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[Federal Register Volume 90, Number 7 (Monday, January 13, 2025)]
[Notices]
[Pages 2767-2770]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2025-00513]

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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

[Release Nos. 33-11350; 34-102134; IA-6808; IC-35442]

Adjustments to Civil Monetary Penalty Amounts

AGENCY: Securities and Exchange Commission.

ACTION: Notice of annual inflation adjustment of civil monetary 
penalties.

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SUMMARY: The Securities and Exchange Commission (``Commission'') is 
publishing this notice (``Notice'') pursuant to the Federal Civil 
Penalties Inflation Adjustment Act Improvements Act of 2015 (``2015 
Act''). This Act requires all agencies to annually adjust for inflation 
the civil monetary penalties that can be imposed under the statutes 
administered by the agency and publish the adjusted amounts in the 
Federal Register. This Notice sets forth the

[[Page 2768]]

annual inflation adjustment of the maximum amount of civil monetary 
penalties (``CMPs'') administered by the Commission under the 
Securities Act of 1933 (``Securities Act''), the Securities Exchange 
Act of 1934 (``Exchange Act''), the Investment Company Act of 1940, and 
certain penalties under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. These amounts 
are effective beginning on January 15, 2025, and will apply to all 
penalties imposed after that date for violations of the aforementioned 
statutes that occurred after November 2, 2015.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Stephen M. Ng, Senior Special Counsel, 
Office of the General Counsel, at (202) 551-7957, or Hannah W. Riedel, 
Senior Counsel, Office of the General Counsel, at (202) 551-7918.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

I. Background

    This Notice is being published pursuant to the 2015 Act,\1\ which 
amended the Federal Civil Penalties Inflation Adjustment Act of 1990 
(``Inflation Adjustment Act'').\2\ The Inflation Adjustment Act 
previously had been amended by the Debt Collection Improvement Act of 
1996 (``DCIA'') \3\ to require that each federal agency adopt 
regulations at least once every four years that adjust for inflation 
the CMPs that can be imposed under the statutes administered by the 
agency. Pursuant to this requirement, the Commission previously adopted 
regulations in 1996, 2001, 2005, 2009, and 2013 to adjust the maximum 
amount of the CMPs that could be imposed under the statutes the 
Commission administers.\4\
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    \1\ Public Law 114-74 Sec. 701, 129 Stat. 599-601 (Nov. 2, 
2015), codified at 28 U.S.C. 2461 note.
    \2\ Public Law 101-410, 104 Stat. 890-892 (1990), codified at 28 
U.S.C. 2461 note.
    \3\ Public Law 104-134, Title III, Sec.  31001(s)(1), 110 Stat. 
1321-373 (1996), codified at 28 U.S.C. 2461 note.
    \4\ See Release Nos. 33-7361, 34-37912, IA-1596, IC-22310, dated 
Nov. 1, 1996 (effective Dec. 9, 1996), previously found at 17 CFR 
201.1001 and Table I to Subpart E of Part 201; Release Nos. 33-7946, 
34-43897, IA-1921, IC-24846, dated Jan. 31, 2001 (effective Feb. 2, 
2001), previously found at 17 CFR 201.1002 and Table II to Subpart E 
of Part 201; Release Nos. 33-8530, 34-51136, IA-2348, IC-26748, 
dated Feb. 9, 2005 (effective Feb. 14, 2005), previously found at 17 
CFR 201.1003 and Table III to Subpart E of Part 201; Release Nos. 
33-9009, 34-59449, IA-2845, IC-28635, dated Feb. 25, 2009 (effective 
Mar. 3, 2009), previously found at 17 CFR 201.1004 and Table IV to 
Subpart E of Part 201; and Release Nos. 33-9387, 34-68994, IA-3557, 
IC-30408, dated Feb. 27, 2013 (effective Mar. 5, 2013), previously 
found at 17 CFR 201.1005 and Table V to Subpart E of Part 201. The 
penalty amounts contained in these releases have now been 
consolidated into Table I to 17 CFR 201.1001.
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    The 2015 Act replaces the inflation adjustment formula prescribed 
in the DCIA with a new formula for calculating the inflation-adjusted 
amount of CMPs. The 2015 Act requires that agencies use this new 
formula to re-calculate the inflation-adjusted amounts of the penalties 
they administer on an annual basis and publish these new amounts in the 
Federal Register by January 15 of each year.\5\ The Commission 
previously published the first annual adjustment required by the 2015 
Act on January 6, 2017 (``2017 Adjustment'').\6\ As part of the 2017 
Adjustment, the Commission promulgated 17 CFR 201.1001(a) and Table I 
to Subsection 1001, which lists the penalty amounts for all violations 
that occurred on or before November 2, 2015. For violations occurring 
after November 2, 2015, Subsection 1001(b) provides that the applicable 
penalty amounts will be adjusted annually based on the formula set 
forth in the 2015 Act. Subsection 1001(b) further provides that these 
adjusted amounts will be published in the Federal Register and on the 
Commission's website. The Commission published the most recent annual 
adjustment on January 5, 2024 (``2024 Adjustment'').\7\
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    \5\ 28 U.S.C. 2461 note Sec. 4.
    \6\ Release Nos. 33-10276; 34-79749; IA-4599; IC-32414 
(effective Jan. 18, 2017).
    \7\ Release Nos. 33-11263; 34-99276; IA-6521; IC-35085) 
(effective Jan. 15, 2024).
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    A CMP is defined in relevant part as any penalty, fine, or other 
sanction that: (1) is for a specific amount, or has a maximum amount, 
as provided by federal law; and (2) is assessed or enforced by an 
agency in an administrative proceeding or by a federal court pursuant 
to federal law.\8\ This definition applies to the monetary penalty 
provisions contained in four statutes administered by the Commission: 
the Securities Act, the Exchange Act, the Investment Company Act, and 
the Investment Advisers Act. In addition, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act 
provides the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (``PCAOB'') 
authority to levy civil monetary penalties in its disciplinary 
proceedings pursuant to 15 U.S.C. 7215(c)(4)(D).\9\ The definition of a 
CMP in the Inflation Adjustment Act encompasses such civil monetary 
penalties.\10\
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    \8\ 28 U.S.C. 2461 note Sec. 3(2).
    \9\ 15 U.S.C. 7215(c)(4)(D).
    \10\ The Commission may by order affirm, modify, remand, or set 
aside sanctions, including civil monetary penalties, imposed by the 
PCAOB. See Section 107(c) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 15 
U.S.C. 7217. The Commission may enforce such orders in federal 
district court pursuant to Section 21(e) of the Exchange Act. As a 
result, penalties assessed by the PCAOB in its disciplinary 
proceedings are penalties ``enforced'' by the Commission for 
purposes of the Inflation Adjustment Act. See Adjustments to Civil 
Monetary Penalty Amounts, Release No. 33-8530 (Feb. 4, 2005) [70 FR 
7606 (Feb. 14, 2005)].
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II. Adjusting the Commission's Penalty Amounts for Inflation

    This Notice sets forth the annual inflation adjustment required by 
the 2015 Act for all CMPs under the Securities Act, the Exchange Act, 
the Investment Company Act, and the Investment Advisers Act, and 
certain civil monetary penalties under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
    Pursuant to the 2015 Act, the penalty amounts in the 2025 
Adjustment are adjusted for inflation by increasing them by a 
multiplier (``CPI-U Multiplier'') that represents the percentage change 
between the Consumer Price Index for all Urban Consumers (``CPI-U'') 
for October 2023 and the October 2024 CPI-U.\11\ The CPI-U Multiplier 
for the 2025 Adjustment is 1.02598.\12\ The new penalty amounts are 
determined by multiplying the amounts in the 2024 Adjustment by the 
CPI-U Multiplier and then rounding to the nearest dollar.
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    \11\ 28 U.S.C. 2461 note Sec. 5.
    \12\ This figure is based on the percentage change between 
published CPI-U figures for Oct. 2024 (315.664) and Oct. 2023 
(307.671), dividing the former by the latter (1.02597905). OMB 
rounds the multiplier to the nearest hundredth thousandth (1.02598). 
See Office of Management and Budget, Implementation of Penalty 
Inflation Adjustments for 2025, Pursuant to the Federal Civil 
Penalties Inflation Adjustment Act Improvements Act of 2015 (Dec. 
17, 2024), available at available at https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/M-25-02.pdf.
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    For example, the CMP for certain insider trading violations by 
controlling persons under Exchange Act Section 21A(a)(3) \13\ was 
readjusted for inflation as part of the 2024 Adjustment to $2,559,636. 
To determine the new CMP under this provision, the Commission 
multiplies this amount by the CPI-U Multiplier of 1.02598, and rounds 
to the nearest dollar. Thus, the new CMP for Exchange Act Section 
21A(a)(3) is $2,636,135.
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    \13\ 15 U.S.C. 78u-1(a)(3).
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    Below is the Commission's calculation of the new penalty amounts 
for the penalties it administers:

[[Page 2769]]

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                                                                               2024                      2025
                                                Civil monetary penalty      Adjustment     CPI-U       Adjusted
            U.S. code citation                       description             penalty     multiplier    penalty
                                                                             amounts                   amounts
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15 U.S.C. 77h-1(g) (Securities Act Sec.     For natural person...........      $10,550      1.02598      $10,824
 8A(g)).                                    For any other person.........      105,505      1.02598      108,246
                                            For natural person/fraud.....      105,505      1.02598      108,246
                                            For any other person/fraud...      527,522      1.02598      541,227
                                            For natural person/fraud/          211,009      1.02598      216.491
                                             substantial losses or risk
                                             of losses to others or gains
                                             to self.
                                            For any other person/fraud/      1,019,877      1.02598    1,046,373
                                             substantial losses or risk
                                             of losses to others or gain
                                             to self.
15 U.S.C. 77t(d) (Securities Act Sec.       For natural person...........       11,524      1.02598       11,823
 20(d)).
                                            For any other person.........      115,231      1.02598      118,225
                                            For natural person/fraud.....      115,231      1.02598      118,225
                                            For any other person/fraud...      576,158      1.02598      591,127
                                            For natural person/fraud/          230,464      1.02598      236,451
                                             substantial losses or risk
                                             of losses to others.
                                            For any other person/fraud/      1,152,314      1.02598    1,182,251
                                             substantial losses or risk
                                             of losses to others.
15 U.S.C. 78u(d)(3) (Exchange Act Sec.      For natural person...........       11,524      1.02598       11,823
 21(d)(3)).                                 For any other person.........      115,231      1.02598      118,225
                                            For natural person/fraud.....      115,231      1.02598      118,225
                                            For any other person/fraud...      576,158      1.02598      591,127
                                            For natural person/fraud/          230,464      1.02598      236,451
                                             substantial losses or risk
                                             of losses to others or gains
                                             to self.
                                            For any other person/fraud/      1,152,314      1.02598    1,182,251
                                             substantial losses or risk
                                             of losses to others or gain
                                             to self.
15 U.S.C. 78u-1(a)(3) (Exchange Act Sec.    Insider Trading--controlling     2,559,636      1.02598    2,626,135
 21A(a)(3)).                                 person.
15 U.S.C. 78u-2 (Exchange Act Sec. 21B)...  For natural person...........       11,524      1.02598       11,823
                                            For any other person.........      115,231      1.02598      118,225
                                            For natural person/fraud.....      115,231      1.02598      118,225
                                            For any other person/fraud...      576,158      1.02598      591,127
                                            For natural person/fraud/          230,464      1.02598      236,451
                                             substantial losses or risk
                                             of losses to others.
                                            For any other person/fraud/      1,152,314      1.02598    1,182,251
                                             substantial losses or risk
                                             of losses to others.
15 U.S.C. 78ff(b) (Exchange Act Sec.        Exchange Act/failure to file           680      1.02598          698
 32(b)).                                     information documents,
                                             reports.
15 U.S.C. 78ff(c)(1)(B) (Exchange Act Sec.  Foreign Corrupt Practices--         25,597      1.02598       26,262
 32(c)(1)(B)).                               any issuer.
15 U.S.C. 78ff(c)(2)(B) (Exchange Act Sec.  Foreign Corrupt Practices--         25,597      1.02598       26,262
 32(c)(2)(B)).                               any agent or stockholder
                                             acting on behalf of issuer.
15 U.S.C. 80a-9(d) (Investment Company Act  For natural person...........       11,524      1.02598       11,823
 Sec. 9(d)).                                For any other person.........      115,231      1.02598      118,225
                                            For natural person/fraud.....      115,231      1.02598      118,225
                                            For any other person/fraud...      576,158      1.02598      591,127
                                            For natural person/fraud/          230,464      1.02598      236,451
                                             substantial losses or risk
                                             of losses to others or gains
                                             to self.
                                            For any other person/fraud/      1,152,314      1.02598    1,182,251
                                             substantial losses or risk
                                             of losses to others or gain
                                             to self.
15 U.S.C. 80a-41(e) (Investment Company     For natural person...........       11,524      1.02598       11,823
 Act Sec. 42(e)).                           For any other person.........      115,231      1.02598      118,225
                                            For natural person/fraud.....      115,231      1.02598      118,225
                                            For any other person/fraud...      576,158      1.02598      591,127
                                            For natural person/fraud/          230,464      1.02598      236,451
                                             substantial losses or risk
                                             of losses to others.
                                            For any other person/fraud/      1,152,314      1.02598    1,182,251
                                             substantial losses or risk
                                             of losses to others.
15 U.S.C. 80b-3(i) (Investment Advisers     For natural person...........       11,524      1.02598       11,823
 Act Sec. 203(i)).                          For any other person.........      115,231      1.02598      118,225
                                            For natural person/fraud.....      115,231      1.02598      118,225
                                            For any other person/fraud...      576,158      1.02598      591,127
                                            For natural person/fraud/          230,464      1.02598      236,451
                                             substantial losses or risk
                                             of losses to others or gains
                                             to self.
                                            For any other person/fraud/      1,152,314      1.02598    1,182,251
                                             substantial losses or risk
                                             of losses to others or gain
                                             to self.
15 U.S.C. 80b-9(e) (Investment Advisers     For natural person...........       11,524      1.02598       11,823
 Act Sec. 209(e)).                          For any other person.........      115,231      1.02598      118,225
                                            For natural person/fraud.....      115,231      1.02598      118,225
                                            For any other person/fraud...      576,158      1.02598      591,127
                                            For natural person/fraud/          230,464      1.02598      236,451
                                             substantial losses or risk
                                             of losses to others.
                                            For any other person/fraud/      1,152,314      1.02598    1,182,251
                                             substantial losses or risk
                                             of losses to others.
15 U.S.C. 7215(c)(4)(D)(i) (Sarbanes-Oxley  For natural person...........      169,700      1.02598      174,109
 Act Sec. 105(c)(4)(D)(i)).                 For any other person.........    3,394,024      1.02598    3,482,201
15 U.S.C. 7215(c)(4)(D)(ii) (Sarbanes-      For natural person...........    1,272,758      1.02598    1,305,824
 Oxley Act Sec. 105(c)(4)(D)(ii)).          For any other person.........   25,455,170      1.02598   26,116,495
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    Pursuant to the 2015 Act and 17 CFR 201.1001, the adjusted penalty 
amounts in this Notice (and all penalty adjustments performed pursuant 
to the 2015 Act) apply to penalties imposed after the date the 
adjustment is effective for violations that occurred after November 2, 
2015, the 2015 Act's enactment date. These penalty amounts

[[Page 2770]]

supersede the amounts in the 2024 Adjustment.\14\ For violations that 
occurred on or before November 2, 2015, the penalty amounts in Table I 
to 17 CFR 201.1001 continue to apply.\15\
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    \14\ The penalty amounts in this Notice are being published in 
the Federal Register and will not be added to the Code of Federal 
Regulations in accordance with the 2015 Act and 17 CFR 201.1001(b). 
See 28 U.S.C. 2461 note Sec. 4(a)(2); 17 CFR 201.1001(b). In 
addition to being published in the Federal Register, the penalty 
amounts in this Notice will be made available on the Commission's 
website at https://www.sec.gov/enforce/civil-penalties-inflation-adjustments.htm, as detailed in 17 CFR 201.1001(b). This website 
also lists the penalty amounts for violations that occurred on or 
before Nov. 2, 2015.
    \15\ 17 CFR 201.1001(a).
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III. Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act Status

    The Office of Management and Budget (``OMB'') has concurred in our 
recommendation that this Notice is not a ``major rule'' as defined by 
section 251 of the Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act 
(``SBREFA''), 5 U.S.C. 804(2), because (1) it will not have an annual 
effect of $100 million dollars or more on the economy, (2) it does not 
present a major increase in prices for consumers or individual 
industries, and (3) it does not have significant adverse effects on 
competition, investment, or innovation.\16\
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    \16\ See generally SBREFA, Public Law 104-121 (1996).

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    By the Commission.

    Dated: January 7, 2025.
Vanessa A. Countryman,
Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2025-00513 Filed 1-10-25; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011-01-P
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