Federal Register / Vol. 90, No. 12 / Tuesday, January 21, 2025 / Proposed Rules 6845 

1On January 10, 2025, the Commission voted (4– 

1) to publish this notice. 

1 16 U.S.C. 824o(d)(2). 

2Type 1 and type 2 wind resources are not 

inverter-based wind turbine generators. Rather, type 

1 and type 2 wind resources rely on passive 

induction generators with limited ability to control 

active power, reactive power, or voltage. NERC, 

Reliability Guideline: Power Plant Model 

Verification for Inverter-Based Resources, vii, ix 

(Sept. 2018), https://www.nerc.com/comm/RSTC_

Reliability_Guidelines/PPMV_for_Inverter-Based_

Resources.pdf. 

does not improve the safety of the 

consumer product and that CPSC is 

retaining the existing standard. If the 

Commission does not take this action, 

the revised voluntary standard will be 

considered a consumer product safety 

standard issued under section 9 of the 

Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA) 

(15 U.S.C. 2058), effective 180 days after 

the Commission received notification of 

the revision (or a later date specified by 

the Commission in the Federal 

Register). 15 U.S.C. 2056a(b)(4)(B). 

Under this authority, the Commission 

issued a mandatory safety rule that 

incorporates by reference ASTM F2012– 

18 epsiv;1, Safety Standard for 

Stationary Activity Centers, codified at 

16 CFR part 1238 (84 FR 28205, June. 

18, 2019). The ASTM standard 

incorporated by CPSC defines a 

stationary activity center as ‘‘a 

freestanding product intended to remain 

stationary that enables a sitting or 

standing occupant whose torso is 

completely surrounded by the product 

to walk, rock, play, spin or bounce, or 

all of these, within a limited range of 

motion.’’ 16 CFR 1238.2. This 

mandatory standard includes 

performance requirements and test 

methods, as well as requirements for 

warning labels and instructions, to 

address hazards to children. 

On January 6, 2025, ASTM notified 

the Commission that it had approved 

and published another revised version 

of the voluntary standard, ASTM 

F2012–2024. CPSC is assessing the 

revised voluntary standard to 

determine, consistent with section 

104(b)(4)(B) of the CPSIA, its effect on 

the safety of stationary activity centers 

subject to 16 CFR part 1238. The 

Commission invites public comment to 

inform CPSC staff’s assessment and 

subsequent Commission consideration 

of the revisions in ASTM F2012–2024.1

The currently incorporated voluntary 

standard (ASTM F2012–18e1) and the 

revised voluntary standard (ASTM 

F2012–24) are available for review in 

several ways. A read-only copy of the 

existing, incorporated standard is 

available for viewing, at no cost, on the 

ASTM website at: https://

www.astm.org/READINGLIBRARY/. A 

read-only copy of the revised standard 

(ASTM F2012–24), including red-lined 

versions that identify the changes from 

the 2018 versions to the 2024 version, 

is available, at no cost, on ASTM’s 

website at: https://www.astm.org/ 

CPSC.htm. Interested parties can also 

download copies of the standards by 

purchasing them from ASTM 

International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, 

P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 

19428–2959; phone: 610–832–9585; 

https://www.astm.org. Alternatively, 

interested parties can schedule an 

appointment to inspect copies of the 

standards at CPSC’s Office of the 

Secretary, U.S. Consumer Product 

Safety Commission, 4330 East-West 

Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, 

telephone: 301–504–7479. 

Comments must be received by 

February 4, 2025. Because of the short 

statutory time frame Congress 

established for the Commission to 

consider revised voluntary standards 

under section 104(b)(4) of the CPSIA, 

CPSC will not consider comments 

received after this date. 

Alberta E. Mills, 

Secretary, Consumer Product Safety 

Commission. 

[FR Doc. 2025–01277 Filed 1–17–25; 8:45 am] 

BILLING CODE 6355–01–P 

DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY 

Federal Energy Regulatory 

Commission 

18 CFR Part 40 

[Docket No. RM25–3–000] 

Reliability Standards for Frequency 

and Voltage Protection Settings and 

Ride-Through for Inverter-Based 

Resources 

AGENCY: Federal Energy Regulatory 

Commission. 

ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking. 

SUMMARY: The Federal Energy 

Regulatory Commission (Commission) 

proposes to approve proposed 

Reliability Standards PRC–024–4 

(Frequency and Voltage Protection 

Settings for Synchronous Generators, 

Type 1 and Type 2 Wind Resources, and 

Synchronous Condensers) and PRC– 

029–1 (Frequency and Voltage Ridethrough Requirements for InverterBased Resources), which the North 

American Electric Reliability 

Corporation submitted in response to 

Commission directives. The 

Commission seeks comments on all 

aspects of the proposed approval. 

DATES: Comments are due March 24, 

2025. 

ADDRESSES: Comments, identified by 

docket number, may be filed in the 

following ways. Electronic filing 

through http://www.ferc.gov, is 

preferred. 

• Electronic Filing: Documents must 

be filed in acceptable native 

applications and print-to-PDF, but not 

in scanned or picture format. 

• For those unable to file 

electronically, comments may be filed 

by USPS mail or by hand (including 

courier) delivery. 

Æ Mail via U.S. Postal Service Only: 

Addressed to: Federal Energy 

Regulatory Commission, Secretary of the 

Commission, 888 First Street, NE, 

Washington, DC 20426. 

Æ Hand (including courier) delivery: 

Deliver to: Federal Energy Regulatory 

Commission, 12225 Wilkins Avenue, 

Rockville, MD 20852. 

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: 

Syed Ahmad (Technical Information), 

Office of Electric Reliability, Federal 

Energy Regulatory Commission, 888 

First Street NE, Washington, DC 

20426, (202) 502 8718, Syed.Ahmad@

ferc.gov 

Boris Voynik (Technical Information), 

Office of Electric Reliability, Federal 

Energy Regulatory Commission, 888 

First Street NE, Washington, DC 

20426, (202) 502 8902, Boris.Voynik@

ferc.gov 

Felicia West (Legal Information), Office 

of General Counsel, Federal Energy 

Regulatory Commission, 888 First 

Street NE, Washington, DC 20426, 

(202) 502 8948, Felicia.West@ferc.gov 

Hampden T. Macbeth (Legal 

Information), Office of General 

Counsel, Federal Energy Regulatory 

Commission, 888 First Street NE, 

Washington, DC 20426, (202) 502 

8957, Hampden.Macbeth@ferc.gov 

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

1. Pursuant to section 215(d)(2) of the 

Federal Power Act (FPA),1 the 

Commission proposes to approve the 

addition of the newly defined term 

‘‘Ride-through’’ to the North American 

Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC) 

Glossary of Terms and to approve the 

proposed Protection and Control (PRC) 

Reliability Standards PRC–024–4 

(Frequency and Voltage Protection 

Settings for Synchronous Generators, 

Type 1 and Type 2 Wind Resources, and 

Synchronous Condensers) 2 and PRC– 

029–1 (Frequency and Voltage Ridethrough Requirements for InverterBased Resources (IBR)). We also propose 

to approve the associated violation risk 

factors, violation severity levels, 


ddrumheller on DSK120RN23PROD with PROPOSALS1
6846 Federal Register / Vol. 90, No. 12 / Tuesday, January 21, 2025 / Proposed Rules 

3Reliability Standards to Address Inverter-Based 

Resources, Order No. 901, 88 FR 74250 (Oct. 30, 

2023), 185 FERC ¶ 61,042 (2023). 

4 Id. PP 7, 56, 190, 229. 

5See generally supra n.3. 

6NERC Petition at 51. 

7 Id. at 24. The Bulk-Power System is defined in 

the FPA as facilities and control systems necessary 

for operating an interconnected electric energy 

transmission network (or any portion thereof); and 

electric energy from generating facilities needed to 

maintain transmission system reliability. The term 

does not include facilities used in the local 

distribution of electric energy. 16 U.S.C. 824o(a)(1). 

8 16 U.S.C. 824o(c). 

9 Id. 824o(e). 

10Rules Concerning Certification of the Elec. 

Reliability Org.; & Procs. for the Establishment, 

Approval, & Enforcement of Elec. Reliability 

Standards, Order No. 672, 114 FERC ¶ 61,104, order 

on reh’g, Order No. 672–A, 114 FERC ¶ 61,328 

(2006); see also 18 CFR 39.4(b) (2024). 

11N. Am. Elec. Reliability Corp., 116 FERC 

¶ 61,062, order on reh’g & compliance, 117 FERC 

¶ 61,126 (2006), aff’d sub nom. Alcoa, Inc. v. FERC, 

564 F.3d 1342 (D.C. Cir. 2009). 

12Order No. 901, 185 FERC ¶ 61,042 at P 12. 

13 Id. P 26 n.53 (listing 12 NERC reports 

describing IBR behavior during disturbances). 

14 Id. P 12 (footnotes omitted). 

15 Id. P 13. 

16 Id. 

17 Id. 

18E.g., id. PP 1, 5, 53. 

19 Id. PP 7, 190. 

20 Id. P 190. 

implementation plans, and effective 

dates for proposed Reliability Standards 

PRC–024–4 and PRC–029–1, as well as 

to approve the retirement of currently 

effective Reliability Standard PRC–024– 

3. 

2. In Order No. 901, the Commission 

directed NERC to develop new or 

modified Reliability Standards 

addressing, among other things, 

reliability gaps associated with IBRs 

tripping or entering momentary 

cessation in aggregate.3 Specifically, 

Order No. 901 directed NERC to submit 

by November 4, 2024 new or modified 

Reliability Standards that establish IBR 

performance requirements, including 

requirements addressing frequency and 

voltage ride through, post disturbance 

ramp rates, phase lock loop 

synchronization, and other known 

causes of IBR tripping or momentary 

cessation.4

3. NERC submitted the proposed 

Reliability Standards in response to 

Commission directives in Order No. 

901.5 The purpose of proposed 

Reliability Standard PRC–024–4 ‘‘is to 

ensure that protection of synchronous 

generators, type 1 and type 2 wind 

resources, and synchronous condensers 

do not cause tripping during defined 

frequency and voltage excursions in 

support’’ of the Bulk-Power System.’’ 6

The purpose of proposed Reliability 

Standard PRC–029–1 is to ‘‘ensure that 

IBRs Ride-through disturbances to 

support the Bulk-Power System . . . 

during and after defined frequency and 

voltage excursions.’’ 7 We seek 

comments on all aspects of the proposed 

approvals. 

4. We propose to find that proposed 

Reliability Standards PRC–024–4 and 

PRC–029–1 are consistent with and 

responsive to applicable directives in 

Order No. 901 in requiring generator 

owners of IBRs to ride through 

frequency and voltage excursions, such 

as a fault on the transmission or subtransmission system. 

5. In addition, we propose to direct 

NERC to develop and submit two 

informational filings 12 months and 24 

months after the conclusion of NERC’s 

proposed 12-month exemption request 

period for existing IBRs. Proposed 

Reliability Standard PRC–029–1 

includes a provision that allows existing 

IBRs that are already in operation when 

proposed Reliability Standard PRC– 

029–1 goes into effect (legacy IBRs) to 

obtain an exemption to the voltage and 

frequency Ride-through requirements if 

hardware replacements would be 

necessary to comply. The Commission 

seeks to understand the volume of 

exemptions, the circumstances in which 

entities have invoked the exemption 

provision, and ultimately to understand 

what if any effect the exemption 

provision has on the efficacy of 

Reliability Standard PRC–029–1. 

Therefore, we propose to direct that 

NERC submit two informational filings 

that provide details on requested 

exemptions from generator owners of 

legacy IBRs for frequency and/or voltage 

Ride-through requirements. 

I. Background 

A. Section 215 and Mandatory 

Reliability Standards 

6. Section 215 of the FPA provides 

that the Commission may certify an 

Electric Reliability Organization (ERO), 

the purpose of which is to develop 

mandatory and enforceable Reliability 

Standards, subject to Commission 

review and approval.8 Reliability 

Standards may be enforced by the ERO, 

subject to Commission oversight, or by 

the Commission independently.9

Pursuant to section 215 of the FPA, the 

Commission established a process to 

select and certify an ERO,10 and 

subsequently certified NERC.11

B. Order No. 901 

7. In Order No. 901, the Commission 

explained, among other things, that the 

majority of installed IBRs use gridfollowing inverters, which can track 

grid state parameters (e.g., voltage angle) 

in milliseconds and react nearly 

instantaneously to changing grid 

conditions.12 The Commission then 

explained that, as found by multiple 

NERC reports,13 some IBRs ‘‘are not 

configured or programmed to support 

grid voltage and frequency in the event 

of a system disturbance, and, as a result, 

will reduce power output, exhibit 

momentary cessation, or trip in 

response to variations in system voltage 

or frequency.’’ 14

8. In addition, the Commission 

explained that IBRs across the BulkPower System exhibit common mode 

failures that are amplified when IBRs 

act in the aggregate.15 ‘‘IBRs that enter 

momentary cessation may act in 

aggregate and cause a reduction in 

power output far in excess of any 

individual IBR’s impact on the BulkPower System.’’ 16 The Commission 

emphasized that the anticipated growth 

of IBRs would exacerbate these 

reliability concerns.17

9. Therefore, the Commission directed 

NERC to develop new or modified 

Reliability Standards pertaining to IBRs 

in four areas: (1) data sharing; (2) model 

validation; (3) planning and operational 

studies; and (4) performance 

requirements.18 The Commission 

required NERC to submit by November 

4, 2024 new or modified Reliability 

Standards that require registered IBR 

generator owners and operators to use 

appropriate settings ‘‘to ride through 

frequency and voltage system 

disturbances and that permit IBR 

tripping only to protect the IBR 

equipment in scenarios similar to when 

synchronous generation resources use 

tripping as protection from internal 

faults.’’ 19

10. The Commission mandated that 

the new or modified ride through 

Reliability Standards must require 

registered IBRs to continue to inject 

current and perform frequency support 

during Bulk-Power System 

disturbances. Additionally, the new or 

modified Reliability Standards must 

assure that registered IBR generator 

owners and operators continue to inject 

energy into the electric grid during 

disturbances, within an established notrip zone. Finally, the Commission 

directed that the new or modified 

Reliability Standards must establish 

requirements for frequency and voltage 

ride through, post disturbance ramp 

rates, phase lock loop synchronization, 

and other known causes of IBR tripping 

or momentary cessation.20

11. The Commission also recognized 

that some older IBRs may have 

hardware limitations that IBR owners 

would have to physically replace and 


ddrumheller on DSK120RN23PROD with PROPOSALS1
Federal Register / Vol. 90, No. 12 / Tuesday, January 21, 2025 / Proposed Rules 6847 

21 Id. P 193. 

22 Id. P 199. 

23Following the issuance of Order No. 901, NERC 

submitted an informational filing that included its 

Order No. 901 Work Plan with four key milestones 

for meeting the directives of Order No. 901. 

Milestone 1: submit Work Plan (completed Jan. 17, 

2024). Milestone 2: submit new or modified 

Reliability Standards to address performance 

requirements and post-event performance 

validation for registered IBRs (completed with 

NERC’s filing of three petitions on Nov. 4, 2024). 

Milestone 3: submit new or modified Reliability 

Standards to address data sharing and model 

validation by Nov. 4, 2025. Milestone 4: submit new 

or modified Reliability Standards to address 

planning and operational studies requirements for 

all IBRs by Nov. 4, 2026. NERC, Informational 

Filing Regarding the Development of Reliability 

Standards Responsive to Order No. 901, Docket No. 

RM22–12–000, at 6 (filed Jan. 17, 2024). 

24NERC Petition at 2–3, 5. Proposed Reliability 

Standards PRC–024–4 and PRC–029–1 are not 

attached to this notice of proposed rulemaking. The 

proposed Reliability Standards are available on the 

Commission’s eLibrary document retrieval system 

in Docket No. RM25–3–000 and on the NERC 

website, www.nerc.com. 

25 Id. at 1, 19. 

26 Id. Ex. D (Standards Development 

Consideration of Directives from FERC Order No. 

901). 

27 Id. at 23. 

28 Id. at 15. 

29On November 4, 2024, NERC concurrently filed 

along with other Milestone 2 Reliability Standards, 

a petition with the Commission for approval of its 

proposed definition for IBR as: 

A plant/facility consisting of individual devices 

that are capable of exporting Real Power through a 

power electronic interface(s) such as an inverter or 

converter, and that are operated together as a single 

resource at a common point of interconnection to 

the electric system. Examples include, but are not 

limited to, plants/facilities with solar photovoltaic 

(PV), Type 3 and Type 4 wind, battery energy 

storage system (BESS), and fuel cell devices. 

NERC, Petition for Approval of a New Term 

‘‘Inverter-Based Resource’’ Used in NERC 

Reliability Standards, Docket No. RD25–1–000, at 1 

(filed Nov. 4, 2024) (IBR Definition), currently 

pending before the Commission. 

30NERC Petition at 49. See IBR Definition. 

31NERC Petition at 49. 

32 Id. at 51. 

33 Id. at 25. 

34 Id. at 26. 

may have settings and configurations 

that IBR owners could not modify 

through software updates and in such 

circumstances could not implement 

voltage ride through performance 

requirements. Thus, the Commission 

directed NERC to ‘‘determine whether 

the new or modified Reliability 

Standards should provide for a limited 

and documented exemption for certain 

registered IBRs from voltage ride 

through performance requirements.’’ 21

The Commission added that if NERC 

determined that an exemption is 

appropriate, the new or modified 

Reliability Standards should mitigate 

the reliability impacts to the Bulk-Power 

System of such an exemption.22

II. NERC Petition 

12. On November 4, 2024,23 in 

response to Order No. 901, NERC 

submitted for Commission approval the 

proposed definition of the term Ridethrough for the NERC Glossary of 

Terms, proposed Reliability Standards 

PRC–024–4 and PRC–029–1, the 

associated violation risk factors and 

violation severity levels, 

implementation plans and effective 

dates for Reliability Standards PRC– 

024–4 and PRC–029–1, and the 

retirement of currently effective 

Reliability Standard PRC–024–3.24

NERC asserts that proposed Reliability 

Standards PRC–024–4 and PRC–029–1 

would ensure that applicable BulkPower System-connected resources 

Ride-through system disturbances, 

avoiding reliability risks associated with 

unnecessary tripping and momentary 

cessation.25 According to NERC, 

proposed Reliability Standard PRC– 

029–1 addresses 13 of the Order No. 901 

directives.26

A. Addition of Defined Term RideThrough to NERC Glossary of Terms 

13. NERC states that proposed 

Reliability Standard PRC–029–1 uses 

the term Ride-through, which NERC 

proposes to include in the NERC 

Glossary of Terms. NERC explains that 

the term Ride-through would mean that 

‘‘the plant/facility remains connected 

and continues to operate through 

voltage or frequency system 

disturbances.’’ 27

B. Proposed Reliability Standard PRC– 

024–4 

14. NERC explains that proposed 

Reliability Standard PRC–024–4 

removes language relating to IBR 

functionality in Requirements R1, R2, 

R3, and R4 because IBR performance 

requirements are included in proposed 

Reliability Standard PRC–029–1. 

Instead, proposed Reliability Standard 

PRC–024–4 would maintain capabilitybased requirements for synchronous 

generators, synchronous condensers, 

and type 1 and type 2 wind resources.28

NERC also notes that, consistent with 

the proposed definition for IBRs in the 

NERC Glossary of Terms,29 type 1 and 

type 2 wind resources, which operate as 

asynchronous resources and lack 

modern controllers capable of riding 

through system events as they do not 

have a power electronic device, are not 

considered IBRs.30 Moreover, NERC 

explains that, because synchronous 

units do not require performance-based 

requirements to Ride-through system 

disturbances, proposed Reliability 

Standard PRC–024–4 would continue to 

address Ride-through compatible 

frequency and voltage protection setting 

ranges for synchronous generators, 

synchronous condensers, and type 1 

and type 2 wind resources.31

15. NERC also includes minor edits in 

proposed Reliability Standard PRC– 

024–4 to maintain the Standard’s 

frequency and voltage protection 

capability-based requirements for 

synchronous resources. Specifically, 

NERC modified section 4.1.1 to restrict 

the applicability of proposed Reliability 

Standard PRC–024–4 to synchronous 

generators and type 1 and type 2 wind 

resources, and NERC added section 

4.2.2 to include synchronous 

condensers and associated equipment as 

applicable facilities.32 Further, NERC 

modified Requirements R1, R2, R3, and 

R4 to apply to transmission owners that 

apply frequency, voltage, and volts per 

hertz protection for their synchronous 

condensers. 

C. Proposed Reliability Standard PRC– 

029–1 

16. NERC explains that proposed 

Reliability Standard PRC–029–1 would 

address directives in Order No. 901 by 

establishing frequency and voltage Ridethrough performance requirements for 

generator owners of IBRs. 

1. Proposed Requirement R1 

17. Under proposed Requirement R1 

each generator owner of a NERCregistered IBR must ‘‘ensure the design 

and operation is such that each IBR 

meets or exceeds Ride-through 

requirements, in accordance with the 

‘must Ride-through zone’ as specified in 

Attachment 1’’ of proposed Reliability 

Standard PRC–029–1, except in the 

following four conditions specified by 

the Standard: 33

• The IBR needed to electrically 

disconnect in order to clear a fault; 

• The voltage at the high-side of the 

main power transformer went outside 

an accepted hardware limitation, in 

accordance with Requirement R4; 

• The instantaneous positive 

sequence voltage phase angle change is 

more than 25 electrical degrees at the 

high-side of the main power transformer 

and is initiated by a non-fault switching 

event on the transmission system; or 

• The Volts per Hz (V/Hz) at the highside of the main power transformer 

exceed 1.1 per unit for longer than 45 

seconds or exceed 1.18 per unit for 

longer than 2 seconds.34

18. NERC explains that it adopted the 

Institute of Electrical and Electronics 

Engineers (IEEE) standard 2800–2022’s 

(IEEE 2800–2022) terminology for ‘‘must 


ddrumheller on DSK120RN23PROD with PROPOSALS1
6848 Federal Register / Vol. 90, No. 12 / Tuesday, January 21, 2025 / Proposed Rules 

35 Id. at 27. 36Following the failure of the third ballot on 

proposed Reliability Standard PRC–024–4 and 

proposed Reliability Standard PRC–029–1, NERC 

convened a public technical conference under 

section 321 of the NERC Rules of Procedure to 

discuss issues surrounding the Order No. 901 

directives. Id. at 7. Section 321 of the NERC Rules 

of Procedure allows the NERC Board of Trustees to 

take special actions when a ballot pool has ‘‘failed 

to approve a proposed Reliability Standard that 

contains a provision to adequately address a 

specific matter identified in a directive issued’’ by 

the Commission. NERC, Rules of Procedure, Sec. 

321 (Nov. 28, 2023), https://www.nerc.com/ 

AboutNERC/RulesOfProcedure/ 

NERC%20ROP%20effective%2020240627_

with%20appendicies_signed.pdf. 

37NERC Petition at 27–28. 

38 Id. at 42. 

39 Id. 

40 Id. at 42–43. 

41 Id. at 29–33. 

42 Id. at 42. 

43 Id. at 33. 

44 Id. at 36. 

45 Id. at 42. 

46 Id. 

47 Id. at 36–37. 

48 Id. at 37. 

49 Id. at 40. 

50 Id. 

51 Id. at 38. 

52 Id. at 37. 

53 Id. at 41. 

ride-through zones,’’ which are defined 

in terms of voltage and frequency 

magnitude and time duration.35 NERC 

explains that it considered but 

ultimately rejected Ride-through criteria 

more stringent than set forth in IEEE 

2800–2022 due to industry comments 

raised during the IBR technical 

conference conveyed by NERC.36 But, 

NERC adds, the must Ride-through 

zones in proposed Requirement R1 are 

‘‘more similar’’ to IEEE 2800–2022’s 

Ride-through zones, are more robust 

than currently effective PRC–024–3, and 

are sufficient to address the 

recommendations NERC identified in 

response to reports and assessments 

analyzing IBR loss of power events.37

19. NERC asserts that proposed 

Requirement R1 is responsive to the 

directive that NERC develop 

performance-based Reliability Standards 

that require IBRs to ride through voltage 

system disturbances and require postdisturbance ramp rates to return to predisturbance levels.38 Similarly, NERC 

avers that proposed Requirement R1 is 

consistent with the directive that IBRs 

inject current and perform frequency 

support during a disturbance by 

requiring IBRs remain connected and 

fulfill control and regulation functions 

to Ride-through a system disturbance.39

Additionally, NERC asserts that the 

provision in proposed Requirement R1 

requiring IBRs to meet or exceed Ridethrough requirements in Attachment 1 

of proposed Reliability Standard PRC– 

029–1 that restricts the use of 

momentary cessation satisfies the 

directive to prohibit momentary 

cessation in the no-trip zone during 

disturbances.40

2. Proposed Requirement R2 

20. Under proposed Requirement R2, 

each generator owner of a NERCregistered IBR must adhere to voltage 

Ride-through performance criteria 

during system disturbances unless a 

documented hardware limitation exists 

in accordance with Requirement R4.41

Similar to Requirement R1, NERC 

asserts that proposed Requirement R2 

satisfies the following directives: (1) that 

NERC develop performance-based 

Reliability Standards that require IBRs 

to ride through voltage system 

disturbances; and (2) that IBRs inject 

current and perform frequency support 

during a disturbance by requiring IBRs 

remain connected and fulfill control and 

regulation functions to Ride-through a 

system disturbance.42

3. Proposed Requirement R3 

21. Under proposed Requirement R3, 

each generator owner of a NERCregistered IBR must ensure that its IBR 

adheres to Ride-through requirements 

during frequency excursion events by 

continuing to exchange current and 

remain electrically connected in 

accordance with the ‘‘must ride-through 

zone’’ as specified in the proposed 

Reliability Standard’s Attachment 2 and 

while the ‘‘absolute rate of change of 

frequency (RoCoF) magnitude is less 

than or equal to 5 Hz/second, unless a 

documented hardware limitation exists 

in accordance with Requirement R4.’’ 43

NERC explains that proposed 

Requirement R3 contains a wider 

frequency Ride-through band than 

presently exists in Reliability Standard 

PRC–024–3 and is consistent with IEEE 

2800–2022.44

22. NERC asserts that proposed 

Requirement R3 is responsive to the 

directive that NERC develop 

performance-based Reliability Standards 

that require IBRs to ride through 

frequency system disturbances.45

Additionally, NERC contends that 

proposed Requirement R3 satisfies the 

directive that IBRs inject current and 

perform frequency support during a 

disturbance by requiring IBRs remain 

connected and fulfill control and 

regulation functions to Ride-through a 

system disturbance.46

4. Proposed Requirement R4 

23. Proposed Requirement R4 would 

allow each generator owner of an 

existing legacy IBR, i.e., one in service 

by the effective date of PRC–029–1, to 

obtain an exemption to the voltage and 

frequency Ride-through requirements if 

the generator owner would need 

hardware replacements to comply with 

Requirements R1 through R3. 

Specifically, Requirement R4 provides 

that ‘‘[e]ach Generator Owner 

identifying an IBR that is in-service by 

the effective date of PRC–029–1, has 

known hardware limitations that 

prevent the IBR from meeting Ridethrough criteria as detailed in 

Requirements R1–R3, and requires an 

exemption from specific Ride-through 

criteria shall . . . [d]ocument 

information supporting the identified 

hardware limitation. . . .’’ 47 Each 

generator owner of an IBR must provide 

the information (unless it is considered 

proprietary by the original equipment 

manufacturer) to each planning 

coordinator, transmission planner, 

transmission operator, and reliability 

coordinator in the footprint in which 

the legacy IBR is located.48 Moreover, 

the generator owner must submit 

documentation to the relevant 

Compliance Enforcement Authority— 

typically a Regional Entity—that ‘‘must 

accept that all aspects of the 

documentation specified in proposed 

Requirement R4 have been provided by 

the Generator Owner before an 

exemption can [be] granted.’’ 49

According to NERC, this last 

requirement ‘‘would ensure that NERC 

has visibility into each hardware 

exemption that is granted and that [it 

has] been accurately limited to the 

particular limitation of the 

hardware.’’ 50

24. NERC explains that it determined 

that an exemption process for generator 

owners of legacy IBRs for voltage and 

frequency performance requirements is 

necessary. In its petition, NERC 

expressed concern that hardware 

limitations would lead entities to take 

units offline to retrofit IBRs or risk 

noncompliance and could determine 

that the economically prudent course of 

action is to retire the units.51 The 

implementation plan gives generator 

owners 12 months to request an 

exemption following the effective date 

of the Reliability Standard, after which 

NERC will not accept further exemption 

requests.52 If the hardware causing the 

limitation is replaced later, the 

generator owner must communicate this 

information to the planning coordinator, 

transmission planner, reliability 

coordinator, and transmission operator 

within 90 days of the hardware 

replacement and comply with 

Requirements R1 through R3.53 Further, 


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54 Id. at 39. 

55 Id. at 44. 

56 Id. at 38–39. 

57 Id. at 46. See also id. n.67 (providing as 

examples existing Reliability Standards IRO–002–7 

(Reliability Coordination—Monitoring and 

Analysis), IRO–008–3 (Reliability Coordinator 

Operational Analyses and Real-time Assessments), 

TOP–002–4 (Operations Planning), and TPL–001– 

5.1 (Transmission System Planning Performance 

Requirements)). 

58See supra note 23 for more information on the 

elements of the Order No. 901 Work Plan’s 

milestones. 

59NERC Petition at 46. 60 Id. at 38–41. 

NERC explains that the exemptions 

must be specific and limited to the 

voltage or frequency bands and 

associated duration that cannot be 

satisfied or as to the number of 

cumulative voltage deviations within a 

ten-second period that the equipment 

can Ride-through if it is less than four 

deviations within any ten-second 

period.54

25. NERC asserts that proposed 

Requirement R4 meets the directive that 

NERC determine whether the new or 

modified Reliability Standards provide 

an opportunity for certain generator 

owners of IBRs that are currently in 

operation and unable to meet 

performance requirements to request an 

exemption from voltage ride-through 

performance requirements.55 NERC 

determined that a frequency exemption 

was also necessary and appropriate 

because of hardware-based capability 

limitations for a significant amount of 

installed IBRs, a concern that was raised 

during the IBR technical conference 

convened by NERC.56

26. Regarding the Commission 

directive to NERC to develop new or 

modified Reliability Standards to 

mitigate the reliability impacts to the 

Bulk-Power System of approved 

exemptions, NERC claims that the 

reliability impacts of voltage and 

frequency ride-through exemptions are 

mitigated by existing Reliability 

Standards that address the 

responsibilities of transmission 

planners, planning coordinators, 

reliability coordinators, and 

transmission operators.57 Moreover, 

under Milestone 4 of the Order No. 901 

Work Plan,58 NERC indicates that it 

‘‘will develop Reliability Standards that 

will specifically require evaluations that 

include accurately-modeled 

performance capabilities of IBRs, 

inclusive of any documented Ridethrough criteria exemption accepted 

through the process detailed in 

proposed Reliability [Standard] PRC– 

029–1 Requirement R4, and that 

evaluate for reliability impacts’’ on the 

Bulk-Power System.59

III. Discussion 

27. Pursuant to section 215(d)(2) of 

the FPA, the Commission proposes to 

approve the proposed definition of 

Ride-through and proposed Reliability 

Standards PRC–024–4 and PRC–029–1 

as just, reasonable, not unduly 

discriminatory or preferential, and in 

the public interest. We also propose to 

approve the associated violation risk 

factors, violation severity levels, 

implementation plans, and effective 

dates of Reliability Standards PRC–024– 

4 and PRC–029–1, as well as to approve 

the retirement of currently effective 

Reliability Standard PRC–024–3. 

28. We propose to find that the 

proposed Reliability Standards are 

consistent with the performance 

requirement directives of Order No. 901 

as generator owners of NERC-registered 

IBRs will be subject to the Ride-through 

performance requirements of proposed 

Reliability Standard PRC–029–1 unless 

exempted under that standard. The 

Commission seeks comments on all 

aspects of these proposals. 

A. Proposal To Approve the Addition of 

Defined Term Ride-Through to NERC 

Glossary of Terms 

29. NERC’s proposed definition of the 

term Ride-through for inclusion in the 

NERC Glossary of Terms should provide 

a clear and consistent understanding of 

the term across all Reliability Standards, 

including proposed new or modified 

Reliability Standards filed with the 

Commission in response to various 

Order No. 901 directives. We therefore 

propose to approve the proposed 

definition of the term Ride-through for 

inclusion in the NERC Glossary of 

Terms. 

B. Proposal To Approve Proposed 

Reliability Standard PRC–024–4 

30. Proposed Reliability Standard 

PRC–024–4 should maintain the 

Reliability Standard’s frequency and 

voltage protection setting requirements 

as applicable to only synchronous 

generators, type 1 and 2 wind resources, 

and synchronous condensers. 

Specifically, synchronous generators, 

type 1 and 2 wind resources, and 

synchronous condensers will have to 

have voltage and frequency protection 

set to avoid tripping during defined 

frequency and voltage excursions. We 

believe that it is reasonable to remove 

references to IBRs in proposed 

Reliability Standard PRC–024–4 as IBRs 

would be subject to the Ride-through 

requirements in proposed Reliability 

Standard PRC–029–1. 

31. Therefore, we propose to approve 

proposed Reliability Standard PRC– 

024–4 as just, reasonable, not unduly 

discriminatory or preferential, and in 

the public interest. We seek comments 

on all aspects of our proposed approval 

of proposed Reliability Standard PRC– 

024–4. 

C. Proposal To Approve Proposed 

Reliability Standard PRC–029–1 

32. We propose to find that the 

proposed Reliability Standard PRC– 

029–1 responds to the relevant Order 

No. 901 Ride-through performance 

requirement directives. The Ridethrough provisions of proposed 

Requirements R1 through R3 would 

require that each generator owner of a 

NERC-registered IBR ensure that their 

IBR continues to inject current and 

perform frequency support during a 

Bulk-Power System disturbance and 

avoids momentary cessation in the notrip zone during a disturbance by 

meeting or exceeding the Ride-through 

requirements. Further, these proposed 

provisions establish specific 

requirements for frequency and voltage 

Ride-through, post-disturbance ramp 

rates, phase lock loop synchronization, 

and other known causes of IBR tripping 

or momentary cessation. The Ridethrough requirements of proposed 

Requirements R1 through R3 should 

strengthen the reliability of the BulkPower System by ensuring that IBRs are 

designed and operated to remain 

connected to the Bulk-Power system 

and continue to inject real and/or 

reactive current during system 

disturbances. 

33. The Commission proposes to find 

that NERC reasonably determined that 

an exemption process for generator 

owners of legacy IBRs for voltage and 

frequency performance requirements as 

set out in Requirement R4 is appropriate 

based on industry input during the 

standards drafting process, as explained 

in the NERC Petition.60 Regarding 

whether NERC met the Order No. 901 

directive to develop new or modified 

Reliability Standards to mitigate the 

reliability impacts to the Bulk-Power 

System of such exemptions, we will 

defer our determination until after 

NERC files Milestone 4 Reliability 

Standards with the Commission by 

November 4, 2026. As described by 

NERC’s petition, NERC is planning to 

meet this mitigation directive with its 

anticipated approach to Milestone 4 

Reliability Standards that will require 

accurate modeling of IBRs’ performance 

capabilities, including accepted Ridethrough criteria exemptions, and 


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61 Id. at 46. 

62See, e.g., Order No. 901, 185 FERC ¶ 61,042 at 

PP 1, 13, 190. 

63NERC Petition at 40 (explaining that under 

Requirement R4.2.2, NERC will work with regional 

entities to evaluate exemption submissions in a fair 

and consistent manner across the ERO Enterprise 

and NERC will monitor the disposition of requests 

as the proposed standard is implemented). 

64See supra P 35. 

65NERC estimates that 591 BES IBRs and a range 

of 588 to 922 non-BES IBRs, with a median of 755, 

will be subject to proposed Reliability Standard 

PRC–029–1 and the other Milestone 2 Reliability 

Standards that were filed in Docket Nos. RD25–2– 

000 and RD25–3–000. See NERC, Petition For 

Approval of Proposed Distribution Monitoring 

Reliability Standards PRC–028–1 and PRC–002–5, 

Docket No. RD25–2–000, at 41 n.60 (filed Nov. 4, 

2024) (description of NERC estimates of BES IBRs 

and the range of non-BES IBRs that would be 

subject to compliance with proposed Reliability 

Standard PRC–028–1). 

evaluate reliability impacts on the BulkPower System.61

34. The Commission seeks comments 

on its proposed approval of proposed 

Reliability Standard PRC–029–1. While 

we seek comments on all aspects of the 

proposed Reliability Standard, we are 

particularly interested in comments and 

supporting materials, where applicable, 

on concerns regarding: (1) the IBR 

performance requirement set forth in 

Requirement R1; (2) the absolute RoCoF 

in Requirement R3; and (3) the 

adequacy of NERC’s proposed 

exemption provision in Requirement R4 

as it pertains to both projects in service 

and those under contract, but not yet inservice as of the effective date of 

Reliability Standard PRC–029–1. 

Comments on whether the exemption 

provision is too broad or too narrow 

should address the risks and benefits of 

expanding or narrowing the exemption 

provision and should provide detailed, 

quantified, and fact-based support for 

their position. 

D. Proposed Directive for Informational 

Filings 

35. Finally, we propose to direct 

NERC to develop and submit two 

informational filings pertaining to 

requests for exemption by generator 

owners of legacy IBRs from frequency 

and/or voltage Ride-through 

requirements. While we understand the 

appropriateness of a limited exemption 

for certain legacy equipment that may 

otherwise not be able to comply with 

the proposed Ride-through 

requirements, we are concerned about 

the practical implications of the 

exemptions as proposed. Specifically, if 

too many generators are exempt from 

the frequency and/or voltage Ridethrough requirements, proposed 

Reliability Standard PRC–029–1 may 

fail to address the reliability gaps 

associated with IBRs tripping or 

entering momentary cessation in 

aggregate that it is intended to 

address.62 Accordingly, we propose that 

12 months and 24 months after the 

conclusion of the 12-month exemption 

request period, NERC submit an 

informational filing with the following 

data for (1) each Interconnection and (2) 

each reliability coordinator area (within 

that interconnection) within the United 

States: 

• Total number of IBRs for which 

NERC-registered generator owners will 

be subject to compliance with 

Reliability Standard PRC–029–1; 

• Aggregated megawatts (MW) 

capacity of IBRs for which NERCregistered generator owners will be 

subject to compliance with Reliability 

Standard PRC–029–1; 

• Total number of IBRs for which 

NERC-registered generator owners 

requested exemptions; 

• Aggregated MW capacity of IBRs for 

which NERC-registered generator 

owners requested exemptions; 

• Total number of IBRs for which 

NERC-registered generator owners were 

granted exemptions; 

• Aggregated MW capacity of IBRs for 

which NERC-registered generator 

owners were granted exemptions; 

• Total number of granted 

exemptions by exemption type (voltage 

and/or frequency); 

• Aggregated MW capacity of granted 

exemptions by exemption type (voltage 

and/or frequency); 

• Total number of granted 

exemptions by IBR type (wind, solar PV, 

BESS, fuel cell); and 

• Aggregated MW capacity of granted 

exemptions by IBR type (wind, solar PV, 

BESS, fuel cell). 

Additionally, we propose that each 

informational filing include an analysis 

of the reasons that entities provided for 

exemptions (both granted and denied),63

an evaluation of the efficacy of the 

exemption process, and any 

recommendations to modify either the 

substance or procedural aspects. 

IV. Information Collection Statement 

36. The FERC–725G information 

collection requirements are subject to 

review by the Office of Management and 

Budget (OMB) under section 3507(d) of 

the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995. 

OMB’s regulations require approval of 

certain information collection 

requirements imposed by agency rules. 

Upon approval of a collection of 

information, OMB will assign an OMB 

control number and expiration date. 

Respondents subject to the filing 

requirements will not be penalized for 

failing to respond to these collections of 

information unless the collections of 

information display a valid OMB 

control number. The Commission 

solicits comments on the need for this 

information, whether the information 

will have practical utility, the accuracy 

of the burden estimates, ways to 

enhance the quality, utility, and clarity 

of the information to be collected or 

retained, and any suggested methods for 

minimizing respondents’ burden, 

including the use of automated 

information techniques. 

37. The Commission bases its 

paperwork burden estimates on the 

additional paperwork burden presented 

by the proposed Reliability Standards 

PRC–024–4 and PRC–029–1, as 

modified and new Reliability Standards, 

respectively, and the proposed directive 

for NERC to submit two informational 

filings related to Ride-through 

exemption requests.64 Reliability 

Standards are objective-based and allow 

entities to choose compliance 

approaches best tailored to their 

systems. The NERC Compliance 

Registry, as of September 2024, 

identifies the following unique U.S. 

entities that are subject to mandatory 

compliance with Reliability Standard 

PRC–024–4: 1,230 generator owners will 

have an additional compliance burden. 

It is estimated that there will be no 

additional compliance burden for 

transmission owners that have 

synchronous condensers, as that data is 

not included in the NERC Compliance 

Registry, and transmission owners are 

already applicable to PRC–024–4. The 

estimated unique U.S. entities subject to 

Reliability Standard PRC–029–1 

compliance are based on numbers 

supplied by NERC, with 591 registered 

generator owners that own bulk electric 

system (BES) solar and wind facilities 

and a median of 755 generator owners 

that own non-BES facilities.65 Based on 

these assumptions, we estimate the 

following reporting burden: 


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66The ‘‘Number of Entity’’ data is compiled from 

the September 24, 2024, edition of the NERC 

Compliance Registry. 

67The estimated hourly cost (salary plus benefits) 

is a combination of the following categories from 

the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) website, http:// 

www.bls.gov/oes/current/naics2_22.htm: 75% of the 

average of an Electrical Engineer (17–2071) $79.31/ 

hr., 79.31 × .75 = 59.4825 ($59.48-rounded) ($59.48/ 

hour); and 25% of an Information and Record Clerk 

(43–4199) $44.74/hr., $44.74 × .25% = 11.185 

($11.19 rounded) ($11.19/hour), for a total 

($59.48+$11.19 = $70.67/hour). 

68The ‘‘Number of Entity’’ data is compiled from 

NERC’s petition for approval of proposed Reliability 

Standard PRC–028–1 in Docket No. RD25–2–000. 

NERC, Petition For Approval of Proposed 

Distribution Monitoring Reliability Standards PRC– 

028–1 and PRC–002–5, Docket No. RD25–2–000, at 

41 n.60 (filed Nov. 4, 2024). 

69The estimated hourly cost (salary plus benefits) 

is a combination of the following categories from 

the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) website, http:// 

www.bls.gov/oes/current/naics2_22.htm: 75% of the 

average of an Electrical Engineer (17–2071) $79.31/ 

hr., 79.31 × .75 = 59.4825 ($59.48-rounded) ($59.48/ 

hour); and 25% of an Information and Record Clerk 

(43–4199) $44.74/hr., $44.74 ×.25% = 11.185 

($11.19 rounded) ($11.19/hour), for a total 

($59.48+$11.19 = $70.67/hour). 

70Regulations Implementing the National 

Environmental Policy Act, Order No. 486, 52 FR 

47897 (Dec. 17, 1987), FERC Stats. & Regs. ¶ 30,783 

(1987) (cross-referenced at 41 FERC ¶ 61,284). 

71 18 CFR 380.4(a)(2)(ii). 

PROPOSED CHANGES IN BURDEN PRC–024–4 DOCKET NO. RM25–3–000 

Reliability standard Type and number of entity 66

Number of 

annual 

responses 

per entity 

Total number 

of responses 

Average number of 

burden hours 

per response 67

Total burden hours 

(1) (2) (1) * (2) = (3) (4) (3) * (4) = (5) 

Annual Collection PRC024–4 FERC–725G 

Annual review and record retention 1,230 (GO) .................................... 1 1,230 20 hrs. $70.67/hr ........ 24,600 hrs. $1,738,482 

Total for PRC–024–4 .............. ....................................................... .......................... 1,230 20 hrs. $70.67/hr ........ 24,600 hrs. $1,738,482 

PROPOSED BURDEN PRC–029–1 DOCKET NO. RM25–3–000 

Reliability standard Type and number of entity 68

Number of 

annual 

responses 

per entity 

Total number 

of responses 

Average number of 

burden hours 

per response 69

Total burden hours 

(1) (2) (1) * (2) = (3) (4) (3) * (4) = (5) 

Annual Collection PRC–029–1 FERC–725G 

Annual review and record retention 591 (BES IBR GO) ....................... 1 591 40 hrs. $70.67/hr ........ 23,640 hrs. $1,670,638.80 

755 (Non-BES IBR GO) ............... 1 755 80 hrs. $70.67/hr ........ 60,400 hrs. $4,268,468.00 

Total for PRC–024–4 .............. ....................................................... .......................... 1,346 ..................................... 84,040 hrs. $5,939,106.80 

38. The responses and burden hours 

for Years 1–3 will total respectively as 

follows: 

• Year 1–3 each: for proposed 

Reliability Standard PRC–024–4 will be 

1,230 responses; 24,600 hours; and 

• Year 1–3 each: for proposed 

Reliability Standard PRC–029–1 will be 

1,346 responses; 84,040 hours. 

• The annual cost burden for each 

year One to Three is $1,738,482 for 

proposed Reliability Standard PRC– 

024–4; and $5,939,106.80 for proposed 

Reliability Standard PRC–029–1. 

39. Title: Mandatory Reliability 

Standards, Revised Protection and 

Control Reliability Standards 

Action: Revision to FERC–725G 

information collection. 

OMB Control No.: 1902–0281. 

Respondents: Businesses or other forprofit institutions; not-for-profit 

institutions. 

Frequency of Responses: On 

Occasion. 

Necessity of the Information: This 

notice of proposed rulemaking proposes 

to approve the requested modifications 

to Reliability Standards pertaining to 

the protection and control of the BulkPower System. As discussed above, the 

Commission proposes to approve 

proposed Reliability Standards PRC 

024–4 and PRC–029–1 pursuant to 

section 215(d)(2) of the FPA because it 

establishes frequency and voltage Ridethrough requirements for IBRs. 

Additionally, the Commission proposes 

to direct NERC to file two informational 

filings with the Commission on Ridethrough exemption requests. 

Internal Review: The Commission has 

reviewed the proposed Reliability 

Standards and made a determination 

that its action is necessary to implement 

section 215 of the FPA. 

Interested persons may obtain 

information on the reporting 

requirements by contacting the 

following: Federal Energy Regulatory 

Commission, 888 First Street NE, 

Washington, DC 20426 [Attention: Kayla 

Williams, Office of the Executive 

Director, email: DataClearance@

ferc.gov, phone: (202) 502–8663, fax: 

(202) 273–0873]. 

40. For submitting comments 

concerning the collection(s) of 

information and the associated burden 

estimate(s), please send your comments 

to the Commission, and to the Office of 

Management and Budget, Office of 

Information and Regulatory Affairs, 

Washington, DC 20503 [Attention: Desk 

Officer for the Federal Energy 

Regulatory Commission, phone: (202) 

395–4638, fax: (202) 395–7285]. For 

security reasons, comments to OMB 

should be submitted by email to: oira_

submission@omb.eop.gov. Comments 

submitted to OMB should include 

Docket Number RM25–3–000 and OMB 

Control Number 1902–0281. 

V. Environmental Analysis 

41. The Commission is required to 

prepare an Environmental Assessment 

or an Environmental Impact Statement 

for any action that may have a 

significant adverse effect on the human 

environment.70 The Commission has 

categorically excluded certain actions 

from this requirement as not having a 

significant effect on the human 

environment. Included in the exclusion 

are rules that are clarifying, corrective, 

or procedural or that do not 

substantially change the effect of the 

regulations being amended.71 The 

actions proposed herein falls within this 

categorical exclusion in the 

Commission’s regulations. 


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6852 Federal Register / Vol. 90, No. 12 / Tuesday, January 21, 2025 / Proposed Rules 

72 5 U.S.C. 601–612. 

73 13 CFR 121.101. 

74 13 CFR 121.201, Subsector 221 (Utilities). 

75Many respondents serve multiple roles in the 

NERC Compliance Registry, so there is likely 

double counting in the estimates. 

VI. Regulatory Flexibility Act 

Certification 

42. The Regulatory Flexibility Act of 

1980 (RFA) 72 generally requires a 

description and analysis of proposed 

rules that will have significant 

economic impact on a substantial 

number of small entities. The Small 

Business Administration’s (SBA) Office 

of Size Standards develops the 

numerical definition of a small 

business.73 The SBA revised its size 

standard for electric utilities (effective 

March 17, 2023) to a standard based on 

the number of employees, including 

affiliates (from the prior standard based 

on megawatt hour sales).74

43. Proposed Reliability Standard 

PRC–024–4 (included in FERC–725G) 

will apply to approximately 1,230 

generator owners and proposed 

Reliability Standard PRC–029–1 

(included in FERC–725G) will apply to 

approximately 1,346 BES/IBR combined 

generator owners and non-generator 

owners in the United States.75 Pursuant 

to SBA regulations, the employment 

threshold for generator owners is 950 

employees. We estimate that the 

percentage of employees that are 

considered small to be 74.59% based on 

the North American Industry 

Classification System 221121 code 

(Electric Bulk Power Generation) and 

that the annual cost for each entity will 

be $1,413.40 for each generator owner 

and $2,826.80 for each BES IBR 

generator owner and $5,653.60 for each 

Non-BES IBR generator owner. 

44. We view this as a minimal 

economic impact for each entity. 

Accordingly, we certify that the 

proposed Reliability Standards PRC– 

024–4 and PRC–029–1 will not have a 

significant economic impact on a 

substantial number of small entities. 

Thus, no regulatory flexibility analysis 

is required. 

VII. Comment Procedures 

45. The Commission invites interested 

persons to submit comments on the 

matters and issues proposed in this 

notice to be adopted, including any 

related matters or alternative proposals 

that commenters may wish to discuss. 

Comments are due March 24, 2025. 

Comments must refer to Docket No. 

RM25–3–000, and must include the 

commenter’s name, the organization 

they represent, if applicable, and their 

address in their comments. All 

comments will be placed in the 

Commission’s public files and may be 

viewed, printed, or downloaded 

remotely as described in the Document 

Availability section below. Commenters 

on this proposal are not required to 

serve copies of their comments on other 

commenters. 

46. The Commission encourages 

comments to be filed electronically via 

the eFiling link on the Commission’s 

website at http://www.ferc.gov. The 

Commission accepts most standard 

word processing formats. Documents 

created electronically using word 

processing software must be filed in 

native applications or print-to-PDF 

format and not in a scanned format. 

Commenters filing electronically do not 

need to make a paper filing. 

47. Commenters that are not able to 

file comments electronically may file an 

original of their comment by USPS mail 

or by courier-or other delivery services. 

For submission sent via USPS only, 

filings should be mailed to: Federal 

Energy Regulatory Commission, Office 

of the Secretary, 888 First Street NE, 

Washington, DC 20426. Submission of 

filings other than by USPS should be 

delivered to: Federal Energy Regulatory 

Commission, 12225 Wilkins Avenue, 

Rockville, MD 20852. 

VIII. Document Availability 

48. In addition to publishing the full 

text of this document in the Federal 

Register, the Commission provides all 

interested persons an opportunity to 

view and/or print the contents of this 

document via the internet through the 

Commission’s Home Page (http://

www.ferc.gov). 

49. From the Commission’s Home 

Page on the internet, this information is 

available on eLibrary. The full text of 

this document is available on eLibrary 

in PDF and Microsoft Word format for 

viewing, printing, and/or downloading. 

To access this document in eLibrary, 

type the docket number excluding the 

last three digits of this document in the 

docket number field. 

50. User assistance is available for 

eLibrary and the Commission’s website 

during normal business hours from 

FERC Online Support at (202) 502–6652 

(toll free at 1–866–208–3676) or email at 

ferconlinesupport@ferc.gov, or the 

Public Reference Room at (202) 502– 

8371, TTY (202) 502–8659. Email the 

Public Reference Room at 

public.referenceroom@ferc.gov. 

By direction of the Commission. 

Issued: December 19, 2024. 

Debbie-Anne A. Reese, 

Secretary. 

[FR Doc. 2025–00263 Filed 1–17–25; 8:45 am] 

BILLING CODE 6717–01–P 

DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND 

SECURITY 

U.S. Customs and Border Protection 

DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY 

19 CFR Parts 10, 128, 143 

[USCBP–2025–0003] 

RIN 1685–AA02 

Trade and National Security Actions 

and Low-Value Shipments 

AGENCY: U.S. Customs and Border 

Protection, Department of Homeland 

Security; Department of the Treasury. 

ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking. 

SUMMARY: This document proposes 

amendments to the U.S. Customs and 

Border Protection (CBP) regulations 

pertaining to the administrative 

exemption for certain low-value 

shipments not exceeding $800. 

Specifically, CBP proposes to make 

merchandise that is subject to specified 

trade or national security actions 

ineligible for this administrative 

exemption and to require that certain 

shipments claiming this exemption 

provide the 10-digit Harmonized Tariff 

Schedule of the United States (HTSUS) 

classification of the merchandise. 

DATES: Comments must be received by 

March 24, 2025. 

ADDRESSES: Please submit comments, 

identified by docket number, by the 

following method: 

• Federal eRulemaking Portal: 

https://www.regulations.gov. Follow the 

instructions for submitting comments 

via docket number USCBP–2025–0003. 

Instructions: All submissions received 

must include the agency name and 

docket number for this rulemaking. All 

comments received will be posted 

without change to https://

www.regulations.gov, including any 

personal information provided. 

Comments must be submitted in 

English, or an English translation must 

be provided. 

Docket: For access to the docket to 

read background documents or 

comments received, go to https://

www.regulations.gov. In accordance 

with 5 U.S.C. 553(b)(4), a summary of 

this rule may also be found at https:// 

www.regulations.gov. 


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