Continuous Lower Energy, Emissions and Noise (CLEEN) Program

REDAC Subcommittee on Environment and Energy

Levent Ileri, CLEEN Program Manager

March 18, 2015

Update

Presented to:

By:

Date:

Federal Aviation

Administration

Federal Aviation

Administration

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Outline

Action Item Follow-Up

CLEEN Overview and Goals

CLEEN Benefits

Completed Technology Demonstrations

CLEEN II

Summary

Federal Aviation

Administration

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Good afternoon. Today, I will provide an update on the CLEEN program since the last REDAC meeting in August.  Today’s presentation includes:

The Continuous Lower Energy, Emissions, and Noise (CLEEN) program will reduce the environmental impact

of aircraft through new engine and airframe technologies and by advancing the use of sustainable alternative

aviation fuels. Our aim is to accelerate development of quieter commercial aircraft that burn less fuel and produce

lower emissions than existing technology.

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Action Item Follow-Up

Develop CLEEN Communication Materials

Last CLEEN Fact Sheet update completed 8/1

Next Fact Sheet update planned for 5/2015

http://www.faa.gov/news/fact_sheets/news_story.cfm?newsId=16814

November 2014 CLEEN Consortium Meeting presentations made available on website

https://www.faa.gov/about/office_org/headquarters_offices/apl/research/aircraft_technology/cleen/2014_consortium/

CLEEN program technologies with expected EIS 

TAPS II advanced low NOx combustor starting in 2016 – 

Airbus A320neo, Boeing 737MAX, COMAC C919

CLEEN model brings technologies to point of readiness for product development

Other TRL 6-7 technologies in product planning, not publicly announced

Federal Aviation

Administration

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Additional public communication of successes:

Boeing presentation at United States Advanced Ceramics Association (USACA) conference on CMC nozzle

158-174 seat narrow-body twin-engine airliners to be built by the Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China

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Roadmap of the CLEEN program with expected EIS

Under CLEEN, there are 10 technology projects*

4 with EIS prior to 2020, >8,000 engines

6 with EIS after 2020, >4,000 engines

* Based on Nov 2014 data. These numbers will increase as soon as the companies finalize their trade studies

CLEEN contributed to the approval of 2 alternative jet fuels (HEFA and SIP) by ASTM Intl. 

.

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Federal Aviation

Administration

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Engine level; we haveCMC Acoustic Nozzle

CMC Blade Tracks

TAPS II Combustor

Dual Wall Turbine Vane

Aircraft level; we have

FMS/Engine and FMS/ATM – Trade studies are currently being conducted

Wing ATE  

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Efforts that support Technology Maturation

Continuous Lower Energy, Emissions and Noise (CLEEN)

Reduce aircraft fuel burn, emissions and noise through technology & advance alternative jet fuels

Public private partnership with 1:1 minimum cost share requirement

Enable industry to expedite introduction of novel technologies into current and future aircraft and engines

Maturation from TRL 3-5 concluding in major demonstrations at TRL 6 or 7 (ground engine or flight test)

Aviation Sustainability Center (ASCENT)

Center of Excellence for Alternative Jet Fuels & Environment

Providing independent assessment of environmental benefits from CLEEN technology introduction

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Federal Aviation

Administration

COE Technical Areas – Alt Jet Fuels

Feedstock Development, Processing and Conversion Research

Regional Supply and Refining Infrastructure

Environmental Benefits Analysis

Aircraft Component Deterioration and Wear Assessment

Fuel Performance Testing

COE Technical Areas – Environment

Aircraft Noise and Impacts

Aviation Emissions and Impacts

Aviation Modeling and Analysis

Aircraft Technology Assessment

Environmentally and Energy Efficient Gate-to-Gate Aircraft Operations

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CLEEN Program Overview

Five year program (2010-2015)

Industry partners: Boeing, General Electric, Honeywell, Pratt & Whitney, Rolls-Royce 

Federal Funding: $125M (1:1 minimum cost share is required)

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Federal Aviation

Administration

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CLEEN Program Goals

Advance use of “drop-in” renewable alternative fuels

Bio feedstock

Fuel Production

Jet fuel
|                                  | CLEEN  |
|----------------------------------|--------|
| Noise (cum below Stage 4)        | -32 dB |
| LTO NOx Emissions (below CAEP 6) | -60%   |
| Aircraft Fuel Burn               | -33%   |

Develop and demonstrate (TRL 6-7) certifiable aircraft technology

Federal Aviation

Administration

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40% fuel burn goal for CLEEN II is relative to contactor’s best in service 2005 baseline. CLEEN I fuel burn goal was set vs. contractor chosen baseline also circa 2005 best in service.

These goals are described in the National Aeronautics Research and Development Plan and puts CLEEN in context with NASA’s environmental technology programs.

While initial NASA studies considered a single aisle baseline configuration (B737-800 with a CFM56-7B engine), the CLEEN solicitation did not specify a baseline and encouraged technologies that could apply across multiple aircraft classes.

Committee on Aviation Environmental Protection (CAEP) - The Committee on Aviation Environmental Protection (CAEP) is a technical committee of the ICAO Council established in 1983. CAEP assists the Council in formulating new policies and adopting new Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPs) related to aircraft noise and emissions, and more generally to aviation environmental impact.

Alt fuel goal (industry wide, commercial and military) is 1 billion gallons by 2018

The Continuous Lower Energy, Emissions, and Noise (CLEEN) program will reduce the environmental impact

of aircraft through new engine and airframe technologies and by advancing the use of sustainable alternative

aviation fuels. Our aim is to accelerate development of quieter commercial aircraft that burn less fuel and produce

lower emissions than existing technology.

Boeing

Ceramic Matrix Composite Nozzle

Adaptive Trailing Edge

CLEEN I Technologies

General Electric

Flight Management System / Air Traffic Integration

Flight Management System / Engine Integration

Twin Annular Premixing Swirler (TAPS) II Low NOX Combustor

Open Rotor Engine

Pratt & Whitney 

Ultra-high Bypass Ratio Geared Turbofan

Rolls-Royce

Ceramic Matrix Composite Blade Tracks

Dual-Wall Turbine Airfoils

Honeywell

New coatings, higher temperature impeller, advanced seals and improved turbine cooling. 

Federal Aviation

Administration

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Benefits of CLEEN Program: Demonstrated technologies that reduce noise, emissions and fuel burn

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General ElectricTAPS II Combustor (entering fleet in 2016)CLEEN 60% margin to CAEP/6 LTO NOx was achievedFMS/Engine and FMS/ATM Integration

Benefits are being assessed

Open Rotor~26% reduction in fuel burn (re: 737-800) and ~15-17EPNdB cumulative noise margin to Stage 4

Rolls RoyceCeramic Matrix Composite Turbine Blade TrackCMC blade tracks offer > 50% reduction in cooling and component weight.  

Rolls-Royce – Dual Wall Turbine AirfoilDual Wall turbine airfoils provide > 20% reduction in cooling and increased operating temperature capability.  CLEEN tech will provide ~1% fuel burn reduction

Boeing Adaptive Trailing Edge~ 2% fuel burn reduction  ~ -1.5dB cum in some single and twin aisles

CMC Acoustic Nozzle

~ 1% fuel burn reduction

Parity or better noise reduction compared with treated metallic hot structure

HoneywellFuel Burn Technologies

CLEEN technologies contributed to ~5% fuel burn reduction as part of a 15.7% fuel burn reduction engine package

Pratt & Whitney

Geared Turbofan TechnologiesCLEEN techs expand design space for engine with ~ 20% fuel burn reduction, 25 EPNdB cumulative noise margin to Stage 4

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Federal Aviation

Administration

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Completed Technology Demos (2011-2013)

Jan

Dec

Jul

Sep

Boeing - Ground Demonstration (TRL 6)

Boeing Flight Demonstration(TRL 7)

Boeing 737 with Adaptive Trailing Edge
| 2011 | 2012 | 2013 |
|------|------|------|

General Electric (GE) – TAPS II Core Engine Test (TRL 6)

GE Open Rotor Wind Tunnel Tests (TRL 5)

Landing and Takeoff NOx reduced 60% re CAEP 6

Exceeded CLEEN Goal

Jan

GE Dynamic Synchronization Simulation

(TRL 6)

Boeing - Ceramic Matrix Composite Nozzle Ground Test (TRL 6)

Mar

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Federal Aviation

Administration

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Completed Technology Demos in 2014

May

Jul
| 2014 |
|------|

Rolls-Royce - CMC Turbine Blade Track Engine Ground Testing

Pratt &Whitney -  Fan Rig Wind Tunnel Test

Boeing - CMC FlightTest on ecoDemonstrator(TRL 7)

Honeywell – Engine Test (TRL 6)

Nov

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Federal Aviation

Administration

2015 demonstrations:

Not all information public, but by company:

GE: 2

Honeywell: 2

Pratt & Whitney: 1

Rolls-Royce: 1

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Planned Demonstrations for 2015

GE 

Engine ground and flight tests of FMS-engine control technologies: Q2 2015 and Q4 2015-Q1 2016

Honeywell 

High T3 impeller core engine test: Q2 2015

Final CLEEN engine test: Q2 2015

Pratt & Whitney

Integrated ultra-high bypass fan rig test: Q2 2015

Preparation for 2016 engine test

Rolls-Royce

Dual wall turbine vane testing: Q3 2015

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Federal Aviation

Administration

2015 demonstrations:

Not all information public, but by company:

GE: 2   In Phase 1: High efficiency cruise, performance seeking control, deterioration-based clearance adjustment and water-wash advisory concepts will be flight tested on the first LEAP-1B flying test bed in 2Q2015.   

In Phase 2: Performance seeking control and stall margin optimization concepts will be flight tested on the second LEAP-1B flyting test bed in 4Q2015-1Q2016.

All of the models use a software development methodology and optimizes certain variables that control the engine’s operation. 

The performance seeking control compares what the engine is doing versus the designed “optimal” model, and as the engine operates, it constantly adjust its control parameters to fit to the model. This results in reduction in fuel.

During the operation of the engine, parts wear and does not function at the ideal efficiency. Both deterioration-based clearance adjustment and water-wash advisory concepts help detect and remedy this issue. Deterioration-based clearance adjustment does this actively as the engine runs, and water-wash advisory allows the service crew to when to wash and service the compressor for better efficiency.  This results efficient engine operation, resulting in reduction in fuel and subsequently noise.

When you design an engine, we set it to operate at a conservative level to prevent it from reversing the flow in the compressor (called “stall”). Thus, the stall margin optimization concept enables us to be smarter about how close the engine is to a potential stall.  This means we can be more efficient by not being overly conservative on the engine operation. This results reduction in fuel.

Honeywell: 2

Pratt & Whitney: 1

Rolls-Royce: 1

RR Vane testing = combustor rig test   a full annular combustion rig using the EFE combustor in 2015

RR will conduct the engine testing in 2016 complete cyclic endurance testing in the Rolls-Royce Advance 3 core demonstrator vehicle in 2016.  This testing will confirm TRL6 for the vanes to the demonstrated turbine temperature levels. Further cyclic endurance testing at increased turbine temperatures will be conducted in a Trent XWB 97K engine in 2017.

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CLEEN Program Overview

CLEEN I Program (2010-2015)

Industry partners: Boeing, General Electric, Honeywell, Pratt & Whitney, Rolls-Royce 

Federal Funding: $125M (1:1 minimum cost share is required)

CLEEN II Program (2015-2020)

Solicitation opened on September 29, 2014 

Solicitation closed on February 2, 2015

Proposals from 10 companies with over 35 technologies submitted

Contracts to be awarded by mid-summer 2015

Federal Funding:  $100M  (1:1 minimum cost share is required)

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Federal Aviation

Administration

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CLEEN II Program Goals

Advance use of “drop-in” renewable alternative fuels

Bio feedstock

Fuel Production

Jet fuel
|                                  | CLEEN  | CLEEN II              |                                                                                             |
|----------------------------------|--------|-----------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Noise (cum below Stage 4)        | -32 dB | -32 dB                | and/or reduces the noise contour area in absolute terms                                     |
| LTO NOx Emissions (below CAEP 6) | -60%   | -75%(-70% vs. CAEP/8) | and/or reduces absolute NOx production over the aircraft’s mission                          |
| Aircraft Fuel Burn               | -33%   | -40%                  | and/or supports the FAA’s goal to achieve a net reduction in climate impact from aviation   |

Develop and demonstrate (TRL 6-7) certifiable aircraft technology

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Federal Aviation

Administration

40% fuel burn goal for CLEEN II is relative to contactor’s best in service 2005 baseline. CLEEN I fuel burn goal was set vs. contractor chosen baseline also circa 2005 best in service.

These goals are described in the National Aeronautics Research and Development Plan and puts CLEEN in context with NASA’s environmental technology programs.

While initial NASA studies considered a single aisle baseline configuration (B737-800 with a CFM56-7B engine), the CLEEN solicitation did not specify a baseline and encouraged technologies that could apply across multiple aircraft classes.

Committee on Aviation Environmental Protection (CAEP) - The Committee on Aviation Environmental Protection (CAEP) is a technical committee of the ICAO Council established in 1983. CAEP assists the Council in formulating new policies and adopting new Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPs) related to aircraft noise and emissions, and more generally to aviation environmental impact.

Alt fuel goal (industry wide, commercial and military) is 1 billion gallons by 2018

The Continuous Lower Energy, Emissions, and Noise (CLEEN) program will reduce the environmental impact

of aircraft through new engine and airframe technologies and by advancing the use of sustainable alternative

aviation fuels. Our aim is to accelerate development of quieter commercial aircraft that burn less fuel and produce

lower emissions than existing technology.

CLEEN II

Program model based on successful CLEEN I

Requires cost share and tech maturation from TRL 3-5 to demonstration at TRL 6-7

Program work conducted 2015-2020 with $100M FF

Requires industry to show path to commercial product so tech realizes benefits in the fleet 

Milestones:

Market survey conducted May-July 2013

Draft solicitation released publicly November 2013

Industry day held in Washington D.C. December 2013

Solicitation Released September 29, 2014

Solicitation Closed February 2, 2015

Contract award planned for summer of 2015

Federal Aviation

Administration

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Summary

CLEEN II is planned as a follow-on effort for new projects in the areas of aircraft technology development and alternative jet fuels. With work planned 2015-2020, technologies are planned to provide fuel burn, emissions, and noise benefit toward advanced goals and enter into service by 2025.  Metrics: -32dB, -75%, -40% and qualitative goals for technologies not affecting certification points

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2014

SMEsReview

CLEEN II Proposals -Due February 2, 2015

Negotiations

Sep

July

Jun

May

Apr

Mar

Jan

Dec

Nov

Oct

Feb

Aug

2015

Questions - Nov 7

Answers -Dec 12

Released CLEEN II SIRSep 29, 2014

Award(s) Announced as they are negotiated by August 21, 2015

Recs -Mng  / Leg

Planned CLEEN II Timeline

Federal Aviation

Administration

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In Summary

CLEEN* has already successfully accelerated aircraft technology development to reduce noise, emissions and fuel burn

CLEEN has helped and is helping to accelerate alternative jet fuel development

CLEEN II is coming this year

* For more information on the CLEEN Program, its benefits, and accomplishments to date, please see the CLEEN Program Fact Sheet athttp://www.faa.gov/news/fact_sheets/news_story.cfm?newsId=16814

Federal Aviation

Administration

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HEFA in 2011 and SIP in 2014

HEFA tests in spring 2011 conducted by Honeywell with funding from CLEEN addressed a key concern with cold temperature performance of the fuel

and Pratt & Whitney engine testing of SIP fuels in 2013 and 2014 contributed data to the ASTM report that enabled approval.

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