Rights plan dated July 9, 2007 between Spark Networks, Inc. and The Bank of NY.



 EXHIBIT 4.1 
 RIGHTS AGREEMENT 
 July 9, 2007 
 by and between 
 SPARK NETWORKS, INC. 
 and 
 THE BANK OF NEW YORK 
 as Rights Agent 







 TABLE OF CONTENTS 
  


			
	 	  	Page
	 Section 1. Certain Definitions
	  	1
		
	 Section 2. Appointment of Rights Agent
	  	9
		
	 Section 3. Issuance of Rights Certificates
	  	9
		
	 Section 4. Form of Right Certificates
	  	11
		
	 Section 5. Countersignature and Registration
	  	11
		
	 Section 6. Transfer, Split Up, Combination and Exchange of Right Certificates; Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Right
Certificates
	  	11
		
	 Section 7. Exercise of Rights
	  	12
		
	 Section 8. Cancellation and Destruction of Right Certificates
	  	14
		
	 Section 9. Reservation and Availability of Capital Stock
	  	14
		
	 Section 10. Securities Record Date
	  	15
		
	 Section 11. Adjustment of Exercise Price, Number of Shares Issuable upon Exercise of Rights or Number of Rights
	  	15
		
	 Section 12. Certificate of Adjusted Exercise Price or Number of Shares Issuable Upon Exercise of Rights
	  	20
		
	 Section 13. Consolidation, Merger or Sale or Transfer of Assets or Earning Power
	  	20
		
	 Section 14. Fractional Rights and Fractional Shares
	  	23
		
	 Section 15. Rights of Action
	  	23
		
	 Section 16. Agreement of Right Holders
	  	24
		
	 Section 17. Right Holder and Right Certificate Holder Not Deemed a Stockholder
	  	24
		
	 Section 18. Concerning the Rights Agent
	  	24
		
	 Section 19. Merger or Consolidation or Change of Name of Rights Agent
	  	25
		
	 Section 20. Duties of Rights Agent
	  	26











			
	 Section 21. Change of Rights Agent
	  	28
		
	 Section 22. Issuance of New Right Certificates
	  	29
		
	 Section 23. Redemption of Rights
	  	29
		
	 Section 24. Exchange of Rights
	  	30
		
	 Section 25. Notice of Certain Events
	  	31
		
	 Section 26. Notices
	  	31
		
	 Section 27. Supplements and Amendments
	  	32
		
	 Section 28. Certain Covenants
	  	32
		
	 Section 29. Successors; Assignment
	  	33
		
	 Section 30. Benefits of this Agreement
	  	33
		
	 Section 31. Severability
	  	33
		
	 Section 32. Governing Law
	  	33
		
	 Section 33. Counterparts
	  	34
		
	 Section 34. Descriptive Headings
	  	34
		
	EXHIBIT A	  	1

 TABLE OF EXHIBITS 
 Exhibit A — Form of Right Certificate 







 RIGHTS AGREEMENT 
 This Rights Agreement (the “Agreement”) is made and entered into as of July 9, 2007 by and between SPARK NETWORKS, INC. , a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and The Bank of New York, a
banking corporation organized under the laws of the State of New York, as rights agent (the “Rights Agent”). 
 WHEREAS, the Board
of Directors of the Company has authorized and declared a dividend of one preferred share purchase right (a “Right”) for each Common Share (as hereinafter defined) of the Company outstanding on July 9, 2007 (the “Record
Date”), each Right representing the right to purchase one one-hundredth of a Preferred Share (as hereinafter defined), upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein, and has further authorized and directed the issuance of one
Right with respect to each Common Share that shall become outstanding between the Record Date and the earliest of the Distribution Date, the Redemption Date or the Expiration Date (as such terms are hereinafter defined). 
 NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the mutual agreements set forth herein, the parties hereto hereby agree as follows: 
 Section 1. Certain Definitions. 
 For purposes of this Agreement, the following terms have the meanings indicated: 
 “Affiliate” and “Associate”
shall have the respective meanings ascribed to such terms in Rule 12b-2 promulgated under the Exchange Act, as in effect on the date hereof. 
 A Person shall be deemed the “Beneficial Owner” of and shall be deemed to “Beneficially Own” any securities: 
 (i) that such Person or any of such Person’s Affiliates or Associates beneficially owns, directly or indirectly, for purposes of Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and Rule 13d-3 promulgated under the
Exchange Act, in each case as in effect on the date hereof; 
 (ii) that such Person or any of such Person’s Affiliates
or Associates has the right to acquire (whether such right is exercisable immediately, or only after the passage of time, compliance with regulatory requirements, the fulfillment of a condition or otherwise) pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or
understanding, or upon the exercise of conversion rights, exchange rights (other than these Rights), rights, warrants or options, or otherwise, provided, however, that a Person shall not be deemed the Beneficial Owner of, or to Beneficially
Own, securities tendered pursuant to a tender offer or exchange offer made by or on behalf of such Person or any of such Person’s Affiliates or Associates until such tendered securities are accepted for purchase or exchange; 
 (iii) that such Person or any such Person’s Affiliates or Associates has the right to vote, whether alone or in concert with others,
pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or understanding, provided, however, that a Person shall not be deemed the Beneficial 








 
Owner of, or to Beneficially Own, any security if the agreement, arrangement or understanding to vote such security (A) arises solely from a revocable
proxy given to such Person or any of such Person’s Affiliates or Associates in response to a public proxy solicitation made pursuant to and in accordance with the applicable rules and regulations promulgated under the Exchange Act, and
(B) is not also then reportable on Schedule 13D under the Exchange Act (or any comparable or successor report); 
 (iv) that are Beneficially Owned, directly or indirectly, by any other Person with which such Person or any of such Person’s Affiliates or Associates has any agreement, arrangement or understanding for the purpose of acquiring,
holding, voting (other than voting pursuant to a revocable proxy as described in the proviso to clause (iii) of this definition of “Beneficial Owner”) or disposing of any securities of the Company; and 
 (v) that, on any day on or after the Distribution Date, evidence Rights that prior to such date were represented by certificates for
Common Shares that such Person Beneficially Owns on such day. 
 Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section l(b), a Person engaged in business
as an underwriter of securities shall not be deemed to be the Beneficial Owner of, or to Beneficially Own, any securities acquired through such Person’s participation in good faith in a firm commitment underwriting until the expiration of
40 days after the date of such acquisition. 
 “Business Day” shall mean any day other than a Saturday, a Sunday or a day on
which banking institutions in the State of New York are authorized or obligated by law or executive order to close. 
 “Certificate of
Designations” shall mean the certificate of designations specifying the powers, designations, preferences and rights of the Preferred Shares in accordance with the Delaware General Corporation Law. 
 “Close of Business” on any given date shall mean 5:00 p.m., New York time, on such date; provided, however, that if such date is not a
Business Day, it shall mean 5:00 p.m., New York time, on the next succeeding Business Day. 
 “Closing Price” of a stock or other
security on any day shall be the last sale price, regular way, per share of such stock or unit of such other security on such day or, in case no such sale takes place on such day, the average of the closing bid and asked prices, regular way, in
either case as reported in the principal consolidated transaction reporting system with respect to securities listed or admitted to trading on the principal national securities exchange on which such stock or other security is listed or admitted to
trading or, if such stock or other security is not listed or admitted to trading on any national securities exchange, the last quoted price or, if not so quoted, the average of the high bid and low asked prices in the over-the-counter market, or, if
on any such date such stock or other security is not quoted by any such organization, the average of the closing bid and asked prices as furnished by a professional market maker that makes a market in such stock or other security and that is
selected by the Board of Directors of the Company. 
  

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 “Common Share” shall mean one share of the Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share, of the
Company, unless used with reference to a Person other than the Company, in which case it shall mean one share of each class of stock of such Person having the right to vote generally in the election of directors or, if such Person is a Subsidiary of
another Person, one Common Share of the Person that ultimately controls such Person. 
 “Common Share Equivalent” shall have the
meaning ascribed to it in Section 11(a)(iii) hereof. 
 “Current Market Price” per share of a stock or unit of any other
security on any date shall mean the average of the daily Closing Prices of such stock or other security for the 30 consecutive Trading Days through and including the Trading Day immediately preceding the date in question; provided,
however, that if any event shall have caused the Closing Price on any Trading Day during such 30-day period not to be fully comparable with the Closing Price on the date in question (or, if no Closing Price is available on the date in question,
on the Trading Day immediately preceding the date in question), then each such non-comparable Closing Price so used shall be appropriately adjusted by the Board of Directors in order to make the Closing Price on each Trading Day during the period
used for the determination of the Current Market Price fully comparable with the Closing Price on such date in question (or, if applicable, the immediately preceding Trading Day). “Current Market Price” per share of any stock or unit of
such other security that is not publicly held or so listed or traded, and “Current Market Price” of any other property, shall mean the fair value per share of such stock or unit of such other security, or the fair value of such other
property, respectively, as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Company based upon such appraisals or valuation reports of such independent experts as the Board of Directors shall in good faith determine appropriate, which
determination shall be described in a statement filed by the Company with the Rights Agent. 
 “Distribution Date” shall have the
meaning ascribed to it in Section 3 hereof. 
 “Exchange Act” shall mean the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

 “Exempt Person” shall mean the Company, any wholly-owned Subsidiary of the Company, any employee benefit plan of the Company or
of a Subsidiary of the Company and any Person holding Voting Shares for or pursuant to the terms of any such employee benefit plan (unless, with respect to any employee benefit plan, the Board of Directors of the Company determines, in its sole and
absolute discretion, such plan shall not be so exempt). 
 “Exercise Price” shall have the meaning ascribed to it in
Section 7(c) hereof. 
 “Expiration Date” shall mean July 9, 2017. 
 “Market Price” per share of a stock or unit of any other security on any Trading Day shall mean the Closing Price of such stock or other
security on such Trading Day. “ Market Price” per share of any stock or unit of such other security that is not publicly held or so listed or traded, and “Market Price” of any other property, shall mean the fair value per share
of such stock or unit of such other security, or the fair value of such other property, respectively, as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Company based upon such appraisals or valuation reports of such independent experts as
the Board of Directors shall in good faith determine appropriate, which determination shall be described in a statement filed by the Company with the Rights Agent. 
  

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 “Person” shall mean any individual, firm, partnership, corporation, association, group (as such
term is used in Rule 13d-5 promulgated under the Exchange Act as in effect on the date hereof) or other entity, and shall include any successor (by merger or otherwise) of such entity. 
 “Preferred Share” shall mean one share of the Series C Junior Participating Cumulative Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share, of the
Company, which shall have the rights and preferences set forth in the Certificate of Designations for the Preferred Shares. 
 “Preferred Share Equivalent” shall have the meaning ascribed to it in Section 11(b) hereof. 
 “Qualifying
Offer” shall mean a tender offer for all outstanding Common Shares of the Company that meets all of the following requirements (A) on the date on which the tender offer is commenced (for purposes of this definition, the “date on which
the tender offer is commenced” shall be determined within the meaning of Rule 14d-2(a) of the General Rules and Regulations under the Exchange Act) and (B) immediately prior to the consummation of the tender offer: 
  

	 	(i)	the same per share price in cash shall be offered for all Common Shares in the offer, provided that such per share price is at least the highest of (A) the weighted
average of the Market Prices for the Common Shares for each Trading Day during the three month period immediately preceding the date on which the tender offer is commenced, (B) the highest price at which the Person making the tender offer
(including its Affiliates and Associates, collectively, the “Offering Person”) acquired Beneficial Ownership of a Common Share during the six month period immediately preceding the date on which the tender offer is commenced and
(C) the highest price at which the Offering Person acquires or agrees to acquire Beneficial Ownership of a Common Share during the course of the tender offer period provided in this definition; provided, however, that in the event the
Offering Person acquires Beneficial Ownership of any additional Common Share other than on a stock exchange within one year after expiration of the tender offer period for a price per share (appropriately adjusted for any intervening stock splits,
stock dividends, reverse splits, recapitalizations or reorganizations) in excess of the price per share offered in the tender offer pursuant to foregoing terms (the amount of such excess being the “Excess Amount”), the Offering Person
shall promptly pay in cash to each stockholder of the Company from whom the Offering Person purchased Common Shares pursuant to the tender offer an amount equal to the product of the Excess Amount multiplied by the number of Common Shares so
purchased from such stockholder; 

  

	 	(ii)	 for purposes of clause (i) above, if the Offering Person acquired Beneficial Ownership of a Common Share for consideration other than cash, then the price paid
for such Common Share shall be deemed to equal the fair market 



  

 4 









	 	 
value of such non-cash consideration on the date of such purchase, as determined by an independent appraiser selected by the Board of Directors of the
Company; 


  

	 	(iii)	on or prior to the date on which the tender offer is commenced, such Offering Person: (A) has on hand cash or cash equivalents for the full amount necessary to consummate such
tender offer and has irrevocably committed in writing to the Company to utilize such cash or cash equivalents for purposes of such tender offer, if consummated, and to set apart and maintain available such cash or cash equivalents for such purposes
until the tender offer is consummated or withdrawn; or (B) has all financing in the full amount necessary to consummate such tender offer and has: (1) entered into, and provided to the Company certified copies of, definitive financing
agreements (including exhibits and related documents) for funds for such tender offer that, when added to the amount of cash and cash equivalents available, committed in writing, set apart and maintained in the same manner as described in clause
(A) above, are in an amount not less than the full amount necessary to consummate such tender offer, which agreements are with one or more responsible financial institutions or other entities having the necessary financial capacity and ability
to provide such funds, constitute firm, unqualified commitments to provide the funding described above without market or company maximum limitations, and are subject only to customary terms and conditions (which shall in no event include conditions
requiring access by such financial institutions to non-public information to be provided by the Company, conditions based on the accuracy of any information concerning the Company, or conditions requiring the Company to make any representations,
warranties or covenants in connection with such financing), and (2) provided to the Company copies of all written materials prepared by such Person for such financial institutions in connection with entering into such financing agreements;
provided that “the full amount necessary to consummate such tender offer” in either clause (A) or (B) above shall be an amount sufficient to pay the consideration for all Common Shares outstanding on a fully diluted basis
pursuant to the tender offer and to pay for the second-step transaction required by clause (vii) below and all related expenses; 

  

	 	(iv)	such tender offer is conditioned on a minimum of 50% of the outstanding Common Shares (excluding in such calculation those Common Shares Beneficially Owned by the Offering Person)
being tendered and not withdrawn as of the tender offer’s expiration date, which condition shall not be waivable; 

  

	 	(v)	 prior to or on the date that such tender offer is commenced, the Company shall have received an irrevocable written commitment of the Offering Person that the
tender offer will remain open for at least 60 Business Days; provided, however, that (x) if there is any increase in the price per share offered in such tender offer, such offer must remain open for at least an additional 15 Business
Days after the last such increase, (y) such tender offer must remain open for at least 15 Business Days after the date that any bona fide alternative offer is 



  

 5 









	 	 
made by a Person for the Common Shares that, in the opinion of one or more investment banking firms designated by the Board of Directors of the Company,
provides for consideration per share in excess of that offered by the Offering Person, and (z) such tender offer must remain open for at least 15 Business Days after the date, if any, on which such Offering Person reduces the per share price
offered in accordance with clause (vii)(B) below (provided, in the case of each of clauses (x), (y) and (z) above, in no event will such tender offer have been outstanding for less than 60 Business Days); provided further,
however, that such tender offer need not remain open, as a result of this clause (v), beyond (1) the time that any other offer satisfying the criteria for a Qualifying Offer is then required to be kept open under this clause (v), or
(2) the scheduled expiration date, as such date may be extended by public announcement on or prior to the then-scheduled expiration date, of any other tender offer for Common Shares with respect to which the Board of Directors of the Company
has agreed to redeem the Rights immediately prior to acceptance for payment of Common Shares thereunder (unless such other offer is terminated prior to its expiration without any Common Shares having been purchased thereunder);



  

	 	(vi)	such tender offer is accompanied by a written opinion, in customary form, of a nationally recognized investment banking firm which is addressed to the Company and the holders of
Common Shares other than such Offering Person and states that the price to be paid to holders pursuant to the tender offer is fair from a financial point of view to such holders and includes any written presentation of such firm showing the analysis
and range of values underlying such conclusions and such written opinion and any such presentation is updated and provided to the Company within two Business Days prior to the date such tender offer is consummated; 

  

	 	(vii)	 prior to or on the date that such tender offer is commenced, such Offering Person makes an irrevocable written commitment to the Company and, with respect to the
following clause (A), to the Company’s stockholders, (A) to consummate a transaction or transactions promptly upon the completion of such tender offer (and in no event later than five Business Days thereafter), whereby all Common Shares
not purchased in such tender offer will be acquired at the same cash price per share paid in such tender offer, (B) that the Offering Person will not make any amendments to the tender offer to reduce the offer consideration, or otherwise change
the terms of the tender offer in a way that is adverse to a tendering stockholder (other than a reduction to reflect any dividend declared by the Company, other than a regular quarterly dividend, after the commencement of such tender offer or any
material change in the capital structure of the Company initiated by the Company after the commencement of such tender offer, whether by way of reclassification, recapitalization, reorganization, repurchase or otherwise), and, (C) if the tender
offer is not consummated, that such Offering Person will not make any tender offer for or purchase any equity securities of the Company for a period of one year after the commencement of the original tender offer if such original tender 



  

 6 









	 	 
offer does not result in the tender of at least 50% of the outstanding Common Shares not Beneficially Owned by such Offering Person, unless another tender
offer by another party for all outstanding Common Shares is commenced that (a) constitutes a Qualifying Offer (in which event, any new tender offer by such Offering Person must be at a price no less than that provided for in such original
tender offer) or (b) is approved by the Board of Directors of the Company (in which event, any new tender offer by such Offering Person must be at a price no less than that provided for in such approved tender offer);



  

	 	(viii)	the tender offer is subject only to the conditions required in this definition and other customary terms and conditions, and is not subject to any financing, funding or similar
condition, nor any condition relating to completion of or satisfaction with any due diligence or similar investigation; and 

  

	 	(ix)	subject to satisfaction of the conditions permitted hereby for the tender offer, the Offering Person purchases, at a date that is no later than ten Business Days after the
expiration of the minimum period that the tender offer is required to remain open pursuant to the terms hereof, all Common Shares tendered pursuant to the tender offer at the cash price per share required hereby, unless the Offering Person is
permitted to withdraw the tender offer pursuant to clause (v) above. 

 “Record Date” shall have the meaning
ascribed to it in the recitals hereto. 
 “Redemption Date” shall mean the date of the action of the Board of Directors of the
Company authorizing and directing the redemption of the Rights pursuant to Section 23(a) hereof or the exchange of the Rights pursuant to Section 24(a) hereof. 
 “Redemption Price” shall have the meaning ascribed to it in Section 23(a) hereof. 
 “Right Certificate”, as that term is used with respect to any period prior to the Distribution Date, shall have the meaning ascribed to it in Section 3(b) hereof, and, as that term is used with respect to any period on or
after the Distribution Date, shall have the meaning ascribed to it in Section 3(c) hereof. 
 “Rights Expiration Date” shall
mean the Expiration Date, except if there has been a Distribution Date, then it shall mean the tenth anniversary of the Distribution Date. 
 “Section 11(a)(ii) Event” shall have the meaning ascribed to it in Section 11(a)(ii) hereof. 
 “Section 13(a) Event” shall have the meaning ascribed to it in Section 13(a) hereof. 
 “Securities
Act” shall mean the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. 
 “Subsidiary” of any Person shall mean any corporation or other
Person of which equity securities or equity interests representing a majority of the voting power are owned, directly or indirectly, or which is effectively controlled, by such Person. 
  

 7 








 “Surviving Person” shall have the meaning ascribed to it in Section 13(a) hereof.

 “30% Ownership Date” shall mean, as to a Person that is a 30% Stockholder, (a) the first date of public announcement
(which, for purposes of this definition, shall include, without limitation, a report filed pursuant to Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act) by the Company or such 30% Stockholder containing the facts by virtue of which such Person has become
a 30% Stockholder and (b) any subsequent date of public announcement by the Company or such 30% Stockholder that such 30% Stockholder has acquired Beneficial Ownership of, in the aggregate, a number of Voting Shares of the Company (in
addition to those Voting Shares previously announced as having been acquired by such 30% Stockholder) equal to 1% or more of the Voting Shares of the Company then outstanding (other than acquisitions made pursuant to a Qualifying Offer).
“30% Stockholder” shall mean any Person that Beneficially Owns 30% or more of the Voting Shares of the Company then outstanding; provided, however, that the term “30% Stockholder” shall not include: (i) an
Exempt Person; (ii) any Person that would not otherwise be a 30% Stockholder but for a reduction in the number of outstanding Voting Shares resulting from a stock repurchase program or other similar plan of the Company or from a self
tender offer of the Company, which plan or tender offer commenced on or after the date hereof; provided, however, that the term “30% Stockholder” shall include such Person from and after the first date upon which (A) such
Person, since the date of the commencement of such plan or tender offer, shall have acquired Beneficial Ownership of, in the aggregate, a number of Voting Shares of the Company equal to 1% or more of the Voting Shares of the Company then outstanding
and (B) such Person, together with all Affiliates and Associates of such Person, shall Beneficially Own 30% or more of the Voting Shares of the Company then outstanding; (iii) any Person that would not otherwise be a 30% Stockholder
but for its Beneficial Ownership of Rights; (iv) any Person that is the Beneficial Owner of 30% or more of the outstanding Voting Shares of the Company as of July 9, 2007; provided, however, that the term
“30% Stockholder” shall include such Person from and after the first date upon which (A) such Person shall have acquired since July 9, 2007, without the prior approval of the Board of Directors of the Company, Beneficial
Ownership of, in the aggregate, a number of Voting Shares of the Company equal to 1% or more of the Voting Shares of the Company then outstanding, and (B) such Person, together with all Affiliates and Associates of such Person, shall
Beneficially Own 30% or more of the Voting Shares of the Company then outstanding; (v) any Person (a “Transferee”) that acquires Voting Shares from a Person described in clause (iv) above that has not become a
30% Stockholder if, after giving effect to such acquisition, such Transferee Beneficially Owns no more than the sum of the Voting Shares so acquired plus 1% of the Voting Shares then outstanding; provided, however, that the term
“30% Stockholder” shall include such Transferee from and after the first date upon which (A) such Transferee, since the date of such acquisition, shall have acquired, without the prior approval of the Board of Directors of the
Company, Beneficial Ownership of, in the aggregate, a number of Voting Shares of the Company equal to 1% or more of the Voting Shares of the Company then outstanding and (B) such Transferee, together with all Affiliates and Associates of such
Transferee, shall Beneficially Own 30% or more of the Voting Shares of the Company then outstanding. In calculating the percentage of the outstanding Voting Shares that are Beneficially Owned by a Person for purposes of this definition, Voting
Shares that are Beneficially Owned by such Person shall be deemed outstanding, and Voting Shares that are not Beneficially Owned by such Person and that are subject to issuance upon the exercise or conversion of outstanding conversion rights,

  

 8 








 
exchange rights, rights, warrants or options shall not be deemed outstanding. Any determination made by the Board of Directors of the Company as to whether
any Person is or is not a 30% Stockholder shall be conclusive and binding upon all holders of Rights. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Board of Directors of the Company determines in good faith that a Person who would otherwise be a
“30% Stockholder” has become such inadvertently, and such Person divests as promptly as practicable a sufficient number of Common Shares so that such Person would no longer be a “30% Stockholder” as defined pursuant to the
foregoing provisions of this paragraph, then such Person shall not be deemed to be a “30% Stockholder” for any purposes of this Agreement unless and until such Person subsequently meets the definition of a 30% Stockholder. 
 “Trading Day” shall mean, as to any stock or other security, a day on which the principal national securities exchange on which such stock or
other security is listed or admitted to trading is open for the transaction of business or, if such stock or other security is not listed or admitted to trading on any national securities exchange, a Business Day. 
 “Voting Share” shall mean (i) a Common Share of the Company and (ii) any other share of capital stock of the Company entitled to vote
generally in the election of directors or entitled to vote together with the Common Shares in respect of any merger, consolidation, sale of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets, liquidation, dissolution or winding up. References in
this Agreement to a percentage or portion of the outstanding Voting Shares shall be deemed a reference to the percentage or portion of the total votes entitled to be cast by the holders of the outstanding Voting Shares. 
 Section 2. Appointment of Rights Agent. The Company hereby appoints the Rights Agent to act as agent for the Company in accordance with the
terms and conditions hereof, and the Rights Agent hereby accepts such appointment. The Company may from time to time appoint such co-Rights Agents as it may deem necessary or desirable. 
 Section 3. Issuance of Rights Certificates. (a) “Distribution Date” shall mean the date, after the date hereof, that is the earlier
of (i) the date of the first Section 11(a)(ii) Event, or (ii) the date of the first Section 13(a) Event. 
 (b)
Until the Distribution Date, (i) the Rights shall be represented by certificates for Common Shares (all of which certificates for Common Shares shall be deemed to be Right Certificates) and not by separate Right Certificates, (ii) the
record holder of the Common Shares represented by each of such certificates shall be the record holder of the Rights represented thereby and (iii) the Rights shall be transferable only in connection with the transfer of Common Shares. Until the
earliest of the Distribution Date, the Redemption Date or the Expiration Date, the surrender for transfer of such certificates for Common Shares shall also constitute the surrender for transfer of the Rights represented thereby. 
 (c) As soon as practicable after the Distribution Date, and after notification by the Company, the Rights Agent shall send, at the expense of the
Company, by first-class, postage-prepaid mail to each record holder of Common Shares, as of the Close of Business on the Distribution Date, at the address of such holder shown on the records of the Company, a Right Certificate substantially in the
form of Exhibit A hereto representing one Right for each 

  

 9 








 
Common Share so held. From and after the Distribution Date, the Rights shall be represented solely by such Right Certificates and may only be transferred by
the transfer of such Right Certificates, and the holders of such Right Certificates, as listed in the records of the Company or any transfer agent or registrar for such Rights, shall be the record holders of such Rights. 
 (d) Certificates for Common Shares issued at any time after the Record Date and prior to the earliest of the Distribution Date, the Redemption Date or
the Expiration Date, shall have impressed on, printed on, written on or otherwise affixed to them the following legend: 
 This certificate
also evidences and entitles the holder hereof to certain Rights as set forth in a Rights Agreement dated as of July 9, 2007 by and between SPARK NETWORKS, INC. and THE BANK OF NEW YORK, as Rights Agent (the “Rights Agreement”), as amended
to date, the terms and conditions of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference and a copy of which is on file at the principal executive offices of SPARK NETWORKS, INC. Under certain circumstances specified in the Rights Agreement, such
Rights will be represented by separate certificates and will no longer be represented by this certificate. Under certain circumstances specified in the Rights Agreement, Rights beneficially owned by certain persons may become null and void. SPARK
NETWORKS, INC. will mail to the record holder of this certificate a copy of the Rights Agreement without charge promptly following receipt of a written request therefor. As described in the Rights Agreement, Rights Beneficially Owned by any Person
who becomes a 30% Stockholder or any Affiliate or Associate of a 30% Stockholder (as such capitalized terms are defined in the Rights Agreement) shall become null and void. 
 (e) Certificates for Common Shares issued at any time on or after the Distribution Date and prior to the earlier of the Redemption Date or the Rights
Expiration Date shall have impressed on, printed on, written on or otherwise affixed to them the following legend: 
 This certificate does
not represent any Right issued pursuant to the terms of a Rights Agreement dated as of July 9, 2007 by and between SPARK NETWORKS, INC. and THE BANK OF NEW YORK, as Rights Agent. 
 (f) In the event that at any time on or after the earlier of the date of the first Section 11(a)(ii) Event or the date of the first
Section 13(a) Event and prior to the earlier of the Redemption Date or the Rights Expiration Date, the Company shall issue any Common Shares pursuant to the exercise of conversion rights, exchange rights, rights (other than Rights), warrants or
options that shall have been issued or granted prior to the earlier of the date of the first Section 11(a)(ii) Event or the date of the first Section 13(a) Event, then, unless the Board of Directors of the Company shall have provided
otherwise at the time of the issuance or grant of such conversion rights, exchange rights, rights (other than Rights), warrants or options, the Rights Agent shall, as soon as practicable after the date of such event, send by first-class,
postage-prepaid mail to the record holder of such Common Shares, at the address of such holder as shown on the records of the Company, a Right Certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto representing one Right for each
Common Share so issued. 
  

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 (h) Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 3, the Rights Agent shall not send any
Right Certificate to any 30% Stockholder or any of its Affiliates or Associates or to any Person if the Rights held by such Person are Beneficially Owned by a 30% Stockholder or any of its Affiliates or Associates. Any determination made
by the Board of Directors of the Company as to whether any Common Shares are or were Beneficially Owned at any time by a 30% Stockholder or an Affiliate or Associate of a 30% Stockholder shall be conclusive and binding upon all holders of
Rights. 
 Section 4. Form of Right Certificates. The Right Certificates and the form of assignment, including certificate, and
the form of election to purchase, including certificate, printed on the reverse thereof, when, as and if issued, shall be substantially the same as Exhibit A hereto, and may have such marks of identification or designation and such legends,
summaries or endorsements printed thereon as the Company may deem appropriate and as are not inconsistent with the provisions of this Agreement, or as may be required to comply with any applicable law or with any rule or regulation made pursuant
thereto or with any rule or regulation of any stock exchange upon which the Rights or the securities of the Company issuable upon exercise of the Rights may from time to time be listed, or to conform to usage. Subject to Section 22 hereof,
Right Certificates, whenever issued, that are issued in respect of Common Shares that were issued and outstanding as of the Close of Business on the Distribution Date, shall be dated as of the Distribution Date. 
 Section 5. Countersignature and Registration. (a) The Right Certificates shall be executed on behalf of the Company by its Chairman of the
Board, its Vice Chairman of the Board, its President or any Vice President, either manually or by facsimile signature, and may have affixed thereto the Company’s seal or a facsimile thereof attested by its Secretary or any Assistant Secretary,
either manually or by facsimile signature. The Right Certificates shall be manually countersigned by the Rights Agent and shall not be valid for any purpose unless so countersigned. In case any officer of the Company who shall have signed any of the
Right Certificates shall cease to be such officer of the Company before countersignature by the Rights Agent and issuance and delivery by the Company, such Right Certificates may nevertheless be countersigned by the Rights Agent and issued and
delivered by the Company with the same force and effect as though the person who signed such Right Certificates had not ceased to be such officer of the Company. Any Right Certificate may be signed on behalf of the Company by any person who at the
actual date of such execution shall be a proper officer of the Company to sign such Right Certificate, even though such person was not such an officer at the date of the execution of this Agreement. 
 (b) Following the Distribution Date, the Rights Agent shall keep or cause to be kept at its principal offices books for registration and transfer of the
Right Certificates issued hereunder. Such books shall show the names and addresses of the respective holders of Right Certificates, the number of Rights represented on its face by each Right Certificate and the date of each Right Certificate.

 Section 6. Transfer, Split Up, Combination and Exchange of Right Certificates; Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Right
Certificates. (a) Subject to the provisions of Sections 6(c), 7(d) and 14 hereof, at any time after the Close of Business on the Distribution Date, and so long as the Rights represented thereby remain outstanding, any one or more Right

  

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Certificates may be transferred, split-up, combined or exchanged for one or more Right Certificates representing the same aggregate number of Rights as the
Right Certificates surrendered. Any registered holder desiring to transfer, split up, combine or exchange one or more Right Certificates shall make such request in writing delivered to the Rights Agent, and shall surrender the Right Certificates to
be transferred, split up, combined or exchanged at the office of the Rights Agent with the form of assignment, including certificate, on the reverse side thereof completed and duly executed, with signature guaranteed. Thereupon, the Rights Agent
shall countersign and deliver to the person entitled thereto one or more Right Certificates, as so requested. The Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or governmental charge that may be imposed in connection with any
transfer, split up, combination or exchange of Right Certificates. 
 (b) Upon receipt by the Company and the Rights Agent of evidence
reasonably satisfactory to them of the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of a Right Certificate, and, in case of loss, theft or destruction, of indemnity or security reasonably satisfactory to them and, at the Company’s request,
reimbursement to the Company and the Rights Agent of all reasonable expenses incidental thereto, and upon surrender to the Rights Agent and cancellation of such Right Certificate if mutilated, the Company shall issue and deliver to the Rights Agent
for delivery to the record holder of such Right Certificate a new Right Certificate of like tenor in lieu of such lost, stolen, destroyed or mutilated Right Certificate. 
 (c) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 6, the Rights Agent shall not countersign and deliver a Right Certificate to any Person if such Right Certificate represents, or would represent when
held by such Person, Rights that had become or would become null and void pursuant to Section 7(d) hereof. 
 Section 7.
Exercise of Rights. (a) Until the Distribution Date, no Right may be exercised. 
 (b) Subject to Section 7(d) and
(g) hereof and the other provisions of this Agreement, at any time after the Close of Business on the Distribution Date and prior to the Close of Business on the earlier of the Redemption Date or the Rights Expiration Date, the registered
holder of any Right Certificate may exercise the Rights represented thereby in whole or in part upon surrender of such Right Certificate, with the form of election to purchase, including certificate, on the reverse side thereof completed and duly
executed, with signature guaranteed, to the Rights Agent at the office of the Rights Agent at The Bank of New York, 101 Barclay Street, 11 East, New York, NY 10286, Attention: Stock Transfer Division, together with payment of the Exercise Price for
each Right exercised. Upon the exercise of an exercisable Right and payment of the Exercise Price in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement, the holder of such Right shall be entitled to receive, subject to adjustment as provided herein,
one one-hundredth of a Preferred Share (or, following the occurrence of a Section 11(a)(ii) Event or a Section 13(a) Event, Common Shares and/or other securities). 
 (c) The “Exercise Price” for the exercise of each Right shall initially be $100.00 and shall be payable in lawful money of the United States of
America in accordance with Section 7(f) hereof. The Exercise Price and the number of Preferred Shares (or, following the occurrence of a Section 11(a)(ii) Event or a Section 13(a) Event, Common Shares and/or other securities) to be
acquired upon exercise of a Right shall be subject to adjustment from time to time as provided in Sections 7(e), 11 and 13 hereof and the other provisions of this Agreement. 
  

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 (d) Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, from and after the earlier of the date of
the first Section 11(a)(ii) Event or the date of the first Section 13(a) Event, any Rights that are or were Beneficially Owned by a 30% Stockholder or any Affiliate or Associate of a 30% Stockholder at any time on or after the
Distribution Date shall be null and void, and for all purposes of this Agreement such Rights shall thereafter be deemed not to be outstanding, and any holder of such Rights (whether or not such holder is a 30% Stockholder or an Affiliate or
Associate of a 30% Stockholder) shall thereafter have no right to exercise such Rights. 
 (e) Prior to the Distribution Date, if the
Board of Directors of the Company shall have determined that such action adequately protects the interests of the holders of Rights, the Company may, in its discretion, substitute for all or any portion of the Preferred Shares that would otherwise
be issuable (after the Close of Business on the Distribution Date) upon the exercise of each Right and payment of the Exercise Price (i) cash, (ii) other equity securities of the Company, (iii) debt securities of the Company,
(iv) other property or (v) any combination of the foregoing, in each case having an aggregate Current Market Price equal to the aggregate Current Market Price of the Preferred Shares for which substitution is made. Subject to
Section 7(d) hereof, in the event that the Company takes any action pursuant to this Section 7(e), such action shall apply uniformly to all outstanding Rights. 
 (f) Upon receipt of a Right Certificate representing exercisable Rights, with the form of election to purchase, including certificate, completed and duly executed, with signature guaranteed, accompanied by payment of
the Exercise Price for each Right to be exercised and an amount equal to any applicable transfer tax required to be paid by the holder of such Right Certificate in accordance with Section 9 hereof by certified check or cashier’s check
payable to the order of the Company, the Rights Agent shall thereupon promptly (i) requisition from the transfer agent of the Preferred Shares (or, following the occurrence of a Section 11(a)(ii) Event or a Section 13(a) Event, Common
Shares and/or securities) certificates for the number of Preferred Shares (or such other securities) to be purchased, and the Company hereby irrevocably authorizes such transfer agent to comply with all such requests, and/or, as provided in
Section 14 hereof, requisition from the depositary agent described therein depositary receipts representing such number of one-hundredths of a Preferred Share (or such other securities) as are to be purchased (in which case certificates for the
Preferred Shares (or such other securities) represented by such receipts shall be deposited by the transfer agent with such depositary agent) and the Company hereby directs such depositary agent to comply with such request, (ii) when
appropriate, requisition from the Company the amount of cash to be paid in lieu of issuance of fractional Preferred Shares (or such other securities) in accordance with Section 14 hereof, (iii) after receipt of such certificates,
depositary receipts or cash, cause the same to be delivered to or upon the order of the registered holder of such Right Certificate, registered in such name or names as may be designated by such holder and (iv) when appropriate, after receipt
thereof, deliver such cash to or upon the order of the registered holder of such Right Certificate. 
 (g) Notwithstanding the foregoing
provisions of this Section 7, the exercisability of the Rights shall be suspended for such period as shall reasonably be necessary for the Company 

  

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to register and qualify under the Securities Act and any applicable securities law of any jurisdiction the Preferred Shares and/or Common Shares or other
securities to be issued pursuant to the exercise of the Rights; provided, however, that nothing contained in this Section 7 shall relieve the Company of its obligations under Section 9(c) hereof. 
 (h) In case the registered holder of any Right Certificate shall exercise less than all of the Rights represented thereby, a new Right Certificate
representing Rights equivalent to the Rights remaining unexercised shall be issued by the Rights Agent to the registered holder of such Right Certificate or to such holder’s duly authorized assigns, subject to the provisions of Section 14
hereof. 
 Section 8. Cancellation and Destruction of Right Certificates. All Right Certificates surrendered for the purpose of
exercise, transfer, split up, combination or exchange shall, if surrendered to the Company or to any of its agents, be delivered to the Rights Agent for cancellation or in canceled form, or, if surrendered to the Rights Agent, shall be canceled by
it, and no Right Certificates shall be issued in lieu thereof except as expressly permitted by this Agreement. The Company shall deliver to the Rights Agent for cancellation and retirement, and the Rights Agent shall so cancel and retire, any other
Right Certificate purchased or acquired by the Company otherwise than upon the exercise thereof. The Rights Agent shall deliver all canceled Right Certificates to the Company or shall, at the written request of the Company, destroy such canceled
Right Certificates, and in such case shall deliver a certificate of destruction thereof to the Company. 
 Section 9. Reservation and
Availability of Capital Stock. (a) Subject to Sections 7(e) and 9(f) hereof, the Company shall cause to be reserved and kept available out of its authorized and unissued equity securities (or out of its authorized and issued equity
securities held in its treasury), the number of such equity securities that will from time to time be sufficient to permit the exercise in full of all outstanding Rights. 
 (b) In the event that any securities issuable upon exercise of the Rights are listed on any national securities exchange, the Company shall use its best efforts, from and after such time as the Rights become
exercisable, to cause all such securities issued or reserved for such issuance to be listed on such exchange upon official notice of issuance upon such exercise. 
 (c) If necessary to permit the issuance of securities upon exercise of the Rights, the Company shall use its best efforts, from and after the Distribution Date, to register and qualify such securities under the
Securities Act, the Exchange Act and any other applicable securities laws and to keep such registration effective until the earlier of the Redemption Date or the Rights Expiration Date. 
 (d) The Company shall take all such action as may be necessary to ensure that all securities delivered upon exercise of the Rights shall, at the time of
delivery of the certificates for such securities (subject to payment of the Exercise Price), be duly and validly authorized and issued and fully paid and nonassessable securities. 
 (e) The Company shall pay when due and payable any and all federal and state transfer taxes and charges that may be payable in respect of the issuance or
delivery of the Right 

  

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Certificates or of any securities upon the exercise of Rights. The Company shall not, however, be required to pay any transfer tax that may be payable in
respect of any transfer or delivery of a Right Certificate to a Person other than, or the issuance or delivery of a certificate for securities in respect of a name other than that of, the registered holder of the Right Certificate representing
Rights surrendered for exercise, or to issue or deliver any certificate for securities upon the exercise of any Right until any such tax shall have been paid (any such tax being payable by the holder of such Right Certificate at the time of
surrender) or until it has been established to the Company’s satisfaction that no such tax is due. 
 (f) With respect to the Common
Shares and/or other securities issuable pursuant to Section 11(a)(ii) and (iii) hereof, the foregoing covenants shall be applicable only upon and following the occurrence of a Section 11(a)(ii) Event. 
 Section 10. Securities Record Date. Each Person in whose name any certificate for securities of the Company is issued upon the exercise of
Rights shall for all purposes be deemed to have become the holder of record of the securities represented thereby on, and such certificate shall be dated, the date upon which the Right Certificate representing such Rights was duly surrendered and
payment of the Exercise Price (and any applicable transfer taxes) was made; provided, however, that if the date of such surrender and payment is a date upon which the securities transfer books of the Company are closed, such person shall be
deemed to have become the record holder of such securities on, and such certificate shall be dated, the next succeeding Business Day on which the securities transfer books of the Company are open. 
 Section 11. Adjustment of Exercise Price, Number of Shares Issuable Upon Exercise of Rights or Number of Rights. The Exercise Price, the
number and kind of securities that may be purchased upon exercise of a Right and the number of Rights outstanding are subject to adjustment from time to time as provided in this Section 11. 
 (a)(i) In the event that the Company shall at any time after the Close of Business on the Record Date and prior to the Close of Business
on the earlier of the Redemption Date or the Rights Expiration Date (A) declare or pay any dividend on the Preferred Shares payable in Preferred Shares or Voting Shares, (B) subdivide the outstanding Preferred Shares, (C) combine the
outstanding Preferred Shares into a smaller number of Preferred Shares or (D) issue Preferred Shares or other securities of the Company (other than those for which an adjustment is required under Section 11(b) hereof) in a reclassification
of the Preferred Shares (including any such reclassification in connection with a consolidation or merger in which the Company is the continuing or surviving corporation) or in a reorganization of the Company, then, and upon each such event, the
number and kind of Preferred Shares or other securities issuable upon the exercise of a Right on the date of such event shall be proportionately adjusted so that the holder of any Right exercised on or after such date shall be entitled to receive,
upon the exercise thereof and payment of the Exercise Price, the aggregate number and kind of Preferred Shares or other securities or other property, as the case may be, that, if such Right had been exercised immediately prior to such date and at a
time when such Right was exercisable and the transfer books of the Company were open, such holder would have owned upon such exercise and would have been entitled to receive by virtue of such dividend, subdivision, combination or reclassification.
If an event occurs that would require an 

  

 15 








 
adjustment under both this Section 11(a)(i) and Section 11(a)(ii) hereof, the adjustment provided for in this Section 11(a)(i) shall be in
addition to, and shall be made prior to, any adjustment required pursuant to Section 11(a)(ii) hereof. 
 (ii) In the
event that a 30% Ownership Date shall have occurred and the 30% Stockholder to whom such 30% Ownership Date is attributable has not commenced a Qualifying Offer, and neither the Redemption Date nor the Expiration Date shall have occurred, prior
to the tenth Business Day following such 30% Ownership Date (a “Section 11(a)(ii) Event”), then, and upon each such Section 11(a)(ii) Event, proper provision shall be made so that, except as provided in
Section 7(d) hereof, each holder of a Right shall thereafter have the right to receive, upon the exercise thereof in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and payment of the then current Exercise Price, such number of Common Shares of the
Company as shall equal the result obtained by (A) multiplying the then current Exercise Price by the then number of one-hundredths of a Preferred Share for which a Right was exercisable immediately prior to such
Section 11(a)(ii) Event (or, if the Distribution Date shall not have occurred prior to the date of such Section 11(a)(ii) Event, the number of one-hundredths of a Preferred Share for which a Right would have been exercisable if
the Distribution Date had occurred on the Business Day immediately preceding the date of such Section 11(a)(ii) Event), and (B) dividing that product by 50% of the Current Market Price of a Common Share on the date of occurrence of
the relevant Section 11(a)(ii) Event (such number of shares being hereinafter referred to as the “Adjustment Shares”). Successive adjustments shall be made pursuant to this paragraph each time a Section 11(a)(ii) Event
occurs. 
 (iii) In the event that on the date of a Section 11(a)(ii) Event the aggregate number of Common Shares
that are authorized by the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation, as amended from time to time, but not outstanding or reserved for issuance for purposes other than upon exercise of the Rights is less than the aggregate number of Adjustment
Shares thereafter issuable upon the exercise in full of the Rights in accordance with Section 11(a)(ii) hereof (the excess of such number of Adjustment Shares over and above such number of Common Shares being hereinafter referred to as the
“Unavailable Adjustment Shares”), then, and upon each such event, the Company shall substitute for the pro rata portion of the Unavailable Adjustment Shares that would otherwise be issuable thereafter upon the exercise of each Right and
payment of the Exercise Price (A) cash, (B) other equity securities of the Company (including, without limitation, shares of preferred stock of the Company or units of such shares having the same Current Market Price as one Common Share (a
“Common Share Equivalent”)), (C) debt securities of the Company, (D) other property or (E) any combination of the foregoing, in each case having an aggregate Current Market Price equal to the aggregate Current Market Price
of the Unavailable Adjustment Shares for which substitution is made. Subject to Section 7(d) hereof, in the event that the Company takes any action pursuant to this Section 11(a)(iii), such action shall apply uniformly to all outstanding
Rights. 
 (b) In the event that the Company shall, at any time after the Close of Business on the Record Date and prior to the Close of
Business on the earlier of the Redemption Date or the Rights Expiration Date, fix a record date for the issuance of rights, options or warrants to all 

  

 16 








 
holders of Preferred Shares entitling them initially to subscribe for or purchase Preferred Shares (or shares having the same rights, privileges and
preferences as the Preferred Shares (“Preferred Share Equivalents”)) or securities convertible into Preferred Shares or Preferred Share Equivalents, at a price per Preferred Share or Preferred Share Equivalent (or having a conversion price
per share, if a security convertible into Preferred Shares or Preferred Share Equivalents) less than the Current Market Price per Preferred Share on such record date, then, and upon each such event, the Exercise Price to be in effect after such
record date shall be determined by multiplying the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to such record date by a fraction, the numerator of which shall be equal to the sum of the number of Preferred Shares outstanding on such record date plus
the number of Preferred Shares that the aggregate offering price of the total number of Preferred Shares and/or Preferred Share Equivalents to be so offered (and/or the aggregate initial conversion price of the convertible securities to be so
offered) would purchase at such Current Market Price, and the denominator of which shall be equal to the number of Preferred Shares outstanding on such record date plus the number of additional Preferred Shares and/or Preferred Share Equivalents to
be offered for subscription or purchase (or into which the convertible securities to be so offered are initially convertible); provided, however, that if such rights, options or warrants are not exercisable immediately upon issuance but
become exercisable only upon the occurrence of a specified event or the passage of a specified period of time, then the adjustment to the Exercise Price shall be made and become effective only upon the occurrence of such event or such passage of
time, and such adjustment shall be made as if the record date for the issuance of such rights, options or warrants had been the Business Day immediately preceding the date upon which such rights, options or warrants became exercisable. Preferred
Shares owned by or held for the account of the Company shall not be deemed outstanding for the purpose of any such computation. Such adjustment to the Exercise Price shall be made successively whenever such a record date is fixed, and in the event
that such rights or warrants are not so issued, the Exercise Price shall be adjusted to be the Exercise Price that would then be in effect if such record date had not been fixed. 
 (c) In the event that the Company shall, at any time after the Close of Business on the Record Date and prior to the Close of Business on the earlier of
the Redemption Date or the Rights Expiration Date, fix a record date for the making of a distribution to all holders of the Preferred Shares (including any such distribution made in connection with a consolidation or merger in which the Company is
the surviving corporation) of assets (other than a distribution for which an adjustment is required under Section 11(a)(i) or (b) hereof or a regular quarterly cash dividend), then the Exercise Price to be in effect after such record date
shall be determined by multiplying the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to such record date by a fraction, the numerator of which shall be equal to the excess of the Current Market Price per Preferred Share on such record date over and
above the fair market value of the portion of the securities or assets to be so distributed with respect to one Preferred Share, and the denominator of which shall be equal to such Current Market Price per Preferred Share. Such adjustments shall be
made successively whenever such a record date is fixed, and in the event that such a distribution is not so made, the Exercise Price shall be adjusted to be the Exercise Price that would then be in effect if such record date had not been fixed.

 (d) For the purpose of any computation under this Section 11, if the Preferred Shares are not publicly held or traded, the
“Current Market Price” per Preferred Share shall be conclusively deemed to be the Current Market Price per Common Share multiplied by 100. 
  

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 (e) No adjustment in the Exercise Price shall be required unless such adjustment would require an
increase or decrease of at least 1% in the then current Exercise Price; provided, however, that any adjustments that by reason of this Section 11(e) are not required to be made shall be cumulated and taken into account in any subsequent
adjustment. All calculations under this Section 11 shall be made to the nearest cent or to the nearest one-thousandth of a Common Share or other share or one-millionth of a Preferred Share, as the case may be. 
 (f) If, as a result of an adjustment made pursuant to Section 11(a) hereof, the holder of any Right shall, upon exercise thereof, be entitled to
receive any securities of the Company other than Preferred Shares, and if an event occurs in respect of such securities that, if it were to occur in respect of Preferred Shares, would require an adjustment under this Section 11 in respect of
Preferred Shares, then the number of such other securities so receivable upon exercise of any Right shall be subject to adjustment from time to time in a manner and on terms as nearly equivalent as practicable to the provisions with respect to
Preferred Shares contained in this Section 11, and the other provisions of this Agreement with respect to Preferred Shares shall apply on like terms to any such other securities. 
 (g) All Rights originally issued by the Company subsequent to any adjustment made to the Exercise Price hereunder shall represent the right to purchase,
at the adjusted Exercise Price, the number of one-hundredths of a Preferred Share purchasable from time to time hereunder upon exercise of the Rights, all subject to further adjustment as provided herein. 
 (h) Unless the Company shall have exercised its election as provided in Section 11(i) below, upon each adjustment of the Exercise Price as a result
of the calculations made in Sections 11(b) and (c) hereof, each Right outstanding immediately prior to the making of such adjustment shall thereafter represent the right to purchase, at the adjusted Exercise Price, that number of
one-hundredths of a Preferred Share (calculated to the nearest one-millionth of a Preferred Share) obtained by multiplying (i) the number of one-hundredths of a Preferred Share purchasable upon the exercise of one Right immediately prior to
such adjustment of the Exercise Price by (ii) the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to such adjustment, and dividing the product so obtained by the Exercise Price in effect immediately after such adjustment. 
 (i) The Company may elect, on or after the date of any adjustment of the Exercise Price, to adjust the number of Rights instead of making any adjustment
in the number of Preferred Shares purchasable upon the exercise of a Right. Each of the Rights outstanding after such adjustment of the number of Rights shall be exercisable for the number of one-hundredths of a Preferred Share for which a Right was
exercisable immediately prior to such adjustment. Each Right held of record prior to such adjustment of the number of Rights shall become that number of Rights (calculated to the nearest one one-thousandth of a Right) obtained by dividing the
Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to the adjustment of the Exercise Price by the Exercise Price in effect immediately after such adjustment of the Exercise Price. The Company shall make a public announcement of its election to adjust the
number of Rights pursuant to this Section 11(i), indicating the record date for the adjustment and, if known at the time, the amount of the adjustment to be made. Such record date may be the date on which the Exercise Price is adjusted or any
day thereafter, but, if separate Right Certificates have been issued, it shall be at least 10 days after the date of such public announcement. If separate Right Certificates have been issued, upon each adjustment of the number of Rights
pursuant to this Section 11(i), the 

  

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Company shall, as promptly as practicable, cause to be distributed to holders of record of Right Certificates on such record date Right Certificates
representing, subject to Section 14 hereof, the additional Rights to which such holders shall be entitled as a result of such adjustment or, at the option of the Company, cause to be distributed to such holders of record in substitution and
replacement for the Right Certificates held by such holders prior to the date of such adjustment, and upon surrender thereof if required by the Company, new Right Certificates representing all the Rights to which such holders shall be entitled after
such adjustment. Right Certificates to be so distributed shall be issued, executed and countersigned in the manner provided for herein (and may bear, at the option of the Company, the adjusted Exercise Price) and shall be registered in the names of
the holders of record of Right Certificates on the record date specified in the public announcement. 
 (j) Irrespective of any adjustment or
change in the Exercise Price or the number of one-hundredths of a Preferred Share issuable upon the exercise of one Right, the Right Certificates theretofore and thereafter issued may continue to express the Exercise Price per one one-hundredth of a
Preferred Share and the number of Preferred Shares issuable upon the exercise of one Right that were expressed in the initial Right Certificates issued hereunder. 
 (k) Before taking any action that would cause an adjustment reducing the Exercise Price below one one-hundredth of the then par value, if any, of the Preferred Shares issuable upon exercise of the Rights, the Company
shall take any corporate action that may, in the advice or opinion of its counsel, be necessary in order that the Company may validly and legally issue fully paid and nonassessable one one-hundredths of a Preferred Share at such adjusted Exercise
Price. 
 (l) In any case in which this Section 11 shall require that an adjustment in the Exercise Price be made effective as of a
record date for a specified event, the Company may elect to defer, until the occurrence of such event, the issuance to the holder of any Right exercised after such record date of the number of one-hundredths of a Preferred Share and other capital
stock or securities of the Company, if any, issuable upon such exercise over and above the number of one-hundredths of a Preferred Share and other capital stock or securities of the Company, if any, issuable upon such exercise on the basis of the
Exercise Price in effect prior to such adjustment; provided, however, that the Company shall deliver to such holder a due bill or other appropriate instrument representing such holder’s right to receive such additional shares upon the
occurrence of the event requiring such adjustment. 
 (m) Anything in this Section 11 to the contrary notwithstanding, the Company shall
be entitled to make such further adjustments in the number of one-hundredths of a Preferred Share that may be purchased upon exercise of one Right, and such further adjustments in the Exercise Price, in addition to those adjustments expressly
required by this Section 11, as and to the extent that the Company in its sole discretion shall determine to be advisable in order that any (i) consolidation or subdivision of the Preferred Shares, (ii) issuance wholly for cash of any
Preferred Shares at less than the Current Market Price thereof, (iii) issuance wholly for cash of Preferred Shares or securities that by their terms are convertible into or exchangeable for Preferred Shares, (iv) dividends on Preferred
Shares payable in Preferred Shares or (v) issuance of rights, options or warrants referred to in Section 11(b) hereof, hereafter made by the Company to holders of its Preferred Shares shall not be taxable to such stockholders. 

 

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 (n) In the event that the Company shall, at any time after the Close of Business on the Record Date and
prior to the Close of Business on the earliest of the date of the first Section 11(a)(ii) Event, the date of the first Section 13(a) Event, the Redemption Date or the Rights Expiration Date, (i) pay any dividend on the Common
Shares payable in Common Shares, (ii) subdivide the outstanding Common Shares, (iii) combine the outstanding Common Shares into a smaller number of Common Shares or (iv) issue Common Shares in a reclassification of the Common Shares
(including any such reclassification in connection with a consolidation or merger in which the Company is the continuing or surviving corporation), then, and upon each such event, the Exercise Price to be in effect after such event shall be
determined by multiplying the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to such event by a fraction, the numerator of which shall be equal to the number of Common Shares outstanding immediately prior to such event and the denominator of which shall
be equal to the number of Common Shares outstanding immediately after such event. Successive adjustments shall be made pursuant to this Section 11(n) each time such a dividend is paid or such a subdivision, combination or reclassification is
effected. If an event occurs that would require an adjustment under both this Section 11(n) and Section 11(a)(ii) hereof, the adjustment provided for in this Section 11(n) shall be in addition to, and shall be made prior to, any
adjustment required pursuant to Section 11(a)(ii) hereof. 
 Section 12. Certificate of Adjusted Exercise Price or Number of
Shares Issuable Upon Exercise of Rights. Whenever an adjustment is made as provided in Section 11 hereof, the Company shall promptly (a) prepare a certificate setting forth such adjustment and a brief statement of the facts giving rise
to such adjustment, (b) file with the Rights Agent and with each transfer agent for the securities issuable upon exercise of the Rights a copy of such certificate and (c) mail a brief summary thereof to each holder of Rights in accordance
with Section 25 hereof. Notwithstanding the foregoing sentence, the failure of the Company to make such certification or to give such notice shall not affect the validity or the force and effect of such adjustment. Any adjustment to be made
pursuant to Sections 11 or 13 hereof shall be effective as of the date of the event giving rise to such adjustment. The Rights Agent shall be fully protected in relying on any such certificate and on any adjustment therein contained, and shall
not be obligated or responsible for calculating any adjustment nor shall it be deemed to have knowledge of such an adjustment unless and until it shall have received such certificate. 
 Section 13. Consolidation, Merger or Sale or Transfer of Assets or Earning Power. (a) Any of the following events that occurs at any time on
or after a 30% Ownership Date and prior to the earlier of the Redemption Date or the Rights Expiration Date shall be deemed a “Section 13(a) Event” unless (i) the 30% Stockholder to whom such 30% Ownership Date is
attributable has commenced a Qualifying Offer prior to the tenth Business Day following such 30% Ownership Date, and (ii) either such 30% Stockholder has purchased the Common Shares tendered pursuant to such Qualifying Offer in accordance
with the terms thereof or such Qualifying Offer has expired in accordance with its terms as permitted hereunder: (1) the Company shall, directly or indirectly, consolidate with or merge with and into any other Person and the Company shall not
be the continuing or surviving corporation in such consolidation or merger, (2) any Person shall, directly or indirectly, consolidate with or merge with and into the Company and the Company shall be the continuing or surviving corporation in
such merger and, in connection with such merger, all or part of the Common Shares shall be changed into or exchanged for stock or other securities of any Person or cash or any other property, or (3) the 
  

 20 








 
Company and/or any one or more of its Subsidiaries shall, directly or indirectly, sell or otherwise transfer, in one or more transactions (other than
transactions in the ordinary course of business), assets or earning power aggregating more than 50% of the assets or earning power of the Company and its Subsidiaries (taken as a whole) to any Person or Persons other than the Company or one or more
of its wholly-owned Subsidiaries (such Persons, together with the Persons described in clauses (1) and (2) above shall be collectively referred to in this Section as the “Surviving Person”). Upon the occurrence of a
Section 13(a) Event, proper provision shall be made so that: 
 (i) except as provided in Section 7(d) hereof, each
holder of a Right shall thereafter have the right to receive, upon the exercise thereof in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and payment of the then current Exercise Price, in lieu of the securities or other property otherwise purchasable
upon such exercise, such number of validly authorized and issued, fully paid and nonassessable Common Shares of the Surviving Person (and if such Surviving Person has more than one class or series of Common Shares, such number of validly authorized
and issued, fully paid and nonassessable Common Shares of each series or class) as shall be equal to a fraction, the numerator of which is: 
 (A) if a Section 11(a)(ii) Event has not occurred prior to such Section 13(a) Event, the product of the then current Exercise Price multiplied by the number of one-hundredths of a Preferred Share purchasable
upon the exercise of one Right immediately prior to the first Section 13(a) Event (or, if the Distribution Date shall not have occurred prior to the date of such Section 13(a) Event, the number of one-hundredths of a Preferred Share
that would have been so purchasable if the Distribution Date had occurred on the Business Day immediately preceding the date of such Section 13(a) Event), or 
 (B) if a Section 11(a)(ii) Event has occurred prior to such Section 13(a) Event, the product of the Exercise Price in effect
immediately prior to such Section 11(a)(ii) Event multiplied by the number of one-hundredths of a Preferred Share purchasable upon the exercise of one Right immediately prior to such Section 11(a)(ii) Event (or, if the Distribution Date
shall not have occurred prior to the date of such Section 11(a)(ii) Event, the number of one-hundredths of a Preferred Share that would have been so purchasable if the Distribution Date had occurred on the Business Day immediately preceding the
date of such Section 11(a)(ii) Event), 
 and the denominator of which is 50% of the Current Market Price per Common Share of the
Surviving Person on the date of consummation of such Section 13(a) Event; 
 (ii) the Surviving Person shall thereafter
be liable for and shall assume, by virtue of such consolidation, merger, sale or transfer, all the obligations and duties of the Company pursuant to this Agreement; 
 (iii) the term “Company” shall thereafter be deemed to refer to the Surviving Person; and 
  

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 (iv) the Surviving Person shall take such steps (including, but not limited to, the
reservation of a sufficient number of its Common Shares in accordance with Section 9 hereof) in connection with such consummation as may be necessary to ensure that the provisions hereof shall thereafter be applicable to its Common Shares
thereafter deliverable upon the exercise of Rights. 
 (b) Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Section 13(a) Event is the sale or
transfer in one or more transactions of assets or earning power aggregating more than 50% of the assets or earning power of the Company and its Subsidiaries (taken as a whole), but less than 100% thereof, then each Person acquiring all or a portion
thereof shall assume the obligations of the Company as to a fraction of each of the Rights equal to the fraction of the assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries (taken as a whole) acquired by such Person, and the obligations of the Company as to
the remaining fraction of each of the Rights shall continue to be the obligations of the Company. 
 (c) The Company shall not consummate a
Section 13(a) Event unless prior thereto the Company and the Surviving Person shall have executed and delivered to the Rights Agent a supplemental agreement confirming that such Surviving Person shall, upon consummation of such
Section 13(a) Event, assume this Agreement in accordance with Section 13 hereof, that all rights of first refusal or preemptive rights in respect of the issuance of Common Shares of such Surviving Person upon exercise of outstanding Rights
have been waived and that such Section 13(a) Event shall not result in a default by such Surviving Person under this Agreement, and further providing that, as soon as practicable after the date of consummation of such Section 13(a) Event,
such Surviving Person shall: 
 (i) prepare and file a registration statement under the Securities Act with respect to the
Rights and the securities purchasable upon exercise of the Rights on an appropriate form, use its best efforts to cause such registration statement to become effective as soon as practicable after such filing, use its best efforts to cause such
registration statement to remain effective (with a prospectus at all times meeting the requirements of the Securities Act) until the Rights Expiration Date, and similarly comply with all applicable state securities laws; 
 (ii) use its best efforts to list (or continue the listing of) the Rights and the Common Shares of the Surviving Person purchasable upon
exercise of the Rights on a national securities exchange; and 
 (iii) deliver to holders of the Rights historical financial
statements for such Surviving Person that comply in all respects with the requirements for registration on Form 10 (or any successor form) under the Exchange Act. 
 (d) In the event that at any time after the occurrence of a Section 11(a)(ii) Event some or all of the Rights shall not have been exercised pursuant to Section 11 hereof prior to the date of a
Section 13(a) Event, such Rights shall thereafter be exercisable only in the manner described in Section 13(a) hereof. In the event that a Section 11(a)(ii) Event occurs on or after the date of a Section 13(a) Event, Rights shall
not be exercisable pursuant to Section 11 hereof but shall instead be exercisable pursuant to, and only pursuant to, this Section 13. 
  

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 (e) The provisions of this Section 13 shall apply to each successive merger, consolidation, sale or
other transfer constituting a Section 13(a) Event. 
 Section 14. Fractional Rights and Fractional Shares. 
 (a) The Company shall not be required to issue fractions of Rights or to distribute Right Certificates that represent fractional Rights. If the Company
shall determine not to issue such fractional Rights, the Company shall pay to the registered holders of the Right Certificates with respect to which such fractional Rights would otherwise be issuable, at the time such fractional Rights would
otherwise have been issued as provided herein, an amount in cash equal to the same fraction of the Current Market Price of a whole Right on the Business Day immediately prior to the date upon which such fractional Rights would otherwise have been
issuable. 
 (b) The Company shall not be required to issue fractions of Common Shares or Preferred Shares (other than fractions that are
integral multiples of one one-hundredth of a Preferred Share) upon exercise of Rights, or to distribute certificates that represent fractional Common Shares or Preferred Shares (other than fractions that are integral multiples of one one-hundredth
of a Preferred Share). Fractions of Preferred Shares in integral multiples of one one-hundredth of a Preferred Share may, at the election of the Company, be represented by depositary receipts, pursuant to an appropriate agreement between the Company
and a depositary selected by it, provided that such agreement shall provide that the holders of such depositary receipts shall have all the rights, privileges and preferences to which they are entitled as beneficial owners of Preferred Shares. If
the Company shall determine not to issue fractional Common Shares or Preferred Shares (or depositary receipts in lieu of Preferred Shares), the Company shall pay to the registered holders of Right Certificates with respect to which such fractional
Common Shares or Preferred Shares would otherwise be issuable, at the time such Rights are exercised as provided herein, an amount in cash equal to the same fraction of the Current Market Price of a whole Common Share or Preferred Share, as the case
may be. For purposes of this Section 14(b), the Current Market Price of a whole Common Share or Preferred Share shall be the Closing Price per share for the Trading Day immediately prior to the date of such exercise. 
 (c) The holder of a Right, by the acceptance of such Right, expressly waives such holder’s right to receive any fractional Rights or any fractional
Common Shares or Preferred Shares upon exercise of such Right, except as permitted by this Section 14. 
 Section 15. Rights of
Action. All rights of action in respect of this Agreement, except the rights of action given to the Rights Agent under Section 18 hereof, are vested in the respective registered holders of the Right Certificates and certificates for Common
Shares representing Rights, and any registered holder of any Right Certificate or of such certificate for Common Shares, without the consent of the Rights Agent or of the holder of any other Right Certificate or any other certificate for Common
Shares may, in such holder’s own behalf and for such holder’s own benefit, enforce, and may institute and maintain any suit, action or proceeding against the Company to enforce, or otherwise act in respect of, such holder’s right to
exercise the Rights represented by such Right Certificate or by such certificate for Common Shares in the manner provided in such Certificate and in this Agreement. Without limiting the foregoing or 
  

 23 








 
any remedies available to the holders of Rights, it is specifically acknowledged that the holders of Rights would not have an adequate remedy at law for any
breach of this Agreement and shall be entitled to specific performance, and injunctive relief against actual or threatened violations, of the obligations of any Person under this Agreement. 
 Section 16. Agreement of Right Holders. Every holder of a Right, by accepting the same, consents and agrees with the Company and the Rights
Agent and every other holder of a Right that: 
 (a) prior to the Distribution Date, the Rights shall be represented by certificates for
Common Shares registered in the name of the holders of such Common Shares (which certificates for Common Shares shall also constitute Right Certificates), and each such Right shall be transferable only in connection with the transfer of such Common
Shares; 
 (b) after the Distribution Date, the Right Certificates shall only be transferable on the registry books of the Rights Agent if
surrendered at the principal office of the Rights Agent, duly endorsed or accompanied by a proper instrument of transfer; and 
 (c) the
Company and the Rights Agent may deem and treat the person in whose name the Right Certificate is registered as the absolute owner thereof and of the Rights represented thereby (notwithstanding any notations of ownership or writing on the Right
Certificate by anyone other than the Company or the Rights Agent) for all purposes whatsoever, and neither the Company nor the Rights Agent shall be affected by any notice to the contrary. 
 Section 17. Right Holder and Right Certificate Holder Not Deemed a Stockholder. 
 No holder, as such, of any Right or Right Certificate shall be entitled to vote, receive dividends or be deemed for any purpose the holder of the
securities of the Company that may at any time be issuable upon the exercise of the Rights represented thereby, nor shall anything contained herein or in any Right Certificate be construed to confer upon the holder of any Right or Right Certificate,
as such, any of the rights of a stockholder of the Company or any right to vote for the election of directors or upon any matter submitted to stockholders at any meeting thereof, to give or withhold consent to any corporate action, to receive notice
of meetings or other actions affecting stockholders (except as provided in Section 25 hereof), or to receive dividends or subscription rights, or otherwise, in each case until such Right or the Rights represented by such Right Certificate shall
have been exercised in accordance with the provisions hereof. 
 Section 18. Concerning the Rights Agent. 
 (a) The Company agrees to pay to the Rights Agent reasonable compensation for all services rendered by it hereunder and, from time to time, on demand of
the Rights Agent, its reasonable expenses (including, without limitation, those resulting from claims for special, indirect or consequential losses or damages) and counsel fees and disbursements and other disbursements incurred in the administration
and execution of this Agreement and the exercise and performance of its duties hereunder. The Company also agrees to indemnify the Rights Agent for, and to hold it harmless against, any loss, liability, or expense, incurred without gross negligence,
or willful misconduct on the part of the Rights Agent, for anything done or omitted 

  

 24 








 
by the Rights Agent in connection with the acceptance and administration of this Agreement, including the costs and expenses of defending against any claim
of liability. The costs and expenses of enforcing this right of indemnification shall also be paid by the Company. The indemnification provided for hereunder shall survive the expiration of the Rights and the termination of this Agreement.

 (b) The Rights Agent may conclusively rely upon and shall be protected and shall incur no liability for or in respect of any action taken,
suffered or omitted by it in connection with its administration of this Agreement in reliance upon any Right Certificate or certificate for Preferred Shares or Common Shares or for other securities of the Company, instrument of assignment or
transfer, power of attorney, endorsement, affidavit, letter, notice, direction, consent, certificate, statement or other paper or document believed by it to be genuine and to be signed, executed and, where necessary, verified or acknowledged, by the
proper person or persons, or otherwise upon the advice of its counsel as set forth in Section 20 hereof. 
 (c) Notwithstanding anything
in this Agreement to the contrary, in no event shall the Rights Agent be liable for special, indirect or consequential loss or damage of any kind whatsoever (including but not limited to lost profits), even if the Rights Agent has been advised of
the likelihood of such loss or damage and regardless of the form of the action. 
 Section 19. Merger or Consolidation or Change of
Name of Rights Agent. 
 (a) Any corporation into which the Rights Agent or any successor Rights Agent may be merged or with which it may
be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger or consolidation to which the Rights Agent or any successor Rights Agent shall be a party, or any corporation succeeding to the corporate trust or stock transfer business of the Rights
Agent or any successor Rights Agent, shall be the successor to the Rights Agent under this Agreement without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of any of the parties hereto, provided that such corporation would be
eligible for appointment as a successor Rights Agent under the provisions of Section 21 hereof. If, at the time such successor Rights Agent shall succeed to the agency created by this Agreement, any of the Right Certificates shall have been
countersigned but not delivered, any such successor Rights Agent may adopt the countersignature of the predecessor Rights Agent and deliver such Right Certificates so countersigned; and if at that time any of the Right Certificates shall not have
been countersigned, any successor Rights Agent may countersign such Right Certificates either in the name of the predecessor Rights Agent or in the name of the successor Rights Agent; and in all such cases such Right Certificates shall have the full
force provided in such Right Certificate and in this Agreement. 
 (b) If at any time the name of the Rights Agent shall be changed, and at
such time any of the Right Certificates shall have been countersigned but not delivered, the Rights Agent may adopt the countersignature under its prior name and deliver Right Certificates so countersigned; and if at that time any of the Right
Certificates shall not have been countersigned, the Rights Agent may countersign such Right Certificates either in its prior name or in its changed name; and in all such cases such Right Certificates shall have the full force provided in such Right
Certificate and in this Agreement. 
  

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 Section 20. Duties of Rights Agent. 
 The Rights Agent undertakes the duties and obligations imposed by this Agreement (and no implied duties or obligations shall be read into this Agreement
against the Rights Agent) upon the following terms and conditions, by all of which the Company and the holders of Right Certificates, by their acceptance of the Rights, shall be bound: 
 (a) Before the Rights Agent acts or refrains from acting, it may consult with legal counsel (who may be legal counsel for the Rights Agent or the
Company), and the advice or opinion of such counsel shall be full and complete authorization and protection to the Rights Agent as to any action taken or omitted by it in good faith and in accordance with such advice or opinion. 
 (b) Whenever in the performance of its duties under this Agreement the Rights Agent shall deem it necessary or desirable that any fact or matter be
proved or established by the Company prior to taking or suffering any action hereunder, such fact or matter (unless other evidence in respect thereof be herein specifically prescribed) may be deemed to be conclusively proved and established by a
certificate signed by any one of the Chairman of the Board, the Vice Chairman of the Board, the President, any Vice President, the Treasurer, the Secretary or any Assistant Secretary of the Company and delivered to the Rights Agent; and such
certificate shall be full authorization to the Rights Agent for any action taken or suffered in good faith by it under the provisions of this Agreement in reliance upon such certificate. 
 (c) The Rights Agent shall be liable hereunder to the Company and any other Person only for its own gross negligence, or willful misconduct; provided,
however that in no event shall the Rights Agent be liable for special, indirect or consequential loss or damages of any kind whatsoever. 
 (d) The Rights Agent shall not be liable for or by reason of any of the statements of fact or recitals contained in this Agreement, or in the Right Certificates (except its countersignature thereof), or be required to verify the same, but
all such statements and recitals are and shall be deemed to have been made by the Company only. 
 (e) The Rights Agent shall not be under
any responsibility in respect of the validity of this Agreement or the execution and delivery hereof (except the due authorization, execution and delivery hereof by the Rights Agent) or in respect of the validity or execution of any Right
Certificate (except its countersignature thereof); nor shall it be responsible for any breach by the Company of any covenant or condition contained in this Agreement or in any Right Certificate; nor shall it be responsible for any change in the
exercisability of the Rights (including any Rights becoming null and void pursuant to Section 7(d) hereof) or any adjustment in the terms of the Rights (including the manner, method or amount thereof) provided for in Sections 7, 11, 13 and
23 hereof, or the ascertaining of the existence of facts that would require any such change or adjustment (except with respect to the exercise of Rights represented by Right Certificates after actual notice that such change or adjustment is
required); nor shall it by any act hereunder be deemed to make any representation or warranty as to the authorization or reservation of any Preferred Shares or Common Shares or other securities to be issued pursuant to this Agreement 

  

 26 








 
or any Right Certificate, or as to whether any Preferred Shares or Common Shares or other securities will, when issued, be validly authorized and issued,
fully paid and nonassessable. 
 (f) The Company agrees that it will perform, execute, acknowledge and deliver or cause to be performed,
executed, acknowledged and delivered all such further and other acts, instruments and assurances as may reasonably be required by the Rights Agent for the carrying out or performing by the Rights Agent of the provisions of this Agreement.

 (g) The Rights Agent is hereby authorized and directed to accept instructions with respect to the performance of its duties hereunder from
any one of the Chairman of the Board, the Vice Chairman, the President, any Vice President, the Chief Financial Officer, the Secretary or the Treasurer of the Company, and to apply to such officers for advice or instructions in connection with its
duties, and it shall not be liable for any action taken or suffered to be taken by it in good faith in accordance with instructions of any such officer or for any delay in acting while waiting for those instructions. Any application by the Rights
Agent for written instructions from the Company may, at the option of the Rights Agent, set forth in writing any action proposed to be taken or omitted by the Rights Agent under this Agreement and the date on or after which such action shall be
taken or such omission shall be effective. The Rights Agent shall not be liable for any action taken by, or omission of, the Rights Agent in accordance with a proposal included in any such application on or after the date specified in such
application (which date shall not be less than ten Business Days after the date any officer of the Company actually receives such application, unless any such officer shall have consented in writing to an earlier date) unless, prior to taking any
such action (or the effective date in the case of an omission), the Rights Agent shall have received written instructions from the Company in response to such application to the contrary. 
 (h) The Rights Agent and any stockholder, director, officer or employee of the Rights Agent may buy, sell or deal in any of the Rights or other
securities of the Company or become pecuniarily interested in any transaction in which the Company may be interested, or contract with or lend money to the Company or otherwise act as fully and freely as though it were not the Rights Agent under
this Agreement. Nothing herein shall preclude the Rights Agent from acting in any other capacity for the Company or for any other legal entity. 
 (i) The Rights Agent may execute and exercise any of the rights or powers hereby vested in it or perform any duty hereunder either itself or by or through its attorneys or agents, and the Rights Agent shall not be answerable or accountable
for any act, default, neglect or misconduct of any such attorneys or agents or for any loss to the Company resulting from any such act, default, neglect or misconduct, provided that reasonable care was exercised in the selection and continued
employment thereof. 
 (j) No provision of this Agreement shall require the Rights Agent to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur
any financial liability in the performance of any of its duties hereunder or in the exercise of its rights if there shall be reasonable grounds for believing that repayment of such funds or adequate indemnification against such risk or liability is
not reasonably assured to it. 
  

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 (k) The Rights Agent shall not be required to take notice or be deemed to have notice of any fact, event
or determination (including, without limitation, any dates or events defined in this Agreement or the designation of any Person as a 30% Stockholder, Affiliate or Associate) under this Agreement unless and until the Rights Agent shall be
specifically notified in writing by the Company of such fact, event or determination. 
 (l) If, with respect to any Rights Certificate
surrendered to the Rights Agent for exercise or transfer, the certificate attached to the form of assignment or form of election to purchase, as the case may be, has not been completed, the Rights Agent shall not take any further action with respect
to such requested exercise or transfer without first consulting with the Company. 
 Section 21. Change of Rights Agent. The
Rights Agent or any successor Rights Agent may resign and be discharged from its duties under this Agreement upon 30-days’ notice in writing mailed to the Company and to each transfer agent of the Common Shares and Preferred Shares by
registered or certified mail, and, at the expense of the Company to the holders of the Right Certificates by first-class mail. The Company may remove the Rights Agent or any successor Rights Agent upon 30-days’ notice in writing, mailed to the
Rights Agent or successor Rights Agent, as the case may be, and to each transfer agent of the Common Shares and Preferred Shares by registered or certified mail, and to the holders of the Right Certificates by first-class mail. If the Rights Agent
shall resign or be removed or shall otherwise become incapable of acting as such, the Company shall appoint a successor to the Rights Agent. If the Company shall fail to make such appointment within a period of 30 days after giving notice of
such removal or after it has been notified in writing of such resignation or incapacity by the resigning or incapacitated Rights Agent or by the holder of a Right Certificate (who shall, with such notice, submit such holder’s Right Certificate
for inspection by the Company), then the Company shall become the Rights Agent and the registered holder of any Right Certificate may apply to any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a new Rights Agent. Any successor Rights Agent,
whether appointed by the Company or by such a court, shall be (a) a corporation organized and doing business under the laws of the United States or any state of the United States, in good standing, having a principal office in the State of New
York, that is authorized under such laws to exercise corporate trust or stock transfer powers and is subject to supervision or examination by federal or state authority and that has at the time of its appointment as Rights Agent a combined capital
and surplus of at least $50,000,000 or (b) an affiliate of a legal business entity described in clause (a) of this sentence. After appointment, the successor Rights Agent shall be vested with the same powers, rights, duties and
responsibilities as if it had been originally named as Rights Agent without further act or deed; but the predecessor Rights Agent shall deliver and transfer to the successor Rights Agent any property at the time held by it hereunder, and execute and
deliver any further assurance, conveyance, act or deed necessary for the purpose of this Agreement and so that the successor Rights Agent may appropriately act as Rights Agent hereunder. Not later than the effective date of any such appointment, the
Company shall file notice thereof in writing with the predecessor Rights Agent and each transfer agent of the Common Shares and Preferred Shares, and mail a notice thereof in writing to the registered holders of the Right Certificates. Failure to
give any notice provided for in this Section 21, however, or any defect therein, shall not affect the legality or validity of the resignation or removal of the Rights Agent or the appointment of the successor Rights Agent, as the case may be.

  

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 Section 22. Issuance of New Right Certificates. Notwithstanding any of the provisions of this
Agreement or of the Right Certificates to the contrary, the Company may, at its option, issue new Right Certificates in such form as may be approved by the Board of Directors in order to reflect any adjustment or change in the Exercise Price and the
number or kind or class of shares or other securities or property purchasable upon exercise of the Rights in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement. 
 Section 23. Redemption of Rights. (a) Until the earliest of (i) the date of the first Section 11(a)(ii) Event, (ii) the date of the first Section 13(a) Event or (iii) the Rights
Expiration Date, the Board of Directors of the Company may, at its option, authorize and direct the redemption of all, but not less than all, of the then outstanding Rights at a redemption price of $0.001 per Right, as such redemption price shall be
appropriately adjusted to reflect any stock split, stock dividend or similar transaction occurring after the date hereof (the “Redemption Price”), and the Company shall so redeem the Rights. 
 (b) Immediately upon the action of the Board of Directors of the Company authorizing and directing the redemption of the Rights pursuant to
subsection (a) of this Section 23, or at such time and date thereafter as it may specify, and without any further action and without any notice, the right to exercise Rights shall terminate and the only right thereafter of the holders of
Rights shall be to receive the Redemption Price. Within ten (10) Business Days after the date of such action, the Company shall give notice of such redemption to the holders of Rights by mailing such notice to all holders of Rights at
their last addresses as they appear upon the registry books of the Rights Agent or, if prior to the Distribution Date, on the registry books of the transfer agent for the Common Shares. Any notice that is mailed in the manner herein provided shall
be deemed given, whether or not the holder receives such notice, but neither the failure to give any such notice nor any defect therein shall affect the legality or validity of such redemption. Each such notice of redemption shall state the method
by which the payment of the Redemption Price will be made. Neither the Company nor any of its Affiliates or Associates may, directly or indirectly, redeem, acquire or purchase for value any Rights in any manner other than that specifically set forth
in Section 24 hereof or in this Section 23, or in connection with the purchase of Common Shares prior to the earlier of the date of the first Section 11(a)(ii) Event or the date of the first Section 13(a) Event. 
 (c) The Company may, at its option, pay the Redemption Price in cash, Common Shares, Preferred Shares, other equity securities of the Company, debt
securities of the Company, other property or any combination of the foregoing, in each case having an aggregate Current Market Price on the Redemption Date equal to the Redemption Price. 
 (d) The Board of Directors of the Company shall establish a Rights Plan Committee comprised solely of independent directors (within the meaning of the
rules of the American Stock Exchange) that shall review this Agreement in order to consider whether the maintenance of this Agreement continues to be in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders. The committee shall conduct such review
periodically when, as and in such manner as the committee deems appropriate, after giving due regard to all relevant circumstances; provided, however, that the committee shall take such action at least once every three years. Following each
such review, the committee will report its conclusions to the Board of Directors, including any recommendation in light thereof as to whether this Agreement should be modified or terminated or the Rights redeemed. 
  

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 Section 24. Exchange of Rights. 
 (a) At any time during the period of 180 days after a Section 11(a)(ii) Event, the Board of Directors of the Company may, at its option, authorize
and direct the exchange of all, but not less than all, of the then outstanding Rights for Common Shares, one one-hundredths of Preferred Shares, debt securities of the Company, other property, or any combination of the foregoing, in each case having
an aggregate Current Market Price equal to the result obtained by (i) multiplying the Current Market Price per Common Share on the record date for such exchange by the number of Common Shares for which a Right is exercisable on such record date
and (ii) subtracting from such product the Exercise Price on such Record Date (the “Exchange Ratio”), and the Company shall so exchange the Rights. 
 (b) Immediately upon the action of the Board of Directors of the Company authorizing and directing the exchange of the Rights pursuant to subsection (a) of this Section 24, or at such time and date
thereafter as it may specify, and without any further action and without any notice, the right to exercise Rights shall terminate and the only right thereafter of the holders of Rights shall be to receive the securities described in
Section 24(a) in accordance with the Exchange Ratio. Within ten (10) Business Days after the date of such action, the Company shall give notice of such exchange to the holders of Rights by mailing such notice to all holders of Rights at
their last addresses as they appear upon the registry books of the Rights Agent or, if prior to the Distribution Date, on the registry books of the transfer agent for the Common Shares. Any notice that is mailed in the manner herein provided shall
be deemed given, whether or not the holder receives such notice, but neither the failure to give any such notice nor any defect therein shall affect the legality or validity of such exchange. Each such notice of exchange shall state the method by
which the Rights will be exchanged. 
 (c) Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that the aggregate number of Common Shares that are
authorized by the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation, as amended from time to time, but not outstanding or reserved for issuance for purposes other than upon exercise or exchange of the Rights is less than the aggregate number of Common
Shares issuable upon the exchange of the Rights in accordance with this Section 24 (the excess of such number of authorized Common Shares over and above such number of issuable Common Shares being hereinafter referred to as the
“Unavailable Exchange Shares”), then the Company shall substitute for the pro rata portion of the Unavailable Exchange Shares that would otherwise be issuable upon the exchange of the Rights in accordance with this Section 24
(i) cash, (ii) other equity securities of the Company (including, without limitation, Common Share Equivalents), (iii) debt securities of the Company, (iv) other property or (v) any combination of the foregoing, in each case
having an aggregate Current Market Price equal to the aggregate Current Market Price of the Unavailable Exchange Shares for which substitution is made. Subject to Section 7(d) hereof, in the event that the Company takes any action pursuant to
this Section 24, such action shall apply uniformly to all outstanding Rights. 
  

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 Section 25. Notice of Certain Events. 
 (a) In the event that the Company shall propose (i) to declare or pay any dividend on or make any distribution with respect to its Common Shares or
Preferred Shares (other than a regular quarterly cash dividend), (ii) to offer to the holders of its Common Shares or Preferred Shares options, rights or warrants to subscribe for or to purchase any additional shares thereof or shares of stock
of any class or any other securities, rights or options, (iii) to effect any reclassification of its Common Shares or Preferred Shares (other than a reclassification involving only the subdivision of outstanding shares), (iv) to effect any
consolidation or merger with or into, or to effect any sale or other transfer (or to permit one or more of its Subsidiaries to effect any sale or other transfer), in one or more transactions, of more than 50% of the assets or earning power of the
Company and its Subsidiaries (taken as a whole) to, any other Person or Persons, or (v) to effect the liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, then and in each such case, the Company shall give to each holder of a Right
Certificate, in accordance with Section 26 hereof, a notice of such proposed action that shall specify the record date for the purpose of such dividend or distribution, or the date upon which such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale,
transfer, liquidation, dissolution or winding up is to take place and the date of participation therein by the holders of record of the Common Shares or Preferred Shares, if any such date is to be fixed, and such notice shall be so given in the case
of any action covered by clause (i) or (ii) above at least 20 days prior to the record date for determining holders of the Common Shares or Preferred Shares for purposes of such action, and in the case of any such other action, at
least 20 days prior to the date of the taking of such proposed action or the date of participation therein by the holders of the Common Shares or Preferred Shares, whichever date shall be the earlier. The failure to give the notice required by
this Section 25 or any defect therein shall not affect the legality or validity of the action taken by the Company or the vote upon any such action. 
 (b) Upon the occurrence of each Section 11(a)(ii) Event and each Section 13(a) Event, the Company shall as soon as practicable thereafter give to each holder of a Right Certificate, in accordance with
Section 26 hereof, a notice of the occurrence of such event, specifying the event and the consequences of the event to holders of Rights under Sections 11 and 13 hereof. 
 Section 26. Notices. Notices or demands authorized by this Agreement to be given or made by the Rights Agent or by the holder of any Right
Certificate to or on the Company shall be sufficiently given or made if sent by first-class mail, postage prepaid, addressed (until another address is filed in writing with the Rights Agent) as follows: 
 SPARK NETWORKS, INC. 
 8383 Wilshire Blvd.,
Suite 800 
 Beverly Hills, CA 90211 
 Attention: Secretary 
 Subject to the provisions of Section 21 hereof, any notice or demand authorized by this Agreement to be given or made
to or on the Rights Agent (i) by the Company shall be sufficiently given or made if sent, postage prepaid, by registered or certified mail, addressed to the principal office of the Rights Agent as set forth below (until another address is filed
in 

  

 31 








 
writing with the Company) or (ii) by the holder of any Right Certificate shall be sufficiently given or made if sent by first-class mail, postage
prepaid, addressed to the principal office of the Rights Agent as set forth below (until another address is filed in writing with the Company), and shall be deemed given upon actual receipt. The Company hereby agrees that it shall encourage the
holders of the Right Certificates, in any and all writings to such holders regarding the Rights or this Agreement, to give or make any notice or demand authorized by this Agreement by registered or certified mail, addressed to the principal office
of the Rights Agent as follows (until another address is filed in writing with the Company): 
 THE BANK OF NEW YORK 
 101 Barclay Street, 11 East 
 New York, New
York 10286 
 Attention: Stock Transfer Division 
 Notices or demands authorized by this Agreement to be given or made by the Company or the Rights Agent to the holder of any Right Certificate shall be sufficiently given or made if sent by first-class mail, postage prepaid, addressed to
such holder at the address of such holder as shown on the registry books of the Company. 
 Section 27. Supplements and
Amendments. 
 (a) The Board of Directors of the Company may, from time to time, without the approval of any holders of Rights,
supplement or amend any provision of this Agreement in any manner, whether or not such supplement or amendment is adverse to any holder of Rights, and direct the Rights Agent so to supplement or amend such provision, and the Rights Agent shall so
supplement or amend such provision; provided, however, that from and after the earliest of (i) the date of the first Section 11(a)(ii) Event, (ii) the date of the first Section 13(a) Event, (iii) the Redemption Date
or (iv) the Expiration Date, this Agreement shall not be supplemented or amended in any manner that would materially and adversely affect any holder of outstanding Rights other than a 30% Stockholder or a Surviving Person. 
 (b) From and after the earlier of the date of the first Section 11(a)(ii) Event or the date of the first Section 13(a) Event and prior to the
Rights Expiration Date, the Company shall not effect any amendment to the Certificate of Designations for the Preferred Shares that would materially and adversely affect the rights, privileges or preferences of the Preferred Shares without the prior
approval of the holders of two-thirds or more of the then outstanding Rights. Upon delivery of a certificate from an appropriate officer of the Company that states that the proposed supplement or amendment is in compliance with the terms of this
Section 27, the Rights Agent shall execute such supplement or amendment. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, no supplement or amendment that changes the rights and duties of the Rights Agent under this Agreement in any
manner adverse to the Rights Agent will be effective against the Rights Agent without the execution of such supplement or amendment by the Rights Agent. 
 Section 28. Certain Covenants. Subject to Section 27 hereof and the other provisions of this Agreement, from and after the earlier of the date of the first Section 11(a)(ii) Event or the date of
the first Section 13(a) Event and prior to the earlier of the Redemption Date or the Rights 

  

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Expiration Date, the Company shall not (a) issue or sell, or permit any Subsidiary to issue or sell, to a 30% Stockholder or a Surviving Person, or
any Affiliate or Associate of a 30% Stockholder or a Surviving Person, or any Person holding Voting Shares of the Company that are Beneficially Owned by a 30% Stockholder or a Surviving Person, (i) any rights, options, warrants or
convertible securities on terms similar to, or that materially adversely affect the value of, the Rights or (ii) Preferred Shares, Common Shares or shares of any other class of capital stock, if such sale is intended to or would materially
adversely affect the value of the Rights, or (b) take any other action that is intended to or would materially adversely affect the value of the Rights. 
 Section 29. Successors; Assignment. All the covenants and provisions of this Agreement by or for the benefit of the Company or the Rights Agent shall bind and inure to the benefit of their respective
successors and assigns hereunder. This Agreement shall extend to and shall be binding upon the parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns; provided, however, that this Agreement shall not be assignable by either party with prior
written consent of the other party; and provided, further, that (a) the foregoing proviso shall not apply to assignments by the Rights Agent to an affiliate or subsidiary of the Rights Agent and (b) any reorganization, merger,
consolidation, sale of assets or other form of business combination by the Rights Agent shall not be deemed to constitute an assignment of this Agreement. 
 Section 30. Benefits of this Agreement. Nothing in this Agreement shall be construed to give to any Person other than the Company, the Rights Agent and the registered holders of the Right Certificates
(other than those representing Rights that have become null and void) and the certificates for Common Shares representing Rights (other than those Rights that have become null and void) any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under this
Agreement, and this Agreement shall be for the sole and exclusive benefit of the Company, the Rights Agent and such registered holders of Right Certificates and certificates for Common Shares representing Rights. 
 Section 31. Severability. If any term, provision, covenant or restriction of this Agreement is held by a court of competent jurisdiction or
other authority to be invalid, void or unenforceable, the remainder of the terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions of this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect and shall in no way be affected, impaired or invalidated. 
 Section 32. Governing Law. 
 This Agreement and each Right Certificate issued hereunder shall be deemed to be a contract made under the laws of the State of Delaware and for all purposes shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of such state
applicable to contracts made and performed entirely within such state; provided, however, that the rights, obligations and duties of the Rights Agent hereunder shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York.

  

 33 








 Section 33. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts and
each such counterpart shall for all purposes be deemed to be an original and all such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same instrument. 
 Section 34. Descriptive Headings. Descriptive headings of the several sections of this Agreement are inserted for convenience only and shall not control or affect the meaning or construction of any of the
provisions hereof. 
  

 34 








 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed as of the day and
year first above written. 
  

									
	Attest:	 		 	SPARK NETWORKS, INC.
					
	By:	 	/s/ Joshua A Kreinberg	 		 	By:	 	/s/ Mark G. Thompson
		 	 Name: Joshua A. Kreinberg
 Title: General Counsel &
Corporate Secretary
	 		 		 	 Name: Mark G. Thompson
 Title: Chief Financial
Officer

			
	Attest:	 		 	THE BANK OF NEW YORK, as Rights Agent
					
	By:	 	/s/ Kieran McGovern	 		 	By:	 	/s/ Steven Myers
		 	 Name: Kieran McGovern
 Title:
Administrator
	 		 		 	 Name: Steven Myers
 Title: Vice
President


  

 35 








 EXHIBIT A 
 Form of Right Certificate 
  

			
	Certificate No. ____________	  	____________ Rights

 NOT EXERCISABLE AFTER THE LATER OF JULY 9, 2017 OR THE TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE DISTRIBUTION DATE
(AS THAT TERM IS DEFINED IN THE RIGHTS AGREEMENT) OR EARLIER IF REDEEMED. THE RIGHTS ARE SUBJECT TO REDEMPTION AT $0.001 PER RIGHT ON THE TERMS SET FORTH IN THE RIGHTS AGREEMENT. UNDER CERTAIN CIRCUMSTANCES, RIGHTS BENEFICIALLY OWNED BY A
30% STOCKHOLDER OR AN AFFILIATE OR ASSOCIATE OF A 30% STOCKHOLDER (AS SUCH TERMS ARE DEFINED IN THE RIGHTS AGREEMENT AND AS THOSE CIRCUMSTANCES ARE SPECIFIED IN THE RIGHTS AGREEMENT) OR ANY SUBSEQUENT HOLDER OF SUCH RIGHTS MAY BECOME NULL
AND VOID. [THE RIGHTS REPRESENTED BY THIS RIGHT CERTIFICATE WERE ISSUED TO A PERSON WHO WAS A 30% STOCKHOLDER OR AN AFFILIATE OR ASSOCIATE OF A 30% STOCKHOLDER. THIS RIGHT CERTIFICATE AND THE RIGHTS REPRESENTED HEREBY MAY BECOME VOID IN
THE CIRCUMSTANCES SPECIFIED IN THE RIGHTS AGREEMENT.]* 
 Right Certificate 
 SPARK NETWORKS, INC. 


	*	That portion of the legend in brackets shall be inserted only if applicable and shall replace the preceding sentence. 








 This certifies that _______________________, or registered assigns, is the registered owner of the number of Rights set
forth above, each of which entitles the owner thereof, subject to the terms, provisions and conditions of the Rights Agreement dated as of July 9, 2007 (the “Rights Agreement”) between SPARK NETWORKS, INC. , a Delaware corporation
(the “Company”), and THE BANK OF NEW YORK, a banking corporation organized under the laws of the State of New York (the “Rights Agent”), to purchase from the Company at any time after the Distribution Date (as such term is
defined in the Rights Agreement) and prior to 5:00 P.M., New York time, on the later of July 9, 2017 or the tenth anniversary of the Distribution Date at the office or agency of the Rights Agent at 101 Barclay Street, 11 East New York, New York
10286, Attention: Stock Transfer Division or at the office of its successors as Rights Agent, one one-hundredth of a fully paid non-assessable share of Series C Junior Participating Cumulative Preferred Stock, $0.001 par value (the “Preferred
Shares”), of the Company, at an exercise price of $100.00 per Right (the “Exercise Price”), upon presentation and surrender of this Right Certificate with the Form of Election to Purchase duly executed. The number of Rights evidenced
by this Right Certificate (and the number of Preferred Shares that may be purchased upon exercise thereof) set forth above, and the Exercise Price per share set forth above, are the number and Exercise Price as of July 9 2007, based on the
Preferred Shares as constituted at such date. 
 As provided in the Rights Agreement, the Exercise Price and the number of Preferred Shares
that may be purchased upon the exercise of the Rights evidenced by this Right Certificate are subject to modification and adjustment upon the happening of certain events. This Right Certificate is subject to all of the terms, provisions and
conditions of the Rights Agreement, which terms, provisions and conditions are hereby incorporated herein by reference and made a part hereof and to which Rights Agreement reference is hereby made for a full description of the rights, limitations of
rights, obligations, duties and immunities hereunder of the Rights Agent, the Company and the holders of the Rights Certificates. Copies of the Rights Agreement are on file at the principal executive offices of SPARK NETWORKS, INC. and the
above-mentioned offices of the Rights Agent. This Right Certificate, with or without other Right Certificates, upon surrender at the office or agency of the Rights Agent at 101 Barclay Street, 11 East New York, New York 10286, Attention: Stock
Transfer Division, may be exchanged for another Right Certificate or Right Certificates of like tenor and date evidencing Rights entitling the holder to purchase a like aggregate number of Preferred Shares as the Rights evidenced by the Right
Certificate or Right Certificates surrendered shall have entitled such holder to purchase. If this Right Certificate shall be exercised in part, the holder shall be entitled to receive upon surrender hereof another Right Certificate or Right
Certificates for the number of whole Rights not exercised. Subject to the provisions of the Rights Agreement, the Rights evidenced by this Certificate may, but are not required to, be redeemed by the Company at a redemption price of $0.001 per
Right. 
 No fractional Preferred Shares will be issued upon the exercise of any Right or Rights evidenced hereby (other than fractions that
are integral multiples of one one-hundredth of a Preferred Share, which may, at the election of the Company, be evidenced by depositary receipts), but in lieu thereof, a cash payment will be made, as provided in the Rights Agreement. 
 No holder of this Right Certificate shall be entitled to vote or receive dividends or be deemed for any purpose the holder of the Preferred Shares or of
any other securities of the 

  

 2 








 
Company that may at any time be issuable on the exercise hereof, nor shall anything contained in the Rights Agreement or herein be construed to confer upon
the holder hereof, as such, any of the rights of a stockholder of the Company or any right to vote for the election of directors or upon any matter submitted to stockholders at any meeting thereof, or to give or withhold consent to any corporate
action, or to receive notice of meetings or other actions affecting stockholders (except as provided in the Rights Agreement), or to receive dividends or subscription rights, or otherwise, until the Right or Rights evidenced by this Right
Certificate shall have been exercised as provided in the Rights Agreement. 
 This Right Certificate shall not be valid or obligatory for any
purpose until it shall have been countersigned by the Rights Agent. 
 WITNESS the facsimile signature of the proper officers of the Company.
Dated as of _______________. 
  

					
	ATTEST:	 		 	SPARK NETWORKS, INC.
			
	   	 		 	   
	Secretary	 		 	President

  

			
	Countersigned:
	
	 THE BANK OF NEW YORK,
 as Rights
Agent

		
	By:	 	  
	Title:	 	  

  

 3 








 Form of Reverse Side of Right Certificate 
 FORM OF ASSIGNMENT 
 (To be executed by the registered holder if such 

holder desires to transfer the Right Certificate.) 
 FOR VALUE RECEIVED _______________________________________ hereby sells, assigns and transfers unto ___________________________________________________ 
  

 (Please print name and address of transferee) 
  

 this Right Certificate, together with all right,
title and interest therein, and does hereby irrevocably constitute and appoint ___________________________ Attorney, to transfer the within Right Certificate on the books of the within-named Company, with full power of substitution. 
  

					
	Dated: ____________________, ____	 		 	
			
	 	 		 	   
		 		 	Signature

 Signature Guaranteed: 
 Signatures must be guaranteed by a member firm of a registered national securities exchange, a member of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. or a commercial bank or trust company having an office or
correspondent in the United States. 
 The undersigned hereby certifies that the Rights evidenced by this Right Certificate are not Beneficially Owned by a
30% Stockholder or an Affiliate or Associate thereof (as defined in the Rights Agreement). 
  

	
	  
	Signature
	
	(Signature must conform in all respects to name of holder as specified on the face of this Right Certificate in every particular, without alteration or enlargement or any change
whatsoever)


  

 4 








 Form of Reverse Side of Right Certificate — continued 
 FORM OF ELECTION TO PURCHASE 
 (To be
executed if holder desires to 
 exercise the Right Certificate.) 
 TO SPARK NETWORKS, INC. 
 The undersigned hereby irrevocably elects to exercise ___________________ Rights
represented by this Right Certificate to purchase the Preferred Shares or other securities issuable upon the exercise of such Rights and requests that certificates for such Preferred Shares or other securities be issued in the following name:

 (please print name, address and social security, 
 tax identification or other identifying number: 
 _____________________________________________ 
 _____________________________________________ 
 _____________________________________________ 
 _____________________________________________ 
 If such number of Rights shall not be all the Rights evidenced by this Right Certificate, a new Right Certificate for the balance remaining of such Rights shall be
registered in the name of and delivered to: 
 (please print name, address and social security, 
 tax identification or other identifying number: 
 _____________________________________________ 
 _____________________________________________ 
 _____________________________________________ 
 _____________________________________________ 
 Dated: _________________ 
  

	
	   
	Signature
	
	(Signature must conform in all respects to name of holder as specified on the face of this Right Certificate in every particular, without alteration or enlargement or any change
whatsoever)


  

 5 








 Form of Reverse Side of Right Certificate — continued 
 Signature Guarantee: 
 Signatures must be guaranteed by a
member firm of a registered national securities exchange, a member of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. or a commercial bank or trust company having an office or correspondent in the United States. 
 The undersigned hereby certifies that the Rights evidenced by this Right Certificate are not Beneficially Owned by a 30% Stockholder or an Affiliate or Associate
thereof (as defined in the Rights Agreement). 
  

	
	   
	Signature
	
	(Signature must conform in all respects to name of holder as specified on the face of this Right Certificate in every particular, without alteration or enlargement or any change
whatsoever)


 NOTICE 
 The signatures in the foregoing Forms of Assignment and Election must correspond to the name as written upon the face of this Right Certificate in every particular, without alteration or enlargement or any change
whatsoever. 
 In the event the certification set forth above in the Forms of Assignment and Election is not completed, the Company will deem
the Beneficial Owner of the Rights evidenced by this Right Certificate to be a 30% Stockholder or an Affiliate or Associate thereof (as defined in the Rights Agreement) and, in the case of an Assignment, will affix a legend to that effect on any
Right Certificates issued in exchange for this Right Certificate. 
  

 6