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[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 244 (Thursday, December 19, 2024)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 103627-103631]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2024-30216]

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Rules and Regulations
                                                Federal Register
________________________________________________________________________

This section of the FEDERAL REGISTER contains regulatory documents 
having general applicability and legal effect, most of which are keyed 
to and codified in the Code of Federal Regulations, which is published 
under 50 titles pursuant to 44 U.S.C. 1510.

The Code of Federal Regulations is sold by the Superintendent of Documents. 

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Federal Register / Vol. 89, No. 244 / Thursday, December 19, 2024 / 
Rules and Regulations

[[Page 103627]]

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

Rural Housing Service

7 CFR Part 3560

[Docket No RHS-24-MFH-0035]
RIN 0575-AD35

Revisions to the Smoke Alarm Requirements in the Section 515 
Rural Rental Housing and Section 514/516 Farm Labor Housing Direct Loan 
Programs

AGENCY: Multi-Family Housing, Rural Housing Service, U.S. Department of 
Agriculture (USDA).

ACTION: Final rule.

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SUMMARY: The Rural Housing Service (RHS or Agency), a Rural Development 
(RD) agency of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), is 
amending its regulation to implement changes related to the smoke alarm 
requirements for properties that receive funding from the Multi-Family 
Housing Section 515 Rural Rental Housing and the Section 514/516 Farm 
Labor Housing Direct Loan and Grant Programs. These changes are 
intended to align the Agency's smoke alarm requirements with the 
requirements set forth in the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023. 
The Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023, requires each unit of 
Federally assisted housing to contain hardwired or 10-year non-
rechargeable, non-replaceable, sealed, tamper-resistant, primary 
battery-powered smoke alarm devices containing silencing means, and 
provides notification for persons with hearing loss as required by 
applicable law (Qualifying Smoke Alarm requirements).

DATES:  This final rule is effective January 21, 2025.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Barbara Chism, Multi-Family Housing 
Asset Management Division, Rural Housing Service, 1400 Independence 
Avenue SW, Washington DC 20250-0782, Telephone: (202) 690-1436; Email: 
[email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

I. Background

    The RHS offers a variety of programs to build or improve housing 
and essential community facilities in rural areas. RHS offers loans, 
grants, and loan guarantees for single- and multi-family housing, 
childcare centers, fire and police stations, hospitals, libraries, 
nursing homes, schools, first responder vehicles and equipment, and 
housing for farm laborers. RHS also provides technical assistance loans 
and grants in partnership with non-profit organizations, Indian tribes, 
State and Federal Government agencies, and local communities.
    Title V of the Housing Act of 1949 authorized the USDA to make 
housing loans to farmers to enable them to provide habitable dwellings 
for themselves or their tenants, lessees, sharecroppers, and laborers. 
The USDA then expanded opportunities in rural areas, making housing 
loans and grants to rural residents through the Single-Family Housing 
(SFH) and Multi-Family Housing (MFH) Programs.
    The RHS administers the MFH section 515 Rural Rental Housing Direct 
Loan Program under 7 CFR part 3560, subpart B. The Section 515 program 
employs a public-private partnership by providing subsidized loans at 
an interest rate of one percent to developers to construct or renovate 
affordable rental complexes in rural areas. This one percent loan keeps 
the debt service on the property sufficiently low to support below-
market rents affordable to low-income tenants. Many of these projects 
also utilize other Federal, State, and local funding sources and rental 
subsidies such as HUD's Section 8 and low-income housing tax credit 
proceeds.
    The RHS also operates the MFH Farm Labor Housing Direct Loan and 
Grant Program under sections 514 and 516 set forth in 7 CFR part 3560, 
subparts L and M. The MFH Farm Labor Housing Direct Loan and Grant 
Program provides low interest loans and grants to provide housing for 
farmworkers. These eligible farmworkers may either live and work at the 
borrower's farm, including seasonal and migrant workers (``on-farm''), 
or they may live away from the farm (``off-farm'').
    Under the current regulation, borrowers are required to install and 
maintain smoke alarms in all dwelling units, common use areas, and 
other spaces in all residential buildings included as security for 
Agency financed loans and grants. Borrowers must also ensure that smoke 
alarms are properly located to protect tenant safety and the value of 
the Agency's asset. Failure to maintain adequate smoke alarms may lead 
to injury of persons, damage to property, or a non-monetary loan 
default.

II. Purpose of This Regulatory Action

    On December 29, 2022, the President signed into law the 
Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023 (Pub. L. 117-328) (Act), which 
incorporated The Public and Federally Assisted Housing Fire Safety Act, 
2022, which requires each unit and common use areas of Federally 
assisted housing to contain hardwired or 10-year non-rechargeable, 
sealed, tamper-resistant primary battery-powered smoke alarm devices, 
as well as other items. The Act further amended the Housing Act of 
1949, to implement these new smoke detector requirements for Section 
515 Rural Rental Housing and Section 514/516 Farm Labor Housing Direct 
Loan Programs Public Law 117-328, div. AA, title VI, sec. 601. This 
final rule will implement the requirements the Act which is intended 
to: (1) align the smoke alarm requirements with more stringent 
requirements for Federally assisted housing industry standards; (2) 
increase the safety of tenants and visitors at properties; (3) reduce 
the risk of losing available affordable housing units in rural 
communities due to uninhabitability caused by smoke and fire damage as 
a result of outdated smoke alarm devices; and (4) provide the Agency 
with additional protection from the loss of its security value.

Discussion of the Public Comments

    RHS published a proposed rule on January 8, 2024 [89 FR 892], in 
the Federal Register to solicit comments on the proposed changes to 7 
CFR part 3560 of subpart B and 7 CFR 3560.103(a)(3)(xx) of subpart C 
related to smoke alarm requirements for Section 515 Rural Rental 
Housing and Section 514/516 Farm Labor Housing Direct Loan and Grant 
Programs. The comment period ended on March 8, 2024. No

[[Page 103628]]

changes were made in this final rule as a result of public comments.
    RHS received comments from sixteen respondents. Commenters included 
three anonymous, nine private individuals, two property management 
agencies, one housing authority, and one national trade association. In 
addition, two comments from respondents were submitted in duplicate. 
Each comment is addressed, and duplicates are addressed in one 
statement.
    The comments the Agency received are summarized as follows:
    Public Comment: Two anonymous, four individuals, and one property 
management agent respondents expressed full support for the proposed 
rule.
    Agency's Response: The Agency appreciates the respondents' support 
and has determined that no action is required.
    Public Comment: Two individual respondents expressed concern for 
the poor and substandard living conditions and safety of farmworker 
housing in America and ensuring that smoke alarms in Federally assisted 
housing are installed identically, legally, and safely. The comment 
stated it would be beneficial to apply this rule to temporary labor 
camp housing as well, if not already intended to be included.
    Agency's Response: The Agency appreciates the respondent's position 
and acknowledges the concern. The Agency does not fund temporary labor 
camp housing. The housing funded by the Agency's MFH Farm Labor Housing 
Direct Loan and Grant Program is intended for year-round and seasonal 
residential use by farmworkers. The Agency's farmworker housing, which 
is subject to the Qualifying Smoke Alarm requirements, contains 
appropriate furnishings and equipment, and is routinely inspected by 
the Agency to ensure it is maintained in a decent, safe, and sanitary 
manner.
    Public Comment: One individual respondent expressed concern for 
flammable substances often involved in agricultural processes, and that 
the minimal cost to purchase and install smoke detectors far outweighs 
the monetary and physical consequences of a fire without an alarm 
system.
    Agency's Response: The Agency appreciates the respondent's support 
and has determined that no action is required.
    Public Comment: One individual respondent expressed concern about 
the Agency's efforts to improve outdated policies to improve conditions 
for farm labor housing residents, and how this rule will be implemented 
and enforced.
    Agency's Response: The Agency appreciates the respondent's concern. 
The Agency implements regulations, policies and procedures with a focus 
to protect the health and safety of residents in its properties, 
including policies aimed at improving living conditions for farm labor 
housing residents. The Agency's routine physical inspections 
historically show that farm labor housing properties are currently in 
compliance with the smoke alarm requirements. With the effective date 
of this rule, properties found to be out of compliance with Qualifying 
Smoke Alarm requirements will be given written notice of a 30-day 
period to resolve the violation, which is considered a health and 
safety violation requiring immediate action. The Agency makes every 
effort to work closely with property owners and management agents to 
resolve any outstanding compliance issues prior to recommending legal 
action and levying monetary penalties.
    Public Comment: One individual respondent expressed the concern 
that combining smoke and carbon monoxide detectors should be prohibited 
in all USDA Housing Programs because each device requires opposite 
positioning to be effective.
    Agency's Response: The Agency appreciates the respondent's position 
and acknowledges the concern. Although this rule does not address a 
combined installation of smoke and carbon monoxide detectors, the 
Agency will take the respondent's comment under advisement as future 
fire and smoke alarm policies are developed.
    Public Comment: One anonymous respondent expressed concern for the 
steady rate of increased housing repair and replacement costs in the 
affordable housing industry due to demand/supply constraints in the 
market for labor and materials. The respondent stated that the proposed 
rule aligns with more stringent requirements for smoke alarms, and that 
the Agency should prioritize ensuring that every home within the scope 
of the MFH Program has a reliable smoke alarm.
    Agency's Response: The Agency appreciates the respondent's position 
and acknowledges the concern. The Agency endeavors to utilize current 
programs for assisting owners to obtain needed affordable funding 
sources for housing repair and replacement costs and has determined 
that no action is required. The Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023 
requires that all dwelling units rehabilitated or repaired with a loan 
made or insured under the Act shall contain Qualifying Smoke Alarms 
that are installed in accordance with applicable codes and standards.
    Public Comment: The housing authority respondent expressed concerns 
that the proposed rule does not include funding to purchase and install 
the required equipment. This creates a financial burden on the project. 
To implement this requirement, other necessary repairs will likely be 
sidelined when having to decide how to fund everything needed by the 
project.
    Agency's Response: The Agency appreciates the respondent's position 
and acknowledges the concerns regarding the costs associated with this 
requirement. Except for a select number of properties not in compliance 
and in need of substantial replacements, the Agency does not consider 
the overall cost to upgrade to be substantial. The cost of upgrading to 
the Qualifying Smoke Alarm is an eligible expense that may be paid from 
the property's operating funds. The Agency will utilize existing 
servicing methods to assist borrowers experiencing a financial hardship 
to ensure compliance with this rule.
    Public Comment: A national trade association respondent expressed 
their commitment to supporting technological advancements and changes 
to national consensus codes and standards that will increase the number 
of operational smoke alarms in U.S. homes. The respondent's position is 
that consumers should be free to choose which smoke alarms are present 
in their homes, provided those devices comply with consensus codes and 
standards. The respondent does not support legislation that attempts to 
mandate one type of life safety technology at the exclusion of other 
important technologies.
    Agency's Response: The Agency appreciates the respondent's position 
and acknowledges the concern. Federally funded residential properties 
must comply with established Federal and local fire protection laws and 
standards, at a minimum. The Agency does not preclude borrowers and 
management agents from purchasing and installing life saving features 
that exceed the minimum Federal requirements. The Agency is mandating 
this type of life safety technology for buildings that are Federally 
funded to comply with established Federal and local fire protection 
laws and standards. This will ensure that safe and uniform lifesaving 
notification methods are consistently being used at all times. RHS is 
required to abide by the latest statutes and regulations and as new 
life saving technologies become available and are Federally adopted, 
the Agency

[[Page 103629]]

will comply. In addition, the Agency will take the recommendation of 
additional policy guidance promoting monthly testing, and the 
installation of extra life safety technologies not supported by 10-year 
batteries, such as Low-Frequency Audible Alarms (Enhanced Waking 
Effectiveness), Multiple Sensing Technology Alarms, Control Units, and 
Interconnection if it exceeds Federally mandated requirements under 
advisement.
    Public Comment: One property management agency respondent expressed 
concern that the rule as proposed by RD is incorrectly stated. The 
Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023 requires smoke detectors to 
provide notification for persons with hearing loss, whereas the Public 
and Federally Assisted Housing Fire and Safety Act of 2022 does not. 
Respondent questions the sensibility of requiring all units in the 
housing development to contain a notification system for individuals 
with hearing loss regardless of whether a non-hearing loss household 
occupies the unit. Also, the rule should define what RD considers 
``Substantially Rehabilitated'' for purposes of requiring hardwired 
smoke detectors. The cost of implementing the rule without funding 
provided for in title VI section 601(g) of the Appropriations Act 
creates a significant cost for older properties already struggling. 
USDA should state in its rule how it will reimburse properties for the 
cost of complying with the requirements or allow owners to opt out of 
the program.
    Agency's Response: The Agency appreciates the commenters remarks 
and has stated the final rule as presented in title VI, section 
601(e)(3)(B)(ii) of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023 and 
affirms the Qualifying Smoke Alarm Definition in the final Smoke Alarm 
rule mirrors that of the Housing Act of 1949, as amended. The Agency 
has determined that the language in the final rule informs that only 
units housing an individual with hearing loss must contain a 
notification system.

III. Summary of Changes

    The final changes are as follows:
    1. A new paragraph (e) will be added to Sec.  3560.60 that cross-
references Sec.  3560.103(a)(3)(xx), which includes the Qualifying 
Smoke Alarm requirements that a smoke alarm must contain hardwired or 
10-year non-rechargeable, non-replaceable, sealed, tamper-resistant, 
primary battery-powered smoke alarm devices containing silencing means, 
and provides notification for persons with hearing loss as required by 
applicable law.
    2. The new Qualifying Smoke Alarm requirements will be added to 
Sec.  3560.103(a)(3)(xx) which will set forth the new requirements that 
are cross-referenced in Sec.  3560.60.

IV. Regulatory Information

Statutory Authority

    The changes in this final rule are authorized under the 
Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023, (Pub. L. 117-328), div. AA, 
title VI, sec. 601 and is authorized under sections 514(k), 515(m), and 
516(c) of title V of the Housing Act of 1949, as amended; 42 U.S.C. 
1480 et seq.; and implemented under 7 CFR part 3560.

Executive Order 12372, Intergovernmental Review of Federal Programs

    These loans are subject to the provisions of Executive Order 12372, 
which requires intergovernmental consultation with State and local 
officials. RHS conducts intergovernmental consultations for each loan 
in accordance with 2 CFR part 415, subpart C.

Executive Order 12866, Regulatory Planning and Review

    This final rule has been determined to be non-significant and, 
therefore, was not reviewed by the Office of Management and Budget 
(OMB) under Executive Order 12866.

Executive Order 12988, Civil Justice Reform

    This final rule has been reviewed under Executive Order 12988. In 
accordance with this rulemaking: (1) Unless otherwise specifically 
provided, all State and local laws that conflict with this rulemaking 
will be preempted; (2) no retroactive effect will be given to this 
rulemaking except as specifically prescribed in the rule; and (3) 
administrative proceedings of the National Appeals Division of the 
Department of Agriculture (7 CFR part 11) must be exhausted before 
suing in court that challenges action taken under this rulemaking.

Executive Order 13132, Federalism

    The policies contained in this final rule do not have any 
substantial direct effect on states, on the relationship between the 
National Government and the states, or on the distribution of power and 
responsibilities among the various levels of government. This final 
rule does not impose substantial direct compliance costs on State and 
local governments; therefore, consultation with states is not required.

Executive Order 13175, Consultation and Coordination With Indian 
Governments

    Executive Order 13175 imposes requirements on RHS in the 
development of regulatory policies that have Tribal implications or 
preempt Tribal laws. RHS has determined that the final rule does not 
have a substantial direct effect on one or more Indian tribe(s) or on 
either the relationship or the distribution of powers and 
responsibilities between the Federal Government and Indian tribes. 
Thus, this final rule is not subject to the requirements of Executive 
Order 13175. If Tribal leaders are interested in consulting with RHS on 
this rulemaking, they are encouraged to contact USDA's Office of Tribal 
Relations or RD's Tribal Coordinator at: [email protected] to request such 
a consultation.

Administrative Pay-As-You-Go-Act of 2023

    The Administrative Pay-As-You-Go-Act of 2023 (Act) (See Fiscal 
Responsibility Act of 2023, Pub. L. 118-5, 137 Stat 31, div. B, title 
III) requires the U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO) to assess 
agency compliance with the Act, which establishes requirements for 
administrative actions that affect direct spending, in GAO's major rule 
reports. The Act does not apply to this rule because it does not 
increase direct spending.

Assistance Listing

    The programs affected by this regulation are listed in the 
Assistance Listing Catalog (formerly Catalog of Federal Domestic 
Assistance) under number 10.415-Rural Rental Housing Loans, 10.427-
Rural Rental Assistance Payments, 10.405-Farm Labor Housing Loans and 
Grants.

Civil Rights Impact Analysis

    Rural Development has reviewed this final rule in accordance with 
USDA Regulation 4300-004, Civil Rights Impact Analysis, to identify any 
major civil rights impacts the final rule might have on program 
participants on the basis of age, race, color, national origin, sex, or 
disability. After review and analysis of the final rule and available 
data, it has been determined that implementation of the rulemaking will 
not adversely or disproportionately impact very low, low- and moderate-
income populations, minority populations, women, Indian tribes, or

[[Page 103630]]

persons with disability by virtue of their race, color, national 
origin, sex, age, disability, or marital or familial status. No major 
civil rights impact is likely to result from this final rule.

E-Government Act Compliance

    RD is committed to the E-Government Act, which requires Government 
agencies in general to provide the public the option of submitting 
information or transacting business electronically to the maximum 
extent possible.

National Environmental Policy Act

    This final rule has been reviewed in accordance with 7 CFR part 
1970, subpart A, ``Environmental Policies.'' RHS determined that this 
action does not constitute a major Federal action significantly 
affecting the quality of the environment. In accordance with the 
National Environmental Policy Act of 1969, Public Law 91-190, an 
Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) is not required.

Paperwork Reduction Act

    The information collection requirements contained in this final 
rule have been approved by OMB and have been assigned OMB control 
number 0575-0189. This final rule contains no new reporting and 
recordkeeping requirements that would require approval under the 
Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. chapter 35).

Regulatory Flexibility Act

    This final rule has been reviewed with regard to the requirements 
of the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601-612). The undersigned 
has determined and certified by signature on this document that this 
final rule will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial 
number of small entities since this rulemaking action does not involve 
a new or expanded program nor does it require any more action on the 
part of a small business than required of a large entity.

Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (UMRA)

    Title II of the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (UMRA), Public 
Law 104-4, establishes requirements for Federal agencies to assess the 
effects of their regulatory actions on State, local, and Tribal 
Governments and on the private sector. Under section 202 of the UMRA, 
Federal agencies generally must prepare a written statement, including 
cost-benefit analysis, for proposed and final rules with ``Federal 
mandates'' that may result in expenditures to State, local, or Tribal 
Governments, in the aggregate, or to the private sector, of $100 
million or more in any one year. When such a statement is needed for a 
rule, section 205 of the UMRA generally requires a Federal agency to 
identify and consider a reasonable number of regulatory alternatives 
and adopt the least costly, more cost-effective, or least burdensome 
alternative that achieves the objectives of the rule.
    This final rule contains no Federal mandates (under the regulatory 
provisions of title II of the UMRA) for State, local, and Tribal 
Governments or for the private sector. Therefore, this final rule is 
not subject to the requirements of sections 202 and 205 of the UMRA.

Non-Discrimination Policy

    In accordance with Federal civil rights laws and U.S. Department of 
Agriculture (USDA) civil rights regulations and policies, the USDA, its 
Mission Areas, agencies, staff offices, employees, and institutions 
participating in or administering USDA programs are prohibited from 
discriminating based on race, color, national origin, religion, sex, 
gender identity (including gender expression), sexual orientation, 
disability, age, marital status, family/parental status, income derived 
from a public assistance program, political beliefs, or reprisal or 
retaliation for prior civil rights activity, in any program or activity 
conducted or funded by USDA (not all bases apply to all programs). 
Remedies and complaint filing deadlines vary by program or incident.
    Program information may be made available in languages other than 
English. Persons with disabilities who require alternative means of 
communication to obtain program information (e.g., Braille, large 
print, audiotape, American Sign Language) should contact the 
responsible Mission Area, agency, staff office; or the Federal Relay 
Service at (800) 877-8339.
    To file a program discrimination complaint, a complainant should 
complete a Form AD-3027, USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form, 
which can be obtained online at https://www.usda.gov/sites/default/files/documents/ad-3027.pdf from any USDA office, by calling (866) 632-
9992, or by writing a letter addressed to USDA. The letter must contain 
the complainant's name, address, telephone number, and a written 
description of the alleged discriminatory action in sufficient detail 
to inform the Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights (ASCR) about the 
nature and date of an alleged civil rights violation. The completed AD-
3027 form or letter must be submitted to USDA by:
    (1) Mail: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Office of the Assistant 
Secretary for Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue SW, Washington, DC 
20250-9410; or
    (2) Fax: (833) 256-1665 or (202) 690-7442; or
    (3) Email: [email protected].
    USDA is an equal opportunity provider, employer, and lender.

Severability

    It is USDA's intention that the provisions of this final rule shall 
operate independently of each other. In the event that this rule or any 
portion is ultimately declared invalid or stayed as to a particular 
provision, it is USDA's intent that the rule nonetheless be severable 
and remain valid with respect to those provisions not affected by a 
declaration of invalidity or stayed. USDA concludes it would separately 
adopt all of the provisions contained in this final rule. USDA is an 
equal opportunity provider, employer, and lender.

List of Subjects in 7 CFR Part 3560

    Accounting, Administrative practice and procedure, Aged, Conflicts 
of interest, Government property management, Grant programs--housing 
and community development, Insurance, Loan programs--agriculture, Loan 
programs--housing and community development, Low- and moderate-income 
housing, Migrant labor, Mortgages, Nonprofit organizations, Public 
housing, Rent--subsidies, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, 
Rural areas.

    For the reasons set forth in the preamble, Rural Housing Service 
amends 7 CFR part 3560 as follows:

PART 3560--DIRECT MULTI-FAMILY HOUSING LOANS AND GRANTS

0
1. The authority citation for part 3560 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 42 U.S.C. 1480.

Subpart B--Direct Loan and Grant Origination

0
2. Amend Sec.  3560.60 by adding paragraph (e) to read as follows:

Sec.  3560.60  Design requirements.

* * * * *
    (e) Applicable codes and standards. All housing and related 
facilities must meet the Qualifying Smoke Alarm requirements in Sec.  
3560.103(a)(3)(xx).

[[Page 103631]]

Subpart C--Borrower Management and Operations Responsibilities

0
3. Amend Sec.  3560.103 by revising and republishing paragraph 
(a)(3)(xx) to read as follows:

Sec.  3560.103  Maintaining housing projects.

    (a) * * *
    (3) * * *
    (xx) Smoke alarms. The housing project must have Qualifying Smoke 
Alarms which are installed in accordance with applicable codes and 
standards as set forth in sections 514(k), 515(m), and 516(c) of the 
Housing Act of 1949 (42 U.S.C. 1471 et seq.), in each level and in or 
near each sleeping area in such dwelling unit, including in basements 
but excepting crawl spaces and unfinished attics, and in each common 
area in a project containing such a dwelling unit.
    (A) Dwelling units built before December 29, 2022, and not 
substantially rehabilitated after December 29, 2022, smoke alarms must:
    (1) Be hardwired; or
    (2) Use 10-year non rechargeable, nonreplaceable primary batteries,
    (i) Be sealed,
    (ii) Tamper resistant,
    (iii) Contain silencing means; and
    (3) Provide notification for persons with hearing loss as required 
by applicable standards set forth in sections 514(k), 515(m), and 
516(c) of the Housing Act of 1949 (42 U.S.C. 1471 et seq.).
    (B) Dwelling units built or substantially rehabilitated after 
December 29, 2022; smoke alarms must be hardwired.
* * * * *

Joaquin Altoro,
Administrator, Rural Housing Service.
[FR Doc. 2024-30216 Filed 12-18-24; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 3410-XV-P
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