[Cite as State v. Howard, 2016-Ohio-7077.]

STATE OF OHIO ) IN THE COURT OF APPEALS 

 )ss: NINTH JUDICIAL DISTRICT 

COUNTY OF LORAIN ) 

STATE OF OHIO 

 Appellee 

 v. 

CEDRIC HOWARD 

 Appellant 

C.A. No. 15CA010857 

APPEAL FROM JUDGMENT 

ENTERED IN THE 

COURT OF COMMON PLEAS 

COUNTY OF LORAIN, OHIO 

CASE No. 14CR089570 

DECISION AND JOURNAL ENTRY 

Dated: September 30, 2016 

 

WHITMORE, Judge. 

{¶1} Defendant-Appellant, Cedric Howard, appeals from his convictions in the Lorain 

County Court of Common Pleas. This Court affirms. 

I 

{¶2} A grand jury indicted Howard on charges of drug trafficking, possession of drugs, 

operating a vehicle while under the influence (“OVI”), obstructing official business, and drug 

paraphernalia offenses. Howard initially pleaded not guilty to each charge, but later agreed to 

plead guilty to all five charges. The trial court determined that his drug trafficking and 

possession charges were allied offenses of similar import, so the State elected to have Howard 

sentenced on the trafficking charge. The court sentenced Howard to six years in prison on his 

drug trafficking count as well as a mandatory $10,000 fine. Additionally, the court sentenced 

him to one month on his drug paraphernalia count, three months on his obstructing count, and six 

months and a $375 fine on his OVI count. The court ordered Howard’s mandatory fines 
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suspended “pursuant to the affidavit of indigency.” Howard’s affidavit of indigency was filed at 

the same time as the court’s sentencing entry. 

{¶3} Howard now appeals from his convictions and raises two assignments of error for 

our review. 

II 

Assignment of Error Number One 

THE TRIAL COURT’S SENTENCE OF SIX YEARS WAS AN ABUSE OF 

DISCRETION[.] 

{¶4} In his first assignment of error, Howard argues that the trial court abused its 

discretion when it sentenced him to six years on his drug trafficking charge. He argues that, 

without a pre-sentence investigation report (“PSI”), the court could not have properly considered 

the statutory factors set forth in R.C. 2929.11 and 2929.12 in fashioning his sentence. 

{¶5} In reviewing a felony sentence, “[t]he appellate court’s standard for review is not 

whether the sentencing court abused its discretion.” R.C. 2953.08(G)(2). “[A]n appellate court 

may vacate or modify a felony sentence on appeal only if it determines by clear and convincing 

evidence” that: (1) “the record does not support the trial court’s findings under relevant statutes,” 

or (2) “the sentence is otherwise contrary to law.” State v. Marcum, Slip Opinion No. 2016-

Ohio-1002, ¶ 1. Clear and convincing evidence is that “which will produce in the mind of the 

trier of facts a firm belief or conviction as to the facts sought to be established.” Cross v. 

Ledford, 161 Ohio St. 469 (1954), paragraph three of the syllabus. 

{¶6} R.C. 2929.11 “specifies the purposes of sentencing” while R.C. 2929.12 

“provides guidance in considering factors relating to the seriousness of the offense and 

recidivism of the offender.” State v. Davison, 9th Dist. Lorain No. 10CA009803, 2011-Ohio1528, ¶ 12, quoting State v. Mathis, 109 Ohio St.3d 54, 2006-Ohio-855, ¶ 38. “Unless the record 
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shows that the court failed to consider the factors, or that the sentence is strikingly inconsistent 

with the factors, the court is presumed to have considered the statutory factors if the sentence is 

within the statutory range.” (Internal quotations and citations omitted.) State v. Fernandez, 9th 

Dist. Medina No. 13CA0054-M, 2014-Ohio-3651, ¶ 8. 

{¶7} Howard does not dispute that his six-year sentence falls within the statutory range 

for a felony of the second-degree. Instead, he argues that, in fashioning his sentence, the court 

could not have properly considered the statutory sentencing factors set forth in R.C. 2929.11 and 

2929.12. He notes that no PSI was conducted in this matter. Because no PSI was conducted, 

Howard argues, the trial court “could not have adequately evaluated the factors listed in R.C. 

2929.12 * * * and * * * R.C. 2929.11 et seq.” 

{¶8} The trial court’s sentencing entry contains the handwritten notation “waived” next 

to the section pertaining to the completion of a PSI. On appeal, Howard has not addressed the 

waiver notation or argued that he did not, in fact, waive a PSI when he pleaded guilty. See

App.R. 16(A)(7). Because the record reflects that Howard waived a PSI in this matter and he has 

not challenged his waiver on appeal, he cannot now take issue with the trial court’s having 

sentenced him in the absence of a PSI. Howard’s first assignment of error is overruled. 

Assignment of Error Number Two 

APPELLANT RECEIVED INEFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE OF COUNSEL 

WHEN COUNSEL FAILED TO PROPERLY FILE AN AFFIDAVIT OF 

POVERTY PRIOR TO THE SENTENCING HEARING. 

{¶9} In his second assignment of error, Howard argues that he received ineffective 

assistance of counsel. Specifically, he argues that he was prejudiced by his trial counsel’s failure 

to file his affidavit of indigency in a timely manner. We do not agree that Howard has 

demonstrated prejudice in this matter. 
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{¶10} In order to prevail on a claim of ineffective assistance of counsel, an appellant 

must show that his or her “counsel’s performance fell below an objective standard of 

reasonableness and that prejudice arose from counsel’s performance.” State v. Reynolds, 80 

Ohio St.3d 670, 674 (1998), citing Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 687 (1984). This 

Court need not address both Strickland prongs if an appellant fails to prove either one. State v. 

Ray, 9th Dist. Summit No. 22459, 2005-Ohio-4941, ¶ 10. 

{¶11} When a court sentences an offender on a drug trafficking charge and the charge is 

a felony of the second degree, the court must impose a mandatory fine “unless, as specified in 

[R.C. 2929.18(B)(1)], the court determines that the offender is indigent.” R.C. 2925.03(D)(1). 

R.C. 2929.18(B)(1) provides, in relevant part: 

If an offender alleges in an affidavit filed with the court prior to sentencing that 

the offender is indigent and unable to pay the mandatory fine and if the court 

determines the offender is an indigent person and is unable to pay the mandatory 

fine described in this division, the court shall not impose the mandatory fine upon 

the offender. 

The statute is “clear and unambiguous in requiring that an affidavit of indigency must be ‘filed’ 

with the court prior to sentencing * * *.” State v. Gipson, 80 Ohio St.3d 626, 632 (1998). The 

Ohio Supreme Court has interpreted the “prior to sentencing” language “to mean that the 

affidavit must be formally filed with the court prior to the filing of a journal entry reflecting the 

trial court’s sentencing decision.” Id. Generally, “the act of filing * * * includes the concept of 

time-stamping.” Id. But see State v. Calhoun, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 101816, 2015-Ohio-2155, 

¶ 12-15, citing Gipson at 633, fn.3 (discussing the possibility that an affidavit of indigency might 

be filed at the sentencing hearing if accepted by the judge and filed pursuant to Civ.R. 5(E)). 

{¶12} The record reflects that Howard’s affidavit of indigency was filed at the same 

time as the trial court’s sentencing decision. That is, both the affidavit and the sentencing entry 
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bear identical time stamps. Howard argues that he received ineffective assistance of counsel 

because his attorney did not file his affidavit of indigency before the court’s sentencing decision. 

He argues that, had his counsel filed his affidavit of indigency in a timely manner, the trial court 

could have found him indigent and not imposed a $10,000 mandatory fine upon him. 

{¶13} Even assuming that Howard’s trial counsel failed to ensure that Howard’s 

affidavit of indigency was timely filed, Howard has not shown that he was prejudiced by his 

counsel’s error. See Ray, 2005-Ohio-4941, at ¶ 10. The trial court specifically noted in its 

sentencing entry that it was suspending Howard’s mandatory fine “pursuant to the affidavit of 

indigency.” Consequently, the court clearly considered Howard’s affidavit and found him to be 

indigent. The problem here is that, despite finding Howard to be indigent, the court still imposed 

the mandatory fine and suspended it rather than not imposing it. Howard, however, has not 

assigned as error that the court erred by suspending his fine rather than not imposing it. His 

assignment of error is strictly that he received ineffective assistance of counsel. Consequently, 

we need not consider whether the court erred by suspending the fine or whether it had 

jurisdiction to consider an untimely affidavit of indigency. Because the court actually found 

Howard to be indigent pursuant to the affidavit of indigency, Howard has not shown that he was 

prejudiced by his counsel’s failure to secure the affidavit’s earlier filing. His second assignment 

of error is overruled. 

III 

{¶14} Howard’s assignments of error are overruled. The judgment of the Lorain County 

Court of Common Pleas is affirmed. 

Judgment affirmed. 
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 There were reasonable grounds for this appeal. 

 We order that a special mandate issue out of this Court, directing the Court of Common 

Pleas, County of Lorain, State of Ohio, to carry this judgment into execution. A certified copy of 

this journal entry shall constitute the mandate, pursuant to App.R. 27. 

 Immediately upon the filing hereof, this document shall constitute the journal entry of 

judgment, and it shall be file stamped by the Clerk of the Court of Appeals at which time the 

period for review shall begin to run. App.R. 22(C). The Clerk of the Court of Appeals is 

instructed to mail a notice of entry of this judgment to the parties and to make a notation of the 

mailing in the docket, pursuant to App.R. 30. 

 Costs taxed to Appellant. 

 

 BETH WHITMORE 

 FOR THE COURT 

CARR, P. J. 

HENSAL, J. 

CONCUR. 

APPEARANCES: 

HARVEY B. BRUNER, Attorney at Law, for Appellant. 

DENNIS P. WILL, Prosecuting Attorney, and NATASHA RUIZ GUERRIERI, Assistant 

Prosecuting Attorney, for Appellee.