REDACHuman Factors

Bill Kaliardos, Human Factors Division, ANG-C1 

August 30, 2017

NextGen ATC/TechOps Human Factors

BLI Number: 1A07A0/1A08A0 

FY2017 Research Accomplishments

Federal Aviation

Administration

Federal Aviation

Administration

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Part I

Intro and Background

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ATC/TechOps

Federal Aviation

Administration

NextGen ATC/TechOps Human FactorsF&E

Program Description

Focus on documenting and transitioning Human Factors Lessons Learned from concept exploration and early implementation activities

Promotes the use of Human Factors Best Practices, Human Performance Metrics and Human Factors Standards in the early phases of NAS programs and procedures

Work jointly with customer organizations to identify, collect and respond to their needs (AJM, AJG, AJV, AJI, AJW)

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ATC/TechOps

Federal Aviation

Administration

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NextGen ATC/TechOps Human FactorsF&E

What are the benefits to the FAA?

Human factors high-level guidance to assist with the evolution of the NAS infrastructure and its workforce, with a focus on the early phases of the Acquisition Management System (AMS)

What determines success?

Successful transition of Human Factors products.

Early identification of HF opportunities, to minimize a program’s cost, safety and operational risks. 

ATC/TechOps

Federal Aviation

Administration

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5

NextGen ATC/TechOps HF “Team”

Sponsors and Customers:

ANG – NextGen

AJM – Program Management Office (“PMO”)

AJI – Safety and Technical Training

AJG – Management Services

AJW – Technical Operations

AJV-14  PBN Programs & Policy

AJV-7 – Operational Concepts, Validation and Requirements

ANG-C1 Program Management:

PM – Bill Kaliardos and Dan Herschler

Recently changed from Stephanie Kreseen (and Jerome Lard prior to Stephanie)

FAA Laboratories:

FAA Civil Aerospace Medical Institute (CAMI)

AAM-520 – Carol Manning, Branch Manager

FAA Research, Development and Human Factors Laboratory (RDHFL)

ANG-E25 – Kenneth Allendoerfer, Branch Manager

ATC/TechOps

Federal Aviation

Administration

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Part 2

Completed FY17 Research

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ATC/TechOps

Federal Aviation

Administration

| Project                                                                         | Completion Date |
|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------|
| NAS EA Human-Systems Integration Roadmap Harmonization and Support              | 10/2016         |
| Guidance for Service Analysis and Concept and Requirements Definition           | 11/2016         |
| Human Factors Guidance for the Display of NOTAMS on Information Display Systems | 11/2016         |
| NextGen Segment Bravo Human Error Conditions Assessment                         | 12/2016         |
| NextGen Alarms and Alerts                                                       | 9/2016          |
| Update to NextGen Mid-Term Strategic Job Analysis for ATCSs                     | 3/2017          |

NextGen ATC/Tech Ops Human Factors - Recently Completed Projects (1 of 2)

Federal Aviation

Administration

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| Project                                                                       | Completion Date |
|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------|
| NextGen HF Guidance on the Display of Information from ATC Time-Based Systems | 7/2017          |
| PBN Procedures Guidebook                                                      | 6/2017          |
| NextGen Traffic Flow Management Tool Assessment for the Traffic Manager       | 3/2017          |
| NextGen Technical Operations                                                  | 6/2017          |
| NextGen Airport and Weather Information Integration                           | 5/2017          |
| NextGen Human-Automation System Resiliency Impact on Safety Risk Assessment   | 8/2017          |

NextGen ATC/Tech Ops Human Factors - Recently Completed Projects (2 of 2)

Federal Aviation

Administration

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NAS EA Human-Systems Integration (HSI) Roadmap Harmonization and Support

Details

Task Manager:  Jerome Lard

Performer: Fort Hill Group

Customer: PMO and all FAA enterprise stakeholders

Description

This work reviewed all NAS Enterprise Architecture (EA) Infrastructure and Service Roadmaps to identify key ATC, Tech Ops, and Aviation Industry interdependencies between the HSI Roadmap and other EA Roadmaps. 

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Federal Aviation

Administration

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Guidance for Service Analysis and Concept and Requirements Definition

Details

Task Manager: Bill Kaliardos

Performer: HumanProof / Engility

Customer: PMO

Description 

This work developed human factors guidance for use during the early Acquisition Management System (AMS) phases of Service Analysis (SA) and Concept and Requirements Definition (CRD).  

The result of this effort is intended to inform updates to the Human factors Job Aid and related AMS guidance for SA and CRD phases.  

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Federal Aviation

Administration

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Human Factors Guidance for the Display of NOTAMS on Information Display Systems (IDS)

Details

Task Manager: Jerome Lard

Performer: Tech Center/ Securboration

Customer: PMO

Description

The research developed human factors guidance to ensure that changes and enhancements will be effective, support ATC tasks, and follow human factors guidelines and best practices. 

This guidance describes how Notices to Airmen (NOTAMs) are used by air traffic controllers today, and how they are expected to be used in the NextGen timeframe.  In particular, the project determined if new features and presentations for NOTAMs that are anticipated for the flight deck domain are applicable to ATC. 

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Federal Aviation

Administration

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NextGen Segment Bravo Human Error Conditions Assessment

Details

Task Manager: Jerome Lard

Performer: Fort Hill Group

Customer: ANG-B3, AJI

Description 

This research developed a series of human error mode metrics that describe the human performance risks associated with controller operations in the NAS. 

Identified metrics were coordinated with NextGen Safety stakeholders to promote the inclusion into the NextGen Safety Assessment process. The assessment incorporated existing controller task analyses, voluntary safety reports, and interviews with air traffic control subject matter experts. 

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Federal Aviation

Administration

NextGen Alarms and Alerts Management

Details

Task Manager: Jerome Lard => Bill Kaliardos

Performer: Tech Center

Customer: PMO

Description

This research developed guidance for the effective presentation and management of Alarms and Alerts in the NextGen air traffic environment. 

The work included an alarms, alerts, and notification taxonomy to identify coverage gaps in current FAA standards.

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Federal Aviation

Administration

Update to NextGen Mid-Term Strategic Job Analysis for ATCSs

Details

Task Manager: Jerome Lard => Dan Herschler

Performer: American Institutes for Research

Customer: AJI

Description

This research updated the existing NextGen Mid-Term ATCS Job Analysis Data to  reflect the impact of NextGen’s introduction of new technologies, automation, and procedures that affect the controller’s job.   

The report identifies the NextGen Mid-Term Drivers, describes the selected Drivers, and describes their impact on the controllers’ job by 2020.  

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Federal Aviation

Administration

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NextGen HF Guidance on the Display of Information from ATC Time-Based Systems

Details

Task Manager: Jerome Lard => Dan Herschler

Performer: Tech Center

Customer: PMO

Description

This research developed and evaluated methods for the display and use of time-based information on Air Traffic Control (ATC) displays. 

The product provides guidance and standard practices for presenting time-based information on ATC displays. 

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Federal Aviation

Administration

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PBN Procedures Guidebook

Details

Task Manager: Jerome Lard

Performer: Fort Hill Group

Customer: AJV-14

Description

This research developed a PBN procedure development guidebook that includes relevant guidance for procedure designers, operational and experimental data supporting the recommendations, and examples of recommendations applied to existing RNAV/RNP procedures. 

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Federal Aviation

Administration

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NextGen Traffic Flow Management Tool Assessment for the Traffic Manager

Details

Task Manager: Jerome Lard => Stephanie Kreseen 

Performer: Tech Center

Customer: PMO

Description

The purpose of this research was to develop a better understanding of human behavior when using the types of decision-support tools planned for the Traffic Flow Management (TFM) domain.

The work involved human-in-the-loop research based on a prototype TFM tool developed only for experimental purposes.

The product developed general guidelines for the design and training of Traffic Managers and Coordinators.

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Federal Aviation

Administration

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NextGen Technical Operations

Details

Task Manager: Stephanie Kreseen => Dan Herschler

Performer: American Institutes for Research

Customer: PMO, AJW

Description

This research provided a) methods for identifying human performance impacts of NextGen in Tech Ops, and b) human factors guidance for future acquisitions of Tech Ops systems.

This product can be used to identify potential human performance hazards stemming from NextGen changes for all system specialists (maintenance) personnel, regardless of whether they work in a Service Operation Center (SOC), System Support Center (SSC), or any other facility.

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Federal Aviation

Administration

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NextGen Airport and Weather Information Integration

Details

Task Manager: Stephanie Kreseen

Performer: Tech Center

Customer: PMO

Description

This research product, titled “Guidance for the Display of Pilot Reports (PIREPs) on Information Display Systems”, describes terminal and enroute PIREP delivery systems, their human factors pros and cons, and provides guidance as to how to improve the procedures and display systems.  

The report also provides suggestions as to how this guidance can be applied for NextGen projects such as the Enterprise Information Display System and Data Communications.   

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Federal Aviation

Administration

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NextGen Human-Automation System Resiliency Impact on Safety Risk Assessment

Details

Task Manager: Jerome Lard => Dan Herschler

Performer: MIT Lincoln Labs

Customer: PMO 

Description

This research produced Safety Risk Management (SRM) resilience guidance to help SRM practitioners identify human-system resilience characteristics that exist or are planned as part of a system, as well as to identify steps that may increase human-system resilience.  

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Federal Aviation

Administration

Part 3

Current and Planned Research

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ATC/TechOps

Federal Aviation

Administration

| Project                                                                                       |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| PBN Human Performance Metrics                                                                 |
| Established on RNP (EoR) Human Factors Implementation Guidance                                |
| Human Factors Integration Considerations of Time, Speed, and Spacing Tools                    |
| Human Performance Considerations for Contingency Operations in a Degraded NextGen Environment |

Current Research(FY16 and FY17 PLA)

Federal Aviation

Administration

This is the list of projects that will be completed with the funding we are allotted through the INDP HF budget line. In FY16 our focus is solely on PBN-specific concepts, and in FY17 we begin to transition to broader elements that are foundational to NextGen transformation. These projects have been approved, and the FY 16 projects are currently being performed.

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Performance Based Navigation (PBN) Human Performance Metrics

Details

Task Manager: Stephanie Kreseen => Bill Kaliardos

Performer:  CSSI / Fort Hill Group

Customer: AJV-14, AJI

Description

This research is exploring ATC cognitive workload and other human performance aspects (situation awareness, trust, etc.) associated with PBN operations.  

The work will collect data on PBN performance, in field or laboratory settings, and explore potential mitigation strategies.  

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Federal Aviation

Administration

Established-on-RNP (EoR) Human Factors Implementation Guidance

Details

Task Manager: Stephanie Kreseen => Bill Kaliardos

Performer: Architecture Technology (AT) Corp / Evans, Inc.

Customer: AJV-14, AJI

Description

This research will develop guidance to facilitate EoR procedure implementation and utilization, from a HF perspective. 

(EoR is an operational concept using RNP instrument approach procedures designed to guide aircraft established on initial paths not aligned with the landing runway to a straight-in final without requiring either 1000 feet vertical or 3 miles radar separation from aircraft.)

The HF team will visit EoR sites to collect data from controllers, managers, and other relevant stakeholders.  Collected data will be used to identify HF associated with successes and challenges of these new operations, and create HF guidance to support future implementations.  

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Federal Aviation

Administration

Human Factors Integration Considerations of Time, Speed, and Spacing Tools

Details

Task Manager: Stephanie Kreseen => Bill Kaliardos

Performer: TBD

Customer:  AJV-14, AJI, PMO

Description

This research will explore the integration of time, speed, and spacing tools from a HF perspective, towards improving PBN procedure design and implementation.  

Example tools are Ground-based Interval Management (GIM-S) and Terminal Sequencing and Spacing (TSAS).  

Data will be collected on the use of a suite of tools, versus standalone tools.  The work will include the identification of strategies for change management, integration methods, user motivation, and training.  

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Federal Aviation

Administration

Human Performance Considerations for Contingency Operations in a Degraded NextGen Environment

Details

Task Manager: Stephanie Kreseen => Bill Kaliardos

Performer: TBD

Customer: AJV, AJI

Description

This research will explore resiliency of midterm contingency operations—when NextGen decision support tools become temporarily unavailable.  

The intent is to address time-based tools, whose frequent use in nominal conditions may lead to long term skill degradation.  

The research product will include estimates of unmitigated risks and consequences to NAS operations, and propose mitigations (e.g., controller training, standard procedures).

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Federal Aviation

Administration

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