# Patent

## Title
Formliner and method of use

## Abstract

A formliner and method of use are provided in order to minimize and/or eliminate visible seaming between interconnected formliners. In some embodiments, the formliner can comprise raised sections that define interrelated inner and outer dimensions. Thus, a plurality of formliners can be interconnected by overlaying raised sections thereof. Further, the formliner can comprise one or more detents and one or more protrusions to enable engagement between interconnected formliners without requiring adhesives. In this manner, formliners can be interconnected in a nested manner such that visible seaming between the interconnected formliners is reduced and/or eliminated.

## Background
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
The present application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/238,294, filed Sep. 25, 2008, which is pending, the entirety of the contents of which is incorporated herein by reference.


BACKGROUND
1. Field of the Inventions
The present inventions relate generally to concrete formliners and methods of using the same. More specifically, the present inventions relate to an improved formliner with snap fitting components that eliminates the need for using adhesives for interconnecting a plurality of formliners in a pattern. Further, the formliner is configured to reduce and/or eliminate visible seams in order to create a more natural appearance in a finished product.
2. Description of the Related Art
Decorative masonry and concrete construction have become increasingly popular in recent years. The facades of homes and other buildings that had previously been constructed in very simple and plain concrete are now being replaced with either decorative stone and brick or decorative concrete construction.
As a result of the increased demand for stone and brick work, various improvements have been made in stone and brick masonry and concrete construction. These improvements have lowered the cost for such construction by decreasing the time or skill requirements previously needed to perform such work.
For example, in stone and brick masonry, facings and floors have traditionally constructed by skilled artisans from individual units. However, recent advances have been made in the masonry art which allow artisans to more quickly and accurately perform stone or brick work. In particular, various panels, forms, and mounting systems have been developed that allow individual units to be placed in precise geometric patterns, thus eliminating much of the painstaking effort usually expended by the artisan. This now allows generally unskilled artisans, such as the do-it-yourselfer, to create a high-quality product.
Perhaps more importantly for projects with a tighter budget, advances in concrete construction now allow artisans to create a faux stone or brick appearance in concrete with a formliner. As a result, one may achieve the appearance of stone or brick without the associated cost.
A concrete formliner generally comprises an interior surface onto which concrete is poured. The interior surface of the formliner typically includes a desired pattern or shape that will be transferred to the concrete to form a cured concrete casting. In many cases, the formliner is lined up with additional formliners to create a pattern over a wide area. The concrete casting can be created in a horizontal (such as for tilt up construction) or vertical casting process, and can be pre-cast, or cast-at-site construction.
After the concrete has cured, the formliners are removed from the exposed surface of the concrete, thus revealing the desired pattern or shape. Such patterns or shapes can include faux stone or brick, wave patterns, emblems, etc.
SUMMARY
As noted above, in recent years, significant advances have been made in the art of concrete laying. Various techniques and equipment have been developed that allow for the creation of decorative patterns in the concrete, especially a faux stone or brick appearance. The results of such techniques and equipment provide the appearance of stone or brick without the cost.
However, according to at least one of the embodiments disclosed herein is the realization that in using multiple formliners, seams are created between the formliners where the formliners meet. For example, in order to create a large pattern or casting with prior art formliners, the formliners are merely placed together using butt joints, thus creating significant visible seams between the formliners. As a result, the appearance of the exposed surface of the concrete is compromised. An unsightly seam is very easy to notice and takes a substantial amount of time and effort to remove from cured concrete. Further, in large-scale projects, it is simply too cost prohibitive to re-work the cured concrete in order to remove the seams. As such, the seams are simply left in place resulting in an inferior concrete product.
Accordingly, in at least one embodiment disclosed herein, an improved formliner is provided which minimizes and/or eliminates the seams between multiple interconnected formliners. One of the advantages of embodiments disclosed herein is that a seam between adjacent formliners is created along corners at or along a bottom portion of a prepared formliner assembly or mold cavity of a casting. For example, in some embodiments, a seam between adjacent and/or interconnected formliners can be formed by an edge of a first formliner positioned against or in a corner or face of an adjacent second formliner. In some embodiments, the seam can lie along the intersection of one or more surfaces, such as at a corner of a mold or formwork. Additionally, in other embodiments, the seam can be positioned such that the weight of a curable material, such as concrete, against the formliners causes the formliners to be pressed against each other with greater force thereby minimizing and/or eliminating the seam between the adjacent formliners.
In accordance with yet another embodiment is the realization that the set up and interconnection of formliners can be expedited by eliminating the need to apply adhesives to the overlapping joints of interconnected formliners. In other words, the realization is that the assembly time for a forming a large pattern of interconnected formliners can be substantially reduced, as well as the cost and parts required, by eliminating the need for adhesives. In order to provide such a superior benefit, embodiments of the formliners disclosed herein can comprise a snap-fit arrangement that allows overlapping formliners to form an interlocking joint. Thus, the formliners can be securely connected without using adhesives. Further, such embodiments also result in reduced seaming between the formliners where the formliners meet. Furthermore, another of the unique advantages of such an interlocking joint is that the joint is further stabilized and strengthened through the application of force to the overlapping formliners, such as the application of a curable material such as concrete. Therefore, such an interlocking joint not only allows for the elimination of adhesives, but also provides several structural benefits that ultimately create an aesthetically superior product.
As discussed herein, embodiments of the formliner can also be referred to as a sheet or panel. Some embodiments of the formliner can define interconnecting portions such that multiple formliners can be overlaid with each other at the interconnecting portions thereof. Optionally, the interconnecting portions of the formliner can define variable geometries.
For example, a given interconnecting portion of the formliner can nest within another given interconnecting portion of the formliner. In such embodiments, as well as in other embodiments disclosed herein, the formliner can be configured such that upper surfaces of the interconnected formliners are flush with each other and joints between the interconnected formliners are minimized. Thus, embodiments disclosed herein can achieve a natural appearance of faux stone and brick with minimized, negligible, or imperceptible seaming.
In accordance with some embodiments, the formliner can comprise interlocking portions configured to overlap when the formliner is interconnected with another formliner such that seams between the interconnected formliners run along an edge or corner of the interconnected formliners. In this manner, the seams between interconnected formliners can be masked among discontinuities in a surface. Thus, the seams can be further concealed from view.
In such an embodiment, a formliner is provided for creating a decorative pattern on a curable material. The formliner can comprise a sheet of material, at least one cell formed in the sheet of material, and at least one rib extending along the cell and forming a boundary of the cell. The rib can define a raised profile. Further, the rib can comprise a hollow first section and a second section.
The hollow first section can define an inner corner wherealong the first section interconnects with the cell and a free outer edge. The outer edge can comprise at least one protrusion that extends inwardly toward the inner corner thereof. The first section can further define a cross-sectional exterior profile and a recess that defines a cross-sectional interior profile.
The second section can define a cross-sectional exterior profile. The cross-sectional exterior profile of the second section can be less than the cross-sectional interior profile of the recess of the first section. The second section can further define an inner corner wherealong the second section interconnects with the cell and a free outer edge. The inner corner can comprise at least one detent extending inwardly toward the outer edge thereof. In this regard, a plurality of formliners can be interconnected by overlaying first sections onto second sections such that the protrusion of the first section engages the detent of the second section such that visible seams in the decorative pattern are minimized when the first formliner and the second formliner are interconnected in use.
In some embodiments, the protrusion of the outer edge of the first section of the rib can define a length that is less than a total length of the outer edge thereof. Further, the detent of the inner corner of the second section of the rib can define a length that is less than a total length of the inner corner thereof. In other embodiments, the inner corner of the first section can comprise at least one protrusion that extends inwardly toward the outer edge thereof, and the outer edge of the second section can comprise a detent that extends inwardly toward the inner corner thereof. Further, the at least one rib of the formliner can be arcuately shaped.
Additionally, the formliner can further comprise at least one opening formed in the first section and a transition zone formed in the rib between the first section in the second section to interconnect the first section with the second section. The transition zone can define a variable cross-sectional exterior profile increasing from the cross-sectional exterior profile of the second section to the cross-sectional exterior profile of the first section.
In accordance with another embodiment, a panel is provided for forming a pattern in a curable material. The panel can comprise a series of shaped regions for imparting, when curable material is in the regions, the pattern on a wall or the like. The panel can be formed with the shaped regions each being bounded by ridges. The ridges of the panel can be configured to enable the panel to be engageable with another panel to increase the area of application of the pattern. In this regard, at least one of the ridges of the panel can have an open end to allow the ridges of the panel to overlay at least one of the ridges of the other panel. Further, the ridges of the panel can include an overlapping ridge and an overlapped ridge. The overlapped ridge can comprise a detent that is configured to engage with a protrusion of an overlapping ridge of another panel when the overlapping ridge of the other panel is overlaid onto the overlapped ridge in order to interconnect the panels.
In some implementations, the detent of the panel can be formed in a corner between the overlapped ridge and the shaped region of the panel. Further, the detent can extend in a direction away from the shaped region of the panel. Additionally, the protrusion of the panel can be formed along a free side edge of the overlapping ridge of the panel. In this regard, the protrusion can extend in a direction toward the shaped region of the panel.
In other implementations, the overlapped ridge can comprise at least a pair of detents that are disposed on opposing sides of the overlapped ridge, and the overlapping ridge can comprise at least a pair of protrusions disposed on opposing sides of the overlapping ridge. In this regard, a plurality of panels can be interconnected such that the protrusions of the overlapping ridge engage the detents of the overlapped ridge.
According to yet another embodiment, a system of interconnectable panels is provided for forming a pattern in a curable material. Each panel can comprise one or more shaped regions for imparting, when curable material is in the regions, the pattern on a wall or the like. The shaped regions can each be bounded by ridges. At least one of the ridges of each panel can have an open end to allow the ridges of the panel to overlay at least one of the ridges of the other panel. The ridges can comprise a detent and a protrusion that are configured to enable a given panel to be engageable with another panel when the ridges of the panels are overlaid to increase the area of application of the pattern.
The system can be configured such that the ridges can comprise at least a pair of detents disposed on opposing sides of the ridge and at least a pair of protrusions disposed on opposing sides of the ridge. For example, a plurality of panels can be interconnected with the ridge of a given panel being overlaid onto the ridge of another panel such that protrusions of the ridge of the given panel engage the detents of the ridge of the other panel.
In some embodiments, the system can be configured such that each panel comprises an overlapping ridge and an overlapped ridge. The overlapped ridge can comprise the detent, and the overlapping ridge can comprise the protrusion. In this regard, the panels can be engaged by overlaying an overlapping ridge onto an overlapped ridge to engage a protrusion of the overlapping ridge with a detent of the overlapped ridge. Further, the protrusion of each panel can be formed along a free side edge of the overlapping ridge. For example, the protrusion can extend in a direction toward the shaped region. Furthermore, the detent of each panel can be formed in a corner portion of the panel between the overlapped ridge and the shaped region. For example, the detent can extend in a direction away from the shaped region.
In some implementations, each panel can define a perimeter and the ridges extend about the perimeter thereof. Further, each panel can comprise overlapped ridges and overlapping ridges. The overlapping ridges can comprise one or more open ends such that an overlapped ridge can be overlaid by an overlapping ridge and extend from the open end of the overlapping ridge. In this regard, the overlapping ridges can define an interior dimension that is greater than an exterior dimension of the overlapped ridges.
In accordance with yet another embodiment, a method is provided for transferring a decorative pattern to a curable material. The method can comprise: providing a plurality of formliners, each formliner comprising one or more shaped regions being bounded by ridges, each formliner defining overlapped ridges and overlapping ridges, the overlapped ridges having a detent, the overlapping ridges having a protrusion; engaging a first formliner with a second formliner by overlaying overlapping ridges of the first formliner on to overlapped ridges of the second formliner; causing engagement between a protrusion of one of the overlapping ridges with a detent of one of the overlapped ridges; and placing the curable material against the first and second formliners to transmit a decorative pattern formed by the shaped regions of the first and second formliners to the curable material.
One of the unique aspects of such a method is that it can be implemented such that no adhesive is used to engage the first formliner with the second formliner. In some implementations, the step of causing engagement between a protrusion of one of the overlapping ridges with a detent of one of the overlapped ridges can be completed prior to placing the curable material against the first and second formliners. Further, the step of causing engagement between a protrusion of one of the overlapping ridges with a detent of one of the overlapped ridges can comprise engaging a pair of protrusions of an overlapping ridge with a pair of detents of the overlapped ridge. In this regard, the pair of protrusions can be disposed on opposing sides of the overlapping ridge and the pair of detents can be disposed on opposing sides of the overlapped ridge.
Moreover, the method can also further comprising the step of engaging a third formliner with the first formliner and the second formliner. The third formliner can comprise overlapping ridges and overlapped ridges, and one of the first, second, and third formliner comprising a sub-overlapped ridge section. The sub-overlapped ridge section can define an exterior geometry that can be less than an interior geometry of the overlapped ridges. In this regard, the method can further comprise overlaying an overlapped ridge onto the sub-overlapped ridge section. Additionally, the sub-overlapped ridge section can be formed along a corner of a periphery of the first formliner, and the method can comprise overlaying the second formliner and the third formliner onto the first formliner at the sub-overlapped ridge section of the first formliner.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The abovementioned and other features of the inventions disclosed herein are described below with reference to the drawings of the preferred embodiments. The illustrated embodiments are intended to illustrate, but not to limit the inventions. The drawings contain the following figures:
FIGS. 1A-C illustrate a prior art brickwork form system.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a formliner, according to an embodiment of the present inventions.
FIG. 3 is a top view of a plurality of formliners that are interconnected to create a formliner assembly, according to an embodiment.
FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional side view taken along section 4-4 of FIG. 3.
FIG. 4B is an enlarged view of a portion of the cross-sectional side view of FIG. 4A.
FIG. 4C is another enlarged view of a portion of the cross-sectional side view of FIG. 4A wherein the formliners are shown prior to interconnection thereof, according to an embodiment.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional side view of a formliner, similar to that shown in FIGS. 4A-C, according to another embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a top view of a formliner, according to an embodiment.
FIG. 7 is an end view taken along section 7-7 of FIG. 6.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of first and second formliners as the first formliner is overlaid onto the second formliner, according to an embodiment.
FIG. 9 is an enlarged perspective view of a rib corner of the formliner shown in FIG. 2.
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a first formliner, a second formliner, and a third formliner illustrating nesting of the formliners along a rib corner of the first formliner, according to an embodiment.
FIG. 11 is a perspective view of first and second formliners in an interconnected configuration, according to an embodiment.
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional side view of the first and second formliners shown in FIG. 11 illustrating flush exterior surfaces of the first and second formliners.
FIG. 13 is a top view of a formliner for forming a mold corner, according to another embodiment.
FIG. 14 is a perspective view of first and second formliners configured to form a mold corner, according to an embodiment.
FIG. 15 is a perspective view of first and second formliners configured to form a mold corner, according to another embodiment.
FIG. 16 is a top view of an alternative configuration of a formliner, according to an embodiment.
FIG. 17 is a top view of another alternative configuration of a formliner, according to another embodiment.
FIG. 18 is a perspective view of yet another alternative configuration of a formliner, according to another embodiment.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION
While the present description sets forth specific details of various embodiments, it will be appreciated that the description is illustrative only and should not be construed in any way as limiting. Furthermore, various applications of such embodiments and modifications thereto, which may occur to those who are skilled in the art, are also encompassed by the general concepts described herein.
As generally discussed above, embodiments of the present inventions are advantageously configured in order to enhance the aesthetic finish of a concrete structure. In particular, embodiments disclosed herein can be used to create a natural, seamless appearance of brick, stone, and other types of materials in a concrete structure.
In contrast to prior art formliners that produce an inferior quality product, the structures of embodiments of the formliner disclosed herein, which can also be referred to as a panel or sheet, allow the formliner to create decorative patterns that are visually superior to results provided through the prior art. These significant advantages are due at least in part to the nesting arrangement of the variable size channels of embodiments of the formliner disclosed herein. In particular, the formliner can comprise one or more large interconnection sections and one or more small interconnection sections such that a plurality of formliners can be interconnected at their respective large and small interconnection sections. When interconnected, the plurality of formliners can define one or more generally continuous dimensions or shapes of raise portions thereof. For example, the large and small interconnection sections can configured as nesting semi-cylinders that form a rib structure. Additional advantages and features of embodiments of the formliner are discussed further below.
Additionally, in accordance various embodiments, no adhesive is required to interconnect a plurality of the formliners during set up. As noted above, one of the inventive realizations disclosed herein is that the set up and interconnection of formliners can be expedited by eliminating the need to apply adhesives to the overlapping joints of interconnected formliners. Thus, the assembly time for a setting up a large pattern of interconnected formliners can be substantially reduced, as well as the cost and parts required, by eliminating the need for adhesives.
In order to provide such a superior benefit, embodiments of the formliners disclosed herein can comprise a snap-fit arrangement that allows overlapping formliners to form an interlocking joint. Thus, the formliners can be securely connected without using adhesives. Further, such embodiments also result in reduced seaming between the formliners where the formliners meet. Furthermore, another of the unique advantages of such an interlocking joint is that the joint is further stabilized and strengthened through the application of force to the overlapping formliners, such as the application of a curable material such as concrete. Therefore, such an interlocking joint not only allows for the elimination of adhesives, but also provides several structural benefits that ultimately create an aesthetically superior product.
Another unique benefit of embodiments disclosed herein is that the interlocking joint can be formed by encasing a rib or ridge of an overlapped formliner with a rib or ridge of an overlapping formliner. In other words, the rib of the overlapping formliner can comprise a recess or cavity into which the rib of the overlapped formliner can be received. The cavity can comprise an opening that is less than the cross-sectional size or passing profile of the rib of the overlapped formliner. Thus, the opening of the cavity must be expanded when the rib of the overlapped formliner is inserted therein. Such expansion can occur through deflection or elastic deformation of the opening. The rib of the overlapped formliner can be inserted into the cavity until being fully received therein such that the opening of the cavity returns to its normal size, thus collapsing around a lower portion or base of the rib of the overlapped formliner. In this manner, the rib of the overlapped formliner is encased within the cavity. The term “snap-fit” can refer to the interference fit, deformation, and subsequent collapsing of the opening to its normal size around the base of the rib of the overlapped formliner. Additionally, the encasing of the rib of the overlapped formliner thereby prevents horizontal and vertical relative movement between the overlapped and overlapping formliners.
In this regard, the interlocking joint and encasing disclosed above is distinct from various other prior art systems, such as that disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,858,410, issued to Goldman (hereinafter “Goldman”). FIGS. 1A-C are the original FIGS. 3-5 taken from the Goldman reference and illustrate a modular brickwork form 2 that is disclosed in Goldman. The brickwork form 2 comprises raised dividers 3 and raised edges 4. A first edge 7 of first form 8 overlaps a second edge 9 of a second form 10. Dimples 6 on the first edge 7 nest within the dimples 6 on the second edge 9 (see FIG. 1C). Goldman indicates that the dimples 6 are concave up/convex down depressions on the edge 4. The shape and location of the dimples, raised dividers and edges allow nesting of the forms when stacked. Further, the notches or dimples 6 are also placed to overlap and nest within adjoining dimples (see FIG. 1B).
FIG. 1C illustrates a cross-sectional side view of the dimples 6 of the Goldman brickwork form. Goldman indicates that the forms are stacked such that the first form 8 is placed on top of second form 10. Dividers 6 provide a spacing “a” between bricks (see FIG. 1B). The dividers and dimpled edges 4 are tapered by an angle “b” to allow nesting when stacked. The edge dimension “c” is slightly smaller than “a” and is selected to provide a spaced apart dimension “a” between adjoining bricks when first form 8 is placed on top of the second form 10. The depth “d” of dimples 6 is a function of the need to retain adjoining forms. If the forms are to be laid out on a flat horizontal surface, the dimples function only as locators, requiring a nominal projection into the adjoining edge. The depth “d” of the preferred embodiment in this case is less than 3 cm (0.125 inches) in comparison to the overall raised edge dimension “e” which is approximately 9 cm (0.375 inches).
Thus, although the Goldman reference discloses a brickwork form with dimples, the dimples thereof do not comprise any protrusion or detent, for example, to interlock the dimples 6 of the first form 8 with the dimples of the second form 10. The dimples 6 serve only a locating function when positioning the forms to align the ridges of the forms relative to each other. However, the dimples can easily be dislodged or shifted. Further, it is apparent that loading on the edges of the forms can create deformation of the edges. Because the dimples do not serve to restrict separation between the forms in a vertical direction, such loading can cause the forms to be disengaged and become misaligned. The dimples simply do not interlock the forms or provide any meaningful engagement between the forms that can eliminate the need for adhesives. Indeed, adhesives are required in order to properly adjoin the forms disclosed in the Goldman reference.
In contrast, embodiments disclosed herein provide a secure interconnection and engagement between overlapping formliners. For example, as discussed herein, an embodiment of the formliner can comprise a protrusion and a detent such that a plurality of formliners can be interconnected with the protrusions engaging respective detents such that the formliners are not only restrained in a horizontal direction, but also in a vertical direction. As such, these features can effectively eliminate the need for glues and adhesives required by inferior prior art designs. The Goldman reference simply does not disclose such features and provides no teaching or suggestion of such features.
Embodiments of the formliner and formliner components disclosed herein can be manufactured using any of a variety of processes. For example, it is contemplated that some embodiments can be formed using a sheet and a vacuum forming operation. Other manufacturing processes such as injection molding, stamping, extrusion, etc. can also be used.
With reference now to FIGS. 2-18, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a formliner, panel, or sheet 100 in accordance with an embodiment of the present inventions. The formliner 100 can comprise a plurality of ribs, ridges, or channels 102. The ribs 102 can be a raised portion of the formliner 100. The ribs 102 can define an outer perimeter of the formliner 100. Additionally, the ribs 102 can extend inwardly to form one or more cells or recesses 104.
In some embodiments, the cells 104 can comprise a recessed portion of the formliner 100. The recessed portion of the cell 104 can be configured to receive a curable material to which a pattern of the formliner can be conferred or transferred. The cells 104 can be uniformly sized. For example, the cells 104 can be rectangularly shaped. As discussed below, embodiments of the formliner 100 can implement other shapes, depths, and sizes of the cells 104.
As illustrated in the embodiment of FIG. 2, the cells or recesses 104 can be arranged in rows. As will be discussed further below, the cells or recesses 104 of a given row can be offset with respect to cells or recesses of an adjacent or neighboring row. In this regard, a plurality of formliners 100 can be interconnected along ends thereof in such a way as to reduce any visible appearance of a seam between interconnected formliners. The offset configuration of the cells or recesses 104 in some embodiments can aid in concealing or hiding any seaming between formliners.
Additionally, the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2 illustrates that the cells 104 of adjacent rows can be offset from each other such that at opposing ends of the formliner 100, some of the cells 104 protrude at the end. In this regard, the rows can be formed to include projecting and non-projecting cells 104. The projecting cells can be considered to be complete or whole cells. In other words, the projecting cells are not smaller than other cells 104 of the pattern even though the offset configuration of the cells 104 causes the projecting cells to protrude at one side or end of the formliner 100. As will be discussed further below, the projecting cells of the pattern can be interconnected with projecting cells of another formliner.
The embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2 can be used to create a faux brick pattern on a concrete structure. The formliner 100 can define a panel periphery bounding the plurality of cells 104 by a plurality of sides. The formliner 100 defines an upper surface 110. Although not shown in FIG. 2, the formliner 100 also defines a lower surface. In use, the upper surface 110 of the formliner 100 would be positioned such that it can be pressed into fresh concrete. This can be accomplished by placing the upper surface 110 of the formliner 100 against an exposed surface of fresh concrete. Otherwise, this can be accomplished by affixing the lower surface of the formliner 100 to an interior wall of a pattern, casting, or formwork before concrete is poured into the pattern, casting, or formwork. In either case, a material, such as concrete can be placed against the decorative pattern of the formliner 100 defined by the ribs 102 and the cells 104 in order to transfer the decorative pattern to the exposed surface of the material as the material cures.
In many cases, the exposed surface of a given structure, such as a wall, walking area, or the like, consists of a large surface area. In order to cover the entire area, several formliners must be used. As shown in the formliner assembly of FIG. 3, several formliners 120, 122, and 124 can be interconnected in order to transfer a decorative pattern onto a large surface area. The interconnection of these formliners 120, 122, and 124 provides a distinct advantage over prior art to formliners because the seams between the formliners 120, 122, and 124 are insubstantial and/or eliminated compared to prior art formliners.
As discussed above, FIG. 3 illustrates that the formliner 120 can comprise projecting cells 125 in the formliner 122 can comprise one or more projecting cells 126. These projecting cells 125, 126 can be positioned in different rooms of the formliners 120, 122. Thus, the projecting cells 125 can be positioned adjacent to non-projecting cells of the formliner 122 in the projecting cell 126 can be positioned adjacent to a non-projecting cell of the formliner 120. Thus, the cells of the formliner 120 can be offset with respect to each other and with respect to cells above the formliner 122. Moreover, the interconnection of the formliners 120, 122 can be accomplished using offset projecting cells 125, 126.
In accordance with some embodiments, the formliner 100 illustrated in FIG. 2 can be configured such that a plurality of formliners 100 can be interconnected at their top and bottom ends and sides. FIG. 3 illustrates this principle. The formliners 120, 122, and 124 can be interconnected and overlap each other. This interconnection allows the formliners to be easily handled and assembled to a given size. Importantly however, the formliner is configured such that portions thereof can overlap and create a generally uniform and seamless rib structure on the upper surface 110 of the formliners 120, 122, and 124. In other words, the shape and depth of the rib structure formed in the exposed surface of the concrete structure can be generally constant and the transition from a given formliner to another given formliner can be generally imperceptible.
Moreover, in some embodiments, edges of each of the respective formliners 120, 122, and 124 can lie along a corner or edge feature of the decorative pattern. As such, when a curable material is placed in against the formliners and takes the shape, in this case of a rectangle having right-angle corners, an edge 127 of the formliner 122 forms a portion of the corner of the molded or formed rectangle and becomes nearly imperceptible. Accordingly, the overlapping edges 127 of the formliner 122 create minimal visible seaming, if at all, between the formliners 120 and 122. This principle is illustrated in greater detail in FIGS. 8-11.
Additionally, transition zones or joints 128 are formed where upper surfaces of ribs the formliners 120, 122, and 124 meet. In this regard, the transition zones or joints 128 can be toleranced in order to define an extremely narrow gap between interconnected formliners. Thus, any seaming at the transition zones or joints 128 can also be greatly reduced in order to reduce and/or eliminate visible seaming.
In this regard, the formliner 100 can be configured such that the plurality of ribs 102 includes one or more overlapping portions 130 and one or more overlapped portions 132. The overlapping portions 130 can be configured to include an internal cavity with an internal geometry that accommodates the external geometry of the overlapped portions 132. Thus, the overlapped portions 132 can be received within the internal cavities of the overlapping portions 130.
The formliner 100 can be configured to comprise a protrusion and a detent in order to facilitate interconnection between a plurality of formliners. For example, the ribs 102 can be configured to comprise one or more protrusions 136 and/or detents 138. In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4A-C, the protrusion 136 and/or the detent 138 can be disposed on the rib 102. The protrusion 136 and/or detent 138 can extend along less than the entire length of a respective rib 102 such that the protrusion 136 and/or detent 138 is offset from a corner or end of the respective rib. Indeed, a series of the protrusions 136 and/or detents 138 can extend along a length of the rib, with a series of breaks between respective protrusions 136 and/or detents 138.
For example, the protrusion 136 can be disposed on overlapping portions 130 of the rib 102, and the detent 138 can be disposed on overlapped portions 132 of the rib 102. As such, when the formliner 100 is interconnected with other formliners, as shown in FIG. 3, the protrusions and the detents can engage each other to interlock the formliners in an assembled state. Due to the superior engagement created by the protrusions and detents, no adhesives need be used to secure the formliners to each other. Thus, the assembled formliner system can be placed in a form and a curable material can be placed thereon without worry of having the edges or ribs of the formliners become disengaged from each other. Moreover, no adhesive is required for such exceptional performance. As noted above, these advantages are not present or taught in the prior art.
In some embodiments, the plurality of ribs 102 of the formliner 100 can be configured to comprise one or more non-overlap portions 134. The non-overlap portions 134 can extend between overlapping portions 130 and overlapped portions 132. However, the non-overlap portions 134 will not overlap or be overlapped by portions of another formliner win a plurality of formliners are interconnected. When a plurality of formliners is interconnected, the external surface of the overlapping portions 130 can be flush with the external surface of the non-overlap portions 134.
An illustration of this principle is shown in FIGS. 4A-C and 7 and described below. FIG. 4A it is a cross-sectional side view taken along Section 4A-4A of FIG. 3. FIG. 3 illustrates that a right side 140 of the formliner 120 overlaps with a left side 142 of the formliner 122.
In FIG. 4A, an overlapping portion 144 of the formliner 122 rests on top of an overlapped portion 146 of the formliner 120. The cross-sectional side view also illustrates a cell 150 of the formliner 120. Further, the formliners 120, 122 are configured such that the overlapping portion 144 of the formliner 122 defines an outer surface that matches an outer surface of the ribs 102 of the formliners 120, 122, and 124. In other words, the overlapping portions of a formliner can have an outer dimension that is equal to an outer dimension of the non-overlap portions of the ribs of the formliner. Thus, the overall rib structure of interconnected formliners will seem continuous in shape and dimension because the overlapping portions and the non-overlap portions (and not the overlapped portions) of the ribs of the formliners are the only portions of the ribs that are exposed.
In addition, as discussed below with regard to FIG. 12, one of the significant advantages of embodiments disclosed herein is that they are able to reduce and/or eliminate seams between adjacent formliners using the significant compressive stresses created by the weight of a curable material, such as concrete, poured onto a formliner assembly or formliner mold cavity. In other words, the configuration of the overlapped and overlapping portions of adjacent formliners enabled the weight of the material to press down upon the overlapping portions of a formliner in order to optimize the fit between overlapping portions and overlapped portions of adjacent formliners to thereby reduce any visible seaming between the formliners.
FIG. 4A also illustrates that in some embodiments, the overlapping portions 144 can comprise the protrusions 136 that engage with detents 138 of the overlapped portions 146. In the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 4A-C, the protrusions 136 and the detents 138 can define a generally trapezoidal cross-sectional profile. However, as described below, the protrusions and detents in some embodiments can define a variety of cross-sexual profiles. Further, FIG. 4A indicates that in some embodiments, the ribs of the formliners 120, 122, 124 can each comprise free side edges and corner portions wherealong the rib interconnects with the cell of the formliner. For example, the ribs of the formliner 120 can comprise a corner portion 170 and a free side edge 172. Additionally, the ribs of the formliner 122 can comprise a corner portion 174 and a free side edge 176. Likewise, the ribs of the formliner 124 can also comprise a corner portion and a free side edge.
As illustrated, some embodiments can be configured such that the corner portions of the ribs are formed to include a protrusion or a detent. Similarly, embodiments can be configured such that the free side edges are formed to include a protrusion or a detent. The arrangement of the protrusions and detents along the corner portions or free side edges can be determined based on the pattern, for example. However, as shown in FIG. 4B, in some embodiments, if the rib portion of the formliner 120 is configured to be overlapped by the rib portion of formliner 122, and therefore of a smaller profile, the corner portion 170 of that rib portion and the free side edge 172 can each comprise a detent 138. Further, if a rib portion of the formliner 122 is configured to be overlapping the rib portion of the formliner 120, and is therefore of a larger profile, the corner portion 174 and the free side edge 176 can each comprise a protrusion 136. However, although the rib portions are shown as comprising a pair of protrusions or detents disposed on opposing sides of the rib portion (whether overlapping or overlapped), it is also contemplated that a single protrusion or detent can be used on a side of the rib portion (whether overlapping or overlapped).
In this regard, one of the unique features of some embodiments disclosed herein is that an overlapping rib can define a recess or interior cavity whereinto an overlapped rib of an adjacent formliner can be placed. However, in order to insert the overlapped rib into the recess or interior cavity, an opening of the recess can be expanded to receive the overlapped rib. For example, FIG. 4C illustrates that a recess 180 of a rib 178 of formliner 122 comprises an inner diameter, profile, or dimension 182 that is sufficiently large to accommodate the outer diameter, profile, or dimension 184 of a rib 179 of the formliner 120. However, the recess 180 comprises an opening 186 having a passing profile or width 188 that is less than the outer diameter, profile, or dimension 184 of the rib 179 of the formliner 120. Thus, the rib 179 of the formliner 120 must cause the opening 186 to expand in order to be fitted within the recess 180. Further, the rib 179 can comprise a base profile 190 that is less than the passing profile or width 188 of the rib 178. In this regard, once the rib 179 of the formliner 120 is received into the recess 180 of the rib 178 of the formliner 122, the opening 186 can converge or snap onto the base profile 190 of the rib 179, as shown in FIG. 4B.
Further, the formliner 122 can be fabricated from a resilient material such that after the rib of the formliner 120 is inserted within the cavity 180, the opening 180 elastically returns to its original dimension 188. In this manner, the opening 180 closes around a base of the rib of the formliner 120. In other words, with the rib of the formliner 120 received within the recess 180, the width 188 of the opening 180 will return to less than the outer diameter, profile, or dimension 184 of the rib of the formliner 120, thus encasing the rib within the recess 180. This is shown in FIG. 4B. Further, as noted herein, such encasing or snap-fit between the ribs allows the formliner 122 to restrict not only horizontal, but also vertical movement of the formliner 120 with respect to the formliner 122.
The protrusions and the detents can be configured to extend inwardly toward an interior of the rib. It is contemplated that in some implementations, the protrusions and detents can be formed into the formliner during the molding process. For example, the formliner can be vacuum formed with such features included therein. However, it is also contemplated that the protrusions and detents can be formed subsequent to the initial forming operations. Further, although the protrusions and detents can be formed integrally with the formliner, such as by forming the formliner and protrusions and detents of a common sheet of material, these features could potentially be added to the formliner in a finishing step.
Referring again to FIG. 4A, the rib structure of the formliners 120, 122 can be generally defined by a semicylindrical or arch shape. Accordingly, the overlapping portions 144 and the overlapped portions 146 can be defined by a radius. In particular, a lower surface 160 of the overlapping portion 144 of the formliner 122 can be defined by a first radius. Similarly, an upper surface 162 of the overlapped portion 146 of the formliner 120 can be defined by a second radius. The first radius can be greater than the second radius in order to allow the overlapped portion 146 to be nested within the overlapping portion 144. As such, the overlapped portions 146 can define a smaller cross-sectional profile than the interior cavity of the overlapping portions 144.
Furthermore, although the rib structure is illustrated as being formed by semicylindrical or arch shaped channels, the rib structure can be formed by a rectangular cross-section. In this regard, any variety of shapes can be used. For example, while an embodiment of the formliners discussed herein is generally intended to create an appearance of faux brick, other embodiments of the formliners disclosed herein can be designed to create an appearance of faux stone, including any of various commercial stone such as cut stone, castle rock, sand stone, ledgestone, fieldstone, etc., as well as, wood, river rock, slate, or other materials and variations, which is merely an exemplary and non-limiting list of potential appearances and applications. Thus, the rib structure can be varied and diverse. The dimensions of the rib structure can be variable and allow for irregular patterns as may be seen in natural settings of stone, brick, wood, or other materials.
For example, referring now to FIG. 5, the rib structure in some embodiments can be configured to define arcuate protrusions and detents formed therealong. FIG. 5 illustrates an overlapping rib 192 having a pair of opposing protrusions 194 and an overlapped rib 196 having a pair of opposing detents 198 that are configured to receive the protrusions 194 of the rib 192. The protrusions 194 and the detents 198 can comprise a shape that is formed using a transition between convex and concave. In some embodiments, the configuration can be described as an “S” shape. In this regard, the arcuate shape of the surfaces can facilitate interlocking between the ribs 192, 196. Further, as illustrated therein, the protrusions 194 and the recesses 198 can be configured to extend inwardly to a lesser degree than the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4A-C. Accordingly, it is contemplated that the embodiment of the rib structure shown in FIG. 5 can be substituted for that shown in FIGS. 4A-C and implemented with the embodiments of the formliners disclosed herein.
In addition, referring again to FIG. 2, the formliner 100 can comprise a plurality of rib openings 180. The rib openings 180 can be positioned along the ribs 102 of the rib structure of the formliner 100. The location of the openings 180 can correspond to a location of a corresponding rib of another formliner to which the formliner 100 is interconnected. The rib openings 180 can facilitate precise alignment of a plurality of formliners. Further, the rib openings 180 can further contribute to the natural appearance of the faux brick pattern created in the concrete structure. The formation and configuration of rib openings 180 is shown and described further below.
FIG. 6 is a top view of a formliner 200 in accordance with an embodiment. As with the formliner 100, the formliner 200 comprises a plurality of ribs 202 that form a rib structure. The ribs 202 can comprise one or more overlapping portions 204 and one or more overlapped portions 206. Additionally, the formliner 200 can comprise non-overlap portions 208. The embodiment of FIG. 6 illustrates that the overlapping portions 204 and the non-overlap portions 208 can define a common outer dimension 1. Thus, when a plurality of the formliners 200 are interconnected, the overlapping portions 204 overlap with the overlapped portions 206 and the resulting rib structure of the interconnected formliners has a common outer dimension 1. Further, the protrusions and detents can be placed on a single side or both sides of a peripheral rib, in accordance with some embodiments.
In this regard, as discussed above, the overlapped portions 206 can define an outer dimension 2. The outer dimension 2 can be less than the outer dimension 1. Further, an inner dimension of the overlapping portions 204 can also be greater than the outer dimension 2 of the overlapped portions 206.
Moreover, it is contemplated that in using a formliner that defines a generally rectangular perimeter, there may be sections of interconnected formliners in which more than two formliners overlap. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the formliner 200 can be configured to define a sub-overlapped section 210. As illustrated in the upper and lower right corners of the formliner 200, the sub-overlapped sections 210 can define an outer dimension 3. The outer dimension 3 can be less than the outer dimension 2 and the outer dimension 1. Further, an inner dimension of the overlapped portions 206 can also be greater than the outer dimension 3 of the sub-overlapped portions 210. Additionally, as described above with respect to FIG. 2, the formliner 200 can also be configured to include a plurality of rib openings 220. As similarly described above, the plurality of rib openings 220 can be located and configured to correspond with corresponding ribs of adjacent interconnected formliners.
As noted above, in some embodiments, the overlapped portions can comprise one or more detents, and the overlapping portions can comprise one or more protrusions. In this regard, it is contemplated the protrusions and detents can extend along any length of a respective rib. For example, the protrusions and detents can extend along less than the entire length of a respective rib such that the protrusion and/or detent is offset from a corner or end of the respective rib. It is also contemplated that the protrusions and detents can extend continuously or discontinuously along the respective rib. Moreover, it is appreciated that the design and interlocking profile of the formliner can dictate the arrangement, length, and pattern of the protrusions and detents.
In this manner, a single formliner can be used to create a continuous decorative pattern that can be used for any size concrete structure. Advantageously, in contrast to prior art formliners, embodiments of the formliners disclosed herein can be interconnected to create a dimensionally continuous, precise assembly of formliners.
Referring now to FIG. 7, an end view of the sub-overlapped section 210 of FIG. 6 is illustrated. As shown, the sub-overlapped section 210 defines an outer dimension 3 that is less than the outer dimension 2 of the overlapped section 206 (shown in dashed lines). Additionally, the outer dimension 1 of the overlapping sections 204 is also shown dashed lines and illustrated as being greater than both the outer dimension 2 and the outer dimension 3.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the formliner assembly of FIG. 3. In particular, the formliner 122 and the formliner 120 are shown in a pre-assembled state. In this regard, FIG. 8 illustrates that the overlapped sections 146 of the formliner 120 are received within cavities of the overlapping sections 144 of the formliner 122. As discussed below in reference to FIG. 12, the upper surfaces of the overlapping sections 144 of the formliner 122 can be generally flush with the upper surfaces of non-overlap sections 148 of the formliner 120.
FIG. 8 also illustrates another view of the engagement between the protrusions 136 formed on the free side edges 176 and the corner portions 174 of the overlapping sections 144 of the formliner 122 and the detents 138 formed on the free side edges 172 and the corner portions 170 of the overlapped sections 146 of the formliner 120. As shown therein, the corner portions of the rib are formed wherealong the rib and the cell meet.
FIG. 9 is a partial perspective view of the formliner 200, illustrating the sub-overlapped portion 210 thereof. As shown, the sub-overlapped portion 210 defines a smaller cross-sectional profile or dimension than the overlapped portion 206. FIG. 9 also illustrated detents 212 formed along corner portions 214 and outer side edges 216 of the formliner 200.
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the formliner assembly of FIG. 3 illustrating the formliners 120, 122, and 124. In this view, the ribs structure of the formliner 120 comprises overlapping portions 300, overlapped portions 302, and a sub-overlapped portion 304. The formliner 124 is first placed onto the overlapped portion 302 of the formliner 120. As can be appreciated, an overlapping portion 310 of the formliner 124 is placed onto an overlapped portion 302 of the formliner 120. Additionally, an overlapped portion 312 (shown as a T-connection) of the formliner 124 is placed onto the sub-overlapped portion 304 of the formliner 120. Finally, overlapping portions 320 of the formliner 122 are placed onto the overlapped portions 302 of the formliner 120 and the overlapped portion 312 of the formliner 124. Once assembled, the overlapping portions 300, 310, and 320 each define a common outer dimension or shape. Thus, when the formliner assembly is pressed into fresh concrete or when concrete is poured thereagainst, the impressions of the rib structure of the formliner assembly will appear seamless and uniform.
In addition, as will be appreciated, once the formliners 120, 122, and 124 are assembled, an edge 330 of the overlapping portion 310 of the formliner 124 will be disposed into a corner 332 formed between the overlapped portion 302 and a cell 334 of the formliner 120. As such, any seaming between the overlapping portion 310 of the formliner 124 and the cell 334 of the formliner 120 will be reduced and/or eliminated.
Similarly, an edge 340 of the overlapping portion 320 of the formliner 122 will be disposed into a corner 342 formed by the overlapped portion 302 and the cell 334. Thus, seaming between the formliner 120 and formliner 122 will be greatly reduced and/or eliminated.
Further, the seaming can further be reduced in some embodiments wherein the formliners 120, 122, 124 comprise detents and protrusions that facilitate engagement between the formliners 120, 122, 124. As illustrated, the formliner 120 can comprise detents 350 that can be engaged by protrusions 352 of the formliner 124. Further, the formliner 120 can comprise detents 354 that can be engaged by protrusions 356 of the formliner 122. Finally, the formliner 124 can comprise detents 358 that can be engaged by protrusions 360 of the formliner 122.
FIG. 11 illustrates many of the above-discussed principles. In this figure, a first formliner 400 is mated with a second formliner 402. And overlapping portion 406 of the first formliner 400 is placed onto an overlapped portion 408 of the second formliner 402. As discussed above with respect to FIG. 10, the mating of an edge 410 of the overlapping portion 406 with 412 of the second formliner 402 can create an imperceptible seam between the first and second formliners 400, 402. Further, transition zones or joints 420 between the overlapping portion 406 of the first formliner 400 and an overlapping portion 422 of the second formliner 402 can be minimized so as to reduce and/or eliminate any visible seaming at the transition zones or joints 420.
Furthermore, upon application of a curable material to the formliner assembly illustrated in FIGS. 11 and 12, protrusions 424 of the overlapping portion 406 of the first formliner 400 can be further engaged with detents 426 of the overlapped portions 408 of the second formliner 402. This enhanced engagement further prevents dislodging or misalignment between the formliners 400, 402. Again, such a superior benefit is not disclosed or taught by prior art formliners.
Referring now to FIG. 12, an enlarged view of a transition zone or joint 420 of FIG. 11 is illustrated. As shown, the transition zone or joint 420 can comprise a simple step 430 from a first dimension to a second dimension. In some embodiments, this may be an immediate increase in the dimension along the rib of the second formliner, specifically from the overlapped portion 408 to the overlapping portion 422. However, in other embodiments, it is contemplated that the step 430 can be a tapered transition between the overlapped portion 408 and the overlapping portion 422. Additionally, a side edge 432 of the overlapping portion 406 of the first formliner 400 can be configured to correspond to the shape and dimension of the step 430.
Further, FIG. 12 also illustrates the nesting arrangement of the overlapping portion 406 of the first formliner 400 is shown with respect to the overlapped portion 408 of the second formliner 402. Finally, FIG. 12 also illustrates the orientation of the edge 410 of the overlapping portion 406 of the formliner 400 is shown with respect to the cell 412 of the second formliner 402.
With continued reference to FIG. 12, it will be appreciated that a seam 440 formed between the edge 410 and the cell 412 can be reduced as the fit between the first formliner 400 and the second formliner 402 are optimized. In this regard, the internal geometry of the overlapping portion 406 can be specifically configured to match the external geometry of the overlapped portion 408, thus reducing any seam (whether along the edge 410 or the side edge 432) between the overlapping portion 406 and the overlapped portion 408.
As noted above, one of the advantages of embodiments disclosed herein is that seams of overlapped portions of adjacent formliners can be minimized and/or eliminated. In this regard, as illustrated in FIG. 12, the seam 440 is created along a corner at or along a bottom portion of the cell 412 of the formliner 402 which forms part of a prepared formliner mold cavity. In this regard, the seam 440 is positioned such that the weight of a curable material, such as concrete, against the first formliner 400 causes the overlapping portion 406 of the first formliner 400 to be pressed against the overlapped portion 408 of the second formliner 402 with great force thereby causing the edge 410 to be positioned as close as possible relative to the cell 412 in order to minimize and/or eliminate the seam 440 between the adjacent formliners 400, 402. This innovative feature of embodiments disclosed herein, which allows seams to be created along the bottom faces or portions of the mold allows the weight of the curable material to act as a compressive agent in reducing and/or eliminating seams between adjacent formliners. For example, a common curable material such as concrete generally weighs 150 pounds per cubic foot, and embodiments of the present inventions are able to take advantage of the significant force of such a material in order to create an aesthetically superior product.
Furthermore, the tolerances between the overlapping portion 406 and the overlapped portion 408 can also define a seam 442. Specifically, the distance between the edge 432 and the step 430 can define the seam 442. It is contemplated that the overlapping portion 406 can be toleranced with a longitudinal length such that the edge 432 thereof abuts the step 430. It is also contemplated that as with the seam 440, the compressive forces of the material against the first formliner 400 and the second formliner 402 can serve to reduce the size of the seam 442 to thereby create a superior finished product.
Referring now to FIGS. 2-12, it is noted that the above-discussed embodiments of the formliner and formliner components provide for a distinct shelf or step between rib sections having differing geometries or configurations. For example, as noted above with respect to FIG. 12, the step 430 is a transition zone, shelf, or shoulder between the overlapping portion 422 and the overlapped portion 408 of the second formliner 402 as briefly mentioned above, the step 430 can provide a gradual transition from the overlapping portion 422 to the overlapped portion 408 however, in some embodiments, it is contemplated that the formliner can be formed with ribs or ridges that taper from a first geometry or configuration to a second geometry or configuration. As such, the shoulder 430 can be eliminated from such embodiments.
For example, referring generally to a side view similar to that of FIG. 12, it is contemplated that a rib can taper from a first dimension or configuration in an overlapping portion to a second dimension or configuration in an overlapped portion. In yet other embodiments, it is contemplated that the rib can taper from the second dimension or configuration to a third dimension or configuration. The tapering of the rib from one dimension to another can comprise a generally constant taper or a variable taper.
Further, in some embodiments, overlapping portions of the ribs of the formliner can be configured to define a variable thickness corresponding to the tapering of the overlapped portions onto which the overlapping portions will be overlaid. As such, the cumulative dimension or configuration of nested or overlaid rib portions can be generally constant. However, it is likewise contemplated that the thickness of overlapping or interconnecting formliners can be generally constant along their respective ribs or ridges.
Additionally, in accordance with at least one of the embodiments disclosed herein is the realization that in forming a pattern of interconnected formliners, the edges along the top, bottom, left, and right sides of a pattern or casting can be carefully arranged in order to ensure a natural appearance. Commonly, a plurality of formliners must be used in order to form a pattern or casting larger than a few square feet in size. Typically, in arranging or interconnecting the formliners, an artisan may begin from a top left corner and work down and across toward the bottom right corner. Thus, the left side and the top side of the pattern or casting can generally be comprised of whole or entire formliners that are interconnected vertically and horizontally. Additionally, formliners located in the center portions of the pattern or casting are also whole or entire formliners. However, according to at least one of the embodiments disclosed herein is the realization that formliners located along the bottom and right sides of the pattern or casting may only be partial sheets. In some embodiments, this deficiency can be overcome by providing alternative embodiments of a formliner that enable the artisan to create desirable bottom and right side edges and/or that can be interconnected with other formliners along a partial length thereof in order to form a clean edge, whether it is a straight edge, curved edge, angled edge, or otherwise.
Accordingly, referring to FIGS. 13-16, alternative formliner embodiments are shown. In FIG. 13, a formliner end portion 500 is shown. The formliner end portion 500 can comprise many of the same features as discussed above with respect to the other formliner embodiments. For example, the formliner end portion 500 can comprise the protrusions and/or detents discussed above. However, the formliner end portion 500 can also optionally comprise a generally straight side 502 that is configured to mate with a corresponding formliner end portion. In this regard, it is contemplated that in use, the formliner end portion 500 can be used at a far side or end of the desired pattern. For example, the formliner end portion 500 can be used for a left side boundary or a right side boundary.
In some embodiments, the formliner end portion 500 can be configured to mate with another formliner to form a corner of a pattern, casting, or formwork. In such an embodiment, the formliner end portion 500 can also optionally comprise a ledge recess 522, as described below. For example, the ledge recess 522 can be forwarded by a length of the ribs 504 which comprises a reduced geometry or dimension, as shown in dashed lines in FIG. 13. Accordingly, some embodiments of the formliner end portion 500 can be provided in which the side 502 can mate with corresponding formliner components or portions.
For example, an exemplary mating arrangement of the formliner end portion 500 with a formliner component or portion is illustrated in FIG. 14. As shown therein, the formliner end portion 500 can receive a corresponding formliner end portion 510. The formliner end portion 500 and the corresponding formliner end portion 510 can be interconnected or positioned such that they form a corner in a pattern, casting, or formwork.
In accordance with the embodiments of the formliner end portion 500 and the corresponding formliner end portion 510 illustrated in FIG. 14, the corresponding formliner end portion 510 can define a plurality of recesses 512 formed at the ends of rib members 514. The recesses 512 can be configured to allow the rib members 514 to fit over the ribs 504 of the formliner end portion 500. Thus, the formliner end portion 500 and the corresponding formliner end portion 510 can be positioned relative to each other at a right angle such that a right angle corner in the pattern or casting is produced. However, it is contemplated that the recesses 512 can define other shapes that allowed the corresponding formliner end portion 510 to be oriented at any variety of angles relative to the formliner end portion 500. In this regard, the side 502 can be oriented generally perpendicularly relative to the ribs 504, or the side 502 can be disposed at an angle relative to the ribs 504, thereby facilitating a desired angular interconnection between the formliner end portion 500 and the corresponding formliner and portion 510.
Additionally, in the embodiments illustrated in FIG. 14, the corresponding formliner end portion 510 can also comprise a mating ledge 520. In some embodiments, the mating ledge 520 can be connected to both the ribs 514 and the planar portions of the cells above the corresponding formliner end portion 510. As such, the mating ledge 520 could be generally rigidly positioned relative to the ribs 514. Such an embodiment could be advantageous in facilitating the alignment between the formliner end portion 500 and the corresponding formliner end portion 510. In this regard, as mentioned above with respect to the side 502, the mating ledge 520 can be oriented at a given angle relative to the ribs 514. As illustrated, the mating ledge 520 can be oriented at approximately a right angle relative to the ribs 514. However, it is contemplated that the mating ledge 520 can also be oriented at any variety of angles relative to the ribs 514. In some embodiments, the mating ledge 520 can be configured to fit into or be received in the ledge recess 522 formed along the formliner and portion 500.
However, in other embodiments, the mating ledge 520 can be hingedly or moveably attached to the corresponding formliner end portion 510. For example, the mating ledge 520 can be attached to the corresponding formliner end portion 510 along the length of the cells thereof, but not connected to the ribs 514. In other words, the mating ledge 520 can be separated or cut from the ribs 514 by means of a slit 530. Thus, the slit 530 can allow the mating ledge 520 to be generally flexible or movable relative to the corresponding formliner end portion 510. In such embodiments, the mating ledge 520 can be folded under a portion of the formliner end portion 500. Optionally, the side 502 of the formliner and portion 500 can be eliminated in order to allow the mating ledge 520 to extend to underneath the formliner end portion 500.
Nevertheless, in other embodiments, such as that illustrated in FIG. 15, it is contemplated that the ledge recess can be eliminated and that the ribs define a generally constant cross-sectional geometry. For example, the cross-sectional geometry of the ribs can be generally constant along central portions and end portions of the ribs adjacent the side of the formliner end portion.
Further, as shown in FIG. 14, in some embodiments, the formliner end portion 510 can comprise one or more protrusions 540 disposed at the recesses 512 for engaging corresponding detents 542 formed in the ribs 504. As such, the interconnection of the formliner end portions 500, 510 can be sufficiently secure so as not to require an adhesive.
Referring to FIG. 15, a formliner end portion 550 can comprise one or more ribs 552. Optionally, the formliner end portion can also comprise a side 554. However, as described above, the side 554 can also be eliminated in some embodiments. Additionally, the corresponding formliner end portion 560 can be configured to mate with the formliner end portion 550. The embodiment of the corresponding formliner and portion 560 does not include the mating ledge of the embodiment discussed in regard to FIG. 14. As will be appreciated with reference to FIG. 15, openings 562 in ribs 564 of the corresponding formliner end portion 560 can be mated against the ribs 522 of the formliner end portion 550 to create a corner of a desired angle measurement for a pattern or casting. Further, the openings 562 are preferably configured such that an edge 566 of the corresponding formliner end portion 560 can be positioned against the top surface of the cells of the formliner end portion 550. Optionally, the openings 562 can be configured to be manipulated in order to allow varying angles of orientation between the formliner end portion 550 and the corresponding formliner end portion 560. For example, a portion of the ribs 564 can be configured as a “tear away” that allows the openings 562 to be enlarged. The embodiment of FIG. 15 can facilitate a tight fit between the formliner end portion 550 and the corresponding formliner end portion 560.
Further, as shown in FIG. 15, in some embodiments, the formliner end portion 560 can comprise one or more protrusions 572 disposed at the recesses 562 for engaging corresponding detents 574 formed in the ribs 522. As such, the interconnection of the formliner end portions 550, 560 can be sufficiently secure so as not to require an adhesive.
Referring to FIG. 16, another embodiment of a formliner end portion 570 can be provided which comprises one or more ribs 572. As noted above, the formliner end portion 570 is an embodiment in which no side is used. Similar to the other embodiments disclosed herein, the formliner end portion 570 can be configured to mate with a corresponding formliner end portion 580. The embodiment of the corresponding formliner and portion 580 does not include the mating ledge of the embodiment discussed in regard to FIG. 14. As will be appreciated with reference to FIG. 16, openings 582 in ribs 584 of the corresponding formliner end portion 580 can be mated against the ribs 572 of the formliner end portion 570 to create a corner of a desired angle measurement for a pattern or casting.
It is contemplated that the embodiment of FIGS. 13-15 can aid the artisan in creating a dimensionally accurate and seamless corner of a faux brick mold. It is contemplated also that other such features, such as three-point corners, convex arches, and concave arches can be formed using similar principles.
Further, FIGS. 16-17 illustrate other embodiments of a formliner, sheet, or panel having other shapes and geometries for imparting different patterns to a curable material. As discussed above, such patterns can be of stone, wood, slate, or other materials. FIG. 16 is a representation of a formliner 600 used to produce a stone pattern on an exposed surface. FIG. 17 is a representation of a formliner 650 used to produce a rock pattern on an exposed surface. As discussed herein, the formliners 600, 650 can also be formed to include one or more protrusions and/or detents for enhancing engagement of interconnected formliners so as to eliminate the need for adhesives.
FIG. 18 illustrates yet another embodiment of a formliner, sheet, or panel 700 having a pattern configured to provide the appearance of cut stone. As shown therein, first rib portions 702 of the formliner 700 can be configured to define a first geometry or configuration, and second rib portions 704 can define a second geometry or configuration that corresponds to the first geometry or configuration and enables multiple formliners 700 to be interconnected along the rib portions 702, 704.
In some embodiments, the formliner 700 can comprise one or more third rib portions 706 that can define a third geometry or configuration that corresponds to one of the first and second geometries or configurations. For example, the first rib portion 702, the second rib portion 704, and the third rib portion 706 can allow the formliner 700 to be overlaid with other formliners 700 in a similar manner as to the formliner 100 described above, and as shown in FIGS. 3-12.
As mentioned above with respect to the embodiments disclosed in FIGS. 2-12, the first rib portions 702, the second rib portions 704, and the third rib portions 706, can each comprise rib portions having a generally constant geometry or configuration, such as a cross-sectional geometry. However, it is also contemplated that the first rib portions 702, the second rib portions 704, and the third read portions 706 of the formliner 700 can taper from one geometry or configuration to another. In other words, the ribs or ridges of the formliner 700 can taper from the first geometry or configuration to the second geometry or configuration. In yet other embodiments, the ribs or ridges of the formliner 700 can also taper from the second geometry or configuration to the third geometry or configuration. The tapering in any such embodiment can be formed as a constant taper from one geometry or configuration to another, from one corner to another or along lengths of the ribs or ridges. The tapering in other embodiments can also be formed over discrete sections of the ribs or ridges. Accordingly, in such embodiments, the ribs or bridges can be formed without a distinct shelf or step from a given geometry or configuration to another geometry or configuration. Further, it is contemplated that overlapping portions of adjacent formliners can be configured to define variable thicknesses that taper along with the dimension or configuration of that portion of the ribs or ridges.
Furthermore, the formliner 700 can comprise one or more detents 708 and one or more protrusions 709. As discussed above with respect to the various other embodiments disclosed herein, the protrusions and detents can enhance the interlocking connection between formliners so as to eliminate the need for adhesives.
Finally, the formliner 700 can also comprise one or more openings 710 in one or more of the first, second, or third rib portions 702, 704, 706 in order to allow nesting and overlaying of the rib portions with each other, as similarly described above with respect to the embodiments shown in FIGS. 2-12. In this manner, a plurality of the formliners 700 can be used to create a desirable cut stone pattern while eliminating any appearance of seaming between the formliner 700.
Finally, in accordance with another embodiment, any of the embodiments of the formliner or combinations thereof can be used in a method of creating a decorative pattern in a curable material, such as a casting, whether vertical or horizontal, a wall, etc. The method can comprise assembling a plurality of any of the formliners disclosed herein to form an assembly. Further, a curable material can be positioned against the assembly, such as by pouring. In this manner, the seams between portions of adjacent formliners can be lessened due to the weight of the material. As the material cures, the seams between the adjacent formliners are reduced and/or eliminated compared to the prior art methods and formliners. As such, one may obtain an aesthetically superior product. Further, any of the embodiments herein provides the additional benefit that the artisan need not perform additional finishing steps to eliminate unsightly seams, thus resulting in a tremendous cost and time savings and efficiency.
Moreover, the formliners can be formed in any variety of shapes and the ribs or ridges formed in the formliners can serve to provide strength against the weight of the curable material positioned thereagainst without requiring that the formliner be exceedingly bulky, thick, or otherwise heavy. In this regard, embodiments of the formliner can advantageously be used, for example, in tilt-up assemblies that require heavy materials such as rebar without contributing significantly, if even much at all, to the overall weight of the assembly. As such, the formliners allow for the use of less rigorous machinery, such as smaller cranes, etc. Accordingly, the light weight of embodiments of the formliner can allow for additional reductions in cost, time, and labor.
As discussed above, embodiments of the formliners disclosed herein allows the artisan to eliminate and/or reduce any visible seaming between interconnected formliners. Some embodiments of the formliners disclosed herein are able to effectively eliminate such seaming by converging formliner edges into corners above an interconnected formliner and using tight tolerances in mating exposed surfaces of the interconnected formliners.
Although these inventions have been disclosed in the context of certain preferred embodiments and examples, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present inventions extend beyond the specifically disclosed embodiments to other alternative embodiments and/or uses of the inventions and obvious modifications and equivalents thereof. In addition, while several variations of the inventions have been shown and described in detail, other modifications, which are within the scope of these inventions, will be readily apparent to those of skill in the art based upon this disclosure. It is also contemplated that various combination or sub-combinations of the specific features and aspects of the embodiments may be made and still fall within the scope of the inventions. It should be understood that various features and aspects of the disclosed embodiments can be combined with or substituted for one another in order to form varying modes of the disclosed inventions. Thus, it is intended that the scope of at least some of the present inventions herein disclosed should not be limited by the particular disclosed embodiments described above.

## Claims

1. A formliner for forming a decorative pattern in a material, the formliner comprising:
a sheet of material;
at least one cell formed in the sheet of material; and
at least one rib extending along the cell and forming a boundary of the cell, the rib defining a raised profile, the rib comprising:
a hollow first section extending upwardly from an inner corner wherealong the first section interconnects with the cell to a top surface and downwardly from the top surface to a free outer edge, the outer edge comprising at least one protrusion that extends inwardly toward the inner corner thereof, the first section further defining an exterior profile and a recess that defines a cross-sectional interior profile; and
a second section defining a cross-sectional exterior profile, the cross-sectional exterior profile of the second section being less than the cross-sectional interior profile of the recess of the first section, the second section further defining an inner corner wherealong the second section interconnects with the cell and a free outer edge, the inner corner comprising at least one detent extending inwardly toward the outer edge thereof;

wherein a plurality of formliners can be interconnected by overlaying first sections onto second sections such that the protrusion of the first section engages the detent of the second section such that visible seams in the decorative pattern are minimized when the formliners are interconnected in use.

2. The formliner of claim 1, wherein the protrusion of the outer edge of the first section of the rib defines a length that is less than a total length of the outer edge thereof.

3. The formliner of claim 2, wherein the detent of the inner corner of the second section of the rib defines a length that is less than a total length of the inner corner thereof.

4. The formliner of claim 1, wherein the inner corner of the first section comprises at least one protrusion that extends inwardly toward the outer edge thereof, and the outer edge of the second section comprises a detent that extends inwardly toward the inner corner thereof.

5. The formliner of claim 1, further comprising at least one opening formed in the first section and a transition zone formed in the rib between the first section in the second section to interconnect the first section with the second section, the transition zone defining a variable cross-sectional exterior profile increasing from the cross-sectional exterior profile of the second section to the cross-sectional exterior profile of the first section.

6. The formliner of claim 1, wherein the at least one rib of the formliner is arcuately shaped.

7. A panel for forming a pattern in a material, the panel comprising a series of shaped regions for imparting, when material is in the regions, the pattern on a wall or the like, the panel formed with the shaped regions each being bounded by ridges, at least one of the ridges of the panel being configured to enable the panel to be engageable with another panel to increase the area of application of the pattern, at least one of the ridges of the panel having an opening to allow the ridges of the panel to overlay at least one of the ridges of the other panel, wherein the ridges of the panel include an overlapping ridge and an overlapped ridge, the overlapped ridge comprising detents on opposing sides thereof that are configured to engage with protrusions on opposing sides of an overlapping ridge of another panel when the overlapping ridge of the other panel is overlaid onto the overlapped ridge in order to interconnect the panels.

8. The panel of claim 7, wherein at least one detent is formed in a corner between the overlapped ridge and the shaped region of the panel.

9. The panel of claim 8, wherein the at least one detent extends in a direction away from the shaped region of the panel.

10. The panel of claim 7, wherein at least one protrusion of the panel is formed along a free side edge of the overlapping ridge of the panel.

11. The panel of claim 10, wherein the at least one protrusion extends in a direction toward the shaped region of the panel.

12. The panel of claim 7, wherein the overlapped ridge comprises at least a pair of detents that are disposed on opposing sides of the overlapped ridge, and the overlapping ridge comprises at least a pair of protrusions disposed on opposing sides of the overlapping ridge, wherein a plurality of panels can be interconnected such that the protrusions of the overlapping ridge engage the detents of the overlapped ridge.

13. A system of interconnectable panels for forming a pattern in a material, each panel comprising one or more shaped regions for imparting, when material is in the regions, the pattern on a wall or the like, the shaped regions each being bounded by ridges with inner corners disposed between the shaped regions and the ridges, at least one of the ridges of each panel having an opening to allow at least one of the ridges of the panel to overlay at least one of the ridges of the other panel, at least one of the ridges comprises a detent being formed along an inner corner thereof and at least one of the ridges comprises a protrusion being configured to enable a given panel to be engageable with another panel when the ridges of the panels are overlaid to increase the area of application of the pattern.

14. The system of claim 13, wherein each panel comprises an overlapping ridge and an overlapped ridge, the overlapped ridge comprising the detent, the overlapping ridge comprising the protrusion, wherein the panels can be engaged by overlaying an overlapping ridge onto an overlapped ridge to engage a protrusion of the overlapping ridge with a detent of the overlapped ridge.

15. The system of claim 14, wherein the protrusion of each panel is formed along a free side edge of the overlapping ridge.

16. The system of claim 15, wherein the protrusion extends in a direction toward the shaped region.

17. The system of claim 14, wherein the detent of each panel is formed in a corner portion of the panel between the overlapped ridge and the shaped region.

18. The system of claim 13, wherein the detent extends in a direction away from the shaped region.

19. The system of claim 13, wherein each panel defines a perimeter and the ridges extend about the perimeter thereof.

20. The system of claim 13, wherein each panel comprises overlapped ridges and overlapping ridges, the overlapping ridges comprising one or more openings such that an overlapped ridge can be overlaid by an overlapping ridge and extend from the opening of the overlapping ridge.

21. The system of claim 20, wherein the overlapping ridges define an interior dimension that is greater than an exterior dimension of the overlapped ridges.

22. The system of claim 13, the ridges comprise at least a pair of detents disposed on opposing sides of the ridge and at least a pair of protrusions disposed on opposing sides of the ridge, wherein a plurality of panels can be interconnected with the ridge of a given panel being overlaid onto the ridge of another panel such that protrusions of the ridge of the given panel engage the detents of the ridge of the other panel.

23. The formliner of claim 1, wherein the second section extending upwardly from the inner corner to a top surface and downwardly from the top surface to the free outer edge.

24. A formliner comprising:
a sheet of material;
a first rib portion formed in the sheet of material and defining a raised profile, the first rib portion comprising a recess defining a cross-sectional interior profile, the first rib portion further defining at least one opening; and
a second rib portion formed in the sheet of material and defining a raised profile, the second rib portion defining a first cross-sectional exterior profile being less than the cross-sectional interior profile of the recess of the first rib portion, the second rib portion also defining a second cross-sectional exterior profile and a transition zone formed in the second rib portion between the first cross-sectional exterior profile and the second cross-sectional exterior profile, the transition zone defining a variable cross-sectional exterior profile increasing from the first cross-sectional exterior profile to the second cross-sectional exterior profile;
wherein a first formliner can be interconnected with a second formliner by overlaying the first rib portion of the first formliner onto the second rib portion of the second formliner such that the second rib portion of the second formliner is nested within the recess of the first rib portion of the first formliner, and wherein an opening in the first rib portion of the first formliner receives the second rib portion of the second formliner adjacent to a transition zone of the second formliner when the first formliner and the second formliner are interconnected in use.

25. The formliner of claim 24, wherein at least one of the first rib portion and the second rib portion comprises a detent being configured to enable the first formliner to be engageable with the second formliner.

26. The formliner of claim 25, wherein the detent is formed along an inner corner wherealong the at least one of the first rib portion and the second rib portion interconnects with a cell of the formliner.

27. The formliner of claim 25, wherein at least one of the first rib portion and the second rib portion comprises a protrusion being configured to engage with the detent when the first formliner is engaged with the second formliner.

28. The formliner of claim 24, wherein the first rib portion comprises detents on opposing sides thereof and the second rib portion comprises protrusions on opposing sides thereof, wherein a protrusion is configured to engage with a detent to facilitate engagement about the first and second formliners.

29. The formliner of claim 24, wherein the first and second rib portions are arcuately shaped.

30. The formliner of claim 24, wherein a rib edge formed along the opening in the first rib portion of the first formliner abuts the transition zone of the second formliner.

31. The formliner of claim 24, wherein exterior surfaces of the first rib portions of the first formliner and the second formliner are generally flush with each other upon nesting of the second rib portion of the second formliner within the first rib portion of the first formliner.