3828 Federal Register / Vol. 90, No. 9 / Wednesday, January 15, 2025 / Notices 

ACTION: Notice of availability; 

correction. 

SUMMARY: The Environmental Protection 

Agency (EPA) is making a correction to 

a notice that appeared in the Federal 

Register on December 26, 2024. The 

notice of availability contained an 

incorrect value in Table 1, which is 

corrected below. 

DATES: Comments must be received on 

or before February 24, 2025. 

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: 

Brandi Echols, Health and Ecological 

Criteria Division, Office of Water 

(4304T), Environmental Protection 

Agency, 1301 Constitution Ave. NW, 

Washington, DC 20460; telephone 

number: (202) 566–2717; email address: 

Echols.Brandi@epa.gov. 

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: EPA 

published a notice of availability in the 

Federal Register at 89 FR 105041, 

December 26, 2024. This document 

corrects an error in Table 1, third 

column, second row, by correcting the 

PFOA Organism Only HHC value of 

0.00036 ng/L to 0.0036 ng/L. This notice 

for correction corrects that error. 

Correction 

In the Federal Register of December 

26, 2024, in FR Doc. 2024–30637, on 

page 105042, correct ‘‘Table 1’’ to read: 

TABLE 1—DRAFT HUMAN HEALTH CRITERIA (HHC) FOR PFOA, PFOS, AND PFBS 

PFAS Water + organism HHC 

(ng/L) 

Organism only HHC 

(ng/L) 

PFOA ................................................................................................................... 0.0009 0.0036 

PFOS ................................................................................................................... 0.06 0.07 

PFBS .................................................................................................................... 400 500

Tanya Hodge Mottley, 

Acting Director, Office of Science and 

Technology, Office of Water. 

[FR Doc. 2025–00710 Filed 1–14–25; 8:45 am] 

BILLING CODE 6560–50–P 

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION 

AGENCY 

[EPA–HQ–OPPT–2018–0436; FRL–8806–04– 

OCSPP] 

Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP); Risk 

Evaluation Under the Toxic 

Substances Control Act; Notice of 

Availability 

AGENCY: Environmental Protection 

Agency (EPA). 

ACTION: Notice. 

SUMMARY: The Environmental Protection 

Agency (EPA or Agency) is announcing 

the availability of the final risk 

evaluation under the Toxic Substances 

Control Act (TSCA) for diisononyl 

phthalate (DINP) (1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, 1,2- diisononyl ester) 

(CASRN 28553–12–0). The purpose of 

risk evaluations under TSCA is to 

determine whether a chemical 

substance presents an unreasonable risk 

of injury to health or the environment 

under the conditions of use, including 

unreasonable risk to potentially exposed 

or susceptible subpopulations identified 

as relevant to the risk evaluation by 

EPA, and without consideration of costs 

or non-risk factors. EPA used the best 

available science to prepare this final 

risk evaluation and determined, based 

on the weight of scientific evidence, that 

DINP poses unreasonable risk to human 

health. Under TSCA, EPA must initiate 

risk management actions to address the 

unreasonable risk. 

ADDRESSES: The docket for this action, 

identified by docket identification (ID) 

number EPA–HQ–OPPT–2018–0436, is 

available online at https://

www.regulations.gov. Additional 

information about dockets generally, 

along with instructions for visiting the 

docket in-person, is available at https:// 

www.epa.gov/dockets. 

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: 

For technical information: Todd 

Coleman, Existing Chemical Risk 

Management Division (7404M), Office of 

Pollution Prevention and Toxics, 

Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 

Pennsylvania Ave. NW, Washington, DC 

20460–0001; telephone number: (202) 

564–1208; email address: 

coleman.todd@epa.gov. 

For general information: The TSCAHotline, ABVI-Goodwill, 422 South 

Clinton Ave., Rochester, NY 14620; 

telephone number: (202) 554–1404; 

email address: TSCA-Hotline@epa.gov. 

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

I. Executive Summary 

A. Does this action apply to me? 

This action is directed to the public 

in general and may be of particular 

interest to those involved in the 

manufacture (defined under TSCA 

section 3(9) to include import), 

processing, distribution, use, and 

disposal of DINP, related industry trade 

organizations, non-governmental 

organizations with an interest in human 

and environmental health, State and 

local governments, Tribal Nations, and/ 

or those interested in the assessment of 

risks involving chemical substances and 

mixtures regulated under TSCA. As 

such, the Agency has not attempted to 

describe all the specific entities that this 

action might apply to. If you need help 

determining applicability, consult the 

technical contact listed under FOR

FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT. 

B. What is the Agency’s authority for 

taking this action? 

The Agency conducted this risk 

evaluation under TSCA section 6, 15 

U.S.C. 2605, which requires that EPA 

conduct risk evaluations on chemical 

substances and identifies the minimum 

components EPA must include in all 

chemical substance risk evaluations. 

Each risk evaluation must be conducted 

consistent with the best available 

science, be based on the weight of the 

scientific evidence, and consider 

reasonably available information. 15 

U.S.C. 2625(h), (i), and (k). See also the 

implementing procedural regulations at 

40 CFR part 702 and for more 

information about the TSCA risk 

evaluation process for existing 

chemicals, go to https://www.epa.gov/ 

assessing-and-managing-chemicalsunder-tsca. 

C. What action is the Agency taking? 

EPA is announcing the availability of 

the final risk evaluation under TSCA for 

DINP. The purpose of risk evaluations 

under TSCA is to determine whether a 

chemical substance presents an 

unreasonable risk of injury to health or 

the environment under the conditions of 

use, including unreasonable risk to 

potentially exposed or susceptible 

subpopulations identified as relevant to 

the risk evaluation by EPA, and without 

consideration of costs or non-risk 

factors. EPA has used the best available 

science to prepare this final risk 

evaluation and, based on the weight of 

scientific evidence, determined that 

DINP poses unreasonable risk to human 

health. Upon a determination of 

unreasonable risk, EPA must initiate 

risk management action as required 


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Federal Register / Vol. 90, No. 9 / Wednesday, January 15, 2025 / Notices 3829 

pursuant to TSCA section 6(a), 15 U.S.C 

2605(a), to address the unreasonable 

risk. 

II. Background 

A. What is DINP? 

DINP is a common chemical name for 

the category of chemical substances that 

includes the following substances: Diisononyl phthalate (DINP) (1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, 1,2- diisononyl ester) 

(CASRN 28553–12–0 and 68515–48–0). 

Both CASRNs contain mainly C9 dialkyl 

phthalate esters. DINP is manufactured 

(including imported), processed, 

distributed, and disposed as part of 

industrial, commercial, and consumer 

conditions of use. DINP is used 

primarily as a plasticizer to make 

flexible polyvinyl chloride (PVC). It is 

also used to make building and 

construction materials; automotive 

articles; and other commercial and 

consumer products including adhesives 

and sealants, paints and coatings, and 

electrical and electronic products. DINP 

production volumes are available 

through the TSCA Chemical Data 

Reporting (CDR) rule under two 

associated CAS Registry Numbers 

(CASRNs): 1) The production volume 

for CASRN 28553–12–0 in 2015 was 

between 100 to 250 million pounds (lb.) 

and decreased to 50 to 100 million lb. 

in 2019 based on the latest 2020 CDR 

data; and 2) The production volume for 

CASRN 68515–48–0 in 2015 ranged 

between 100 to 250 million lb. and 

changed to between 100 million and 1 

billion lb. in 2019 based on the latest 

2020 CDR data. 

B. Summary of Activities for the Risk 

Evaluation of DINP 

In May 2019, EPA received a request 

to conduct a risk evaluation for DINP 

from ExxonMobil Chemical Company, 

Evonik Corporation, and Teknor Apex, 

through the American Chemistry 

Council’s High Phthalates Panel (ACC 

HPP). In December 2019, EPA notified 

ACC HPP that the Agency had granted 

the manufacturer requested risk 

evaluation (Ref. 1). In November 2020, 

EPA released the draft scope of the 

DINP risk evaluation (Ref. 2), and, after 

receiving public comments, issued the 

problem formulation in August 2021 

(Ref. 3). In May 2024, the Environmental 

Hazard and Human Health Hazard 

technical support documents for DINP 

were released for public comment and 

peer review by the Science Advisory 

Committee on Chemicals (SACC) (Ref. 

4). In September 2024, EPA released a 

full draft risk evaluation for public 

comment (Ref. 5). The draft documents 

and public comments are in docket ID 

number EPA–HQ–OPPT–2024–0436. 

The docket also includes a response 

to comments document (Ref. 6), a nontechnical summary of the final risk 

evaluation (Ref. 7), and the final risk 

evaluation (Ref. 8). 

III. Unreasonable Risk Determination 

EPA has determined that DINP 

presents an unreasonable risk of injury 

to human health under the COUs. EPA 

did not identify risk of injury to the 

environment that would contribute to 

the unreasonable risk determination for 

DINP. EPA has determined that the 

unreasonable risk to human health 

presented by DINP is due to the 

following: (1) Non-cancer effects 

(developmental toxicity) in female 

workers of reproductive age from acute 

inhalation exposures; (2) Non-cancer 

effects (liver effects) in female workers 

of reproductive age from chronic 

aggregate exposures; and (3) Non-cancer 

effects (liver effects) in workers from 

chronic and aggregate exposures. This 

unreasonable risk determination is 

based on the information in the risk 

evaluation, the appendices, and 

technical support documents of the risk 

evaluation in accordance with TSCA 

section 6(b). It is also based on TSCA’s 

best available science (TSCA section 

26(h)), weight of scientific evidence 

standards (TSCA section 26(i)), and 

relevant implementing regulations in 40 

CFR part 702. 

The COUs that EPA identified as 

significantly contributing to the 

unreasonable risk from DINP include 

those that lead to exposures to average 

adult workers, including female workers 

of reproductive age, in scenarios in 

which unprotected workers used spray 

adhesives and sealants or paints and 

coatings that contain DINP, because 

doing so could create high 

concentrations of DINP in mist that an 

unprotected worker could inhale. 

Between release of the draft risk 

evaluation and finalization of the DINP 

risk evaluation, EPA updated the risk 

determination to find that four 

conditions of use (COUs) significantly 

contribute to the unreasonable risk of 

DINP. These updates were based on new 

information identified by EPA, 

information provided by public 

commenters, and recommendations of 

the Science Advisory Committee on 

Chemicals (SACC). These changes stem 

from consideration of (1) multiple 

factors impacting occupational exposure 

during spray application; and (2) 

determination that the liver effects 

associated with chronic exposure are 

relevant to adult works, adult 

consumers, and adult members of the 

general population, but not infants and 

children. 

IV. Next Step Is Risk Management 

Consistent with TSCA section 6(a), 

EPA will propose a risk management 

regulatory action to the extent necessary 

so that DINP no longer presents an 

unreasonable risk. EPA expects to focus 

its risk management action on the COUs 

that significantly contribute to the 

unreasonable risk. However, it should 

be noted that, under TSCA section 6(a), 

EPA is not limited to regulating the 

specific activities found to drive 

unreasonable risk and may select from 

among a suite of risk management 

requirements in TSCA section 6(a) 

related to manufacture (including 

import), processing, distribution in 

commerce, commercial use, and 

disposal as part of its regulatory options 

to address the unreasonable risk. As a 

general example, EPA may regulate 

upstream activities (e.g., processing, 

distribution in commerce) to address 

downstream activities (e.g., consumer 

uses) driving unreasonable risk, even if 

the upstream activities do not drive the 

unreasonable risk. Like the 

prioritization and risk evaluation 

processes, there is an opportunity for 

public comment on any proposed risk 

management actions. 

V. References 

The following is a listing of the 

documents that are specifically 

referenced in this document. The docket 

includes these documents and other 

information considered by EPA, 

including documents that are referenced 

within the documents that are included 

in the docket, even if the referenced 

document is not physically located in 

the docket. For assistance in locating 

these other documents, please consult 

the person listed under FOR FURTHER

INFORMATION CONTACT. 

1. EPA. Di-isononyl Phthalate (DINP); 

Manufacturer Request for Risk Evaluation 

Under the Toxic Substances Control Act 

(TSCA). Federal Register. 84 FR 42912, 

August 19, 2019 (FRL–9998–25–OCSPP). 

2. EPA. Di-isononyl Phthalate (DINP); Draft 

Scope of the Risk Evaluation To Be 

Conducted Under the Toxic Substances 

Control Act (TSCA); Notice of Availability 

and Request for Comments. Federal Register. 

85 FR 76072, November 27, 2020 (FRL– 

10017–15–OSCPP). 

3. EPA. Di-isononyl Phthalate (DINP); Final 

Scope of the Risk Evaluation To Be 

Conducted Under the Toxic Substances 

Control Act (TSCA); Notice of Availability. 

Federal Register. 86 FR 48693, August 31, 

2021 (FRL- 8806–01–OSCPP). 

4. EPA. Di-isodecyl Phthalate (DIDP) and 

Di-isononyl Phthalate (DINP); Science 

Advisory Committee on Chemicals (SACC) 

Peer Review of Draft Documents; Notice of 


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3830 Federal Register / Vol. 90, No. 9 / Wednesday, January 15, 2025 / Notices 

SACC Meeting; Availability; and Request for 

Comment. Federal Register. 89 FR 43847, 

May 20, 2024 (FRL–11760–02–OCSPP). 

5. EPA. Di-isononyl phthalate (DINP); Draft 

Risk Evaluation Under the Toxic Substances 

Control Act (TSCA); Notice of Availability, 

Webinar and Request for Comment. Federal 

Register. 89 FR 71270, September 3, 2024 

(FRL–8806–02–OCSPP). 

6. EPA. Comment Summary and Responses 

for Di-isodecyl Phthalate (DIDP) and 

Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP). December 2024. 

7. EPA. Nontechnical Summary of the 

TSCA Risk Evaluation for Di-isononyl 

Phthalate (DINP). December 2024. (EPA 

Publication ID No. EPA–740–S–25–001). 

8. EPA. TSCA Risk Evaluation for Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP). December 2024. 

(EPA Publication ID No. EPA–740–R–25– 

001). 

Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2601 et seq. 

Dated: January 7, 2025. 

Michal Freedhoff, 

Assistant Administrator, Office of Chemical 

Safety and Pollution Prevention. 

[FR Doc. 2025–00730 Filed 1–14–25; 8:45 am] 

BILLING CODE 6560–50–P 

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION 

AGENCY 

[EPA–HQ–OW–2024–0456; FRL–10774–01– 

OW] 

Announcement of Preliminary 

Regulatory Determinations for 

Contaminants on the Fifth Drinking 

Water Contaminant Candidate List 

AGENCY: Environmental Protection 

Agency (EPA). 

ACTION: Request for public comment. 

SUMMARY: The Safe Drinking Water Act 

(SDWA), as amended in 1996, requires 

that the U.S. Environmental Protection 

Agency (EPA) determine whether to 

regulate at least five unregulated 

contaminants every five years. The 

decision to regulate or not to regulate a 

contaminant is known as a regulatory 

determination. In most cases, the 

contaminants chosen for regulatory 

determination are selected from the 

most recent Contaminant Candidate List 

(CCL), which the SDWA requires the 

EPA to publish every five years. This 

document presents the preliminary 

regulatory determinations and 

supporting rationale for contaminants 

listed on the EPA’s fifth CCL (CCL 5). 

Since the fourth round of regulatory 

determinations was published in March 

2021, the EPA has made determinations 

to regulate per- and polyfluoroalkyl 

substances (PFAS), including individual 

determinations for three PFAS: 

perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), 

perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS), 

hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid 

and its ammonium salt (HFPO–DA, also 

known as GenX or GenX chemicals); 

and mixtures including two or more of 

these three PFAS and 

perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS). In 

April 2024, the agency issued a final 

National Primary Drinking Water 

Regulation that includes these four 

PFAS as well as perfluorooctanoic acid 

(PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic 

acid (PFOS). In this Federal Register 

Notice (FRN), the EPA is making 

preliminary determinations not to 

regulate nine additional contaminants 

from CCL 5: 2-aminotoluene, 

cylindrospermopsin, ethoprop, 

microcystins, molybdenum, permethrin, 

profenofos, tebuconazole and tribufos. 

The EPA requests public comment on 

these preliminary determinations and 

other aspects of this FRN. The EPA also 

presents updates on additional 

contaminants from CCL 5, as well as on 

some of those that have been considered 

in previous rounds of regulatory 

determinations and for which the EPA 

has not yet made a regulatory 

determination. The agency is also 

presenting and requesting comment on 

the process and analyses used for this 

round of regulatory determinations (i.e., 

RD 5), the supporting information, and 

the rationale used to make these 

preliminary decisions. 

DATES: Comments must be received on 

or before March 17, 2025. 

ADDRESSES: You may send comments, 

identified by Docket ID No. EPA–HQ– 

OW–2024–0456, by any of the following 

methods: 

• Federal eRulemaking Portal: 

https://www.regulations.gov/ (our 

preferred method). Follow the online 

instructions for submitting comments. 

• Mail: Water Docket, Environmental 

Protection Agency, Mail Code: [28221T], 

1200 Pennsylvania Ave. NW, 

Washington, DC 20460. 

• Hand Delivery: EPA Docket Center, 

[EPA/DC] EPA West, Room 3334, 1301 

Constitution Ave. NW, Washington DC. 

Such deliveries are only accepted 

during the Docket’s normal hours of 

operation and special arrangements 

should be made for deliveries of boxed 

information. 

Instructions: All submissions received 

must include the Docket ID No. for this 

rulemaking. Comments received may be 

posted without change to https://

www.regulations.gov/, including any 

personal information provided. For 

detailed instructions on sending 

comments and additional information 

on the rulemaking process, see the 

‘‘Written Comments’’ heading of the 

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION section of 

this document. 

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: 

George Gardenier, Standards and Risk 

Management Division, Office of Ground 

Water and Drinking Water, MC: 4607M, 

Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 

Pennsylvania Ave. NW, Washington, DC 

20460; telephone number: (202) 564– 

3333; email address: gardenier.george@

epa.gov. 

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

I. General Information 

A. Written Comments 

Submit your comments, identified by 

Docket ID No. EPA–HQ–OW–2024– 

0456, at https://www.regulations.gov 

(our preferred method), or the other 

methods identified in the ADDRESSES

section. Once submitted, comments 

cannot be edited or removed from the 

docket. The EPA may publish any 

comment received to its public docket. 

Do not submit electronically any 

information you consider to be 

Confidential Business Information (CBI) 

or other information whose disclosure is 

restricted by statute. Multimedia 

submissions (audio, video, etc.) must be 

accompanied by a written comment. 

The written comment is considered the 

official comment and should include 

discussion of all points you wish to 

make. The EPA will generally not 

consider comments or comment 

contents located outside of the primary 

submission (i.e., on the web, cloud or 

other file sharing system). For 

additional submission methods, the full 

EPA public comment policy, 

information about CBI or multimedia 

submissions, and general guidance on 

making effective comments, please visit 

https://www.epa.gov/dockets/ 

commenting-epa-dockets. 

When submitting comments, 

remember to: 

• Identify the rulemaking by docket 

number and other identifying 

information (subject heading, Federal 

Register date and page number). 

• Explain why you agree or disagree 

and suggest alternatives. 

• Describe any assumptions and 

provide any technical information and 

data that you used. 

• Provide specific examples to 

illustrate your concerns and suggest 

alternatives. 

• Explain your views as clearly as 

possible. 


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