# Patent

## Title
Portable gas powered internal combustion engine arrangement

## Abstract

A gas powered internal combustion engine in which the gas is provided from the gas phase of a pressurized liquid gas in an liquified petroleum gas container and in which the liquified petroleum gas container is rigidly mounted adjacent to the internal combustion engine at a preselected angle to be in conductive heat transfer relationship to the internal combustion engine and in vibration receiving relationship to the internal combustion engine whereby the liquified gas in the liquified petroleum gas container is heated and vibrated and the effective surface area thereof is thereby increased. A pressure regulator is provided for receiving the gas from the liquified petroleum gas bottle regulating the pressure of the gas transmitted to the internal combustion engine and at least one flexible hose is connected to the pressure regulator for transmitting the gas therethrough. A vibration and/or heat limiting member may be incorporated to reduce the frequence and amplitude of the vibration and limit the amount of heat transferred to the liquified petroleum gas.

## Background
REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This Application is a continuation in part of co-pending application Ser. No. 12/927,612 filed Nov. 19, 2010 which is a continuation in part of co-pending Ser. No. 12/655,121, filed Dec. 24, 2009, which is a continuation in part of Ser. No. 12/455,407 filed Jun. 3, 2009 now U.S. Pat. No. 7,703,430, which is a continuation of Ser. No. 12/221,869, filed Aug. 6, 2008 now U.S. Pat. No. 7,730,868, which is a continuation of Ser. No. 11/702,381 filed Feb. 6, 2008 now U.S. Pat. No. 7,424,886, and is a continuation in part of co-pending Ser. No. 12/655,144 filed Dec. 24, 2009 which is a continuation of Ser. No. 12/455,790 filed Jun. 8, 2009, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,739,996, which is a continuation of Ser. No. 12/221,869, filed Aug. 6, 2008 now U.S. Pat. No. 7,730,868, which is a continuation of Ser. No. 11/702,381 filed Feb. 6, 2008 now U.S. Pat. No. 7,424,886.


BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a gas powered internal combustion engine which may be utilized to drive a variety of devices and may be utilized in one application as an emergency power source for generating electrical power. As utilized herein the term “gas” refers to a fluid in the gas state as a product which is emitted from a fluid in the liquid state which is stored under pressure and as contained, for example, in an LPG: Liquefied Petroleum Gas, commonly known as propane, container, or butane or the like. As utilized herein, the terms gas state, liquid state and fluid are used in the technical sense. That is, fluid is defined to mean a substance that can fill the volume of the container in which it is placed and includes both gas state and liquid state of the substance. “Gasoline” is used herein to define the liquid hydrocarbon based fuels generally used to power the engines of automobiles, trucks and the like.
Description of the Prior Art
There are many applications where a portable source of power is desired. These applications include the operation of many rotary devices such as portable gardening tools including hedge trimmers, weed cutters, small chain, reciprocating or rotating saws, and the like. Such devices are used while the user thereof is mobile. These devices are often driven by a small internal combustion engine using gasoline as the energy source and having a small tank for the gasoline as part of the equipment and providing a rotary output through a rotating drive shaft driven by the internal combustion engine to drive the particular device. As such, they require the storage of gasoline for the continued operation thereof in order to periodically refill the small gasoline tank. However, the storage of gasoline is highly restricted as to the type of container in which it may be stored, the places where it may be stored, the amount that may be stored and the environmental conditions under which it may be stored.
Another application of portable sources of power is in the field of devices that, while portable, are generally stationary during use. This field of devices includes portable electric generators utilized for emergency power or to provide electrical energy in locations where other electrical energy is not available. Many of these portable electrical power generators are driven by an internal combustion engine. The larger types of these portable electric power generators as carried in emergency vehicles of various types utilize gasoline or diesel powered engines with comparatively large storage supplies of the gasoline or diesel oil. Such devices are, of course, large and cumbersome and not adapted to be a readily portable device that may be easily carried by one person and transported from location to location.
However, there is a demand for an electric power generator that is small and light enough to be moved by one person from location to location and still provide a moderate amount of electrical power. These small electrical power generators are often driven by a small, light weight internal combustion engine. In this class of small, light weight internal combustion engine driven electrical generators it is often desired to store such device, either permanently or temporarily in the home, garage, vehicle or other location and also to store a comparatively large amount of fuel for use therein. In the situation of an electrical power outage in a residence, a small electrical power generator may be utilized to power a radio, recharge a cell phone or other such device, power a hot plate for cooking, provide illumination or for other desired activities. Other uses of a small internal combustion engine drive electrical generator are in campsites, on boats which do not have any other type of electrical power, and may other purposes.
The internal combustion engine that have heretofore been proposed for these small internal combustion engine driven electrical generators have been single cylinder, two cycle, engines in which the compression has been in the cylinder located in the crankcase thereof.
To meet these desiderata it is necessary that the fuel to power the internal combustion engine be of the type and in the condition that it may be stored in virtually any desired amount at the storage location of the engine powered electrical generator. The use of LPG is one type of fuel that may be utilized in an internal combustion engine in place of the gasoline or diesel to power the internal combustion engine that is utilized to drive the electrical generator, or other engine driven device. The LPG containers are pressurized so that the gas therein is converted to the liquid state and, as such, has an amount of fluid in the gas state above the vertically top level of the fluid in the liquid state.
One type of LPG storage bottle that has been proposed to provide power for these small internal combustion engine driven devices is a small container holding approximately 1 to 2 pounds of LPG contained in the bottle. These bottles have heretofore been utilized in various camping applications and are widely available.
In some of the prior art configurations, an LPG container was utilized and the LPG container required a particular rotational orientation about the long axis thereof in order to feed the gas therefrom because of a generally right angle bended feed tube in the container through which the gas flows to regions external the LPG container. Such a configuration limits the utility of such a device.
One very well known brand of such LPG bottles is the small LPG containers which are generally known to the public as Coleman Bottles. The Coleman Bottles are on the order of three and one half inches in diameter and on the order of seven and one half inches in axial length and contain about one to two pounds of the LPG. The Coleman Bottles come equipped with a standard threaded adapter for ready threading into a utilizing device and do not have any preferred orientation of rotation about the long axis thereof with respect to the device into which it is threaded. The adapter has an internal disconnect coupling for appropriate connection into a matching disconnect coupling which allows the flow of gas from the bottle when connected and prevents the flow of gas therefrom when disconnected. The Coleman Bottles are also provided with a built in pressure relief valve for safety in the event of over pressurization. The Coleman Bottles contain such a limited amount of LPG that a plurality of such bottles generally may, within the present laws and regulations, be stored in the home, in the garage or carried in a vehicle thus making them attractive as a substitute for use in many gasoline or diesel oil powered applications. However, the gas flow rate of the gas from the LPG in a Coleman Bottle is limited because of the comparatively small surface area of the LPG from which the gas is generated. In the event that too high a gas flow rate is demanded from the LPG in a Coleman Bottle, the LPG will freeze and thus effectively end the generation of the gas at usable flow rates from the LPG. Consequently, despite the attractiveness of the Coleman Bottles for use in many devices, the use of the Coleman Bottles has generally been limited to very low power requirement applications and have not been adapted for use in providing the energy for powering an internal combustion engine utilized to drive an electrical generator or other portable engine driven devices.
Thus, there has long been a need for a suitable arrangement in which a standard, readily available Coleman Bottle is utilized in an application in which power sufficient to drive a small electrical generator or other small portable engine driven devices is demanded.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an improved portable internal combustion engine driven device in which the engine is powered by LPG.
It is another object of the present device to provide an improved portable internal combustion engine driven device in which the engine is powered by LPG and the LPG is in a container having a comparatively small amount of LPG.
It is another object of the present device to provide an improved portable internal combustion engine driven device in which the engine is powered by LPG and the LPG is in a container having a comparatively small amount of LPG and the LPG container may be rotated about its axis to any desired position for operation and does not require a particular rotational position about its axis for operation.
It is yet another object of the present invention to provide an improved portable internal combustion engine driven device in which the engine is powered by LPG and the LPG is in a container having a comparatively small amount of LPG and in which a comparatively large and continuous flow of gas from the LPG in the container is obtainable.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide an improved portable internal combustion engine driven device in which the engine is powered by LPG and the LPG is in a container having a comparatively small amount of LPG and the mounting of the LPG container with respect to the internal combustion engine allows a comparatively large and continuous flow of gas from the LPG in the container
It is another object of the present invention to provide mounting structure for the components of an improved portable internal combustion engine driven device that will minimize or eliminate deleterious effects of differential vibrations between the components thereof.
It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a vibration and/or heat limiting member to attenuate the frequence of the vibration and/or reduce the amplitude of the vibration an/or to reduce the heat transferred to the liquified petroleum gas bottle.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The above and other objects of the present invention are achieved, in a preferred embodiment thereof, in an internal combustion engine driven device which for purposes of describing this embodiment may be an electrical energy generator. The internal combustion engine may be a four stroke, two stroke with appropriate oil injection, single cylinder air or liquid cooled engine, though larger types of engines may be utilized as desired for particular applications. The internal combustion engine may have an inertial or pull type starter to initiate operation thereof and such engines are readily available. The cylinder of the internal combustion engine is contained in a crankcase and the movement of the piston in the cylinder drives a crankshaft which is connected to the device to be driven such as the electrical generator. The combustion of the gas-air mixture in the cylinder of the internal combustion engine generates heat which heats the cylinder and crankcase of the engine. Further, the operation of the engine also vibrates the engine and all the structure associated with therewith.
The engine has a carburetor in which the gas is mixed with air to provide the explosive mixture that is introduced into the cylinder. The engine is provided with a spark plug to initiate the combustion of the gas-air mixture in the cylinder.
In accordance with the principals of the present invention a mounting plate is adjacent the crankcase of the engine and is coupled thereto. The mounting plate receives both heat from the crankcase and is vibrated by the vibration of the engine.
The gas provided to the carburetor is gas from the LPG contained in a Coleman Bottle arrangement of one or more Coleman Bottles. The Coleman Bottle type LPG container (whether called a Coleman Bottles or sold under any other brand name) in the arrangement is mounted on the mounting plate connected to the crankcase of the internal combustion engine to be in heat transfer and vibration transfer relationship thereto in a preferred orientation with respect to the horizontal. The Coleman Bottle may be of the configuration illustrated in U.S. design Pat. No. D295,885. The Coleman Bottles may contain, in the smaller versions thereof, liquified petroleum gas on the order of 14 to 16 ounces. Such size LPG containers are the general type preferred for usage in the embodiments of the present invention. The preferred orientation is with the long axis of the Coleman Bottle LPG container at an angle of between 14° and 16°, with 15° being desired, for the present configuration of the Coleman Bottles. This angular orientation provides the very unusual and unexpected result of maximizing the gas flow and preventing the flow of liquid LPG from the Coleman Bottles. Since the Coleman Bottles are not filled to the top of the bottle with the LPG but have a predetermined and generally uniform from bottle to bottle volume of gas above the top surface of the LPG The selected angular orientation of the Coleman Bottles with respect to the horizontal is such that the surface area of the LPG is maximized but the outlet of the Coleman Bottles is vertically above the top surface of the LPG. Such orientation of the Coleman Bottles not only maximizes the usable surface area of the LPG from which the gas state is generated but also prevent the flow of LPG in the liquid state therefrom. The preferred angular orientation with respect to the horizontal may be selected for other LPG containers which may be utilized in other applications to achieve the unusual and novel configuration for evaporation of the gas from the liquid LPG. The Coleman Bottles have the additional advantage of being free from any requirement for a particular rotational position about its long axis for operation. That is, for the Coleman Bottles mounted as described herein, the Coleman Bottles may be in any rotational position about its axis and still provide operation.
The above described mounting of the Coleman Bottles on the mounting plate to be in thermal transfer relationship thereto for receiving heat as generated in the cylinder of the internal combustion engine as well as receiving vibration therefrom uniquely allows the continuous flow of larger amounts of gas from the LPG to thereby allow the powering of larger internal combustion engines and demand devices. The heat transferred to the Coleman Bottles heats the LPG contained therein to increase the evaporation of gas therefrom. The heat thus transferred to the LPG tends to keep the temperature of the liquid LPG above the freezing point even though comparatively larger amounts of gas are evaporated therefrom. The direct transfer of heat from the engine to the Coleman bottle and thus to the LPG therein has a dual benefit: the heat keeps the LPG from freezing and aids in cooling the internal combustion engine during the operation thereof. The transmittal of vibration of the Coleman Bottle by the operation of the engine also agitates the LPG to thus increase the effective surface area thereof thereby allowing even greater flow of gas therefrom and the agitation also helps in preventing the LPG from freezing.
The internal combustion engine has a rotating crankshaft that is driven by the operation of the piston in the cylinder and the crankshaft is connected to any desired device that is to be powered. For purposes of explanation of the principles of the present invention, the preferred embodiment of the invention is described and shown herein as having an electric generator driven by the internal combustion engine. However, many other devices may be driven by the internal combustion engine in structure incorporating the principles of the present invention.
The generator is driven by the internal combustion engine and provides electrical power. The electrical power may be alternating current and/or may also be direct current. Suitable receptacles for allowing plug in connection at the receptacles to electric powered devices are provided.
In order to provide even greater flow of gas, two or more Coleman Bottles may be mounted on the internal combustion engine and connected together to provide a single gas flow outlet therefrom.
In some applications of the preferred embodiment of the present invention it may be desired to utilize other gas powered devices of the type commonly used in many outdoor camping applications and the like. Such gas operated illumination, cooking, heating and similar devices generally have a built in pressure or flow regulator. A separate gas flow outlet tube may be provided from the Coleman Bottle to allow attachment and operation of these devices either independently or simultaneously with the operation of the electric generator.
In other applications of the present invention, gas powered internal combustion engine may be utilized to power such diverse implements as various gardening tools such as leaf blowers, edge trimmers, mowers, and the like as well, as other devices where a safe, portable source of power is required.
In some applications of the present invention it has been found that the vibration to which the liquified petroleum gas container is exposed during operation of the internal combustion engine may cause damage to the liquified petroleum gas container to which a rigid hose is utilized for connecting the liquified petroleum gas container to the pressure regulator or to any other component of the system. In an embodiment of the present invention that overcomes the problem of vibration induced damage to the liquified petroleum gas container and/or the hose connection at the output thereof, there is provided in this embodiment a flexible hose for conducting the liquified petroleum gas from the liquified petroleum gas container to the a component of the system. In one variation of this embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an outlet conduit which is a flexible hose having a first end thereof connected to a connector on the outlet of the liquified petroleum gas container to minimize the damaging effect of vibration and the second end of the outlet conduit flexible hose may be connected to, for example, a pressure regulator which is mounted on the internal combustion engine, for example on the carburetor thereof.
In another variation of this embodiment of the present invention, the pressure regulator is not mounted directly on the internal combustion engine. In this variation of the embodiment an outlet conduit, which may be a flexible hose is connected between the connector on the outlet connection of the liquified petroleum gas container and the pressure regulator and a delivery conduit is connected between the pressure regulator and the internal combustion engine. The pressure regulator in this embodiment is considered to be “line mounted” since the pressure regulator may, if desired, only be connected to the outlet conduit and the delivery conduit. For the embodiment where the outlet conduit is a flexible hose, the delivery conduit may be a rigid tube. Alternatively, if the outlet conduit is a rigid tube, the delivery conduit may be a flexible hose. In another variation of this embodiment, both the outlet conduit and the delivery conduit may be a flexible hose.
If the pressure regulator were to be connected directly to the connector at the outlet connection of the liquified petroleum gas container, only a delivery conduit which may be a flexible hose is connected between the pressure regulator and the internal combustion engine for example to the carburetor thereof.
According to the principles of the present invention, there are three basic variations on the location of the pressure regulator in relation to the liquified petroleum gas bottle and the carburetor, or other gas input on the engine:
1. The pressure regulator is mounted on or very closely coupled to the connector attached to the outlet connection of the liquified petroleum gas bottle;
2. The pressure regulator is mounted on or closely coupled to the internal combustion engine, for example to the carburetor thereof; and,
3. The pressure regulator is line mounted between the internal combustion engine and the liquified petroleum gas bottle.
The selection of the use of flexible hoses between the pressure regulator and the internal combustion engine and/or between the pressure regulator and the liquified petroleum gas bottle for each variation as above set forth depends on the characteristics of the overall system and the vibration produced in the various components during the operation of the internal combustion engine.
In certain other applications of the principles of the present invention it has been found that the frequency of the vibration transmitted to the liquified petroleum gas bottle and/or the amplitude of the vibration may be to great so that there is a danger of damage to the various components and/or that the amount of heat transferred to the liquified petroleum gas is too great so that operation of the device may be adversely affected. To avoid such adverse effect on the operation, a vibration and/or heat limiting member may be incorporated into the structure to limit the vibration characteristics and limit the heat flow.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
The above and other embodiments of the present invention may be more fully understood from the following detailed description taken together with the accompanying drawing wherein similar reference characters refer to similar elements throughout and in which:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a semi-schematic sectional illustration of a Coleman Bottle useful in the practice of the present invention,
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of an LPG arrangement having three individual LPG containers connected together which is useful in the practice of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an exploded diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention showing the mounting of the internal combustion engine to the LPG container;
FIG. 4A is an exploded diagram of an alternate LPG container and mounting;
FIG. 5 is a partial sectional view of the LPG bottle of the present invention as installed in a structure according to the principles hereof;
FIG. 6 is a front view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention for an engine driven portable emergency electric power generator;
FIG. 7 is a left side view of the preferred embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a right side view of the preferred embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 6;
FIG. 9 is rear view of the preferred embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 6;
FIG. 10 illustrates an embodiment of the present invention as utilized in a trimmer;
FIG. 11 illustrates an embodiment of the present invention as utilized in a blower;
FIG. 12 is a block diagram of another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a block diagram of another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a block diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 15 illustrates an embodiment of the present invention incorporating a vibration and/or heat limiting member;
FIGS. 16, 17 and 18 illustrate another embodiment of the present invention incorporating a vibration and/or heat limiting member;
FIGS. 19 and 20 illustrate another embodiment of a vibration and/or heat limiting member;
FIG. 21 illustrates another embodiment of the present invention incorporating a vibration and/or heat limiting member;
FIG. 22 illustrates another embodiment of the present invention incorporating a vibration and/or heat limiting member;
FIG. 23 illustrates another embodiment of the present invention incorporating a vibration and/or heat limiting member; and,
FIG. 24 illustrates another embodiment of the present invention incorporating a vibration and/or heat limiting member.



DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring now to the drawing, and in particular FIGS. 1 and 2, there is illustrated in FIG. 1 a block diagram of a preferred embodiment, generally designated 10, of a portable gas powered internal combustion engine arrangement and in FIG. 2 there is illustrated a semi schematic representation of a preferred LPG container 12 as utilized in the embodiment 10. In the LPG container 12 shown in FIG. 2, which in preferred embodiments of the present invention is a Coleman Bottle or similar storage container, there is a liquefied gas under pressure indicated at 14 and also gas phase 16 as evaporated from the liquified gas 14. The gas 16 flows from the LPG container 12 through a conduit indicated at 18. Since the pressure of the gas 16 in the LPG container 12 is much greater than is desired for use in the embodiment 10, the gas flow through conduit 18 is directed to a pressure regulator 20. The pressure regulator 20 regulates the pressure of the gas 16 flowing therethrough to a value on the order of 0.217 psi to 0.365 psi which is the range of pressures that can be utilized for the internal combustion engine 22 as described below, though higher or lower pressures of the gas may be utilized as desired for particular applications.
The gas 16 may also be directed to flow from the conduit 18 through conduit 19 to an auxiliary gas powered device 21 such as an illumination device, cooking device or the like. Such devices are well known and in general have a built in pressure regulator or flow control to regulate the pressure or flow of the gas 16 to a value that compatible with the device 21.
The gas 16 flowing from the pressure regulator 20 is directed through a delivery conduit 23 into a carburetor 24 that is part of the internal combustion engine 22. The carburetor 24 has an air intake as indicated at 26. The carburetor 24 mixes the gas 16 with the air and provides the mixture to the cylinder 28 of the internal combustion engine 22 in a manner well known. The internal combustion engine 22 has a rotating output shaft 30. In the embodiment 10 the rotating output shaft drives an electric generator 32. The electric generator 32 provides electric energy as indicated at 34 and may be, for example in the power range of 300 to 1000 watts though larger power generators may be utilized in other applications. The electric energy may, if desired, be directed to provide 12 volt DC current as indicted at 36 or may be passed into an invertor 38 for conversion to 120 volts AC, 60 cycle as indicted at 40.
As noted above, the internal combustion engine 22 may be a four stroke, or two stroke with appropriate oil injection, air or liquid cooled engine, though in other applications a larger engine may utilized as desired. During the operation of the internal combustion engine 22, the combustion of the gas 16 and air mixture therein in the cylinder thereof generates heat and also vibrates the engine 22. As described below in greater detail, these two factors which are always occurring during the operation of an internal combustion engine are uniquely and advantageously utilized in the operation of the various embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 2 illustrates in schematic representation, a typical LPG container 12 such as a Coleman Bottle. The LPG container 12 may be of the type manufactured by various entities and may come in a variety of sizes. In general, such LPG containers are provided with a built in safety pressure relief valve 42 to allow the venting of the gas 16 in the event that the pressure thereof exceeds a predetermined value. In the embodiment 10 the LPG container 12 as shown schematically in FIG. 1 may be comprised of a plurality of individual LPG containers joined together to discharge gas 16 through a single outlet such as conduit 18. FIG. 3 schematically shows three LPG containers 12a, 12b and 12c joined together by a manifold 18′ to discharge gas 16 through the single conduit 18.
FIG. 4 illustrates an exploded view of the assembly of the LPG bottle 12 and the internal combustion engine 22. The carburetor 24 is mounted on the side of the cylinder 28 atop the crankcase 44. There is provided a spark plug 46 which provides the spark required to ignite the gas/air mixture that is received in the cylinder 28 from the carburetor 24 to drive the output shaft 30. An inertia or recoil type starter 48 is provided to start the operation of the internal combustion engine 22.
A front plate 50 is mounted on the crankcase 44 by bolts 52a, 52b, 52c and 52d. The front plate 50 is provided with a connector 56 that is adapted to engage the output connection 12′ of the LPG tank 12. A mounting bracket 58 is rigidly connected to the crankcase 44 of the internal combustion engine 22 and to the front plate 50 by bolts 60a, 60b, 60c and 60d to be in heat receiving and vibration receiving relationship to the internal combustion engine 22. The mounting bracket 58 has a strap 62 which is provided with an over center fastener 64 and the strap 62 is adapted to receive the LPG container 12 therein for snug retention in the cavity 66 when the over center fastener 64 is closed. As noted above, when the LPG container 12 is mounted in the cavity 66 the connector 56 of front plate 50 engages the output connection 12′ to allow the flow of gas 16 through the conduit 18 and/or 19.
Since there may be some variation in the size of LPG containers depending on the amount of LPG stored therein and the size desired by a particular manufacturer thereof, FIG. 4A shows an LPG container 12A that may be utilized in the embodiment 10 as shown in FIG. 4. An adapter 70 is provided which has a cavity 72 therein and the walls 72′ of the cavity 72 are adapted to provide a snug fit on the LPG container 12A. The outer walls 74 of the adapter 70 are substantially the same diameter as the outer diameter of the LPG tank 12 so that there is a tight fit in the cavity 66 of the mounting bracket 58.
The output shaft 30, in the embodiment 10 is, as described above in connection with FIG. 1, connected to the electric generator 32. However, as described below in connection with other embodiments of the present invention, the output shaft 30 may be connected to any desired type of device that requires a drive engine for operation.
FIG. 5 illustrates the mounting of the LPG tank 12 in preferred embodiments of the present invention. In FIG. 5, the arrow 74 represents the direction of gravity and the horizontal direction as indicated by the line 76 is perpendicular to the direction of gravity 74. As is well known, the latent heat of vaporization of the gas 16 from the liquified gas 14 tends to cool the liquified gas 14 and if too much gas 16 is produced, the liquified gas 14 will freeze to a solid state. Further, the gas 16 is evaporated from the surface 14′ of the liquified gas 14. Therefore, it is desired to tend to maximize the surface area of the liquefied gas 14 so that the maximum amount of gas 16 may be provided from a given size LPG container. However, the more gas 16 that is evaporated from the liquified gas 14, the greater is the chance that the liquified gas 14 will freeze to the solid state and thus end the evaporation of significant amounts of gas 16. In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5, the LPG container 12 is mounted at an angle A to the horizontal and the angle A has been found to be on the order of 12° to 16° with a preferred angle of 15° for the conventional Coleman Bottle LPG container and provides in the angular range that will prevent any liquified gas 14 from entering the conduit 18 even when the container 12 is full. The mounting plate 58 is preferably fabricated from a high heat transfer material such as aluminum so that the maximum amount of heat is transferred by conduction from the engine 22 through the mounting bracket 58 to the wall of the LPG container 12 and thus to the liquified gas 14 because of the direct rigid mounting of the mounting bracket 58 on the internal combustion engine 22. The heat thus transferred to the LPG container 58 from the engine 22 counteracts the latent heat of vaporization and tends to prevent the freezing of the liquified gas 14. Further, the vibration of the internal combustion engine 22 agitates the surface 14′ of the liquified gas 14 thereby increasing the surface area to an amount greater than would occur without the vibration. Such agitation increases the surface area 14′ of the liquified gas 14 and the conduction of heat to the liquified gas 14 tends to increase the amount of gas 16 that may be generated from the liquified gas 14 for a given size and configuration of the LPG. However, for LPG containers of a different configuration than the Coleman Bottles, a different angular relationship of the LPG container may be required to maximize the surface area of the liquified gas 14 but still prevent the discharge of liquid into the conduit 18 even when the LPG container is full. The use of conductive heat transfer from the engine 22 to the mounting bracket 50 also helps cool the internal combustion engine.
As noted above, in the embodiment 10 the output shaft 30 of the internal combustion engine 22 is connected to an electric generator 32. FIGS. 6 through 9 illustrate the configuration of an embodiment 10 that is small and convenient to carry. As shown on FIG. 6 which is a front view of the embodiment 10 there is a case 80, partially broken away for clarity, in which the internal combustion engine 22 and electric generator are contained. The recoil starter 44 is provided with a pull 44′ for operation thereof in a well known manner. As shown in FIG. 6 there is provided a handle 82, partially broken away, for convenient lifting and carrying of the embodiment 10. Feet 84 may be provided on the bottom portion 82′ of handle 82 for the support of the embodiment 10 on any desired surface.
As shown most clearly on FIG. 7, the output electrical energy generated by the electrical generator 32 is provided in both 120 volt AC at dual socket 90 and two 12 volt DC outlets as indicated at 92.
FIG. 10 illustrates an embodiment 100 of the present invention as utilized to power an trimmer 102. As shown on FIG. 10, there is provided an internal combustion engine 22 powered by gas from an LPG container 12 and the internal combustion engine 22 rotates an output shaft 30′ to rotate the trimmer. Thus, the internal combustion engine and LPG container replace the gasoline powered engine and gasoline tank often utilized in such applications.
FIG. 11 illustrates an embodiment 110 of the present invention in which an internal combustion engine 22 powered by the gas from an LPG container 12 drives a fan 112 to provide a leaf blower 114. In embodiment 110 the internal combustion engine 22 and LPG bottle 12 replace the gasoline powered internal combustion engine and gasoline storage tank often utilized in such applications.
In some applications of the principles of the present invention, it has been found that excessive vibration generated by some engines and/or usage of the device over long periods of time and/or the relative movement between the internal combustion engine and the LPG bottle may cause a crack or other damage to the liquified gas storage bottle due to relative movement between the liquified gas storage bottle and the internal combustion engine. As noted above, the front plate 50 of the embodiment 10 as shown on FIG. 4, is rigidly mounted on the internal combustion engine 22 and the front plate 50 has a connector 56 that engages the output connection 12′ of the liquified petroleum gas tank 12.
In order to eliminate the cracking or other damage to the LPG bottle 12 caused by the relative movement and the excessive vibration/long usage, the rigid mounting of the LPG tank 12 to the connector 56 on the front plate 50 may be eliminated and the LPG tank 12 may be rigidly supported, as described above, on the mounting plate 58.
FIG. 12 illustrates a block diagram of an embodiment 140 of this arrangement. As shown thereon, there is a liquified gas storage bottle 112 which may be the same as the LPG bottle 12 described above and is provided with an output connection 112′ similar to the outlet connection 12′ that engages a connector 156 which may be similar to the connector 56 described above. In the embodiment 100, the connector 156 is only connected to the outlet connection 112′ and is not mounted on any other structure. An outlet conduit 118 is connected to the connector 156 to direct the flow of gas away from the LPG bottle 112 to a pressure regulator 120 for ultimate use in an internal combustion engine 122. In the embodiment 140, pressure regulator 120 is mounted on the internal combustion engine 122. The outlet conduit 118 is a flexible hose such as metal flex hose, rubber hose, plastic reinforced hose or other material that will prevent damage from relevant movement between the LPG bottle 112′ and the internal combustion engine 122.
A delivery conduit 123 is connected between the pressure regulator 120 and the engine 122 to direct the flow of gas into the internal combustion engine 122 and may be fabricated from a rigid conduit or a flexible hose as desired for any particular application. The delivery conduit 123 may be a flexible hose or a rigid tube depending on the particular application. The flexible delivery conduit 123 and/or the outlet conduit 118 prevents damage due to relative movement between the LPG bottle 112 and the internal combustion engine 122.
In a variation of the embodiment 140, the pressure regulator 120 may be line mounted between the LPG bottle and the internal combustion engine 122. In such an arrangement either the outlet conduit 118 or the delivery conduit 123, or both, may be flexible hose and the other conduit may be a rigid tube as may be selected for particular applications. The flexible delivery conduit 123 and/or the flexible outlet conduit prevents damage due to relative movement between the LPG bottle 112 and the internal combustion engine 122.
In another embodiment of the present invention 160 shown in block diagram form on FIG. 13, the LPG bottle 112 has the output connector 112′ engaging the connector 156 and the pressure regulator 120 is connected to the connector 156 and is free of connection to other structure. In this embodiment 160, the delivery conduit 123 between the pressure regulator 120 and the internal combustion engine 122 is a flexible conduit such as the flexible conduit 118 described above. The flexible delivery conduit 123 prevents damage due to relative movement between the LPG bottle 112 and the internal combustion engine 122.
In another embodiment 180 of the present invention shown in FIG. 14, the pressure regulator is mounted on or closely coupled to the internal combustion engine 122, for example at the carburetor thereof, so that there is no relative movement between the pressure regulator 120 and the internal combustion engine 122 but the pressure regulator 120 is spaced from the liquified petroleum gas bottle 112. In this embodiment, the outlet conduit 118 is preferably a flexible hose. The flexible outlet conduit 118 prevents damage due to relative movement between the LPG bottle 112 and the internal combustion engine 122.
As noted above, in some applications of the present invention it has been found that the vibration induced by the engine on which the LPG gas bottle is mounted can cause damage to the various components of the structure of the present invention. In other applications of the present invention it has been found that the frequency and/or the amplitude of the vibration to which the LPG bottle is subject and/or the heat transmitted to the LPG bottle may become excessive and cause damage to the various components even though a flexible hose may be utilized in various arrangements of the components or may cause inconsistent operation of the device. The factors that result in such excessive vibration and/or heat may include, but are not limited to, the particular internal combustion engine and its design and configuration, the mounting arrangement for the various components of the device, the environment in which the device is utilized, the materials utilized in the various components and the mountings thereof, the loads imposed on the various components during use and the like. Therefore, in accordance with the principles of the present invention, the rigid mounting of the LPG bottle in heat and vibration receiving relationship to the internal combustion engine may incorporate a vibration and/or heat limiting member so that the frequency of the vibration transmitted to the LPG bottle and/or the amplitude of the vibration transmitted to the LPG bottle and/or the heat transmitted to the LPG bottle from the internal combustion engine is reduced or otherwise limited to a range wherein the possibility of potential damage will be reduced. Such vibration and/or heat limiting member may be utilized, if desired, with the various flexible hose arrangements described above.
Referring now to FIG. 15 there is illustrated an embodiment 200 of the present invention incorporating a vibration and/or heat limiting member 202 in the rigid mounting of a LPG bottle 13, which may be similar to the LPG bottle 12 described above, to a mounting bracket 58′ which may be similar to the mounting bracket 58 described above, to provide the LPG bottle 13 rigidly mounted in heat and vibration receiving relationship to an internal combustion engine 22′ which may be similar to the internal combustion engine 22 described above. The vibration and/or heat limiting member 202 has a pair of spaced apart wing portions 204 and 206. The wing portion 204 has a first end 204a and a second end 204b. The wing portion 206 has a first end 206a and a second end 206b. A center portion 208 is coupled to the wing portions 204 and 206 and is intermediate therebetween. The center portion 208 has a first end 208a that is spaced a first preselected distance from the first end 204a of wing portion 204 and first end 206a of wing portion 206 a first direction indicated by the arrow 210. The center portion 208 has a second end 208b which is spaced a second preselected distance from the second end 204b of wing portion 204 and second end 206b of wing portion 206 in a second direction indicated by the arrow 212 which is in an opposite direction to the first direction 210.
The first end 204a of wing portion 204 has an aperture 204a′ therethrough and the first end 206a of wing portion 206 has an aperture 206a′ therethrough and the second end 208b has an aperture 208b′ and bolts 214 are utilized to extend through the apertures 204a, 206a′ and 208b′ to connect to the vibration and/or heat limiting member 202 to the engine 22′.
The second end 208b of the intermediate member 208 has aperture 208b′ extending therethrough and the second end 204b of wing portion 204 has an aperture 204b′ therethrough and the second end 206b of wing portion 206 has an aperture 206b′ extending therethrough. The mounting bracket 58′ has apertures 58′a, 58′b and 58′c extending therethrough. Bolts or rivets 216 are utilized to extend through the apertures 58′a, 58′b and 58′c and the apertures 204b′, 206b′ and 208 a′ to connect the vibration and/or heat limiting member 202 to the mounting bracket 58′. The LPG bottle 13 may be rigidly mounted in the mounting bracket 58′ as described above in connection with the rigid mounting of the LPG bottle 12 to the mounting bracket 58 as shown in FIG. 4.
The vibration and/or heat limiting member 202 may be fabricated from a resilient, heat transferring material such as spring steel. As shown on FIG. 15, the engine 22′ transfers vibration and heat to the vibration and/or heat limiting member 202. Because of the resilient structure and the mounting arrangement of the vibration and/or heat limiting member 202 to the mounting bracket 58′, vibration amplitude of the LPG bottle is decreased and the vibration frequency transmitted by the vibration and/or heat limiting member to the mounting bracket 58′ is attenuated. Further, because of the limited conductive heat transfer path from the vibration and/or heat limiting member to the mounting bracket 58′ and thus to the LPG bottle 13 that is rigidly mounted in the mounting bracket 58′ the amount of heat so transferred is reduced.
FIG. 16 illustrates another embodiment generally designated 220 of the present invention which incorporates a vibration and/or heat limiting member 222 to limit the vibration frequency and amplitude and heat transmitted from the engine 22′ to the mounting bracket 58′ and thus to the LPG bottle 13 which is rigidly mounted in the mounting bracket 58′. In the embodiment 220, the vibration and/or heat limiting member 222 is comprised of three separate mounting portions 224a, 224b and 224c which, if desired, may be of the same construction or, alternatively, as described below, of a different construction. FIGS. 17 and 18 illustrate details of the mounting portion 224a, 224b and 224c. As shown, each of the portions 224a, 224b and 224c have a top plate 226 and a spaced apart bottom plate 228 both of which are fabricated of a heat transmitting material such as steel, aluminum, or the like. A round resilient pad 230 which may be an elastomeric or rubber material is bonded to the top plate 226 and the bottom plate 228. The resilient pad 230 is resiliently deformable to allow the top plate 226 and bottom plate to move towards and away from each other in a controlled rate determined by the preselected resiliency of the pad 230. As shown on FIGS. 17 and 18 a heat transmitting coil 232 such as metal may be wrapped around the resilient pad 230 ands in contact with the top plate 226 and bottom plate 228 to transfer heat from the top plate 226 to the bottom plate 228. The heat transmitting coil 232 is omitted from FIGS. 16 and 17 for clarity. The top plates 226 have an aperture 234 therethrough to allow a bolt or other fastener to connect the mounting portions 224a, 224b and 224c to the internal combustion engine 22′ in the manner as shown on FIG. 15 and as described above. Similarly, the bottom plates 228 have an aperture 236 therethrough to allow connection to the mounting bracket 58′ in the manner as shown on FIG. 15 and as described above to the apertures 240 in the mounting bracket 58′. The resilient action of the elastomeric pads 230 attenuate the vibration transmitted from the internal combustion engine 22′ to the mounting bracket 58. Such attenuation of the vibration reduces the frequency and decreases the amplitude of the vibration transmitted to the LPG bottle 13 which is rigidly mounted on the mounting bracket 58′ as described above. The limited size of the coil 232 reduces the heat transmitted to the LPG bottle 13.
FIGS. 19 and 20 illustrate a modified form of a vibration and/or heat limiting member 240 which is generally similar to the mounting portions 224a, 224b and 224c, and has a top plate 226 and a spaced apart bottom plate 228 and a square resilient pad 242 therebetween which may be rubber or elastomeric material such as the round resilient pad 230 described above. A heat transmitting coil of metal 244 is embedded in the resilient pad 242 and is in contact with the top plate 226 and bottom plate 228 to transmit heat from the top plate 226 to the bottom plate 228.
FIGS. 21, 22, 23 and 24 illustrate another embodiment generally designated 250 of the present invention. As shown on FIG. 21, there is an internal combustion engine 22′ and a tubular frame 252 rigidly mounted on the internal combustion engine 22′ in vibration and heat receiving relationship thereto. A mounting bracket 58′′, which is generally similar to the mounting brackets 58 and 58′ described above is connected to the frame 252 at three locations indicated at 254a, 254b and 254c. A LPG bottle 13 is rigidly mounted in the mounting bracket 58′′ for receiving heat and vibration therefrom. A resilient pad 256 which may be rubber or elastomeric material is between the mounting bracket 58′′ and the frame and attenuates the frequency of the vibration transmitted to the mounting bracket 58′′ to reduce the frequency and decrease the amplitude of the vibration transmitted to the mounting bracket 58′′ and thus to the LPG bottle.
FIGS. 22, 23 and 24 illustrate several different embodiments of a vibration and/or heat limiting member for connection of the mounting bracket 58′′ to the tubular frame 252 to allow the transmitting of vibration and heat from the frame 252 to the mounting bracket 58′′ and to the LPG bottle 13 which is rigidly connected to the mounting bracket 58′′ by, for example, an over center snap/strap 260 similar to the strap/snap 60/62 described above in connection with FIG. 4.
In FIG. 22 there is shown a vibration and/or heat limiting member arrangement 261. As shown thereon, there is a heat transmitting metal blind “pop” rivet 262 which extends through the mounting bracket 58′′, through the pad 256 and engages the inside surface 252a of the tubular frame 252 to allow the transmitting of heat from the frame 252 to the to the mounting bracket 58′′.
In FIG. 23 there is shown a vibration and/or heat limiting member arrangement 263 which may advantageously utilized for the condition of the tubular frame 252 having a comparatively thin wall. As shown thereon, there is a heat transmitting metal threaded insert 270 which is installed permanently in the tubular frame 252. A threaded mounting screw 272 extends through the mounting bracket 58′′, through the pad 256 and threadingly engages the insert 270 to allow the transmitting of heat from the frame 252 to the to the mounting bracket 58′′.
In FIG. 24 there is shown a vibration and/or heat limiting member arrangement 265 which may be advantageously utilized for the condition of the tubular frame 252 having a comparatively thick wall. As shown thereon, the tubular frame 252 is threaded as indicated at 274. A mounting bolt 276 threadingly engages the tubular frame at the threads 274 and extends through the mounting bracket 58′′, through the pad 256 to allow the transmitting of heat from the frame 252 to the mounting bracket 58′′.
In each of the embodiments 200, 220 and 250, a flexible tubing, such as shown at 280 on FIG. 21 may be utilized for connecting the various components of the arrangements in the manner as generally illustrated in, for example, FIGS. 12, 13 and 14.
As described above, there is provided by the present invention a convenient and safe internal combustion engine driven by the gas generated from the liquefied gas in an LPG container and in which the amount of gas to be drawn from the liquefied gas in the LPG is maximized by having the LPG container rigidly connected to the internal combustion engine for both direct conductive heat transfer from the internal combustion engine to the LPG to overcome the cooling due to the latent heat of evaporation of the liquefied gas and to have the internal combustion engine vibrate the LPG container to increase the effective surface area of the liquefied gas. The liquefied gas may be, for example, propane, butane or the like as packaged by many manufactures in various shapes and sizes of LPG containers. Several of the preferred embodiments of the present invention described herein utilize a flexible hose to connect various components such as the pressure regulator to the liquified petroleum gas bottle and/or the pressure regulator to the internal combustion engine and/or the outlet of the LPG bottle depending upon the particular application, so as to prevent damage to the components due to relative movement therebetween caused by operation of the internal combustion engine or other factors. Further, in several other embodiments of the present invention a vibration and/or heat limiting member may be incorporated into the mounting structure to attenuate the frequency of the vibration and/or to limit the amplitude of the vibration and/or to limit the amount of heat transmitted to the rigidly connected LPG bottle.
Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the various Figures of the drawing, it should be understood that such embodiments are by way of example only and merely illustrative of but a small number of the many possible specific embodiments which can represent applications of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications obvious to one skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains are deemed to be within the spirit, scope and contemplation of the present invention as further defined in the appended claims. Accordingly, those skilled in this art will appreciate that the embodiments discussed above are exemplary of the present invention and they are not, however, intended to limit the scope of the claims herein. Many other substances and techniques, different from those discussed above, can be used as equivalents of the structural components disclosed to provide an equivalent function.

## Claims

1. A gas powered internal combustion engine drive arrangement comprising, in combination:
a liquified gas storage bottle arrangement having liquified gas therein, and an outlet connection to allow the flow of gas generated from said liquified gas therethrough;
an outlet conduit having a first end connected to said outlet connection of said liquified gas storage bottle arrangement to allow the flow of gas therethrough, and a second end;
an internal combustion engine having an operating condition and a non-operating condition, and rotating an output shaft in said operating condition, said internal combustion engine generating heat and vibration in said operating condition thereof, said second end of said outlet conduit connected to said internal combustion engine for transmitting gas thereto;
a liquified gas storage bottle mounting arrangement for mounting said liquified gas storage bottle arrangement rigidly in heat and vibration receiving relationship to said internal combustion engine,
whereby said heat and vibration agitates and heats said liquified gas stored in said liquified gas storage bottle arrangement; and,
said mounting arrangement further comprising a vibration and/or heat limiting member for controlling at least one of the amplitude of the vibration, the frequency of the vibration and the amount of heat transmitted to said liquified gas storage bottle arrangement.

2. The arrangement defined in claim 1 and further comprising:
a mounting bracket;
said vibration and/or heat limiting member coupled to said internal combustion engine and to said mounting bracket and said vibration and/or heat limiting member transmitting heat and vibration from said internal combustion engine to said mounting bracket;
said liquified gas storage bottle rigidly mounted on said mounting bracket for receiving heat and said vibration therefrom.

3. The arrangement defined in claim 2 wherein:
said vibration and/or heat limiting member reduces the frequency of the vibration transmitted from said internal combustion engine to said mounting bracket.

4. The arrangement defined in claim 2 wherein:
said vibration and/or heat limiting member reduces the magnitude of the amplitude of the vibration transmitted from said internal combustion engine to said mounting bracket.

5. The arrangement defined in claim 2 wherein:
said vibration and/or heat limiting member reduces the frequency of the vibration transmitted from said internal combustion engine to said mounting bracket and reduces the magnitude of the amplitude of the vibration transmitted from said internal combustion engine to said mounting bracket.

6. The arrangement defined in claim 2 wherein:
said vibration and/or heat limiting member reduces the amount of heat transmitted from said internal combustion engine to said mounting bracket.

7. The arrangement defined in claim 6 wherein:
said vibration and/or heat limiting member reduces the frequency of the vibration transmitted from said internal combustion engine to said mounting bracket and reduces the magnitude of the amplitude of the vibration transmitted from said internal combustion engine to said mounting bracket.

8. The arrangement defined in claim 7 wherein:
said mounting bracket having an arcuate internal surface with a preselected curvature thereof to define a cavity;
said liquified gas storage bottle having a cylindrical external surface having a preselected diameter and said cylindrical outer surface of said liquified gas storage bottle having substantially the same curvature of said preselected curvature of said arcuate internal surface of said mounting bracket;
said liquified gas storage bottle rigidly and removably mounted in said cavity of said mounting bracket and said arcuate interior surface of said mounting bracket in conductive heat transfer contact with said cylindrical outer surface of said liquified gas storage bottle for said liquified gas storage bottle receiving heat and vibration from said mounting bracket for agitating and heating said liquified gas stored in said liquified gas storage bottle to increase the generation of gas phase therefrom, and said liquified gas storage bottle having an outlet connection.

9. The arrangement defined in claim 8 wherein:
said contact between said arcuate internal surface of said mounting bracket with said cylindrical outer surface of said liquified gas storage bottle is substantially continuous throughout the extent of said arcuate interior surface of said mounting bracket.

10. The arrangement defined in claim 9 and further comprising:
a connector connected to said outlet connection of said liquified gas storage bottle for receiving said gas phase therefrom;
an outlet conduit having a first end connected to said connector for receiving said gas phase from said connector, and a second end;
a pressure regulator for delivering gas phase to said internal combustion engine, and said second end of said outlet conduit connected to said pressure regulator for delivering gas phase to said pressure regulator;
said outlet conduit comprising a flexible hose;
whereby said internal combustion engine receives said gas phase for operation thereof from said pressure regulator and said internal combustion engine generates said heat and said vibration for transmitting said heat and vibration to said vibration and/or heat limiting member for the condition of said internal combustion engine operating.