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###### Department of Commerce

###### International Trade Administration

          - [A-570-188, A-557-832]

# AGENCY:

Enforcement and Compliance, International Trade Administration, Department of Commerce.

# DATES:

Applicable December 31, 2024.

# FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:

                        Dmitry Vladimirov (the People's Republic of China (China)) and Jeff Pedersen (Malaysia), AD/CVD Operations, Enforcement and Compliance, International Trade Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce, 1401 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20230; telephone:                               ( print page 1436)                            (202) 482-0665 and (202) 482-2769, respectively.                    

# SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

## The Petitions

                    On November 21, 2024, the U.S. Department of Commerce (Commerce) received antidumping duty (AD) petitions concerning imports of float glass products from China and Malaysia filed in proper form on behalf of Vitro Flat Glass, LLC and Vitro Meadville Flat Glass, LLC (the petitioner), a U.S. producer of float glass products.[1]                                          The AD Petitions were accompanied by countervailing duty (CVD) petitions concerning imports of float glass products from China and Malaysia.[2] 

                    Between November 25 and December 23, 2024, Commerce requested supplemental information pertaining to certain aspects of the Petitions in supplemental questionnaires.[3]                                          Between December 2 and 26, 2024, the petitioner filed timely responses to these requests for additional information.[4] 

                    On December 11, 2024, Commerce extended the initiation deadline by 20 days to poll the domestic industry in accordance with section 732(c)(4)(D) of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended (the Act), because it was “not clear from the Petitions whether the industry support criteria have been met. . ..” [5] 

In accordance with section 732(b) of the Act, the petitioner alleges that imports of float glass products from China and Malaysia are being, or are likely to be, sold in the United States at less than fair value (LTFV) within the meaning of section 731 of the Act, and that imports of such products are materially injuring, or threatening material injury to, the float glass products industry in the United States. Consistent with section 732(b)(1) of the Act, the Petitions were accompanied by information reasonably available to the petitioner supporting its allegations.

                    Commerce finds that the petitioner filed the Petitions on behalf of the domestic industry, because the petitioner is an interested party, as defined in section 771(9)(C) of the Act. Commerce also finds that the petitioner demonstrated sufficient industry support for the initiation of the requested LTFV investigations.[6] 

## Periods of Investigation

Because the Petitions were filed on November 21, 2024, pursuant to 19 CFR 351.204(b)(1), the period of investigation (POI) for the Malaysia LTFV investigation is October 1, 2023, through September 30, 2024. Because China is a non-market economy (NME) country, pursuant to 19 CFR 351.204(b)(1), the POI for the China LTFV investigation is April 1, 2024, through September 30, 2024.

## Scope of the Investigations

                    The products covered by these investigations are float glass products from China and Malaysia. For a full description of the scope of these investigations,                     *see*                     the appendix to this notice.                

## Comments on the Scope of the Investigations

                    Between November 25 and December 31, 2024, Commerce requested information and clarification from the petitioner regarding the proposed scope to ensure that the scope language in the Petitions is an accurate reflection of the products for which the domestic industry is seeking relief.[7]                                          Between December 2 and 31, 2024, the petitioner provided clarifications and revised the scope.[8]                                          The description of merchandise covered by these investigations, as described in the appendix to this notice, reflects these clarifications.                

                    As discussed in the                     *Preamble*                     to Commerce's regulations, we are setting aside a period for interested parties to raise issues regarding product coverage (                    *i.e.,*                     scope).[9]                                          Commerce will consider all scope comments received from interested parties and, if necessary, will consult with interested parties prior to the issuance of the preliminary determinations. If scope comments include factual information,[10]                                          all such factual information should be limited to public information. To facilitate preparation of its questionnaires, Commerce requests that scope comments be submitted by 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time (ET) on January 21, 2025, which is the next business day after 20 calendar days from the signature date of this notice.[11]                                          Any rebuttal comments, which may include factual information, and should also be limited to public information, must be filed by 5:00 p.m. ET on January 31, 2025, which is 10 calendar days from the initial comment deadline.                

Commerce requests that any factual information that parties consider relevant to the scope of these investigations be submitted during that period. However, if a party subsequently finds that additional factual information pertaining to the scope of the investigations may be relevant, the party must contact Commerce and request permission to submit the additional information. All scope comments must be filed simultaneously on the records of the concurrent LTFV and CVD investigations.

## Filing Requirements

                    All submissions to Commerce must be filed electronically via Enforcement and Compliance's Antidumping Duty and Countervailing Duty Centralized Electronic Service System (ACCESS), unless an exception applies.[12]                                          An                           ( print page 1437)                        electronically filed document must be received successfully in its entirety by the time and date it is due.                

## Comments on Product Characteristics

Commerce is providing interested parties with an opportunity to comment on the appropriate physical characteristics of float glass products to be reported in response to Commerce's AD questionnaires. This information will be used to identify the key physical characteristics of the subject merchandise in order to report the relevant factors of production (FOP) or cost of production (COP) accurately, as well as to develop appropriate product comparison criteria.

Interested parties may provide any information or comments that they feel are relevant to the development of an accurate list of physical characteristics. Specifically, they may provide comments as to which characteristics are appropriate to use as: (1) general product characteristics; and (2) product comparison criteria. We note that it is not always appropriate to use all product characteristics as product comparison criteria. We base product comparison criteria on meaningful commercial differences among products. In other words, although there may be some physical product characteristics utilized by manufacturers to describe float glass products, it may be that only a select few product characteristics take into account commercially meaningful physical characteristics. In addition, interested parties may comment on the order in which the physical characteristics should be used in matching products. Generally, Commerce attempts to list the most important physical characteristics first and the least important characteristics last.

                    In order to consider the suggestions of interested parties in developing and issuing the AD questionnaires, all product characteristics comments must be filed by 5:00 p.m. ET on January 21, 2025, which is the next business day after 20 calendar days from the signature date of this notice.[13]                                          Any rebuttal comments must be filed by 5:00 p.m. ET on January 31, 2025, which is 10 calendar days from the initial comment deadline. All comments and submissions to Commerce must be filed electronically using ACCESS, as explained above, on the record of each of the LTFV investigations.                

## Determination of Industry Support for the Petitions

Section 732(b)(1) of the Act requires that a petition be filed on behalf of the domestic industry. Section 732(c)(4)(A) of the Act provides that a petition meets this requirement if the domestic producers or workers who support the petition account for: (i) at least 25 percent of the total production of the domestic like product; and (ii) more than 50 percent of the production of the domestic like product produced by that portion of the industry expressing support for, or opposition to, the petition. Moreover, section 732(c)(4)(D) of the Act provides that, if the petition does not establish support of domestic producers or workers accounting for more than 50 percent of the total production of the domestic like product, Commerce shall: (i) poll the industry or rely on other information in order to determine if there is support for the petition, as required by subparagraph (A); or (ii) determine industry support using a statistically valid sampling method to poll the “industry.”

                    Section 771(4)(A) of the Act defines the “industry” as the producers as a whole of a domestic like product. Thus, to determine whether a petition has the requisite industry support, the statute directs Commerce to look to producers and workers who produce the domestic like product. The U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC), which is responsible for determining whether “the domestic industry” has been injured, must also determine what constitutes a domestic like product in order to define the industry. While both Commerce and the ITC apply the same statutory definition regarding the domestic like product,[14]                                          they do so for different purposes and pursuant to a separate and distinct authority. In addition, Commerce's determination is subject to limitations of time and information. Although this may result in different definitions of the like product, such differences do not render the decision of either agency contrary to law.[15] 

                    Section 771(10) of the Act defines the domestic like product as “a product which is like, or in the absence of like, most similar in characteristics and uses with, the article subject to an investigation under this title.” Thus, the reference point from which the domestic like product analysis begins is “the article subject to an investigation” (                    *i.e.,*                     the class or kind of merchandise to be investigated, which normally will be the scope as defined in the petition).                

                    With regard to the domestic like product, the petitioner does not offer a definition of the domestic like product distinct from the scope of the investigations.[16]                                          Based on our analysis of the information submitted on the record, we have defined a single domestic like product consisting of float glass products, as defined in the scope, and regardless of country of origin of the primary float glass,[17]                                          and we have analyzed industry support in terms of that domestic like product.[18]                                          While Commerce's definition of the domestic like product is broader than the petitioner's definition, we find that expansion of the domestic like product definition is appropriate in this case in order to ensure a fair assessment of the domestic industry for purposes of measuring industry support. This is consistent with Commerce's broad discretion to define and clarify the scope of an AD investigation in a manner that reflects the intent of the Petitions.[19] 
      ( print page 1438)    
                    On December 11, 2024, Commerce extended the initiation deadline by 20 days to poll the industry in accordance with section 732(c)(4)(D) of the Act, because it was “not clear from the Petitions whether the industry support criteria have been met. . . .” [20]                                          On December 13, 2024, we issued polling questionnaires to all known producers identified in the Petitions.[21]                                          We requested that the companies complete the polling questionnaire and certify their responses by the due date specified in the cover letter to the questionnaire.[22]                                          The petitioner provided comments on the polling questionnaire responses on December 26, 2024.[23]                                          Xinyi [24]                                          provided rebuttal comments on December 30, 2024.[25] 

                    Our analysis of the data we received in the polling questionnaire responses indicates that the domestic producers and workers who support the Petitions account for at least 25 percent of the total production of the domestic like product and more than 50 percent of the production of the domestic like product produced by that portion of the industry expressing support for, or opposition to, the Petitions.[26]                                          Accordingly, Commerce determines that the industry support requirements of section 732(c)(4)(A) of the Act have been met and that the Petitions were filed on behalf of the domestic industry within the meaning of section 732(b)(1) of the Act.[27] 

## Allegations and Evidence of Material Injury and Causation

                    The petitioner alleges that the U.S. industry producing the domestic like product is being materially injured, or is threatened with material injury, by reason of the imports of the subject merchandise sold at LTFV. In addition, the petitioner alleges that subject imports from China and Malaysia exceed the negligibility threshold provided for under section 771(24)(A) of the Act.[28] 

                    The petitioner contends that the industry's injured condition is illustrated by the significant and increasing volume of subject imports; reduced market share; underselling and price depression and/or suppression; lost sales and revenues; and decline in the domestic industry's production, capacity utilization, sales, employment, and financial performance.[29]                                          We assessed the allegations and supporting evidence regarding material injury, threat of material injury, causation, cumulation, as well as negligibility, and we have determined that these allegations are properly supported by adequate evidence and meet the statutory requirements for initiation.[30] 

## Allegations of Sales at LTFV

The following is a description of the allegations of sales at LTFV upon which Commerce based its decision to initiate LTFV investigations of imports of float glass products from China and Malaysia. The sources of data for the deductions and adjustments relating to U.S. price and normal value (NV) are discussed in greater detail in the Country-Specific AD Initiation Checklists.

## U.S. Price

                    For China and Malaysia, the petitioner based export price (EP) on transaction-specific average unit values (AUVs) (                    *i.e.,*                     month- and port-specific AUVs) derived from official import data and tied to ship manifest data.[31]                                          For each country, the petitioner made certain adjustments to U.S. price to calculate a net ex-factory U.S. price, where applicable.[32] 

##                     Normal Value [33] 

                    For Malaysia, the petitioner states that it was unable to obtain home market or third country pricing information for float glass products to use as a basis for NV.[34]                                          Therefore, for Malaysia, the petitioner based NV on CV.[35]                                          For further discussion of CV for Malaysia,                     *see*                     the section “Normal Value Based on Constructed Value,” below.                

                    Commerce considers China to be an NME country.[36]                                          In accordance with section 771(18)(C)(i) of the Act, any determination that a foreign country is an NME country shall remain in effect until revoked by Commerce. Therefore, we continue to treat China as an NME country for purposes of the initiation of the China LTFV investigation. Accordingly, we base NV on FOPs valued in a surrogate market economy country in accordance with section 773(c) of the Act.                

                    The petitioner claims that the Republic of Türkiye (Türkiye) is an appropriate surrogate country for China because it is a market economy that is at a level of economic development comparable to that of China and is a significant producer of comparable merchandise.[37]                                          The petitioner provided publicly available information from Türkiye to value all FOPs.[38]                                          Based on the information provided by the petitioner, we believe it is appropriate to use Türkiye as a surrogate country for China to value all FOPs for initiation purposes.                

Interested parties will have the opportunity to submit comments regarding surrogate country selection and, pursuant to 19 CFR 351.301(c)(3)(i), will be provided an opportunity to submit publicly available information to value FOPs within 30 days before the scheduled date of the preliminary determinations.

## Factors of Production

                    Because information regarding the volume of inputs consumed by Chinese producers/exporters was not reasonably available, the petitioner used its own production experience and product-specific consumption rates as a surrogate to value Chinese manufacturers' FOPs.[39]                                          Additionally, the petitioner calculated factory overhead, selling, general, and administrative (SG&A) expenses, and                           ( print page 1439)                        profit based on the experience of a Turkish producer of identical merchandise.[40] 

## Normal Value Based on Constructed Value

                    As noted above for Malaysia, the petitioner was unable to obtain home market or third country pricing information for float glass products to use as the basis for NV.[41]                                          Therefore, for Malaysia, the petitioner calculated NV based on CV.[42] 

                    Pursuant to section 773(e) of the Act, for Malaysia, the petitioner calculated CV as the sum of the cost of manufacturing, SG&A expenses, financial expenses, and profit.[43]                                          For Malaysia, in calculating the cost of manufacturing, the petitioner relied on its own experience and product-specific consumption rates, valued using publicly available information in Malaysia, where applicable.[44]                                          For Malaysia, in calculating SG&A expenses, financial expenses, and profit ratios, the petitioner relied on the fiscal year 2023 financial statements of a Malaysian producer of comparable merchandise.[45] 

## Fair Value Comparisons

                    Based on the data provided by the petitioner, there is reason to believe that imports of float glass products from China and Malaysia are being, or are likely to be, sold in the United States at LTFV. Based on comparisons of EP to NV in accordance with sections 772 and 773 of the Act, the estimated dumping margins for float glass products for each of the countries covered by this initiation are as follows: (1) China—181.54 to 311.81 percent; and (2) Malaysia—66.24 to 1180.00 percent.[46] 

## Initiation of LTFV Investigations

Based upon the examination of the Petitions and supplemental responses, we find that they meet the requirements of section 732 of the Act. Therefore, we are initiating LTFV investigations to determine whether imports of float glass products from China and Malaysia are being, or are likely to be, sold in the United States at LTFV. In accordance with section 733(b)(1)(A) of the Act and 19 CFR 351.205(b)(1), unless postponed, we will make our preliminary determinations no later than 140 days after the date of these initiations.

## Respondent Selection

### Malaysia

                    In the Petitions, the petitioner identified four companies in Malaysia as producers/exporters of float glass products.[47]                                          Following standard practice in LTFV investigations involving market economy countries, in the event Commerce determines that the number of companies is large, and it cannot individually examine each company based upon Commerce's resources, where appropriate, Commerce intends to select mandatory respondents based on U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) data for imports under the appropriate Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTSUS) subheading(s) listed in the “Scope of the Investigations,” in the appendix.                

                    On December 30 2024, Commerce released CBP data on imports of float glass products from Malaysia under administrative protective order (APO) to all parties with access to information protected by APO and indicated that interested parties wishing to comment on CBP data and/or respondent selection must do so within three business days of the publication date of the notice of initiation of these investigations.[48]                                          Comments must be filed electronically using ACCESS. An electronically filed document must be received successfully in its entirety via ACCESS by 5:00 p.m. ET on the specified deadline. Commerce will not accept rebuttal comments regarding the CBP data or respondent selection.                

                    Interested parties must submit applications for disclosure under APO in accordance with 19 CFR 351.305(b). Instructions for filing such applications may be found on Commerce's website at                     *https://www.trade.gov/​administrative-protective-orders.*

### China

                    In the Petitions, the petitioner identified eight companies in China as producers and/or exporters of float glass products.[49]                                          Our standard practice for respondent selection in AD investigations involving NME countries is to select respondents based on quantity and value (Q&V) questionnaires in cases where Commerce has determined that the number of companies is large, and it cannot individually examine each company based upon its resources. Therefore, considering the number of producers and/or exporters identified in the Petitions, Commerce will solicit Q&V information that can serve as a basis for selecting exporters for individual examination in the event that Commerce determines that the number is large and decides to limit the number of respondents individually examined pursuant to section 777A(c)(2) of the Act. Because there are eight Chinese producers and/or exporters identified in the Petitions, Commerce has determined that it will issue Q&V questionnaires to each potential respondent in China for which there is complete address information on the record.                

                    Commerce will post the Q&V questionnaires along with filing instructions on Commerce's website at                     *https://www.trade.gov/​ec-adcvd-case-announcements.*                     Producers/exporters of float glass products from China that do not receive Q&V questionnaires may still submit a response to the Q&V questionnaire and can obtain a copy of the Q&V questionnaire from Commerce's website. Responses to the Q&V questionnaire must be submitted by the relevant Chinese producers/exporters no later than 5:00 p.m. ET on January 14, 2025, which is two weeks from the signature date of this notice. All Q&V questionnaire responses must be filed electronically via ACCESS. An electronically filed document must be received successfully, in its entirety, by ACCESS no later than 5:00 p.m. ET on the deadline noted above.                

                    Interested parties must submit applications for disclosure under APO in accordance with 19 CFR 351.305(b). As stated above, instructions for filing such applications may be found on Commerce's website at                     *https://www.trade.gov/​administrative-protective-orders.*

## Separate Rates

                    In order to obtain separate rate status in an NME investigation, exporters and producers must submit a separate rate application. The specific requirements for submitting a separate rate application in an NME investigation are outlined in detail in the application itself, which is available on Commerce's website at                     *https://access.trade.gov/​Resources/​nme/​nme-sep-rate.html.*                     The separate rate application will be due 30 days after publication of this initiation notice. Exporters and producers must file a timely separate rate application if they want to be considered for individual examination. Exporters and producers who submit a separate rate application and have been selected as mandatory respondents will be eligible                           ( print page 1440)                        for consideration for separate rate status only if they respond to all parts of Commerce's AD questionnaire as mandatory respondents. Commerce requires that companies from China submit a response both to the Q&V questionnaire and to the separate rate application by the respective deadlines to receive consideration for separate rate status. Companies not filing a timely Q&V questionnaire response will not receive separate rate consideration.                

## Use of Combination Rates

Commerce will calculate combination rates for certain respondents that are eligible for a separate rate in an NME investigation. The Separate Rates and Combination Rates Bulletin states:

                        {w}hile continuing the practice of assigning separate rates only to exporters, all separate rates that {Commerce} will now assign in its NME investigation will be specific to those producers that supplied the exporter during the period of investigation. Note, however, that one rate is calculated for the exporter and all of the producers which supplied subject merchandise to it during the period of investigation. This practice applies both to mandatory respondents receiving an individually calculated separate rate as well as the pool of non-investigated firms receiving the {weighted average} of the individually calculated rates. This practice is referred to as the application of “combination rates” because such rates apply to specific combinations of exporters and one or more producers. The cash-deposit rate assigned to an exporter will apply only to merchandise both exported by the firm in question                         *and*                         produced by a firm that supplied the exporter during the period of investigation.[50] 

## Distribution of Copies of the Petitions

In accordance with section 732(b)(3)(A) of the Act and 19 CFR 351.202(f), copies of the public version of the Petitions have been provided to the governments of China and Malaysia via ACCESS. To the extent practicable, we will attempt to provide a copy of the public version of the Petitions to each exporter named in the Petitions, as provided under 19 CFR 351.203(c)(2).

## ITC Notification

Commerce will notify the ITC of our initiation, as required by section 732(d) of the Act.

## Preliminary Determinations by the ITC

                    The ITC will preliminarily determine, within 25 days after the date on which the ITC receives notice from Commerce of initiation of the investigation, whether there is a reasonable indication that imports of float glass products from China and/or Malaysia are materially injuring, or threatening material injury to, a U.S. industry.[51]                                          A negative ITC determination for any country will result in the investigation being terminated with respect to that country.[52]                                          Otherwise, these LTFV investigations will proceed according to statutory and regulatory time limits.                

## Submission of Factual Information

                    Factual information is defined in 19 CFR 351.102(b)(21) as: (i) evidence submitted in response to questionnaires; (ii) evidence submitted in support of allegations; (iii) publicly available information to value factors under 19 CFR 351.408(c) or to measure the adequacy of remuneration under 19 CFR 351.511(a)(2); (iv) evidence placed on the record by Commerce; and (v) evidence other than factual information described in (i)-(iv). Section 351.301(b) of Commerce's regulations requires any party, when submitting factual information, to specify under which subsection of 19 CFR 351.102(b)(21) the information is being submitted [53]                                          and, if the information is submitted to rebut, clarify, or correct factual information already on the record, to provide an explanation identifying the information already on the record that the factual information seeks to rebut, clarify, or correct.[54]                                          Time limits for the submission of factual information are addressed in 19 CFR 351.301, which provides specific time limits based on the type of factual information being submitted. Interested parties should review the regulations prior to submitting factual information in these investigations.                

## Particular Market Situation Allegation

                    Section 773(e) of the Act addresses the concept of particular market situation (PMS) for purposes of CV, stating that “if a particular market situation exists such that the cost of materials and fabrication or other processing of any kind does not accurately reflect the cost of production in the ordinary course of trade, the administering authority may use another calculation methodology under this subtitle or any other calculation methodology.” When an interested party submits a PMS allegation pursuant to section 773(e) of the Act (                    *i.e.,*                     a cost-based PMS allegation), the submission must be filed in accordance with the requirements of 19 CFR 351.416(b), and Commerce will respond to such a submission consistent with 19 CFR 351.301(c)(2)(v). If Commerce finds that a cost-based PMS exists under section 773(e) of the Act, then it will modify its dumping calculations appropriately.                

Neither section 773(e) of the Act, nor 19 CFR 351.301(c)(2)(v), sets a deadline for the submission of cost-based PMS allegations and supporting factual information. However, in order to administer section 773(e) of the Act, Commerce must receive PMS allegations and supporting factual information with enough time to consider the submission. Thus, should an interested party wish to submit a cost-based PMS allegation and supporting new factual information pursuant to section 773(e) of the Act, it must do so no later than 20 days after submission of a respondent's initial section D questionnaire response.

                    We note that a PMS allegation filed pursuant to sections 773(a)(1)(B)(ii)(III) or 773(a)(1)(C)(iii) of the Act (                    *i.e.,*                     a sales-based PMS allegation) must be filed within 10 days of submission of a respondent's initial section B questionnaire response, in accordance with 19 CFR 351.301(c)(2)(i) and 19 CFR 351.404(c)(2).                

## Extensions of Time Limits

                    Parties may request an extension of time limits before the expiration of a time limit established under 19 CFR 351.301, or as otherwise specified by Commerce. In general, an extension request will be considered untimely if it is filed after the expiration of the time limit established under 19 CFR 351.301, or as otherwise specified by Commerce.[55]                                          For submissions that are due from multiple parties simultaneously, an extension request will be considered untimely if it is filed after 10:00 a.m. ET on the due date. Under certain circumstances, Commerce may elect to specify a different time limit by which extension requests will be considered untimely for submissions which are due from multiple parties simultaneously. In such a case, we will inform parties in a letter or memorandum of the deadline (including a specified time) by which extension requests must be filed to be considered timely. An extension request must be made in a separate, standalone submission; under limited circumstances we will grant untimely filed requests for the extension of time                           ( print page 1441)                        limits, where we determine, based on 19 CFR 351.302, that extraordinary circumstances exist. Parties should review Commerce's regulations concerning the extension of time limits and the                     *Time Limits Final Rule*                     prior to submitting factual information in these investigations.[56] 

## Certification Requirements

                    Any party submitting factual information in an AD or CVD proceeding must certify to the accuracy and completeness of that information.[57]                                          Parties must use the certification formats provided in 19 CFR 351.303(g).[58]                                          Commerce intends to reject factual submissions if the submitting party does not comply with the applicable certification requirements.                

## Notification to Interested Parties

                    Interested parties must submit applications for disclosure under APO in accordance with 19 CFR 351.305. Parties wishing to participate in these investigations should ensure that they meet the requirements of 19 CFR 351.103(d) (                    *e.g.,*                     by filing the required letter of appearance). Note that Commerce has amended certain of its requirements pertaining to the service of documents in 19 CFR 351.303(f).[59] 

This notice is issued and published pursuant to sections 732(c)(2) and 777(i) of the Act, and 19 CFR 351.203(c).

Dated: December 31, 2024.

Abdelali Elouaradia,

Deputy Assistant Secretary for Enforcement and Compliance.

# Appendix

## Scope of the Investigations

The scope of these investigations covers float glass products (FGP), which are articles of soda-lime-silica glass that are manufactured by floating a continuous strip of molten glass over a smooth bath of tin (or another liquid metal with a density greater than molten glass), cooling the glass in an annealing lehr, and cutting it to appropriate dimensions. For purposes of the investigations, float glass products have an actual thickness of at least 2.0 mm (0.0787 inches) and an actual surface area of at least 0.37 square meters (4.0 square feet).

The country of origin of each float glass product is determined by the location where the soda-lime-silica glass is first manufactured by floating a continuous strip of molten glass over a smooth bath of tin and cooling the glass in an annealing lehr, regardless of the location of any downstream finishing or fabrication operations.

Prior to being subjected to further treatment, finishing, or fabrication, float glass products meet the requirements of Type I under ASTM-C1036 of the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM).

                        Float glass products may be clear, stained, tinted, or coated with one or more materials. Examples of coated float glass products include Low-E architectural glass (                        *i.e.,*                         glass with a low emissivity coating to limit the penetration of radiant heat energy) and frameless mirrors (                        *i.e.,*                         flat glass with a silver, aluminum, or other reflective layer) such as mirror stock sheet.                    

Float glass products may be annealed, chemically strengthened, heat strengthened, or tempered to achieve a desired surface compression, pursuant to ASTM-C1048, ASTM-C1422/C1422M, or other similar specifications.

                        Float glass products include tub and shower enclosures (                        *i.e.,*                         doors and panels) made of tempered glass, which may be sold with attached or unattached hardware. In such cases, the scope covers only the tempered glass, to the exclusion of any non-glass hardware.                    

                        The only float glass product assemblies included within the scope are: (1) articles consisting of two of more sheets of float glass that are bonded together using a polymer interlayer (                        *i.e.,*                         laminated glass); (2) insulating glass units (IGUs), which consist of two or more sheets of float glass separated by a spacer material and hermetically sealed together at the edge in order to create a thermal barrier using air or one or more gases; and (3) LED mirrors (                        *i.e.,*                         float glass mirrors with one or more light-emitting diodes integrated with the mirror, as well as framed float glass mirrors with one or more light-emitting diodes integrated with the mirror or the mirror frame, but without other electronic functionality).                    

Float glass products covered by the scope may meet one or more of the ASTM-C162, ASTM-C1036, ASTM-C1048, ASTM-C1172, ASTM-C1349, ASTM-C1376, ASTM-C1422/C1422M, ASTM-C1464, ASTM-C1503, ASTM-C1651, ASTM-E1300, and ASTM-E2190 specifications, definitions, and/or standards.

                        Float glass products may be further worked, including, but not limited to, operations such as: cutting; beveling; edging; notching; drilling; etching; bending; curving; chipping; embossing; engraving; surface grinding; or polishing; and sandblasting (                        *i.e.,*                         using high velocity air to stream abrasive particles and thereby impart a frosted aesthetic to the glass surface). A float glass product which undergoes further work remains within the scope so long as the soda-lime-silica glass originally satisfied the requirements of ASTM-C1036 Type I and was first manufactured in a subject country, regardless of where it is further worked.                    

                        Excluded from the scope are: (1) wired glass (                        *i.e.,*                         glass with a layer of wire mesh embedded within); (2) patterned flat glass (                        *i.e.,*                         rolled glass with a pattern impressed on one or both sides) meeting the requirements of Type II under ASTM-C1036, including greenhouse glass and patterned solar glass (                        *i.e.,*                         photovoltaic glass with a textured surface); (3) safety glazing materials for vehicles certified to American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Standard Z26.1; (4) vacuum insulating glass (VIG) units, which consist of two or more sheets of float glass separated by a spacer material, with at least one hermetically sealed compartment that uses a gas-free vacuum as a thermal barrier; (5) framed mirrors without any LEDs integrated with the mirror or the mirror frame; (6) unframed “over-the-door” mirrors that are ready for use as imported without undergoing after importation any processing, finishing, or fabrication; and (7) heat-strengthened washing machine lid glass with an actual surface area less than 6.0 square feet (0.56 square meters).                    

                        Also excluded from the scope of the investigations are: (1) soda-lime-silica glass containing less than 0.01 percent iron oxide by weight, annealed with a surface compression less than 3,500 pounds per square inch (PSI), having a transparent conductive oxide base coating (                        *e.g.,*                         tin oxide), and with an actual thickness less than or equal to 4.0 mm (0.1575 inches) (                        *i.e.,*                         “coated solar glass”); and (2) heat treated soda-lime-silica glass with a surface compression between 3,500 and 10,000 PSI, containing two or more drilled holes, and having an actual thickness less than 2.5 mm (0.0984 inches) (                        *i.e.,*                         “clear back solar glass”). Solar glass products (also known as photovoltaic glass) are designed to facilitate the conversion of solar energy into electricity.                    

                        Also excluded from the scope of the investigations are any products already covered by the scope of any extant antidumping and/or countervailing duty orders, including                         *Aluminum Extrusions from the People's Republic of China: Antidumping Duty Order,*76 FR 30650 (May 26, 2011), and                         *Aluminum Extrusions from the People's Republic of China: Countervailing Duty Order,*76 FR 30653 (May 26, 2011).                    

The products subject to the investigations are currently classifiable under subheadings 7005.10.8000, 7005.21.1010, 7005.21.1030, 7005.21.2000, 7005.29.1810, 7005.29.1850, 7005.29.2500, 7007.29.0000, 7008.00.0000, 7009.91.5010, 7009.91.5095, and 7009.92.5010 of the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTSUS). Products subject to the investigations may also enter under HTSUS subheadings 7006.00.4010, 7006.00.4050, and 7007.19.0000. Although the HTSUS subheadings are provided for convenience and customs purposes, the written description of the scope of the investigations is dispositive.

# Footnotes

1.                                                     *See*                         Petitioner's Letter, “Petitions for the Imposition of Antidumping and Countervailing Duties,” dated November 21, 2024 (Petitions).                    
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2.                                                     *Id.*
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3.                                                     *See*                         Commerce's Letters, “Supplemental Questions,” dated November 26, 2024 (First General Issues Questionnaire);                         *see also*                         Country-Specific AD Supplemental Questionnaires: China Supplemental and Malaysia AD Supplemental, dated November 22, 2024; Memorandum, “Phone Call with Counsel to the Petitioner,” dated December 4, 2024 (December 4, 2024, Memorandum); Memorandum, “Phone Call with Counsel to the Petitioner,” dated December 9, 2024 (December 9, 2024, Memorandum); and Memorandum, “Phone Call with Counsel to the Petitioner,” dated December 23, 2024 (December 23, 2024, Memorandum).                    
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4.                                                     *See*                         Petitioner's Letters, “Amendments to Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Petitions; Volume SI—General Issues and Injury,” dated December 2, 2024 (First GeneralIssuesSupplement), “Amendments to Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Petitions; Volume SS—Second Supplemental Responses,” dated December 6, 2024 (Second GeneralIssues Supplement), and “Amendments to Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Petitions; Volume SSS—Third Supplemental Responses,” dated December 10, 2024 (Third GeneralIssuesSupplement);                         *see also*                         Country-Specific AD Supplemental Responses: China AD Supplement and Malaysia AD Supplement, dated November 27, 2024; and Petitioner's Letter, “Amendments to Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Petitions—Exhibit SSSS-1,” dated December 26, 2024 (Revised Scope).                    
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5.                                                     *See Notice of Extension of the Deadline for Determining the Adequacy of the Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Petitions: Float Glass Products from the People's Republic of China and Malaysia,*89 FR 102113, 102114 (December 17, 2024) (                        *Initiation Extension Notice*).                    
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6.                                                     *See*                         section on “Determination of Industry Support for the Petitions,”                         *infra.*
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7.                                                     *See*                         First General Issues Questionnaire;                         *see also*                         December 4, 2024, Memorandum; December 9, 2024, Memorandum; and December 23, 2024, Memorandum, and Memorandum, “Phone Call with Counsel to the Petitioner,” dated December 31, 2024 (December 31, 2024, Memorandum).                    
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8.                                                     *See*                         First General Issues Supplement at SI-1 through SI-5 and Exhibits SI-1 and SI-2;                         *see also*                         Second General Issues Supplement at SS-1 through SS-3 and Exhibits SS-1 and SS-2; Third General Issues Supplement at SSS-1 through SSS-7 and Exhibit SSS-1; Revised Scope at Exhibit SSSS-1; and December 31, 2024, Memorandum.                    
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9.                                                     *See Antidumping Duties; Countervailing Duties, Final Rule,*62 FR 27296, 27323 (May 19, 1997) (                        *Preamble*);                         *see also*19 CFR 351.312.                    
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10.                                                     *See*19 CFR 351.102(b)(21) (defining “factual information”).                    
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11.                                                     *See*19 CFR 351.303(b)(1). The deadline for scope comments falls on January 20, 2025, which is a federal holiday. In accordance with 19 CFR 351.303(b)(1), Commerce will accept comments filed by 5:00 p.m. ET on January 21, 2025 (“For both electronically filed and manually filed documents, if the applicable due date falls on a non-business day, the Secretary will accept documents that are filed on the next business day.”).                    
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12.                                                     *See Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Proceedings: Electronic Filing Procedures;                                                         Administrative Protective Order Procedures,*76 FR 39263 (July 6, 2011);                         *see also Enforcement and Compliance: Change of Electronic Filing System Name,*79 FR 69046 (November 20, 2014) for details of Commerce's electronic filing requirements, effective August 5, 2011. Information on using ACCESS can be found at                         *https://access.trade.gov/​help.aspx*                         and a handbook can be found at                         *https://access.trade.gov/​help/​Handbook_​on_​Electronic_​Filing_​Procedures.pdf.*
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13.                                                     *See*19 CFR 351.303(b)(1). The deadline for comments on product characteristics falls on January 20, 2025, which is a federal holiday. In accordance with 19 CFR 351.303(b)(1), Commerce will accept comments filed by 5:00 p.m. ET on January 21, 2025 (“For both electronically filed and manually filed documents, if the applicable due date falls on a non-business day, the Secretary will accept documents that are filed on the next business day.”).                    
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14.                                                     *See*                         section 771(10) of the Act.                    
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15.                                                     *See USEC, Inc.*                         v.                         *United States,*                         132 F. Supp. 2d 1, 8 (CIT 2001) (citing                         *Algoma Steel Corp., Ltd.*                         v.                         *United States,*                         688 F. Supp. 639, 644 (CIT 1988),                         *aff'd Algoma Steel Corp., Ltd.*                         v.                         *United States,*                         865 F.2d 240 (Fed. Cir. 1989)).                    
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16.                             For a discussion of the domestic like product analysis as applied to these cases and information regarding industry support,                         *see*                         Checklists, “Antidumping Duty Investigation Initiation Checklists: Float Glass Products from the People's Republic of China and Malaysia,” dated concurrently with, and hereby adopted by, this notice (Country-Specific AD Initiation Checklists), at Attachment II, Analysis of Industry Support for the Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Petitions Covering Float Glass Products from the People's Republic of China and Malaysia (Attachment II). These checklists are on file electronically via ACCESS.                    
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17.                             Primary float glass, as defined in the scope, is soda-lime-silica glass that is manufactured by floating a continuous strip of molten glass over a smooth bath of tin (or another liquid metal with a density greater than molten glass), cooling the glass in an annealing lehr, and cutting it to appropriate dimensions (                        *i.e.,*                         an actual thickness of at least 2.0 millimeters (mm) (0.0787 inches) and an actual surface area of at least 0.37 square meters (4.0 square feet)).                    
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18.                                                     *See*                         Attachment II of the Country-Specific AD Initiation Checklists.                    
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19.                                                     *See, e.g., Fujitsu Ltd.*                         v.                         *United States*, 36 F. Supp. 2d 394, 397 (CIT 1999) (citing                         *Kern-Liebers                                                         USA, Inc.*                         v.                         *United States,*                         881 F. Supp. 618, 621 (CIT 1995) (citation omitted)); and                         *Initiation of Antidumping Duty Investigations: Spring Table Grapes from Chile and Mexico,*66 FR 26831 (May 15, 2001).                    
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20.                                                     *See Initiation Extension Notice,*                         89 FR at 102114.                    
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21.                                                     *See*                         Commerce's Letter, “Polling Questionnaire,” dated December 13, 2024.                    
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22.                                                     *Id.*
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23.                                                     *See*                         Petitioner's Letter, “Industry Support Comments from Petitioner,” dated December 26, 2024.                    
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24.                             Xinyi Energy Smart (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd (Xinyi) is a Malaysian producer/exporter of float glass products.                         *See*                         Xinyi's Letter, “Entry of Appearance,” dated December 3, 2024.                    
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25.                                                     *See*                         Xinyi's Letter, “Xinyi's Rebuttal Comments on Responses to Department's Polling Questionnaire,” dated December 30, 2024.                    
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26.                                                     *See*                         Attachment II of the Country-Specific AD Initiation Checklists.                    
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27.                                                     *Id.*
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28.                             For further information regarding negligibility and the injury allegation,                         *see*                         Country-Specific AD Initiation Checklists at Attachment III, Analysis of Allegations and Evidence of Material Injury and Causation for the Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Petitions Covering Float Glass Products from the People's Republic of China and Malaysia (Attachment III).                    
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29.                                                     *Id.*
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30.                                                     *Id.*
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31.                                                     *See*                         Country-Specific AD Initiation Checklists.                    
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32.                                                     *Id.*
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33.                             In accordance with section 773(b)(2) of the Act, for the Malaysia investigation, Commerce will request information necessary to calculate the constructed value (CV) and COP to determine whether there are reasonable grounds to believe or suspect that sales of the foreign like product have been made at prices that represent less than the COP of the product.                    
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34.                                                     *See*                         Malaysia AD Initiation Checklist.                    
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35.                                                     *Id.*
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36.                                                     *See, e.g., Certain Freight Rail Couplers and Parts Thereof from the People's Republic of China: Preliminary Affirmative Determination of Sales at Less Than Fair Value and Preliminary Affirmative Determination of Critical Circumstances,*88 FR 15372 (March 13, 2023), and accompanying Preliminary Decision Memorandum at 5, unchanged in                         *Certain Freight Rail Couplers and Parts Thereof from the People's Republic of China: Final Affirmative Determination of Sales at Less-Than-Fair Value and Final Affirmative Determination of Critical Circumstances,*88 FR 34485 (May 30, 2023).                    
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37.                                                     *See*                         China AD Initiation Checklist.                    
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38.                                                     *Id.*
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39.                                                     *See*                         China AD Initiation Checklist.                    
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40.                                                     *Id.*
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41.                                                     *See*                         Malaysia AD Initiation Checklist.                    
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42.                                                     *Id.*
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43.                                                     *Id.*
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44.                                                     *Id.*
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45.                                                     *Id.*
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46.                                                     *See*                         Country-Specific AD Initiation Checklists.                    
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47.                                                     *See*                         Petitions at Volume I (pages I-19 through I-20).                    
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48.                                                     *See*                         Memoranda, “Release of U.S. Customs and Border Protection Entry Data,” dated December 30, 2024.                    
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49.                                                     *See*                         Petitions at Volume I (pages I-17 through I-19);                         *see also*                         Third General Issues Supplement at SSS-1.                    
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50.                                                             *See*                             Enforcement and Compliance's Policy Bulletin No. 05.1, regarding, “Separate-Rates Practice and Application of Combination Rates in Antidumping Investigation involving NME Countries,” (April 5, 2005) at 6 (emphasis added), available on Commerce's website at                             *https://access.trade.gov/​Resources/​policy/​bull05-1.pdf.*
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51.                                                     *See*                         section 733(a) of the Act.                    
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52.                                                     *Id.*
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53.                                                     *See*19 CFR 351.301(b).                    
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54.                                                     *See*19 CFR 351.301(b)(2).                    
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55.                                                     *See*19 CFR 351.301;                         *see also Extension of Time Limits; Final Rule,*78 FR 57790 (September 20, 2013) (                        *Time Limits Final Rule*), available at                         *https://www.gpo.gov/​fdsys/​pkg/​FR-2013-09-20/​html/​2013-22853.htm.*
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56.                                                     *See*19 CFR 351.302;                         *see also, e.g., Time Limits Final Rule.*
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57.                                                     *See*                         section 782(b) of the Act.                    
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58.                                                     *See Certification of Factual Information to Import Administration During Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Proceedings,*78 FR 42678 (July 17, 2013) (                        *Final Rule*). Additional information regarding the                         *Final Rule*                         is available at                         *https://access.trade.gov/​Resources/​filing/​index.html.*
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59.                                                     *See Administrative Protective Order, Service, and Other Procedures in Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Proceedings,*88 FR 67069 (September 29, 2023).                    
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[FR Doc. 2025-00190 Filed 1-7-25; 8:45 am]

BILLING CODE 3510-DS-P