IV 

113TH CONGRESS 

1ST SESSION H. RES. 54 

Observing the 100th birthday of civil rights icon Rosa Parks and 

commemorating her legacy. 

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 

FEBRUARY 5, 2013 

Mr. CONYERS (for himself, Mrs. ROBY, Mr. DELANEY, Mr. SCOTT of Virginia, 

Mr. PETERS of Michigan, Mr. LEWIS, Mr. CAMP, Mr. CLAY, Mr. 

BUTTERFIELD, Mr. CARSON of Indiana, Ms. CASTOR of Florida, Ms. 

CLARKE, Mr. COHEN, Mr. RANGEL, Ms. SEWELL of Alabama, Mr. 

THOMPSON of Mississippi, Ms. WILSON of Florida, Mrs. BEATTY, Ms. 

BROWN of Florida, Mr. BISHOP of Georgia, Mr. CLEAVER, Mr. AL

GREEN of Texas, Mr. CUMMINGS, Ms. EDWARDS, Ms. FUDGE, Ms. CHU, 

Mr. DANNY K. DAVIS of Illinois, Mr. DINGELL, Mr. FATTAH, Ms. 

MCCOLLUM, Ms. MOORE, Mr. NADLER, Ms. NORTON, Mr. MEEKS, Ms. 

EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas, Mr. RUSH, Mr. WATT, Mr. JOHNSON of Georgia, Mr. VELA, Mr. BACHUS, Mr. RUIZ, and Mr. BONNER) 

submitted the following resolution; which was referred to the Committee 

on the Judiciary 

RESOLUTION 

Observing the 100th birthday of civil rights icon Rosa Parks 

and commemorating her legacy. 

Whereas Rosa Louise McCauley Parks was born on February 

4, 1913, in Tuskegee, Alabama, the first child of James 

and Leona (Edwards) McCauley; 

Whereas Rosa Parks dedicated her life to the cause of universal human rights and truly embodied the love of humanity and freedom; 


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Whereas Rosa Parks was arrested on December 1, 1955, in 

Montgomery, Alabama, for refusing to give up her seat 

on a bus to a White man, and her stand for equal rights 

became legendary; 

Whereas news of the arrest of Rosa Parks resulted in approximately 42,000 African-Americans boycotting Montgomery buses for 381 days, beginning on December 5, 

1955, until the bus segregation law was changed on December 21, 1956; 

Whereas the United States Supreme Court ruled on November 13, 1956, that the Montgomery segregation law was 

unconstitutional, and on December 20, 1956, Montgomery officials were ordered to desegregate buses; 

Whereas the civil rights movement led to the Civil Rights Act 

of 1964 (Public Law 88–352; 78 Stat. 241), which broke 

down the barrier of legal discrimination against AfricanAmericans and made equality before the law a reality for 

all people of the United States; 

Whereas Congress recognized on November 18, 2005, that 

most historians date the beginning of the modern civil 

rights movement with Rosa Parks’ act of civil disobedience (H. Con. Res. 208); 

Whereas Rosa Parks has been honored as the ‘‘first lady of 

civil rights’’ and the ‘‘mother of the freedom movement’’, 

and her quiet dignity ignited the most significant social 

movement in the history of the United States; 

Whereas, in 1987, Rosa Parks and her close associate Elaine 

Steele cofounded the Rosa and Raymond Parks Institute 

for Self Development to motivate and direct youth to 

achieve their highest potential through Rosa Parks’ phiVerDate Mar 15 2010 22:16 Feb 05, 2013 Jkt 029200 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6300 E:\BILLS\HR54.IH HR54

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losophy of ‘‘quiet strength’’ and cross-cultural exposure 

for nurturing a global and inclusive perspective; 

Whereas Rosa Parks was the recipient of many awards and 

accolades for her efforts on behalf of racial harmony, including the Congressional Gold Medal, the Spingarn 

Award, which is the highest honor of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People for civil 

rights contributions, and the Presidential Medal of Freedom, which is the highest civilian honor in the United 

States, and was named one of the 20 most influential 

and iconic figures of the 20th century; 

Whereas Rosa Parks, by her quiet courage, symbolizes all 

that is vital about nonviolent protest, as she endured 

threats of death and persisted as an advocate for the simple, basic lessons she taught the Nation and from which 

the Nation has benefitted immeasurably; 

Whereas Rosa Parks and her husband Raymond Parks 

moved to Michigan in 1957 and she resided there until 

her death on October 24, 2005; 

Whereas, in recognition of the historic contributions of Rosa 

Parks, her remains were placed in the rotunda of the 

Capitol from October 30 to October 31, 2005, so that the 

people of the United States could pay their last respects 

to this great American; 

Whereas, in November 2005, Congress authorized the Joint 

Committee on the Library to procure a statue of Rosa 

Parks to be placed in the Capitol; 

Whereas the United States Postal Service will issue a stamp 

in February 2013 to honor Rosa Parks and her courage 

to act at a pivotal moment in the civil rights movement; 


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Whereas the bus on which Rosa Parks sparked a new era in 

the American quest for freedom and equality is one of the 

most significant artifacts of the American civil rights 

movement and is on permanent display in the Henry 

Ford Museum in Dearborn, Michigan; 

Whereas, on February 4, 2013, the Henry Ford Museum, will 

commemorate the 100th birthday of Rosa Parks by calling for a National Day of Courage and sponsoring a program that highlights her contributions to the civil rights 

movement, including a day-long celebration, with both 

virtual and on-site activities featuring nationally recognized speakers, musical and dramatic interpretative performances, a panel presentation of ‘‘Rosa’s Story’’ and a 

reading of the tale ‘‘Quiet Strength’’, featuring the actual 

bus on which she sat as the centerpiece in commemorating her extraordinary life and accomplishments, and 

affording everyone the opportunity to board the bus and 

sit in the seat that she refused to give up; and 

Whereas the Rosa Parks Museum at Troy University and the 

Mobile Studio will commemorate the birthday of Rosa 

Parks with the 100th Birthday Wishes Project, culminating on February 4, 2013, with a 100th birthday celebration at the Davis Theatre for the Performing Arts in 

Montgomery, Alabama, where 2,000 birthday wishes submitted by individuals throughout the United States will 

be transformed into 200 graphic messages: Now, therefore, be it 

1 Resolved, That the House of Representatives— 

2 (1) recognizes and celebrates the 100th birth3 day of civil rights icon Rosa Parks; and 


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1 (2) commemorates the legacy of Rosa Parks to 

2 inspire all people of the United States to stand up 

3 for freedom and the principles of the Constitution. 

Æ 


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