UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY WASHINGTON , D

.C. 20460 

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## 0 2015

MEMORANDUM OFFICE OF CHEMICAL SAFETY AND POLLUTION PREVENTION

SUBJECT: BEAD Chemical Profile (BCP) for Registration Review: Furfural (043301) FROM:

THRU: Carl Chen, Ph.D., Plant Pathologist Biological Analysis Branch Don Atwood, Ph.D., Entomologist 

## J)"**~**

## l1f;**~** Science Information and Analysis Branch

Arnet Jones, Chief Biological Analysis Branc Diann Sims, Chief Science Information and Analysis Branch Timothy Kiely, Chief 

# Q**\AA._~** Economic Analysis Branch 

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# J Biological and Economic Analysis Division 03P) TO: Jolene Trujillo, Chemical Review Manager Risk Management and Implementation Branch 5 Pesticide Re-evaluation Division (7508P) Office ofPesticide Programs (OPP)
Peer Review Panel date: March 4, 2015

Page 1The Biological and Economic Analysis Division (BEAD) Chemical Profile (BCP) provides an overview ofthe pest managementrole and quantitative usage information available for a pesticide. Information provided in this BCP may be used by stakeholders (e.g., users and registrants), OPP risk and benefit assessors, OPPrisk managers, and the general public during the Registration Reviewprocess offurfural. Furfural was registered in the United States in 2006 (EPA, 2006). Sod/turffarm is the only registered agricultural site. The registered non-agricultural sites include ornamental turf(golf course and athletic fields), field grown plants and ornamentals (non-bearing fruit trees and vines, cut flower production, and production nurseries), and greenhouse ornamentals. Furfural is formulated as a flowable concentrate. Ithas one end-use productpackaged as a 90% furfural liquid formulation. Application is made using either a ground boom sprayer, chemigation (drip and overhead), drench, or lowpressure backpack sprayer. Furfural is unclassified by pesticide resistance action committees (IRAC, 2014; FRAC, 2014). It is an organic compound that canbe extracted from various agricultural byproducts such as sugar cane bagasse, corncobs, oat husks and bran, wheat bran, and sawdust (Hensley and Burger, 2006). Furfural is primarily a nematicide that has contact activity. Itis also a fungicide that can be used against soil-home fungal pathogens. Furfural is registered to control root infesting plantparasitic nematodes and fungal plant diseases (e.g., Pythium spp., Phytophthora spp., Fusarium spp., and Rhizoctonia spp.). Itcanbe used on established turfand is recommended as a chemical nematicide for golfcourse nematode managementin Florida (UF, 2015). It has a federal registration for use on ornamentals but does not have state registrations in many states including California (NPIRS, 2015). The lack ofstate registrations limited its availability as an alternative to methyl bromide (EPA, 2011). There have been no BEADbenefits assessments orFIFRA Section 18 Emergency Exemption Requests for furfural since its initial registration. While an emergency exemptionrequest may yield information about a chemical's importance orvalue that is not found in other EPA records, the lack ofa FIFRA Section 18 assessment by BEAD does not specifically indicate the relative importance ofthis chemical. Quantitative usage information for furfural's agricultural and non-agricultural uses are not available. Obtaining the following information for all registered agricultural and nonagricultural sites may improve future assessments related to the use and importance offurfural. • Total pounds active ingredient applied peryear on a national orregional basis • Percent crop/site treated • Unique geographic areas ofuse withhighintensity • Application rates: typical and maximum • Frequency ofapplication • Application intervals • Methods ofapplication • Target or niche pest species • Efficacy information/productperformance Page 2REFERENCES EPA. 2006. Furfural RED Fact Sheet. Accessed February 2015 at http://www.epa.govIoppOOOO 1/ chem search/reg actions/registration/fs PC-043301 0l - Sep-06.pdf
. EPA. 2011. Methyl Bromide Critical Use Nomination (CUN) for Preplant Soil Use for Ornamentals in Open Fields and Protection Environments (Submitted in 2011 for 2013 Use Season). Accessed February 2015 at http://www.epa.gov/ozone/mbr/CUN2013/2013CUNOmamentals.pdf. FRAC. 2014. Fungicide Resistance Action Committee (FRAC)

- 2014 FRAC Code List 0

. Accessed February 2015 at http://www.frac.info/frac/publication/anhang/2014%20FRAC%20Code%20List.pdf
. Hensley 

### J, Burger G. 2006. Nematicidal properties offurfural and the development for nematode control in various crops for the United States markets. Journal ofNematology 38:274. IRAC. 2014. Insecticide Resistance Action Committee (IRAC)-IRAC Mode ofAction (MoA) Classification Scheme. Version 7.3. Issued April 2014. Accessed February 2015 at http://www.irac-online.org/documents/moa-classification/?ext=pdf. NPIRS. 2015. Furfural federal/state registrations on ornamental. National Pesticide Information Retrieval System (NRIRS). Accessed February 2015 athttp://npirs.ceris.purdue.edu
. UF. 2015. Nematode management for golfcourses in Florida. University ofFlorida IFAS Extension. Accessed February 2015 athttp://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in124
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