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[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 257 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

<DOC>

119th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                 S. 257

  To improve the resilience of critical supply chains, and for other 
                               purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                            January 27, 2025

  Ms. Cantwell (for herself, Mrs. Blackburn, and Ms. Blunt Rochester) 
introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the 
           Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL

 
  To improve the resilience of critical supply chains, and for other 
                               purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Promoting 
Resilient Supply Chains Act of 2025''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Additional responsibilities of Assistant Secretary of Commerce 
                            for Industry and Analysis.
Sec. 3. Critical supply chain resilience and crisis response working 
                            group.
Sec. 4. Department of Commerce capability assessment.
Sec. 5. No additional funds.
Sec. 6. Sunset.
Sec. 7. Definitions.

SEC. 2. ADDITIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES OF ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF COMMERCE 
              FOR INDUSTRY AND ANALYSIS.

    In addition to the responsibilities of the Assistant Secretary on 
the day before the date of the enactment of this Act, the Assistant 
Secretary shall have the following responsibilities:
            (1) Promote the stability and resilience of critical supply 
        chains and critical and emerging technologies that strengthen 
        the national security of the United States.
            (2) Lead the Working Group established pursuant to section 
        3 and consult covered nongovernmental representatives, 
        industry, institutions of higher education, and State and local 
        governments in order to--
                    (A) promote resilient critical supply chains; and
                    (B) identify, prepare for, and respond to supply 
                chain shocks to--
                            (i) critical industries;
                            (ii) critical supply chains; and
                            (iii) critical and emerging technologies.
            (3) Encourage the growth and competitiveness of United 
        States production and manufacturing in the United States of 
        emerging technologies.
            (4) Assess the resilience, diversity, and strength of 
        critical supply chains and critical and emerging technologies.
            (5) In consultation with the Secretary of State and the 
        United States Trade Representative, support the availability of 
        critical goods from domestic manufacturers, domestic 
        enterprises, and manufacturing operations in countries that are 
        allies or key international partner nations.
            (6) Assist the Federal Government in preparing for and 
        responding to supply chain shocks to critical supply chains, 
        including by improving flexible manufacturing capacities and 
        capabilities in the United States.
            (7) Consistent with United States obligations under 
        international agreements, encourage and incentivize the reduced 
        reliance of domestic enterprises and domestic manufacturers on 
        critical goods from countries that are described in section 
        7(2)(B).
            (8) Encourage the relocation of manufacturing facilities 
        that manufacture critical goods from countries that are 
        described in section 7(2)(B) to the United States and countries 
        that are allies or key international partner nations to 
        strengthen the resilience, diversity, and strength of critical 
        supply chains.

SEC. 3. CRITICAL SUPPLY CHAIN RESILIENCE AND CRISIS RESPONSE WORKING 
              GROUP.

    (a) Establishment.--Not later than 120 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Assistant Secretary shall establish a 
working group to be known as the ``Supply Chain Resilience Working 
Group'' (in this Act referred to as the ``Working Group'') composed of 
the Federal agencies that rely upon the Industry and Analysis Business 
unit analysis, including agencies enumerated in subsection (c).
    (b) Activities.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Assistant Secretary shall carry out the 
following activities--
            (1) in consultation with the Working Group--
                    (A) assessing, mapping, and modeling critical 
                supply chains, including for critical and emerging 
                technologies, which may include--
                            (i) modeling the impact of supply chain 
                        shocks on critical industries (including for 
                        critical and emerging technologies), and 
                        critical supply chains;
                            (ii) assessing the demand for and supply of 
                        critical goods, production equipment, and 
                        manufacturing technology needed for critical 
                        supply chains, including critical goods, 
                        production equipment, and manufacturing 
                        technology obtained by or purchased from a 
                        person outside of the United States or imported 
                        into the United States; and
                            (iii) assessing manufacturing, warehousing, 
                        transportation, and distribution related to 
                        critical supply chains;
                    (B) identifying high priority gaps and 
                vulnerabilities in critical supply chains and critical 
                industries (including critical industries for critical 
                and emerging technologies) that--
                            (i) exist as of the date of the enactment 
                        of this Act; or
                            (ii) are anticipated to occur after the 
                        date of the enactment of this Act;
                    (C) identifying potential supply chain shocks to a 
                critical supply chain that may disrupt, strain, or 
                eliminate the critical supply chain;
                    (D) evaluating the capability and capacity of 
                domestic manufacturers or manufacturers located in 
                countries that are allies or key international partner 
                nations to serve as sources for critical goods, 
                production equipment, or manufacturing technology 
                needed in critical supply chains;
                    (E) evaluating the effect on market stability that 
                may result from the disruption, strain, or elimination 
                of a critical supply chain;
                    (F) evaluating the state of the manufacturing 
                workforce, including by--
                            (i) identifying the needs of domestic 
                        manufacturers; and
                            (ii) identifying opportunities to create 
                        high-quality manufacturing jobs; and
                    (G) identifying and describing necessary tools, 
                including commercially available risk assessment tools, 
                that leverage data and industry expertise to provide 
                insights into critical supply chain vulnerabilities, 
                including how such tools fulfill the requirements 
                described in subparagraphs (A) through (E); and
            (2) in consultation with State and local governments, the 
        Working Group, and (as appropriate) countries that are allies 
        or key international partner nations--
                    (A) identifying opportunities to reduce gaps and 
                vulnerabilities in critical supply chains and critical 
                industries;
                    (B) encouraging consultation between the Federal 
                Government, industry, covered nongovernmental 
                representatives, institutions of higher education, and 
                State and local governments to--
                            (i) better respond to supply chain shocks 
                        to critical supply chains and critical 
                        industries (including critical industries for 
                        emerging technologies); and
                            (ii) coordinate response efforts to supply 
                        chain shocks;
                    (C) encouraging consultation between the Federal 
                Government and the governments of countries that are 
                allies or key international partner nations;
                    (D) identifying opportunities to build the capacity 
                of the United States in critical supply chains, 
                critical industries, and emerging technologies;
                    (E) identifying opportunities to build the capacity 
                of countries that are allies or key international 
                partner nations in critical industries (including 
                critical industries for emerging technologies) and 
                critical supply chains; and
                    (F) developing and assessing contingency plans and 
                coordination mechanisms to improve the response of 
                critical supply chains and critical industries to 
                supply chain shocks.
    (c) Working Group Membership.--The Working Group shall include a 
representative from each Federal agency that relies on the analysis of 
the Industry and Analysis business unit, including--
            (1) the Department of State;
            (2) the Department of Defense;
            (3) the Department of Homeland Security;
            (4) the Department of Transportation;
            (5) the Department of Energy;
            (6) the Department of Agriculture;
            (7) the Department of the Interior;
            (8) the Department of Health and Human Services;
            (9) the Office of the Director of National Intelligence; 
        and
            (10) the Small Business Administration.
    (d) Designations.--The Assistant Secretary shall--
            (1) not later than 120 days after the date of the enactment 
        of this Act, designate--
                    (A) critical industries;
                    (B) critical supply chains; and
                    (C) critical goods;
            (2) provide for a period of public comment and review in 
        carrying out paragraph (1); and
            (3) update the designations made pursuant to paragraph (1) 
        not less frequently than once every 4 years, including 
        designations for technologies that are not described in section 
        7(12)(B) that the Assistant Secretary considers necessary.
    (e) Implementation Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Assistant Secretary shall submit to the 
appropriate committees of Congress a report that--
            (1) details supply chain activities, including applicable 
        activities described in subsection (b) and responsibilities 
        described in section 2, that the Assistant Secretary has 
        conducted over the past year;
            (2) describes supply chain data collected, retained, and 
        analyzed by the Assistant Secretary over the past year;
            (3) identifies and describes necessary tools, including 
        commercially available risk assessment tools, that leverage 
        data and industry expertise to provide insights into critical 
        supply chain vulnerabilities, including how such tools fulfill 
        each responsibility described in subsection (b);
            (4) identifies and describes all Federal agencies with 
        authorities or responsibilities described in subsection (b); 
        and
            (5) identifies Federal agencies, programs, and bureaus with 
        duplicative purposes to fulfill any of the authorities or 
        responsibilities described in subsection (b).
    (f) National Strategy and Review on Critical Supply Chain 
Resiliency and Manufacturing in the United States.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 18 months after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the 
        Assistant Secretary, in consultation with the Working Group, 
        covered nongovernmental representatives, industries, 
        institutions of higher education, and State and local 
        governments, shall submit to the relevant committees of 
        Congress a report that--
                    (A) identifies--
                            (i) critical infrastructure that may assist 
                        in fulfilling the responsibilities described in 
                        section 2;
                            (ii) critical and emerging technologies 
                        that may assist in fulfilling the 
                        responsibilities described in section 2, 
                        including such technologies that may be 
                        critical to addressing preparedness, 
                        weaknesses, and vulnerabilities relating to 
                        critical supply chains;
                            (iii) critical industries, critical supply 
                        chains, and critical goods designated pursuant 
                        to subsection (d);
                            (iv) other supplies and services that are 
                        critical to the crisis preparedness of the 
                        United States;
                            (v) substitutes for critical goods, 
                        production equipment, and manufacturing 
                        technology;
                            (vi) methods and technologies, including 
                        blockchain technology, distributed ledger 
                        technology, and other critical and emerging 
                        technologies, as appropriate, for the 
                        authentication and traceability of critical 
                        goods; and
                            (vii) countries that are allies or key 
                        international partner nations;
                    (B) describes the matters identified and evaluated 
                under subsection (b)(1), including--
                            (i) the manufacturing base, critical supply 
                        chains, and emerging technologies in the United 
                        States, including the manufacturing base and 
                        critical supply chains for--
                                    (I) critical goods;
                                    (II) production equipment; and
                                    (III) manufacturing technology; and
                            (ii) the ability of the United States to--
                                    (I) maintain readiness with respect 
                                to preparing for and responding to 
                                supply chain shocks; and
                                    (II) in response to a supply chain 
                                shock--
                                            (aa) surge production in 
                                        critical industries;
                                            (bb) surge production of 
                                        critical goods and production 
                                        equipment; and
                                            (cc) maintain access to 
                                        critical goods, production 
                                        equipment, and manufacturing 
                                        technology;
                    (C) assesses and describes--
                            (i) the demand and supply of critical 
                        goods, production equipment, and manufacturing 
                        technology;
                            (ii) the production of critical goods, 
                        production equipment, and manufacturing 
                        technology by domestic manufacturers;
                            (iii) the capability and capacity of 
                        domestic manufacturers and manufacturers in 
                        countries that are allies or key international 
                        partner nations to manufacture critical goods, 
                        production equipment, and manufacturing 
                        technology; and
                            (iv) how supply chain shocks could affect 
                        rural, Tribal, and underserved communities;
                    (D) identifies threats and supply chain shocks that 
                may disrupt, strain, or eliminate critical supply 
                chains, critical goods, and critical industries 
                (including critical industries for emerging 
                technologies);
                    (E) with regard to any threat identified under 
                subparagraph (D), lists any threat or supply chain 
                shock that may originate from a country, or a company 
                or individual from a country, that is described in 
                section 7(2)(B);
                    (F) assesses--
                            (i) the resilience and capacity of the 
                        manufacturing base, critical supply chains, and 
                        workforce of the United States and countries 
                        that are allies or key international partner 
                        nations that can sustain critical industries 
                        (including critical industries for emerging 
                        technologies) through a supply chain shock; and
                            (ii) the effect innovation has on domestic 
                        manufacturers;
                    (G) assesses the flexible manufacturing capacity 
                and capability available in the United States in the 
                case of a supply chain shock; and
                    (H) develops a strategy for the Department of 
                Commerce to support the resilience, diversity, and 
                strength of critical supply chains and critical and 
                emerging technologies to--
                            (i) support sufficient access to critical 
                        goods by mitigating vulnerabilities in critical 
                        supply chains, including critical supply chains 
                        concentrated in countries that are described in 
                        section 7(2)(B);
                            (ii) consult with other relevant agencies 
                        to assist countries that are allies or key 
                        international partner nations in building 
                        capacity for manufacturing critical goods;
                            (iii) recover from supply chain shocks;
                            (iv) identify, in consultation with the 
                        Working Group and other relevant agencies, 
                        actions relating to critical supply chains or 
                        emerging technologies that the United States 
                        may take to improve responses to supply chain 
                        shocks;
                            (v) protect against supply chain shocks 
                        relating to critical supply chains from 
                        countries that are described in section 
                        7(2)(B); and
                            (vi) make specific recommendations to 
                        implement the strategy under this section and 
                        improve the security and resiliency of 
                        manufacturing capacity and supply chains for 
                        critical industries (including critical 
                        industries for emerging technologies) by--
                                    (I) developing long-term 
                                strategies;
                                    (II) increasing visibility into the 
                                networks and capabilities of domestic 
                                manufacturers and suppliers of domestic 
                                manufacturers;
                                    (III) identifying and mitigating 
                                risks, including--
                                            (aa) significant 
                                        vulnerabilities to supply chain 
                                        shocks; and
                                            (bb) exposure to gaps and 
                                        vulnerabilities in domestic 
                                        capacity or capabilities and 
                                        sources of imports needed to 
                                        sustain critical industries 
                                        (including critical industries 
                                        for emerging technologies) or 
                                        critical supply chains;
                                    (IV) identifying opportunities to 
                                reuse and recycle critical goods, 
                                including raw materials, to increase 
                                resilient critical supply chains;
                                    (V) consulting with countries that 
                                are allies or key international partner 
                                nations on--
                                            (aa) sourcing critical 
                                        goods, production equipment, 
                                        and manufacturing technology; 
                                        and
                                            (bb) developing, 
                                        sustaining, and expanding 
                                        production and availability of 
                                        critical goods, production 
                                        equipment, and manufacturing 
                                        technology during a supply 
                                        chain shock; and
                                    (VI) providing guidance to other 
                                relevant agencies with respect to 
                                critical goods, supply chains, and 
                                critical industries (including critical 
                                industries for emerging technologies) 
                                that should be prioritized to support 
                                United States leadership in the 
                                deployment of such technologies.
            (2) Prohibition.--The report submitted pursuant to 
        paragraph (1) may not include--
                    (A) critical supply chain information that is not 
                aggregated;
                    (B) confidential business information of a private 
                sector entity; or
                    (C) classified information.
            (3) Form.--The report submitted pursuant to paragraph (1), 
        and any update submitted thereafter, shall be submitted to the 
        relevant committees of Congress in unclassified form and may 
        include a classified annex.
            (4) Public comment.--The Assistant Secretary shall provide 
        for a period of public comment and review in developing the 
        report submitted pursuant to paragraph (1).
    (g) Consultation.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Assistant Secretary shall enter into an 
agreement with the head of any relevant agency to obtain any 
information, data, or assistance that the Assistant Secretary 
determines necessary to conduct the activities described in subsection 
(b).
    (h) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section may be construed 
to require any private entity--
            (1) to share information with the Secretary or Assistant 
        Secretary;
            (2) to request assistance from the Secretary or Assistant 
        Secretary; or
            (3) to implement any measure or recommendation suggested by 
        the Secretary or Assistant Secretary in response to a request 
        by the private entity.
    (i) Protection of Voluntarily Shared Critical Supply Chain 
Information.--
            (1) Protection.--
                    (A) In general.--Notwithstanding any other 
                provision of law, critical supply chain information 
                (including the identity of the submitting person or 
                entity) that is voluntarily submitted under this 
                section to the Department of Commerce for use by the 
                Department for purposes of this section, when 
                accompanied by an express statement described in 
                subparagraph (B)--
                            (i) shall be exempt from disclosure under 
                        section 552(b)(3) of title 5, United States 
                        Code (commonly referred to as the ``Freedom of 
                        Information Act'');
                            (ii) is not subject to any agency rules or 
                        judicial doctrine regarding ex parte 
                        communications with a decision-making official;
                            (iii) may not, without the written consent 
                        of the person or entity submitting such 
                        information, be used directly by the Department 
                        of Commerce, any other Federal, State, or local 
                        authority, or any third party, in any civil 
                        action arising under Federal or State law if 
                        such information is submitted in good faith;
                            (iv) may not, without the written consent 
                        of the person or entity submitting such 
                        information, be used or disclosed by any 
                        officer or employee of the United States for 
                        purposes other than the purposes of this 
                        section, except--
                                    (I) in furtherance of an 
                                investigation or the prosecution of a 
                                criminal act; or
                                    (II) when disclosure of the 
                                information would be--
                                            (aa) to either House of 
                                        Congress, or to the extent of 
                                        matter within its jurisdiction, 
                                        any committee or subcommittee 
                                        thereof, any joint committee 
                                        thereof, or any subcommittee of 
                                        any such joint committee; or
                                            (bb) to the Comptroller 
                                        General of the United States, 
                                        or any authorized 
                                        representative of the 
                                        Comptroller General, in the 
                                        course of the performance of 
                                        the duties of the Government 
                                        Accountability Office;
                            (v) may not, if provided to a State or 
                        local government or government agency--
                                    (I) be made available pursuant to 
                                any State or local law requiring 
                                disclosure of information or records;
                                    (II) otherwise be disclosed or 
                                distributed to any party by such State 
                                or local government or government 
                                agency without the written consent of 
                                the person or entity submitting such 
                                information; or
                                    (III) be used other than for the 
                                purpose of carrying out this section, 
                                or in furtherance of an investigation 
                                or the prosecution of a criminal act; 
                                and
                            (vi) does not constitute a waiver of any 
                        applicable privilege or protection provided 
                        under law, such as trade secret protection.
                    (B) Express statement.--The express statement 
                described in this subparagraph, with respect to 
                information or records, is--
                            (i) in the case of written information or 
                        records, a written marking on the information 
                        or records substantially similar to the 
                        following: ``This information is voluntarily 
                        submitted to the Federal Government in 
                        expectation of protection from disclosure as 
                        provided by the provisions of the Promoting 
                        Resilient Supply Chains Act of 2024.''; or
                            (ii) in the case of oral information, a 
                        written statement similar to the statement 
                        described in clause (i) submitted within a 
                        reasonable period following the oral 
                        communication.
            (2) Limitation.--No communication of critical supply chain 
        information to the Department of Commerce made pursuant to this 
        section may be considered to be an action subject to the 
        requirements of chapter 10 of title 5, United States Code.
            (3) Independently obtained information.--Nothing in this 
        subsection may be construed to limit or otherwise affect the 
        ability of a State, local, or Federal Government entity, 
        agency, or authority, or any third party, under applicable law 
        to obtain critical supply chain information in a manner not 
        covered by paragraph (1), including any information lawfully 
        and properly disclosed generally or broadly to the public and 
        to use such information in any manner permitted by law. For 
        purposes of this subsection, a permissible use of independently 
        obtained information includes the disclosure of such 
        information under section 2302(b)(8) of title 5, United States 
        Code.
            (4) Treatment of voluntary submittal of information.--The 
        voluntary submittal to the Department of Commerce of 
        information or records that are protected from disclosure by 
        this section may not be construed to constitute compliance with 
        any requirement to submit such information to an agency under 
        any other provision of law.
            (5) Inapplicability to semiconductor incentive program.--
        This subsection does not apply to the voluntary submission of 
        critical supply chain information in an application for Federal 
        financial assistance under section 9902 of the William M. (Mac) 
        Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
        2021 (Public Law 116-283).

SEC. 4. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT.

    (a) Report Required.--The Secretary shall produce a report--
            (1) identifying the duties, responsibilities, resources, 
        programs, and expertise within the offices and bureaus of the 
        Department of Commerce relevant to critical supply chain 
        resilience and manufacturing innovation;
            (2) identifying and assessing the purpose, legal authority, 
        effectiveness, efficiency, and limitations of each office or 
        bureau identified under paragraph (1); and
            (3) providing recommendations to enhance the activities 
        related to critical supply chain resilience and manufacturing 
        innovation of the Department of Commerce, including--
                    (A) improving the effectiveness, efficiency, and 
                impact of the offices and bureaus identified under 
                paragraph (1);
                    (B) coordinating across offices and bureaus 
                identified under paragraph (1); and
                    (C) consulting with agencies implementing similar 
                activities related to critical supply chain resilience 
                and manufacturing innovation.
    (b) Submission of Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the relevant 
committees of Congress the report required by subsection (a), along 
with a strategy to implement, as appropriate and as determined by the 
Secretary, the recommendations contained in the report.

SEC. 5. NO ADDITIONAL FUNDS.

    No additional funds are authorized to be appropriated to carry out 
this Act.

SEC. 6. SUNSET.

    This Act and all requirements, responsibilities, and obligations 
under this Act shall terminate on the date that is 10 years after the 
date of the enactment of this Act.

SEC. 7. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Agency.--The term ``agency'' has the meaning given that 
        term in section 551 of title 5, United States Code.
            (2) Ally or key international partner nation.--The term 
        ``ally or key international partner nation''--
                    (A) means a country that is critical to addressing 
                critical supply chain weaknesses and vulnerabilities; 
                and
                    (B) does not include--
                            (i) a country that poses a significant risk 
                        to the national security or economic security 
                        of the United States; or
                            (ii) a country that is described in section 
                        503(b) of the RANSOMWARE Act (title V of 
                        division BB of the Consolidated Appropriations 
                        Act, 2023; Public Law 117-328; 136 Stat. 5564).
            (3) Assistant secretary.--The term ``Assistant Secretary'' 
        means the Assistant Secretary of Commerce assigned by the 
        Secretary to direct the office of Industry and Analysis.
            (4) Covered nongovernmental representative.--The term 
        ``covered nongovernmental representative'' means a 
        representative as specified in the second sentence of section 
        135(b)(1) of the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2155(b)(1)), 
        except that such term does not include a representative of a 
        non-Federal Government.
            (5) Critical good.--The term ``critical good'' means any 
        raw, in process, or manufactured material (including any 
        mineral, metal, or advanced processed material), article, 
        commodity, supply, product, or item for which an absence of 
        supply would have a debilitating impact on--
                    (A) the national security or economic security of 
                the United States; and
                    (B) either--
                            (i) critical infrastructure; or
                            (ii) an emerging technology.
            (6) Critical industry.--The term ``critical industry'' 
        means an industry that--
                    (A) is critical for the national security or 
                economic security of the United States; and
                    (B) produces or procures a critical good.
            (7) Critical infrastructure.--The term ``critical 
        infrastructure'' has the meaning given that term in section 
        1016 of the Critical Infrastructures Protection Act of 2001 (42 
        U.S.C. 5195c).
            (8) Critical supply chain.--The term ``critical supply 
        chain'' means a supply chain for a critical good.
            (9) Critical supply chain information.--The term ``critical 
        supply chain information'' means information that is not 
        customarily in the public domain and relates to--
                    (A) sustaining and adapting a critical supply chain 
                during a supply chain shock;
                    (B) critical supply chain risk mitigation and 
                recovery planning with respect to a supply chain shock, 
                including any planned or past assessment, projection, 
                or estimate of a vulnerability within the critical 
                supply chain, including testing, supplier network 
                assessments, production flexibility, supply chain risk 
                evaluations, supply chain risk management planning, or 
                risk audits; or
                    (C) operational best practices, planning, and 
                supplier partnerships that enable enhanced resilience 
                of a critical supply chain during a supply chain shock, 
                including response, repair, recovery, reconstruction, 
                insurance, or continuity.
            (10) Domestic enterprise.--The term ``domestic enterprise'' 
        means an enterprise that conducts business in the United States 
        and procures a critical good.
            (11) Domestic manufacturer.--The term ``domestic 
        manufacturer'' means a business that conducts in the United 
        States the research and development, engineering, or production 
        activities necessary for manufacturing a critical good.
            (12) Emerging technology.--The term ``emerging technology'' 
        means a technology that is critical for the national security 
        or economic security of the United States, including the 
        following:
                    (A) Technologies included in the American COMPETE 
                Act (title XV of division FF of the Consolidated 
                Appropriations Act, 2021; Public Law 116-260; 134 Stat. 
                3276).
                    (B) The following technologies:
                            (i) Artificial intelligence.
                            (ii) Automated vehicles and unmanned 
                        delivery systems.
                            (iii) Blockchain and other distributed 
                        ledger, data storage, data management, and 
                        cybersecurity technologies.
                            (iv) Quantum computing and quantum sensing.
                            (v) Additive manufacturing.
                            (vi) Advanced manufacturing and the 
                        Internet of Things.
                            (vii) Nano technology.
                            (viii) Robotics.
                            (ix) Microelectronics, optical fiber ray, 
                        and high performance and advanced computer 
                        hardware and software.
                            (x) Semiconductors.
                            (xi) Advanced materials science, including 
                        composition 2D, other next generation 
                        materials, and related manufacturing 
                        technologies.
            (13) Institution of higher education.--The term 
        ``institution of higher education'' has the meaning given that 
        term in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1001).
            (14) Manufacture.--The term ``manufacture''--
                    (A) means any activity that is necessary for the 
                development, production, processing, distribution, or 
                delivery of any raw, in process, or manufactured 
                material (including any mineral, metal, and advanced 
                processed material), article, commodity, supply, 
                product, critical good, or item of supply; and
                    (B) does not include software unrelated to the 
                manufacturing process.
            (15) Manufacturing technology.--The term ``manufacturing 
        technology'' means a technology that is necessary for the 
        manufacturing of a critical good.
            (16) Production equipment.--The term ``production 
        equipment'' means any component, subsystem, system, equipment, 
        tooling, accessory, part, or assembly necessary for the 
        manufacturing of a critical good.
            (17) Program.--The term ``program'' means the critical 
        supply chain resiliency and crisis response program established 
        pursuant to section 103(a).
            (18) Relevant committees of congress.--The term ``relevant 
        committees of Congress'' means the following:
                    (A) The Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
                Transportation of the Senate.
                    (B) The Committee on Energy and Commerce of the 
                House of Representatives.
            (19) Resilient critical supply chain.--The term ``resilient 
        critical supply chain'' means a critical supply chain that--
                    (A) ensures that the United States can sustain 
                critical industry, including emerging technologies, 
                production, critical supply chains, services, and 
                access to critical goods, production equipment, and 
                manufacturing technology during a supply chain shock; 
                and
                    (B) has key components of resilience that include--
                            (i) effective private sector risk 
                        management and mitigation planning to sustain 
                        critical supply chains and supplier networks 
                        during a supply chain shock; and
                            (ii) minimized or managed exposure to a 
                        supply chain shock.
            (20) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Commerce.
            (21) State.--The term ``State'' means each of the several 
        States, the District of Columbia, each commonwealth, territory, 
        or possession of the United States, and each federally 
        recognized Indian Tribe.
            (22) Supply chain shock.--The term ``supply chain shock''--
                    (A) means an event causing severe or serious 
                disruption to normal operations or capacity in a supply 
                chain; and
                    (B) includes--
                            (i) a natural disaster;
                            (ii) a pandemic;
                            (iii) a biological threat;
                            (iv) a cyber attack;
                            (v) a geopolitical conflict;
                            (vi) a terrorist or geopolitical attack;
                            (vii) a trade disruption caused by--
                                    (I) a country described in 
                                paragraph (2)(B); or
                                    (II) an entity or an individual 
                                subject to the jurisdiction of such a 
                                country; and
                            (viii) an event for which the President 
                        declares a major disaster or an emergency under 
                        section 401 or 501, respectively, of the Robert 
                        T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency 
                        Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5170; 42 U.S.C. 
                        5191).
                                 <all>
```