Project 

- Global partnership of regional SDOs to develop cellular standards 

- The current Organizational Partners of 3GPP are seven regional SDOs, including ETSI 

and ATIS. 

- Developed GSM, UMTS, LTE, and 5G standards 

3GPP2: Third Generation Partnership Project 2 

- Global collaborative partnership of standards development/standards-setting organizations 

- The current Organizational Partners of 3GPP2 are five regional SDOs, including TIA. 

- Developed CDMA2000 

Dated: January 7, 2019 

By: 

KEKER, VAN NEST & PETERS LLP 

/s/ Robert A. Van Nest 

 ROBERT A. VAN NEST 

EUGENE M. PAIGE 

CODY S. HARRIS 

JUSTINA SESSIONS 

BRYN WILLIAMS 

Case 5:17-cv-00220-LHK Document 1157 Filed 01/07/19 Page 7 of 9
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 GLOSSARY OF KEY TERMS 

Case No. 5:17-cv-00220–LHK 

1315884 

 Gary A. Bornstein (pro hac vice)

Yonatan Even (pro hac vice)

CRAVATH, SWAINE & MOORE LLP 

Worldwide Plaza 

825 Eighth Avenue 

New York, NY 10019-7475 

Tel.: (212) 474-1000 

Fax: (212) 474-3700 

gbornstein@cravath.com 

yeven@cravath.com 

Richard S. Taffet (pro hac vice)

MORGAN, LEWIS & BOCKIUS LLP 

101 Park Avenue 

New York, NY 10178-0060 

Tel.: (212) 309-6000 

Fax: (212) 309-6001 

richard.taffet@morganlewis.com 

Willard K. Tom (pro hac vice)

MORGAN, LEWIS & BOCKIUS LLP 

1111 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW 

Washington, DC 20004-2541 

Tel.: (202) 739-3000 

Fax: (202) 739 3001 

willard.tom@morganlewis.com 

Geoffrey T. Holtz (SBN 191370) 

MORGAN, LEWIS & BOCKIUS LLP 

One Market Plaza, Spear Street Tower 

San Francisco, CA 94105-1596 

Tel.: (415) 442-1000 

Fax: (415) 442-1001 

donn.pickett@morganlewis.com 

gholtz@morganlewis.com 

 Attorneys for Defendant 

QUALCOMM INCORPORATED 

Dated: January 7, 2019 By: /s/ Jennifer Milici

 

Jennifer Milici 

Daniel Matheson 

Wesley G. Carson 

J. Alexander Ansaldo 

Federal Trade Commission 

600 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W. 

Washington, D.C. 20580 

(202) 326-2912; (202) 326-3496 (fax) 

jmilici@ftc.gov 

Attorneys for Plaintiff 

Federal Trade Commission 

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 GLOSSARY OF KEY TERMS 

Case No. 5:17-cv-00220–LHK 

1315884 

FILER’S ATTESTATION 

I, Robert A. Van Nest, am the ECF user whose identification and password are being used 

to make this filing. In compliance with Civil Local rule 5-1(i)(3), I hereby attest that the 

signatories of these documents have concurred in this filing. 

/s/ Robert A. Van Nest

 Robert A. Van Nest 

Case 5:17-cv-00220-LHK Document 1157 Filed 01/07/19 Page 9 of 9