IIA 

119TH CONGRESS 

1ST SESSION S. J. RES. 5 

Directing the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities in 

Ukraine that have not been authorized by Congress. 

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 

JANUARY 23, 2025 

Mr. PAUL introduced the following joint resolution; which was read twice and 

referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations 

JOINT RESOLUTION 

Directing the removal of United States Armed Forces from 

hostilities in Ukraine that have not been authorized by 

Congress. 

Whereas Congress has the sole power to declare war under 

the War Powers Clause of section 8 of article I of the 

Constitution of the United States; 

Whereas, since February 2022, Congress has appropriated 

nearly $183,000,000,000 in support of Ukraine; 

Whereas the United States actively provides Ukraine with 

real-time intelligence and targeting information and has 

done so throughout the duration of the Russo-Ukraine 

war; 

Whereas, on November 17, 2024, President Joseph R. Biden 

authorized Ukraine to use United States-provided Army 


ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
2 

•SJ 5 IS 

Tactical Missile System (ATACMS) to strike targets inside Russia; 

Whereas United States forces contribute intelligence and targeting information, which is provided via United States 

military satellites, global positioning systems, and other 

intelligence sources, for Ukraine to effectively use precision-guided munitions, including ATACMs, to strike targets inside Ukraine and Russia; 

Whereas, on November 19, 2024, Ukraine used ATACMS 

missiles to strike a weapons depot in Russia’s Bryansk 

region; 

Whereas, on November 23, 2024, Ukraine used ATACMS 

missiles to strike a S–400 air defense system in Russia’s 

Kursk region; 

Whereas, on November 25, 2024, Ukraine used ATACMS 

missiles to strike the Kursk-Vostochny Airbase in Russia’s Kursk region; 

Whereas, on October 2, 2024, Ukraine’s General Staff stated 

they used ATACMS missiles to strike a Russian NeboM radar system in an undisclosed location; 

Whereas, on December 11, 2024, Ukraine used ATACMS 

missiles to strike a military airfield in Russia’s Rostov region; 

Whereas, on December 18, 2024, Ukraine used ATACMS 

missiles to strike one of Russia’s largest chemical plants 

located in the Rostov region; 

Whereas, on January 2, 2025, Russian officials claimed to 

have intercepted 8 ATACMS missiles fired by Ukraine 

toward Russia’s Belgorod region; 


ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
3 

•SJ 5 IS 

Whereas Russian President Vladimir Putin stated that the 

United States decision to authorize Ukraine to strike 

Russia with United States-provided ATACMS would be 

‘‘tantamount to NATO directly entering the war. This 

will mean that NATO countries, the United States, and 

European countries, are fighting Russia.’’; 

Whereas, on November 19, 2024, President Putin signed a 

decree updating Russia’s nuclear doctrine to consider a 

conventional-weapons attack by a non-nuclear state that 

is supported by a nuclear-armed state as a joint attack 

on Russia, which could meet the conditions for a nuclear 

response; 

Whereas, on December 16, 2024, President-elect Donald J. 

Trump described President Biden’s decision to allow 

Ukraine to use United States-provided ATACMS to 

strike Russia as ‘‘a very stupid thing to do’’ and a ‘‘big 

mistake’’; 

Whereas, on November 1, 2022, Pentagon Spokesman Major 

General Pat Ryder confirmed that United States military 

personnel were deployed in Ukraine, stating, ‘‘These are 

personnel that are assigned to conduct security cooperation and assistance as part of the Defense Attache Office.’’; 

Whereas documents from the Department of Defense, as well 

as current and former United States Government officials, indicate that, as of March 2023, a team of 14 

United States special forces operators were deployed to 

Ukraine; 

Whereas a former United States Government official told 

ABC News, ‘‘In addition to providing assistance with the 

oversight of U.S. equipment and supplies being sent to 


ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
4 

•SJ 5 IS 

Ukraine, the team has assisted Ukrainian military planners with operations that have resulted in hundreds, if 

not thousands, of Russian military casualties.’’; 

Whereas, in November 2024, President Biden authorized 

United States military contractors to deploy to Ukraine 

to provide technical expertise for advanced weapon systems, reversing a long-standing policy preventing such 

deployments; 

Whereas section 8(c) of the War Powers Resolution (50 

U.S.C. 1547(c)) defines the term ‘‘introduction of United 

States Armed Forces’’ to include ‘‘the assignment of 

members of such Armed Forces to command, coordinate, 

participate in the movement of, or accompany the regular 

or irregular military forces of any foreign country or government when such military forces are engaged, or there 

exists an imminent threat that such forces will become 

engaged, in hostilities,’’ and activities that the United 

States Armed Forces have conducted in Ukraine fall 

within such definition, as is evidenced by United States 

support and coordination of Ukrainian precision strikes 

on Russian targets and United States special forces security cooperation; 

Whereas the United States Armed Forces have been introduced into active or imminent hostilities within the meaning of section 4(a) of the War Powers Resolution (50 

U.S.C. 1543(a)), and activities that the United States 

Armed Forces have conducted in Ukraine fall within such 

definition, as evidenced by United States support and coordination of Ukrainian precision strikes on Russian targets and United States special forces security cooperation; 


ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
5 

•SJ 5 IS 

Whereas section 5(c) of the War Powers Resolution (50 

U.S.C. 1544(c)) states that ‘‘at any time that United 

States Armed Forces are engaged in hostilities outside 

the territory of the United States, its possessions and territories without a declaration of war or specific statutory 

authorization, such forces shall be removed by the President if the Congress so directs’’; and 

Whereas section 1013 of the Department of State Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1984 and 1985 (50 U.S.C. 1546a) 

provides that ‘‘[a]ny joint resolution or bill [to require] 

the removal of United States Armed Forces engaged in 

hostilities . . . without a declaration of war or specific 

statutory authorization shall be considered in accordance 

with the procedures of section 601(b) of the International 

Security Assistance and Arms Export Control Act of 

1976’’: Now, therefore, be it 

1 Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives

2 of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

3 SECTION 1. REMOVAL OF UNITED STATES ARMED FORCES 

4 FROM HOSTILITIES IN UKRAINE THAT HAVE 

5 NOT BEEN AUTHORIZED BY CONGRESS. 

6 Pursuant to section 1013 of the Department of State 

7 Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1984 and 1985 (50 

8 U.S.C. 1546a) and in accordance with the provisions of 

9 section 601(b) of the International Security Assistance 

10 and Arms Export Control Act of 1976 (Public Law 94– 

11 329; 90 Stat. 765), Congress hereby directs the President 

12 to remove United States Armed Forces from hostilities in 

13 or affecting Ukraine by not later than the date that is 


ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
6 

•SJ 5 IS 

1 30 days after the date of the adoption of this joint resolu2 tion (unless the President requests and Congress author3 izes a later date), and unless and until a declaration of 

4 war or specific authorization for such use of United States 

5 Armed Forces has been enacted. 

6 SEC. 2. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION REGARDING AUTHORIZA7 TIONS FOR USE OF MILITARY FORCE. 

8 Consistent with section 8(a)(1) of the War Powers 

9 Resolution (50 U.S.C. 1547(a)(1)), nothing in this joint 

10 resolution may be construed as authorizing the use of mili11 tary force. 

Æ 


ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS