REDAC Human Factors Subcommittee

Mike Gallivan

September 1, 2015 

R&D Budget Status

Federal Aviation

Administration

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Federal Aviation

Administration

1

R,E&D FY 15 Budget

R,E&D FY 15 Budget Request - $156.750M

FY 15 Appropriation $156.750 

Signed Dec. 16, 2014

Safety - $91.019

Improve Efficiency - $22.286

Reduce Environmental Impacts - $37.935

Mission Support - $5.510

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Federal Aviation

Administration

17 time in 24 years that budget has been enacted in first quarter of the fiscal year

Just twice in 24 years has the budget been enacted on September 30th or before (the FY 95 and FY 97 budgets)

HR 83 signed by President Dec 16, 2014

2

FAA FY 2016 Budget Request

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Federal Aviation

Administration

In FY 16 RE&D is approximately 1% of the FAA budget request

House has passed its Transportation bill but the Senate has not passed its Transportation bill this only reflects the appropriation committee language not the full Senate

Right now these funding levels may not be relevent  

3

FY 16 R,E&D Request
|                                                                           | FY 15               | FY 16            |
|---------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------|------------------|
| Program                                                                   | Enacted             | Request          |
| Fire Research & Safety                                                | $      6,000,000    | $      6,643,000 |
| Propulsion & Fuel Systems                                             | $      2,000,000    | $      3,034,000 |
| Advanced Materials /Structural Safety                                     | $      2,909,000    | $      3,625,000 |
| Aircraft Icing/Digital System Safety                                      | $      5,500,000    | $      6,920,000 |
| Continued Air Worthiness                                                  | $      9,619,000    | $      8,987,000 |
| Aircraft Catastrophic  Failure Prevention Research                        | $      1,500,000    | $      1,433,000 |
| Flightdeck/Maintenance/System Integration Human Factors                   | $      6,000,000    | $      9,947,000 |
| Safety System Management                                                  | $      7,970,000    | $      6,063,000 |
| Air Traffic Control/Technical Operations Human Factors                    | $      5,400,000    | $      5,995,000 |
| Aeromedical Research                                                      | $      8,300,000    | $    10,255,000  |
| Weather Research                                                          | $    14,847,000     | $    18,253,000  |
| Unmanned Aircraft Systems Research                                        | $    14,974,000     | $      9,635,000 |
| NextGen -  Alternative Fuels for General Aviation                         | $      6,000,000    | $      5,833,000 |
| Total Safety                                                              | $    91,019,000     | $    96,623,000  |
|                                                                           |                     |                  |
| NextGen - Wake Turbulence                                                 | $      8,541,000    | $      8,680,000 |
| NextGen - Air Ground Integration                                          | $      9,697,000    | $      8,875,000 |
| NextGen -  Weather Technology in the Cockpit                              | $      4,048,000    | $      4,116,000 |
| Commercial Space                                                          | $                 - | $      3,000,000 |
| Total Economic Competiveness                                              | $    22,286,000     | $    24,671,000  |
|                                                                           |                     |                  |
| Environment & Energy                                                  | $    14,921,000     | $    15,061,000  |
| NextGen Environmental Research - Aircraft Technologies, Fuels and Metrics | $    23,014,000     | $    23,823,000  |
| Environmental Sustainability                                              | $    37,935,000     | $    38,884,000  |
|                                                                           |                     |                  |
| System Planning and Resource Management                                   | $      2,100,000    | $      2,377,000 |
| WJHTC Lab Facilities                                                      | $      3,410,000    | $      3,445,000 |
| Mission Support                                                           | $      5,510,000    | $      5,822,000 |
| Total Research Engineering & Development                              | $   156,750,000     | $   166,000,000  |

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Federal Aviation

Administration

No new programs this year –

Just showing how  FY 15 compares to FY 16 request

4

FY 16 R,E&D Request

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Federal Aviation

Administration

House reduced budget request by $9,250,000  Cut flight deck by $3.1M, cut Aeromedical by $1.8M Weather Program by $2.9M  cut Commercial Space by $2.0M Added $3.0M for UAS and $1.2M for NextGen Alt Fuel for GA	

Senate reduced budget request to $163,325,000 a reduction of $2,675,000  but moved funding around 

Plus up for Advanced Materials $3.8M (no language), UAS $5M, NextGen alt Fuel for GA $1.2M Environment & Energy $1M and NextGen E&E $2M these increased require reductions in the following programs:

Propulsion & Fuel -$1M

Aircraft Icing and Digital System Safety -$1M

Flightdeck HF -$4.9M

ATC Tech Ops HF -$1m

Aeromedical -$2M

Weather Program -$3.3M

NextGen AirGround HF -$1M

Commercial Space -$1M

5

FY 2016 House Language

Unmanned aircraft systems research.—The FAA has established six UAS test sites, which are expected to provide valuable information for developing the regulatory framework for UAS integration. However, the FAA will need to ensure it develops a comprehensive plan to identify research priorities, including how data from test site operations will be gathered, analyzed, and used. The Committee recognizes these challenges and provides $12,635,000 for Unmanned Aircraft Systems Research, which is $3,000,000 above the budget request. These additional funds are provided to help meet the FAA’s UAS research goals of system safety and data gathering, aircraft certification, command and control link challenges, control station layout and certification, sense and avoid, and environmental impacts.

NextGen-alternative fuels for general aviation.—The Committee provides $7,000,000 for alternative fuels research for general aviation, which is $1,000,000 above the fiscal year 2015 enacted level and $1,167,000 above the budget request. During the complex transition of the general aviation piston fleet to an unleaded fuel, an increase in funding above last year is merited to move from research to a phase focused on coordinating and facilitating the fleetwide evaluation, certification and deployment of an unleaded fuel and to help overcome any market issues that prevent it from moving forward. The Committee recognizes this is a multi-year effort and looks forward to updates on the continued progress on this initiative as it effectively balances environmental improvement with aviation safety, technical challenges, and economic impact. 

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Federal Aviation

Administration

UAS $3M plus up 

NextGen Alt Fuels – $1.167 plus up 

6

FY 2016 House Language

NextGen environmental research—aircraft technologies, fuels and metrics.— The Committee provides $23,823,000 for the FAA’s NextGen environmental research aircraft technologies, fuels and metrics program, which is $809,000 above the fiscal year 2015 enacted level and the same as the budget request. In addition, the Committee continues to support the FAA’s continuous, lower energy emissions, and noise program (CLEEN). The CLEEN program has helped to advance the research and development of advanced engine and airframe technologies that conserve more fuel and produce fewer emissions than current technologies. 

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Federal Aviation

Administration

NextGen E&E research funded at request level they like the work that has been done and continue the CLEEN Work

7

FY 2015 Senate Language

Unmanned Aerial Systems Research—Center of Excellence.—The Committee recommendation includes $14,635,000 for unmanned aircraft systems research, an increase of $5,000,000 above the budget request and $339,000 below the fiscal year 2015 enacted level. The Committee directs the FAA to dedicate the funding increase over the budget request to the center of excellence. The Committee is pleased that the Department has established a UAS center of excellence to address a host of research challenges associated with integration of UAS into the national airspace. The formation of a UAS center of excellence is essential to meet the requirements enacted as part of the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012. The Committee directs that the center of excellence shall focus on key areas of UAS research including: airworthiness, remote sensing, advanced composites, detect and avoid, and low altitude research in harsh climates. Additionally, the center should maintain close relations with disaster response agencies, the Department of Homeland Security and the Department of Agriculture in order to facilitate research in important UAS mission areas, such as environmental monitoring, weather and hydrologic prediction, precision agriculture, law enforcement, disaster response and oil transportation systems monitoring.

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Federal Aviation

Administration

Senate seemed very Verbose... they provided  an additional $5.0M for UAS but with considerable language.  

Also adds language so that the COE works with Disaster response agencies, Dept of Homeland Security and Dept of Agriculture...more late 

8

FY 2016 Senate Language

Unmanned Aerial Systems Research—Test Sites.—The Committee notes that integration of UAS into the National Airspace System [NAS] remains a national priority with the potential to increase public safety and bring economic benefits to a wide range of  industries. In December 2013, the FAA chose six UAS test sites to assist the FAA in meeting its UAS research needs. In order to successfully meet its goals for integration, the FAA must execute an organized research plan to effectively leverage the capabilities of the test sites, as well as research being done by other Federal agencies, such as the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, to guide its ongoing efforts to integrate UAS into the NAS. Research projects and programs funded through the center of excellence should use the airspace and capabilities available through the six test sites when conducting flight operations and collecting data. The Committee expects UAS flight operations conducted as part of  the center of excellence research to be performed at one of six test sites selected for UAS research and airspace integration. The Committee also directs the FAA’s William J. Hughes Technical Center to use these test sites in conducting its research and operational tests. The Committee recommendation includes $14,635,000 for unmanned aircraft systems research, of which $9,635,000 fully funds the FAA’s budget request to support the technical center’s research activities related to unmanned systems. This funding may be used to support the center’s research activities and operational tests conducted at the test sites.

Because of the importance of these efforts, the Committee reiterates its direction from last year to improve the ‘‘Integration of Civil Unmanned Aircraft Systems [UAS] in the National Airspace System [NAS] Roadmap,’’ by including a strategic plan on research efforts.  The strategic plan shall discuss: the specific research needs to safely integrate UAS into the NAS, including an examination of the research goals that the FAA must reach in order to successfully and safely advance NAS integration; FAA’s strategy to obtain the identified research through partnerships with other Federal agencies, the UAS center of excellence, participants in the UAS and aviation industry, and the UAS test sites; and an evaluation of the ability of the UAS test sites to coordinate with the FAA and its center of excellence, and participate in the FAA’s strategy to help achieve the research goals identified in the roadmap. The roadmap should also address milestones for research and development activities needed to allow operations of UAS flying beyond the line of sight. The first edition of the roadmap was published in 2013, and the Committee directs the FAA to update this roadmap no later than December 31, 2016.

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Federal Aviation

Administration

UAS Test Sites – direction is use the test sites and have the COEs use the test sites and have the tech center use the test sites for operational and research efforts 

The Committee wants FAA to update is UAS Road Map but also include a strategic plan on research efforts.  

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FY 2016 Senate Language

 Unmanned Aerial Systems Research—Coordination with Other  Agencies.—Both the U.S. Customs and Border Protection [CBP] and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NASA] research and develop UAS technologies. The Committee therefore encourages the FAA to leverage these research and development efforts as it integrates UAS into the national airspace. The Committee expects the FAA to use the resources provided for UAS research under the Committee recommendation to collect and evaluate data and information from CBP and NASA UAS projects, and to collaborate with these partners on research efforts necessary to integrate UAS into the national airspace. 

Unmanned Aerospace Systems.—Media Projects.—The Committee urges the FAA to direct potential news and broadcast media pilot projects to the UAS test sites for consideration. The test sites would conduct these projects of small unmanned aircraft systems in both simulated and live demonstrations of covering breaking news and other special events. Current FAA regulations and policies generally prohibit the operation of small UAS over persons not directly involved with the UAS operation. These restrictions severely inhibit the media’s ability to serve the public interest through effective news gathering, and instead relegate media to use of manned helicopters, which the FAA itself has recognized poses greater risks to persons on the ground. The Committee recognizes the FAA’s recently announced Pathfinder program includes a project with CNN to study operations over people. The Committee supports this project but believes it should be expanded, given the public interest in enhancing news gathering through innovative technologies. The objective of the pilot projects is to demonstrate the technological capabilities and operational conditions that would ensure the safety of operations of small UASs to attend breaking news and other special events.

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Federal Aviation

Administration

UAS language here requests/requires that FAA work with U.S. Customs and Border Protection and NASA  UAS integration in to the NAS...more working other Federal agencies on UAS....Very cross cutting issue

Work with the media so that they can use UAS  instead of helicopters   again use the test  sites for testing...

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FY 2016 Senate Language

Unmanned Aircraft Systems and Airport Operations.—Given the rise in the number of UAS sightings at our Nation’s airports, there is interest in using technology that will detect, identify and track air vehicles and ground controllers to explicitly identify UAS without interference and ensure the safety of existing airport operations. The Committee therefore urges the FAA to work with airports in order to assess the ability of such technology to defeat an errant or hostile UAS without causing collateral damage to essential navigation systems, wireless communications, the general public or other airport operations.

Alternative Fuels for General Aviation.—The Committee recommendation includes $7,000,000 for research that supports alternative fuels for general aviation. This funding level is $1,167,000 above the budget request and $1,000,000 above the fiscal year 2015 enacted level.

Environmental Sustainability.—The Committee recommendation includes a total of $41,897,000 for research related to environmental sustainability, which is $3,013,000 above the budget request and $3,962,000 above the fiscal year 2015 enacted level. This total includes $16,074,000 under the ‘‘Environment and energy’’ and another $25,823,000 under ‘‘NextGen—Environmental research aircraft technologies, fuels, and metrics.’’ The funding provided under these headings supports the FAA’s continuous, lower energy emissions, and noise program [CLEEN], which has helped advance the research and development of advanced engine and airframe technologies that conserve more fuel and produce fewer emissions than today’s technology. The funding also supports the FAA’s center of excellence for alternative jet fuels and environment. The Committee directs the increase provided under its recommendation to this center

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Federal Aviation

Administration

Work with Airports on detecting, identifying and  tracking a UAS with out interfering with airport operations.    Heard a lot on the news recently

The committee added $1.167M for NextGen Alt Fuels for GA...no real direction as to what to do with the additional funds

Senate added  $1.0M to the Core E&E ($16.0M)  program and $2M to the NextGen Program ($25.8M)

This is after we increased the NextGen program from FY 15 19M to (enactedat $23M plus $3.5) to the FY 16 request $23.8) 

This is to support the CLEEN program and the E&E COE

A Conference Committee will have to resolve the differences between the House and the Senate Language and the differences between the appropriation amount and the bli adjustments 

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FY 16 Congressional Issues

Sequestration is an issue for FY 2016 Budget Request

Defense Overseas Contingency Operations ($38B) 

Senate filibuster problem

Debt Ceiling not supposed to be an issue for FY 2016 Budget Request

FY 2016 is most likely to start FY 2016 a CR

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Federal Aviation

Administration

	Big issue may be the distribution between the defense budget and non defense  The OCO  helps the Defense Dept. make up some of the funds lost due to sequestration. The OCO is considered off budget.  In the past it supported the war effort in Afghanistan and Iran but now for first time it will fund basic budget needs

The non defense (discretionary) does  not have an equivalent off budget vehicle  so the Democrats want the non defense budget increased by the same amount.

Because of timing (ceiling may be hit around the time that the Congress is finalizing the FY 16 budget) now the Debt ceiling may become an issue

While early in the process both sides said there would not be a shutdown – now there is more talk of a shutdown...both sides feel they have a strong case to  be made to the American Public so there may not be an incentive to compromise.  One side has Pair of Aces the other  side has a AK so they both think the winning hand and both may go all in

12

R,E&D FY 17 Budget Status

FY 17 R,E&D OST Submission June 15, 2015

FY 17 R,E&D OMB Submission early Sept. 2016

Scheduled date of FY 17 budget presented to Congress February 1, 2016

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Federal Aviation

Administration

Once the budget goes to OST it is goes from planning process  to being reviewed and can not be discussed. 

OMB Passback in late November or early December – last year was much  later than this but hopefully this year we can be on scheduel

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Out Year Targets

Targets established Jan. 2015

FY 17 - $169M

FY 18 - $173M

FY 19 - $174M

FY 20 - $176M

FY 21 - $180M

Expect targets to change

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Federal Aviation

Administration

FY 17 may change due to Passback can change from OST to OMB but I have never seen it change 

We get new funding levels for the outyears typically the second week of January this year we did not get the out-year funding levels until late Feb.  

This will effect the development of the FY 18 budget This number may change as we go thru the review process

14

FAA Reauthorization

Current Authorization thru FY 2015

Congress has put reauthorization on hold until September 2015

Will require an extension

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Federal Aviation

Administration

15

Budget Future - TBD

It is unclear regarding funding levels after FY 15

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Federal Aviation

Administration

Depending on point of view either a sunrise and burning off the fog of uncertainty or sunset on the good times, a storm is coming in and that sequestration will require more budget cuts

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