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 Securities and Exchange Commission [Release Nos. 33-11350; 34-102134; IA-6808; IC-35442]
 AGENCY: Securities and Exchange Commission.
 ACTION: Notice of annual inflation adjustment of civil monetary penalties.
 SUMMARY: The Securities and Exchange Commission (“Commission”) is publishing this notice (“Notice”) pursuant to the Federal Civil Penalties Inflation Adjustment Act Improvements Act of 2015 (“2015 Act”). This Act requires all agencies to annually adjust for inflation the civil monetary penalties that can be imposed under the statutes administered by the agency and publish the adjusted amounts in the 
                        **Federal Register**
                        . This Notice sets forth the 
                        ( print page 2768)
                        annual inflation adjustment of the maximum amount of civil monetary penalties (“CMPs”) administered by the Commission under the Securities Act of 1933 (“Securities Act”), the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”), the Investment Company Act of 1940, and certain penalties under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. These amounts are effective beginning on January 15, 2025, and will apply to all penalties imposed after that date for violations of the aforementioned statutes that occurred after November 2, 2015.
 FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Stephen M. Ng, Senior Special Counsel, Office of the General Counsel, at (202) 551-7957, or Hannah W. Riedel, Senior Counsel, Office of the General Counsel, at (202) 551-7918.


SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: I. Background This Notice is being published pursuant to the 2015 Act,[1]
                    
                     which amended the Federal Civil Penalties Inflation Adjustment Act of 1990 (“Inflation Adjustment Act”).[2]
                    
                     The Inflation Adjustment Act previously had been amended by the Debt Collection Improvement Act of 1996 (“DCIA”) [3]
                    
                     to require that each federal agency adopt regulations at least once every four years that adjust for inflation the CMPs that can be imposed under the statutes administered by the agency. Pursuant to this requirement, the Commission previously adopted regulations in 1996, 2001, 2005, 2009, and 2013 to adjust the maximum amount of the CMPs that could be imposed under the statutes the Commission administers.[4] The 2015 Act replaces the inflation adjustment formula prescribed in the DCIA with a new formula for calculating the inflation-adjusted amount of CMPs. The 2015 Act requires that agencies use this new formula to re-calculate the inflation-adjusted amounts of the penalties they administer on an annual basis and publish these new amounts in the 
                    **Federal Register**
                     by January 15 of each year.[5]
                    
                     The Commission previously published the first annual adjustment required by the 2015 Act on January 6, 2017 (“2017 Adjustment”).[6]
                    
                     As part of the 2017 Adjustment, the Commission promulgated 17 CFR 201.1001(a) and Table I to Subsection 1001, which lists the penalty amounts for all violations that occurred on or before November 2, 2015. For violations occurring after November 2, 2015, Subsection 1001(b) provides that the applicable penalty amounts will be adjusted annually based on the formula set forth in the 2015 Act. Subsection 1001(b) further provides that these adjusted amounts will be published in the 
                    **Federal Register**
                     and on the Commission's website. The Commission published the most recent annual adjustment on January 5, 2024 (“2024 Adjustment”).[7] A CMP is defined in relevant part as any penalty, fine, or other sanction that: (1) is for a specific amount, or has a maximum amount, as provided by federal law; and (2) is assessed or enforced by an agency in an administrative proceeding or by a federal court pursuant to federal law.[8]
                    
                     This definition applies to the monetary penalty provisions contained in four statutes administered by the Commission: the Securities Act, the Exchange Act, the Investment Company Act, and the Investment Advisers Act. In addition, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act provides the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (“PCAOB”) authority to levy civil monetary penalties in its disciplinary proceedings pursuant to 15 U.S.C. 7215(c)(4)(D).[9]
                    
                     The definition of a CMP in the Inflation Adjustment Act encompasses such civil monetary penalties.[10] II. Adjusting the Commission's Penalty Amounts for Inflation This Notice sets forth the annual inflation adjustment required by the 2015 Act for all CMPs under the Securities Act, the Exchange Act, the Investment Company Act, and the Investment Advisers Act, and certain civil monetary penalties under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Pursuant to the 2015 Act, the penalty amounts in the 2025 Adjustment are adjusted for inflation by increasing them by a multiplier (“CPI-U Multiplier”) that represents the percentage change between the Consumer Price Index for all Urban Consumers (“CPI-U”) for October 2023 and the October 2024 CPI-U.[11]
                    
                     The CPI-U Multiplier for the 2025 Adjustment is 1.02598.[12]
                    
                     The new penalty amounts are determined by multiplying the amounts in the 2024 Adjustment by the CPI-U Multiplier and then rounding to the nearest dollar. For example, the CMP for certain insider trading violations by controlling persons under Exchange Act Section 21A(a)(3) [13]
                    
                     was readjusted for inflation as part of the 2024 Adjustment to $2,559,636. To determine the new CMP under this provision, the Commission multiplies this amount by the CPI-U Multiplier of 1.02598, and rounds to the nearest dollar. Thus, the new CMP for Exchange Act Section 21A(a)(3) is $2,636,135. Below is the Commission's calculation of the new penalty amounts for the penalties it administers:
                    ( print page 2769) U.S. code citation
Civil monetary penalty description
2024
                             Adjustment 
                             penalty 
                             amounts
CPI-U
                             multiplier
2025
                             Adjusted 
                             penalty 
                             amounts15 U.S.C. 77h-1(g) (Securities Act Sec. 8A(g))
For natural person
                             For any other person 
                             For natural person/fraud 
                             For any other person/fraud
$10,550
                             105,505 
                             105,505 
                             527,522
1.02598
                             1.02598 
                             1.02598 
                             1.02598
$10,824
                             108,246 
                             108,246 
                             541,227For natural person/fraud/substantial losses or risk of losses to others or gains to self
211,009
1.02598
216.491For any other person/fraud/substantial losses or risk of losses to others or gain to self
1,019,877
1.02598
1,046,37315 U.S.C. 77t(d) (Securities Act Sec. 20(d))
For natural person
11,524
1.02598
11,823For any other person
                             For natural person/fraud 
                             For any other person/fraud
115,231
                             115,231 
                             576,158
1.02598
                             1.02598 
                             1.02598
118,225
                             118,225 
                             591,127For natural person/fraud/substantial losses or risk of losses to others
230,464
1.02598
236,451For any other person/fraud/substantial losses or risk of losses to others
1,152,314
1.02598
1,182,25115 U.S.C. 78u(d)(3) (Exchange Act Sec. 21(d)(3))
For natural person
                             For any other person 
                             For natural person/fraud
11,524
                             115,231 
                             115,231
1.02598
                             1.02598 
                             1.02598
11,823
                             118,225 
                             118,225For any other person/fraud
576,158
1.02598
591,127For natural person/fraud/substantial losses or risk of losses to others or gains to self
230,464
1.02598
236,451For any other person/fraud/substantial losses or risk of losses to others or gain to self
1,152,314
1.02598
1,182,25115 U.S.C. 78u-1(a)(3) (Exchange Act Sec. 21A(a)(3))
Insider Trading—controlling person
2,559,636
1.02598
2,626,13515 U.S.C. 78u-2 (Exchange Act Sec. 21B)
For natural person
                             For any other person 
                             For natural person/fraud
11,524
                             115,231 
                             115,231
1.02598
                             1.02598 
                             1.02598
11,823
                             118,225 
                             118,225For any other person/fraud
576,158
1.02598
591,127For natural person/fraud/substantial losses or risk of losses to others
230,464
1.02598
236,451For any other person/fraud/substantial losses or risk of losses to others
1,152,314
1.02598
1,182,25115 U.S.C. 78ff(b) (Exchange Act Sec. 32(b))
Exchange Act/failure to file information documents, reports
680
1.02598
69815 U.S.C. 78ff(c)(1)(B) (Exchange Act Sec. 32(c)(1)(B))
Foreign Corrupt Practices—any issuer
25,597
1.02598
26,26215 U.S.C. 78ff(c)(2)(B) (Exchange Act Sec. 32(c)(2)(B))
Foreign Corrupt Practices—any agent or stockholder acting on behalf of issuer
25,597
1.02598
26,26215 U.S.C. 80a-9(d) (Investment Company Act Sec. 9(d))
For natural person
                             For any other person 
                             For natural person/fraud 
                             For any other person/fraud
11,524
                             115,231 
                             115,231 
                             576,158
1.02598
                             1.02598 
                             1.02598 
                             1.02598
11,823
                             118,225 
                             118,225 
                             591,127For natural person/fraud/substantial losses or risk of losses to others or gains to self
230,464
1.02598
236,451For any other person/fraud/substantial losses or risk of losses to others or gain to self
1,152,314
1.02598
1,182,25115 U.S.C. 80a-41(e) (Investment Company Act Sec. 42(e))
For natural person
                             For any other person 
                             For natural person/fraud
11,524
                             115,231 
                             115,231
1.02598
                             1.02598 
                             1.02598
11,823
                             118,225 
                             118,225For any other person/fraud
576,158
1.02598
591,127For natural person/fraud/substantial losses or risk of losses to others
230,464
1.02598
236,451For any other person/fraud/substantial losses or risk of losses to others
1,152,314
1.02598
1,182,25115 U.S.C. 80b-3(i) (Investment Advisers Act Sec. 203(i))
For natural person
                             For any other person 
                             For natural person/fraud
11,524
                             115,231 
                             115,231
1.02598
                             1.02598 
                             1.02598
11,823
                             118,225 
                             118,225For any other person/fraud
576,158
1.02598
591,127For natural person/fraud/substantial losses or risk of losses to others or gains to self
230,464
1.02598
236,451For any other person/fraud/substantial losses or risk of losses to others or gain to self
1,152,314
1.02598
1,182,25115 U.S.C. 80b-9(e) (Investment Advisers Act Sec. 209(e))
For natural person
                             For any other person 
                             For natural person/fraud
11,524
                             115,231 
                             115,231
1.02598
                             1.02598 
                             1.02598
11,823
                             118,225 
                             118,225For any other person/fraud
576,158
1.02598
591,127For natural person/fraud/substantial losses or risk of losses to others
230,464
1.02598
236,451For any other person/fraud/substantial losses or risk of losses to others
1,152,314
1.02598
1,182,25115 U.S.C. 7215(c)(4)(D)(i) (Sarbanes-Oxley Act Sec. 105(c)(4)(D)(i))
For natural person
                             For any other person
169,700
                             3,394,024
1.02598
                             1.02598
174,109
                             3,482,20115 U.S.C. 7215(c)(4)(D)(ii) (Sarbanes-Oxley Act Sec. 105(c)(4)(D)(ii))
For natural person
                             For any other person
1,272,758
                             25,455,170
1.02598
                             1.02598
1,305,824
                             26,116,495
 Pursuant to the 2015 Act and 17 CFR 201.1001, the adjusted penalty amounts in this Notice (and all penalty adjustments performed pursuant to the 2015 Act) apply to penalties imposed after the date the adjustment is effective for violations that occurred after November 2, 2015, the 2015 Act's enactment date. These penalty amounts 
                    ( print page 2770)
                    supersede the amounts in the 2024 Adjustment.[14]
                    
                     For violations that occurred on or before November 2, 2015, the penalty amounts in Table I to 17 CFR 201.1001 continue to apply.[15] III. Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act Status The Office of Management and Budget (“OMB”) has concurred in our recommendation that this Notice is not a “major rule” as defined by section 251 of the Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act (“SBREFA”), 5 U.S.C. 804(2), because (1) it will not have an annual effect of $100 million dollars or more on the economy, (2) it does not present a major increase in prices for consumers or individual industries, and (3) it does not have significant adverse effects on competition, investment, or innovation.[16] By the Commission. Dated: January 7, 2025. Vanessa A. Countryman, Secretary.


# Footnotes

1.
    
                         Public Law 114-74 Sec. 701, 129 Stat. 599-601 (Nov. 2, 2015), codified at 28 U.S.C. 2461 note. Back to Citation
 2.
    
                         Public Law 101-410, 104 Stat. 890-892 (1990), codified at 28 U.S.C. 2461 note. Back to Citation
 3.
    
                         Public Law 104-134, Title III, § 31001(s)(1), 110 Stat. 1321-373 (1996), codified at 28 U.S.C. 2461 note. Back to Citation
 4.
    
                         
                        *See*
                         Release Nos. 33-7361, 34-37912, IA-1596, IC-22310, dated Nov. 1, 1996 (effective Dec. 9, 1996), previously found at 17 CFR 201.1001 and Table I to Subpart E of Part 201; Release Nos. 33-7946, 34-43897, IA-1921, IC-24846, dated Jan. 31, 2001 (effective Feb. 2, 2001), previously found at 17 CFR 201.1002 and Table II to Subpart E of Part 201; Release Nos. 33-8530, 34-51136, IA-2348, IC-26748, dated Feb. 9, 2005 (effective Feb. 14, 2005), previously found at 17 CFR 201.1003 and Table III to Subpart E of Part 201; Release Nos. 33-9009, 34-59449, IA-2845, IC-28635, dated Feb. 25, 2009 (effective Mar. 3, 2009), previously found at 17 CFR 201.1004 and Table IV to Subpart E of Part 201; and Release Nos. 33-9387, 34-68994, IA-3557, IC-30408, dated Feb. 27, 2013 (effective Mar. 5, 2013), previously found at 17 CFR 201.1005 and Table V to Subpart E of Part 201. The penalty amounts contained in these releases have now been consolidated into Table I to 17 CFR 201.1001. Back to Citation
 5.
    
                         28 U.S.C. 2461 note Sec. 4. Back to Citation
 6.
    
                         Release Nos. 33-10276; 34-79749; IA-4599; IC-32414 (effective Jan. 18, 2017). Back to Citation
 7.
    
                         Release Nos. 33-11263; 34-99276; IA-6521; IC-35085) (effective Jan. 15, 2024). Back to Citation
 8.
    
                         28 U.S.C. 2461 note Sec. 3(2). Back to Citation
 9.
    
                         15 U.S.C. 7215(c)(4)(D). Back to Citation
 10.
    
                         The Commission may by order affirm, modify, remand, or set aside sanctions, including civil monetary penalties, imposed by the PCAOB. 
                        *See*
                         Section 107(c) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 15 U.S.C. 7217. The Commission may enforce such orders in federal district court pursuant to Section 21(e) of the Exchange Act. As a result, penalties assessed by the PCAOB in its disciplinary proceedings are penalties “enforced” by the Commission for purposes of the Inflation Adjustment Act. 
                        *See Adjustments to Civil Monetary Penalty Amounts,*
                         Release No. 33-8530 (Feb. 4, 2005) [70 FR 7606 (Feb. 14, 2005)]. Back to Citation
 11.
    
                         28 U.S.C. 2461 note Sec. 5. Back to Citation
 12.
    
                         This figure is based on the percentage change between published CPI-U figures for Oct. 2024 (315.664) and Oct. 2023 (307.671), dividing the former by the latter (1.02597905). OMB rounds the multiplier to the nearest hundredth thousandth (1.02598). 
                        *See*
                         Office of Management and Budget, 
                        *Implementation of Penalty Inflation Adjustments for 2025, Pursuant to the Federal Civil Penalties Inflation Adjustment Act Improvements Act of 2015*
                         (Dec. 17, 2024), available at available at 
                        *https://www.whitehouse.gov/​wp-content/​uploads/​2024/​12/​M-25-02.pdf.* Back to Citation
 13.
    
                         15 U.S.C. 78u-1(a)(3). Back to Citation
 14.
    
                         The penalty amounts in this Notice are being published in the 
                        **Federal Register**
                         and will not be added to the Code of Federal Regulations in accordance with the 2015 Act and 17 CFR 201.1001(b). 
                        *See*28 U.S.C. 2461 note Sec. 4(a)(2); 17 CFR 201.1001(b). In addition to being published in the 
                        **Federal Register**
                        , the penalty amounts in this Notice will be made available on the Commission's website at 
                        *https://www.sec.gov/​enforce/​civil-penalties-inflation-adjustments.htm,*
                         as detailed in 17 CFR 201.1001(b). This website also lists the penalty amounts for violations that occurred on or before Nov. 2, 2015. Back to Citation
 15.
    
                         17 CFR 201.1001(a). Back to Citation
 16.
    
                         
                        *See generally*
                         SBREFA, Public Law 104-121 (1996). Back to Citation


[FR Doc. 2025-00513 Filed 1-10-25; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 8011-01-P