Filed 9/22/22 P. v. Achterberg CA2/6

NOT TO BE PUBLISHED IN THE OFFICIAL REPORTS

California Rules of Court, rule 8.1115(a), prohibits courts and parties from citing or relying on opinions not certified for publication or ordered published, except as specified by rule 8.1115(b). This opinion has not been certified for publication or ordered published for purposes of rule 8.1115.

IN THE COURT OF APPEAL OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA

SECOND APPELLATE DISTRICT

DIVISION SIX

THE PEOPLE,

Plaintiff and Respondent,

v.

ALLEN WA

YNE ACHTERBERG,

Defendant and Appellant. 2d Crim. No. B317880 (Super. Ct. No. 21CR01702) (Santa Barbara County)

Allen Wayne Achterberg appeals fro m the restitution order entered after he ple a d ed no contest to making criminal threats against Jane Do e ( Pen. Code

, 1 § 422 , subd. (a)) and stalking her (§ 646.9, subd. (b)). The trial court ordered him to serve three years of formal probation and pay $2

, 400 in restitution. Achterberg contends the restitution order should be vacated because prosecutors fa iled to show his criminal conduct caused
Jane’s losses . We affirm.

1 S tatutory references are to the Penal Code

.2 FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY Achterberg and Jane were in an abusive relationship for 14 years. They had three children together. In September 2021, Achterberg ple a d ed no contest to mak ing criminal threats against
Jane in March 2021 and to stalking her between December 2020
and March 2021 . In exchange for his plea, Achterberg agreed to serve three years of formal probation with domestic violence

terms (including a 10

- year protective ord er) and pay restitution. The probation report submitted before the restitution hearing disclosed th at Achterberg destroyed some of Jane’s property while the two shared an apartment and refused to let
Jane retrieve other items after she moved out

. Jane re quested $2

, 400 in restitution for property that was damaged, destroyed, or withheld; do g shelter fines incurred ; and to cover her half of
the deposit on the a partment she rented with Achterberg

. At the restitution hearing

, Achterberg objected t hat Jane’s
request included losses incurred before the offenses to which he
had ple aded occurred

. The prosecutor clarified that Jane requested restitution “for items that were either broken [or] stolen, or expenses that were incurred” between December 2020
and Marc h 2021. Achterberg then objected that the items for which Jane requested restitution w ere unrelated to his underlying offenses since she had left them behind when she moved out of the apartment. He also objected to paying restitution for the deposit on t heir apartment since Jane did not
remove her name from the lease and was not named in eviction

pro ceedings

. The prosecutor responded that Achterberg continuously
threatened and stalked Jane. She could not retrieve her property from the apartment without fear of contact with Achterberg

.3

Additionally, Jane was negatively affected by the eviction proceeding s because her name remained on the lease.
The trial court determined that Jane’s restitution request

was proper under section 1202.4 . It ordered Acht erberg to pay the $2

, 400 requested.
DISCUSSION Achterberg contends the $2

, 400 restitution order should be vacated because he did not cause Jane’s losses. We disagree. Victims of crimes have a constitutional right to restitution

. (Cal. Const., art. I, § 28, subd. (b), par. (13).) Such r estitution may be ordered as a condition of probation. ( People v. Snow (2012) 205 Cal.App.4th 932, 939 ( Snow ) ; see § 1203.1, subd. (j).)
When so ordered, the amount of restitution is not limited to
losses due to crimes for which the defendant was convicted but

may also include losses “ caused by related conduct not resulting
in a conviction. ” ( Snow , at p. 939.) This includes losses
attributable to “ conduct of which a defendant has been acquitted [citation] , uncharged co nduct, and conduct for which the statute
of limitations has run [citation]

. ” ( Id

. at pp. 939

- 940.)
We review a restitution order for abuse of discretion. ( Snow

, supra , 205 Cal.App.4 th at p. 940.) We will find no abuse so long as “‘“ ‘ there is a factual and rational basis for the amount of restitution ordered by the trial court. [Citations.] ’ ”’ ” ( People v.
Moore (2009) 177 Cal.App.4th 1229, 1231 .) Such a basis exists if
the restitution ordered is “ reasonably

. . . related either to the
crime of which defendant [wa s ] convicted or to the goal of deterring future criminality. ” ( Snow , at p. 940, italics omitted

. )
Snow

, supra , 205 Cal.App.4th 932 is instructive. The Snow defendant pl e a d ed no contest to false imprisonment and was placed on probation . ( I d

. at p. 934.) A s a condition of probation,4

the trial court ordered the defendant to pay restitution, including $420 for dental expenses the victim incurred after a prior, uncharged assaul t

. ( Id

. at p p

. 936, 940 .) The defendant challenged the restitutio n order to the extent it requir ed him to pay the dental expenses

. ( Id. at p. 934. ) Our colleagues in the Third District rejected the challenge, noting that the defendant’s prior assault was both “reasonably” and “directly” related to his false imprisonme nt conviction. ( Id

. at p. 940.) The restitution
order also “serve[d] the goal of deterring future assaultive
conduct.” ( I

bi d

. )
So too here

. Jane endured abuse from Achterberg throughout their 14

- year

- long relationship

. He threatened to slit
her throat and told her that “someone [was] going to die.” S uch
abusive behavior was reasonably and directly related to the crimes to which Achterberg ple a d ed no contest and was placed on probation with domestic violence terms

. ( Compare , e.g., § 422 [offense of cr iminal threats requires victim to fear for their own safety] with Snow

, supra , 205 Cal.App.4th at p. 940 [ domestic
violence affect s victim ’s state of mind and results in ongoing fear
and intimidation ] .) It was thus proper for the trial court to order

rest itution for the items damaged or destroyed during Achterberg’s abuse. It was also proper for the court to order
restitution to deter hi s future criminality

. ( Snow , at p. 940.)
There was no abuse of discretion.5 DISPOSITION
The trial court’s restitution order, entered January 24,
2022 , is affirmed.
NOT TO BE PUBLISHED.

BALTODANO, J.

We concur:

GILBERT, P. J.

YEGAN, J.John F. McGregor, Judge

Superior Court County of Santa Barbara

______________________________

Jolene Larimore , under a ppointment by the Court of Appeal, for Defendant and Appellant. Rob Bonta, Attorney General, Lance E. Winters, Chief Assistant Attorney General, Susan Sullivan Pithey, Assistant Attorney General, Noah P. Hill and Peggy Z. Huang, Deputy Attorneys General, for Plaintiff and Respondent.