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[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 160 Introduced in House (IH)]

<DOC>

119th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                H. R. 160

To ensure election integrity and security and enhance Americans' access 
 to the ballot box by establishing consistent standards and procedures 
for voter registration and voting in elections for Federal office, and 
                          for other purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                            January 3, 2025

 Mr. Fitzpatrick introduced the following bill; which was referred to 
the Committee on House Administration, and in addition to the Committee 
  on Science, Space, and Technology, for a period to be subsequently 
   determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such 
 provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL

 
To ensure election integrity and security and enhance Americans' access 
 to the ballot box by establishing consistent standards and procedures 
for voter registration and voting in elections for Federal office, and 
                          for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Restoring Faith in 
Elections Act''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents of this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
             TITLE I--FEDERAL STANDARDS FOR MAIL-IN BALLOTS

Sec. 101. Short title.
Sec. 102. Federal standards for mail-in ballots.
Sec. 103. Federal standards for reporting election results.
                 TITLE II--AUTOMATIC VOTER REGISTRATION

Sec. 201. Short title; findings and purpose.
Sec. 202. Automatic registration of eligible individuals.
Sec. 203. Contributing agency assistance in registration.
Sec. 204. One-time contributing agency assistance in registration of 
                            eligible voters in existing records.
Sec. 205. Voter protection and security in automatic registration.
Sec. 206. Registration portability and correction.
Sec. 207. Payments and grants.
Sec. 208. Treatment of exempt States.
Sec. 209. Miscellaneous provisions.
Sec. 210. Definitions.
Sec. 211. Effective date.
     TITLE III--PROMOTING STANDARDIZED ADMINISTRATION OF ELECTIONS

Sec. 301. Requiring parity in treatment of methods of voting.
Sec. 302. Requiring standard election administration procedures in all 
                            jurisdictions in State.
        TITLE IV--PROMOTING ACCURACY OF VOTER REGISTRATION LISTS

Sec. 401. Establishment of National Deconfliction Voting Database and 
                            Clearinghouse.
Sec. 402. Pre-election maintenance and certification of official voter 
                            registration list.
Sec. 403. Requiring applicants for motor vehicle driver's licenses in 
                            new State to indicate whether State serves 
                            as residence for voter registration 
                            purposes.

             TITLE I--FEDERAL STANDARDS FOR MAIL-IN BALLOTS

SEC. 101. SHORT TITLE.

    This title may be cited as the ``Verifiable, Orderly, and Timely 
Election Results Act''.

SEC. 102. FEDERAL STANDARDS FOR MAIL-IN BALLOTS.

    (a) In General.--Title III of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 
U.S.C. 20901 et seq.), as amended by section 2(a) of the COCOA Act of 
2024, is amended--
            (1) by redesignating sections 305 and 306 as sections 306 
        and 307, respectively; and
            (2) by inserting after section 304 the following new 
        section:

``SEC. 305. FEDERAL STANDARDS FOR MAIL-IN BALLOTS.

    ``(a) In General.--When otherwise permitted by State law, any vote-
by-mail system used in an election for Federal office must be designed 
and implemented to ensure a secure, uniform, and timely system to cast 
a mail-in ballot in accordance with this section.
    ``(b) Requests.--
            ``(1) In general.--Requests for a mail-in ballot under such 
        system may be submitted electronically or by postal mail using 
        a standardized form approved for such requests by the chief 
        State election official.
            ``(2) Request.--The form for such requests must enable an 
        election official who receives the request to confirm--
                    ``(A) the identity of the individual submitting the 
                request;
                    ``(B) that the individual is validly registered to 
                vote in the jurisdiction where the request is 
                submitted; and
                    ``(C) that the individual continues to reside at 
                the physical address where the individual is registered 
                to vote (if different than the mailing address where 
                the ballot is requested to be sent).
            ``(3) Deadline for submission.--Such request must be 
        submitted by an individual and received by the office of the 
        State or local election supervisor not later than 21 days 
        before the date of the election for Federal office.
            ``(4) Mailing of ballots.--Upon receipt of such a request, 
        the State or local election supervisor shall fulfill the 
        request by mailing a mail-in ballot to the individual within 3 
        days.
    ``(c) Requirements for State or Local Election Officials.--The 
office of the State or local election supervisor shall--
            ``(1) record the total number of mail-in ballots sent to 
        voters pursuant to this section; and
            ``(2) include a notation on the voter rolls maintained by 
        the office and provided to the individual polling locations, 
        which identifies that a voter has received a mail-in ballot and 
        the date that mail-in ballot was sent to the voter.
    ``(d) Ballot Requirements.--
            ``(1) In general.--To be considered validly cast and 
        eligible to be counted in an election for Federal office, a 
        mail-in ballot must--
                    ``(A) be marked using blue or black ink, and 
                properly designate the individual's vote for each 
                candidate;
                    ``(B) be signed by the individual using the same 
                signature the individual used to register to vote;
                    ``(C) be dated;
                    ``(D) be received by the appropriate election 
                official no later than the time polls close on the date 
                of the election; and
                    ``(E) include an attestation, signed by the 
                individual, that the individual submitting the mail-in 
                ballot is--
                            ``(i) the individual to whom the ballot was 
                        mailed;
                            ``(ii) registered to vote in the 
                        jurisdiction where the ballot is being 
                        submitted; and
                            ``(iii) submitting the mail-in ballot in 
                        lieu of casting a ballot in-person, and will 
                        not attempt to cast a ballot in-person after 
                        submitting the mail-in ballot.
            ``(2) Return of ballots in-person.--An individual may 
        choose to return a mail-in ballot in-person to the polling 
        place where the individual is registered to vote in lieu of 
        returning the ballot by mail.
    ``(e) Option To Vote In-Person.--
            ``(1) In general.--An individual who receives a mail-in 
        ballot with respect to an election for Federal office may 
        instead vote in-person in such election if the individual turns 
        in the blank or incomplete mail-in ballot received by the 
        individual to the polling location where the individual plans 
        to vote in-person.
            ``(2) Provisional ballot.--If the individual attempts to 
        vote in-person but does not bring their blank or incomplete 
        mail-in ballot to the polling location, the individual shall be 
        directed to complete a provisional ballot.
    ``(f) Persons Permitted To Possess Mail-In Ballots.--
            ``(1) In general.--It shall be unlawful for any person to 
        possess or return a mail-in ballot completed by another person, 
        except as provided in this subsection.
            ``(2) Immediate family member.--
                    ``(A) In general.--A person may possess or return a 
                mail-in ballot completed by an immediate family member, 
                provided that the person does not possess more than two 
                such completed mail-in ballots other than his or her 
                own.
                    ``(B) Definition of immediate family member.--In 
                this paragraph, the term `immediate family member' 
                means the spouse, child, parent, grandparent, or 
                sibling of the person.
            ``(3) Caregiver.--
                    ``(A) In general.--A caregiver may possess or 
                return a mail-in ballot completed by a person under the 
                supervision or care of the caregiver, provided that the 
                caregiver does not possess more than two such completed 
                mail-in ballots other than his or her own.
                    ``(B) Definition of caregiver.--In this paragraph, 
                the term `caregiver' means an individual who has the 
                responsibility for the care of an older individual, 
                either voluntarily, by contract, by receipt of payment 
                for care, or as a result of the operation of law and 
                means an individual who provides (on behalf of such 
                individual or of a public or private agency, 
                organization, or institution) compensated or 
                uncompensated care to an older individual.
            ``(4) Incidental possession excepted.--The prohibition 
        under paragraph (1) shall not apply to the incidental 
        possession of mail-in ballots by a postal worker or election 
        official acting within the scope of his or her official 
        capacity.
            ``(5) Penalty.--Any person who violates this subsection 
        shall be fined under title 18, United States Code, or 
        imprisoned not more than 1 year, or both.
    ``(g) Effective Date.--This section shall apply with respect to 
elections for Federal office held after the date of the enactment of 
this section.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment Relating to Enforcement.--Section 401 of 
such Act (52 U.S.C. 21111), as amended by section 2(b) of the COCOA Act 
of 2024, is amended by striking ``and 304'' and inserting ``304, and 
305''.
    (c) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents of such Act, as 
amended by section 2(c) of the COCOA Act of 2024, is amended--
            (1) by redesignating the items relating to sections 305 and 
        306 as relating to sections 306 and 307; and
            (2) by inserting after the item relating to section 304 the 
        following new item:

``Sec. 305. Federal standards for mail-in ballots.''.

SEC. 103. FEDERAL STANDARDS FOR REPORTING ELECTION RESULTS.

    (a) In General.--Title III of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 
U.S.C. 20901 et seq.), as amended by section 102(a), is amended--
            (1) by redesignating sections 306 and 307 as sections 307 
        and 308, respectively; and
            (2) by inserting after section 305 the following new 
        section:

``SEC. 306. FEDERAL STANDARDS FOR REPORTING ELECTION RESULTS.

    ``(a) In General.--The chief State election official shall ensure 
that ballots validly cast in an election for Federal office are able to 
be counted and reported in a timely manner as follows:
            ``(1) Mail-in ballots received prior to the date of the 
        election shall be counted beginning at least one week prior to 
        the date of the election.
            ``(2) One hour after polls close on the date of the 
        election, each voting precinct shall report to the chief State 
        election official the following:
                    ``(A) The total number of mail-in ballots received 
                by the voting precinct.
                    ``(B) The total number of ballots cast in-person in 
                the voting precinct.
                    ``(C) Of the ballots reported under subparagraphs 
                (A) and (B), the number of such ballots that have been 
                counted and the number of such ballots that remain to 
                be counted.
            ``(3) All ballots validly cast in an election for Federal 
        office shall be counted and reported within 24 hours after the 
        conclusion of voting on the date of the election.
    ``(b) Effective Date.--This section shall apply with respect to 
elections for Federal office held after the date of the enactment of 
this section.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment Relating to Enforcement.--Section 401 of 
such Act (52 U.S.C. 21111), as amended by section 102(b), is amended by 
striking ``and 305'' and inserting ``305, and 306''.
    (c) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents of such Act, as 
amended by section 102(c), is amended--
            (1) by redesignating the items relating to sections 306 and 
        307 as relating to sections 307 and 308; and
            (2) by inserting after the item relating to section 305 the 
        following new item:

``Sec. 306. Federal standards for reporting election results.''.

                 TITLE II--AUTOMATIC VOTER REGISTRATION

SEC. 201. SHORT TITLE; FINDINGS AND PURPOSE.

    (a) Short Title.--This title may be cited as the ``Automatic Voter 
Registration Act of 2025''.
    (b) Findings and Purpose.--
            (1) Findings.--Congress finds that--
                    (A) the right to vote is a fundamental right of 
                citizens of the United States;
                    (B) it is the responsibility of the State and 
                Federal Governments to ensure that every eligible 
                citizen is registered to vote;
                    (C) existing voter registration systems can be 
                inaccurate, costly, inaccessible and confusing, with 
                damaging effects on voter participation in elections 
                and disproportionate impacts on young people, persons 
                with disabilities, and racial and ethnic minorities; 
                and
                    (D) voter registration systems must be updated with 
                21st-century technologies and procedures to maintain 
                their security.
            (2) Purpose.--It is the purpose of this title--
                    (A) to establish that it is the responsibility of 
                government at every level to ensure that all eligible 
                citizens are registered to vote;
                    (B) to enable the State and Federal Governments to 
                register all eligible citizens to vote with accurate, 
                cost-efficient, and up-to-date procedures;
                    (C) to modernize voter registration and list 
                maintenance procedures with electronic and internet 
                capabilities; and
                    (D) to protect and enhance the integrity, accuracy, 
                efficiency, and accessibility of the electoral process 
                for all eligible citizens.

SEC. 202. AUTOMATIC REGISTRATION OF ELIGIBLE INDIVIDUALS.

    (a) Requiring States To Establish and Operate Automatic 
Registration System.--
            (1) In general.--The chief State election official of each 
        State shall establish and operate a system of automatic 
        registration for the registration of eligible individuals to 
        vote for elections for Federal office in the State, in 
        accordance with the provisions of this title.
            (2) Definition.--The term ``automatic registration'' means 
        a system that registers an individual to vote in elections for 
        Federal office in a State, if eligible, by electronically 
        transferring the information necessary for registration from 
        government agencies to election officials of the State so that, 
        unless the individual affirmatively declines to be registered, 
        the individual will be registered to vote in such elections.
    (b) Registration of Voters Based on New Agency Records.--The chief 
State election official shall--
            (1) not later than 15 days after a contributing agency has 
        transmitted information with respect to an individual pursuant 
        to section 203, ensure that the individual is registered to 
        vote in elections for Federal office in the State if the 
        individual is eligible to be registered to vote in such 
        elections; and
            (2) send written notice to the individual, in addition to 
        other means of notice established by this part, of the 
        individual's voter registration status.
    (c) One-Time Registration of Voters Based on Existing Contributing 
Agency Records.--The chief State election official shall--
            (1) identify all individuals whose information is 
        transmitted by a contributing agency pursuant to section 204 
        and who are eligible to be, but are not currently, registered 
        to vote in that State;
            (2) promptly send each such individual written notice, in 
        addition to other means of notice established by this title, 
        which shall not identify the contributing agency that 
        transmitted the information but shall include--
                    (A) an explanation that voter registration is 
                voluntary, but if the individual does not decline 
                registration, the individual will be registered to 
                vote;
                    (B) a statement offering the opportunity to decline 
                voter registration through means consistent with the 
                requirements of this title;
                    (C) in the case of a State in which affiliation or 
                enrollment with a political party is required in order 
                to participate in an election to select the party's 
                candidate in an election for Federal office, a 
                statement offering the individual the opportunity to 
                affiliate or enroll with a political party or to 
                decline to affiliate or enroll with a political party, 
                through means consistent with the requirements of this 
                title;
                    (D) the substantive qualifications of an elector in 
                the State as listed in the mail voter registration 
                application form for elections for Federal office 
                prescribed pursuant to section 9 of the National Voter 
                Registration Act of 1993, the consequences of false 
                registration, and a statement that the individual 
                should decline to register if the individual does not 
                meet all those qualifications;
                    (E) instructions for correcting any erroneous 
                information; and
                    (F) instructions for providing any additional 
                information which is listed in the mail voter 
                registration application form for elections for Federal 
                office prescribed pursuant to section 9 of the National 
                Voter Registration Act of 1993;
            (3) ensure that each such individual who is eligible to 
        register to vote in elections for Federal office in the State 
        is promptly registered to vote not later than 45 days after the 
        official sends the individual the written notice under 
        paragraph (2), unless, during the 30-day period which begins on 
        the date the election official sends the individual such 
        written notice, the individual declines registration in 
        writing, through a communication made over the internet, or by 
        an officially logged telephone communication; and
            (4) send written notice to each such individual, in 
        addition to other means of notice established by this title, of 
        the individual's voter registration status.
    (d) Treatment of Individuals Under 18 Years of Age.--A State may 
not refuse to treat an individual as an eligible individual for 
purposes of this title on the grounds that the individual is less than 
18 years of age at the time a contributing agency receives information 
with respect to the individual, so long as the individual is at least 
16 years of age at such time.
    (e) Contributing Agency Defined.--In this part, the term 
``contributing agency'' means, with respect to a State, an agency 
listed in section 203(e).

SEC. 203. CONTRIBUTING AGENCY ASSISTANCE IN REGISTRATION.

    (a) In General.--In accordance with this title, each contributing 
agency in a State shall assist the State's chief election official in 
registering to vote all eligible individuals served by that agency.
    (b) Requirements for Contributing Agencies.--
            (1) Instructions on automatic registration.--With each 
        application for service or assistance, and with each related 
        recertification, renewal, or change of address, or, in the case 
        of an institution of higher education, with each registration 
        of a student for enrollment in a course of study, each 
        contributing agency that (in the normal course of its 
        operations) requests individuals to affirm United States 
        citizenship (either directly or as part of the overall 
        application for service or assistance) shall inform each such 
        individual who is a citizen of the United States of the 
        following:
                    (A) Unless that individual declines to register to 
                vote, or is found ineligible to vote, the individual 
                will be registered to vote or, if applicable, the 
                individual's registration will be updated.
                    (B) The substantive qualifications of an elector in 
                the State as listed in the mail voter registration 
                application form for elections for Federal office 
                prescribed pursuant to section 9 of the National Voter 
                Registration Act of 1993, the consequences of false 
                registration, and the individual should decline to 
                register if the individual does not meet all those 
                qualifications.
                    (C) In the case of a State in which affiliation or 
                enrollment with a political party is required in order 
                to participate in an election to select the party's 
                candidate in an election for Federal office, the 
                requirement that the individual must affiliate or 
                enroll with a political party in order to participate 
                in such an election.
                    (D) Voter registration is voluntary, and neither 
                registering nor declining to register to vote will in 
                any way affect the availability of services or 
                benefits, nor be used for other purposes.
            (2) Opportunity to decline registration required.--Each 
        contributing agency shall ensure that each application for 
        service or assistance, and each related recertification, 
        renewal, or change of address, or, in the case of an 
        institution of higher education, each registration of a student 
        for enrollment in a course of study, cannot be completed until 
        the individual is given the opportunity to decline to be 
        registered to vote.
            (3) Information transmittal.--Upon the expiration of the 
        30-day period which begins on the date the contributing agency 
        informs the individual of the information described in 
        paragraph (1), each contributing agency shall electronically 
        transmit to the appropriate State election official, in a 
        format compatible with the statewide voter database maintained 
        under section 303 of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 
        U.S.C. 21083), the following information, unless during such 
        30-day period the individual declined to be registered to vote:
                    (A) The individual's given name(s) and surname(s).
                    (B) The individual's date of birth.
                    (C) The individual's residential address.
                    (D) Information showing that the individual is a 
                citizen of the United States.
                    (E) The date on which information pertaining to 
                that individual was collected or last updated.
                    (F) If available, the individual's signature in 
                electronic form.
                    (G) Information regarding the individual's 
                affiliation or enrollment with a political party, if 
                the individual provides such information.
                    (H) Any additional information listed in the mail 
                voter registration application form for elections for 
                Federal office prescribed pursuant to section 9 of the 
                National Voter Registration Act of 1993, including any 
                valid driver's license number or the last 4 digits of 
                the individual's social security number, if the 
                individual provided such information.
    (c) Alternate Procedure for Certain Contributing Agencies.--With 
each application for service or assistance, and with each related 
recertification, renewal, or change of address, or in the case of an 
institution of higher education, with each registration of a student 
for enrollment in a course of study, any contributing agency that in 
the normal course of its operations does not request individuals 
applying for service or assistance to affirm United States citizenship 
(either directly or as part of the overall application for service or 
assistance) shall--
            (1) complete the requirements of section 7(a)(6) of the 
        National Voter Registration Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C. 
        20506(a)(6));
            (2) ensure that each applicant's transaction with the 
        agency cannot be completed until the applicant has indicated 
        whether the applicant wishes to register to vote or declines to 
        register to vote in elections for Federal office held in the 
        State; and
            (3) for each individual who wishes to register to vote, 
        transmit that individual's information in accordance with 
        subsection (b)(3).
    (d) Required Availability of Automatic Registration Opportunity 
With Each Application for Service or Assistance.--Each contributing 
agency shall offer each individual, with each application for service 
or assistance, and with each related recertification, renewal, or 
change of address, or in the case of an institution of higher 
education, with each registration of a student for enrollment in a 
course of study, the opportunity to register to vote as prescribed by 
this section without regard to whether the individual previously 
declined a registration opportunity.
    (e) Contributing Agencies.--
            (1) State agencies.--In each State, each of the following 
        agencies shall be treated as a contributing agency:
                    (A) Each agency in a State that is required by 
                Federal law to provide voter registration services, 
                including the State motor vehicle authority and other 
                voter registration agencies under the National Voter 
                Registration Act of 1993.
                    (B) Each agency in a State that administers a 
                program pursuant to title III of the Social Security 
                Act (42 U.S.C. 501 et seq.), title XIX of the Social 
                Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396 et seq.), or the Patient 
                Protection and Affordable Care Act (Public Law 111-
                148).
                    (C) Each State agency primarily responsible for 
                regulating the private possession of firearms.
                    (D) Each State agency primarily responsible for 
                maintaining identifying information for students 
                enrolled at public secondary schools, including, where 
                applicable, the State agency responsible for 
                maintaining the education data system described in 
                section 6201(e)(2) of the America COMPETES Act (20 
                U.S.C. 9871(e)(2)).
                    (E) In the case of a State in which an individual 
                disenfranchised by a criminal conviction may become 
                eligible to vote upon completion of a criminal sentence 
                or any part thereof, or upon formal restoration of 
                rights, the State agency responsible for administering 
                that sentence, or part thereof, or that restoration of 
                rights.
                    (F) Any other agency of the State which is 
                designated by the State as a contributing agency.
            (2) Federal agencies.--In each State, each of the following 
        agencies of the Federal Government shall be treated as a 
        contributing agency with respect to individuals who are 
        residents of that State (except as provided in subparagraph 
        (C)):
                    (A) The Social Security Administration, the 
                Department of Veterans Affairs, the Defense Manpower 
                Data Center of the Department of Defense, the Employee 
                and Training Administration of the Department of Labor, 
                and the Center for Medicare & Medicaid Services of the 
                Department of Health and Human Services.
                    (B) The Bureau of Citizenship and Immigration 
                Services, but only with respect to individuals who have 
                completed the naturalization process.
                    (C) In the case of an individual who is a resident 
                of a State in which an individual disenfranchised by a 
                criminal conviction under Federal law may become 
                eligible to vote upon completion of a criminal sentence 
                or any part thereof, or upon formal restoration of 
                rights, the Federal agency responsible for 
                administering that sentence or part thereof (without 
                regard to whether the agency is located in the same 
                State in which the individual is a resident), but only 
                with respect to individuals who have completed the 
                criminal sentence or any part thereof.
                    (D) Any other agency of the Federal Government 
                which the State designates as a contributing agency, 
                but only if the State and the head of the agency 
                determine that the agency collects information 
                sufficient to carry out the responsibilities of a 
                contributing agency under this section.
            (3) Institutions of higher education.--Each institution of 
        higher education that receives Federal funds shall be treated 
        as a contributing agency in the State in which it is located, 
        but only with respect to students of the institution (including 
        students who attend classes online) who reside in the State. An 
        institution of higher education described in the previous 
        sentence shall be exempt from the voter registration 
        requirements of section 487(a)(23) of the Higher Education Act 
        of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1094(a)(23)) if the institution is in 
        compliance with the applicable requirements of this part.
            (4) Publication.--Not later than 180 days prior to the date 
        of each election for Federal office held in the State, the 
        chief State election official shall publish on the public 
        website of the official an updated list of all contributing 
        agencies in that State.
            (5) Public education.--The chief State election official of 
        each State, in collaboration with each contributing agency, 
        shall take appropriate measures to educate the public about 
        voter registration under this section.

SEC. 204. ONE-TIME CONTRIBUTING AGENCY ASSISTANCE IN REGISTRATION OF 
              ELIGIBLE VOTERS IN EXISTING RECORDS.

    (a) Initial Transmittal of Information.--For each individual 
already listed in a contributing agency's records as of the date of 
enactment of this Act, and for whom the agency has the information 
listed in section 203(b)(3), the agency shall promptly transmit that 
information to the appropriate State election official in accordance 
with section 203(b)(3) not later than the effective date described in 
section 211(a).
    (b) Transition.--For each individual listed in a contributing 
agency's records as of the effective date described in section 211(a) 
(but who was not listed in a contributing agency's records as of the 
date of enactment of this Act), and for whom the agency has the 
information listed in section 203(b)(3), the Agency shall promptly 
transmit that information to the appropriate State election official in 
accordance with section 203(b)(3) not later than 6 months after the 
effective date described in section 211(a).

SEC. 205. VOTER PROTECTION AND SECURITY IN AUTOMATIC REGISTRATION.

    (a) Protections for Errors in Registration.--An individual shall 
not be prosecuted under any Federal law, adversely affected in any 
civil adjudication concerning immigration status or naturalization, or 
subject to an allegation in any legal proceeding that the individual is 
not a citizen of the United States on any of the following grounds:
            (1) The individual notified an election office of the 
        individual's automatic registration to vote under this title.
            (2) The individual is not eligible to vote in elections for 
        Federal office but was automatically registered to vote under 
        this title.
            (3) The individual was automatically registered to vote 
        under this title at an incorrect address.
            (4) The individual declined the opportunity to register to 
        vote or did not make an affirmation of citizenship, including 
        through automatic registration, under this title.
    (b) Limits on Use of Automatic Registration.--The automatic 
registration of any individual or the fact that an individual declined 
the opportunity to register to vote or did not make an affirmation of 
citizenship (including through automatic registration) under this title 
may not be used as evidence against that individual in any State or 
Federal law enforcement proceeding, and an individual's lack of 
knowledge or willfulness of such registration may be demonstrated by 
the individual's testimony alone.
    (c) Protection of Election Integrity.--Nothing in subsection (a) or 
(b) may be construed to prohibit or restrict any action under color of 
law against an individual who--
            (1) knowingly and willfully makes a false statement to 
        effectuate or perpetuate automatic voter registration by any 
        individual; or
            (2) casts a ballot knowingly and willfully in violation of 
        State law or the laws of the United States.
    (d) Contributing Agencies' Protection of Information.--Nothing in 
this title authorizes a contributing agency to collect, retain, 
transmit, or publicly disclose any of the following:
            (1) An individual's decision to decline to register to vote 
        or not to register to vote.
            (2) An individual's decision not to affirm his or her 
        citizenship.
            (3) Any information that a contributing agency transmits 
        pursuant to section 203(b)(3), except in pursuing the agency's 
        ordinary course of business.
    (e) Election Officials' Protection of Information.--
            (1) Public disclosure prohibited.--
                    (A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), with 
                respect to any individual for whom any State election 
                official receives information from a contributing 
                agency, the State election officials shall not publicly 
                disclose any of the following:
                            (i) The identity of the contributing 
                        agency.
                            (ii) Any information not necessary to voter 
                        registration.
                            (iii) Any voter information otherwise 
                        shielded from disclosure under State law or 
                        section 8(a) of the National Voter Registration 
                        Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C. 20507(a)).
                            (iv) Any portion of the individual's social 
                        security number.
                            (v) Any portion of the individual's motor 
                        vehicle driver's license number.
                            (vi) The individual's signature.
                            (vii) The individual's telephone number.
                            (viii) The individual's email address.
                    (B) Special rule for individuals registered to 
                vote.--With respect to any individual for whom any 
                State election official receives information from a 
                contributing agency and who, on the basis of such 
                information, is registered to vote in the State under 
                this part, the State election officials shall not 
                publicly disclose any of the following:
                            (i) The identity of the contributing 
                        agency.
                            (ii) Any information not necessary to voter 
                        registration.
                            (iii) Any voter information otherwise 
                        shielded from disclosure under State law or 
                        section 8(a) of the National Voter Registration 
                        Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C. 20507(a)).
                            (iv) Any portion of the individual's social 
                        security number.
                            (v) Any portion of the individual's motor 
                        vehicle driver's license number.
                            (vi) The individual's signature.
            (2) Voter record changes.--Each State shall maintain for at 
        least 2 years and shall make available for public inspection 
        and, where available, photocopying at a reasonable cost, all 
        records of changes to voter records, including removals and 
        updates.
            (3) Database management standards.--The Director of the 
        National Institute of Standards and Technology shall, after 
        providing the public with notice and the opportunity to 
        comment--
                    (A) establish standards governing the comparison of 
                data for voter registration list maintenance purposes, 
                identifying as part of such standards the specific data 
                elements, the matching rules used, and how a State may 
                use the data to determine and deem that an individual 
                is ineligible under State law to vote in an election, 
                or to deem a record to be a duplicate or outdated;
                    (B) ensure that the standards developed pursuant to 
                this paragraph are uniform and nondiscriminatory and 
                are applied in a uniform and nondiscriminatory manner; 
                and
                    (C) publish the standards developed pursuant to 
                this paragraph on the Director's website and make those 
                standards available in written form upon request.
            (4) Security policy.--The Director of the National 
        Institute of Standards and Technology shall, after providing 
        the public with notice and the opportunity to comment, publish 
        privacy and security standards for voter registration 
        information. The standards shall require the chief State 
        election official of each State to adopt a policy that shall 
        specify--
                    (A) each class of users who shall have authorized 
                access to the computerized statewide voter registration 
                list, specifying for each class the permission and 
                levels of access to be granted, and setting forth other 
                safeguards to protect the privacy, security, and 
                accuracy of the information on the list; and
                    (B) security safeguards to protect personal 
                information transmitted through the information 
                transmittal processes of section 203 or section 204, 
                the online system used pursuant to section 207, any 
                telephone interface, the maintenance of the voter 
                registration database, and any audit procedure to track 
                access to the system.
            (5) State compliance with national standards.--
                    (A) Certification.--The chief executive officer of 
                the State shall annually file with the Election 
                Assistance Commission a statement certifying to the 
                Director of the National Institute of Standards and 
                Technology that the State is in compliance with the 
                standards referred to in paragraphs (3) and (4). A 
                State may meet the requirement of the previous sentence 
                by filing with the Commission a statement which reads 
                as follows: ``_____ hereby certifies that it is in 
                compliance with the standards referred to in paragraphs 
                (3) and (4) of section 205 of the Automatic Voter 
                Registration Act of 2025.'' (with the blank to be 
                filled in with the name of the State involved).
                    (B) Publication of policies and procedures.--The 
                chief State election official of a State shall publish 
                on the official's website the policies and procedures 
                established under this section, and shall make those 
                policies and procedures available in written form upon 
                public request.
                    (C) Funding dependent on certification.--If a State 
                does not timely file the certification required under 
                this paragraph, it shall not receive any payment under 
                this title for the upcoming fiscal year.
                    (D) Compliance of states that require changes to 
                state law.--In the case of a State that requires State 
                legislation to carry out an activity covered by any 
                certification submitted under this paragraph, for a 
                period of not more than 2 years the State shall be 
                permitted to make the certification notwithstanding 
                that the legislation has not been enacted at the time 
                the certification is submitted, and such State shall 
                submit an additional certification once such 
                legislation is enacted.
    (f) Restrictions on Use of Information.--No person acting under 
color of law may discriminate against any individual based on, or use 
for any purpose other than voter registration, election administration, 
or enforcement relating to election crimes, any of the following:
            (1) Voter registration records.
            (2) An individual's declination to register to vote or 
        complete an affirmation of citizenship under section 203(b).
            (3) An individual's voter registration status.
    (g) Prohibition on the Use of Voter Registration Information for 
Commercial Purposes.--Information collected under this title shall not 
be used for commercial purposes. Nothing in this subsection may be 
construed to prohibit the transmission, exchange, or dissemination of 
information for political purposes, including the support of campaigns 
for election for Federal, State, or local public office or the 
activities of political committees (including committees of political 
parties) under the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971.

SEC. 206. REGISTRATION PORTABILITY AND CORRECTION.

    (a) Correcting Registration Information at Polling Place.--
Notwithstanding section 302(a) of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 
U.S.C. 21082(a)), if an individual is registered to vote in elections 
for Federal office held in a State, the appropriate election official 
at the polling place for any such election (including a location used 
as a polling place on a date other than the date of the election) shall 
permit the individual to--
            (1) update the individual's address for purposes of the 
        records of the election official;
            (2) correct any incorrect information relating to the 
        individual, including the individual's name and political party 
        affiliation, in the records of the election official; and
            (3) cast a ballot in the election on the basis of the 
        updated address or corrected information, and to have the 
        ballot treated as a regular ballot and not as a provisional 
        ballot under section 302(a) of such Act.
    (b) Updates to Computerized Statewide Voter Registration Lists.--If 
an election official at the polling place receives an updated address 
or corrected information from an individual under subsection (a), the 
official shall ensure that the address or information is promptly 
entered into the computerized statewide voter registration list in 
accordance with section 303(a)(1)(A)(vi) of the Help America Vote Act 
of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21083(a)(1)(A)(vi)).

SEC. 207. PAYMENTS AND GRANTS.

    (a) In General.--The Election Assistance Commission shall make 
grants to each eligible State to assist the State in implementing the 
requirements of this title (or, in the case of an exempt State, in 
implementing its existing automatic voter registration program).
    (b) Eligibility; Application.--A State is eligible to receive a 
grant under this section if the State submits to the Commission, at 
such time and in such form as the Commission may require, an 
application containing--
            (1) a description of the activities the State will carry 
        out with the grant;
            (2) an assurance that the State shall carry out such 
        activities without partisan bias and without promoting any 
        particular point of view regarding any issue; and
            (3) such other information and assurances as the Commission 
        may require.
    (c) Amount of Grant; Priorities.--The Commission shall determine 
the amount of a grant made to an eligible State under this section. In 
determining the amounts of the grants, the Commission shall give 
priority to providing funds for those activities which are most likely 
to accelerate compliance with the requirements of this title (or, in 
the case of an exempt State, which are most likely to enhance the 
ability of the State to automatically register individuals to vote 
through its existing automatic voter registration program), including--
            (1) investments supporting electronic information transfer, 
        including electronic collection and transfer of signatures, 
        between contributing agencies and the appropriate State 
        election officials;
            (2) updates to online or electronic voter registration 
        systems already operating as of the date of the enactment of 
        this Act;
            (3) introduction of online voter registration systems in 
        jurisdictions in which those systems did not previously exist; 
        and
            (4) public education on the availability of new methods of 
        registering to vote, updating registration, and correcting 
        registration.
    (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--
            (1) Authorization.--There are authorized to be appropriated 
        to carry out this section--
                    (A) $500,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and
                    (B) such sums as may be necessary for each 
                succeeding fiscal year.
            (2) Continuing availability of funds.--Any amounts 
        appropriated pursuant to the authority of this subsection shall 
        remain available without fiscal year limitation until expended.

SEC. 208. TREATMENT OF EXEMPT STATES.

    (a) Waiver of Requirements.--Except as provided in subsection (b), 
this title does not apply with respect to an exempt State.
    (b) Exceptions.--The following provisions of this title apply with 
respect to an exempt State:
            (1) Section 206 (relating to registration portability and 
        correction).
            (2) Section 207 (relating to payments and grants).
            (3) Section 209(e) (relating to enforcement).
            (4) Section 209(f) (relating to relation to other laws).

SEC. 209. MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS.

    (a) Accessibility of Registration Services.--Each contributing 
agency shall ensure that the services it provides under this title are 
made available to individuals with disabilities to the same extent as 
services are made available to all other individuals.
    (b) Transmission Through Secure Third Party Permitted.--Nothing in 
this title shall be construed to prevent a contributing agency from 
contracting with a third party to assist the agency in meeting the 
information transmittal requirements of this title, so long as the data 
transmittal complies with the applicable requirements of this title, 
including the privacy and security provisions of section 205.
    (c) Nonpartisan, Nondiscriminatory Provision of Services.--The 
services made available by contributing agencies under this title and 
by the State under sections 205 and 206 shall be made in a manner 
consistent with paragraphs (4), (5), and (6)(C) of section 7(a) of the 
National Voter Registration Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C. 20506(a)).
    (d) Notices.--Each State may send notices under this title via 
electronic mail if the individual has provided an electronic mail 
address and consented to electronic mail communications for election-
related materials. All notices sent pursuant to this title that require 
a response must offer the individual notified the opportunity to 
respond at no cost to the individual.
    (e) Enforcement.--Section 11 of the National Voter Registration Act 
of 1993 (52 U.S.C. 20510), relating to civil enforcement and the 
availability of private rights of action, shall apply with respect to 
this title in the same manner as such section applies to such Act.
    (f) Relation to Other Laws.--Except as provided, nothing in this 
title may be construed to authorize or require conduct prohibited 
under, or to supersede, restrict, or limit the application of any of 
the following:
            (1) The Voting Rights Act of 1965 (52 U.S.C. 10301 et 
        seq.).
            (2) The Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act 
        (52 U.S.C. 20301 et seq.).
            (3) The National Voter Registration Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C. 
        20501 et seq.).
            (4) The Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 20901 et 
        seq.).

SEC. 210. DEFINITIONS.

    In this title, the following definitions apply:
            (1) The term ``chief State election official'' means, with 
        respect to a State, the individual designated by the State 
        under section 10 of the National Voter Registration Act of 1993 
        (52 U.S.C. 20509) to be responsible for coordination of the 
        State's responsibilities under such Act.
            (2) The term ``Commission'' means the Election Assistance 
        Commission.
            (3) The term ``exempt State'' means a State which, under 
        law which is in effect continuously on and after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, operates an automatic voter 
        registration program under which an individual is automatically 
        registered to vote in elections for Federal office in the State 
        if the individual provides the motor vehicle authority of the 
        State with such identifying information as the State may 
        require.
            (4) The term ``State'' means each of the several States and 
        the District of Columbia.

SEC. 211. EFFECTIVE DATE.

    (a) In General.--Except as provided in subsection (b), this title 
and the amendments made by this title shall apply with respect to a 
State beginning January 1, 2027.
    (b) Waiver.--Subject to the approval of the Commission, if a State 
certifies to the Commission that the State will not meet the deadline 
referred to in subsection (a) because of extraordinary circumstances 
and includes in the certification the reasons for the failure to meet 
the deadline, subsection (a) shall apply to the State as if the 
reference in such subsection to ``January 1, 2027'' were a reference to 
``January 1, 2029''.

     TITLE III--PROMOTING STANDARDIZED ADMINISTRATION OF ELECTIONS

SEC. 301. REQUIRING PARITY IN TREATMENT OF METHODS OF VOTING.

    (a) Requirement.--Section 302 of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 
(52 U.S.C. 21082) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsection (d) as subsection (e); and
            (2) by inserting after subsection (c) the following new 
        subsection:
    ``(d) Requiring Parity in Treatment of Methods of Voting.--
            ``(1) Requirement.--Each State and jurisdiction shall 
        administer an election for Federal office under standards which 
        apply equally to all methods of voting used in the election, 
        including standards relating to signature verification, and 
        shall not prepay or otherwise subsidize the costs associated 
        with one method of voting in an election unless the State or 
        jurisdiction prepays or otherwise subsidizes the costs 
        associated with other methods of voting in the election in an 
        equivalent amount.
            ``(2) Exception for certain costs.--Paragraph (1) does not 
        apply with respect to costs prepaid or otherwise subsidized by 
        a State or jurisdiction in providing accommodations for 
        disabled voters or in meeting the requirements of the Uniformed 
        and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act.''.
    (b) Effective Date.--Section 302(e) of such Act, as redesignated by 
subsection (a), is amended by striking the period at the end and 
inserting the following: ``, except that the requirements of subsection 
(d) shall apply with respect to the regularly scheduled general 
election for Federal office held in November 2026 and each succeeding 
election for Federal office.''.

SEC. 302. REQUIRING STANDARD ELECTION ADMINISTRATION PROCEDURES IN ALL 
              JURISDICTIONS IN STATE.

    (a) Requirement.--Section 302 of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 
(52 U.S.C. 21082), as amended by section 301(a), is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsection (e) as subsection (f); and
            (2) by inserting after subsection (d) the following new 
        subsection:
    ``(e) Requiring Standard Election Administration Procedures in All 
Jurisdictions.--Each State shall ensure that the procedures used for 
the administration of elections for Federal office in the State, 
including the procedures used to determine the conditions under which 
individuals may cast provisional ballots and the criteria for the 
acceptance and rejection of provisional ballots, are standardized and 
uniform for all jurisdictions in the State which administer such 
elections.''.
    (b) Effective Date.--Section 302(f) of such Act, as redesignated by 
subsection (a) and as amended by section 301(b), is amended by striking 
``subsection (d)'' and inserting ``subsections (d) and (e)''.

        TITLE IV--PROMOTING ACCURACY OF VOTER REGISTRATION LISTS

SEC. 401. ESTABLISHMENT OF NATIONAL DECONFLICTION VOTING DATABASE AND 
              CLEARINGHOUSE.

    (a) Establishment.--There is established within the Cybersecurity 
and Infrastructure Security Agency the National Deconfliction Voting 
Database and Clearinghouse.
    (b) Purpose.--The National Deconfliction Voting Database and 
Clearinghouse shall assist States in ensuring the integrity of 
elections for Federal office by serving as a database and clearinghouse 
of voter registration records and lists of eligible voters in elections 
for Federal office, so that States may ensure that individual voters 
are registered only in the one State in which they are domiciled, 
deceased voters are purged from voting rolls, and only citizens of the 
United States vote in such elections.
    (c) Definition.--In this section, the term ``State'' has the 
meaning given such term in the National Voter Registration Act of 1993 
(52 U.S.C. 20501 et seq.).

SEC. 402. PRE-ELECTION MAINTENANCE AND CERTIFICATION OF OFFICIAL VOTER 
              REGISTRATION LIST.

    (a) Requiring State To Certify Completion of Program To Remove 
Ineligible Voters Prior to Date of Election and Transfer Certified List 
of Eligible Voters to Clearinghouse.--Section 8(c)(2)(A) of the 
National Voter Registration Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C. 20507(c)(2)(A)) is 
amended by striking ``A State shall complete'' and all that follows 
through ``eligible voters'' and inserting the following: ``Not later 
than 90 days prior to the date of an election for Federal office, each 
State and the chief State election official of each State shall certify 
to the Election Assistance Commission and the Cybersecurity and 
Infrastructure Security Agency that the State has completed a program 
to remove the names of ineligible voters from the official list of 
eligible voters with respect to the election, and shall transfer to the 
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (for inclusion in the 
National Deconfliction Voting Database and Clearinghouse) the certified 
list of eligible voters in the election.''.
    (b) Provision of Information to State and CISA by United States 
Postal Service and Social Security Administration.--Section 8(c)(2) of 
such Act (52 U.S.C. 20507(c)(2)) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subparagraph (B) as subparagraph (C); 
        and
            (2) by inserting after subparagraph (A) the following new 
        subparagraph:
    ``(B) Not later than 180 days before the date of each regularly 
scheduled general election for Federal office--
            ``(i) the Postmaster General shall transmit to the chief 
        State election official of a State and the Cybersecurity and 
        Infrastructure Security Agency change-of-address information on 
        individuals who, since the previous regularly scheduled general 
        election for Federal office, are no longer residents of the 
        State; and
            ``(ii) the Director of the Social Security Administration 
        shall transmit to the chief State election official and the 
        Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency information on 
        individuals from the State who have died since the previous 
        regularly scheduled general election for Federal office.''.
    (c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall 
apply with respect to the regularly scheduled general election for 
Federal office held in November 2026 and each succeeding election for 
Federal office.

SEC. 403. REQUIRING APPLICANTS FOR MOTOR VEHICLE DRIVER'S LICENSES IN 
              NEW STATE TO INDICATE WHETHER STATE SERVES AS RESIDENCE 
              FOR VOTER REGISTRATION PURPOSES.

    (a) Requirements for Applicants for Licenses.--Section 5(d) of the 
National Voter Registration Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C. 20504(d)) is 
amended--
            (1) by striking ``Any change'' and inserting ``(1) Any 
        change''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
    ``(2)(A) A State motor vehicle authority shall require each 
individual applying for a motor vehicle driver's license in the State--
            ``(i) to attest, under penalty of perjury, whether the 
        individual resides in another State or resided in another State 
        prior to applying for the license, and, if so, to identify the 
        State involved; and
            ``(ii) to attest, under penalty of perjury, whether the 
        individual intends for the State to serve as the individual's 
        residence for purposes of registering to vote in elections for 
        Federal office.
    ``(B) If pursuant to subparagraph (A)(ii) an individual indicates 
to the State motor vehicle authority that the individual intends for 
the State to serve as the individual's residence for purposes of 
registering to vote in elections for Federal office, the authority 
shall notify the motor vehicle authority of the State identified by the 
individual pursuant to subparagraph (A)(i), who shall notify the chief 
State election official of such State that the individual no longer 
intends for that State to serve as the individual's residence for 
purposes of registering to vote in elections for Federal office.''.
    (b) Effective Date.--The amendments made by subsection (a) shall 
take effect with respect to elections occurring in 2025 or any 
succeeding year.
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