Fede

Adm

Presented to: REDAC E&E SubcommitteeBy: Aniel Jardines

Federal Aviation Administration

Date: August 26, 2014

Alternative Jet Fuels Research Overview
Federal Avia

Administrat

Alt Fuels Development Progress

• ASTM approval of SIP fuels (June 2014), additional ballots u

preparation

• Engine tests of novel fuels continue

– PW615F turbofan testing of 3 fuels completed– Honeywell APU testing of 7 fuels will be complete September 2– Cooperative testing of Alcohol-to-Jet fuel with USAF 

• ASCENT projects underway

– National Jet Fuel Combustion Program– Supply chain analysis – Environmental and economic sustainability analyses– Emissions research to relate measured changes in emissions a

performance to fuel composition

• Continued domestic and international engagement

– DOE joined Farm to Fly 2.0 (July 2014)– National Alternative Jet Fuel Strategy draft completed & in revi– ICAO Alternative Fuels Task Force (AFTF) is advancing
Federal Avia

Administrat

Challenges for Alternative Jet Fuels

• Feedstock Availability • Competitive cost for alternative fuel• Approved for performance/safety• Environmentally sustainable• Commercially produced
Federal Avia

Administrat

USG Efforts across Alternative Jet Fuel Supply C

Feedstock

Production

Feedstock

Logistics

Fuel

Conversion

Conversion 

Process Scaleup/Integration Fuel Testing / Approval Fuel Performance | Environment Assmt 

Enab

Produc

FAA & 

Defense: 

C/Q Fuel 

testing

Agricu

Navy

Ener

Defe

Produ

Act a

Bioref

Prog

Agriculture

& Energy: 

R&D grants

Energy & 

Defense: 

R&D grants

Agriculture: Biomass Crop 

Assistance Program & Crop 

Insurance Program

FAA, 

Defense, & 

NASA: 

Enviro 

Analysis

Agriculture: Feedstock 

Development Center Grants

EPA

Renew

Fue

Stand

Energy
Federal Avia

Administrat

FAA Alternative Jet Fuel Activities

• Testing

 Support Cert/Qual testing Improve Cert/Qual process Emissions measurements

• Analysis 

 Environmental sustainability Techno-economic analysis Future scenarios & supply chain

• Coordination

 Interagency Public-Private State & Regional International

• Tracking use
Federal Avia

Administrat

FAA Alternative Jet Fuel Activities

• Testing

 Support Cert/Qual testing Improve Cert/Qual process Emissions measurements

• Analysis 

 Environmental sustainability Techno-economic analysis Future scenarios

• Coordination

 Interagency Public-Private State & Regional International

• Tracking use

 Support evaluation of fuels for ASTM 

approval

 Reduce test cost and time for 

qualification
Federal Avia

Administrat

Aviation Fuel Qualification (ASTM D4054 P

ASTM Balloting 

Process

Specification 

Properties Eng

Te

Fit-For-Purpose Properties Component/Rig Testing

A

Re

ASTM R

Specification

Accept

ASTM

Review

& Ballot

Re-Eval

As Required Reject

ASTM

Specification

Accept

ASTM

Review

& Ballot

Re-Eval

As Required Reject

ASTM D7566 

Revision FAA & OEM Review & 

Approval
Federal Avia

Administrat

Lignocellulosic Coal Biomass Waste Gas

Advanced 

thermoprocessing

Natural 

Gas

Solid 

Waste Sugar & Starch Cro

bio-oil

pyrolysis

gasification

ATJSKA ATJ- SPK

alcohols

HDCJ

F-T 

Synthesis

FTSKA FT- SPK 

CH 

C

Hydro

ASTM TF

SK, SIP

SAK

Bio-processi

Thermoprocessing

Hydro- 

processing

Hydroprocessing

Thermoprocessing Thermo- processing

sugars Bioprocessing

Annex A1 

Sept 2009

ASTM TF 

& Report

ASTM TF 

& Report 

ASTM TF

Annex A3 

June 2014

ASTM TF 

& Report

ASTM TF

Jet 

Fuel

saccharification

syngas

Draft – Subject to Revision – July 28, 2014

Resource Process Intermediate Process Product ASTM

Status

Alternative Jet Fuel Pathways & Status

Hydroprocessing
Federal Avia

Administrat

FAA Alternative Jet Fuel Activities

• Testing

 Material compatibility Certification / Qualification Emissions measurements

• Analysis 

 Environmental sustainability Techno-economic analysis Future scenarios & supply chain

• Coordination

 Interagency Public-Private State & Regional International

• Tracking use

 Improve understanding of environmental 

and economic sustainability of alternative jet fuel pathways 

 Improve understanding of the potential 

availability of alternative jet fuel 
Federal Avia

Administrat

ASCENT Alternative Jet Fuel Supply Chain Analy

Objectives • Develop information on regional supply chains for 

creating scenarios of future alternative jet fuel pro

• Identify the key barriers in regional supply chains 

be overcome to produce 1 billion gallons of alternafuel by 2018 and an order of magnitude larger prothe longer term 

• Support the Alternative Fuel Task Force (AFTF) o

International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Con Aviation Environmental Protection (CAEP) by ethe contribution of alternative jet fuels toward CO2 

targets in 2050
Federal Avia

Administrat

ASCENT Alternative Jet Fuel Supply Chain AnalysisResearch Team 

• ASCENT Universities:

– Washington State (M. Wolcott) – Penn State (P. Smith)– U. Illinois (J. Endres) – U. Tennessee (T. Rials)– Penn State (T. Richard)– MIT (R. Malina)– Purdue (W. Tyner)

• National Labs: 

– Volpe, ANL (already onboard) – INL, NREL, ORNL, PNNL (as p

• Cost share support:

– Biojet Canada (TC funded effo– ITAKA (CLH Aviation, EC fund– Delta Airlines– Byogy– Monsanto

• Universities represented:

– Sun Grant Partnership– USDA AFRI Coordinated Agricultural Projects

– Northwest Advanced Renewables Alliance (NARA via WSU)– Southeast Partnership for Integrated Biomass Supply Systems (IBSS via – Northeast Woody/Warm-season Biomass Consortium (NEWBio via PSU)

– Bioenergy Science Center (via U. Illinois)

• Kick-off Meeting – shooting for September:

– Team, CAAFI, Airlines 4 America, USDA, DOE, DLA-Energy, US Navy, and AFR
Federal Avia

Administrat

ASCENT Alternative Jet Fuel Supply Chain AnalysisProject Layout

MIT 
Federal Avia

Administrat

FAA Alternative Jet Fuel Activities

• Testing

 Material compatibility Certification / Qualification Emissions measurements

• Analysis 

 Environmental sustainability Techno-economic analysis Future scenarios

• Coordination

 Interagency Public-Private State & Regional International

• Tracking use

 Complement and leverage work of 

other U.S. agencies 

 Complement and leverage work of 

private sector

 Complement and leverage work of 

international partners

 Support state/regional supply chain 

development and deployment
Federal Avia

Administrat

Farm to Fly 2.0 

... “THEREFORE, AS OUR GOAL, we the undersigned, jointly signify our intent to continue working together over the next five years in an expanded collaboration entitled “Farm to Fly 2.0”, to enable commercially viable, sustainable bio-Jet Fuel supply chains in the U.S. that are able to support the goal of one billion gallons of bio-Jet Fuel production capacity and use for the Aviation Enterprise by 2018”

14
Federal Avia

Administrat

FY15 Anticipated efforts

• Continue support to ASTM approval of additional fuel pathw• Continued Certification / Qualification testing of fuels with cu

methods (D4054) to support ASTM approval

• Continue work to improve testing methods to reduce cost an

Certification / Qualification over longer term via NJFCP

• Continue Analysis in support of deployment:

– Supply chain analysis – Environmental and economic sustainability analyses– Emissions research to relate measured changes in emissions a

performance to fuel composition

• Continued domestic and international engagement

– CAAFI– Farm to Fly 2.0 working group– National Alternative Jet Fuel Strategy draft completed & in revi– ICAO Alternative Fuels Task Force (AFTF) is advancing
Federal Avia

Administrat

Summary

• Alternative jet fuels are a key component of FAA s

meeting environmental goals

• FAA efforts are directed to overcoming key challe

testing, analysis and coordination

• Multiple programs and activities:

– Commercial Aviation Alternative Fuels Initiative (CAAFI)– Continuous Lower Energy, Emissions and Noise

(CLEEN) Program

– Aviation Sustainability Center (ASCENT)– National Alternative Jet Fuel Strategy development– National Jet Fuel Combustion Program– Farm to Fly 2.0

• Strong domestic and international coordination