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[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. Res. 36 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

<DOC>

119th CONGRESS
  1st Session
S. RES. 36

  Expressing the sense of the Senate that the United States, States, 
 cities, Tribal nations, businesses, institutions of higher education, 
    and other institutions in the United States should work toward 
              achieving the goals of the Paris Agreement.

_______________________________________________________________________

                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                            January 24, 2025

Mr. Markey (for himself, Mr. Durbin, Mr. Merkley, Mr. Wyden, Ms. Smith, 
 Mr. Sanders, Mr. Blumenthal, Mr. Van Hollen, Mr. Welch, Mr. Reed, Mr. 
  Whitehouse, Mr. Schatz, Mr. Booker, Ms. Klobuchar, Mr. Schiff, Mr. 
 Padilla, Mr. Schumer, Mr. Coons, Mrs. Shaheen, Mr. Kaine, Ms. Rosen, 
   and Ms. Duckworth) submitted the following resolution; which was 
             referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations

_______________________________________________________________________

                               RESOLUTION

 
  Expressing the sense of the Senate that the United States, States, 
 cities, Tribal nations, businesses, institutions of higher education, 
    and other institutions in the United States should work toward 
              achieving the goals of the Paris Agreement.

Whereas 195 of the 198 parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on 
        Climate Change have acceded to the decision by the United Nations 
        Framework Convention on Climate Change's 21st Conference of Parties in 
        Paris, France, adopted December 12, 2015 (referred to in this preamble 
        as the ``Paris Agreement'');
Whereas the Climate Change 2023 Synthesis Report by the Intergovernmental Panel 
        on Climate Change found that--

    (1) human activity has been the dominant cause of observed climate 
change over the past century;

    (2) human-caused climate change has led to widespread and rapid changes 
in the atmosphere, ocean, cryosphere, and biosphere;

    (3) vulnerable communities that have historically contributed the least 
to human-caused climate change are disproportionately affected by its 
impacts;

    (4) adverse impact from human-caused climate change will continue to 
intensify;

    (5) continued emissions will further impact all components of the 
climate system, and changes in weather and climate extremes will become 
larger;

    (6) in the near term, global warming is more likely than not to reach 
1.5 degrees Celsius even under low greenhouse gas emission scenarios;

    (7) economic damages from climate change are present in climate-exposed 
sectors like agriculture, forestry, fishery, energy, and tourism;

    (8) global temperatures must be kept below 1.5 degrees Celsius above 
pre-industrialized levels to avoid the most severe impacts of a changing 
climate;

    (9) limiting global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius will require rapid, 
deep, and immediate greenhouse gas emission reductions; and

    (10) deep, rapid, and sustained mitigation and adaptation measures 
between 2020 and 2030 would help to reduce loss and damage for humans and 
ecosystems;

Whereas, in 2024, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration reported 
        27 disasters that each resulted in at least $1,000,000,000 in damages 
        and, in total, an estimated amount of $182,700,000,000 in damages;
Whereas the National Aeronautics and Space Administration determined that in 
        2020, the decrease in greenhouse gas emissions in the United States was 
        due to the economic recession associated with the impacts of the 
        coronavirus pandemic;
Whereas, in 2021 and 2022, carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel consumption 
        in the United States rose 8 percent relative to 2020 and 1 percent 
        relative to 2021, returning to pre-pandemic levels;
Whereas, in 2022, the Energy Information Administration reported that renewable 
        energy generated more power than coal for the first time in the United 
        States;
Whereas, in 2023, approximately 40 percent of the global electricity supply was 
        provided by zero-carbon sources, according to the International Energy 
        Agency;
Whereas, in 2024, automakers sold more than 1,300,000 electric vehicles in the 
        United States, making up 8 percent of all new vehicles sales;
Whereas 32 States have released a climate plan;
Whereas 29 States and the District of Columbia adopted a renewable portfolio 
        standard;
Whereas 36 States and the District of Columbia have adopted clean vehicle 
        policies;
Whereas 24 States and the District of Columbia have adopted greenhouse gas 
        emissions targets;
Whereas 33 States have adopted energy efficiency resource standards;
Whereas 11 States have implemented the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative to 
        construct a market-based system that sets a cap on emissions from the 
        electric sector that declines by 3 percent per year from 2021 through 
        2030, with a current goal of reducing power sector emissions among the 
        participating States by 30 percent below 2020 levels by 2030;
Whereas the State of California has a strategy to reduce greenhouse gas 
        emissions to 48 percent below 1990 levels by 2030 and reduce greenhouse 
        gas emissions by 85 percent by 2045;
Whereas, in the United States, 90 cities, 11 counties, 2 States, and the 
        District of Columbia have adopted 100 percent clean and renewable energy 
        goals, and 217 companies have committed to 100 percent renewable energy;
Whereas, since Public Law 117-168 (commonly known as the `Inflation Reduction 
        Act'), the largest United States investment in climate and clean energy 
        in history was passed in August 2022, clean energy companies have 
        announced or advanced nearly 750 projects, more than $422,000,000,000 in 
        investments, and created more than 400,000 new clean energy jobs;
Whereas more than 85 percent of the investments from the Inflation Reduction Act 
        were made in counties with below average college graduation rates and 
        more than 75 percent of investments were made in areas with below 
        average median household incomes;
Whereas the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (Public Law 117-58) and the 
        Inflation Reduction Act are estimated to create up to 1,700,000 new jobs 
        by 2030 and 2,900,000 jobs by 2035;
Whereas, in 2024, the United States submitted a new nationally determined 
        contribution, in accordance with the Paris Agreement, to reduce 
        greenhouse gas emissions in the United States by 61 to 66 percent below 
        2005 levels by 2035, which is made possible in part by programs and 
        investments supported by the Inflation Reduction Act and the 
        Infrastructure Law Investment and Jobs Act (Public Law 117-58);
Whereas, in 2023, more money was invested in solar energy than in oil for the 
        first time globally;
Whereas, in 2023, more than 8,300,000 people in the United States worked in the 
        energy sector in all 50 States, including in industries relating to wind 
        energy, solar energy, energy efficiency, clean vehicles, and energy 
        storage;
Whereas, in 2023, approximately 495,871 people in the United States were working 
        in the solar and wind industries, including roofers, electricians, and 
        steel workers;
Whereas the 2024 U.S. Energy and Employment Jobs Report published by the 
        Department of Energy found that new clean energy jobs are outpacing the 
        rest of the energy sector and United States economy by more than 2 
        times;
Whereas the vehicle emissions standards updated by the Environmental Protection 
        Agency in 2024 for vehicle model years 2027 through 2032 are predicted--

    (1) to provide $13,000,000,000 in annual health benefits from air 
pollution reduction;

    (2) to save drivers nearly $6,000 over the lifetime of a new vehicle 
from fuel and maintenance costs; and

    (3) to prevent 25,000 premature deaths;

Whereas the America Is All In coalition--

    (1) has evolved from the 2017 launched We Are Still In Coalition to 
become the largest subnational climate coalition in the United States 
composed of States, Tribal nations, cities, businesses, universities, 
healthcare organizations, faith groups, and cultural institutions;

    (2) has committed to uphold the Paris Agreement and formally reaffirmed 
that commitment at the recent ninth anniversary of the landmark Paris 
Agreement;

    (3) represents approximately \3/4\ of the gross domestic product of the 
United States and \2/3\ of the population of the United States through city 
and State partners; and

    (4) has committed to supporting subnational climate leaders as they 
build climate resilience and sustainable supply chains;

Whereas on the day before President Donald Trump announced the withdrawal of the 
        United States from the Paris Agreement on June 1, 2017, Hua Chunying, 
        spokesperson of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic 
        of China, which is the world's current largest emitter of greenhouse gas 
        emissions, said ``China will stay committed to upholding and promoting 
        the global governance on climate change, and take an active part in the 
        multilateral process on climate change and promote green, low-carbon and 
        sustainable growth of the world.'';
Whereas, according to the International Energy Agency, China has made more than 
        $800,000,000,000 in foreign investment in clean energy and energy 
        storage infrastructure around the world since 2016; and
Whereas the United States needs both a fully engaged Federal Government and 
        States, cities, businesses, and all subnational actors working together 
        to reduce emissions, avoid the worst effects of climate change, and 
        compete in the global clean energy market: Now, therefore, be it
    Resolved, That it is the sense of the Senate that the United 
States--
            (1) should remain a party to the Paris Agreement;
            (2) should support policies at the Federal, State, and 
        local level that promote the reduction of global warming 
        pollution and aim to meet the objectives of the Paris 
        Agreement; and
            (3) should support the clear intents and efforts of 
        businesses, investors, and whole-of-American-society to take 
        action on climate change.
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