# Patent

## Title
Guide systems for variable valve controller

## Abstract

A variable valve control apparatus includes an oscillating arm and a pivot lever pivotably mounted to each other via a swivel joint. A first roller, which is rotatably mounted on an arm of the pivot lever engages with the camming surface of a cam, while a second roller which is rotatably mounted on another arm of the pivot lever makes contact with a contact surface of an arcuate sliding block disposed within a housing of the valve control apparatus. The contact surface of the sliding block includes a first region which has an arcuate contour, and a radius that is centered on a pivot axis of the swivel joint when the valve is in the closed position, as well as a second region which adjoins the first region and has a curved spur that extends inwardly toward the swivel joint. The sliding block is slidable along an arcuate path between a first position in which the second roller engages the first region of the contact surface and a second position in which it engages the second region of the contact surface, so that, when the sliding block is in the first position, the pivot joint remains stationary, and the valve remains closed. When the sliding block is in the second position, the second roller engages with the spur, so that camming movement of the first roller actuates the valve to an open position.

## Background
BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This application is a divisional of U.S. application Ser. No. 10/941,617, filed Sep. 15, 2004 now U.S. Pat. No. 7,628,128 which is a continuation of International Application No. PCT/EP03/03262, filed Mar. 28, 2003, and claims the benefit of priority to German patent application 102 14 802.3, filed Apr. 4, 2002.


The present invention concerns space-saving and easily assembled systems for guiding mechanical and variable valve controls. Each system includes a rocker and a walker. The rocker is driven by a cam by way of a follower. The rocker is articulated to and drives the walker by way of a swivel accommodated on the walker. The swivel can be shifted by a steering mechanism along the arc of a circle or along a similar curve around the axis of rotation of a follower mounted on the walker that actuates the valve. The rocker drives the walker by way of an engagement contour and by means of a follower.
The rocker can alternatively drive the walker by way of an engagement contour that arches outward in the form of an arc of a circle, in which case the rocker can be shifted along the arc of a circle or along a similar curve around the axis of the arching engagement contour.
The rocker can alternatively be driven by a cam by way of an engagement contour.
The rocker can alternatively drive one-armed and two-armed levers.
Valve controls wherein the rocker's swivel can be shifted in a circular path around the axis of rotation of a follower accommodated in the walker and engaged by the rocker are disclosed in German Application 10 136 612.4.
The valve controls disclosed in German Application 10 155 007.3 feature an engagement contour or a follower shifted along a circular path by a shift and engaged either by a rocker and a follower or by an engagement contour, whereby the rockers drive a valve-actuating walker by way of a swivel.
The valve controls disclosed in German Application 10 136 612.4 feature a shift that shifts a swivel along a circular path, whereby a rocker is articulated to the swivel and drives a valve actuating walker by way of a follower.
The shifts in these embodiments can be complicated to install because of lack of space or of assembly problems, and can also be too delicate, in that the swivels lie along the axis of rotation of the swivel accommodated on the walker and in reach as long as the valve remains closed or along that of the follower accommodated on the walker.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The present invention accordingly concerns three different embodiments that take up little space and are easy to install.
FIGS. 1 and 2 depict a mechanism for setting valve controls. The mechanism includes a contoured flat which is guided along similarly curved and mutually engaging tracks inside a case. The flat is provided with an engagement contour that acts as a cam. The engagement contour is engaged by a follower mounted on a rocker. Alternatively, the flat itself can be provided with a follower that operates in conjunction with an engagement contour on the rocker that acts as a cam. The flat itself can also alternatively be provided with a swivel.
FIG. 3 depicts another embodiment of a mechanism for setting valve controls. A contoured flat is secured between two banking rollers, one on each side, or more. The rollers are provided with flanges. The flat is provided with a follower that engages an engagement contour on a rocker.
Alternatively, the flat itself can be provided with either the engagement contour for engaging a roller mounted on a rocker or with a swivel for guiding a rocker.
FIG. 4 depicts still another embodiment of a mechanism for setting valve controls. A steering lever is supported at two points by swivels accommodated on two crankshafts or camshafts. The angled end of the lever is provided with a swivel for guiding the engagement contour of a rocker. A slide in the form of a flat must be provided in this case to position the engagement contour for engagement by a follower. The situation is more complicated in that the steering lever must be supported at two swiveling points by two contoured flats.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 illustrates an assembly for mechanically setting variable valve controls. The assembly includes a rocker 1, a walker 4, and a contoured flat 11. Rocker 1 has two arms and pivots around a swivel 2 mounted on walker 4. Walker 4 actuates a valve 3. Rocker 1 is driven by a cam 6 by way of a follower 5 mounted on the end of one arm. Mounted on the rocker's other arm is another follower 7 that follows the engagement contour of flat 11. Flat 11 slides clockwise and counterclockwise inside a case 10 around the axis of swivel 2 while the swivel remains in the position it is in as long as valve 3 is closed. The flat's engagement contour is divided into two segments 8 and 9. Segment 8 participates in maintaining valve 3 closed, and segment 9 in allowing the valve to open. Segment 8 curves inward with a radius R. Radius R is the radius of a circle centered on the axis of swivel 2 as long as valve 3 is closed. Segment 9 terminates in a spur that extends inward and considerably beyond segment 8. The length of radius R equals the length of a radius R1 extending from the axis of swivel 2 to the axis of follower 7 plus the length of a radius R2 extending from the axis of follower 7 to its circumference.
FIG. 2 is a cross-section through a case 10 to be employed with a cylindrical alignment of such assemblies. Each face of each flat 11 is, in this practical illustrated version, secured in case 10 by a longitudinal polyvinyl cogged section 12. Flat 11 is forced against the stationary cogged section 12 by an expanding component 14. Expanding component 14 is subject to the force of a ram 13. Expanding component 14 is maintained in the direction associated with setting the controls inside case 10 and is provided with a matching cogged section. This approach prevents play. In a cylindrical alignment, each expanding component 14 can be subject to the force of a ram 13 exerted from each side. Rams 13 derive their force mechanically from springs, from the pressure of the oil in an automotive lubrication system, or from both.
Flat 11 can alternatively be guided by other appropriate circular longitudinal cogged sections, mounted radially. Flat 11 is positioned by a cogged section 15 that engages a cogwheel 16 mounted on a rotating shaft 17.
Valve 3 will be maintained closed as long as the spur, the segment 9 of the engagement contour of flat 11, that is, remains in position A. Once the spur is in position B, however, the valve will be able to open with its longest and slowest stroke. As long as valve 3 is maintained closed, follower 7 will engage the circular segment 8 of the engagement contour of flat 11 without activating the valve. To actuate the valve, flat 11 will be shifted out of its valve-closed position and along the arc of a circle inside case 10 by a rotation of shaft 17, allowing the spur to be engaged by the follower 7 mounted on rocker 1. The extent of the engagement will determine the length and accordingly the duration of the opening stroke. Flat 11 can alternatively be positioned by an articulated rod driven for example by an eccentric shaft.
Assembly can be facilitated if case 10 and shaft 17 are integrated into bearing blocks screwed to cylinder head 18. The bearing blocks to be employed with a specific cylindrical alignment of such assemblies can be subassembled in advance along with cases 10, shaft 17, and flats 11, already accommodated inside the cases, as well as, when practical with the shaft 19 of cam 6 if they share the same bearing blocks, on a mount screwed to cylinder head 18.
FIG. 3 illustrates another embodiment of an assembly for mechanically guiding variable valve controls. The assembly includes a rocker 20 and a walker 23. Rocker 20 has two arms and pivots around a swivel 21 mounted on walker 23. Walker 23 actuates a valve 22. Rocker 20 is driven by a cam 25 by way of a follower 24 on the end of one arm. At the other end of the arm, rocker 20 is provided with an engagement contour. The engagement contour is divided into two curved segments 26 and 27. Segments 26 and 27 are engaged by a follower 28 mounted on a steering rod in the form of a similarly curved contoured flat 31. Contoured flat 31 is secured by two radial banking rollers 29 and 30, one on each engagement contour. Each banking roller has a flange on each face. Segment 26 participates in maintaining valve 22 closed, and segment 27 in allowing the valve to open. The longitudinal axis of contoured flat 31 extends concentric around the axis of the swivel 21 mounted on walker 23 that is in reach as long as valve 22 is closed. The segment 26 that participates in maintaining valve 22 closed curves outward in the form of an arc of a circle with a radius R. The center of the circle coincides with the axis of the swivel 21 mounted on walker 23. The segment 27 that participates in allowing the valve to remain open is provided with an outward-projecting spur that extends considerably beyond segment 26.
To allow adjustment of contoured flat 31, banking roller 30 is composed of two halves and mounted on a rotating shaft 32. Accommodated between the two halves is a cogwheel fixed tight to rotating shaft 32 and engaging a cogged section 34 of flat 31.
As long as the follower 28 mounted on contoured flat 31 remains in position A, valve 22 will be maintained closed. Once the follower is in position B, however, the valve will be able to open with its longest and slowest stroke. To maintain valve 22 closed, the outwardly curved segment 26 of the engagement contour will engage the follower 28 mounted on contoured flat 31 without activating valve 22. To actuate valve 22, shaft 32 is rotated, rotating in turn contoured flat 31, and the follower 28 mounted on it, out of the position wherein it participates in maintaining the valve closed until the spur extending out of segment 27 engages follower 28. The extent of engagement will determine the length and accordingly the duration of the opening stroke.
To eliminate play on the part of contoured flat 31, banking roller 29 is accommodated on an articulated lever and provides the flat with a stabilizing moment of rotation derived from a ram.
To simplify assembly, the axes of banking rollers 29 and 30 can be accommodated in bearing blocks screwed to a cylinder head 35. The bearing blocks associated with a particular cylindrical alignment of assemblies can be preliminarily mounted along with the shafts of the banking rollers, with the contoured flats 31 that they secure, and optionally with a camshaft 36 accommodated in the same bearing block, on a mount fastened to cylinder head 35.
FIG. 4 illustrates a third embodiment of an assembly for mechanically guiding variable valve controls.
The upper end of a one-armed rocker 37 pivots around a swivel 39 accommodated at the end of a cantilever extending out of a steering lever 38. Rocker 37 is driven by a cam 41 by way of a follower 40 more or less half-way along it. At its lower end, rocker 37 is provided with an engagement contour comprising segments 42 and 43. Segments 42 and 43 engage a follower 44 mounted on a walker 46 that actuates a valve 45. Segment 42 participates in maintaining valve 45 closed and segment 43 in allowing it to open. Steering lever 38 is controlled by two cranks 47 and 48, the former mounted on a crankshaft 49 and the latter on a crankshaft 50. The orientation of crankshafts 49 and 50, the structure of steering lever 38 with its three points of articulation impossible to align, the establishment of an appropriate angle, and optionally a differentiation in the lengths of cranks 47 and 48 in the setting vicinity allow the generation of a circular motion that can accurately enough guide the axis of the swivel 39 mounted on rocker 37 around the axis of the follower 44 mounted on walker 46 and in reach as long as valve 45 remains closed.
To allow adjustment of steering lever 38, one of the crankshafts, crankshaft 49, also comprises a controlling shaft. As crankshaft 49 rotates, accordingly, the other crankshaft, crankshaft 50, will be driven by way of steering lever 38 and will also execute a rotation, in that cranks 47 and 48, both, in the adjustment area, are at an appropriate angle to the longitudinal axis of steering lever 38.
The segment 42 of the engagement contour of rocker 37 that participates in maintaining valve 45 closed curves outward in the arc of a circle of radius R with its center coinciding with the axis of the swivel 39 mounted on steering lever 38. The segment 43 associated with the valve's opening stroke is provided with an outward-bent spur that extends considerably beyond segment 42.
As long as the swivel 39 mounted on steering lever 38 is in position A, the mechanism will be set to maintain valve 45 closed. With the swivel in position B, the valve will be able to open with its longest and slowest stroke. As long as valve 45 is maintained closed, outward curving segment 42 will engage the follower 44 mounted on walker 46 without activating the valve. To actuate the valve, the swivel 39 mounted on steering lever 38 will be rotated by a rotation of the controlling-shaft crankshaft 49 along with steering lever 38 out of the position associated with maintaining the valve closed until the spur associated with segment 43 engages the follower 44 mounted on walker 46. The extent of engagement will determine the length and accordingly the duration of the stroke.
Since these mechanisms require only an acute setting angle, the crankshafts 49 and 50 employed therein can be produced from straight round structural section, without bends. Cranks 47 and 48 can be welded to the section for example. Otherwise, bushings can be fastened tight to a length of section to create crankshafts 49 and 50. If the crankshafts are mounted on round section, the articulations for steering lever 38 can be undivided, with steering lever 38 comprising two flat bars.
To facilitate assembly, crankshafts 49 and 50 can be accommodated in bearing blocks to be screwed to a cylinder head 51. The mechanisms intended for a single cylindrical alignment can be preliminarily assembled along with the two crankshafts, with the steering levers 38 mounted thereon, with the rockers 37 articulated to the steering levers by swivels 39, and optionally with a camshaft 52 accommodated in the same bearing blocks, on a mount secured to cylinder head 51.

## Claims

1. A variable mechanical valve control apparatus comprising:
a walker;
a rocker which is driven by a cam, pivots around a swivel on the walker, and includes an engagement contour that has at least first and second segments which engage an adjustable follower; wherein,
the walker activates a valve;
the adjustable follower is accommodated on a steering rod in the form of a contoured flat that is secured by two radial banking rollers;
each radial banking roller has a flange on each face; and
a longitudinal axis of the contoured flat extends concentric around the axis of the swivel mounted on the walker that is in reach as long as the valve remains closed.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
the contoured flat is positioned by way of a cogged section that is engaged by a cogwheel mounted on a rotating shaft; and
the cogwheel is accommodated between halves of a banking roller.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the contoured flat is adjustable by an articulated rod that drives it.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a banking roller is accommodated an articulated lever and provides the flat with a stabilizing moment of rotation to eliminate play in positioning the contoured flat.

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the flat is provided with a contour that allows engagement of a follower mounted on the rocker.

6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the contoured flat has a swivel for guiding a rocker.