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[Federal Register Volume 90, Number 11 (Friday, January 17, 2025)]
[Presidential Documents]
[Pages 6727-6736]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2025-01443]



                        Presidential Documents 



Federal Register / Vol. 90, No. 11 / Friday, January 17, 2025 / 
Presidential Documents

[[Page 6727]]

                Proclamation 10882 of January 14, 2025

                
Establishment of the S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla 
                Highlands National Monument

                By the President of the United States of America

                A Proclamation

                In northern California, the awe-inspiring geological 
                wonders collectively described here as the 
                S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla Highlands have framed the 
                homelands of Indigenous communities and cultures for 
                millennia, and today this area continues to cradle 
                historic and scientific treasures of our Nation. At 
                this area's core rests a sleeping giant: the Medicine 
                Lake Volcano. This massive volcano--one of the two 
                largest volcanos in the Cascades Volcanic Arc--covers 
                an expanse roughly 10 times that of Mount St. Helens, 
                Washington. ``Medicine Lake,'' as labeled in English on 
                some maps since approximately 1890, is found within the 
                summit caldera of the volcano for which it is named. 
                Far earlier and through the present day, however, these 
                stunning and unusual lands have been known as 
                ``S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla'' in the Ajumawi language, 
                which translates to ``obsidian place.'' 
                S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla's obsidian deposits formed by 
                the volcano have long been important to Indigenous 
                peoples, as shown by obsidian tools and sites they left 
                here from their lives and travels. The 
                S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla Highlands area as described here 
                includes parts of the Modoc, Shasta-Trinity, and 
                Klamath National Forests, and stretches from Sharp 
                Mountain, Wild Horse Mountain, and Little Horse Peak in 
                the west, to Cougar Butte, Glass Mountain, and Border 
                Mountain in the east, and to encompass the cinder cones 
                known as Porcupine Butte, Timber Hill, Snag Hill, and 
                Powder Hill in the south.

                S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla includes portions of the 
                ancestral homelands of the Pit River (Ajumawi--
                Atsugewi) and Modoc Peoples (Mo Wat Knii--Mo Docknii). 
                For them and many other Indigenous peoples--including 
                the Karuk, Klamath, Shasta, Siletz, Wintu, and Yana and 
                individual Tribes that are members of these groups--the 
                volcanic landscape holds and reflects exceptional power 
                and is central to their spiritual beliefs and cultural 
                practices. The Modoc believe Medicine Lake is a place 
                of healing and have referred to the lake and its banks 
                as ``Lani'shwi.'' Plants and animals found within 
                S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla's habitats include many that are 
                rare or vulnerable and have long been important to the 
                Indigenous peoples of the area for food, medicine, and 
                ceremonies. S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla's remarkable 
                geologic formations and the ecosystems cultivated 
                within and around them have shaped the history and 
                cultures of generations of Indigenous peoples.

                This area contains evidence of human occupancy dating 
                back at least 5,000 years. For members of the Pit River 
                Tribe, S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla, as part of the broader 
                landscape within which it sits, is central to their 
                creation stories and core to their physical, mental, 
                spiritual, and cultural health. Their cultural and 
                spiritual connections to S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla reach 
                across time and space, linking a web of heritage sites 
                near and far and underscoring the importance of this 
                land to the Indigenous people who have lived here 
                throughout history. They believe that the people and 
                the land are one in the same, not only that one cannot 
                be separated from the other, but that one cannot exist 
                without the other. S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla's deep 
                silence, local plants and animals, unobstructed views 
                across the landscape, and pure water sources are 
                necessary to carry out customs, traditions, and 
                ceremonies of the Indigenous peoples connected to this 
                area. This area has long provided a place for vision 
                quests, gathering of medicinal plants, spiritual 
                training and purification ceremonies, obsidian

[[Page 6728]]

                gathering, and religious activities that demand 
                privacy, solitude, and unobscured access to both day 
                and night skies. The night skies of 
                S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla, where distant galaxies and 
                stars are visible, are renowned for being among the 
                darkest in the United States.

                Located at the southern reaches of the Modoc Peoples' 
                ancestral homelands, S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla could be 
                seen from across Modoc territory. The volcano and 
                surrounding highlands were central to ceremonial life 
                of the Modoc, and the area is an enduring place of 
                historic and cultural significance. The area continues 
                to serve as a place of gathering, healing, and 
                spiritual importance for surrounding Indigenous 
                peoples--including the Karuk, Klamath, Shasta, Siletz, 
                Wintu, and Yana. Tribal Nations collaborate in some of 
                these activities, including ceremonies in and around 
                Medicine Lake.

                At least 85 plant species found in 
                S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla are used by Indigenous peoples 
                for healing, medicine, food, tools, building materials, 
                and as ceremonial objects and are considered to have 
                powerful medicinal and ceremonial uses. For example, 
                Indigenous people used lichen from this area to dye 
                materials used to adorn clothes and ornaments.

                Evidence of Indigenous peoples can be found throughout 
                S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla. Sites in various parts of the 
                area exhibit evidence of obsidian quarrying and use by 
                Indigenous peoples, with some containing unique 
                assemblages of flaked stone and obsidian tools, waste 
                materials from tool manufacture, and blades and cutting 
                implements. Larger obsidian blades, including those 
                quarried and found in S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla, were 
                highly prized as items of wealth and prestige in 
                Indigenous cultures throughout the region. Obsidian 
                quarried within S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla was an important 
                resource in a broad Indigenous trade network throughout 
                northern California and the California Coast, and 
                within southern Oregon. The Indigenous peoples of the 
                region believe that distinct sources of 
                S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla obsidian--such as obsidian 
                deposits in the central part of this area--retain 
                special roles and significance in different uses. In 
                various locations, evidence of precontact hunting 
                blinds and groundstone implements also highlight that 
                Indigenous peoples have lived and hunted across 
                S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla.

                In view of the importance of these lands to Indigenous 
                peoples and the rich cultural resources found here, in 
                1999, the National Register of Historic Places 
                determined approximately 33,000 acres of the 
                S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla area centered on Medicine Lake 
                to be eligible as a Traditional Cultural Property 
                District. Further, in 2007, the U.S. Forest Service and 
                the Bureau of Land Management developed the Medicine 
                Lake Highlands Historic Property Management Program, 
                which extended this district to encompass approximately 
                73,000 acres.

                Indigenous peoples would likely have witnessed some of 
                the more recent eruptions of the Medicine Lake 
                Volcano--which have occurred multiple times in the past 
                12,500 years and as recently as 950 years ago--
                reshaping their sacred lands as they watched, and 
                creating geologic formations and other objects still 
                visible today. Future volcanic activity will likely 
                continue to shape these highlands. As a result of its 
                dynamic geology and millennia of human occupation, 
                S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla contains numerous objects of 
                historic and scientific interest--some formed by the 
                volcano and surrounding ecosystems and others, like 
                obsidian tools and ceremonial sites, created by 
                Indigenous peoples--and is integrally connected to the 
                Indigenous Knowledge amassed by the Tribal Nations and 
                Indigenous peoples in the area over countless 
                generations. Some of the objects in this area are 
                sacred to Tribal Nations, are sensitive, rare, or 
                vulnerable to vandalism and theft, or are unsafe to 
                visit. Therefore, revealing their specific names or 
                locations could pose a danger to the objects or to the 
                public.

                The lava flows emanating off the flanks of Medicine 
                Lake Volcano extend in every direction for more than 30 
                miles, through and, in some places, even beyond 
                S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla. Eons of historic geological 
                activity provide visitors with vast panoramas of stark, 
                unvegetated lava fields exemplified by the Burnt Lava 
                Flow Geologic Special Interest Area in the southeast 
                and the Callahan Flow in the north, and extending into 
                Lava Beds National Monument along the northeast corner. 
                The area's concentration of lava flows

[[Page 6729]]

                that are fewer than 13,000 years old makes 
                S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla one of the premier places to 
                view geologically young lava flows in California--and 
                in the United States.

                In addition to volcanologists who have come to 
                S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla to study and understand the 
                depths of the earth's core, astronauts have also 
                learned from the area. Between 1965 and 1967, the 
                area's Pumice Crater--located in the central portion of 
                S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla--was used by the National 
                Aeronautics and Space Administration for Apollo program 
                astronauts who trained in the collection and 
                identification of lunar-like geologic features to be 
                prepared for observation and sampling on the moon. 
                Multiple groups of astronauts traveled to the Pumice 
                Crater area, and four of those astronauts flew Apollo 
                missions, making this crater an important piece of 
                space exploration history.

                Many of the lava flows within S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla 
                created islands of remnant forests that were elevated 
                enough to escape the deluge of lava. In the north 
                central area of S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla, one such island 
                is Black Lava Butte, which is dominated by shrubs, 
                grasses, and old-growth ponderosa pine. Isolated from 
                historical logging and development, these islands of 
                forest provide valuable laboratories for future study 
                of enduring and unaltered ecosystems.

                The southern portion of S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla is home 
                to miniature volcanoes known as spatter cones, a well-
                preserved and accessible handful of which appear 
                adjacent to the Giant Crater Lava Flow located in the 
                south-central portion of the area. 
                S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla's more than 100 cinder cones--
                which are formed when lava cools mid-air and falls as 
                fragments creating mounds, including Pumice Stone 
                Mountain, Paint Pot Crater, and Porcupine Butte--are 
                intact, making them of particular scientific interest.

                The Fourmile Hill Tree Molds Geologic Area, situated on 
                the north flank of the Medicine Lake volcano, contains 
                dozens of molds formed over 12,000 years ago when 
                molten lava flowed through a conifer forest leaving 
                behind casts of the ancient tree trunks. These trace 
                fossils can help improve scientists' understanding of 
                the complex geologic history of the region.

                S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla also contains hundreds of cave-
                like lava tubes, which were formed over time when 
                molten basaltic lava flows cooled. Many of these 
                formations are relatively unexplored, with more likely 
                yet to be discovered through future scientific inquiry. 
                The Giant Crater lava tube originates just south of 
                Medicine Lake, extends southward within 
                S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla, and ultimately forms the 
                longest known lava tube system in the world.

                S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla is nearly devoid of surface 
                water drainages, but its surface waters only hint at 
                what is stored underground, as most of the 
                precipitation that falls in this area filters down 
                through the porous volcanic rock filling underground 
                aquifers. These aquifers supply water to spring systems 
                in northern California--and ultimately to the 
                Sacramento River to the south and the Lower Klamath and 
                Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuges to the north.

                The first known Euro-American reports of 
                S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla emerged in 1826-27, with 
                settler-driven development appearing in the region in 
                the 1870s. The Tickner Road, constructed in 1871, 
                served as one of the earliest routes across Siskiyou 
                County, and remnants of two tracks are still visible in 
                isolated sections in the northeast portion of the area.

                As Euro-Americans settled in the traditional homelands 
                of the area's Indigenous peoples, many Tribal Nations 
                suffered dispossession and, often, forced removal. The 
                brutalities against them by Euro-Americans were 
                systemic, as evidenced by California's first Governor 
                declaring a ``war of extermination'' against the 
                Indigenous peoples, and the California State 
                Legislature appropriating a half-million dollars to pay 
                for militia campaigns to kill them. By 1872, 
                hostilities between the U.S. Army and the Modoc Peoples 
                exploded into the Modoc War. Tickner Road was used by 
                the U.S. military during the Modoc War as a supply 
                route, and its remnants serve as a physical marker of 
                this war. While battles took place in lava fields 
                outside and to the north of the area, some Modoc people 
                sought refuge in S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla, where they 
                successfully avoided relocation after the war and 
                ultimately

[[Page 6730]]

                integrated with the Klamath Tribes. For these members 
                of the Modoc, their connection to and knowledge of the 
                S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla area proved life-saving. Other 
                members were less fortunate; following the war several 
                Modoc leaders were captured and hanged, and the 
                remaining approximately 150 survivors were forcibly 
                relocated to Oklahoma. In view of these atrocities and 
                the resulting loss of homelands, S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla 
                and the objects it contains remain particularly 
                significant both to the Modoc and to our Nation's 
                history.

                The area's verdant forests and exceptional geology 
                together have supported and still illustrate important 
                parts of the region's history. For example, 
                S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla's high quality and accessible 
                stands of ponderosa pine attracted the development of 
                railroad logging operations, which came to this area at 
                the end of the 19th century. Today, within the western 
                and northern part of this area, visitors can see the 
                remains of hundreds of miles of railroad grades, relics 
                of logging camps, maintenance stations, loading and 
                switchyards, and other traces from the railroad logging 
                era.

                Near the center of S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla, Little Mt. 
                Hoffman Lookout Tower provides panoramic views across 
                and outside of the area to distant Mt. Shasta, Mt. 
                Lassen, and the Tule Lake Basin. Constructed in the 
                1920s, and eligible for listing on the National 
                Register of Historic Places, the tower was actively 
                used as a wildfire lookout until 1978 and today it 
                provides a chance to see much of the 
                S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla Highlands from the edge of the 
                volcano's caldera.

                S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla's exceptionally varied habitats 
                also support high levels of biodiversity, including a 
                variety of sensitive and endemic species. For example, 
                the Federally listed northern spotted owl relies on 
                mature forest habitat, which is scattered throughout 
                the southern and western portions of 
                S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla. The area also partially 
                overlaps the historic range of the Federally listed 
                Franklin's bumblebee, which has one of the most limited 
                geographic distributions of any bumblebee in the world. 
                The Townsend's big-eared bat, a State of California 
                Species of Concern, uses the region's lava tube caves 
                for roosting. The Swainson's hawk returns from South 
                America in the spring to breed in the low-elevation 
                juniper forests, sagebrush, and bitterbrush habitats 
                found along the northwestern edge of area. In the 
                northern portion of S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla, the Three 
                Sisters Bald Eagle Winter Roost Area provides habitat 
                for bald eagles, endangered in California. Scattered 
                aquatic and riparian habitats in the western portion of 
                the area support two State of California Species of 
                Special Concern, the Cascades frog and long-toed 
                salamander. Other species known to be north and south 
                of S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla, such as the Federally listed 
                gray wolf, likely migrate through this area, with 
                S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla providing transitory habitat.

                S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla supports the survival of at 
                least 16 plants considered threatened, endangered, or 
                rare in California, including the Federally listed 
                whitebark pine growing near Garner Mountain in the 
                western portion of the area, as well as a diverse 
                community of fungi, with 20 species considered rare or 
                sparsely distributed. Amongst host trees is the Pacific 
                fuzzwort, a rare liverwort that is at the southern end 
                of its habitat in northern California, and the 
                sugarstick, a parasitic plant associated with the roots 
                of old-growth conifers. As the climate continues to 
                warm, high-elevation habitats within 
                S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla will remain critical refugia for 
                species including the gray-headed pika and the Sierra 
                Nevada red fox, a State of California threatened 
                species.

                S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla continues to provide traditional 
                cultural resources used by Tribal and Indigenous 
                communities, including food staples like sugar pine 
                seeds and berries from gooseberry, currant, and 
                manzanita, as well as plants collected for their 
                medicinal properties, such as bitter cherry and 
                Prince's pine. Various plants found in 
                S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla were historically used by 
                Indigenous peoples for hunting, such as the blue 
                elderberry whose pithy stem-wood was fashioned into elk 
                whistles and is still collected today.

                S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla's soils, formed from lava over 
                time, are home to several sensitive plants, including 
                the sensitive talus collomia, the snow fleabane daisy, 
                little hulsea, and pyrola-leaved buckwheat, all of 
                which are restricted to fewer than four counties in 
                Northern California.

[[Page 6731]]

                At the lower elevations along the northwestern portion 
                of S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla, western juniper and 
                ponderosa pine occur above a collection of Great Basin-
                type shrubs, including curl-leaf mountain-mahogany, 
                bitterbrush, rubber rabbitbrush, and big sage. The 
                leaves, bark, flowers, and seeds from these shrubs were 
                used by Indigenous peoples to make dye and medicines, 
                and the dense wood of mountain-mahogany was used to 
                make digging sticks, fire drills, bows, arrow shafts, 
                and throwing sticks. Two species uncommon in California 
                are found in the dry, volcanic soils near the northern 
                boundary of S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla: the tiny annual 
                doublet and the cushion-like squarestem phlox.

                Wet meadows and fens are infrequent within the 
                landscape, but where they occur, they provide habitat 
                for wetland plant species such as the California-
                endangered Boggs Lake hedge-hyssop and the three-ranked 
                hump moss. Traditional cultural plants found in these 
                wetter habitats, including clover, yarrow, mountain 
                strawberry, Baltic rush, and several grasses, were 
                historically gathered for food, basket materials, and 
                for their medicinal properties. Further, sensitive 
                vernal pools are situated southeast of Medicine Lake, 
                supporting species including Oregon sedge.

                Protection of S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla will conserve the 
                diverse array of cultural, precontact, historic, 
                natural, and scientific resources--that the volcano at 
                its core has shaped--for the benefit of all Americans. 
                It is vital to preserve this unique geologic landscape 
                that holds sites and objects of historical, 
                traditional, cultural, and spiritual significance for 
                Tribal Nations and Indigenous peoples who have gathered 
                Indigenous Knowledge and practiced and shaped their 
                cultures linked integrally to this area over countless 
                generations. In addition to containing numerous objects 
                of historic and scientific interest as described above, 
                this area also provides exceptional outdoor 
                recreational opportunities, including hiking, biking, 
                snowmobiling, camping, hunting, scenic driving, and 
                canoeing.

                WHEREAS, section 320301 of title 54, United States Code 
                (the ``Antiquities Act''), authorizes the President, in 
                the President's discretion, to declare by public 
                proclamation historic landmarks, historic and 
                prehistoric structures, and other objects of historic 
                or scientific interest that are situated upon the lands 
                owned or controlled by the Federal Government to be 
                national monuments, and to reserve as a part thereof 
                parcels of land, the limits of which shall be confined 
                to the smallest area compatible with the proper care 
                and management of the objects to be protected; and

                WHEREAS, S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla has long been 
                profoundly sacred to Tribal Nations and Indigenous 
                peoples with ties to these highlands; and

                WHEREAS, I find that all the objects identified above, 
                and objects of the type identified above within the 
                area described herein, are objects of historic or 
                scientific interest in need of protection under section 
                320301 of title 54, United States Code, regardless of 
                whether they are expressly identified as objects of 
                historic or scientific interest in the text of this 
                proclamation; and

                WHEREAS, I find that there are threats to the objects 
                identified in this proclamation, and in the absence of 
                a reservation under the Antiquities Act, these objects 
                are not adequately protected by applicable law or 
                administrative designations, thus making a national 
                monument designation and reservation necessary to 
                protect the objects of historic and scientific interest 
                identified above for current and future generations; 
                and

                WHEREAS, I find that the boundaries of the monument 
                reserved by this proclamation represent the smallest 
                area compatible with the proper care and management of 
                the objects of scientific or historic interest 
                identified above, as required by the Antiquities Act; 
                and

                WHEREAS, it is in the public interest to ensure the 
                preservation, restoration, and protection of the 
                objects of scientific and historic interest identified 
                above;

                NOW, THEREFORE, I, JOSEPH R. BIDEN JR., President of 
                the United States of America, by the authority vested 
                in me by section 320301 of title 54,

[[Page 6732]]

                United States Code, hereby proclaim the objects 
                identified above that are situated upon lands and 
                interests in lands owned or controlled by the Federal 
                Government to be the S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla Highlands 
                National Monument (monument) and, for the purpose of 
                protecting those objects, reserve as part thereof all 
                lands and interests in lands that are owned or 
                controlled by the Federal Government within the 
                boundaries described on the accompanying map, which is 
                attached hereto and forms a part of this proclamation. 
                These reserved Federal lands and interests in lands 
                encompass approximately 224,676 acres. As a result of 
                the distribution of the objects across the 
                S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla Highlands, the boundaries 
                described on the accompanying map are confined to the 
                smallest area compatible with the proper care and 
                management of the objects of historic or scientific 
                interest identified above.

                All Federal lands and interests in lands within the 
                boundaries described of the monument are hereby 
                appropriated and withdrawn from all forms of entry, 
                location, selection, sale, or other disposition under 
                the public land laws or laws applicable to the Forest 
                Service other than by exchange that furthers the 
                protective purposes of the monument; from location, 
                entry, and patent under the mining laws; and from 
                disposition under all laws relating to mineral and 
                geothermal leasing.

                The establishment of the monument is subject to valid 
                existing rights. If the Federal Government subsequently 
                acquires any lands or interests in lands not currently 
                owned or controlled by the Federal Government within 
                the boundaries described on the accompanying map, such 
                lands and interests in lands shall be reserved as a 
                part of the monument, and objects of the type 
                identified above that are situated upon those lands and 
                interests in lands shall be part of the monument, upon 
                acquisition of ownership or control by the Federal 
                Government.

                Nothing in this proclamation shall be construed to 
                alter the valid existing water rights of any party, 
                including the United States. This proclamation does not 
                reserve water as a matter of Federal law.

                The Secretary of Agriculture (Secretary), through the 
                Forest Service, shall manage the monument pursuant to 
                applicable legal authorities, as part of the Modoc, 
                Shasta-Trinity, and Klamath National Forests, and in 
                accordance with the terms, conditions, and management 
                direction provided by this proclamation.

                For purposes of protecting and restoring the objects 
                identified above, the Secretary shall prepare, in 
                consultation with the Secretary of the Interior, within 
                3 years from the date of this proclamation, a 
                management plan for the monument, which shall include 
                provisions for continuing outdoor recreational 
                opportunities consistent with the proper care and 
                management of the objects identified above, and shall 
                promulgate such rules and regulations for the 
                management of the monument as the Secretary shall deem 
                appropriate. The Secretary, through the Forest Service, 
                shall consult with other Federal land management 
                agencies or agency components in the local area, 
                including the Bureau of Land Management, the Fish and 
                Wildlife Service, the Department of Defense, and the 
                National Park Service, in developing the management 
                plan.

                The Secretary shall provide for maximum public 
                involvement in the development of the management plan, 
                as well as consultation with federally recognized 
                Tribal Nations with cultural or historical connections 
                to the monument, and conferral with State and local 
                governments. In preparing the management plan, the 
                Secretary shall take into account, to the maximum 
                extent practicable, maintaining the undeveloped 
                character of the lands within the monument; minimizing 
                impacts from surface-disturbing activities; providing 
                appropriate and, where consistent with the proper care 
                and management of the objects of historic or scientific 
                interest identified above, improving access for 
                recreation, hunting, fishing, wildfire risk reduction, 
                wildlife management, and scientific research; and 
                emphasizing the retention of natural quiet, dark night 
                skies, and scenic values. In the development and 
                implementation

[[Page 6733]]

                of the management plan, the Secretary shall maximize 
                opportunities, pursuant to applicable legal 
                authorities, for shared resources, operational 
                efficiency, and cooperation, and shall, to the maximum 
                extent practicable, provide for the careful and full 
                incorporation of the Indigenous Knowledge and special 
                expertise of Tribal Nations.

                The Secretary shall consider appropriate mechanisms to 
                provide for temporary closures to the general public of 
                specific portions of the monument to protect the 
                privacy of cultural, religious, and gathering 
                activities by members of Tribal Nations.

                The Secretary, through the Forest Service, shall 
                establish an advisory committee under chapter 10 of 
                title 5, United States Code (commonly known as the 
                Federal Advisory Committee Act), to provide advice or 
                recommendations regarding the development of the 
                management plan and, as appropriate, management of the 
                monument. The advisory committee shall consist of a 
                fair and balanced representation of interested 
                stakeholders, including State agencies and local 
                governments; Tribal Nations; recreational users; 
                conservation organizations; wildlife, hunting and 
                fishing organizations; the scientific community; 
                business owners; the forestry community; and the 
                general public in the region.

                In recognition of the value of collaboration with 
                Tribal Nations for the proper care and management of 
                the objects identified above, and to ensure that 
                management of the monument is informed by, integrates, 
                and reflects Tribal expertise and Indigenous Knowledge 
                (including in regard to the practice of cultural 
                burning), as appropriate, the Secretary shall 
                meaningfully engage with Tribal Nations with cultural 
                or historic affiliation to the S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla 
                region including by seeking opportunities for co-
                stewardship of the monument.

                If Tribal Nations with cultural or historic affiliation 
                to the S[aacute]tt[iacute]tla region independently 
                establish a commission or other similar entity 
                (commission) comprised of elected officers or official 
                designees from each participating Tribal Nation to 
                engage in co-stewardship of the monument with the 
                Federal Government through shared responsibilities or 
                administration, then the Secretary shall meaningfully 
                engage the commission in the development, revision, or 
                amendment of the management plan and the management of 
                the monument, including by considering and, as 
                appropriate, integrating the Indigenous Knowledge and 
                special expertise of the members of the commission in 
                the planning and management of the monument. The 
                management plan for the monument shall also set forth 
                parameters for continued meaningful engagement with the 
                commission, if established, in the implementation of 
                the management plan and, as appropriate, incorporate 
                public education on and interpretation of traditional 
                place names and the cultural significance of land 
                within the monument into the management plan. The 
                Secretary shall explore opportunities to provide 
                support to the commission, if established, to enable 
                participation in the planning and management of the 
                monument.

                The Secretary shall also explore entering into 
                cooperative agreements or contracts, pursuant to the 
                Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act, 
                25 U.S.C. 5301 et seq., or other applicable 
                authorities, with Tribes or Tribal organizations to 
                perform administrative or management functions within 
                the monument and providing technical and financial 
                assistance to improve the capacity of Tribal Nations to 
                develop, enter into, and carry out activities under 
                such cooperative agreements or contracts. The Secretary 
                also shall explore opportunities for funding agreements 
                with Tribal Nations relating to the management and 
                protection of traditional cultural properties and other 
                culturally significant programming associated with the 
                monument.

                Nothing in this proclamation shall be deemed to alter, 
                modify, abrogate, enlarge, or diminish the rights or 
                jurisdiction of any Tribal Nation, including off-
                reservation reserved rights. The Secretary shall, to 
                the maximum extent permitted by law and in consultation 
                with Tribal Nations, ensure the protection of sacred 
                sites and cultural properties and sites in the monument

[[Page 6734]]

                and shall provide access to Tribal members for 
                traditional cultural, spiritual, and customary uses, 
                consistent with the American Indian Religious Freedom 
                Act (42 U.S.C. 1996), the Religious Freedom Restoration 
                Act (42 U.S.C. 2000bb et seq.), Executive Order 13007 
                of May 24, 1996 (Indian Sacred Sites), and the November 
                10, 2021, Memorandum of Understanding Regarding 
                Interagency Coordination and Collaboration for the 
                Protection of Indigenous Sacred Sites. Such uses shall 
                include but are not limited to, traditional hunting 
                activities and the traditional collection of waters, 
                medicines, berries and other vegetation, obsidian and 
                other mineral products, forest products, and firewood 
                for ceremonial practices, so long as each use is 
                carried out consistent with applicable law and in a 
                manner consistent with the proper care and management 
                of the objects identified above.

                The Secretary shall explore mechanisms, consistent with 
                applicable law, to enable the protection of Indigenous 
                Knowledge or other information relating to the nature 
                and specific location of cultural resources within the 
                monument and, to the extent practicable, shall explain 
                to the holders of such knowledge or information any 
                limitations on the ability to protect such information 
                from disclosure before it is shared with the 
                Department.

                Consistent with the care and management of the objects 
                identified above, the Secretary shall manage livestock 
                grazing as authorized under existing permits and 
                allotments, and subject to appropriate terms and 
                conditions in accordance with existing laws and 
                regulations. The Secretary shall not issue new grazing 
                permits and shall not designate new allotments on 
                Federal lands within the monument where livestock 
                grazing is not currently allowed.

                Nothing in this proclamation shall be construed to 
                preclude the renewal or assignment of, or interfere 
                with the operation, maintenance, replacement, 
                modification, upgrade, or access to, existing or 
                previously approved flood control, utility, pipeline, 
                and telecommunications sites or facilities; roads or 
                highway corridors; seismic monitoring facilities; or 
                water infrastructure, including wildlife water 
                developments or water district facilities, within the 
                boundaries of existing or previously approved 
                authorizations within the monument. Existing or 
                previously approved flood control, utility, pipeline, 
                telecommunications, and seismic monitoring facilities, 
                roads or highway corridors, and water infrastructure, 
                including wildlife water developments or water district 
                facilities, may be expanded, and new facilities of such 
                kind may be constructed, to the extent consistent with 
                the proper care and management of the objects 
                identified above and subject to the Secretary's 
                authorities and other applicable law.

                For purposes of protecting and restoring the objects 
                identified above, the Secretary shall prepare a 
                transportation plan that designates the roads and 
                trails on which motorized and non-motorized mechanized 
                vehicle use will be allowed. The transportation plan 
                shall include management decisions, including road 
                closures and travel restrictions, necessary to protect 
                the objects identified in this proclamation. Except for 
                emergency purposes and authorized administrative 
                purposes, motorized vehicle use in the monument may be 
                permitted only on roads and trails documented as 
                existing in USDA Forest Service route inventories that 
                exist as of the date of this proclamation. Any 
                additional roads or trails designated for motorized 
                vehicle use by the general public must be designated 
                only for the purposes of public safety needs or if 
                necessary for the protection of the objects identified 
                above.

                Nothing in this proclamation shall affect the ability 
                of the Forest Service or the Bureau of Land Management, 
                after consultation with the Forest Service, to provide 
                access to or to remediate or monitor contaminated lands 
                within the monument, including to provide ancillary 
                road and utility access or water control developments, 
                or access for remediation of geothermal, mine, mill, or 
                tailing sites, for the restoration of natural 
                resources, or for the plugging and abandonment of 
                wells.

                Nothing in this proclamation shall preclude low-level 
                overflights of military aircraft, military flight 
                testing or evaluation, the designation of new units of 
                special use airspace, or the use or establishment of 
                military flight training

[[Page 6735]]

                routes after appropriate coordination between the 
                Department of Defense and the Department of 
                Agriculture.

                Nothing in this proclamation shall be deemed to enlarge 
                or diminish the jurisdiction of the State of California 
                with respect to fish and wildlife management, including 
                hunting and fishing, on the lands reserved by this 
                proclamation.

                The Secretary may carry out vegetative management 
                treatments within the monument to the extent consistent 
                with the proper care and management of the objects 
                identified above, including addressing ecological 
                restoration, wildlife connectivity or the risk of 
                wildfire, insect infestation, or disease that would 
                endanger the objects identified in this proclamation or 
                imperil public safety. Nothing in this proclamation 
                shall be deemed to affect the use of prescribed fire 
                within the monument. The Secretary shall evaluate 
                opportunities to enter into one or more agreements with 
                governments, including State, local, and Tribal, 
                regarding the protection of the objects identified 
                above during wildland fire prevention and response 
                efforts.

                Nothing in this proclamation shall be construed to 
                alter the authority or responsibility of any party with 
                respect to emergency response activities within the 
                monument, including wildland fire response and search 
                and rescue.

                Nothing in this proclamation shall be deemed to revoke 
                any existing withdrawal, reservation, or appropriation; 
                however, the monument shall be the dominant 
                reservation.

                Warning is hereby given to all unauthorized persons not 
                to appropriate, injure, destroy, or remove any feature 
                of the monument and not to locate or settle upon any of 
                the lands thereof.

                If any provision of this proclamation, including its 
                application to a particular parcel of land, is held to 
                be invalid, the remainder of this proclamation and its 
                application to other parcels of land shall not be 
                affected thereby.

                IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this 
                fourteenth day of January, in the year of our Lord two 
                thousand twenty-five, and of the Independence of the 
                United States of America the two hundred and forty-
                ninth.
                
                
                    (Presidential Sig.)

Billing code 3395-F4-P

[[Page 6736]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TD17JA25.115

[FR Doc. 2025-01443
Filed 1-16-25; 11:15 a.m.]
Billing code 3410-10-C
```