6806 Federal Register / Vol. 90, No. 12 / Tuesday, January 21, 2025 / Rules and Regulations 

1 If a statute that created a penalty is amended to 

change the penalty amount, the Department does 

not adjust the penalty in the year following the 

adjustment. 

levels of government. Therefore, in 

accordance with Executive Order 13132, 

‘‘Federalism,’’ the Department has 

determined that this rule does not have 

sufficient federalism implications to 

warrant the preparation of a federalism 

summary impact statement. 

F. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 

1995 

This rule will not result in the 

expenditure by State, local, and tribal 

governments, in the aggregate, or by the 

private sector, of $100 million or more 

(adjusted for inflation) in any one year, 

and it will not significantly or uniquely 

affect small governments. Therefore, no 

actions are necessary under the 

provisions of the Unfunded Mandates 

Reform Act of 1995, 2 U.S.C. 1501 et 

seq. 

G. Congressional Review Act 

This rule is not a major rule as 

defined by section 804 of the 

Congressional Review Act (CRA), 5 

U.S.C. 804. This action pertains to 

agency management or personnel, and 

agency organization, procedure, or 

practice, and does not substantially 

affect the rights or obligations of nonagency parties. Accordingly, it is not a 

‘‘rule’’ as that term is used in the CRA, 

5 U.S.C. 804(3), and the reporting 

requirement of 5 U.S.C. 801 does not 

apply. 

H. Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 

This final rule does not impose any 

new reporting or recordkeeping 

requirements under the Paperwork 

Reduction Act of 1995, 44 U.S.C. 3501– 

3521. 

List of Subjects in 28 CFR Part 50 

Administrative practice and 

procedure. 

■ Accordingly, the interim rule 

amending 28 CFR part 50, which was 

published at 86 FR 37674 on July 16, 

2021, is adopted as final without 

change. 

Dated: January 14, 2025. 

Merrick B. Garland, 

Attorney General. 

[FR Doc. 2025–01409 Filed 1–17–25; 8:45 am] 

BILLING CODE 4410–BB–P 

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION 

34 CFR Parts 36 and 668 

RIN 1801–AA25 

Adjustment of Civil Monetary Penalties 

for Inflation 

AGENCY: Department of Education. 

ACTION: Final regulations. 

SUMMARY: The Department of Education 

(Department) issues these final 

regulations to adjust the Department’s 

civil monetary penalties (CMPs) for 

inflation. This adjustment is required by 

the Federal Civil Penalties Inflation 

Adjustment Act Improvements Act of 

2015 (2015 Act), which amended the 

Federal Civil Penalties Inflation 

Adjustment Act of 1990 (Inflation 

Adjustment Act). These final regulations 

provide the 2025 annual inflation 

adjustments being made to the penalty 

amounts in the Department’s final 

regulations published in the Federal 

Register on January 25, 2024 (2024 final 

rule). 

DATES: These regulations are effective 

January 21, 2025. The adjusted CMPs 

established by these regulations are 

applicable only to civil penalties 

assessed after January 21, 2025, whose 

associated violations occurred after 

November 2, 2015. 

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: 

Rhondalyn Primes, U.S. Department of 

Education, Office of the General 

Counsel, 400 Maryland Avenue SW, 

Room 6C150, Washington, DC 20202– 

2241. Telephone: (202) 453–6444. 

Email: rhondalyn.primes@ed.gov. 

If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or 

have a speech disability and wish to 

access telecommunications relay 

services, please dial 7–1–1. 

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

Background 

A CMP is defined in the Inflation 

Adjustment Act (28 U.S.C. 2461 note) as 

any penalty, fine, or other sanction that 

is (1) for a specific monetary amount as 

provided by Federal law, or has a 

maximum amount provided for by 

Federal law; (2) assessed or enforced by 

an agency pursuant to Federal law; and 

(3) assessed or enforced pursuant to an 

administrative proceeding or a civil 

action in the Federal courts. 

The Inflation Adjustment Act 

provides for the regular evaluation of 

CMPs to ensure that they continue to 

maintain their deterrent value. The 

Inflation Adjustment Act required that 

each agency issue regulations to adjust 

its CMPs beginning in 1996 and at least 

every four years thereafter. The 

Department published its most recent 

cost adjustment to its CMPs in the 

Federal Register on January 25, 2024 

(89 FR 4829) (2024 final rule), and those 

adjustments became effective on the 

date of publication. 

The 2015 Act (section 701 of Pub. L. 

114–74) amended the Inflation 

Adjustment Act to improve the 

effectiveness of CMPs and to maintain 

their deterrent effect. 

The 2015 Act requires agencies to: (1) 

adjust the level of CMPs with an initial 

‘‘catch-up’’ adjustment through an 

interim final rule (IFR); and (2) make 

subsequent annual adjustments for 

inflation. Catch-up adjustments are 

based on the percentage change between 

the Consumer Price Index for all Urban 

Consumers (CPI–U) for the month of 

October in the year the penalty was last 

adjusted by a statute other than the 

Inflation Adjustment Act, and the 

October 2015 CPI–U. Annual inflation 

adjustments are based on the percentage 

change between the October CPI–U 

preceding the date of each statutory 

adjustment, and the prior year’s October 

CPI–U.1 The Department published an 

IFR with the initial ‘‘catch-up’’ penalty 

adjustment amounts on August 1, 2016 

(81 FR 50321). 

In these final regulations, based on 

the CPI–U for the month of October 

2024, not seasonally adjusted, we are 

annually adjusting each CMP amount by 

a multiplier for 2025 of 1.02598, as 

directed by the Office of Management 

and Budget (OMB) Memorandum No. 

M–25–02 issued on December 17, 2024. 

The Department’s Civil Monetary 

Penalties 

The following analysis calculates new 

CMPs for penalty statutes in the order 

in which they appear in 34 CFR 36.2. 

The penalty amounts are being adjusted 

up based on the multiplier of 1.02598 

provided in OMB Memorandum No. M– 

25–02. 

Statute: 20 U.S.C. 1015(c)(5). 

Current Regulations: The CMP for 20 

U.S.C. 1015(c)(5) (section 131(c)(5) of 

the Higher Education Act of 1965, as 

amended (HEA)), as last set out in 

statute in 1998 (Pub. L. 105–244, title I, 

section 101(a), October 7, 1998, 112 

Stat. 1602), is a fine of up to $25,000 for 

failure by an institution of higher 

education (IHE) to provide information 

on the cost of higher education to the 

Commissioner of Education Statistics. In 

the 2024 final rule, we increased this 

amount to $46,901. 

New Regulations: The new penalty for 

this section is $48,119. 

Reason: Using the multiplier of 

1.02598 from OMB Memorandum No. 

M–25–02, the new penalty is calculated 

as follows: $46,901 × 1.02598 = 

$48,119.49, which makes the adjusted 

penalty $48,119, when rounded to the 

nearest dollar. 


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Federal Register / Vol. 90, No. 12 / Tuesday, January 21, 2025 / Rules and Regulations 6807 

Statute: 20 U.S.C. 1022d(a)(3). 

Current Regulations: The CMP for 20 

U.S.C. 1022d(a)(3) (section 205(a)(3) of 

the HEA), as last set out in statute in 

2008 (Pub. L. 110–315, title II, section 

201(2), August 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3147), 

is a fine of up to $27,500 for failure by 

an IHE to provide information to the 

State and the public regarding its 

teacher-preparation programs. In the 

2024 final rule, we increased this 

amount to $39,065. 

New Regulations: The new penalty for 

this section is $40,080. 

Reason: Using the multiplier of 

1.02598 from OMB Memorandum No. 

M–25–02, the new penalty is calculated 

as follows: $39,065 × 1.02598 = 

$40,079.90, which makes the adjusted 

penalty $40,080, when rounded to the 

nearest dollar. 

Statute: 20 U.S.C. 1082(g). 

Current Regulations: The CMP for 20 

U.S.C. 1082(g) (section 432(g) of the 

HEA), as last set out in statute in 1986 

(Pub. L. 99–498, title IV, section 402(a), 

October 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1401), is a 

fine of up to $25,000 for violations by 

lenders and guaranty agencies of Title 

IV of the HEA, which authorizes the 

Federal Family Education Loan 

Program. In the 2024 final rule, we 

increased this amount to $69,733. 

New Regulations: The new penalty for 

this section is $71,545. 

Reason: Using the multiplier of 

1.02598 from OMB Memorandum No. 

M–25–02, the new penalty is calculated 

as follows: $69,733 × 1.02598 = 

$71,544.66, which makes the adjusted 

penalty $71,545, when rounded to the 

nearest dollar. 

Statute: 20 U.S.C. 1094(c)(3)(B). 

Current Regulations: The CMP for 20 

U.S.C. 1094(c)(3)(B) (section 487(c)(3)(B) 

of the HEA), as set out in statute in 1986 

(Pub. L. 99–498, title IV, section 407(a), 

October 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1488), is a 

fine of up to $25,000 for an IHE’s 

violation of title IV of the HEA or its 

implementing regulations. Title IV 

authorizes various programs of student 

financial assistance. In the 2024 final 

rule, we increased this amount to 

$69,733. 

New Regulations: The new penalty for 

this section is $71,545. 

Reason: Using the multiplier of 

1.02598 from OMB Memorandum No. 

M–25–02, the new penalty is calculated 

as follows: $69,733 × 1.02598 = 

$71,544.66, which makes the adjusted 

penalty $71,545, when rounded to the 

nearest dollar. 

Statute: 20 U.S.C. 1228c(c)(2)(E). 

Current Regulations: The CMP for 20 

U.S.C. 1228c(c)(2)(E) (section 429 of the 

General Education Provisions Act), as 

set out in statute in 1994 (Pub. L. 103– 

382, title II, section 238, October 20, 

1994, 108 Stat. 3918), is a fine of up to 

$1,000 for an educational organization’s 

failure to disclose certain information to 

minor students and their parents. In the 

2024 final rule, we increased this 

amount to $2,058. 

New Regulations: The new penalty for 

this section is $2,111. 

Reason: Using the multiplier of 

1.02598 from OMB Memorandum No. 

M–25–02, the new penalty is calculated 

as follows: $2,058 × 1.02598 = 

$2,111.46, which makes the adjusted 

penalty $2,111, when rounded to the 

nearest dollar. 

Statute: 31 U.S.C. 1352(c)(1) and 

(c)(2)(A). 

Current Regulations: The CMPs for 31 

U.S.C. 1352(c)(1) and (c)(2)(A), as set 

out in statute in 1989 (Pub. L. 101–121, 

title III, section 319(a)(1), October 23, 

1989, 103 Stat. 750), are a fine of 

$10,000 to $100,000 for recipients of 

Government grants, contracts, etc. that 

improperly lobby Congress or the 

executive branch with respect to the 

award of Government grants and 

contracts. In the 2024 final rule, we 

increased these amounts to $24,496 to 

$244,958. 

New Regulations: The new penalties 

for these sections are $25,132 to 

$251,322. 

Reason: Using the multiplier of 

1.02598 from OMB Memorandum No. 

M–25–02, the new minimum penalty is 

calculated as follows: $24,496 × 1.02598 

= $25,132.40, which makes the adjusted 

penalty $25,132, when rounded to the 

nearest dollar. The new maximum 

penalty is calculated as follows: 

$244,958 × 1.02598 = $251,322.00, 

which makes the adjusted penalty 

$251,322, when rounded to the nearest 

dollar. 

Statute: 31 U.S.C. 3802(a)(1) and 

(a)(2). 

Current Regulations: The CMPs for 31 

U.S.C. 3802(a)(1) and (a)(2), as set out in 

statute in 1986 (Pub. L. 99–509, title VI, 

section 6103(a), Oct. 21, 1986, 100 Stat. 

1937), are a fine of up to $5,000 for false 

claims and statements made to the 

Government. In the 2024 final rule, we 

increased this amount to $13,946. 

New Regulations: The new penalty for 

this section is $14,308. 

Reason: Using the multiplier of 

1.02598 from OMB Memorandum No. 

M–25–02, the new penalty is calculated 

as follows: $13,946 × 1.02598 = 

$14,308.32, which makes the adjusted 

penalty $14,308 when rounded to the 

nearest dollar. 

Executive Orders 12866, 13563 and 

14094 

Regulatory Impact Analysis 

Under Executive Order 12866, the 

Office of Management and Budget 

(OMB) must determine whether this 

regulatory action is ‘‘significant’’ and, 

therefore, subject to the requirements of 

the Executive order and subject to 

review by OMB. Section 3(f) of 

Executive Order 12866, as amended by 

Executive Order 14094, defines a 

‘‘significant regulatory action’’ as an 

action likely to result in a rule that 

may— 

(1) Have an annual effect on the 

economy of $200 million or more, 

(adjusted every 3 years by the 

Administrator of OMB’s Office of 

Information and Regulatory Affairs 

(OIRA) for changes in gross domestic 

product); or adversely affect in a 

material way the economy, a sector of 

the economy, productivity, competition, 

jobs, the environment, public health or 

safety, or State, local, territorial, or 

Tribal governments or communities; 

(2) Create serious inconsistency or 

otherwise interfere with an action taken 

or planned by another agency; 

(3) Materially alter the budgetary 

impacts of entitlements, grants, user 

fees, or loan programs or the rights and 

obligations of recipients thereof; or 

(4) Raise legal or policy issues for 

which centralized review would 

meaningfully further the President’s 

priorities, or the principles set forth in 

this Executive order, as specifically 

authorized in a timely manner by the 

Administrator of OIRA in each case. 

We have determined that these final 

regulations: (1) exclusively implement 

the annual adjustment; (2) are consistent 

with OMB Memorandum No. M–25–02; 

and (3) have an annual impact of less 

than $200 million. Therefore, based on 

OMB Memorandum No. M–25–02, this 

is not a significant regulatory action 

subject to review by OMB under section 

3(f) of Executive Order 12866 (as 

amended by Executive Order 14094). 

We have also reviewed these 

regulations under Executive Order 

13563, which supplements and 

explicitly reaffirms the principles, 

structures, and definitions governing 

regulatory review established in 

Executive Order 12866 (as amended by 

Executive Order 14094). To the extent 

permitted by law, Executive Order 

13563 requires that an agency— 

(1) Propose or adopt regulations only 

upon a reasoned determination that 

their benefits justify their costs 

(recognizing that some benefits and 

costs are difficult to quantify); 


ddrumheller on DSK120RN23PROD with RULES1
6808 Federal Register / Vol. 90, No. 12 / Tuesday, January 21, 2025 / Rules and Regulations 

(2) Tailor its regulations to impose the 

least burden on society, consistent with 

obtaining regulatory objectives and 

taking into account, among other things, 

and to the extent practicable, the costs 

of cumulative regulations; 

(3) In choosing among alternative 

regulatory approaches, select those 

approaches that maximize net benefits 

(including potential economic, 

environmental, public health and safety, 

and other advantages; distributive 

impacts; and equity); 

(4) To the extent feasible, specify 

performance objectives, rather than the 

behavior or manner of compliance a 

regulated entity must adopt; and 

(5) Identify and assess available 

alternatives to direct regulation, 

including economic incentives—such as 

user fees or marketable permits—to 

encourage the desired behavior, or 

providing information that enables the 

public to make choices. 

Executive Order 13563 also requires 

an agency ‘‘to use the best available 

techniques to quantify anticipated 

present and future benefits and costs as 

accurately as possible.’’ OIRA has 

emphasized that these techniques may 

include ‘‘identifying changing future 

compliance costs that might result from 

technological innovation or anticipated 

behavioral changes.’’ 

We are issuing these final regulations 

as required by statute and in accordance 

with OMB Memorandum No. M–25–02. 

The Secretary has no discretion to 

consider alternative approaches as 

delineated in the Executive order. Based 

on this analysis and the reasons stated 

in the preamble, the Department 

believes that these final regulations are 

consistent with the principles in 

Executive Order 13563. 

Waiver of Rulemaking and Delayed 

Effective Date 

Under the Administrative Procedure 

Act (APA) (5 U.S.C. 553), the 

Department generally offers interested 

parties the opportunity to comment on 

proposed regulations. However, section 

4(b)(2) of the 2015 Act (28 U.S.C. 2461 

note) provides that the Secretary can 

adjust these 2025 penalty amounts 

notwithstanding the requirements of 5 

U.S.C. 553. Therefore, the requirements 

of 5 U.S.C. 553 for notice and comment 

and delaying the effective date of a final 

rule do not apply here. 

Regulatory Flexibility Act Certification 

Pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 601(2), the 

Regulatory Flexibility Act applies only 

to rules for which an agency publishes 

a general notice of proposed 

rulemaking. The Regulatory Flexibility 

Act does not apply to this rulemaking 

because section 4(b)(2) of the 2015 Act 

(28 U.S.C. 2461 note) provides that the 

Secretary can adjust these 2025 penalty 

amounts without publishing a general 

notice of proposed rulemaking. 

Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 

These regulations do not contain any 

information collection requirements. 

Intergovernmental Review 

This program is not subject to 

Executive Order 12372 and the 

regulations in 34 CFR part 79. 

Assessment of Educational Impact 

Based on our own review, we have 

determined that these regulations do not 

require transmission of information that 

any other agency or authority of the 

United States gathers or makes 

available. 

Accessible Format: On request to the 

program contact person listed under FOR

FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT, 

individuals with disabilities can obtain 

this document in an accessible format. 

The Department will provide the 

requestor with an accessible format that 

may include Rich Text Format (RTF) or 

text format (txt), a thumb drive, an MP3 

file, Braille, large print, audiotape, 

compact disc, or other accessible format. 

Electronic Access to This Document: 

The official version of this document is 

the document published in the Federal 

Register. You may access the official 

edition of the Federal Register and the 

Code of Federal Regulations at 

www.govinfo.gov. At this site you can 

view this document, as well as all other 

Department documents published in the 

Federal Register, in text or Portable 

Document Format (PDF). To use PDF 

you must have Adobe Acrobat Reader, 

which is available free at the site. 

You may also access Department 

documents published in the Federal 

Register by using the article search 

feature at www.federalregister.gov. 

Specifically, through the advanced 

search feature at this site, you can limit 

your search to documents published by 

the Department. 

List of Subjects 

34 CFR Part 36 

Claims, Fraud, Penalties. 

34 CFR Part 668 

Administrative practice and 

procedure, Aliens, Colleges and 

universities, Consumer protection, 

Grant programs-education, Loan 

programs-education, Reporting and 

recordkeeping requirements, Selective 

Service System, Student aid, Vocational 

education. 

Miguel Cardona, 

Secretary of Education. 

For the reasons discussed in the 

preamble, the Secretary amends parts 36 

and 668 of title 34 of the Code of 

Federal Regulations as follows: 

PART 36—ADJUSTMENT OF CIVIL 

MONETARY PENALTIES FOR 

INFLATION 

■ 1. The authority citation for part 36 

continues to read as follows: 

Authority: 20 U.S.C. 1221e–3 and 3474; 28 

U.S.C. 2461 note, as amended by § 701 of 

Pub. Law 114–74, unless otherwise noted. 

■ 2. Section 36.2 is amended by revising 

table 1 to read as follows: 

§ 36.2 Penalty adjustment. 

* * * * * 

TABLE 1 TO § 36.2—CIVIL MONETARY PENALTY INFLATION ADJUSTMENTS

Statute Description 

New maximum 

(and minimum, 

if applicable) 

penalty amount 

20 U.S.C. 1015(c)(5) (section 131(c)(5) of the 

Higher Education Act of 1965 (HEA)).

Provides for a fine, as set by Congress in 1998, of up to $25,000 

for failure by an institution of higher education (IHE) to provide 

information on the cost of higher education to the Commissioner of Education Statistics.

$48,119. 

20 U.S.C. 1022d(a)(3) (section 205(a)(3) of the 

HEA).

Provides for a fine, as set by Congress in 2008, of up to $27,500 

for failure by an IHE to provide information to the State and the 

public regarding its teacher-preparation programs.

$40,080. 


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1 87 FR 45730 (July 29, 2022). 

TABLE 1 TO § 36.2—CIVIL MONETARY PENALTY INFLATION ADJUSTMENTS—Continued 

Statute Description 

New maximum 

(and minimum, 

if applicable) 

penalty amount 

20 U.S.C. 1082(g) (section 432(g) of the HEA) ... Provides for a civil penalty, as set by Congress in 1986, of up to 

$25,000 for violations by lenders and guaranty agencies of title 

IV of the HEA, which authorizes the Federal Family Education 

Loan Program.

$71,545. 

20 U.S.C. 1094(c)(3)(B) (section 487(c)(3)(B) of 

the HEA).

Provides for a civil penalty, as set by Congress in 1986, of up to 

$25,000 for an IHE’s violation of title IV of the HEA, which authorizes various programs of student financial assistance.

$71,545. 

20 U.S.C. 1228c(c)(2)(E) (section 429 of the 

General Education Provisions Act).

Provides for a civil penalty, as set by Congress in 1994, of up to 

$1,000 for an educational organization’s failure to disclose certain information to minor students and their parents.

$2,111. 

31 U.S.C. 1352(c)(1) and (c)(2)(A) ....................... Provides for a civil penalty, as set by Congress in 1989, of 

$10,000 to $100,000 for recipients of Government grants, contracts, etc. that improperly lobby Congress or the executive 

branch with respect to the award of Government grants and 

contracts.

$25,132 to $251,322. 

31 U.S.C. 3802(a)(1) and (a)(2) ........................... Provides for a civil penalty, as set by Congress in 1986, of up to 

$5,000 for false claims and statements made to the Government.

$14,308. 

PART 668—STUDENT ASSISTANCE 

GENERAL PROVISIONS 

■ 3. The authority citation for part 668 

continues to read in part as follows: 

Authority: 20 U.S.C. 1001–1003, 1070g, 

1085, 1088, 1091, 1092, 1094, 1099c, 1099c– 

1, 1221e–3, and 1231a, unless otherwise 

noted. 

* * * * * 

§ 668.84 [Amended] 

■ 4. Section 668.84 is amended by: 

■ a. In paragraph (a)(1) introductory 

text, removing the number ‘‘$69,733’’ 

and adding, in its place, the number 

‘‘$71,545’’. 

■ b. Removing the parenthetical 

authority citation at the end of the 

section. 

[FR Doc. 2025–01419 Filed 1–16–25; 4:15 pm] 

BILLING CODE 4000–01–P 

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION 

AGENCY 

40 CFR Part 52 

[EPA–R09–OAR–2024–0627; FRL–12536– 

02–R9] 

Interim Final Determination To Defer 

Sanctions, San Joaquin Valley Unified 

Air Pollution Control District 

AGENCY: Environmental Protection 

Agency (EPA). 

ACTION: Interim final determination. 

SUMMARY: The Environmental Protection 

Agency (EPA) is making an interim final 

determination that the California Air 

Resources Board (CARB) has submitted 

a Clean Air Act (CAA or ‘‘Act’’) state 

implementation plan (SIP) revision on 

behalf of the San Joaquin Valley Unified 

Air Pollution Control District 

(SJVUAPCD or ‘‘District’’) that corrects 

deficiencies concerning the District’s 

new source review (NSR) stationary 

source permitting program. This 

determination is based on a proposed 

approval, published elsewhere in this 

issue of the Federal Register, of 

SJVUAPCD Rules 1020, 2020, and 2201. 

The effect of this interim final 

determination is to defer sanctions that 

were triggered by the EPA’s limited 

disapproval of SJVUAPCD Rule 2201 in 

2023. 

DATES: This interim final determination 

is effective January 21, 2025. However, 

comments will be accepted on or before 

February 20, 2025. 

ADDRESSES: Submit your comments, 

identified by Docket ID No. EPA–R09– 

OAR–2024–0620 at https://

www.regulations.gov. For comments 

submitted at Regulations.gov, follow the 

online instructions for submitting 

comments. Once submitted, comments 

cannot be edited or removed from 

Regulations.gov. The EPA may publish 

any comment received to its public 

docket. Do not submit electronically any 

information you consider to be 

Confidential Business Information (CBI) 

or other information whose disclosure is 

restricted by statute. Multimedia 

submissions (audio, video, etc.) must be 

accompanied by a written comment. 

The written comment is considered the 

official comment and should include 

discussion of all points you wish to 

make. The EPA will generally not 

consider comments or comment 

contents located outside of the primary 

submission (i.e., on the web, cloud, or 

other file sharing system). For 

additional submission methods, please 

contact the person identified in the FOR

FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section. 

For the full EPA public comment policy, 

information about CBI or multimedia 

submissions, and general guidance on 

making effective comments, please visit 

https://www.epa.gov/dockets/ 

commenting-epa-dockets. If you need 

assistance in a language other than 

English or if you are a person with a 

disability who needs a reasonable 

accommodation at no cost to you, please 

contact the person identified in the FOR

FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section. 

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: 

Doris Lo, EPA Region IX, 75 Hawthorne 

St., San Francisco, CA 94105; phone: 

(415) 972–3959; email: lo.doris@

epa.gov. 

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

Throughout this document, ‘‘we,’’ ‘‘us,’’ 

and ‘‘our’’ refer to the EPA. 

Table of Contents 

I. Background 

II. EPA Action 

III. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews 

I. Background 

On July 10, 2023, we published a 

limited approval and limited 

disapproval of SJVUAPCD Rule 2201 as 

adopted locally on August 15, 2019.1

We based our limited disapproval action 

on deficiencies identified in the 

submitted rule. This limited approval 

and limited disapproval action started a 

sanctions clock for imposition of offset 

sanctions 18 months after August 9, 


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