I 

113TH CONGRESS 

1ST SESSION H. R. 951 

To promote the economic self-sufficiency of low-income women through their 

increased participation in high-wage, high-demand occupations where they 

currently represent 25 percent or less of the workforce. 

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 

MARCH 5, 2013 

Mr. POLIS (for himself, Ms. DELAURO, Mr. CONYERS, Ms. DEGETTE, Mr. 

GRIJALVA, Ms. MOORE, Ms. NORTON, Mr. LANGEVIN, Ms. WASSERMAN

SCHULTZ, Ms. BROWN of Florida, Mr. SIRES, Mr. BLUMENAUER, Ms. 

ROYBAL-ALLARD, Mr. LEWIS, Ms. WILSON of Florida, Mr. HASTINGS of 

Florida, Ms. SLAUGHTER, Mr. ELLISON, Mr. GARAMENDI, Mr. 

CICILLINE, Mr. MORAN, and Ms. WATERS) introduced the following bill; 

which was referred to the Committee on Education and the Workforce 

A BILL 

To promote the economic self-sufficiency of low-income 

women through their increased participation in highwage, high-demand occupations where they currently represent 25 percent or less of the workforce. 

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 

4 This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Women and Workforce 

5 Investment for Nontraditional Jobs’’ or ‘‘Women WIN 

6 Jobs’’. 


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1 SEC. 2. FINDINGS. 

2 Congress finds the following: 

3 (1) According to the Council of Economic Advi4 sors, ‘‘occupations requiring higher educational at5 tainment are projected to grow much faster than 

6 those with lower education requirements between 

7 2006 and 2016, with the fastest growth among occu8 pations that require an associate’s degree or a post9 secondary vocational award.’’ Some of the occupa10 tions cited in the report include electricians, plumb11 ers, aircraft mechanics and service technicians, elec12 trical power line installers and repairers, and envi13 ronmental engineering technicians, all of which are 

14 nontraditional occupations for women, as defined 

15 under the Carl T. Perkins Career and Technical 

16 Education Act of 2006. 

17 (2) Only 6.2 percent of employed women 

18 worked in nontraditional occupations in 2008. 

19 (3) More than one-half of all working women 

20 are clustered in 25 of 504 job categories tracked by 

21 the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Excluding teachers 

22 and nurses, most of these categories are among the 

23 lowest-paid occupations. In general, women working 

24 in nontraditional fields earn 20 to 30 percent more 

25 than women in traditionally female fields. 


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1 (4) The National Association of Manufacturers 

2 estimates a need for 10 million new workers by 2020 

3 due to the aging of the current workforce. Moreover, 

4 90 percent of manufacturers are experiencing a 

5 shortage of qualified employees including machinists, 

6 operators, craft workers, distributors, and techni7 cians. Women hold only 4.7 percent of welding, sol8 dering, and brazing jobs. 

9 (5) Women make up 73.7 percent of cashiers, 

10 whose hourly wage averages $9.52, but only 0.4 per11 cent of electrical power-line installers and repairers, 

12 who earn an average hourly wage of $27.65, and 

13 only 7.5 percent of telecommunications line installers 

14 and repairers, who earn an average hourly wage of 

15 $24.08. 

16 (6) Women comprise 71.1 percent of wait staff, 

17 whose hourly wage averages $9.99, but only 0.6 per18 cent of HVAC mechanics and installers, who make 

19 an average hourly wage of $21.57. 

20 (7) Women make up 94.7 percent of child care 

21 workers, whose hourly wage averages $10.15, but 

22 only 1.5 percent of electricians, who make an aver23 age hourly wage of $24.91. 

24 (8) Women comprise 92.7 percent of reception25 ists and information clerks, whose hourly wage averVerDate Mar 15 2010 21:58 Mar 06, 2013 Jkt 029200 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H951.IH H951

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1 ages $12.63, but only 10.9 percent of surveying and 

2 mapping technicians who make an average hourly 

3 wage of $19.41. 

4 (9) Women make up 84.2 percent of office 

5 clerks, whose hourly wage averages $13.58, but only 

6 11 percent of computer, ATM, and office machine 

7 repairers, who make an average hourly wage of 

8 $18.79, and only 2.3 percent of aircraft mechanics 

9 who earn an average hourly wage of $25.62. 

10 (10) Girls comprise only 15 percent of students 

11 enrolled in high school courses leading to nontradi12 tional occupations. This proportion has stayed rel13 atively constant for the past 30 years. 

14 (11) An independent study conducted in 2001 

15 found that when programs, such as those under the 

16 Women in Apprenticeship and Nontraditional Occu17 pations (WANTO) Act of 1992, were implemented 

18 in an area, local women were 25 percent more likely 

19 to hold a nontraditional job and were more likely to 

20 hold these jobs years after the intervention. 

21 (12) More than half of the individuals receiving 

22 training services under the Workforce Investment 

23 Act are women. However, males who complete train24 ing are 11 times more likely to be employed in the 

25 occupational category farming, fishing, forestry, conVerDate Mar 15 2010 21:58 Mar 06, 2013 Jkt 029200 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H951.IH H951

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1 struction and extraction and 7 times more likely in 

2 the area installation, repair, production, transpor3 tation, and material moving. In 2009, earnings of fe4 males who completed training were 24 percent lower 

5 than the earnings of males in the first quarter after 

6 completing the training. 

7 SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS. 

8 In this Act— 

9 (1) the term ‘‘designated region’’ has the mean10 ing given such term in section 116(c)(5)(A) of the 

11 Workforce Investment Act of 1998 (29 U.S.C. 

12 2831(c)(5(A)); 

13 (2) the term ‘‘eligible entity’’ means a partner14 ship— 

15 (A) among— 

16 (i) a community-based organization 

17 experienced in serving women; 

18 (ii) 1 or more employers or a business 

19 association; 

20 (iii) a registered apprenticeship pro21 gram if available in a designated region; 

22 and 

23 (iv) a public postsecondary education 

24 institution; and 


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1 (B) in addition to the required partners 

2 described in subparagraph (A), that may in3 clude business and trade associations, labor 

4 unions, high schools, and workforce and eco5 nomic development agencies; 

6 (3) the term ‘‘self-sufficiency standard’’ means 

7 a measure of how much income families need to 

8 cover their basic costs without subsidies, as deter9 mined or recognized by the State for an applicable 

10 local area using a consistent methodology that cal11 culates the costs of living and working (including 

12 taxes) based upon sub-State geographic location and 

13 family size and composition; 

14 (4) the term ‘‘non-traditional occupations’’ 

15 means those occupations in which women make up 

16 less than 25 percent of the workforce (as defined in 

17 section 3 of the Carl D. Perkins Career and Tech18 nical Education Act of 2006 (20 U.S.C. 2302)); 

19 (5) the term ‘‘public postsecondary education 

20 institution’’ means— 

21 (A) a junior or community college, as de22 fined in section 312(f) of the Higher Education 

23 Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1058(f)); or 

24 (B) an area technical school, as defined in 

25 section 3 of the Carl D. Perkins Career and 


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1 Technical Education Act of 2006 (20 U.S.C. 

2 2302); 

3 (6) the term ‘‘registered apprenticeship pro4 gram’’ means a program registered under the Act of 

5 August 16, 1937 (commonly known as the ‘‘National 

6 Apprenticeship Act’’ (29 U.S.C. 50 note)); and 

7 (7) the term ‘‘State’’ has the meaning given 

8 such term in section 3 of the of the Carl D. Perkins 

9 Career and Technical Education Act of 2006 (20 

10 U.S.C. 2302). 

11 SEC. 4. GRANTS TO STATES. 

12 (a) ALLOCATION OF FUNDS.— 

13 (1) IN GENERAL.—In any fiscal year in which 

14 the total amount appropriated under section 11 ex15 ceeds $50,000,000, the Secretary of Labor shall, 

16 from the amount appropriated under section 11 to 

17 carry out this section, allocate funds to States using 

18 a formula based on each State’s share of the na19 tional population of women from families with an in20 come of less than 200 percent of the poverty thresh21 old, according to the most recent data available by 

22 the Bureau of the Census. 

23 (2) REALLOCATION.—If a State does not re24 ceive funds under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall 

25 reallocate such funds to other States in the same 


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1 proportion funds are allocated under such para2 graph. 

3 (b) SUBMISSION OF STATE PLAN.— 

4 (1) IN GENERAL.—In order to receive an alloca5 tion of funds under subsection (a), the Governor of 

6 a State shall submit a State Plan that describes how 

7 the State plans to— 

8 (A) distribute such funds to eligible enti9 ties located in the State to increase women’s 

10 participation in high-wage, high-demand occu11 pations in which women are currently underrep12 resented in the State’s workforce in accordance 

13 with section 5; and 

14 (B) use such funds to carry out the state15 wide activities described in subsection (c). 

16 (2) ADMINISTRATION OF STATE PLAN.—The 

17 State Plan described in paragraph (1) shall be ad18 ministered by a State workforce development board 

19 (as referred to in the Workforce Investment Act of 

20 1998 (29 U.S.C. 2801 et seq.)), in consultation with 

21 a State entity (as defined in section 118(c) of the 

22 Carl D. Perkins Career Technical Education Act of 

23 2006 (20 U.S.C. 2328)). 


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1 (3) REVIEW OF PLAN.—The Secretary of Labor 

2 shall review each State plan submitted pursuant to 

3 this subsection within 60 days of receipt. 

4 (c) USE OF FUNDS.—The designated State entity 

5 may reserve not more than 15 percent of the grant for 

6 statewide activities to— 

7 (1) provide technical assistance to eligible enti8 ties receiving funding under this Act and to State 

9 registered apprenticeship programs and sponsors 

10 and joint apprenticeship training councils on meet11 ing their enrollment goal for women in nontradi12 tional occupations; 

13 (2) develop institutional and cross-agency poli14 cies and protocols such as memoranda of under15 standing that set goals for the hiring of specific per16 centages of women served under this Act into reg17 istered apprenticeships and permanent employment 

18 openings in publicly assisted projects; 

19 (3) engage in public education and outreach ac20 tivities, to overcome stereotypes about women in 

21 nontraditional occupations, including the develop22 ment of educational and marketing materials; and 

23 (4) provide training and technical assistance to 

24 overcome gender inequity among employers, reg25 istered apprenticeship programs, and State equal 


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1 employment opportunity and affirmative action 

2 agencies. 

3 SEC. 5. STATE GRANTS TO PARTNERSHIPS. 

4 (a) IN GENERAL.— 

5 (1) ALLOCATIONS AUTHORIZED.—A State re6 ceiving funds under section 4 shall allocate the funds 

7 not reserved to carry out the statewide activities de8 scribed in section 4(c) to eligible entities in the State 

9 to support the recruitment, training, placement, and 

10 retention of women in nontraditional occupations. 

11 (2) ALLOCATION DURATION.—An allocation 

12 under this section to an eligible entity shall be made 

13 for not more than 2 years with the possibility of a 

14 multi-year renewal upon submission of a renewal ap15 plication containing information— 

16 (A) about the effectiveness of the services 

17 and activities provided under subsection (d)(1) 

18 using the funds made available under the first 

19 allocation; and 

20 (B) any such additional information as the 

21 Secretary may require. 

22 (3) ALLOCATION AMOUNT.—An allocation 

23 under this section to an eligible entity shall be of 

24 sufficient size and scope to support the effective imVerDate Mar 15 2010 21:58 Mar 06, 2013 Jkt 029200 PO 00000 Frm 00010 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H951.IH H951

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1 plementation of the services and activities described 

2 in subsection (d)(1). 

3 (b) APPLICATION PROCESS.—An eligible entity that 

4 desires to receive funds under this section shall submit an 

5 application to the designated State agency. Such applica6 tion shall provide a plan detailing the roles and respon7 sibilities of partnership members and how funds will be 

8 used in conjunction with funding from other public or pri9 vate sources to carry out the activities described in sub10 section (d). 

11 (c) PRIORITIES.—In allocating funds under this sec12 tion, a State agency shall give priority to eligible entities 

13 that— 

14 (1) include entities with demonstrated success 

15 in recruiting and preparing low-income women for 

16 nontraditional occupations, and local workforce 

17 boards established under the Workforce Investment 

18 Act; or 

19 (2) leverage additional public and private re20 sources to fund training programs, including cash or 

21 in-kind matches from employers. 

22 (d) USE OF FUNDS.— 

23 (1) SERVICES AND ACTIVITIES.—An eligible en24 tity receiving funds under this section shall— 


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1 (A) conduct public education and outreach 

2 designed to overcome stereotypes and develop 

3 family support and encouragement; 

4 (B) recruit low-income women for careers 

5 in nontraditional occupations and provide com6 prehensive career guidance and counseling, in7 cluding regional labor market information and 

8 projections about nontraditional jobs and salary 

9 information; 

10 (C) conduct individual assessments and 

11 employment counseling, including instruction on 

12 the use of online job search databases; 

13 (D) assist low-income women to access 

14 programs leading to a degree, industry recog15 nized certificate or credential, and apprentice16 ship programs that will prepare them for high17 demand, high-skill occupations, including pro18 viding information about— 

19 (i) the quality and cost of the pro20 grams; 

21 (ii) available financial aid; and 

22 (iii) the use of self-sufficiency calcula23 tors where available; 

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1 tivities including basic skills, education, literacy, 

2 including financial literacy, and training; 

3 (F) coordinate with public secondary edu4 cation institutions to improve the transition of 

5 participants into— 

6 (i) an institution of higher education 

7 (as defined in section 101 of the Higher 

8 Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001)); 

9 (ii) a program of study (as described 

10 in section 122(c)(1)(A) of the Carl D. Per11 kins Career and Technical Education Act 

12 of 2006 (20 U.S.C. 2342(c)(1)(A))); or 

13 (iii) a registered apprenticeship pro14 gram; 

15 (G) engage in necessary activities for the 

16 recruitment, preparation, placement, and reten17 tion of participants in registered apprentice18 ships, and postsecondary training programs, 

19 and permanent employment; 

20 (H) provide access to pre- and post-place21 ment supportive services such as child care, 

22 transportation, tools, application fees, dues, 

23 needs-based payments or stipends, and 

24 mentorships as may be necessary to complete 

25 training and retain employment; 


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1 (I) develop or obtain curricula, handbooks, 

2 tools and equipment; 

3 (J) build capacity through staff training, 

4 organizational development and technology up5 grades; 

6 (K) engage in activities requested by the 

7 national clearinghouse established pursuant to 

8 section 9; 

9 (L) develop incentives for employers and 

10 sponsors of registered apprenticeship program 

11 to retain women in nontraditional occupations 

12 for more than 6 months; 

13 (M) provide technical assistance to employ14 ers on how to create a safe and healthy work15 place environment designed to retain and ad16 vance women, including best practices for ad17 dressing sexual harassment; 

18 (N) provide post-placement assistance to 

19 participants in order to promote employment 

20 retention, including exit interviews, mentoring, 

21 networking and leadership development for 

22 women employed in the field; and 

23 (O) develop and collect data, consistent 

24 with the requirements of the Workforce Invest25 ment Act of 1998, to track women by race, ethVerDate Mar 15 2010 21:58 Mar 06, 2013 Jkt 029200 PO 00000 Frm 00014 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H951.IH H951

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1 nicity, and age throughout the process and es2 tablish benchmarks such as numbers contacted 

3 through outreach, placement into training and 

4 completion rates, and employment outcomes, in5 cluding earnings progression. 

6 (2) TARGET PARTICIPANTS.—In providing serv7 ices and activities described in paragraph (1), eligi8 ble entities shall target women with family incomes 

9 below the local self-sufficiency standard, when avail10 able, or women in families with income of less than 

11 200 percent of the poverty threshold (as determined 

12 by the Bureau of the Census). 

13 (e) SUPPLEMENT, NOT SUPPLANT.—Funds provided 

14 under this section shall supplement and not supplant other 

15 Federal, State, or local funds that would, in the absence 

16 of funds provided under this section, be available for the 

17 purposes described in this section. 

18 SEC. 6. ALLOCATIONS TO ELIGIBLE ENTITIES. 

19 (a) ALLOCATIONS.— 

20 (1) IN GENERAL.—In any year in which the 

21 total amount appropriated under section 11 is an 

22 amount less than $50,000,000, the Secretary of 

23 Labor shall, from the amount appropriated under 

24 section 11 to carry out this section, allocate funds 

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1 ing, placement, and retention of women in nontradi2 tional occupations. 

3 (2) ALLOCATION DURATION.—An allocation 

4 under this section shall be made to an eligible entity 

5 for not more than 2 years with the possibility of 

6 multi-year renewals upon submission of a renewal 

7 application containing information— 

8 (A) about the effectiveness of the services 

9 and activities provided under section (5)(d)(1) 

10 using the funds made available under the first 

11 allocation; and 

12 (B) any such additional information as the 

13 Secretary may require. 

14 (3) ALLOCATION AMOUNT.—An allocation 

15 under this section to an eligible entity shall be of 

16 sufficient size and scope to support the effective im17 plementation of the services and activities described 

18 in subsection (d). 

19 (b) APPLICATION.—An eligible entity desiring to re20 ceive an allocation under this section shall submit an ap21 plication to the Secretary of Labor at such time, in such 

22 manner, and containing such information as the Secretary 

23 may require. An application shall provide a plan detailing 

24 the roles and responsibilities of partnership members and 

25 how funds will be used in conjunction with funding from 


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1 other public or private sources to carry out the services 

2 and activities described in subsection (d). 

3 (c) PRIORITY.—In awarding grants under this sec4 tion, the Secretary of Labor shall give priority to eligible 

5 entities that— 

6 (1) include entities with demonstrated success 

7 in recruiting and preparing low-income women for 

8 nontraditional occupations, and local workforce 

9 boards created under the Workforce Investment Act; 

10 or 

11 (2) leverage additional public and private re12 sources to fund training programs, including cash or 

13 in-kind matches from participating employers. 

14 (d) USES OF FUNDS.—An eligible entity receiving 

15 funds under this section shall uses such funds to carry 

16 out the services and activities described in section 5(d). 

17 (e) SUPPLEMENT, NOT SUPPLANT.—Funds provided 

18 under this section shall supplement and not supplant other 

19 Federal, State, or local funds that would, in the absence 

20 of funds provided under this section, be available for the 

21 purposes described in this section. 


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1 SEC. 7. NATIONAL COMMISSION ON THE STATUS OF 

2 WOMEN IN HIGH–DEMAND AND HIGH–WAGE 

3 NONTRADITIONAL OCCUPATIONS. 

4 (a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Labor, in con5 sultation with the Secretary of Education, shall convene 

6 a national commission (in this section referred to as the 

7 ‘‘Commission’’) for the purpose of examining and making 

8 recommendations for improving the status of women in 

9 high-demand, high-wage nontraditional occupations. 

10 (b) MEMBERSHIP.—The Commission shall include 30 

11 members, of which 15 members shall be appointed by the 

12 President, 5 members by the Speaker and 3 members by 

13 the minority leader of the House of Representatives, and 

14 4 members by the majority leader and 3 members by the 

15 minority leader of the Senate. Members shall include rep16 resentatives from— 

17 (1) business or trade associations in industries 

18 with high-wage, high-demand nontraditional occupa19 tions and sponsors of registered apprenticeship pro20 gram; 

21 (2) women’s organizations and other nonprofit 

22 organizations serving low-income women; 

23 (3) labor unions and labor-management organi24 zations; 

25 (4) high school and public postsecondary edu26 cation institutions; 


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1 (5) State workforce and economic development 

2 agencies or agencies responsible for the Workforce 

3 Investment Act and the Carl D. Perkins Career and 

4 Technical Education Act; and 

5 (6) academics, researchers, and other stake6 holders. 

7 A minimum of 10 members must have demonstrated expe8 rience in serving low-income women. 

9 (c) DUTIES.—The duties of the Commission shall be 

10 to— 

11 (1) develop a 5-year plan to encourage the full 

12 participation of women in high-wage, high-demand 

13 nontraditional occupations; 

14 (2) hold hearings on the national and regional 

15 levels on the goal of ending gender segregation in oc16 cupations, particularly the underrepresentation of 

17 women in high-demand, high-wage occupations; 

18 (3) recommend policies and programs, including 

19 the establishment of sanctions and bonuses for Fed20 eral contractors in designated sectors and the use of 

21 on-site equal opportunity monitors on all large feder22 ally funded projects; and 

23 (4) submit its progress report and policy rec24 ommendations to Congress and related Federal 


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1 agencies not later than 1 year after the Commission 

2 is convened and every 2 years thereafter. 

3 SEC. 8. DATA COLLECTION AND REPORTING. 

4 The Bureau of Labor Statistics shall collect data on 

5 the status of women’s participation in underrepresented 

6 sectors of the economy and shall examine the status of 

7 women in relation to that of men. Such data shall in8 clude— 

9 (1) the gender, race, age of participants, includ10 ing cross tabulations of those three; 

11 (2) occupation; 

12 (3) geography; 

13 (4) advancement salary; 

14 (5) pay equity within categories within occupa15 tions; and 

16 (6) assignment disparity measured as through 

17 income and hours worked. 

18 The Bureau shall collect such information on an annual 

19 basis and submit it to relevant Federal agencies (including 

20 the Departments of Labor, Education, Commerce, the 

21 commission established under section 6, and to Congress. 

22 The Bureau shall also make such information available to 

23 the public on the Bureau’s Web site. 


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1 SEC. 9. NATIONAL CLEARINGHOUSE. 

2 The Secretary of Labor, in consultation with the Sec3 retary of Education, shall establish a national clearing4 house to collect and distribute best practices. The clearing5 house shall— 

6 (1) convene national and regional meetings and 

7 conferences to bring together stakeholders at all lev8 els; 

9 (2) collect and disseminate best practices of col10 laborative models for the recruitment, preparation, 

11 placement and retention of women in nontraditional 

12 employment; 

13 (3) provide legal, policy and technical assistance 

14 in order to sustain and advance the promotion, em15 ployment and retention of women in high-wage, 

16 high-demand nontraditional occupations; and 

17 (4) develop and conduct a national training pro18 gram, including through distance learning, for staff, 

19 partners and board members of grantees and sub20 grantees. 

21 SEC. 10. EVALUATION. 

22 (a) EVALUATION.—Beginning 2 years after the date 

23 of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall conduct 

24 an independent, comprehensive, and scientifically sound 

25 evaluation, by grant or contract and using the highest 

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1 ties carried out under this Act in promoting the economic 

2 self-sufficiency of low-income women through their in3 creased participation in high-wage, high-demand occupa4 tions where they currently represent 25 percent or less of 

5 the workforce. 

6 (b) REPORT.—Not later than 4 years after the date 

7 of the enactment of this Act, and biannually thereafter, 

8 the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report on the 

9 results of the evaluation described in subsection (a). 

10 SEC. 11. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 

11 There are authorized to be appropriated 

12 $100,000,000 to the Secretary of Labor to carry out this 

13 Act, of which a minimum of $3,000,000 is authorized to 

14 be used to carry out sections 8 and 9. 

Æ 


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